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Question: ¿Qué mecanismo promueve para el intercambio de información entre países y organizaciones internacionales?
Answer: La notificación, la remisión de reclamaciones, la asistencia en investigaciones y el intercambio de información, respaldado por las garantías adecuadas para la protección de datos.
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Question: ¿Cuál es el principio que establece que los datos personales deben ser adecuados, pertinentes y limitados a lo necesario?
Answer: Los datos personales deben ser adecuados, pertinentes y limitados a lo necesario en relación con los fines para los que son tratados.
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Question: What is the impact of the rectification and suppression rights on other rights?
Answer: These rights do not negatively affect the rights and freedoms of other individuals, ensuring that the interests of data subjects are protected.
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Question: According to the text, what role does the GDPR play in ensuring the protection of special categories of personal data?
Answer: The GDPR establishes conditions for the treatment of special categories of personal data, ensuring compliance with legal obligations and protecting rights, including the right to opposition.
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Question: Where should individuals exercise judicial protection against a control authority's decision?
Answer: In the member states where the individual has their habitual residence, place of work, or place of the alleged infraction.
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Question: ¿Qué se sanciona por incumplimiento de resoluciones de la autoridad de control?
Answer: Se sancionará con multas administrativas de 20 000 000 EUR o una cuantía equivalente al 4% del volumen de negocio total anual global del ejercicio anterior.
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Question: What obligation does Article 53 impose on States Members regarding control authorities?
Answer: States Members guarantee that control authorities have the necessary resources and personnel to carry out their functions, including those related to mutual assistance, cooperation, and participation in the Council.
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Question: How does the text address the application of administrative fines in non-company contexts?
Answer: The text indicates that for non-company contexts, the authority must consider the value of the person's income and economic situation, and the coherence principle to ensure consistent application of administrative fines.
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Question: ¿Cómo se evalúa la necesidad y proporcionalidad de las operaciones de tratamiento?
Answer: Se evalúa la necesidad y proporcionalidad de las operaciones de tratamiento con respecto a su finalidad, asegurando que estén alineadas con los fines del tratamiento y no excedan los recursos disponibles.
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Question: What does the text state regarding the application of Article 2 of the Directive 2002/58/CE?
Answer: The text states that the interested party can exercise their right to oppose by technical specializations.
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Question: The text discusses the protection of personal data. Which category of data falls under special protection according to the EU regulations?
Answer: Datos de carácter personal que revelan el origen racial o étnico
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Question: According to Article 60, what is the cooperation required between the main control authority and other control authorities?
Answer: Cooperación entre la autoridad de control principal y las demás autoridades de control interesadas.
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Question: ¿Qué se menciona en el apartado 1 sobre la portabilidad de los datos?
Answer: La portabilidad de los datos
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Question: According to Article 80, what is the right of the interested party to have a mandate to a non-profit entity?
Answer: The right of the interested party to have a mandate to a non-profit entity with statutory objectives of public interest, acting in the protection of the interests of the affected parties regarding the protection of their personal data.
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Question: Which institution is mentioned as the source of the Reglamento?
Answer: The Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea
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Question: What can be revoked regarding the delegation of powers?
Answer: The delegation can be revoked by the European Parliament or the Council at any time.
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Question: Which of the following options allows the transfer of personal data with adequate guarantees under Article 46?
Answer: a) A lack of decision with arrangement at Article 45, section 3, the responsibility or the responsible person can only transmit data if adequate guarantees are provided and legal actions are effective.
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Question: ¿Qué artículo se menciona en la pregunta sobre la autorización de cláusulas contractuales según el artículo 46, apartado 3?
Answer: Artículo 46, apartado 3
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Question: According to the text, what is the basis for determining administrative fines in Denmark and Estonia?
Answer: The text states that in Denmark and Estonia, administrative fines are not permitted, and the appropriate mechanism involves considering the nature, gravity, and duration of the infraction, along with the measures taken to ensure compliance with the regulations.
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Question: What measures are taken if data protection standards in a third country are not met?
Answer: The Commission requires the responsible parties to provide adequate guarantees, such as contractual clauses or regulatory compliance, to ensure data protection and rights are upheld.
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Question: ¿Cómo se establecen los procedimientos para tratar las reclamaciones sobre infracciones de la certificación?
Answer: Los procedimientos y estructuras para tratar las reclamaciones relativas a infracciones de la certificación.
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Question: Según el texto, ¿qué artículo se menciona como base para el tratamiento de datos personales?
Answer: Artículo 6, apartado 1
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Question: What is a 'fichero'?
Answer: a structured set of personal data data, accessible according to certain criteria, whether centralized, decentralized or distributed...
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Question: What must be provided for a data transfer to be recognized under Article 49?
Answer: The transfer must be based on legitimate interests, with proper consent, necessity for legal contracts, or other specified conditions.
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Question: When is the treatment not applicable according to the text?
Answer: When the treatment is necessary for exercising the right to freedom of expression and information, or for fulfilling an obligation under the Union or member states' law.
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Question: What aspect of the EU's legal framework is addressed by the 'Responsable del tratamiento'?
Answer: The EU's legal framework regarding the treatment of personal data and the protection of rights and freedoms.
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Question: ¿Qué se requiere para que el tratamiento de datos personales sea limitado en la práctica?
Answer: Trasladar temporalmente los datos, impedir el acceso a datos personales o retirar datos publicados, y asegurar que se indique claramente en el sistema.
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Question: How does the Reglamento address the treatment of personal data for historical research?
Answer: The Reglamento specifies that historical research data should be treated with conditions, particularly concerning the publication or communication of personal data, and it mentions that the Reglamento must be applied to such data, emphasizing the need for specific measures to ensure confidentiality and compliance with the research objectives.
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Question: ¿Cuáles son las medidas técnicas y organizativas de seguridad mencionadas en el artículo 32?
Answer: Las medidas técnicas y organizativas de seguridad se refieren a las medidas apropiadas aplicadas para garantizar un nivel de seguridad adecuado al riesgo, incluyendo seudonimización y cifrado de datos personales.
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Question: What is mentioned regarding the designation of a single data protection representative for multiple authorities?
Answer: The text suggests that when responsibilities differ, a single representative may be designated for multiple authorities to manage their specific needs.
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Question: When does the delegation become effective?
Answer: It becomes effective from the publication in the Official Journal of the EU or later.
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Question: ¿Qué derecho permite a un Estado miembro reconocer a una entidad sin ánimo de lucro para presentar una reclamación?
Answer: El derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva en nombre de los interesados o, si así lo establece el Derecho del Estado miembro.
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Question: What are the specific conditions mentioned in the text for scientific research data treatment?
Answer: The text states that specific conditions must be applied, including restrictions on the publication or communication of personal data in the context of scientific research, and adherence to the objectives of the Union established in Article 179, apart 1, regarding a European research space.
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Question: ¿Qué actúa la Comisión para asegurar que un tercer país garantice un nivel de protección adecuado?
Answer: La Comisión establecerá un mecanismo de revisión periódica, al menos cada cuatro años, que tenga en cuenta todos los acontecimientos relevantes en el tercer país o en la organización internacional, y establecerá un acto de ejecución que establezca un mecanismo de revisión periódica, al menos cada cuatro años, que tenga en cuenta todos los acontecimientos relevantes en el tercer país o en la organización internacional.
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Question: How are personal data treated in research contexts as per the text?
Answer: The text states that research-related personal data treatment must adhere to specific guarantees to protect individuals' rights and freedoms, ensuring measures to minimize data collection and applying principles of proportionality and necessity.
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Question: What are the specific rights related to data access and rectification?
Answer: The right to request access, rectification, or suppression of data, and the right to oppose treatment, along with the right to portability.
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Question: According to the text, what role does the main control authority play if the case is not addressed?
Answer: The main control authority will handle it with Articles 61 and 62.
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Question: ¿Qué aspecto de la protección de datos se aborda en el Reglamento para abordar la diversidad cultural, religiosa y lingüística?
Answer: La protección de los datos personales se aborda reconociendo la diversidad cultural, religiosa y lingüística, asegurando que las personas físicas tengan el control de sus propios datos personales.
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Question: What is the role of Article 89 regarding archival purposes and exceptions for data treatment?
Answer: Garantías y excepciones aplicables al tratamiento con fines de archivo en interés público, fines de investigación científica o histórica o fines estadísticos garantizarán que se disponga de medidas técnicas y organizativas específicas para los derechos y las libertades de los interesados.
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Question: What can be done regarding the actions against responsible parties under the given text?
Answer: The reclamant can exercise the actions against responsible parties in the courts of member states where the responsible party has a residence or establishment, unless the responsible party is a public authority.
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Question: How can data personal information be treated without requiring identification?
Answer: It can be treated without requiring identification if the purpose does not necessitate identifying the individual, as per Article 11.
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Question: ¿Qué se ordena al ordenar la rectificación o supresión de datos personales?
Answer: Se ordena la rectificación o supresión de datos personales.
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Question: How does the text address the prevention of conflicts of interest in the role of the delegado de protección de datos?
Answer: It states that the delegado de protección de datos will not be demoted or sanctioned by the responsible or the manager for performing their functions, ensuring direct reporting to higher authorities.
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Question: ¿Cómo aborda la Comisión las directrices con respecto a la aplicación del Reglamento según el artículo e)?
Answer: La Comisión emitirá directrices, recomendaciones y buenas prácticas con arreglo a la letra e) para promover la aplicación coherente del Reglamento.
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Question: Según el texto, ¿cuánto tiempo debe darse a la notificación de una violación de seguridad de datos personales?
Answer: 72 horas
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Question: ¿Qué implica la verificación de medidas tecnológicas adecuadas en la notificación de violaciones?
Answer: Verificar que se aplicaron todas las protecciones tecnológicas adecuadas y se tomaron las medidas necesarias para mitigar riesgos.
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Question: What measures are outlined for scientific research data treatment according to the text?
Answer: The text outlines measures such as ensuring confidentiality, applying specific conditions, especially regarding the publication or communication of personal data, and adhering to the research objectives and the European Research Area (ERA) space requirements.
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Question: What is the procedure for extending the deadline for information provision?
Answer: The deadline can be extended up to two more months from the receipt of the request, provided it's necessary due to complexity.
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Question: ¿Cuál es la función principal de las cláusulas mencionadas en el artículo 46, apartado 3?
Answer: La autorización de las cláusulas contractuales y disposiciones
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Question: What happens if personal data are not obtained from the interest party?
Answer: The interest party's right to suppression of personal data applies, ensuring that data is not kept or used without consent or legal requirement.
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Question: When is a provisional measure required if control authorities fail to provide information within a month?
Answer: A provisional measure is required if control authorities fail to provide information within a month after receiving a request from another authority, allowing the requester to adopt a provisional measure under Article 55.
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Question: What is the role of the responsible party regarding the treatment of personal data under Article 89?
Answer: The responsible party must ensure that the treatment of personal data is done in accordance with the legal requirements and that the rights and freedoms of the interested party are respected.
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Question: What are the conditions under which data transfers can be allowed under Article 49?
Answer: Conditions include explicit consent, necessity for contracts, legal necessity, public interest, or incapacity of the interested party, among others.
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Question: What does Article 48 allow regarding unauthorized data transfers?
Answer: Article 48 allows unauthorized data transfers to be recognized or executable if based on an international agreement like a mutual assistance treaty, without violating other reasons for data transfer.
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Question: Which right pertains to the provision of information to the public and interested parties?
Answer: el ejercicio de los derechos de los interesados
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Question: What is the purpose of the Committee's public disclosure of decisions under the coherence mechanism?
Answer: llevará un registro electrónico, de acceso público, de las decisiones adoptadas por las autoridades de control y los tribunales sobre los asuntos tratados en el marco del mecanismo de coherencia.
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Question: What is the duration of the mandate for control authority members?
Answer: The duration of the mandate is typically not inferior to four years unless exceptions apply, such as for the first appointment after May 24, 2016, allowing for shorter terms when necessary to maintain control authority independence.
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Question: According to Article 22, what is the condition for the individual decision not to be based solely on automated processing?
Answer: If the decision is necessary for the execution of a contract between the interested party and a responsible for data treatment, if authorized by EU Law on Data Protection Regulation (Article 22), or if required for a public interest mission.
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Question: ¿Qué función principal tiene el Supervisor Europeo de Protección de Datos según el artículo 69?
Answer: El Supervisor Europeo de Protección de Datos actúa con total independencia en el desempeño de sus funciones o el ejercicio de sus competencias, siguiendo los artículos 70 y 71.
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Question: ¿A qué derecho internacional público se aplica el presente Reglamento cuando aplica a responsables no establecidos en la Unión?
Answer: El presente Reglamento debe aplicarse también a todo responsable del tratamiento no establecido en la Unión, como en una misión diplomática u oficina consular de un Estado miembro.
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Question: ¿Qué normas corporativas se aprueban vinculantes de conformidad con el artículo 47?
Answer: Normas corporativas vinculantes de conformidad con lo dispuesto en el artículo 47
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Question: How does the text describe the impact of data portability rights on other rights?
Answer: The rights are not negatively affected by Article 4.
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Question: According to the text, what is the primary responsibility of the delegated data protection representative?
Answer: The primary responsibility is to ensure that the data protection representative participates appropriately and promptly in all issues related to personal data protection.
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Question: How do control authorities ensure they are fully equipped to perform their functions?
Answer: Each State Member guarantees that control authorities have sufficient human, technical, and financial resources, as well as local and infrastructure necessary for compliance.
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Question: What legal provisions must be notified to the Commission by each State Member after May 25, 2018, for legislative changes related to data treatment?
Answer: Cada Estado Member notificará a la Comisión las disposiciones legislativas que adopte de conformidad con el apartado 2 y, sin dilación, cualquier modificación posterior de las mismas.
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Question: How does profiling treatment affect the applicability of the Union's rights?
Answer: Profiling treatments are restricted by the GDPR and other regulations, affecting rights such as the right to protection from discrimination, privacy, and the right to be informed about decisions based on profiling.
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Question: According to the text, under what conditions can a single data protection representative be designated?
Answer: A single representative can be designated if it is easily accessible from each establishment, allowing for streamlined management.
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Question: According to the text, what is the responsibility of the treatment provider regarding the disclosure of treatment information?
Answer: The responsibility is to inform the interested party about the existence of the treatment operation and its purposes, provide necessary complementary information, and inform about data profiling and its consequences.
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Question: What are the main responsibilities of the responsible party under Article 25?
Answer: Apply appropriate technical and organizational measures to ensure that only necessary personal data is used for specific treatment purposes, ensuring data minimization and integration of necessary guarantees to comply with the Reglamento.
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Question: How does the Reglamento address the treatment of personal data by private organizations?
Answer: The Reglamento allows for states to introduce more specific provisions to adapt the application of the regulations to their constitutional structures, allowing for more tailored regulations for the treatment of personal data under specific fines.
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Question: According to the text, under which condition is the application of the Reglamento not applicable?
Answer: b) when carried out by individuals exercising personal or domestic activities.
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Question: According to Article 87, what specific conditions can be applied for the treatment of national identification numbers?
Answer: Los Estados miembros podrán determinar adicionalmente las condiciones específicas para el tratamiento de un número nacional de identificación o cualquier otro medio de identificación de carácter general.
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Question: ¿Qué implica el consentimiento del interesado en el tratamiento de datos personales?
Answer: El consentimiento del interesado es toda manifestación de voluntad libre, específica, informada e inequívoca por la que el interesado acepta, ya sea mediante una declaración o una clara acción afirmativa, el tratamiento de datos personales que le conciernen.
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Question: ¿De qué tipo de datos personales puede recibir una autoridad pública si se trata de una investigación de conformidad con el Derecho de la Unión o de los Estados miembros?
Answer: Datos personales pueden recibir datos personales en el marco de una investigación concreta de conformidad con el Derecho de la Unión o de los Estados miembros, el tratamiento de tales datos por dichas autoridades públicas será conforme con las normas en materia de protección de datos aplicables a los fines del tratamiento.
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Question: What rights are covered under Article 15 for accessing personal data?
Answer: The rights include access to the purpose of treatment, categories of personal data, recipients, and the duration of retention or criteria for retention.
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Question: How should the responsibility of verifying identity be handled?
Answer: The responsibility is to use reasonable measures to verify identity, ensuring data are only retained for necessary purposes and not for mere response to requests.
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Question: What role does the text assign to the control authority in cases of cross-state impact?
Answer: The control authority can participate in joint operations and respond promptly to requests for participation.
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Question: Menciona una medida específica para mitigar riesgos en el contexto de la protección de datos.
Answer: La seudonimización o la reducción al máximo el tratamiento de datos personales, permitiendo a los interesados supervisar el tratamiento y al responsable del tratamiento crear y mejorar elementos de seguridad.
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Question: What are the main responsibilities of the 'Responsable del tratamiento' as outlined in the text?
Answer: The 'Responsable del tratamiento' is responsible for ensuring compliance with regulations, applying appropriate technical and organizational measures to guarantee treatment conformity, and reviewing and updating these measures as necessary.
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Question: What is the purpose of the Directive 95/46/CE as per the text?
Answer: To harmonize the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms regarding personal data treatment and free movement within EU member states.
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Question: What rights are protected under Article 82 of the regulation?
Answer: The right to indemnification and responsibility for damages and perjuicios caused by the treatment under the regulation.
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Question: How are administrative fines typically determined?
Answer: Administrative fines are determined based on various factors including the nature, gravity, and duration of the infringement, the number of affected parties, and the measures taken to mitigate damages.
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Question: How does the 'mutual assistance' process ensure effective cooperation between control authorities?
Answer: The mutual assistance process involves providing necessary information and assistance, covering requests for information and control measures, and ensuring timely responses within a month, including sharing relevant data and information.
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Question: ¿Qué ocurre si la autoridad de control no sigue el dictamen del Comité en los casos mencionados?
Answer: En tal caso, cualquier autoridad de control interesada, o la Comisión, lo pondrá en conocimiento del Comité.
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Question: ¿Qué permite realizar una transferencia de datos personales a un tercer país cuando la Comisión garantiza un nivel de protección adecuado?
Answer: Podrá realizarse una transferencia de datos personales a un tercer país u organización internacional cuando la Comisión haya decidido que el tercer país, un territorio o uno o varios sectores específicos de ese tercer país, o la organización internacional de que se trate garantizan un nivel de protección adecuado. Dicha transferencia no requerirá ninguna autorización específica.
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Question: Según el texto, ¿qué autoridad independiente se establece para supervisar la aplicación del Reglamento en la Unión?
Answer: Cada Estado miembro establece una o varias autoridades públicas independientes (en adelante 'autoridad de control') para supervisar la aplicación del Reglamento.
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Question: ¿Para qué sirve el artículo 46, apartado 3 en el contexto mencionado?
Answer: Para aprobar normas corporativas vinculantes de conformidad con el artículo 47
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Question: In the context of the single window mechanism, which authority is primarily responsible when the project is handled by public authorities or private entities in public interest?
Answer: The single authority of control competent to exercise the powers conferred under the Reglamento should be the authority of control of the Member State where the public authority or private entity are established.
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Question: ¿Qué garantiza la confidencialidad, integridad, disponibilidad y resiliencia permanentes de los sistemas y servicios de tratamiento?
Answer: La capacidad de garantizar la confidencialidad, integridad, disponibilidad y resiliencia permanentes de los sistemas y servicios de tratamiento.
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Question: ¿Qué papel juega el Comité en la aplicación del mecanismo de coherencia?
Answer: El Comité debe emitir un dictamen vinculante en casos de conflicto de opiniones, especialmente en conflictos sobre la aplicación del Reglamento, y puede ser vinculante por mayoría de dos tercios de sus miembros.
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Question: What role does the delegado de protección de datos play in the oversight of data treatment operations?
Answer: The delegado de protección de datos facilitates the oversight of data treatment operations by ensuring compliance with data protection regulations.
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Question: What is mentioned regarding the treatment of special categories of personal data in the context of public interest?
Answer: The text states that these categories should be protected under special protection when used for public interest, ensuring compliance with regulations like the GDPR.
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Question: What measures are taken to ensure a lawful and equitable treatment?
Answer: The measures include considering relationships between the purposes for which personal data were collected and the treatment purposes, the context of data collection, the nature of personal data, possible consequences for interested parties, and the existence of adequate guarantees like encryption or pseudonymization.
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Question: Según el texto, ¿qué derecho se menciona como vulnerable cuando se considera que se arreglan con el Reglamento o en caso de no respuesta de la autoridad de control?
Answer: Se vulneran los derechos reconocidos por el presente Reglamento al arreglarlos o en caso de que la autoridad de control no responda a una reclamación.
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Question: What role do conventions like collective agreements play in personal data treatment?
Answer: Conventions such as collective agreements can establish specific rules regarding personal data treatment in employment, focusing on consent, contractual purposes, and ensuring compliance with labor laws and safety standards.
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Question: What is the responsibility of the delegado de protección de datos regarding the management of specialized knowledge?
Answer: The delegado de protección de datos is responsible for maintaining the specialization of knowledge and ensuring its proper use in data treatment.
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Question: ¿Qué se requiere para que el consentimiento sea válido según el texto?
Answer: El consentimiento debe darse mediante un acto afirmativo claro que refleje una manifestación de voluntad libre, específica, informada, inequívoca del interesado de aceptar el tratamiento de datos de carácter personal que le conciernen, como una declaración por escrito, inclusive por medios electrónicos, o una declaración verbal.
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Question: ¿A qué artículo se refiere la acreditación de organismos de certificación mencionado en el texto?
Answer: Arreglo al artículo 43
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Question: ¿Cuál es el propósito principal del derecho de supresión en el ámbito digital?
Answer: Reforzar el derecho al olvido y garantizar el control sobre los datos personales.
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Question: Según el texto, ¿cuándo se considera que una autoridad de control interesada es competente para el establecimiento principal?
Answer: Cuando una autoridad de control interesada no solicite dictamen al Comité en los casos contemplados en el artículo 64, apartado 1, o no siga el dictamen del Comité emitido en virtud del artículo 64. En tal caso, cualquier autoridad de control interesada, o la Comisión, lo pondrá en conocimiento del Comité.
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