| Introduction to |
| Introduction to |
| WEBWEB--GISGIS |
|
|
| Chathura H Wickramasinghe |
| Chathura H Wickramasinghe |
|
|
| Geographic Information Systems |
| Geographic Information Systems |
|
|
| ÑÑ ““Mapping |
|
|
| Mapping”” is inventory and presentation of |
| is inventory and presentation of |
| spatial data. |
| spatial data. |
|
|
| Geographical Information |
| GIS means ““Geographical Information |
| ÑÑ GIS means |
| System”” |
| System |
| Its called that because there is information |
| ÓÓ Its called that because there is information |
| behind the map. |
| behind the map. |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| GIS vs CAD |
| GIS vs CAD |
|
|
| Difference between mapping software or CAD and GIS: |
| Difference between mapping software or CAD and GIS: |
|
|
| CAD |
| CAD |
|
|
| Mapping 2D or 3D geospatial data |
| ÓÓ Mapping 2D or 3D geospatial data |
|
|
| GISGIS |
| Three levels of GIS applications: |
| ÑÑThree levels of GIS applications: |
| Inventory (What is there?) |
| ÓÓ Inventory (What is there?) |
| Analysis (Answering questions) |
| ÓÓ Analysis (Answering questions) |
| Shortest distance |
| ÔÔ Shortest distance |
|
|
| Modeling (Making predictions) |
| ÓÓ Modeling (Making predictions) |
|
|
| CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| A GIS is a software system that connects map |
| layers with tables of information. |
|
|
| GIS MAP |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
| Image: ESRI course Learning ArcGIS Desktop 2007 |
|
|
| Importance of Geographic Data |
| Importance of Geographic Data |
|
|
| GIS is different than most applications |
| ÑÑ GIS is different than most applications |
|
|
| Word processing, Spreadsheets…… are are |
| ÑÑ Word processing, Spreadsheets |
| entirely dependent on input of YOUR |
| entirely dependent on input of |
|
|
| YOUR datadata |
|
|
| GIS users nearly always require reference |
| ÑÑ GIS users nearly always require reference |
| map data (e.g., streets, boundaries) that are |
| map data (e.g., streets, boundaries) that are |
| by others |
| maintained by others |
| maintained |
|
|
| As GIS users, we rely heavily on |
| ÑÑ As GIS users, we rely heavily on |
| data sources |
| external”” data sources |
| ““external |
|
|
| Data has to be shared |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Evolution of Data Sharing |
| Evolution of Data Sharing |
|
|
| Distributed GIS |
| Distributed GIS |
| (via web services) |
| (via web services) |
|
|
| Downloading |
| Downloading |
| DataData |
|
|
| y |
| t |
| i |
| r |
| u |
| t |
| a |
| M |
|
|
| Media |
| Media |
| Distribution |
| Distribution |
| ((““ftpftp””)) |
|
|
| Shared |
| Shared |
| Diskspace |
| Diskspace |
|
|
| Time |
|
|
| Issues with typical/traditional Data |
| Issues with typical/traditional Data |
| Sharing Methods |
| Sharing Methods |
|
|
| Getting all the data |
| ÑÑ Getting all the data |
| Vintage |
| ÑÑ Vintage |
| Format |
| ÑÑ Format |
| Coordinate System/Projection |
| ÑÑ Coordinate System/Projection |
| Media Compatibility |
| ÑÑ Media Compatibility |
| File Size |
| ÑÑ File Size |
| Bandwidth |
| ÑÑ Bandwidth |
| Metadata Distribution |
| ÑÑ Metadata Distribution |
|
|
| Typically requires data manipulation |
| prior to use (reformatting, reprojecting, |
| clipping, etc.) |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Distributed GIS Model |
| Distributed GIS Model |
| NYS DEC |
| NYS CSCIC |
| USGS |
|
|
| US EPA |
|
|
| DEM |
|
|
| Wetlands |
|
|
| Orthos |
|
|
| Real-time |
| access to |
| geographic |
| data and |
| services |
|
|
| Local |
| Data |
|
|
| Virtually Any Client |
|
|
| Mashup |
| Mashup |
|
|
| An application that combines data from multiple sources |
| ÑÑ An application that combines data from multiple sources |
| content aggregation”” |
| Referred to as ““content aggregation |
| ÑÑ Referred to as |
| Combines similar |
| ÑÑ Combines |
| systems/services |
| different systems/services |
| different |
| Term originated from music industry when a new song |
| ÑÑ Term originated from music industry when a new song |
| was made from several existing tracks |
| was made from several existing tracks |
|
|
| types of data (e.g., maps,) from |
| similar types of data (e.g., maps,) from |
|
|
| + |
|
|
| = |
|
|
| Distributed GIS Advantages |
| Distributed GIS Advantages |
|
|
| Format is irrelevant |
| ÑÑ Format is irrelevant |
| Guarantees latest data |
| ÑÑ Guarantees latest data |
| No media involved |
| ÑÑ No media involved |
| Size is irrelevant (only requested |
| ÑÑ Size is irrelevant (only requested |
| data needed) |
| data needed) |
| Software independent |
| ÑÑ Software independent |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Distributed GIS Advantages |
| Distributed GIS Advantages |
|
|
| Device independent (PC, phone) |
| ÑÑ Device independent (PC, phone) |
| Saves Time! |
| ÑÑ Saves Time! |
| Data security |
| ÑÑ Data security |
| Only view data |
| ÓÓ Only view data |
| Download data |
| ÓÓ Download data |
| Data upload and editing |
| ÓÓ Data upload and editing |
|
|
| Distributed GIS Advantages |
| Distributed GIS Advantages |
| Desktop software's also support WMS |
| ÑÑ Desktop software's also support WMS |
| ÓÓ QGISQGIS |
| ArcGIS |
| ÓÓ ArcGIS |
|
|
| Advantages |
| ÓÓ Advantages |
| Carryout advance GIS operations on the data. |
| ÔÔ Carryout advance GIS operations on the data. |
| Use as source data for GIS analysis. |
| ÔÔ Use as source data for GIS analysis. |
| Easy to search and access data. |
| ÔÔ Easy to search and access data. |
|
|
| Distributed GIS Disadvantages |
| Distributed GIS Disadvantages |
|
|
| Dependent on server availability |
| ÑÑ Dependent on server availability |
| Dependent on internet availability |
| ÑÑ Dependent on internet availability |
| Users need to be aware of web service |
| ÑÑ Users need to be aware of web service |
|
|
| Service Oriented |
| Service Oriented |
| Architecture |
| Architecture |
|
|
| Architecture that is based on integrating |
| ÑÑ Architecture that is based on integrating |
| , interoperable services |
| loosely coupled””, interoperable services |
| ““loosely coupled |
|
|
| Loosely coupled means NOT physically |
| ÑÑ Loosely coupled means NOT physically |
| bound or compiled like an EXE or DLL |
| bound or compiled like an EXE or DLL |
|
|
| These services can be invoked and |
| ÑÑ These services can be invoked and |
| consumed remotely over a network |
| consumed remotely over a network |
|
|
| Data and messages are exchanged |
| ÑÑ Data and messages are exchanged |
| between clients and services |
| between clients and services |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Basic Web Page Operation |
| Basic Web Page Operation |
|
|
| Request |
|
|
| Response |
| (HTML document) |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Web Service Operation |
| Web Service Operation |
|
|
| Client |
|
|
| Convert UTM To Lat/Long |
|
|
| Zone: 18 |
| Longitude: -73.3456 |
| Processing…. |
| Easting: 623,456.3 |
| Latitude: 42.2753 |
| Northing: 4,745,342.3 |
|
|
| 1. Creates XML Request |
|
|
| 2. Request sent to web |
| service |
|
|
| Web Server |
| (Listening for requests) |
|
|
| 7. Receives response and parses |
|
|
| 6. Response sent to client |
|
|
| 3. Receives request and |
| parses XML |
|
|
| 4. Calls the function |
|
|
| 5. Creates response XML |
| with results |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Types of Geospatial Web Services |
| Types of Geospatial Web Services |
|
|
| Map/Data Oriented Services |
| ÑÑ Map/Data Oriented Services |
| Map Services (Image) |
| ÓÓ Map Services (Image) |
| Feature Services (Vector) |
| ÓÓ Feature Services (Vector) |
| Coverage Services (Grid) |
| ÓÓ Coverage Services (Grid) |
|
|
| Task Oriented Services |
| ÑÑ Task Oriented Services |
| Routing Services |
| ÓÓ Routing Services |
| Geoprocessing Services |
| ÓÓ Geoprocessing Services |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Map Services |
| Map Services |
|
|
| ÑÑ Client requests a map from a server for a specified geographic e |
|
|
| xtent |
| Client requests a map from a server for a specified geographic extent |
|
|
| Map Server renders the requested map internally and converts to an an |
| ÑÑ Map Server renders the requested map internally and converts to |
| image file (e.g., JPG, PNG, GIF) and returns the map image to the e |
| image file (e.g., JPG, PNG, GIF) and returns the map image to th |
| client for display |
| client for display |
|
|
| Fast map display is possible. |
| ÑÑ Fast map display is possible. |
|
|
| 99% of current activity's in Web GIS Map/Image Serving |
|
|
| made way for WebGIS popularity |
| Google Map”” made way for WebGIS popularity |
| ““Google Map |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Map Service Operation |
| Map Service Operation |
|
|
| Client |
|
|
| Web Server/Map Server |
|
|
| 1. Creates XML Request |
|
|
| 2. Request sent to web |
| service |
|
|
| 8. Receives response, |
| parses to extract image |
| and updates map |
|
|
| 7. Response sent to client |
|
|
| 3. Receives request and |
| parses XML |
|
|
| 4. Calls the map server to |
| request map |
|
|
| 5. Map Server generates |
| map as image file |
|
|
| 6. Creates response XML |
| with image file |
|
|
| Sample site |
| Sample site |
|
|
| http://www.wunderground.com/radar/map.as |
| ÑÑ http://www.wunderground.com/radar/map.as |
| pp |
| http://maps.eyesontheforest.or.id/ |
| ÑÑ http://maps.eyesontheforest.or.id/ |
| https://mapsengine.google.com/map |
| ÑÑ https://mapsengine.google.com/map |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Need for standardization |
| Need for standardization |
|
|
| Every one was creating own standards |
| ÑÑ Every one was creating own standards |
| Google maps |
| ÓÓ Google maps |
| Bing Maps |
| ÓÓ Bing Maps |
| USGS |
| ÓÓ USGS |
|
|
| Make universal data sharing possible. |
| ÑÑ Make universal data sharing possible. |
| Overcome technical chalengers. |
| ÑÑ Overcome technical chalengers. |
| Make way for rapid development in |
| ÑÑ Make way for rapid development in |
| WebGIS. |
| WebGIS. |
|
|
| OGC and Open Web Mapping |
| OGC and Open Web Mapping |
|
|
| ÑÑ The The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) |
| was founded in 1994 |
| Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) was founded in 1994 |
| An international consortium of 346 organizations that lead the |
| ÑÑ An international consortium of 346 organizations that lead the |
| development of open standards and specifications to enable the |
| development of open standards and specifications to enable the |
| interoperability of geospatial and location based services |
| interoperability of geospatial and location based services |
|
|
| ÑÑ They have developed a series of open standards for geospatial we |
|
|
| They have developed a series of open standards for geospatial web b |
| services such as: |
| services such as: |
| Geography Markup Language (GML) |
| ÓÓ Geography Markup Language (GML) |
| Web Mapping Services (WMS) |
| ÓÓ Web Mapping Services (WMS) |
| Web Feature Services (WFS) |
| ÓÓ Web Feature Services (WFS) |
| Web Coverage Services (WCS) |
| ÓÓ Web Coverage Services (WCS) |
| Referrred to as ““OpenGIS |
|
|
| OpenGIS®®”” standards |
| standards |
|
|
| ÑÑ Referrred to as |
|
|
| OGC Web Services (OWS) |
| OGC Web Services (OWS) |
| Web Map Service (WMS) |
| ÑÑ Web Map Service (WMS) |
| ÓÓ Web Map Service Interface Standard (WMS) provides a simple HTTP |
|
|
| Web Map Service Interface Standard (WMS) provides a simple HTTP interface for |
| interface for |
| requesting geo--registered map images from one or more distributed geospatial |
| registered map images from one or more distributed geospatial |
| requesting geo |
| databases. A WMS request defines the geographic layer(s) and area of interest to |
| a of interest to |
| databases. A WMS request defines the geographic layer(s) and are |
| be processed. The response to the request is one or more geo--registered map |
| registered map |
| be processed. The response to the request is one or more geo |
| rowser |
| images (returned as JPEG, PNG, etc) that can be displayed in a browser |
| images (returned as JPEG, PNG, etc) that can be displayed in a b |
| application. |
| application. |
|
|
| Web Feature Service (WFS) |
| ÑÑ Web Feature Service (WFS) |
| ÓÓ The WFS operations support INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, LOCK, QUERY a |
|
|
| The WFS operations support INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, LOCK, QUERY and nd |
| stributed |
| DISCOVERY operations on geographic features using HTTP as the distributed |
| DISCOVERY operations on geographic features using HTTP as the di |
| computing platform. It is the function of a web feature service, in its interaction with |
| in its interaction with |
| computing platform. It is the function of a web feature service, |
| ensure that changes |
| the data storage system used to persistently store features, to ensure that changes |
| the data storage system used to persistently store features, to |
| to data are consistent. |
| to data are consistent. |
|
|
| Web Coverage Service (WCS) |
| ÑÑ Web Coverage Service (WCS) |
| ÓÓ The OpenGIS |
|
|
| The OpenGIS®® Web Coverage Service Interface Standard (WCS) defines a |
| Web Coverage Service Interface Standard (WCS) defines a |
| standard interface and operations that enables interoperable access to geospatial |
| ess to geospatial |
| standard interface and operations that enables interoperable acc |
| "grid |
| term |
| [http://www.opengeospatial.org/ogc/glossary/c]. The |
| "coverages" |
| "coverages" |
| "grid |
| term |
| [http://www.opengeospatial.org/ogc/glossary/c]. The |
| digital aerial photos, |
| coverages" typically refers to content such as satellite images, digital aerial photos, |
| coverages" typically refers to content such as satellite images, |
| s at each |
| digital elevation data, and other phenomena represented by values at each |
| digital elevation data, and other phenomena represented by value |
| measurement point. |
| measurement point. |
|
|
| Web Mapping Services (WMS) |
| Web Mapping Services (WMS) |
|
|
| WMS is the OGC specification for |
| ÑÑ WMS is the OGC specification for |
| implementing a map (image) service |
| implementing a map (image) service |
|
|
| Does not allow for cached map services |
| ÑÑ Does not allow for cached map services |
|
|
| WMS provides 3 functions for clients to |
| ÑÑ WMS provides 3 functions for clients to |
| access functionality |
| access functionality |
|
|
| Two functions are mandatory to be |
| ÑÑ Two functions are mandatory to be |
| implemented, the third function is |
| implemented, the third function is |
| optional |
| optional |
|
|
| ÑÑ This results in two general |
|
|
| This results in two general ““types |
| WMS Services |
| WMS Services |
| ÓÓ BasicBasic |
| Queryable |
| ÓÓ Queryable |
|
|
| types”” of of |
|
|
| Web Mapping Services |
| Web Mapping Services |
| (WMS) |
| (WMS) |
|
|
| Basic WMS Service |
| Basic WMS Service |
| Every WMS service MUST support the following two functions: |
| Every WMS service MUST support the following two functions: |
|
|
| ÓÓ GetCapabilities |
|
|
| Describes the capabilities and available layers |
| GetCapabilities –– Describes the capabilities and available layers |
|
|
| ÓÓ GetMap |
|
|
| Generates a map image based on input parameters |
| GetMap –– Generates a map image based on input parameters |
|
|
| Queryable WMS Service |
| Queryable WMS Service |
| The following function is optional for WMS services: |
| The following function is optional for WMS services: |
|
|
| ÓÓ GetFeatureInfo |
|
|
| Gets the attributes for a specified feature |
| GetFeatureInfo –– Gets the attributes for a specified feature |
|
|
| http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wms |
| http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wms |
|
|
| What can be done with a |
| What can be done with a |
| WMS service? |
| WMS service? |
|
|
| ÑÑ Each client application (e.g., ArcView, MapInfo, Google Earth, e |
|
|
| Each client application (e.g., ArcView, MapInfo, Google Earth, etc.) |
| tc.) |
| handles WMS services differently |
| handles WMS services differently |
|
|
| However, generally the following functions are available: |
| ÑÑ However, generally the following functions are available: |
| Map Display and navigation |
| ÓÓ Map Display and navigation |
| Zoom to layer |
| ÓÓ Zoom to layer |
| Layer Control |
| ÓÓ Layer Control |
| Identify feature (only with Queryable Map services) |
| ÓÓ Identify feature (only with Queryable Map services) |
|
|
| Anything else is not available |
| ÑÑ Anything else is not available |
| No feature selection |
| ÓÓ No feature selection |
| No geoprocessing |
| ÓÓ No geoprocessing |
| No attribute table/browser display |
| ÓÓ No attribute table/browser display |
| Menus/Buttons are greyed out and disabled |
| ÓÓ Menus/Buttons are greyed out and disabled |
|
|
| WebGIS Components |
| WebGIS Components |
|
|
| Web GIS Components (Cont …………)) |
| Web GIS Components (Cont |
|
|
| Internet Browser such as Internet Explore, Mozila firefox |
| Internet Browser such as Internet Explore, Mozila firefox |
|
|
| ••Client: |
| Client: |
| –– |
| etcetc |
| Internet Connection: |
| ••Internet Connection: |
|
|
| –– |
| Performance of a web mapping site largely depends on |
| Performance of a web mapping site largely depends on |
| bandwidth of the Internet connection |
| the bandwidth of the Internet connection |
| the |
| Higher the bandwidth better the performance |
| –– |
| Higher the bandwidth better the performance |
|
|
| Web server |
| ••Web server |
|
|
| Handle the requests from Web Browser (user) and |
| Handle the requests from Web Browser (user) and |
|
|
| –– |
| Return the web page |
| Return the web page |
| Apache,IIS |
| –– |
| Apache,IIS |
|
|
| Meta Data |
| ••Meta Data |
|
|
| –– |
| –– |
|
|
| data about data |
| data about data |
| Including Server URL, Owner etc |
| Including Server URL, Owner etc |
|
|
| Web GIS Components (Cont …………)) |
| Web GIS Components (Cont |
|
|
| Map Server |
| ••Map Server |
|
|
| –– |
| page. |
| page. |
| –– |
|
|
| TheMapServer is the engine behind the maps you see on a web |
| TheMapServer is the engine behind the maps you see on a web |
|
|
| The Map Server needs to be configured to communicate between |
| The Map Server needs to be configured to communicate between |
| the web server and assemble data layers into an appropriate |
| the web server and assemble data layers into an appropriate |
|
|
| image. |
| image. |
|
|
| Map viewer |
| ••Map viewer |
|
|
| –– |
| –– |
|
|
| –– |
| –– |
|
|
| Renders the maps on the client side |
| Renders the maps on the client side |
| The relationships among Objects |
| The relationships among Objects |
| ––Map Extent |
| Map Extent |
| Map Size |
| ––Map Size |
| Reference Map (Key Map) |
| ––Reference Map (Key Map) |
|
|
| Point Map Server where to locate data |
| Point Map Server where to locate data |
| Define how things are to be drawn |
| Define how things are to be drawn |
|
|
| Colors |
| ––Colors |
| Labeling etc…… |
| ––Labeling etc |
|
|
| WEB GIS Software |
| WEB GIS Software |
|
|
| Category |
|
|
| Commercial |
|
|
| Operating Systems |
|
|
| Windows |
|
|
| Free |
|
|
| Linux |
|
|
| Database SW |
|
|
| ORACLE , MSsql |
|
|
| Mysql , Postgresql |
|
|
| Spatial Database SW |
|
|
| ORACLE Spatial |
|
|
| MySQL Spatial, PostGIS |
|
|
| RS\GIS Applications |
|
|
| ArcGIS, ERDAS, ENVI |
|
|
| ILWIS, GRASS, QGIS |
|
|
| Web GIS Applications |
|
|
| ArcIMS |
|
|
| MapServer, GeoServer |
|
|
| ArcGIS Server/ ArcSDE |
|
|
| Mapbender, OpenLayers |
|
|
| GIS components |
| Open WEB--GIS components |
| Open WEB |
|
|
| Map Servers |
|
|
| Rendering spatial data (maps, images, |
|
|
| and vector data) for the web |
|
|
| • Minnesota MapServer |
| • GeoServer |
|
|
| Map Viewer |
|
|
| http://mapserver.org/ |
|
|
| http://geoserver.org |
|
|
| It provides a data model and web based |
| interfaces for displaying, navigating and |
| querying OGC compliant map services |
|
|
| www.mapbender.org/ |
|
|
| • Mapbender |
| • OpenLayers |
|
|
| openlayers.org/ |
|
|
| WebGIS using open source tools |
| WebGIS using open source tools |
|
|
| Example: The following WebGIS application was developed using GeoServer & |
| OpenLayers |
|
|
| Open Web GIS solutions |
| Open Web GIS solutions |
|
|
| GeoNode |
| GeoNode |
| based application and platform for |
| GeoNode is a web--based application and platform for |
| ÑÑGeoNode is a web |
| developing geospatial information systems (GIS) and for |
| developing geospatial information systems (GIS) and for |
| deploying spatial data infrastructures (SDI). |
| deploying spatial data infrastructures (SDI). |
|
|
| geonode.org/ |
|
|
| GeoNetwork opensource |
| GeoNetwork opensource |
| GeoNetwork is a catalog application to manage spatially |
| ÑÑGeoNetwork is a catalog application to manage spatially |
| referenced resources. It provides powerful metadata editing and |
| referenced resources. It provides powerful metadata editing and |
| search functions as well as an embedded interactive web map |
| search functions as well as an embedded interactive web map |
| viewer. It is currently used in numerous Spatial Data |
| viewer. It is currently used in numerous Spatial Data |
| Infrastructure initiatives across the world. |
| Infrastructure initiatives across the world. |
|
|
| http://geonetwork-opensource.org/ |
|
|
| GIC/AIT chathura |
|
|
| Core components |
| Core components |
|
|
| • Upload Vector & Raster data |
| • Metadata support. |
| • Create Maps |
| • Print maps as pdf |
|
|
| • Up- and downloading data, |
|
|
| graphics, documents, pdf files |
|
|
| • Online editing of metadata |
| • Scheduled harvesting and |
|
|
| synchronization of metadata |
| • Support for OGC-CSW 2.0.2 ISO |
|
|
| Profile, OAI-PMH, Z39.50 |
| protocols. |
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| Web Server |
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| Map Viewer |
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| GeoEDGE |
| GeoEDGE |
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| Compilation of Free Open source Web GIS |
| Compilation of Free Open source Web GIS |
| resources Powerful tool that support |
| resources Powerful tool that support |
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| Map services |
| ÓÓ Map services |
| GIS spatial operations |
| ÓÓ GIS spatial operations |
| Map display |
| ÓÓ Map display |
| Advance Spatial analysis |
| ÓÓ Advance Spatial analysis |
| Automatic Geocoding |
| ÓÓ Automatic Geocoding |
| Geo reference map views |
| ÓÓ Geo reference map views |
| Interactive multi user digitizing |
| ÓÓ Interactive multi user digitizing |
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| Web Processing Services |
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| Web Processing Service |
| Web Processing Service |
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| ÑÑ The OpenGIS |
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| The OpenGIS®® Web Processing Service (WPS) Interface Standard provides |
| Web Processing Service (WPS) Interface Standard provides |
| ponses) for |
| rules for standardizing how inputs and outputs (requests and responses) for |
| rules for standardizing how inputs and outputs (requests and res |
| geospatial processing services, such as polygon overlay. . |
| geospatial processing services, such as polygon overlay |
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| of a |
| The standard also defines how a client can request the execution of a |
| ÑÑ The standard also defines how a client can request the execution |
| nes an |
| process, and how the output from the process is handled. It defines an |
| process, and how the output from the process is handled. It defi |
| s and clients’’ |
| interface that facilitates the publishing of geospatial processes and clients |
| interface that facilitates the publishing of geospatial processe |
| y the WPS |
| discovery of and binding to those processes. The data required by the WPS |
| discovery of and binding to those processes. The data required b |
| e server. |
| can be delivered across a network or they can be available at the server. |
| can be delivered across a network or they can be available at th |
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| WPSWPS |
| Advantages |
| Advantages |
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| GIS Operation online |
| ÓÓ GIS Operation online |
| No need of GIS applications |
| ÓÓ No need of GIS applications |
| Easy to use |
| ÓÓ Easy to use |
| No need of GIS knowledge |
| ÓÓ No need of GIS knowledge |
| Can be done on any device ( mobile / pc) |
| ÓÓ Can be done on any device ( mobile / pc) |
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| Disadvantages |
| Disadvantages |
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| Need powerful server |
| ÓÓ Need powerful server |
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| Thank You |
| Thank You |
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| GIC/AIT chathura |
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