url stringlengths 13 2.83k | date timestamp[s] | file_path stringlengths 109 155 | language_score float64 0.65 1 | token_count int64 32 122k | dump stringclasses 96 values | global_id stringlengths 39 46 | lang stringclasses 1 value | text stringlengths 114 554k | domain stringclasses 2 values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
https://www.thecamx.org/2023/05/camx-press-releases/camx-announces-general-session-presenter-ret-nasa-astronaut-joan-higginbotham/ | 2024-04-13T19:54:02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816832.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413180040-20240413210040-00238.warc.gz | 0.922021 | 417 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__16244311 | en | Monday, May 22, 2023, DIAMOND BAR, CA – CAMX – the Composites and Advanced Materials Expo organizers announced that Joan Higginbotham, former NASA astronaut and president of Joan Higginbotham Ad Astra, LLC, will be this year’s keynote speaker. Registration for CAMX 2023 is open now, and all registered attendees are invited to attend the keynote presentation.
Date: Tuesday, October 31, 2023
Time: 8:30 am – 10:00 am EST
Location: Georgia World Congress Center, Georgia Ballroom (Building C, Level 3)
A retired NASA astronaut, Joan Higginbotham is an electrical engineer who, in 2006, flew aboard Space Shuttle Discovery to become the third African American woman to travel into space. Higginbotham has had a storied career, serving as director of open innovation at Collins Aerospace, sourcing cutting-edge technologies to close current technology gaps and meet future technology needs. Prior to that role, Higginbotham managed relationships with governmental agencies and public and private companies involved in human space exploration and served as director of corporate social responsibility. Preceding her time at Collins Aerospace, she held multiple director positions at Lowe’s Companies, Inc., leading their community relations, supplier diversity, and global sourcing efforts. In April 2022, she launched her own aerospace consulting firm, Joan Higginbotham Ad Astra LLC.
CAMX 2023 Steering Committee Chair Eric Smith said, “Having Joan Higginbotham standing on our stage is indicative of the strength of the CAMX brand and will appeal to the intellectual curiosity of our audience. I look forward to learning how Higginbotham’s journey can inspire our audience to do great things.”
CAMX brings together all aspects of the world’s composites and advanced materials communities for one all-encompassing event. It is where the industry meets to do business and discover the latest in products, solutions, and advanced industry technology. | aerospace |
http://www.al-nasir.com/www/PVA/Library/AviationArt/ | 2021-10-25T10:28:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323587659.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20211025092203-20211025122203-00394.warc.gz | 0.810185 | 128 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__18801211 | en | Send this Page...
| Aviation Art Gallery - S.M.A. Hussaini's Air Warriors
A PAF F-16
Ready for Take-Off, © S M A Hussaini
WARRIORS - 50 YEARS of the PAKISTAN AIR FORCE 1947-1997
Ferozsons, Pvt of Pakistan
S M A
Hussaini (The Official PAF Artist)
comprehensive collection of Aviation Artwork commemorating 50 years of
the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) which had formed in 1947 the following
day after Pakistan's Independence from India. | aerospace |
https://www.socialpost.news/the-origin-of-the-madrid-meteorite-has-been-determined-the-fireball-over-the-spanish-capital-was-part-of-the-comet/ | 2023-06-08T09:19:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224654606.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20230608071820-20230608101820-00070.warc.gz | 0.936438 | 663 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__275006198 | en | The fiery end: On July 31, 2022, a bright fireball erupted in the Spanish capital of Madrid and burned up in the atmosphere. Now astronomers have traced the path of this meteorite to its origin. So the 10-centimeter segment was part of Comet 169P/NEAT, which passed the closest point in its orbit around the Sun on August 11, 2022. More meteors could come from it in the future.
if comets When it reaches the inner solar system, it springs to life: heat and radiation from the ice of our central star, volatile compounds, and creates the typical comet’s tail. But the solar effect can also bigger pieces Blast a comet or even blow it up completely decay to let go. If Earth passed through this debris, it could race through the atmosphere as particularly large and bright meteors.
Fireball over Madrid
This is exactly what was observed at the 31st concert 2022 in the Spanish capital, Madrid. A bright fireball erupted about 100 kilometers above Madrid and shot through the atmosphere to the northeast. The piece, which is probably only about ten centimeters in size, then burned up over Guadalajara province at an altitude of about 77 kilometers – without consequences and completely harmless.
The meteor’s flight was recorded by a number of terrestrial sky cameras, including one from the European Space Agency (ESA) in Sibreros, Spain, and the Southwest European Meteorite Network (SWEMN). This has allowed astronomers to reconstruct the path and origin of the “Madrid meteorite” from the images.
Part of comet 169P / NEAT
Analysis indicated that the fireball was most likely part of comet 169P/NEAT. This very short-period comet orbits the sun in a highly elliptical orbit, taking 1,540 days to complete one orbit. On its path, it crosses the orbits of Venus and the Earth, and therefore it is considered a near-Earth object. However, a comet never gets closer to Earth than 0.14 AU – about one-tenth of the distance between the Sun and Earth.
According to astronomers, Comet 169P/NEAT broke apart about 3,500 to 5,000 years ago, losing about half of its original mass in the process. Most of the broken part collapsed into a cloud of dust and smaller pieces. As this debris cloud follows a path that brushes Earth’s orbit, it creates sparse meteor showers yet – Alpha Capricornids. According to the analyzes, the Madrid meteorite was also part of this shower.
So far, the Earth is only moving through the thin edge region of this meteor shower. But in about 200 years, the cloud of cometary debris could have moved so far that our planet would pass through it at its densest point. Then the Alpha Capricornids could become the brightest and densest meteor of the year.
Source: European Space Agency (ESA)
“Total coffee aficionado. Travel buff. Music ninja. Bacon nerd. Beeraholic.”
These five traits are actually toxic!
Invasive species and climate change are blighting Lake Constance – Vorarlberg –
Poll: Satisfaction with life is highest in Hamburg | aerospace |
https://www.bellanaija.com/2015/11/virgin-atlantic-airways-has-no-plans-to-pull-out-of-lagos-route/ | 2019-04-25T14:02:24 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578721468.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20190425134058-20190425160058-00350.warc.gz | 0.938659 | 245 | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__216502161 | en | With the recent retrenchment of Lagos-based cabin crew and the closing of the Nigeria call centre months ago, major speculation that Virgin Atlantic Airways planned to abandon the Lagos-London route have been swirling.
The airline has officially responded to the rumours.
Marketing and Communications Manager, Kudirat Scott-Igbene explains;
Virgin Atlantic Airways has no plans to pull out of Lagos route, we are committed to continue delivering the experience our customers love whether they are flying for business or leisure.
We have decided that we will no longer have crew based in Lagos. This is by no means a reflection on our Lagos based cabin crew, the primary purpose of our locally based cabin crew has been to provide cultural expertise, and customer feedback has shown us that this is no longer a requirement on the Lagos route. The additional complexity required to operate an international crew base where there are no foreign language requirement means it is no longer sustainable going forward.
This announcement has no impact on our flying programme and we plan to continue flights between Lagos and London. After 14 years flying the route we remain committed to servicing the Nigerian people, whether it be for business, family or education. | aerospace |
https://majesticair.co.za/ | 2023-12-02T20:55:26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100452.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202203800-20231202233800-00356.warc.gz | 0.928572 | 456 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__211409221 | en | Welcome to Majestic Air
Majestic Air is owned by David Maree, who as a business man and commercial pilot has used aircraft for business travel within South Africa and out neighbour countries. He has personal experience of the practical and cost effective benefits of the use of aircraft as an alternative to travel by car and train. Majestic Air is operated by Multimedia Entertainment Group Air (PTY) Ltd) trading as MEGA Air as Air Charter & schedule Company in South Africa. The Company was established in the year 2004. Our aircraft are capable of operating too many smaller or rural airports where scheduled services are not able to.
Request a quote
The most valuable commodity in any business is time – but how many hours are wasted hours at busy, crowded airports, waiting for commercial flights?
With MAJESTIC Air Charter’s exclusive corporate charter services, you set your itinerary free of delays and inconvenience.
Corporate charter flights ensure your business is the priority. Your requirements set the travel agenda, not those of the mass airlines. From the moment your staff contact the dedicated MAJESTIC Air Charter operations centre, our expert flight managers will review your desired itinerary, select the most suitable aircraft based on your requirements, the number of passengers accompanying you and the luxury services desired. .
MAJESTIC AIR Charter can provide a wide selection of aircraft to accommodate groups of any size. Whether you are involved in organising an incentive trip, launching a new product or arranging travel for a corporate hospitality event, our highly experienced charter professionals can arrange every detail of you corporate group charter.
MAJESTIC AIR provides the finest, top-quality exclusive VIP charter services available today. Whether you require a VIP private plane or helicopter, MAJESTIC AIR team of highly trained and experienced charter personnel will arrange every aspect of your trip to the very last detail, delivering everything you need and expect from an exclusive VIP charter operator.
If you’re a sporting event enthusiast, MAJESTIC AIR can expertly arrange travel for you and your passengers to world-wide sporting events via Private Jet, aircraft or Helicopter charter that will make your trip luxurious and comfortable. With a private charter, sporting events across the globe are at your disposal. | aerospace |
https://finance.nine.com.au/business-news/qatar-airways-look-to-buy-airbus/6256d465-d225-496f-b203-924d92844eca | 2021-10-17T01:28:06 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585045.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20211016231019-20211017021019-00716.warc.gz | 0.958304 | 296 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__181150177 | en | Qatar Airways is looking to order another 10 to 15 Airbus A330s before the Paris air show in June and might also confirm options on Boeing's 787, the Gulf carrier's chief says.
"We are talking to Airbus for extra A330s," Akbar al-Baker told reporters in Dubai on Monday, saying he hoped to reach agreement before the air show which opens June 17.
But he said the European manufacturer will have to "sharpen their pencils," adding that those planes would fill the gap caused by the delay in Boeing's 787 Dreamliners.
Baker also said that his fast growing carrier "will not cancel the Dreamliners" adding that Qatar Airways might order additional units.
"On the contrary, we may order additional Dreamliners because we have purchase rights for another 30," he said.
Qatar Airways resumed operations on one of its five Dreamliners om May 1, he said, following the grounding of all 787s by the US manufacturer due to electrical problems.
The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other regulators grounded Dreamliners worldwide in mid-January after failures of the lithium-ion batteries caused a fire on a parked plane in Boston and forced the emergency landing of an ANA-operated aircraft in Japan.
Following months of investigation, the FAA last month issued formal approval of Boeing's 787 battery fix, clearing the way for the troubled aircraft to fly again after the prolonged grounding. | aerospace |
http://repository.bilkent.edu.tr/handle/11693/30009 | 2019-09-18T15:58:22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573309.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20190918151927-20190918173927-00323.warc.gz | 0.886516 | 338 | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__123805612 | en | An integrated approach for robust airline scheduling, aircraft fleeting and routing with cruise speed control
Aktürk, M. Selim
Item Usage Stats
MetadataShow full item record
To place emphasis on profound relations among airline schedule planning problems and to mitigate the effect of unexpected delays, we integrate robust schedule design, fleet assignment and aircraft routing problems within a daily planning horizon while passengers’ connection service levels are ensured via chance constraints and maintenance requirements are satisfied. We propose a nonlinear mixed integer programming model. In the objective function, the cost functions due to fuel consumption and CO2 emission cost involve nonlinearity. This nonlinearity is handled by second order conic reformulation. The key contribution of this study is to take into account the cruise time control for the first time in an integrated model of these three stages of airline operations. Changing cruise times of flights in an integrated model enables to construct a schedule to increase utilization of efficient aircraft and even to decrease the total number of aircraft needed while satisfying service level and maintenance requirements for aircraft fleeting and routing. Besides, for the robust schedule design problem, it is possible to improve the solution since a routing decision could eliminate the necessity of inserting idle time or compressing cruise time. In addition, we propose two heuristic methods to solve large size problems faster than the integrated model. Eventually, computational results using real data obtained from a major U.S. carrier are presented to demonstrate potential profitability in applying the proposed solution methods.
KeywordsRobust airline scheduling
Aircraft fleeting and routing
Cruise time controllability
Second order cone programming
HE9780 .G87 2014
Airlines Management Mathematical models. | aerospace |
http://www.companies-reviews.com/review/15377/Singapore-Flying-College/ | 2017-08-22T15:06:49 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886110792.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20170822143101-20170822163101-00209.warc.gz | 0.960332 | 212 | CC-MAIN-2017-34 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-34__0__72868151 | en | Home > > Davidson
Davidson Airlines/Aviation Reviews
Singapore Flying College
Singapore Flying College was established in 1988 with the objective of training Ab-initio pilots to the highest standards. It is a Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) approved Flight Training Organization. Since its inception, the College has produced hundreds of professional pilots.
Related keywords:pilot career. flight training organizationab-initio pilot trainingflying schoolaviation schoolflight schoolaviation academylearn to flypilot training
|Write a Review|
get everything in writing! do not buy into their sales pitch stay away from this company! they tell you anything to get you to sign up and get you in the doo...
Here's my experience with Luxoft Poland. In short - total disappointment. First of all it appeared that everything I was told by Luxoft management about t...
I cannot speak highly enough of the efficiency and professionalism of Two Scots recruitment. I applied for a job with them through Seek, 3 hours later received ... | aerospace |
https://www.builtinaustin.com/2023/08/22/hypergiant-trive-capital-acquisition | 2024-02-25T02:18:12 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474573.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225003942-20240225033942-00559.warc.gz | 0.912549 | 218 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__29775557 | en | Hypergiant Industries Acquired by Trive Capital
Hypergiant, an Austin-based company operating in the defense technology sector, will be acquired by Trive Capital, a Dallas-based private equity firm. The move will bring Hypergiant’s data visualization and actions platform on board to complement the tech of Forward Slope, a Trive portfilio company specializing in surveillance solutions.
Upon its founding in 2018, Hypergiant set out to bring an AI-enabled approach to advanced visual multimodal solutions. Today, the 195-person company serves space, defense and critical infrastructure customers including the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Space Force, Boeing and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
Through the acquisition, the two entities aim to develop next-generation, AI-enabled tech solutions to secure the United States’ defenses systems across all military domains and critical infrastructure, according to a company release. The transaction will help fuel Hypergiant’s next stage of growth. Terms of the deal were not disclosed. | aerospace |
https://webhost.essic.umd.edu/landsat-5-sets-guinness-world-record/ | 2024-03-02T21:33:32 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475897.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302184020-20240302214020-00710.warc.gz | 0.939531 | 723 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__22416361 | en | By Chris Riotta
When the Landsat 5 was launched into orbit in 1984, the Guinness World Records wasn’t exactly in its trajectory.
However, after outliving its three-year design life and delivering high-quality, global data of Earth’s land surface for over 28 years, the satellite wound up breaking a lengthy record to say the least.
NASA was notified by Guinness World Records via email that the Landsat 5 was now the ‘Longest-operating Earth observation satellite’ in history.
The satellite was launched on March 1, 1984 from the Vandenberg Air Force base in Lompoc, CA. Designed and built at the same time as the Landsat 4, it carried the same two instruments as its predecessor: the Multispectral Scanner System and the Thematic Mapper.
The Landsat 5 was then managed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as part of its Landsat program. In its 28 years and 10 months in space, the Landsat completed more than 150,000 orbits around the Earth and sent back more than 2.5 million images of the planet’s surface.
USGS announced on Dec. 21, 2012 that the Landsat 5 would be decommissioned in the following months due to the failure of a redundant gyroscope. The satellite carries three gyroscopes for altitude control, yet only needs two to maintain control. Still, NASA thought it would be best to officially terminate its operations on the Landsat 5 while it still remained functional.
“This is the end of an era for a remarkable satellite,” said Anne Castle, Department of the Interior Assistant Secretary for Water and Science in a press release. “And the fact that it flew for almost three decades is a testament to the NASA engineers who launched it and the USGS team who kept it flying well beyond its expected lifetime.”
The Landsat 5 managed to exceed its lifespan due to the additional fuel it was equipped with. NASA originally equipped the satellite with this extra fuel so the satellite could be retrievable by the space shuttle, but this idea was soon scrapped by NASA engineers.
The Landsat operations were more than lucky to have had the Landsat 5 sustain decades of orbiting through space when the Landsat 6 lost its ability to relay information to the space center.
“Landsat 5 saved the Landsat program.” Said Jim Irons, a Landsat Data Community Mission (LDCM) Scientist. “This satellite’s longevity preserved the Landsat program through the loss of Landsat 6 in 1993, preventing the specter of a data gap before the launch of Landsat 7 in 1999.”
While the Landsat 7 is still operating, NASA has just recently launched the LDCM satellite on Feb. 11, 2013. The satellite carries two new instruments; the Operational Land Imager and the Thermal Infrared Sensor, which will gather information that is compatible with data from Landsat 5 and 7, and improve upon it with advanced instrument designs that are more sensitive to changes to the land surface, said Irons.
After the technologically-advanced LDCM satellite goes through rigorous testing and certified for orbit, it will then be renamed Landsat 8 and will continue the Landsat program’s 40-year data record of monitoring Earth from space. For now, however, the Landsat 5 will remain the satellite in a long line of operations that orbited its way into the Guinness World Records. | aerospace |
https://www.globaltechnologyjobs.com/job-details/senior-industrial-engineer-technical-lead-for-industrial-engineering-standards-development-for-enterprise-industrial-engineering-core/15877084 | 2021-10-17T13:23:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585177.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20211017113503-20211017143503-00166.warc.gz | 0.895685 | 1,000 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__34576082 | en | Miami, United States
Permanent | Full Time
At Boeing, we innovate and collaborate to make the world a better place. From the seabed to outer space, you can contribute to work that matters with a company where diversity, equity and inclusion are shared values. Were committed to fostering an environment for every teammate thats welcoming, respectful and inclusive, with great opportunity for professional growth. Find your future with us.
At Boeing, our Industrial Engineers are leaders in innovation, development, evaluation, and implementation of methods and systems in support of complex manufacturing processes. Our Industrial Engineers have the unique opportunity to support the fabrication and assembly for the next generation Air Force Trainer, bombers and tactical fighter aircraft, autonomous air vehicles, rotorcraft, advanced airborne sensors, space vehicles, satellites, weapons systems, the commercial fleet of single and twin aisle airplanes and much more.
In joining us you will work in a casual but professional environment with multi-disciplined teams of engineers that take pride in developing, integrating, testing and delivering innovative solutions. We offer long-term potential for career growth into both technical leadership and/or management positions and highly value the curiosity, tenacity and imagination our engineers bring to our teams each day.
Join us and you will have the unique opportunity to design, stabilize, improve, and transform production systems and processes to achieve world class operational excellence for some of the worlds most sophisticated aircraft and systems. Come build your career with Boeing!
The Enterprise Industrial Engineering Core team is seeking an experienced industrial engineer to serve as the technical lead, integrator, and program manager to coordinate the development and deployment of industrial engineering standards (methods, tools, process guides, operating procedures, templates) for the industrial engineering function at Boeing. This role will serve as the prime technical focal for industrial engineering standards supporting all Boeing business units and programs for industrial engineering.
If you are interested in viewing all other Industrial Engineering opportunities here at Boeing please follow this link : https://jobs.boeing.com/industrial-engineering-careers
Technical lead position for developing industrial engineering standards (methods, tools, process guides, operating procedures, templates) and deployment to business units.
Develop and manage prioritized list of candidates for standards development in partnership with business units.
Develop and implement process and team structure for standards authoring, publication, configuration management, and maintenance.
Integrates and coordinates with leaders and engineers supporting other Industrial Engineering initiatives (Design Practices, Digital Enterprise / MBE, etc) to ensure alignment and synergy.
Develops and maintains a management information system (metrics development, maintenance, and publication) to track and manage IE standards development and implementation.
Leads coordination with Boeing Leadership, Learning, and Organizational Capability (LLOC) team and business unit industrial engineering representatives to incorporate IE standards into training curriculum as required.
Trains other industrial engineering employees on Industrial Engineering standards adoption and use.
Develops communication plan for industrial engineering standards for industrial engineering function.
Serves as project leader for industrial engineering standards development and deployment including development and maintenance of a detailed, integrated, resource-loaded project plan to describe, track, and manage the statement of work.
Program Management Best Practices application industrial engineering standards statement of work.
This position must meet Export Control compliance requirements, therefore a US Person as defined by 22 C.F.R.§120.15 is required. US Person includes US Citizen, lawful permanent resident, refugee, or asylee
Basic Qualifications (Required Skills/Experience):
Bachelor's, Master's, or Doctorate of Science degree from an accredited course of study in Industrial Engineering or Systems Engineering
Experience developing and maintaining integrated, resource-loaded project plans to describe and manage subject statement of work project content, sequencing, timing / duration, and dependencies.
Experience supporting aerospace manufacturing operations in an industrial engineering lead role utilizing industrial engineering methods, process, and tools.
Preferred Qualifications (Desired Skills/Experience):
Experience documenting and communicating business processes and analytical results.
Typical Education/Experience: Education/experience typically acquired through advanced technical education from an accredited course of study in engineering, computer science, mathematics, physics or chemistry (e.g. Bachelor) and typically 14 or more years' related work experience or an equivalent combination of technical education and experience (e.g. PhD+9 years' related work experience, Master+12 years' related work experience). In the USA, ABET accreditation is the preferred, although not required, accreditation standard
Relocation: This position offers relocation based on candidate eligibility
Boeing is a Drug Free Workplace where post offer applicants and employees are subject to testing for marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, PCP, and alcohol when criteria is met as outlined in our policies.
Shift: This position is for first shift
Union: This is a union represented position
Loading please wait... | aerospace |
https://www.jetpartsengineering.com/blog/what-is-a-pma-part | 2024-02-26T02:11:54 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474649.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225234904-20240226024904-00560.warc.gz | 0.957159 | 1,520 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__131468834 | en | What is a PMA Part?
PMA parts offer several distinct advantages for airlines and MRO providers as opposed to OEMs while remaining functionally identical.
In the aviation industry, maintaining an aircraft is an expensive and critical task. In recent years, the use of Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) parts versus Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA) parts has been an ongoing debate amongst aircraft owners who seek MRO (Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul) services. While OEM parts have historically dominated the industry, PMA parts are becoming increasingly desired for MRO solutions due to their cost-saving abilities and uncompromised quality compared to OEMs. This is especially important during a time in which global travel demand is booming post covid. Currently, PMA part sales are estimated to make up less than 2% of the total spend on aircraft maintenance.
PMA parts are aircraft parts which are designed to be functionally equivalent alternatives to OEM parts, offering compatibility and performance that meets or exceeds the original specifications. Since they are not made by the original manufacturer, PMA parts go through a rigorous reverse engineering and approval process that ensures they meet the exact same safety, performance, and quality standards that are set for OEM parts. This approval process is overseen by the Federal Aviation Agency (FAA). In this approval process, PMA companies such as Jet Parts Engineering provide evidence to the FAA that their replacement parts meet all of the required regulations and that they have a system in place to ensure that future production quality is maintained. Once approved, these PMA parts can then be distributed to airlines and MRO providers. All approved parts are gathered in the FAA PMA database (called the Dynamic Regulatory System), which can be found on their website by following this link. This PMA database features over 1,500,000 current and historical PMA parts which allows the user to filter by various categories such as part number, PMA holder name, part name, make, and more.
Although FAA PMA parts fit and function in the same way as OEM parts, they offer several distinct advantages for airlines and MRO providers. As mentioned earlier, one of these advantages is reduced cost. It is estimated that maintenance accounts for around 5-15% of an airline’s total operating cost, making cost reduction a significant benefit of using PMA parts. While this was traditionally the biggest driver of PMA conversions, PMA parts have more recently been sought out to address supply chain delays. The aviation industry relies heavily on the timely availability of parts and components; OEM providers, however, have struggled to keep up due to the recent supply chain issues that have increased since the pandemic. PMA providers can capitalize on this, as they are typically more flexible when it comes to supply chain management. OEM supply is often more limited, so customers in need of MRO services turn to trustworthy PMA providers like Jet Parts Engineering. This helps make the repair process run as smoothly as possible. Since PMA parts are cheaper and more readily available, there is a common misunderstanding in the industry that these parts are “knockoffs” and are therefore lower in quality when compared to OEM parts. This could not be further from the truth, as PMAs are held to the exact same FAA regulations and standards as OEMs. The differences in performance are indistinguishable. The utilization of FAA PMA parts enables customers to navigate supply chain challenges resulting in more efficient aircraft maintenance operations, all at a discounted price.
Jet Parts Engineering (JPE), a Seattle based company which was founded in 1994, is one of the leading PMA part suppliers in the industry. The company has over 1,400 PMA parts in its catalog available for purchase, all of which have been meticulously reverse engineered and have received airworthiness certifications from the FAA. In addition to an extensive catalog, JPE also partners with airlines and MROs who need a replacement part that is not part of their current inventory. Due to the company’s strong affiliation with the FAA, JPE can develop and certify these parts more efficiently. Jet Parts Engineering understands the challenges faced by customers in the aviation industry, particularly in terms of cost management and the timely availability of parts. This is why the company was founded under the principles of making aircraft maintenance more affordable and working in conjunction with customers to fulfill their requests. The team at Jet Parts Engineering is filled with some of the brightest minds in the industry who have extensive experience with parts and repairs in most aircraft systems from nose-to-tail and have developed a strong reputation for delivering exceptional products with unbeatable service.
The engineers at JPE consistently strive to exceed industry standards delivering top quality parts that often surpass those produced by OEMs. They carry expertise in various disciplines such as 3D CAD design, laboratory testing, metallurgy, and advanced manufacturing technologies. With a commitment to innovation, the team is continually evolving to incorporate the latest materials, processes, and manufacturing techniques. The company’s extensive product line features a wide variety of PMA parts that cover a full range of ATA chapters - including pneumatics, avionics, hydraulics, fuel, oil, electrical, and more. JPE supplies components that fit various systems and structures, including pumps, generators, valves, actuators, engines, thrust reversers, engine cowls, APU's, airframes, control surfaces, landing gears, etc. Their wide range of parts cater to commercial aircraft from smaller regional jets to super jumbos like the A380 and B747.
The company prioritizes making the purchasing process as easy as possible for its customers. By providing an easy-to-use ecommerce portal found on the website, customers are given immediate access to pricing, availability, and technical information of the desired FAA PMA parts, while enjoying the convenience of effortless order placement and tracking. Furthermore, JPE puts a strong emphasis on customer service, ensuring all orders of parts in stock are provided within 3 days. This quick turnaround time allows airlines and MRO providers to minimize downtime and efficiently carry out necessary maintenance and repairs.
There are several notable trends that consumers can expect to see in the future of the MRO industry. It is expected that the annual growth rate of the PMA market will continue in double-digits, exceeding that of the MRO market. The increased acceptance of FAA PMA parts by airlines helps ensure a competitive market by preventing OEMs from monopolizing and price gouging the industry. However, despite the progress, there are still factors limiting full widespread acceptance. One major challenge is that aircraft financiers often restrict aircraft operators from using PMA parts due to concern that they might reduce the resell value of the aircraft. Additionally, there are still outdated perceptions associated with PMA parts regarding false narratives of lesser quality, support, and warranty coverage. These misconceptions prevent potential airlines from realizing the benefits of availability and reduced maintenance costs that PMA parts offer.
As the PMA market continues to grow, Jet Parts Engineering is ready to help. With its experienced team, innovative problem solving, and high-quality parts, JPE is committed to making aircraft maintenance more affordable and efficient for its clients worldwide. While there are some factors that limit total acceptance, Jet Parts Engineering continuously disproves misconceptions regarding differential quality between OEM and PMA parts. As airlines and MRO providers look to navigate the ever-evolving landscape of aircraft maintenance, Jet Parts Engineering stands out as a leading PMA part provider in the industry. | aerospace |
https://www.pdas.com/wavedrag.html | 2023-06-01T09:05:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224647639.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20230601074606-20230601104606-00125.warc.gz | 0.95507 | 401 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__287285813 | en | The classic NASA program for computing zero lift wave drag of an arbitrary airplane configuration has been adapted to run on the PC. The source code (public domain) is included in this collection of aeronautical software.
The concept known as the area rule is one of the great success stories of airplane design. The area rule says very simply that the transonic wave drag of an aircraft is essentially the same as the wave drag of an equivalent body of revolution having the same cross-sectional area distribution as the aircraft. This fact, coupled with the knowledge of the shape that minimizes drag shows designers how to reshape the fuselage and other components of an airplane to reduce the drag of the total configuration.
Since the rule was formulated, and verified experimentally, attempts have been made to estimate aircraft wave drag by a theoretical analysis of the equivalent-body area distributions. It has been found that reasonably good wave drag estimates can be made near a Mach Number of 1 if the slender-body-theory is applied to the aircraft area distribution. Numerous theoretical and experimental investigations have shown that the fuselage and other components of an airplane can be reshaped in a way that will reduce the wave drag of the total configuration. A typical configuration will frequently have a fuselage with a local minimum of area near the middle of its length, sometimes referred to as "coke-bottling".
The transonic area rule was considered so valuable that attempts were quickly made to extend the results to higher Mach numbers. This theoretical effort culminated in the development of the so-called Supersonic Area Rule, which is more complicated than the transonic rule.
This procedure can be extended to higher Mach numbers with good accuracy by using the supersonic area rule to determine the equivalent-body area distributions. The area distribution for the transonic area rule can be developed with drafting techniques. The supersonic area rule depends on computing areas intercepted by oblique cuts through a configurations and requires a considerable amount of computational geometry. | aerospace |
https://meanie.me/news/delta-air-lines-starts-flying-from-stockholm-to-new-york | 2023-11-29T06:37:22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100056.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129041834-20231129071834-00050.warc.gz | 0.909482 | 199 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__248639377 | en | Delta Air Lines starts flying from Stockholm to New York
Delta Air Lines (member of SkyTeam alliance) is starting new regular non-stop service from Stockholm Arlanda airport (ARN) to USA New York JFK airport.
The first flight will take off on May 28th offering three cabin choices: Delta One, Delta Comfort+ and Main cabin.
Flight DL 203 is operated on Boeing 757-200 and takes about 9 hours to reach destination. Economy fare includes dinner service and 1 piece of free checked in baggage. It also promises Wi-Fi on board.
The cheapest return ticket with Delta Air Lines is currently available for approx. 410 euros, which is a very competitive offer, especially considering that SAS flight from Stockholm to Newark Liberty International Airport starts at 700 euros.
Business class tickets with Delta Air Lines are currently more expensive than SAS, reaching almost 4800 euros compared to SAS 3600 euros. And SAS renovated business class cabin is arguably one of the best ones. | aerospace |
https://www.kplctv.com/2021/08/05/spirit-airlines-cancels-more-flights-problems-stretch-into-5th-day/ | 2021-09-17T08:12:15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780055601.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20210917055515-20210917085515-00199.warc.gz | 0.932562 | 149 | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__242642776 | en | Spirit Airlines cancels more flights as problems stretch into 5th day
(CNN) - Problems persist for Spirit Airlines as the budget carrier canceled another 360 flights on Thursday.
According to FlightAware, that’s more than 45% of its total schedule.
The low-cost carrier has canceled or delayed hundreds of flights since Aug. 1, stranding passengers around the country due to weather, technology outages and staffing shortages.
According to the Department of Transportation, travelers whose flights have been canceled are due a refund.
FlightAware notes right now Spirit’s cancellations account for more than 80% of all flight cancellations in the U.S.
Copyright 2021 CNN Newsource. All rights reserved. | aerospace |
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors/special_issues/space_sensors | 2014-08-28T07:06:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500830323.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021350-00223-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.855037 | 385 | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-35__0__94723569 | en | Special Issue "Photonic Sensors in Space"
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2009)
Prof. Dr. Caterina Ciminelli
Optoelectronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento di Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica, Via Re David, 200 70125 Bari, Italy
Phone: +39 08 0596 3404
Fax: +39 08 0596 3610
Interests: optoelectronic devices; photonic devices; optical devices; microelectronics; nanoelectronics
The rapid growth and implementation of photonic devices in both civil and military systems have reached the stage of applications of the technology in the space.
Photonics has many already perceived benefits for applications in space, such us small size, light weight, high resolution, electromagnetic interference immunity, capability of operating in harsh environment, multiplexing capability, potentially low cost.
Among photonic devices, sensors have been extensively studied in the last decades for different application fields, with different geometrical configurations, materials and detection schemes, resulting in a large number of designs and a wide range of performance.
Specific requirements from the space application field is pushing the development of new photonic sensors to be used on-board, e.g. for structural monitoring of space vehicles, for detection of chemical and biological substances, for high resolution inertial systems, also integrating the sensing systems to the optical communication networks with consequent advantage of using the optical transmission circuits as monitoring ad diagnostic media.
This special issue focuses on photonic sensors for space applications, with the aim of providing research advances on the potential of the sensors to the space field.
- photonic sensors
- fiber optic sensors
- sensor arrays
- IR sensors
- chemical detection
- biological detection
- inertial platform
Last update: 4 March 2014 | aerospace |
https://www.engineering.iastate.edu/research/boeing-undergraduate-research-excellence-in-engineering-program-application/ | 2022-05-19T01:56:58 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662522741.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220519010618-20220519040618-00326.warc.gz | 0.929309 | 265 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__295587370 | en | The Boeing Undergraduate Research Excellence in Engineering Program provides students in the College of Engineering with an opportunity to conduct exciting research in cutting edge topics applicable to the Boeing Company. Potential research areas include aerospace engineering, cyber security, real time embedded and autonomous systems, software engineering, artificial intelligence and machine learning, advanced material and manufacturing, design for X, air traffic management, production system design, and many more.
Students accepted into this competitive two-semester program will be designated as Boeing Research Fellows and matched with an ISU faculty member (and a Boeing Company mentor) to define and lead the research. Boeing Research Fellows will be paid hourly for their work in the faculty member’s research lab and may also apply for a summer internship at a Boeing location working in the same technical field. Boeing Research Fellows also will participate in group experiences in the Student Innovation Center and receive training on creativity, research ethics, intellectual property and principles and practices at Iowa State University. Boeing Research Fellows will participate in research presentation each semester and submit a brief project report at the conclusion of the project.
Approximately 12-15 students will be selected this spring/summer and then work will be performed in the research labs during the fall 2022 and spring 2023 semesters.
Application deadline is April 6, 2022. | aerospace |
https://idstch.com/military/air/revolutionizing-air-mobility-how-darpa-sprint-is-developing-fast-runway-independent-aircraft-to-expand-military-capabilities/ | 2023-09-29T17:28:32 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510520.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20230929154432-20230929184432-00180.warc.gz | 0.921951 | 1,683 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__9521382 | en | Airplanes have revolutionized long-distance transportation allowing people to cross continents and oceans quickly, safely, and relatively cheaply. They have changed the meaning of warfare and were an important stepping stone into space. However, conventional aircraft require long runways for both take-off and landing are classified as CTOL ( Conventional Take-off or Landing).
Sometimes long runways aren’t available to use and there is a need for an aircraft to use short or no runways at all. Vertical take-off and landing VTOL technology means aircraft can theoretically take off and land almost anywhere, making them far more flexible. They’re also able to perform various manoeuvres not possible with a conventional plane; a significant advantage for aircraft in combat situations. What’s more, VTOL aircraft, such as drones, that use electric motors are more energy efficient than those using jet engines.
Runway independent aircraft (RIA)
Runway independent aircraft (RIA) are aircraft that are capable of taking off and landing without the need for a traditional runway, using techniques such as vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) or short takeoff and landing (STOL).
Vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft include fixed-wing aircraft that can hover, take off and land vertically, as well as helicopters and other aircraft with powered rotors, such as tiltrotors. The helicopter’s spinning rotors create thrust like a large propeller that is directed vertically, enabling it to lift off. While in flight, a slight tilt in the desired direction pushes some of the aircraft’s thrust and sends the craft forward.
For deeper understanding of STL/VTOL technology and applications please visit: Vertical Take-off and Landing (VTOL) Aviation: Soaring Beyond Horizons
The development and use of RIA pose several requirement challenges, including:
- Safety: RIA technology requires a high degree of safety due to the lack of runway infrastructure. This includes the development of reliable propulsion systems, advanced avionics, and collision avoidance systems.
- Efficiency: RIA must be efficient in terms of fuel consumption and performance to ensure their viability for commercial use. This involves designing aircraft with lightweight materials, advanced aerodynamics, and efficient power plants.
- Infrastructure: RIA require specific infrastructure such as landing pads, maintenance facilities, and navigation systems. These will need to be developed and maintained to support RIA operations.
- Regulatory frameworks: The development of RIA requires a regulatory framework that addresses safety, certification, and operational requirements. This will require the involvement of national and international regulatory agencies.
- Cost: RIA technology is still relatively new and developing the technology requires significant investment. The cost of producing RIA will need to be reduced to make it commercially viable.
- Noise: Some types of RIA, such as VTOL aircraft, can produce significant noise pollution. This can be a challenge in urban environments where noise restrictions are in place.
- Pilot training: Pilots will require specialized training to operate RIA due to the unique flight characteristics and technology involved.
Overall, the development and use of RIA pose several requirement challenges that must be addressed to ensure their safe and efficient operation. However, the potential benefits of RIA, such as increased mobility and reduced congestion, make it an area of significant interest and investment for the aviation industry.
DARPA SPRINT Program
DARPA announced an initiative called SPRINT (SPeed and Runway INdependent Technologies) in March 2023, inviting designers to develop aircraft that can fly fast and take off and land without the need for runways. The agency aims to have a demonstration flight within 42 months. SPRINT seeks to create an aircraft capable of cruising at 400 knots (460 mph), faster than Black Hawk helicopters but slower than an F-16 fighter jet. The aircraft should also be able to hover in austere environments like fields or deserts.
The SPRINT X-Plane project will seek to validate technologies and integrated concepts that can be scaled to different size military aircraft. “The objective of the SPRINT program is to design, build, certify, and fly an X-plane to demonstrate enabling technologies and integrated concepts necessary for a transformational combination of aircraft speed and runway independence for the next generation of air mobility platforms,” explained DARPA’s in an official press release.
Runway independent operations are envisioned as the ability to operate and hover near unprepared surfaces, such as sections of damaged runways, remote highways/roadways, unprepared fields with dry grass, parking lots, etc. Runway independent operations are transient operations not meant for continuous operations in one particular spot. Runway independent operations are still meant to be compatible with personnel operations from or near the aircraft. There is no disk loading, downwash or surface hardness limit set for the proposal.
Technical Objectives and Assumptions
The primary technical objectives of the SPRINT X-Plane Demonstrator are aimed at validating the underlying technologies and integrated concepts through flight demonstration:
- SPRINT X-Plane must demonstrate the ability to cruise ≥ 400 KTAS at a relevant altitude and perform basic forward flight maneuvers in a stable manner.
- SPRINT X-Plane must demonstrate the ability to hover and perform hover maneuvers in a stable manner.
- SPRINT X-Plane must demonstrate the ability to transition between hover, forward flight and high-speed forward flight modes in both directions in a stable manner.
The X-Plane will have the following attributes to assist with sizing and meeting technical objectives:
- Sustained flight speed ≥ 400 KTAS at an altitude between 15,000 and 30,000 feet
- Useful payload of ≥ 1000 lbs. in mainly a single dedicated space reserved for flight test instrumentation/avionics or residual capability
SPRINT X-Plane must demonstrate the ability to generate and distribute power in all modes of flight and during transition between these modes of flight
In addition to basic design and performance information the proposer will further highlight the capabilities of the technologies/integrated concept by discussing the following attributes:
- Short Take-off and Landing Capability – Describe ability to take-off and/or land in 300 feet, describe payload range effects or other relevant performance impacts.
- Runway Independent Operations in Austere Environments – Discuss impact of downwash/outwash and engine exhaust environment on operations in austere environments. Discussion should include vertical take-off, hover operations, personnel deployment from aircraft, personnel on the ground.
- Engine Out Operability – Describe advantages or disadvantages of fundamental technologies or integrated concept to land after a loss of power in a vertical mode of operation.
- Mission Applicability – Describe OS design’s ability to conduct infiltration/exfiltration, agile tactical airlift, and aeromedical evacuation missions from a cargo space viewpoint, (i.e., how do the fundamental technologies or integrated concept impact cargo space available).
- Aerial Refueling – Describe whether the fundamental technologies or integrated concept limit aerial refueling capability and efficiency.
- Maneuverability/Nap of the Earth Controllability – Describe advantages or disadvantages of the fundamental technologies or integrated concept ability to maneuver during slow or hover operations, vertical rate of climb or control during nap-of-the-earth operations (comparison to legacy platforms is useful).
Technologies validated by the X-plane testing can be scaled to different sized military aircraft, allowing them to cruise at over 400 knots and hover in harsh, unprepared spaces.
DARPA TTO is planning a 42-month contract to develop the SPRINT X-Plane demonstrator. The first six months will involve conceptual design and review as well as interface definition. It will be followed by simulation, component and subsystem testing, and planning the production and flight test.
The second phase of the project will cover construction, ground test and certification, and the third phase will involve validation in a flight environment.
Airworthiness certification of the X-Plane will occur in Phase 2; however, design and test planning considerations may be applicable to this BAA. Performers are expected to complete all safety/airworthiness reviews and obtain airworthiness certification prior to first flight | aerospace |
https://www.thewestonmercury.co.uk/news/helicopter-to-stop-in-weston-super-mare-on-round-the-world-trip-1-4985298 | 2020-10-29T02:23:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107902683.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20201029010437-20201029040437-00527.warc.gz | 0.903859 | 163 | CC-MAIN-2020-45 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__100829282 | en | Helicopter to stop in Weston-super-Mare on round-the-world trip
PUBLISHED: 16:00 21 April 2017
A helicopter which is travelling around the world will be touching down at The Helicopter Museum in Weston tomorrow (Saturday).
The helicopter – a Bell 407 – is part of a Russian and Polish crew’s attempt to fly around the world and celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first non-stop helicopter flight across the Atlantic Ocean.
The Bell 407 will be at the museum in Locking Moor Road on Saturday. It will leave on Sunday, when it will fly to Scotland before its trans-Atlantic crossing.
If you value what this story gives you, please consider supporting the Weston Mercury. Click the link in the orange box above for details. | aerospace |
https://www.celebritynetworth.com/articles/billionaire-news/billionaire-roundup-a-space-oddity-man-returns-from-missing-and-pharma-bros-sick-beats/ | 2021-12-04T13:07:48 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964362992.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20211204124328-20211204154328-00627.warc.gz | 0.966849 | 725 | CC-MAIN-2021-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__190890597 | en | It has been a rough start to 2016, people. The stock market is down, investors are freaking out, billionaires are losing money, and rock legends are dying off in droves. It's like God is trying to form His own super group with David Bowie, Lemmy, and Glenn Frey. Never fear, though, the music won't stop because pharma bro Martin Shrkeli has some beats to drop on the world. Also, did last weekend's Space X close but no cigar rocket landing worry Elon Musk? And lastly, news on the latest missing Chinese billionaire.
Pharma Bro's Sick Beats
He's a giver, y'all. Not only does he raise the price of a critical medication for AIDS by 5,000% and hoard Wu Tang albums, he also is about to drop some beats on the world. We're talking about, of course, Martin Shkreli, the former pharma executive who was recently arrested on charges of securities fraud.
Sunday afternoon, Shkreli shared some information via Twitter that is irresistible to us:
I may or may not be dropping a mix tape on Wednesday. #staytuned
11:04 AM – 17 Jan 2016
Don't forget, Shkreli paid more than $2 million for the sole copy of the Wu Tang album Once Upon a Time in Shaolin. Could his mix tape be a mash up of the Tang and Shkreli's DJ stylings? I guess we will have to wait and see.
Elon Musk's Space Oddity
Over the weekend, billionaire Elon Musk's Space X attempted (once again) to launch a rocket and land it at sea. The Falcon 9 rocket blasted off from California's Vandenberg Air Force Base on Sunday. Its mission was to deliver a climate monitoring satellite into orbit and then turn around and land on a platform at sea.
The rocket made it back to the platform successfully… for a moment. The 22-story rocket likely landed too hard, causing one of its legs to break off. The rocket fell on its side and exploded. Sort of like Kerri Strug, the Falcon 9 rocket landed and then was immediately hobbled.
Landing the rocket successfully on the ocean platform would have been a big step forward in Musk's goal to develop an inexpensive, reusable rocket. Two previous attempts at this goal in 2015 were also unsuccessful. Landing at sea is important because it would give Space X the ability to recover rockets that were used on more demanding missions (such as deploying a heavy satellite into orbit) that don't have enough fuel left to return to land.
Sunday's mission was successful in one way. It launched the Jason-2 satellite into orbit. The joint U.S. and European owned, 1,200-pound satellite is the fourth in a series of satellites monitoring the ocean and playing a critical role in monitoring Earth's climate.
The Latest Missing Chinese Billionaire Is Found
Zhou Chengjian is the billionaire founder of one of the biggest fashion brands in China. (Basically the Chinese version of H&M.) He is also the latest billionaire to mysteriously disappear in the midst of the Chinese government's anti-corruption investigation. Now, we've just learned that Zhou is back at work a week after he went missing and his company Metersbonwe suspended trading on the Chinese stock market. No details of his disappearance were released.
Shares of Metersbonwe will remain suspended until at least February 5th, while the company completes an internal investigation. | aerospace |
https://mobilesyrup.com/2020/02/26/canadian-space-agency-moon-contracts/ | 2023-09-27T15:59:07 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510300.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927135227-20230927165227-00061.warc.gz | 0.903647 | 515 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__45943350 | en | The Canadian Space Agency (CSA) announced new funding for small- and medium-sized businesses to contribute technologies to national and international efforts to return to and explore the moon.
In a federal government release, the CSA notes it awarded seven contracts worth a total of $4.36 million to five companies and one university. The funds come from the CSA’s Lunar Exploration Accelerator Program (LEAP), which hopes to prepare Canada’s space sector for humanity’s return to the moon by earmarking $150 million over five years.
Specifically, those funds are destined for small- and medium-sized businesses in Canada that will help develop technologies for use and testing in lunar orbit and on the Moon’s surface. Related fields include artificial intelligence (AI), robotics and health.
In the case of these initial contracts, the companies and the university involved will advance concepts for nano- and micro-rovers, as well as autonomous science instruments.
Full details of the companies and contracts are listed below:
- ABB (Quebec) will receive $693,193 to design, build and test the prototype for an autonomous lunar exploration infrared spectrometer that will remotely measure and study the mineralogical composition of the Moon’s surface.
- Bubble Technology Industries Inc. (Ontario) will receive $698,321 to develop a spectrometer that will autonomously search for hydrogen to indicate the presence of water and ice near the Moon’s surface.
- Canadensys Aerospace Corporation (Ontario) will receive two contracts worth a total of $1,099,366 to develop concept designs, technologies and prototypes for two different classes of small Canadian lunar science rovers – a nano-rover and a micro-rover.
- Magellan Aerospace (Manitoba) will receive $607,258 to develop a lunar impactor probe that will deliver instruments to the surface of the Moon, including sensors to detect water in the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon.
- Mission Control Space Services Inc. (Ontario) will receive $573,829 to advance an Autonomous Soil Assessment System as an AI-based science support tool for rovers navigating on the Moon.
- Western University (Ontario) will receive $690,123 to develop an integrated vision system for surface operations that will be used for identification of the geology of the lunar surface and for rover navigation.
You can learn more about the CSA contracts here. | aerospace |
https://technabob.com/blog/tag/tourbillon/ | 2023-01-31T17:05:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499888.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20230131154832-20230131184832-00319.warc.gz | 0.956128 | 231 | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__112322750 | en | Tourbillon horological machines are quite spectacular at times, and the Swiss manufacturer Romain Jerome has made some incredible ones. Their latest flying tourbillon watch features a unique design with tremendous depth, and looks gorgeous.
I’m for any watch inspired by science-fiction, but you probably wouldn’t have guessed that this awesome tourbillon watch, which costs probably as much as your house got its inspiration from Star Trek: Deep Space Nine.
This week was the 50th anniversary of Russian Yuri Gagarin becoming the first man to ever enter space and orbit the earth. To commemorate the event watch designer Bernhard Lederer has created a limited edition run of 50 platinum cased watches that have design elements that celebrate the first space flight.
Hublot‘s new concept watch, La clé du temps, (The Key of Time), hasn’t yet been made, but it looks like something that would go great with the Batsuit. It’s going to be a limited edition from the Hublot Confrerie Line, so my guess is that it will probably be very expensive. | aerospace |
https://www.amequestionpaper.in/post/fuel-jettison-system | 2021-05-15T20:05:28 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991378.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20210515192444-20210515222444-00576.warc.gz | 0.84889 | 286 | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__197030294 | en | Fuel Jettison System
The fuel jettison system moves fuel overboard to decrease the landing weight. The system only operates in the air.
To operate the system, you set the ARM switch to ARM and the nozzle switches to ON. This opens the isolation valves, puts on the jettison pumps, and opens the jettison nozzles.
The jettison pumps put main tank fuel into the refuel/jettison manifold. The override/jettison pumps put center tank fuel into the fuel feed manifolds, through the isolation valve, and into the refuel/jettison manifold. The fuel goes overboard through the jettison nozzles.
Fuel quantity and jettison time show on EICAS and the fuel synoptic. The jettison system automatically goes off at the maximum landing weight (MLW). You can set the MLW up or down with the FUEL TO REMAIN switch.
The override/jettison and boost pumps put fuel into the engine feed manifold. You open the defuel valve from the refuel panel. Fuel goes through the defuel valve, the refuel/jettison manifold, and the
refuel panel adapters into a ground container.
You use the boost pumps and the defuel, crossfeed, and refuel valves for a tank-to-tank transfer on the ground.
Aircraft Fuel Dumping | aerospace |
http://employmentnewsinfo.blogspot.com/2014/12/aerospace-engineering-career-scope-and.html | 2018-07-19T02:10:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676590443.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20180719012155-20180719032155-00032.warc.gz | 0.882753 | 338 | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__208828253 | en | Aerospace Engineering – Career, Scope and Growth Prospects
What are the Job Opportunities?
As an Aerospace Engineer it is utmost crucial to decide your interest – whether you would be interested in Aeronautical Engineering or Astronautical Engineering. Both the branches have excellent job opportunities.
Job opportunities for these engineers are available in Airlines, Air Force, Corporate Research Companies, Defence Ministry, Helicopter Companies, Aviation Companies, NASA and many others.
Increasing popularity of air travel and space exploration require expertise to design and maintain improvements. Looking at heightening growth rate, the demand for smart and create Aerospace Engineers is only going to increase in the near future.
Some of the top recruiters in this space are Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Defense Research and Development Laboratories (DRDO), Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Civil Aviation Department, Air India, India Space Research Organization (ISRO) and others.
What is the Job Description?
The work profile or duties of an Aerospace Engineer typically involves research, design, construction and maintenance of aircrafts and spacecrafts. An Aerospace Engineer is expected to undertake following duties:
Researching ways to make fuel-efficient parts and engines
Carrying out ground-level flight testing
Collecting and analyzing test data
Estimating project costs and timescales.
What is the Salary Range?
The average salary of an Aerospace Engineer is INR 35, 000 to INR 40,000 per month. The maximum salary offered to an Aerospace Engineer graduated from IITs is INR 15 lakhs per annum (source: www.naukrihub.com) | aerospace |
http://www.asupr.com/asureport/2012/10/luna-series-presents-nasa-speaker/ | 2013-05-25T11:28:37 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368705939136/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516120539-00019-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.920953 | 400 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__96507709 | en | By Danielle Francisco, student intern and contributing writer
Russell Romanella, the director of Safety and Mission Assurance for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), will be the keynote speaker for Augusta State University’s Look Up at Night, Augusta (LUNA) Series being held Friday, Nov. 9. The program will begin at 7 p.m. and will take place at the D. Douglas Barnard, Jr., Amphitheatre. In case of inclement weather, the program will be moved to W1002 Science Hall.
For this program, Romanella will discuss the past, present, and future of NASA.
“We are excited to have Mr. Romanella visit ASU and inform the community of the importance of NASA’s scientific achievements and mission goals,” said Grant Thompson, event coordinator and professor in ASU’s Department of Chemistry and Physics. “The United States has the best space program in the world, and I encourage the public to attend the lecture to learn what it has done and what it will continue to do for us.”
Romanella joined NASA in 1981 while studying at Florida State University and became an operational engineer in the Space Shuttle Processing Directorate in 1984. He became project manager for the Payload Data Management System in 1990 before moving on to NASA’s International Space Station.
In 2005, Romanella was promoted to director of the International Space Station and Spacecraft Processing Directorate. While there, he oversaw the assembly of space shuttle elements and was responsible for preparing the Orion crew exploration vehicle.
As a result of Romanella’s work at NASA, he has received numerous awards including the Presidential Rank Award and NASA’s Exceptional Service Medal.
This event is hosted by ASU’s Department of Chemistry and Physics. For more information, contact Dr. Thompson at 706-667-4515 or firstname.lastname@example.org. | aerospace |
http://ipp.nasa.gov/innovation/Innovation63/index.html | 2013-05-23T05:51:53 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368702900179/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516111500-00014-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.824582 | 67 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__107090553 | en | Volume 6, Number 3 May/June 1998
||About the Cover:
Over the past 40 years, NASA has made significant accomplishments in its
efforts to make flying the safest of all major modes of transportation.
Welcome to Innovation
Aerospace Technology Development
NASA Official: Jonathan Root
Web Designer: Vanessa Nugent | aerospace |
https://www.wmdt.com/2017/11/cygnus-spacecraft-reaches-its-destination/656482160/ | 2018-10-17T04:26:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583510969.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20181017023458-20181017044958-00337.warc.gz | 0.941257 | 208 | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__64510132 | en | Cygnus spacecraft reaches its destination
On Sunday, it was an exciting day on Wallops Island.
The Cygnus cargo spacecraft on the Orbital ATK's Antares rocket blasted off.
This morning, Cygnus reached it's destination the International Space Station.
We're told Cygnus will spend the next 3 weeks at the orbiting laboratory.
The spacecraft contains 7,400 pounds of cargo, including food and personal items.
A big focus for the astronauts is science, so experiments were also included in that delivery.
Today, they’ll start to unload and bring those items in.
Once that’s complete, they'll load the cargo module with disposal cargo.
We are told for the first time, they are extending the lab by bringing science experiments inside that module.
The ISS will unberth the spacecraft on December 3rd. NASA will use Cygnus to run experiments on the space station. It will officially depart the station the next day, December 4th. | aerospace |
https://www.jh-aircraft.de/english/about-us/ | 2017-11-24T20:12:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934808935.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20171124195442-20171124215442-00084.warc.gz | 0.963376 | 222 | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__174053906 | en | The company JH Aircraft GmbH has just recently (beginning of 2016) been founded as a spin off of aerospace consulting company JH Engineering in order to develop a new High-End light aircraft which complies with e.g. the British SSDR and the FAR 103 regulation.
The founder looks back to more than 25 years of experience in the aircraft industry. His experience covers design and stress justification for sport aircraft (he started his career working on the famous Lancair IV), structural mechanics for passenger aircraft, CFRP manufacturing and last but not least being Engineering Director for an aerospace engineering service provider who even had its own aircraft production. Not to forget that more than 30 years as active pilot give him the proper background to ensure the aircraft will suit the demands of the customers.
As of now the development of the aircraft is still at its beginning. We will inform you here, through airshows (e.g. the annual Aero Expo in Friedrichshafen, Germany) and through some pilots magazines.
We are glad we will be able to present you a fantastic new aircraft soon! | aerospace |
https://superbgrade.com/essays/military-or-military-aviation-what-is-the-difference | 2023-05-28T16:42:46 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644309.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528150639-20230528180639-00742.warc.gz | 0.965695 | 1,494 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__22656017 | en | When people talk about the security of their country, most of them are not aware of the differences between internal and external security. However, they know that there are men and women who protect them from foreign invasion. In this regard, according to Military.com, (2016), a military is a body that is concerned with the defense of the country against the invasion of external enemies. These enemies can be: either another neighboring countrys troops, or troops from another far country who are not welcomed in the country of invasion. As a result, the military is responsible for security against foreign invasion. This should be differentiated from the police who are responsible for the internal security of a country.
Notably, the military (armed forces) are composed of mainly three arms, the army, the airforce and the navy (Military.com, 2016). The army is the unit in the military that fights from the ground. As such, they ensure that the country is not attacked by other troops from the borders on land. The airforce, on the other hand, is the unit that secures a country from the air (sky). As such, they always fly around the countrys borders to ensure that the country is not attacked from above. The last wing of the military is the navy. This wing of the military secures the country from the waters. This is especially the case for the countries that border seas and oceans and where they can be attacked via those channels. However, it is important to note that the word military has been misused to refer to the land forces- the army. Although the military originally meant the armed forces, it has now broadened to refer to the whole body of the armed forces.
Military aviation is the use of military aircrafts such as the bombers, fighters, Fighter-bombers, Spotter planes, transports, patrol aircraft, and trainers in the defense of a country from the sky (Mola, 2016). Additionally, it involves the use of reconnaissance and observation aircrafts, which ensure that they abort any attack from the sky. Apart from fighting an enemy from the air, military aviation includes the aircrafts that carry cargo as well as other replenishments and takes them to the soldiers of the army and navy on the ground and who needs their support. As such, the work of military aviation is to provide logistical supply to the other military that are along a front in a combat. From the definition of the two terms, military and military aviation, several differences and commonalities can be deduced. The following paragraphs will provide a detailed analysis of the differences and similarities between the military and the military aviation.
The first difference between the military and military aviation is on their area of operation. In this regard, the military consists of the air, land and water forces that guard the country. As such, according to Military.com (2016), they face the enemy from the mountains and valleys, sky and waters. Most of the military soldiers use military cars, boats and other armored vehicles in the case of a combat- They are the defense forces. Military aviation on the other hand consists of the many types of military aircrafts that used to defend the country from the sky. As such, they use the air to do surveillance incase of any threat to the borders of the country (Mola, 2016). Therefore, one of the differences between the two is that the military operates from three fronts while the military aviation operates from the sky using aircrafts. On this point, it is also important to point out the equipment that two units use. In the case of the military, armored vehicles, aircrafts and boats are used to patrol the borders of the country. However, in the case of the military aviation, only military aircrafts are used to patrol the borders from the sky. Specifically, the military is the whole unit of the armed forces while the military aviation is the airforce.
One can also note the difference between the military and the military aviation from the efficiency of their operations. In this regard, the other two branches of the military are not as quick in surveillance as the military aviation aircrafts. As such, one is more efficient than the other although the serve the same purposes (Mola, 2016). In the case of the military, they rely on the military aviation aircrafts on any information about any threat of invasion by an external enemy. As such, it is very difficult for the military land and water forces to work without the assistance of the military aviation aircrafts. Further, the military aviation aircrafts are able to provide emergency services to the country in case of an attack while the army must be transported either by military aircrafts or by road. Moreover, military aviation aircrafts can provide cover for soldiers on land as well as for those in the waters. In this case, they act as surveillance for the other branches of the armed forces. This, therefore, underscores the number of duties that the military aviation is tasked with. As such, it not only fights from the sky but also provides cover for the navy and the army.
On similarities, the military and military aviation are one and the same- the armed forces of the country. As such, they are responsible for the maintenance of the external security of the country. Although they do this on different platforms, their aim is the same; to guard the country from external aggression. Additionally, despite one being a smaller unit of the other, the two work in unison. In this regard, the army and the navy require the services of the military aviation aircraft so that they are not ambushed. Precisely, the major similarity in these two is that; they are aimed at securing the country and that they work as a team in the execution of their mandates.
In conclusion, the military is a body of the national security that is tasked with guarding the country from any external invasion. As such, the military consists of the army, the navy and the air force. Most commonly, the military is termed as the armed forces of a country. Further, the military is allowed to use force in its execution of their duties. The military aviation, on the other hand, is a branch of the military that deals with attacking or defending the country from the sky. As such, it is part of the airforce that consists of military aircrafts. The difference between the two is that while one is broad, the other is a branch of the broad one. However, the two enjoy some similarities. In this regard, the military and the military aviation are concerned with ensuring that the country is secure from any external invasions. Further, they work hand in hand in the maintenance of border security.
Military.com,. (2016). What Does the Military Do?. Retrieved 25 January 2016, from http://www.military.com/join-armed-forces/military-missions-overview.htmlMola, R. (2016). History, Travel, Arts, Science, People, Places | Air & Space Magazine. Airspacemag.com. Retrieved 25 January 2016, from http://www.airspacemag.com/space/how-things-work-space-fence-180957776/
If you are the original author of this essay and no longer wish to have it published on the SuperbGrade website, please click below to request its removal: | aerospace |
https://ptspace.pt/portugal-promotes-call-for-internationalization-of-european-smes-in-cabo-verde/ | 2023-10-04T23:55:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511424.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20231004220037-20231005010037-00288.warc.gz | 0.916355 | 431 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__306157202 | en | Portugal promotes call for internationalization of European SMEs in Cabo Verde
The Portuguese Space Agency is opening, together with the AIR Centre, the last of four calls to promote the internationalization of European SMEs developing Copernicus-based products. After South Africa, Brazil and Ghana, 10 SMEs will be selected to participate in a in-person event in Praia, Cabo Verde.
After the success of the previous three calls, to which companies from eleven European countries submitted proposals, the Portuguese Space Agency together with the AIR Centre is opening the fourth out of four calls to promote the internationalization of European Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) developing Copernicus-based products.
This fourth call targets European SMEs that use Copernicus and are looking to expand their business to Cabo Verde. A total of 10 SMEs will be selected to attend a presential event in Praia that will take place on 18-19th of July 2023.
Participation in this initiative will provide unique networking possibilities to European SMEs, allowing them to gain visibility and expand their business and networking to a thriving African country whilst fostering the uptake of Copernicus data by Cabo Verdean entities.
Supporting the internationalization of European companies, the Portuguese Space Agency and AIR Centre are also contributing so that Africa and South America can take advantage of the countless possibilities offered by Copernicus. Furthermore, satellite images and products generated by the program enable value-added services that positively impact several sectors, like agriculture, forestry, resource optimization, and infrastructure management.
In the first three calls, which provided promotion and internationalization opportunities in South Africa, Brazil and Ghana, 30 companies were selected by the jury, composed of the Portuguese Space Agency, AIR Centre, EUSPA (European Union Agency for the Space Programme) and local organizing partners.
Don’t miss this opportunity. Read the Guide for Participants for more information.
The deadline to participate in this Call for the Internationalization of SMEs in Cabo Verde is April 28 at 23h59 GMT. Apply here. | aerospace |
http://jet-star.ru/en/zakaz-samolyota/super-mid-size/gulfstream-g200 | 2017-11-25T11:12:52 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934809778.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20171125105437-20171125125437-00778.warc.gz | 0.740838 | 189 | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__170270059 | en | Maximum flying range of G200 is 6 301 km, maximum height the jet can gain with 4 passengers on board is 13 720 m, which allows to operate long distances. Passenger cabin of G200 is the best in its class: 2 passenger sections can accomodate up to 11 people.
|number of seats:||10|
|luggage capacity:||42 m3|
|maximum speed:||850 km/h|
|possible altitude:||13716 m|
|takeoff distance:||1854 m|
|landing distance:||1000 m|
|height:||191 m||height:||653 m|
|length:||744 m||length:||1897 m|
|width:||218 m||wingspan:||177 m|
Grey area with a black outline on the world map represents the total range of a business jet from Moscow. | aerospace |
https://www.uaf.edu/news/haarp-to%20begin-largest-set-of-experiments-at-its-new-observatory.php | 2024-04-19T12:51:53 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817398.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419110125-20240419140125-00720.warc.gz | 0.918595 | 755 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__201141792 | en | HAARP to begin largest set of experiments at its new observatory
Bouncing a signal off the moon.
Learning more about a mysterious polar light.
Sending a beam to Jupiter.
Those are just some of the 13 experiments for a packed 10 days of science beginning Wednesday at the High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program. The University of Alaska Fairbanks operates the facility located near Gakona.
The number of experiments is the highest so far under a five-year, $9.3 million grant awarded last year by the National Science Foundation to establish the Subauroral Geophysical Observatory at HAARP. The observatory’s purpose is the exploration of Earth’s upper atmosphere and geospace environment.
“The October research campaign is our largest and most diverse to date, with researchers and citizen scientists collaborating from across the globe,” said Jessica Matthews, HAARP’s program manager.
The 10 days of operation includes researchers and others from UAF; NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California; Naval Research Laboratory; Cornell University; University of California, Berkeley; Canada Council for the Arts; John Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory; Virginia Tech; Los Alamos National Lab; and Aerospace Corp.
Among the experiments is the Moon Bounce, a joint operation of the JPL, Owens Valley Radio Observatory in California and the University of New Mexico Long Wavelength Array.
The purpose is to test the coordination of the three facilities for the eventual study of near-Earth asteroids, especially those that can be a hazard to Earth. Knowing an asteroid’s composition can influence the type of defense to be used.
The experiment consists of transmitting a signal from HAARP to the moon and receiving the reflected signal at the California and New Mexico sites.
University of California, Berkeley, scientists will try to learn what causes the unusual polar light known as a strong thermal emission velocity enhancement, or STEVE. This light, which is mostly a white or mauve color, appears at lower latitudes than the aurora. Most scientists studying the aurora believe a STEVE occurs from a mechanism different from what creates the aurora.
The Jupiter experiment, run by Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, aims to prove a method of observing planetary ionospheres by using Earth-based radio transmitters.
Scientists have little information about the ionospheres of planets other than Earth but believe them to be rich with information. On Earth, the ionosphere is a place within the upper atmosphere, extending to the interface with space, that is filled with particles that become electrically charged from interaction with the sun’s energy.
The experiment will send a beam to Jupiter and bounce it off the giant planet’s ionosphere with the hope that it will be received at the New Mexico site.
Jupiter is currently about 372 million miles from Earth.
The experiment will stretch the transmitting ability of HAARP, which can produce up to 3.6 megawatts of power, to the fullest. It will also test the receiving ability of the New Mexico site, which consists of 512 antennas.
The Air Force originally developed and owned HAARP but transferred the research instruments to UAF in August 2015. UAF operates the site under an agreement with the Air Force.
Poker Flat Research Range, located at Mile 30 Steese Highway, will be involved in three of the experiments. The UAF Geophysical Institute owns Poker Flat and operates it under a contract with NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility, which is part of the Goddard Space Flight Center.
Pilots flying in the Gulkana area are asked to check with the Federal Aviation Administration for temporary flight restriction details. | aerospace |
https://airpedia.wiki/bwc-kbwc-airport-code/ | 2024-04-16T05:36:15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817043.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416031446-20240416061446-00591.warc.gz | 0.923927 | 612 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__116148028 | en | |Brawley Municipal Airport, Brawley, California
|Major City Served
- See here the complete List Of All Airports In United States with Codes.
Understanding BWC/KBWC Airport Code (Structure of Airport Codes, Challenges and Confusions)
Airport codes are important alphanumeric or alphabetic codes used to identify airports around the world. These codes are essential for air travel and are used in flight itineraries, tickets, baggage tags, and various other aspects of aviation operations. The BWC/KBWC airport code refers to the airport code for an airport. It is important to have a good understanding of what these codes stand for and how they are structured as they play a crucial role in air travel.
Decoding Airport Code
When it comes to decoding airport codes like BWC/KBWC, it’s important to understand their structure. These codes are typically three letters long, but there are some exceptions with four-letter codes as well. The first letter of the code usually represents the continent, country, or geographical region, while the last two letters often represent the specific airport itself. In some cases, the last letter may also indicate a specific airport within a city.
Understanding the structure of airport codes can help travelers and aviation professionals to quickly identify and differentiate between different airports worldwide.
The BWC/KBWC airport code holds great operational significance in aviation. It is used by pilots, air traffic controllers, airline staff, and aviation authorities to identify and communicate about specific airports. The code plays a crucial role in flight planning, air traffic control, and airport operations.
For example, pilots use the airport code when communicating with air traffic control, flight planners use it to create flight itineraries, and passengers use it to book flights and check their baggage. The BWC/KBWC airport code is an essential piece of information that enables smooth and efficient air travel operations.
History of Airport Codes
The history of airport codes dates back to the early days of commercial aviation. The need for a standardized system to identify airports arose as air travel began to grow in popularity. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) were instrumental in developing and implementing the current system of airport codes that is used globally today.
Some airport codes may seem random or confusing, but they are based on a structured system that has evolved over time to meet the needs of the aviation industry.
In conclusion, understanding BWC/KBWC airport code and other airport codes is important for anyone involved in air travel. These codes play a vital role in aviation operations and are essential for identifying and communicating about airports worldwide. Whether you’re a pilot, a frequent flyer, or someone involved in the aviation industry, having a good understanding of airport codes can enhance your travel experience and contribute to the smooth functioning of the aviation sector. | aerospace |
https://aditiya1920.com/tag/drone/ | 2022-05-17T07:44:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662517018.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20220517063528-20220517093528-00719.warc.gz | 0.957272 | 156 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__24863669 | en | Drone technology is set to become a major factor in the future of the aviation industry, as we look towards the possibility of a large number of them flying around the skies.
It’s been predicted that by 2020, there will be a significant increase in drone usage, as the drones are becoming more versatile and capable of more missions.
This is the first in a series of articles examining the most common questions people have about flying drones and whether or not they will be able fly them in the near future.
If you’re interested in flying drones, check out our complete guide on the subject.
If the above answer doesn’t answer your question, please take our quiz to find out!
The most common drone questions answered in our guide: | aerospace |
https://forbesupp.com/why-are-billionaires-betting-on-the-space-sector/ | 2023-12-04T10:18:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100527.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204083733-20231204113733-00440.warc.gz | 0.945884 | 1,520 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__172007646 | en | Billionaires have a reputation for eccentrics, and for a few years now, calling them lunatics is not an exaggeration.
Some of the richest people in the world have invested in the space economy, living up to the maxim that where there is money, there are no borders.
But, after all, how does this market work? In practical terms, what does the idea of colonizing space mean? Is this a credible goal, a romantic dream, or a show of force from a new space race?
Understanding the investment of billionaires in space
Space exploration goes far beyond rockets. It triggers a steady stream of investment, and billionaires are eyeing the wide range of high-tech businesses that make up the space economy.
According to Cleonir Tumelero, PhD in Business Administration and professor at the Universidade Positivo (UP), the aerospace and defense industry encompasses the development of a series of information and communication technologies, including new materials, clean energy, advanced robotics , food, biotechnology, nanomaterials. , advanced electronics, fine mechanics, among other sectors.
“Space exploration takes place in one of the most powerful industries on the planet and the so-called space economy could reach investments of more than 1 trillion dollars by 2040,” says Tumelero.
The entry of billionaires responds to an important change in the sector. Until the turn of the century, it was the great powers that concentrated investment in space; now a few billionaires lead the sky market.
Since the explosion of the space shuttle Columbia in 2003, the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has faced difficulties with manned space exploration, giving way to new forms of financing.
“NASA needed the support of the Russians and the Chinese to send their astronauts to and from the International Space Station. The American model of exploring public space came to an end and gave way to a new model strongly based on private alliances”, says Tumelero.
Who are the top billionaires investing in the space market?
According to Caio Mastrodomenico, an economic analyst and CEO of Vallus Capital, Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos are the top billionaires investing in the space market. “They didn’t get their assets in this place, but they are using their wealth to invest in this space race to maximize their fortunes,” says the CEO.
Tumelero adds that these investors mix investments to increase the contribution to space exploration. Musk, who has been in the news about the Twitter acquisition, is the founder of PayPal and Tesla; Bezos is the founder of Amazon, as well as investing in The Washington Post. And Richard Branson, another “great opportunity” in this area, is the founder of the Virgin conglomerate, which has about 400 holding companies.
When did billionaires appear on the scene?
Contributions to the space race are recent. Tumelero comments that in 2019, the US government changed the legislation in the sector and began to allow private associations for this exploration. That’s where Musk’s Spacex, one of the most valuable startups in the US, comes in; Bezos blue origin; and Branson Virgin Galactic.
The results are already showing: the three largest companies in the space market have successfully completed manned launches and are preparing to make these flights “available” (with many appointments). The flights are still open to civilians, worth tens of millions of rials.
Is it worth investing in the space market?
Leading the space race or taking a vacation outside of Earth orbit is highly unusual. Therefore, the question remains: Is it worth buying shares of companies related to the sector? Is there an expectation of a good comeback?
For Mastrodomenico it is important to study the opportunities in this market, but whoever wants to own shares in this sector must include them in a diversified portfolio.
The winnings can be interesting, but caution should be exercised, even for players with a higher ‘appetite’ for risk.
The next few years should see an acceleration in this sector, and despite the high stakes, the business is likely to be promising. “In the space race, the values are exorbitant and the challenges are limitless. The investment has not materialized yet,” says MastroDomenico.
The analyst does parallel work in the electric vehicle market. Ten years ago, Tesla might have seemed like an expensive idea, but the reality is that vehicles in this segment have gained ground and the global car series is undergoing a transformation. It is estimated that “going into space is more complicated, but recent achievements have already shown that it is possible.”
Tomillero agrees. The professor believes that the conquest of space is a unidirectional project and that the aviation and defense sectors tend to strengthen, improving the quality of life of the population due to the technological progress that it generates in various areas.
“This is a sector that has a future with high entrepreneurial potential. Despite the risks inherent in investing in high-impact businesses, this sector has the potential for success due to innovation, technology, and scaling of the business model,” says Tomillero.
At the same time, the professor reminds, risks accompany projects like this with a high degree of scalability. An example is the shares of Virgin Galactic, which fell after the company reported debts of almost half a billion dollars.
For those who want to do a national tour, Tumelero recommends the Embraer. In the country, it leads the aerospace sector and has an eclectic chain of technological partners, including start-ups.
“Although it doesn’t really take off, the aerospace sector of young players is trying to organize itself in Brazil. He even founded the Alliance of Brazilian Aerospace Startups (ASB)”, he points out.
Is human exploration in space really possible?
There is no doubt that this is a promising market. But what is the limit to effectively explore the sky? For Danilo Capelari, Physics Consultant of the Positive Teaching System (SPE), space travel is a fact that he tends to confirm. But, for actual colonization, some issues such as radiation and gravity still need to be determined.
“We would need to simulate the gravity of the Earth, with a ship with a lot of acceleration, for example, but the fuel consumption would be useless; or even a place with rotation, where the pull we feel outward would simulate our own gravity”, he comments.
Mastrodomenico also assesses the scenario cautiously. He is still too early to say what will actually be possible, as the scenario is exploratory. He says Florida researchers have managed to grow a plant on the moon for the first time, but it’s all very new, and even tests like this take time to mature.
Capelari adds that whatever the outcome of the bid for space, launches should be cheaper and more viable. So even if living on another planet remains a short-term goal of the imagination, the gains associated with the sector are welcome.
“Any investment in research, whatever the area, is very welcome. Investments allow technologies to be applied in situations that were often not imagined at the beginning of the research,” says the consultant. | aerospace |
http://aslitesting.btrworlds.com/environment-test-machine/low-pressure-tester-1193629.html | 2022-05-22T15:04:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662545548.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220522125835-20220522155835-00037.warc.gz | 0.761442 | 381 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__17155698 | en | Low pressure tester
Reduced pressure testing chamber/Technical parameters:
2.velocity of Depressurization: Atmospheric pressure ~1kpa less than 40min (Room temperature situation);
3.Protection Devices: Fuse-free switch, overloading protection switch for compressor, fault warning system, high and low voltage coolant protection switch, over-temperature protection switch, fuses,
4.Temperature Range: Low Temperature -70 celsius degree; High Temperature 150 celsius degree
5.Power: AC 380 V,3 5 Lines,50/60HZ
6.Analytic Accuracy of Temperature: 0.1 celsius degree
7.Compressor: French Tecumseh Brand, Germany Bizer Brand
8.Low Air Pressure Mode: Vacuum pump
Warranty: one year free warranty for whole set machine,lifelong time maintainance.
After-sale service: feedback within 2 hours after get the call.
Service:OEM service,Design service,Buyer lable service.
Low pressure tester/application:
Temperature and pressure test chamber is mainly used in aviation, aerospace, information, electronics and other fields, to ensure the environment adaptability and reliability of instruments ,meters, electrical products,equipment in low temperature and low air pressure, or low temperature or low-high temperature and low air pressure, and measure the specimen`s technical parameters.
Temperature test chamber/features:
1.Perfect case structure, can undertake air pressure, stainless steel inner case.
2.Reasonable air cycle system and heater,refrigerator device.
3.Good refrigeration units, key parts are international brands, improve the operation reliability.
4.Controller adopts touch screen man-machine interface, reliable operation, high precision. | aerospace |
https://www.kjrh.com/news/national/british-airways-flight-crosses-atlantic-in-less-than-5-hours | 2024-04-14T06:12:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816864.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20240414033458-20240414063458-00430.warc.gz | 0.947161 | 311 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__131925137 | en | For the first time in years, a commercial passenger plane has flown across the Atlantic in less than five hours.
A British Airways flight landed early Sunday morning at Heathrow Airport in London after leaving John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York just four hours and 56 minutes earlier.
That set a new speed record for subsonic — or slower than the speed of sound — commercial aircraft to fly between the two cities, according to Flightradar24, which tracks global flights.
The previous record was held by a Norwegian Air flight, which flew between the two cities with a flight time of five hours and 13 minutes.
The flight had been expected to take 102 minutes longer. The recent average flight time between New York and London is 6 hours and 13 minutes, according to Flightradar24.
The wind and air currents were ideal for a fast flight, said Ian Petchenik, Flightradar24′s director of communications. “In the winter, the jet stream dips down a bit,” he said. “It’s kind of in a perfect spot for flights across the North Atlantic to take advantage of it.”
British Airways just narrowly beat out a Virgin Atlantic flight, which arrived in London at around the same time but one minute slower.
British Airways confirmed the flight time for the Boeing 747 plane, saying the company prioritizes safety over speed.
The supersonic Concorde flights used to fly across the Atlantic in just over three hours, but stopped flying in 2003. | aerospace |
https://rlist.io/l/rokot-dataset-of-satellites-launched | 2022-11-26T08:34:20 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446706285.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20221126080725-20221126110725-00382.warc.gz | 0.851663 | 959 | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__263162596 | en | Most satellites launched via Rokot are intended for military use (55.3%) and for the purpose of communications (76.6%).Majority of these satellites are LEO satellites, with around 46 (97.9%) launched so far.
Insights from the dataset of satellites launched via Rokot
Which year saw the most satellites launched?
Who operates or owns the most satellites launched via Rokot?
Which country operates or owns the most satellites launched via Rokot?
Which launch site has launched the most satellites delivered via Rokot to space?
What is the most common type of satellite orbit?
Apogee, Perigee & Period
Highlights on some of the satellites launched via Rokot:
Heaviest satellite launched by EUMETSAT (European Organization For The Exploitation Of Meteorological Satellites) into space at 2,300 kg
Operated by EUMETSAT (European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) of ESA, Sentinel 3A is a government satellite launched for the purpose of earth observation (Earth Science).
Constructed by Thales Alenia Space (France), it was launched into space using Rokot as the launch vehicle from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on 16 February 2016. Sentinel 3A orbits around the Earth as a sun-synchronous LEO satellite.
With a launch mass of 2,300kg and a dry mass of 2,146kg, Sentinel 3A is designed to operate in space for a lifetime of 7 years. It orbits around the Earth with the COSPAR ID 2016-011A and NORAD ID 41335.
Taking 101 minutes to orbit the Earth, the satellite's perigee, which is the point of the orbit closest to the Earth's center of mass, is 802km while its apogee, which is the point of the orbit farthest from the Earth's center of mass, is 804km. The eccentricity of the orbit is 1.39E-04 and it orbits at an inclination of 99 degrees to the equatorial plane of the Earth.
Heaviest satellite launched by Gonets Satcom into space at 280 kg
Operated by Gonets Satcom of Russia, Gonets M-26 is a commercial satellite launched for the purpose of communications.
A polar LEO satellite, it was launched into space using Rokot as the launch vehicle from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on 26 December 2019. Gonets M-26 was constructed by ISS Reshetnev (Russia).
With a launch mass of 280kg, Gonets M-26 is designed to operate in space for a lifetime of 7 years. It orbits around the Earth with the COSPAR ID 2019-096C and NORAD ID 44907.
With an orbital eccentricity of 4.45E-04, the satellite's perigee, which is the point of the orbit closest to the Earth's center of mass, is 1,500km while its apogee, which is the point of the orbit farthest from the Earth's center of mass, is 1,507km. It takes 116 minutes to orbit the Earth.
With generated usable power of 120 watts, Gonets M-26 orbits at an inclination of 83 degrees to the equatorial plane of the Earth.
Get more insights from these satellite datasets
By Operators: SpaceX | EUTELSAT | SES | European Space Agency (ESA) | Planet Labs | Iridium | Spire Global | OneWeb | Swarm Technologies | NASA - Dataset of Satellites Launched (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) | Canadian Space Agency (CSA) - Dataset of Satellites Launched
By Launch Vehicle: Falcon 9 | Ariane 5 | Ariane 5 ECA | Delta 2 | Dnepr | Electron | Falcon Heavy | Long March 2C | Long March 2D | Long March 3B | Pegasus | Proton | Proton M | PSLV | Rokot | Soyuz | Soyuz-2.1b | Vega
By Launch Vehicle: Cape Canaveral | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Guiana Space Center | International Space Station | Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center | Plesetsk Cosmodrome | Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Taiyuan Launch Center | Vandenberg AFB | Xichang Satellite Launch Center | Boeing Satellite Systems | Airbus Defense and Space | EADS Astrium | Lockheed Martin Commercial Space Systems | Space Systems/Loral | Surrey Satellite Technology | Technical University Berlin | Thales Alenia Space | aerospace |
https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/content/-/article/esa-corporate-news | 2020-04-06T12:35:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585371624083.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20200406102322-20200406132822-00192.warc.gz | 0.941445 | 19,788 | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__79036495 | en | ESA Corporate News
ESA Corporate News
• 24 March 2020: In response to the escalating coronavirus pandemic, ESA has decided to further reduce on-site personnel at its mission control center in Darmstadt, Germany. 1)
- The new adjustments require temporarily stopping instrument operation and data gathering on four Solar System science missions, which are part of the wider fleet of 21 spacecraft currently flown by the Agency from ESOC (European Space Operations Center) in Darmstadt.
- ESA implemented risk mitigation measures early on. The vast majority of ESA’s workforce has been teleworking for nearly two weeks. Only key personnel performing critical tasks, which include maintaining real-time spacecraft operations, are still present on site at ESA’s establishments throughout Europe.
Supporting enhanced national measures
- Recent developments, including strengthened restrictions by national, regional and local authorities across Europe and the first positive test result for COVID-19 within the workforce at ESOC, have led the Agency to restrict on-site personnel at its mission control center even further.
- “Our priority is the health of our workforce, and we will therefore reduce activity on some of our scientific missions, especially on interplanetary spacecraft, which currently require the highest number of personnel on site,” says ESA’s Director of Operations Rolf Densing.
- “These have stable orbits and long mission durations, so turning off their science instruments and placing them into a largely unattended safe configuration for a certain period will have a negligible impact on their overall mission performance.”
- Among the affected missions are:
a) Cluster – A four-spacecraft mission launched in 2000, orbiting Earth to investigate our planet’s magnetic environment and how it is forged by the solar wind, the stream of charged particles constantly released by the Sun;
- “It was a difficult decision, but the right one to take. Our greatest responsibility is the safety of people, and I know all of us in the science community understand why this is necessary,” says Günther Hasinger, ESA’s Director of Science.
- “This is a prudent step to ensure that Europe’s world-class science missions are safe, along with the instruments from European scientists and our international partners flying on our missions. We are talking about some of humankind’s most advanced scientific experiments – and if switching some missions into temporary standby keeps them safe, then this is what we will do.”
- The temporary reduction in personnel on site will also allow the ESOC teams to concentrate on maintaining spacecraft safety for all other missions involved, in particular the Mercury explorer BepiColombo, which is on its way to the innermost planet in the Solar System and will require some on-site support around its scheduled Earth flyby on 10 April.
- The challenging maneuver, which will use Earth’s gravity to adjust BepiColombo’s trajectory as it cruises towards Mercury, will be performed by a very small number of engineers and in full respect of social distancing and other health and hygiene measures required by the current situation.
- The temporary reduction in personnel on site will also allow the ESOC teams to concentrate on maintaining spacecraft safety for all other missions involved, in particular the Mercury explorer BepiColombo, which is on its way to the innermost planet in the Solar System and will require some on-site support around its scheduled Earth flyby on 10 April.
- The challenging maneuver, which will use Earth’s gravity to adjust BepiColombo’s trajectory as it cruises towards Mercury, will be performed by a very small number of engineers and in full respect of social distancing and other health and hygiene measures required by the current situation.
Figure 1: Artist's rendition of BepiColombo's upcoming Earth flyby (image credit: ESA)
- Commissioning and first check-out operations of scientific instruments on the recently launched Solar Orbiter, which had begun last month, have been temporarily suspended.
- ESA expects to resume these operations in the near future, in line with the development of the coronavirus situation. Meanwhile, Solar Orbiter will continue its journey towards the Sun, with the first Venus flyby to take place in December.
Coasting through space
- “Over the coming days, our interplanetary missions will be gradually commanded into a safe configuration, so that thereafter they will need little or no intervention from ground,” says Paolo Ferri, responsible for mission operations at ESA.
- “These probes are designed to safely sustain long periods with limited or no interaction with ground, required for instance for the periods they spend behind the Sun as seen from Earth, when no radio contact is possible for weeks,” he adds. “We are confident that with very limited and infrequent interactions with ground control the missions can safely remain in that operation mode for months, should the duration of the coronavirus mitigation measures require it.”
- In the coming days, ESA will monitor the evolving environmental conditions and restrictions, develop special procedures, plans and decision logic for the future restart of the scientific operations.
- “The decision on when to return to normal science production mode will be taken independently for each mission, depending on several variables, including the type and complexity of each mission,” adds Paolo Ferri.
Figure 2: Artist's impression of Mars Express. The background is based on an actual image of Mars taken by the spacecraft's high resolution stereo camera (Artist's impression of Mars Express. The background is based on an actual image of Mars taken by the spacecraft's high resolution stereo camera)
- The measure does not affect other ESA missions that are operated from Darmstadt, such as space science missions for astronomy or Earth observation missions, including those that are part of the European Commission’s Copernicus program. For these missions, which require frequent care from ground, teams are able to conduct most control actions remotely, with just a single technician in a control room.
- Even before this measure, the community of European and international scientists behind the interplanetary missions were already feeling the effects of the coronavirus outbreak, with processing and analysis hindered by local and national work restrictions and the need for social distancing.
- “I wish to thank all the scientists, engineers and other colleagues not only at mission control but across the Agency and at our partners who are keeping Europe’s essential space missions flying in the middle of this global crisis”, says ESA Director General Jan Wörner.
- “I am glad to see how professional everyone at ESA is throughout this difficult situation. It shows that the Agency is, first and foremost, an ensemble of humans from all over Europe who care. Humans who care not only about science and space, but even more about the well-being of colleagues, families and fellow citizens all over the planet.”
• 18 March 2020: ESA's Mission Control adjusts to coronavirus conditions. 2)
Figure 3: Responsible for spacecraft orbiting Earth, the Sun and exploring the Solar System, teams at ESA’s mission control deal with in-flight challenges every day, from faulty hardware, problematic software and hazardous space debris to computer viruses that could affect ground stations (image credit: ESA/ESOC)
So how do they keep missions flying when a viral pandemic puts the people of the Agency at risk? The first priority is the health and well-being of the workforce across the Agency, while those working at ESA’s mission control center, in Darmstadt, Germany, have the unique challenge of maintaining missions in orbit while ensuring critical ground infrastructure functions as it should, including seven ground stations located on three continents.
Plans on the ground
ESA is currently flying 21 spacecraft from ESOC, ranging from Earth observation to astronomy and planetary exploration missions, as well as five Sentinel satellites belonging to the European Union’s Copernicus program.
Figure 4: This animation shows different types of space debris objects and different debris sizes in orbit around Earth. For debris objects bigger than 10 cm the data come from the US Space Surveillance Catalog. The information about debris objects smaller than 10 cm is based on a statistical model by ESA (video credit: ESA) .
Number of space debris objects in orbit:
- > 1m: 5,400 objects
- > 10 cm: 34,000 objects (among them are only 2,000 active satellites)
- > 1cm: 900,000 objects
- > 1mm: 130,000,000 objects
Color code of Figure 4
- Red: satellites (functional or dysfunctional)
- Yellow: rocket bodies
- Green: mission related objects (covers, caps, adapters, etc.)
- Blue: fragments.
These missions do not fly by themselves. Engineers must take regular measures to, for example, protect spacecraft from gradually drifting off their intended orbits or colliding with debris, ensure solar panels are getting enough light from the Sun, operate the scientific instruments, receive bundles of crucial data and keep both onboard and ground systems working and up-to-date.
To deal with the Covid-19 outbreak, ESA is implementing numerous preventative measures taking account of guidance provided by national and regional civil authorities, especially with respect to minimizing personal contact.
For the mission operations teams or the experts in technical ground segment areas like flight dynamics and ground stations, work is typically done together in small-ish control rooms, and so a range of plans are in place to respond to the developing severity of the Covid-19 outbreak.
Responses differ primarily in the amount and type of personnel required on site in the control rooms and technical facilities.
Figure 5: Inside the Sentinel control room at ESA's operation center in Darmstadt, Germany (image credit: ESA, J. Mai)
Taking mission control home
For now, the aim at mission control remains maintaining the generation of mission data, and keeping the entire fleet of spacecraft, young and old, operating in a routine way.
At the same time the preparation and execution of ad-hoc critical activities, like collision avoidance maneuvers or the upcoming Earth flyby of BepiColombo, have to be ensured.
As of Monday, 16 March, the majority of the workforce at ESOC began working from home. Similar to staffing levels on a typical weekend, mission teams are now keeping a minimum presence on site, while everyone who can is performing the maximum possible daily activities off site.
In the history of ESA’s mission control center, there has never been a period with so few people on site,” says Rolf Densing, Director of Operations for ESA.
This of course has big implications for how missions are flown, and for the next few weeks, the priority will remain on protecting health by minimizing the number of people physically present, while ensuring effective daily operations".
In the future, if necessary, ESA could reduce on-site personnel even more, necessitating a reduction or even a halt to science data gathering so as to focus on simply maintaining spacecraft in safe, stable orbits.
“Such a scenario could be maintained for quite some time, extending into many weeks or months, if necessary,” says Paolo Ferri, Head of Mission Operations.
• 17 March 2020: With significant developments in the coronavirus situation and recent directives in our host nations, ESA has taken steps ensure the operation of its critical tasks while carefully reinforcing its duty of care and social responsibility. 3)
Last week, many ESA staff and contractors were advised to stay at home and take up teleworking, but the weekend saw border restrictions, closure of schools, shops and centers of social activity in France, Spain and the Netherlands, and even more stringent measures in other host nations. Preempting these events, ESA decided to apply this condition to the majority of ESA personnel across all establishments.
Several weeks ago, ESA’s management team began the process to confirm the list of critical tasks that ESA needs to protect, and identify the key resources that are required to support them, should the response to the coronavirus pandemic call for more stringent measures designed to reduce social interaction.
ESA Director General Jan Wörner said, “The health and welfare of our employees, their families and their communities remain my top priority. ESA has a duty of care to them all. But at the same time, we must also protect the core tasks of the Agency. My business priority has to be to ensure that these critical tasks continue uninterrupted.”
Only key workers required to support the formally identified critical tasks will be active at ESA sites, with all others now teleworking wherever possible both to reduce unnecessary social interaction and to allow maximum focus on critical tasks.
The ESA Council scheduled for 17/18 March was cancelled, but ESA management is working to identify the best process to allow executive committee approval of actions if necessary. Business continuity in the financial and procurement areas is being maintained.
The European Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana, is also adopting significant restrictions on operations and access. In compliance with measures decided by the French government, launch campaigns under way at the center have been suspended. These launch preparations will resume as soon as health conditions allow. See the Arianespace press release.
• 13 March 2020: Europe and the world battle the surging SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. 4)
It is difficult to remember any disease or situation that has transformed the world as rapidly as the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which is causing COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-19) across all European countries and wreaking havoc across daily life. Across all of ESA’s member states, cases are increasing, in some cases rapidly. WHO has said that Europe is now the center of the global pandemic.
It most cases, it is anaesthesiologists that are on the front line caring for patients. Anaesthesiologists are the prime specialists in treating severely ill patients needing haemodynamic and ventilator support. All over Europe, anaesthesiologists are involved in the care of the critically ill COVID-19 patients and are working day and night to combat the severe consequences of the disease and improve the status of the critically ill patients.
ESA’s President Professor Kai Zacharowski is Director of the Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany, and has himself treated a number of patients with COVID-19. “On a European level more than 70% of intensive care patients are treated by anaesthesiologists. This reflects our responsibility being equipped with the best possible training and competencies to treat and, whenever possible, to heal and improve the outcome of our patients 24 hours a day.”
He adds: “Our members are to face a very intense working period over the months to come. We at ESA will aim to keep all our members as up to date as possible with key developments as the pandemic develops.”
Despite suffering over 80,000 cases, China has used all of its state powers to gradually take control of the pandemic within its borders, reducing the number of new daily infections and deaths to relatively low levels after the explosion of new infections in Hubei province which began with a trickle of cases in December 2019.
However, now ESA member states — including some of Europe’s largest countries — are suffering one of the most serious public health crises of modern times. Since Monday 9 March, Italy has been in a nationwide lockdown, with all 60 million of its citizens asked to stay home for all but essential journeys for food, drug supplies and to care for relatives. As of Friday, March 13, there have been 15,113 confirmed cases of COVID-19, causing 1,016 deaths. The Italian Prime Minister, Giuseppe Conte, has asked all Italians to stay home for all but exceptional circumstances, and all public gatherings are banned.
One of the most acute problems experienced by Italy is one that is now being faced by France and Spain and will likely soon be faced by other ESA member states and countries worldwide — a shortage of intensive care beds. Even in Lombardy, in Italy’s wealthier northern region, hospitals and especially their intensive care departments are being overwhelmed by a huge increase in cases, many requiring life-saving respiratory interventions. Intensivists, critical care specialists and anaesthetists are among the teams battling to save these patients. Very difficult choices are being made regarding which patients will receive treatment and those who will not. These new COVID-19 cases, of course, come on top of the usual requirements for critical care from other sources such as road accidents and emergency surgery.
“According to the data provided by our Italian colleagues the mean age of all COVID-19 patients is 70 years, and one of the major risk factors for ICU admission is obesity,” explains ESA Immediate Past President Stefan De Hert, based at Ghent University Hospital in Belgium. “Interestingly, patients less than 50 years old without major comorbidities seem to constitute 20% of the COVID-19 ICU patients. Finally, infected women seem to develop less symptoms than men, and also children seem to experience the infection without important clinical problems. These data are quite similar to what we have learned from the experiences of our Chinese colleagues.”
The situation in Spain is also rapidly worsening, with reports that Madrid’s public health system is creaking under the strain and several well-known politicians have been diagnosed with COVID-19. On Friday, March 13, Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez declared a state of alert, giving the government emergency powers to take control of factories and restrict people’s movements. The entire Spanish parliament is going through testing as a result of these alerts, and there are concerns that the entire region of Madrid may need to go into quarantine. As of this date, Spain has 4,200 confirmed cases of COVID-19, and 120 recorded deaths, around half in the Madrid region. The country has banned medical conferences, asking all doctors to remain available for work, and the country’s La Liga football league has been suspended after the entire Real Madrid Team was potentially exposed.
In Germany, Europe’s most populous country, many regions have closed schools and universities, and a raft of measures have been proposed, including bus passengers in Berlin being asked to enter through the back door, to protect the health of the drivers who must continue working. By Friday March 13, the country had recorded 3,059 cases and 6 deaths.
The German Chancellor, Angela Merkel, said in a press conference on March 11 that up to two-thirds of the country could eventually be infected. On Thursday, March 12 it was announced, also in Berlin, that “With the aim that the hospitals in Germany concentrate on the expected increasing need for intensive care and ventilation capacity for the treatment of patients with severe respiratory diseases by COVID-19, as far as medically justifiable, basically all planned admissions, surgeries and interventions in all hospitals be postponed and suspended indefinitely from Monday, March 15.”
The French President, Emmanuel Macron, was one of the first Western leaders to publicly accept the inevitability of the COVID-19 pandemic. And France has experienced one of the highest number of cases: 2876 cases and 61 deaths as of Thursday, March 12. Doctors in Paris have reported intensive care units filling up rapidly, with a risk that the country will follow the same trajectory as Italy but with an 8-day delay, having to choose who among coronavirus patients and others requiring critical care can receive treatment. It has already banned any public meetings of 1,000 people or more, reducing this from the previously announced number of 5,000.
Countries in Europe are not all adopting the same measures to fight the pandemic. Despite having one of the smallest number of cases, Ireland decided that from Friday 13 March, all schools and universities would be closed. Irish Prime Minister Leo Varadkar all banned all indoor gatherings of more than 100 people, and all outdoor gatherings of more than 500 people.
Within the UK, which has 798 cases and 11 deaths so far, Prime Minister Boris Johnson has not yet adopted some of the more severe tactics to confront the epidemic. On Thursday, March 12, he asked all people with the symptoms of a high temperature or continuous cough to self-isolate for seven days, but has so far ruled out closing schools and cancelling major events, although the English and Scottish football leagues decided on Friday, March 13, to postpone all fixtures for at least two weeks. The advice from medical experts in the UK is attempting to push the peak of the pandemic into the summer months and also flatten its intensity, to ensure as many people who need critical care in the coming months are able to receive it, and thus reduce the mortality rate.
Both Slovenia and Austria have closed their borders with Italy in order to stop the flow of cases, and Czechia has banned all non-citizens and non-permanent residents to manage its own increase in cases, as has Slovakia. Israel has effectively suspended its tourism economy by asking all incoming nationals of other countries to self-isolate for 14 days.
And late on March 11, US President Donald Trump announced a ban on travel to the USA from residents of 26 European countries, a move that was rapidly condemned as without evidence by the European Union. The announcement came as cases in the USA passed 1,000, with the actual toll thought to be far higher due to problems accessing testing kits nationwide and a fear that community transmission had been occurring long before the USA reacted properly to the pandemic. At the time of writing of this article, President Trump was expected to declare a state of emergency to tackle COVID-19.
At a personal level, people are being asked to wash their hands, for 20 seconds at a time with soap and water, as often as they can, or use a hand sanitizer. Avoiding touching your face with your hands at any time has also been proposed by public health experts, as has maintaining a minimum distance of 2 meters from any other person to reduce transmission.
“The European Society of Anaesthesiology, like all medical societies, has reviewed its own activities as this pandemic has developed,” explains Prof Zacharowski. “We have postponed all of our courses and the European Diploma in Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (EDAIC) exams. We have also changed the meetings of our board of directors from face-to-face to teleconferences. Most importantly, we have decided to postpone our annual Euroanaesthesia congress to a later date. We realize how vital anaesthetists and intensivists are during this time, and that being present in their hospitals far outweigh any other normal activities. Our members and community are crucial in containing this epidemic and saving countless lives.”
Two dates are currently under consideration for the new date for Euroanaesthesia: either 21-24 August or 28-31 August. The ESA team will inform all members as soon as a decision has been taken.
• 30 December 2019: As the year comes to a close, it is once again time to look back and reflect on some of the achievements and highlights of European spaceflight. The new Gaia star catalogue and the launch of Cheops are keeping ESA at the forefront of space science, as will Solar Orbiter, being prepared for launch next year. The Copernicus program continues to be the largest Earth observation program in the world, with ESA preparing even more missions. On the Space Station, Luca Parmitano became the third European to command an ISS expedition. During his second mission, he made some of the space program's most complex and demanding spacewalks. At the end of 2019, the ESA Space19+ ministerial conference agreed to give ESA its largest budget ever and expressed continued support for Europe’s independent access to space with Ariane 6 and Vega-C. 5)
Figure 6: ESA highlights of 2019 (video credit: ESA)
• On 6 December, representatives from ESA, the European Parliament, the European Commission and the Italian Space Agency met at the States General for Space, Security and Defence event in Naples, Italy, to discuss upcoming challenges for European industry. 6)
The meeting follows the very successful Council at Ministerial Level, Space19+, which took place two weeks ago in Spain and where Member States fully endorsed ESA’s activities – with a total funding of €14.4 billion – the largest part of which is to be invested in ESA’s Earth Observation Programs.
The meeting was organized by ESA, the European Parliament and the Italian Space Agency, and Copernicus and Galileo were the subject of several talks by prominent speakers such as David Sassoli, President of the European Parliament.
With space-related activities recognized as having a strategic and relevant impact on industry, innovation, employment, new services for citizens and businesses, and environmental and civil protection, the European Union will also continue to invest in the space sector.
Europe’s Multiannual Financial Framework foresees a budget of €16 billion for the EU space program. However, the financial allocation will be negotiated by EU Member States and the European Parliament during 2020.
The funds will allow for a wide participation of industry, research centers and universities, which will serve to promote competitiveness, efficiency and innovation – supporting the collaboration between European industries.
Space will also benefit from funds for innovation and research foreseen in the Horizon Europe program, for which the European Commission has proposed a budget of €100 billion for the period 2021—27. The European Parliament, however, proposes to increase this to €120 billion.
Copernicus was highlighted as a European success story. The increased budget of Earth Observation Programs at ESA’s Space19+ will allow for the initial development, for example, of six new high-priority Copernicus missions, one of which will track global carbon dioxide emissions.
Josef Aschbacher, Director of ESA’s Earth Observation Programs, attended the Space, Security and Defence event, and presented ESA’s contributions to the European space program. He commented, “Copernicus is the world’s largest Earth observation system led by the European Union, while the Copernicus space component is managed by ESA. Today, the central Sentinel data hub provides 250 TB of data per day. Copernicus is a good example of how Europe can work together at its best. Copernicus is a European success story.”
Figure 7: Earth observation at Space, Security and Defence event in Naples, Italy (image credit: ESA)
• 28 November 2019: ESA’s Council at Ministerial Level, Space19+, has concluded in Seville, Spain, with the endorsement of the most ambitious plan to date for the future of ESA and the whole European space sector. The meeting brought together ministers with responsibility for space activities in Europe, along with Canada and observers from the EU. 7) 8) 9)
Figure 8: Ministers from ESA’s Member States, along with Associate Member Slovenia and Cooperating State Canada, gathered in Seville, Spain, 27-28 November 2019, to discuss future space activities for Europe and the budget of Europe’s space agency for the next three years (image credit: ESA, S. Corvaja)
The Member States were asked to approve a comprehensive set of programs to secure Europe’s independent access to and use of space in the 2020s, boost Europe’s growing space economy, and make breakthrough discoveries about Earth, our Solar System and the Universe beyond, all the while making the responsible choice to strengthen the efforts we are making to secure and protect our planet.
For the first time in 25 years, there will be a significant boost in funding for ESA’s world-class and inspirational science program, pushing the boundaries of our understanding of who we are and where we come from. It will allow the first gravitational wave detector in space, LISA, to fly alongside the black hole mission Athena and enable fundamental advances in our understanding of the basic physics of the Universe. There is also a strong reinforcement and accordingly funding for research and development and ESA’s laboratories, to underpin the missions of the future.
Figure 9: Artist's impression of the merger of two supermassive black holes during a galaxy collision. What happens when two supermassive black holes collide? Combining the observing power of two future ESA missions, Athena and LISA, would allow us to study these cosmic clashes and their mysterious aftermath for the first time. (image credit: ESA)
With worldwide partners, Europe will take its place at the heart of space exploration going farther than we have ever gone before – we continue our commitment to the International Space Station until 2030 as well as contributing vital transportation and habitation modules for the Gateway, the first space station to orbit the Moon. ESA's astronauts recruited in 2009 will continue to receive flight assignments until all of them have been to space for a second time, and we will also begin the process of recruiting a new class to continue European exploration in low Earth orbit and beyond. European astronauts will fly to the Moon for the first time. Member States have confirmed European support for a ground-breaking Mars Sample Return mission, in cooperation with NASA.
ESA will help develop the commercial benefits of space for innovators and governments across the Member States, boosting competitiveness in the NewSpace environment. We will develop the first fully flexible satellite systems to be integrated with 5G networks, as well as next-generation optical technology for a fibre-like ‘network in the sky’, marking a transformation in the satellite communication industry. Satellite communications will join forces with navigation to begin satnav for the Moon, while closer to home commercial companies can access funding for new applications of navigation technologies through the NAVISP program. ESA Ministers have secured a smooth transition to the next generation of launchers: Ariane 6 and Vega-C, and have given the green light to Space Rider, ESA’s new reusable spaceship.
Our Member States have committed to the responsible use of our environment both on and off our planet. ESA’s world-leading position in Earth observation will be strengthened with the arrival of 11 new missions, in particular addressing topics linked to climate change, Arctic and Africa.
There was also a significant development with the adoption of Space Safety as a new basic pillar of ESA’s activities. This will lead to new projects in the areas of keeping the space environment operational – through the removal of dangerous debris and plans for automation of space traffic control – and early warnings and mitigation of damage to Earth from hazards from space such as asteroids and solar flares. The Hera mission marks a joint collaboration with NASA to test asteroid deflection capabilities. New investments in the field of cyber-resilience and cyber-training have also been confirmed.
Figure 10: This taken from the new Hera mission trailer featuring rock star Brian May (image credit: ESA, Science Office)
The coming years will also see ESA reinforce its relationship with the European Union and increase its own organizational agility, effectiveness and efficiency.
“Bringing together our Member States, 22 governments that change regularly, and agreeing on such inspirational projects to share a joint future in space might seem an impossible task on paper. But in two days in Seville, we have proved it is possible,” said ESA Director General Jan Wörner. “It is possible because we work together to develop good programs, and it is possible because people are dedicated, and invest all their effort in a long and thorough decision process involving the scientific community, industry and national delegations.
“Together we have put in place a structure that sees inspiration, competitiveness and responsibility underpin our actions for the coming years, with ESA and Europe going beyond our previous achievements with challenging new missions and targets for growth along with the wider industry.”
Co-chairing the meeting, Manuel Heitor, Portuguese Minister of Science, Technology and Higher Education declared: “Today at Space19+ in Seville, together with my colleagues Ministers from ESA Member States, we secured a further step to foster Europe’s competitive position in the global space arena. We approved an ambitious portfolio of space programs, and addressed the challenges linked to the sector. We therefore invited all ESA Member States to seriously engage in taking stock of space activities in a continuous way and strengthen the role of ESA in Europe in close articulation with EC. In addition, we invited ESA Member States to work with ESA to take the necessary steps towards modernizing ESA's industrial policy and guarantee the agency evolves in a way to match a constantly changing environment, changing markets and a fast rate of digital transformation of our societies.”
Also co-chair of the meeting, French Minister of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, Frédérique Vidal said: “Space19+ has demonstrated the value of space as a critical infrastructure and enabler for our daily lives. Thanks to the European excellence in space, we are able to mutually tackle human and global challenges such as climate change, space safety and security. In subscribing to the programs, Member States have made a great step towards inspiring society and renewing our ambition to address those challenges. The high level of subscriptions that was decided at the Sevilla ministerial conference will permit to strengthen the European excellence in space and will also commit us towards European citizens.”
Figure 11: Official group photo Space19+. Ministers from ESA’s Member States, along with Associate Member Slovenia and Cooperating State Canada, gathered in Seville, Spain, 27-28 November 2019, to discuss future space activities for Europe and the budget of Europe’s space agency for the next three years (image credit: ESA, S. Corvaja)
About the European Space Agency
ESA is an intergovernmental organization, created in 1975, with the mission to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space delivers benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world.
ESA has 22 Member States: Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, of which 20 are Member States of the EU.
ESA has established formal cooperation with seven other Member States of the EU. Canada takes part in some ESA programs under a Cooperation Agreement.
By coordinating the financial and intellectual resources of its members, ESA can undertake programs and activities far beyond the scope of any single European country. It is working in particular with the EU on implementing the Galileo and Copernicus programs.
ESA develops the launchers, spacecraft and ground facilities needed to keep Europe at the forefront of global space activities. Today, it develops and launches satellites for Earth observation, navigation, telecommunications and astronomy, sends probes to the far reaches of the Solar System and cooperates in the human exploration of space.
Table 1: Reflections on ESA’s Council Meeting at Ministerial Level, Space19+ 10)
• 27 November 2019: A Memorandum of Cooperation to further commit to strengthening cooperation in the field of space resources and innovation was signed by Luxembourg’s Deputy Prime Minister Etienne Schneider and ESA Director General ESA Jan Wörner. 11)
Figure 12: A Memorandum of Cooperation to further commit to strengthening cooperation in the field of space resources and innovation was signed on 27 November in Seville, Spain, by Luxembourg’s Deputy Prime Minister Etienne Schneider and ESA Director General ESA Jan Wörner (image credit: ESA, P. Sebirot)
- Following the establishment of the SpaceResources.lu initiative in 2016 to promote and develop the research, economic and legal aspects of space resources, ESA and the Luxembourg Space Agency have been working together to explore opportunities for cooperation and have identified common objectives for research and development.
- The Luxembourg Space Agency is establishing ESRIC (European Space Resources Innovation Center), to create additional opportunities for European and international innovation. Its initial focus is on space resource extraction, processing and manufacturing to advance sustainable space exploration.
- The Memorandum signed at ESA’s Ministerial Council Space19+ in Seville, Spain, sees ESA join the Space Resources Innovation Center as a strategic partner, broadening the scope of the activities started under the spaceresources.lu initiative and giving it a more European character.
A common goal
- The cost of launching people and materials into space and the lack of an established, affordable means of resupplying essentials such as fuel and life support is currently a major barrier to sustainable space exploration.
- Overcoming these challenges, by developing technology that turns resources found in space into oxygen and water, fuel or building materials will open up new opportunities for Europe’s exploration of the Solar System, and provide new business opportunities, as well as benefits for communities on Earth.
- ESA is focused on in situ resource utilization to support sustainable exploration of our Solar System. As we look to take our next steps to the Moon and Mars, ESA sees in situ resource utilization as an enabling capability for sustaining human operations.
- The agency has already made significant progress in this area by developing the ESA Strategy for Space Resources that implements a number of ground-based research, technology and mission definition activities, using in situ resources for sustainable space exploration.
- Together with ESA, the Luxembourg Space Agency will set up the facilities that will allow ground-based research on space resources for both public and private researchers from all over Europe, establishing the key European center for space resources utilization.
- The scope of the cooperation will include research, business support and incubation, knowledge management and competence concentration and community management.
• 16 April 2019: The Contribution Agreement between ESA and the EU on space technology activities was signed today by ESA Director General Jan Wörner and the European Commission’s Deputy Director-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs Pierre Delsaux. 12)
The objective of the EU’s In Orbit Demonstration/Validation (IOD/IOV) activities pursued through this agreement, in the frame of the EU’s Horizon 2020 program, is to set the grounds for a potential future provision of a regular IOD/IOV service for new technologies in Europe, based on European solutions for spacecraft, ground segment and launch services.
The choice of the European Commission to delegate ESA with the full implementation of the EU Horizon 2020 IOD/IOV actions acknowledges ESA’s leading expertise in managing such programs and mitigating risks, based on its long-standing experience in managing its own IOD/IOV programs.
Through the agreement, the EU also contributes to ESA’s Light Satellites, Low cost, Launch opportunities (LLL) initiative, specifically for the Proof of Concept demonstration flights for the Vega Small Spacecraft Mission Service (SSMS) and Ariane 6 Microsat Launch Share (MLS).
Figure 13: ESA and EU sign Contribution Agreement on Horizon 2020 space activities (image credit: ESA/European Commission)
• 14 December 2018: The ESA Council held its 277th meeting at the ESOC (European Space Operations Center) in Darmstadt on 12 and 13 December 2018. 13)
The Council welcomed NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, who presented NASA’s vision for future space exploration. Mr Bridenstine praised the long-standing cooperation between ESA and NASA over the past 40 years through more than 260 major agreements including the iconic Hubble Space Telescope.
He strongly advocated international cooperation with ESA regarding space science, Earth science, the extension of the International Space Station operations and recognized the leading role of ESA on space safety and protection of space assets.
Figure 14: The ESA Council 2018 in Darmstadt, Germany, welcomed NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine as guest, here seen at right of ESA Director General Jan Wörner. Also to the right are, Jean Yves Le Gall, Chair of ESA Council, and Elena Grifoni-Winters, Council Secretary and Head of ESA Director General's Cabinet (image credit: ESA)
Looking at the future of exploration, Mr Bridenstine invited ESA to build from the International Space Station towards the Lunar Gateway as a sustainable and reusable outpost around the Moon. He congratulated ESA for delivering in November the first European Service Module as a critical element of the Orion missions and set the horizon for future missions to Mars, including the prospect of a joint cooperation with ESA on Mars Sample Return.
Discussions with the Member States were held in view of the conclusion of the industrial contract to be signed for the production of the first batch of Ariane 6 launchers to be launched after its maiden flight in 2020. ESA proposed a way forward to stabilize the transition until full operational capability of Ariane 6
After almost 40 years of outstanding collaboration with Canada, which will be celebrated next year, the ESA Council unanimously approved the renewal of the cooperation agreement between ESA and the Government of Canada for a period of 10 years.
Finally, the Council unanimously approved the proposal of the Director General concerning the renewal of its Director team of teams covering the four pillars of the agency, namely ‘Applications’, 'Safety and Security', ‘Science and Exploration’, ‘Enabling and Support’ as well as ‘Administration and Industrial Policy’.
• 17 August 2017: ESOC – the European Space Operations Center, in Darmstadt, Germany – has served as Europe’s ‘gateway to space’ for half a century. In 2017, ESOC is celebrating its 50th anniversary, highlighting a rich history of achievement in space. 14)
The articles stated provide a brief overview of ESOC's rich history, which encompasses 77 spacecraft, ranging from communication, weather, Earth observation and climate monitoring satellites to spacecraft studying the Sun or peering deep into our Universe. Exploring our solar system, ESOC has flown missions to the Moon, Mars and Venus, as well as three epoch-making triumphs: Giotto’s flyby of Halley’s Comet in 1986, the Huygens landing on Titan in 2005 and Rosetta’s delivery of Philae to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko in 2014 – humanity’s first-ever landing on a comet.
This special report takes a look at the center’s beginnings in 1967, the pioneering spirit of the early decades, the steady growth of mission operations expertise in Darmstadt, developments at the center and milestones in European space flight, ESOC’s evolving economic importance and the present challenges and future opportunities.
• 02 December 2016: ESA today concluded a two-day Council meeting at ministerial level in Lucerne, Switzerland. Ministers in charge for space matters from ESA’s 22 member states plus Slovenia and Canada allocated €10.3 billion for space activities and programs based on the vision of a United Space in Europe in the era of Space 4.0. 15)
The high level of subscriptions demonstrates once more that ESA’s Member States consider space as a strategic and attractive investment with a particularly high socio-economic value.
It also underlines that ESA is THE European Space Agency capable of channeling their investment to respond effectively to regional, national and European needs by covering all elements of space: science, human spaceflight, exploration, launchers, telecommunications, navigation, Earth observation, applications (combining space, airborne and terrestrial technology), operations and technologies; as well as responding to the needs and challenges of Europe and the Member States by bringing together all stakeholders.
Ministers confirmed the confidence that ESA can conceptualize, shape and organize the change in the European space sector and in ESA itself. While also acting as a global player, broker and mediator at the center of international cooperation in space activities, in areas ranging from the far away in exploration (with the concept of a Moon Village for instance) to supporting closer to home the international global climate research effort following the Paris Agreement of 2015.
At this summit, Ministers in charge of space matters have declared support for ESA’s Director General’s vision for Europe in space and the role and development of ESA: now the Space 4.0i era can start with ESA committing to inform, innovate, interact and inspire. And, building on commercialization, participation, digitalization, jobs and growth, the concept of “United Space in Europe” will soon become a reality.
Figure 15: ESA Council meeting at Ministerial Level, in Lucerne, on 1 December 2016. Ministers in charge of space activities from the 22 ESA Member States, plus Slovenia and Canada met to decide on future space activities for Europe (image credit: ESA, Stephane Corvaja)
• 18 June 2015: ESA’s business incubators hit a milestone this month: they have now fostered 300 start-up companies – and more are joining all the time. 16)
Figure 16: Portuguese Minister of Education and Science Nuno Crato and ESA Director of Technical and Quality Management Franco Ongaro at the fifth Portuguese Space Forum, where the ESA Business Incubation Center Portugal was opened, 5 November 2014 (image credit: TV Ciência) 17)
Thanks to innovations from the many Business Incubation Centers (BICs) start-ups, leading-edge applications that spring from space are spreading throughout Europe.
“Technologies from Europe’s space programs have turned out to be great problem-solvers here on Earth,” notes Franco Ongaro, ESA Director of Technical and Quality Management.
“They are now used in the most diverse applications, from healthcare to transport, from sport to entertainment, from managing Earth’s resources to helping the environment – and many more areas of our daily lives.
“These transfers of space technology result in new companies and jobs improving regional economies and helping to secure Europe’s global competitiveness.
“We have now boosted this spin-off effect by supporting more than 300 new companies, and each year we nurture another 100 via our Technology Transfer Program and incubation centers.”
These start-ups and their entrepreneurs offer smarter and better solutions to problems. For example, safety for lorry drivers at mines in Chile and Botswana has been improved by a Dutch start-up inspired by astronaut monitoring. The carbon emission and fuel consumption of heating systems have been cut by a UK company thanks to advanced coatings on satellite microthrusters.
Figure 17: The EstrellaSat driver fatigue system is now monitoring 30 drivers operating 10 trucks at a high-altitude mine in Peru. The same system is being installed in a mine in Botswana. EstrellaSat, now Wombatt, was supported during start-up by ESA’s Business Incubation Center in Noordwijk, the Netherlands. The system incorporates spin-offs from several space technologies to lowerworkplace incidents caused by fatigue of haulage truck and other large machinery operators in open pit mines (image credit: Stracon GyM S.A.C.)
ESA incubators in eight countries
Many such new offerings are put to the market every year by entrepreneurs hosted by incubators in the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Belgium, the UK, France, Spain and Portugal.
“The ideas from our entrepreneurs and start-ups are in most cases directly based on spin-off from Europe’s space programs,” explains Mr Ongaro.
“It can be a special technology developed for a spacecraft, an ESA patent, our Galileo satnav system, Earth observation satellites data or it can be the reuse of expertise from our development of satellites and launchers that is turned into a novel non-space application. In all cases, it results in a new European company.”
Figure 18: Finding the best wind farm site is simple by using a new system from start-up company Leosphere, hosted at ESA’s Business Incubation Center in Noordwijk, the Netherlands. The lidar technology the company has used is taken from ESA’s forthcoming Aeolus mission, which will do the same task except from space, to capture a 3D map of Earth’s wind fields (image credit: Leosphere) 18)
300 start-ups and many new jobs
The first application round of 2015 saw 21 new start-ups selected, taking the total beyond 300. Among these are good examples of the diversity of business ideas.
In Barcelona, Spain, the company North Europe 2012 will develop an underwater robot to collect detailed data on sea depth, water quality and sea floor details to create accurate 3D underwater maps. Accurate satnav data, autonomous navigation, radio systems and advanced sensors will be combined to develop a prototype.
Figure 19: An unmanned aircraft system guided by satnav has been developed at ESA’s Business Incubation Center in Darmstadt, Germany, to provide rapid monitoring of land areas and disaster zones. The planes have already helped Spanish farmers in Andalusia to fight land erosion (image credit: Mavinci) 19)
In Germany, the young Geodetic Cloud Computing Service company is hosted in Darmstadt to develop a web-based service offering satnav information at higher accuracy, faster and at lower cost than is currently available.
Rather than using conventional satnav data, they will work with the satnav’s phase signal combined with corrective information from ground stations to obtain higher accuracy.
At the Sud France incubator, TRAXxs entrepreneurs will combine satnav tracking and shoes. With miniaturized, low-power microelectronics and antennas embedded in shoes, realtime tracking will be available on smartphones, tablets and web portals.
The Active Aerogels group are hosted in Portugal to develop new uses for aerogels in aircraft manufacturing to improve thermal and acoustic insulation.
Figure 20: The stability of buildings and infrastructures like roads can now be monitored in real time by a new technique with its roots in space. The approach was developed by Italian start-up company Nhazca at ESA’s Business Incubation Center in Lazio near Rome, Italy, by combining satellite Earth observation data and ground-based radar imaging technology, which works in much the same way as satellites scan surfaces on Earth (image credit: NHAZCA) 20)
In Bavaria, Germany, the Vemcon start-up are looking to increase the productivity of bulldozers and other heavy-duty mobile machines by improving the operational tools available to drivers. These machines have become more complex, carrying different tools for a variety of tasks, and Vemcon proposes to use the latest man-machine methodologies to improve the driver’s handling of these large machines.
Incubator approach is expanding
“We expect more BICs, as ESA Member States see the advantage of supporting spin-off from their investment in Europe’s space programs to create successful new local companies and jobs under this initiative,” adds Mr Ongaro. “It is just a matter of taking advantage of all our space technologies, patents and expertise which are ripe and ready to use to create new businesses in Europe.”
Figure 21: ESA's Technology Transfer Program Office coordinates the eleven ESA Business Incubation Centers (BICs) in nine countries (image credit: ESA) 21)
ESA Training Program for YGT (Young Graduate Trainees) from Universities
The Young Graduate Trainee program offers a one-year experience at ESA and is a launch pad for many exciting opportunities in aerospace, research institutes or in international organizations such as ESA. 22)
Are you about to take your finals? Or do you already have your Master’s degree? If so, then you can apply to ESA as a 'Young Graduate Trainee' (YGT). This high-caliber program lasts for one year and gives successful applicants an opportunity to gain valuable experience in the development and operation of space missions.
Table 2: The application procedure
Some reports from Trainees & from Workshops and Program Announcements
ESA Academy’s Ladybird Guide to Spacecraft Communications Training Course 2020 gives students new perspectives
• 06 March 2020: Thirty Bachelor, Master and PhD students from 11 different ESA Member and Associate States have successfully completed the fifth edition of ESA Academy’s Ladybird Guide to Spacecraft Communications Training Course. Taking place between 18 – 21 February 2020, and hosted at ESA Academy’s Training and Learning Center, ESEC-Galaxia in Belgium, the course was delivered by a senior ESA engineer from the Operations Department of ESOC. 23)
Also attending were 20 students who were unable to be present in person, but rather participated via Livestream. Explained one of these, a Spanish student from ISAE-SUPAERO, "this course has been not only a hugely educational experience with the impressively good trainer, but also a really interesting and challenging one that has allowed me to meet some truly interesting people. The fact that the course was livestreamed did not detract at all from its usefulness or my enjoyment of it, and one can only hope to be involved in similar activities in the future."
The course’s objective was to familiarize students with the fundamental concepts that lie at the heart of spacecraft communications. The “Ladybird approach” was taken, meaning that lectures took an overview of topics rather than getting lost in details, with mathematical and analytical perspectives kept to a minimum. The course was peppered with easily understandable examples and accessible diagrams. A secondary objective was to “fill the gap” between spacecraft operators and telecommunications designers. Often designers have difficulty considering the operators’ points of view, which is a challenge that needs to be addressed when designing a ground station or telecommunications subsystem of a spacecraft.
Content was split into six key spacecraft telecommunications topics:
- Signal modulation and demodulation
- Channel coding
- Communication protocols
- Signal reception
- An overview of some real ground stations.
The trainer has many years of experience with spacecraft operations, and was able to supply ample real-life examples of spacecraft missions and operational scenarios, bringing students close to the actual problems that may be encountered. During lectures the participants were challenged with quizzes, putting themselves into the position of operators facing mission communication problems, and inviting them to devise solutions!
The pressure was then turned up as the students were tasked with a group exercise to put theory into practise. They were divided into three teams, which after careful consideration they named Atlas, Sagittarius, and Omega. These teams each had to produce a “Ladybird Design” of the communications system for a fictional mission. On the final day, they had to operate their spacecraft during a simulated communications scenario. Eight online students formed a fourth team in order to complete the exercise. With some tips from the trainer along the way, all teams performed well in the simulation, ably demonstrating the knowledge they had gained in just a few days!
In addition to the lectures and group exercise, the on-site students enjoyed a visit to ESEC-Redu with three Operations Engineers. Beginning with introductions about the site and information about the PROBA and GALILEO satellite programs, the keen attendees continued on to visit the PROBA Operations Room to gain insight into how ESEC-Redu communicates with these satellites. They also explored the Baseband Equipment Room, as well as inside the Redu 1 Antenna (boasting a 15 m diameter dish). During the visit, the students asked questions direct to the satellite and ground station engineers that work in ESEC-Redu, complementing their training by learning from real-life experiences.
“This training course was amazing!”concluded a Portuguese student from Instituto Superior Técnico, participating online. “We had the opportunity to learn a lot of things about spacecraft communication as well as get to know about some of the problems that occurred in the past. This was really insightful and was also one of the main reasons why this course was so engaging! Although the course could be a little demanding at times, since we were learning so many things in so short time, the fact that everyone who participated in the livestream was so enthusiastic and always ready to help each other made me feel really motivated. I would say this was a stupendous opportunity and I am really happy I was able to take part in it.”
Figure 22: After an intense week the university students received their certificates of participation (image credit: ESA)
New CubeSat missions selected for the third cycle of Fly Your Satellite!
• 02 March 2020: Three university teams have been selected for the third edition of the Fly Your Satellite! program following a call for proposals open in the second half of 2019. The CubeSats’ evaluation and selection was carried out by a CubeSat Evaluation Panel, consisting of ESA experts from a range of disciplines. 24)
Figure 23: Photo of the participants at the 'Fly your Satellite! 3rd Selection Workshop (photo: ESA)
ESA invited university student teams from ESA Member States, Canada and Slovenia that are developing a one, two or three-unit CubeSat with mainly educational objectives to propose their satellite for the third edition of the “Fly Your Satellite!” (FYS) program. Student teams from many universities worked hard to prepare proposals which were reviewed by a CubeSat Evaluation Panel.
The selection process culminated with a Selection Workshop held at ESTEC in December 2019, where seven teams -shortlisted as the best proposals among the applications submitted to ESA- presented their CubeSat mission. During the same week, the students were offered a number of lectures offered by ESA specialists.
All shortlisted CubeSat student teams did an outstanding job in presenting their missions and responding to the questions raised by the ESA specialists. Although the decision was not easy for the CubeSat Evaluation Panel due to the excellent quality of all CubeSat proposals, finally the following three teams were selected:
• AcubeSAT, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki – Greece
The Aristotle Space & Aeronautics Team (ASAT) is composed of students from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. ASAT is developing a CubeSat to conduct a biological experiment that investigates molecular mechanisms that are affected by the space conditions. In particular, they will probe the dynamic regulation of gene expression of eukaryotic cells in Low Earth Orbit, using advances in Synthetic Biology and MEMS (Micro-Electromechanical Systems).
• SOURCE, University of Stuttgart – Germany
SOURCE (Stuttgart Operated University Research CubeSat for Evaluation and Education) is a mission of the small-satellite student society at the University of Stuttgart with educational and technological objectives. Their CubeSat will monitor the processes involved in uncontrolled entry into Earth's atmosphere by imaging meteoroids and using in-situ heat flux measurements to characterize demise.
• UCAnFly, University of Cadiz – Spain
UCAnFly is an educational nanosatellite developed by a student team from the University of Cadiz. Their objective is to explore the feasibility of novel miniaturized magnetic measurement systems at miliHertz frequencies with low-noise conditions. The mission will allow the in-flight characterization of the system under the harsh space environment.
The selected teams will begin to work on preparing for the Critical Design Review in collaboration with ESA, and their technical documentation will be reviewed by ESA specialists in different areas of expertise.
In recognition of the great work of the other CubeSat teams that unfortunately could not be selected, ESA Education will offer support to the teams, by inviting students to attend one of the training sessions organized by the ESA Academy Training and Learning Program (TLP).
Complementary to the Fly Your Satellite! program, the ESA Education Office offers 5-day training weeks dedicated to CubeSats in collaboration with the ESA Academy Training and Learning Program. The training weeks particularly aim at university students and teams in early phases of CubeSat projects, and include a CubeSats Concurrent Engineering Workshop, and a CubeSat Hands-On Training Week. In the future a CubeSats Testing Training Week will be included in the portfolio.
A new cycle under Gravity
• 06 February 2020: From the 28th of January to the 31st of February 2020, five student teams participating in the Spin, Drop and Fly Your Thesis! 2020 programs met at ESEC-Galaxia in Belgium for the ESA Academy’s Gravity-Related Experiments Training Week 2020. 25)
These students, selected at the end of 2019, were provided with elaborate workshops and lectures. The teams got to know one another and their experiments a bit better during the week, and they learned why so many various research fields require altered gravity in order to conduct ground breaking science.
What are the 2020 gravity-related experiments?
Once again, the student experiments selected represent the wide diversity in the sciences and technologies that need altered gravity environments.
The program 'Fly Your Thesis! 2020' will provide parabolic flights to two teams. The British team RELOX aims at monitoring electrolysis efficiency under different g-levels to investigate oxygen production for future manned space mission, and the German team AIMIS-FYT intends to develop a resin 3D-printing process based on UV-curing for space applications.
The Polish team Black Spheres selected for 'Drop Your Thesis!' will analyse objects’ non-linear motion in microgravity conditions generated in the ZARM Drop Tower.
On the other side of gravity’s scale, the program 'Spin your Thesis!' is fully related to biomedical sciences. The Portuguese team ARTEMIS will study the impacts of hypergravity on the efficiency of gastro-intestinal permeability and drug delivery whilst the Italian team TOFU will investigate the effects of hypergravity on the binding of Tau-proteins to microtubules, trying to better understand the mechanisms of diseases such as Alzheimer.
In order to help the teams to reach their ambitious goals, a special recipe was cooked up for this Gravity-Related Experiments Training Week.
Figure 24: Gravity-related experiments training week group photo (photo credit: ESA)
Step 1 - First contact with gravity
After an introduction to ESA and its activities, the workshop started with a lecture on the history of gravity, from Galileo’s discoveries to ESA future missions such as LISA, which will monitor gravitational waves with three satellites localised at Lagrange Point L1. Not all the students had a space-related background and this first glimpse of space activities raised their interest:
"The GREAT training week was a fruitful experience! […] Being able to be in the Space Agency and contact with space related matters was really a unique opportunity for us and aroused even more interest to the space science," commented a student from Artemis.
Figure 25: Presentation of the effect of gravity on the vestibulo-ocular system (photo credit: ESA)
After such an inspiring way to initiate this week dedicated to gravity-related experiments, practical activities were carried out to demonstrate concrete examples of gravity in our everyday environment. The students had the opportunity to grow their own seeds in a simulated micro-gravity setup to alter natural gravitropism, monitor the effect of gravity on their own vestibular-ocular system and blood pressure.
Step 2 - Glimpse of advice from the platforms’ experts
No one is better able to teach the students how to design experiments for specific platforms than the platform experts. Therefore, engineers and scientists working for the Large Centrifuge Diameter (ESTEC, The Netherlands), the Zero-G A-310 (Novespace, France) and the Bremen Drop Tower (ZARM, Germany) were invited to present their facilities and meet the teams. This prime contact sealed the first of numerous upcoming meetings as the students will also be in direct contact with these experts during the development of their experiment.
These face-to-face meetings enabled the teams to better frame their objectives and make early discoveries of the main technical challenges of their experiments. The sessions with the experts paid off, as students from Black Spheres and AIMIS-FYT remarked.
“All the lectures, training sessions and time with engineers were really well tailored to help define the project properly”.
“The experts shared a lot of helpful information in a very efficient way, which will help us a lot in the upcoming development process”.
In addition, former students who participated in last year’s programs delivered presentations on their own experiences, thus giving precious lessons-learned on the challenges the new teams will face.
Step 3 – A touch of hands-on
The development of an experiment set-up, whether for parabolic flight, drop tower or centrifuge, also requires at least basic engineering knowledge. Hence, interactive workshops on system engineering, 3D design and automation were delivered in order to help the students further develop their skills.
The aim of the system engineering workshop was to provide the students with enough knowledge on setting requirements to their experiments in accordance with ECSS standards, concepts that most students encountered for the first-time last week but are at the heart of all space-related projects.
In order to gain knowledge valuable for the design of their hardware, half of the students attended a workshop on SolidWorks, where they were taught the main rules of Computer-Aided Design. Finally, as for some platforms it will not be possible to manually operate the experiments during their execution, an automation workshop allowed students to learn how to implement automation techniques in experiments.
Step 4 – The final hint of organization
For most students, participating in a hands-on gravity-related project offers them a first encounter to a large project involving many stakeholders and external partners. Topics such as project and risk management, finances, documentation, communication and outreach were discussed in great length. Especially in times of pressure and stress, these aspects are often overlooked, when in reality they are crucial for good project completion. The message was well received by the team: “The lectures about how to manage relationships with stakeholders and the preparatory work before the campaign were fundamental", said one student from team TOFU. Said another, “The training week gave us the opportunity to acquire knowledge about how to manage our project successfully. In particular, what I really appreciated was the part dedicated to project communication because nowadays it's very difficult to sensitize people about scientific research".
The intense week ended with an engaging lecture by the French ESA astronaut Leopold Eyharts, who flew twice, to MIR and the ISS.
Figure 26: Léopold Eyharts, French astronaut, giving a lecture about the International Space Station (photo credit: ESA)
Now that the workshop is over, the teams are back home, motivated to pursue the development of their experiment. Besides preparing the team for the year ahead, the workshop was also valuable from an individual point of view, as summarized by another student from TOFU: "This experience will be one of the most crucial in my professional and scientific development. I've discovered and acquired plenty of tools about thinking, projecting and implementing research, all of which will be determinant in my future career."
Concurrent Engineering takes students to the edge of the Solar System
• 31 January, 2020: 30 university students from 12 different ESA Member States and Canada have begun the new year in style by attending ESA Academy’s latest Concurrent Engineering Workshop. Held from 14 to 17 January 2020, the event took place at ESA Academy’s Training and Learning Facility, ESA-ESEC, Belgium — which is also home to ESA’s educational Concurrent Design Facility (CDF). Providing tuition and technical expertise were two ESA Systems Engineers, supported by a National Trainee as a Systems Engineering Assistant, all from ESA’s Systems and Concurrent Engineering Section. 26)
Figure 27: Group photo of participating students (image credit: ESA)
The workshop’s goal was to familiarize students with the Concurrent Engineering approach, and its many benefits for spacecraft design. Participants would also gain experience with the Open Concurrent Design Tool (OCDT) used in ESA’s CDF.
On the very first day, the students were given their challenge: use Concurrent Engineering to design a mission, called EDGE, to explore our Solar System’s heliopause – the limiting region where the Sun’s solar wind is dissipated by the interstellar medium. To make this ambitious task even more difficult, EDGE would need to be very low-cost, making CubeSat’s technology the practical choice. Could the students work together to complete their design in just four days?
A French student from Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées explained, “It was amazing to share a few days with people with the same passion for space, because if you put them together you can only have an amazing result. It was perfectly balanced between working hard, being super focussed, having fun, improving technical skills, communication skills, working as a big team and celebrating all together.”
The participants got to work right away, splitting into different teams to cover the vital aspects:
- Trajectory analysis
- Attitude and Orbit Control Subsystems (AOCS)
- Communications & Data Handling
- Optics & Sensors.
Figure 28: University students learning about the Concurrent Engineering approach (image credit: ESA)
The ESA Systems Engineers encouraged the students to create several iterations of their designs, with each one an improvement on the previous effort. Assessing the needs and functions of each team was an important early step, before proceeding to consolidate the overall design.
It did not take long before the scale of the task became apparent. Reaching the edge of the Solar System is hugely challenging, especially when restricted to only CubeSats! To tackle the volume and mass constraints while guaranteeing the scientific performance of the mission, they had to consider many different trajectories and system options, including electrical propulsion, gravity assists, a large deployable antenna and a solar reflector.
The students then continued with their refinements, carefully considering what needed extra attention, before the third and final iteration. This allowed further improvements and fine-tuning of all the sub-systems, enhancing the design toward an ultimate convergence of all of the components.
A German student from Darmstadt University of Technology was particularly impressed with what Concurrent Engineering makes possible. “Going from a state of ‘how could we ever hope to achieve this?’ to a concept that actually looks feasible in a matter of days, reiterating and planning together with all subsections present in one room, showed me what the Concurrent Engineering approach is capable of — not just for the space sector, but for every early design phase of a project! I hope to apply it at a future workplace one day.”
To conclude the week, the students presented their results to the ESA experts. They detailed their final design, explaining the trade-offs they had to perform to obtain the best results, as well as proposing potential improvements and open tasks to still be performed. The experts were highly satisfied with the overall design and the results of each team! The students then received their certificate of participation. This document, along with the transcript of the workshop, will allow the participants to claim ECTS credit(s) from their university.
In addition to the workshop’s core challenge, participants also had the chance to play the EcoDesign game, learning about the environmental impacts of a space mission and lifecycle assessments of a satellite. A visit to ESEC-Redu and the PROBA Control Room was also organized, which was greatly enjoyed by all.
“It has been an incredible week,”declared an Italian student from the University of Bristol. “We had full immersion into the process that CDF engineers at ESTEC use every time they develop a space mission concept and assess its feasibility. And we got to use it for an extremely challenging mission. I had the time of my life and would definitely love to wake up every day to go to work if this was my job. This experience has enriched me so much, both professionally and personally. Thanks to everyone that made this possible.”
Figure 29: Final design presentation of the Structures team (image credit: ESA)
University teams rose to the challenge during ‘Fly Your Satellite!’ Selection Workshop this week
• 17 December 2019: For the past week, 9-13 December 2019, 60 university students representing seven teams from seven universities have been taking part in ESA Education’s Fly Your Satellite! Selection Workshop, hosted at ESTEC (European Space Research and Technology Center). These participants were vying for the chance to be accepted to the Fly Your Satellite! program, in which they will design, test and launch their own CubeSat – a miniature fully-functional satellite – into space! Having successfully completed the proposal and short-listing processes earlier this year, the Selection Workshop was the mandatory next step toward admission to the program. 27)
Figure 30: Group photo of Selection Workshop attendees (image credit: ESA)
The participating teams and their missions were:
1) Aalto-3, Aalto University, Finland: demonstrate complex signal analysis with a Software-Defined Radio payload.
2) AcubeSAT, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece: demonstrate lab-on-a-chip technology for biological experiments in Low Earth Orbit.
3) CLIMB, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt, Austria: use a propulsion system to reach the inner Van-Allen belt and measure the radiation environment.
4) MIST, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden: characterize the radiation environment and radiation effects in Low Earth Orbit.
5) SOURCE, University of Stuttgart, Germany: image meteors during entry into Earth’s atmosphere, and characterize re-entry of the CubeSat.
6) UCAnFly, Universidad de Cadiz, Spain: measure magnetic fields with low noise using shielded magnetoresistive sensors.
7) WUSAT-3, University of Warwick, United Kingdom: demonstrate a signal direction finding payload to locate wildlife tracking tags.
Figure 31: FYS (Fly Your Satellite) students attending lectures during the workshop (image credit: ESA)
The students presented their projects (30 minutes per team) to a panel of ESA experts and they were questioned on various aspects of their missions during a subsequent question and answer session. Students were required to justify design decisions to the panel, proving that they and their missions have what it takes to be successful. A set of lectures were offered by ESA specialists, dedicated to equipping potential teams with the knowledge and resources necessary to undertake the first milestones of the Fly Your Satellite! program. The topics of the lectures included project level activities, such as Assembly, Integration and Verification, Product Assurance and CubeSat reliability or Space Debris Mitigation, as well as technical content on the subsystems of a satellite.
The students will now wait for the evaluation outcome and to find out if they can progress to the first phase. Successful teams will then be challenged to prepare for the Critical Design Review of their satellites. To complete this, the selected teams will have to produce a “data package”, which is the documentation to be presented to ESA reviewers so they can assess the readiness and maturity of the selected student teams’ projects. With this information, ESA experts will be equipped to identify any blocking points to be resolved by students in order to pass the Critical Design Review.
• 05 December 2019: Eleni joined ESA in October 2018 to work on the MC (Visual Monitoring Camera) of Mars Express. She shares her experience from ESAC in Spain where she helps observe the red planet. 28)
Hi Eleni, could you introduce yourself to our readers?
- My name is Eleni, I am 23 years old, I was born and raised in the UK but am half British and half Greek. I have been passionate about space since a very young age so after initial studies in Geography, I studied for a Masters Degree in Planetary Science at UCL in London during which time I applied to be a YGT at ESA.
What do you as a YGT?
- At ESA, I work for the Mars Express Mission in the Science Ground Segment Team at ESAC. My role specifically deals with the Visual Monitoring Camera instrument. This is an instrument on-board Mars Express which was originally designed to be an engineering camera and is now used as a scientific instrument.
Figure 32: Photo of Eleni Ravanis at ESA/ESAC (photo credit: ESA, Loraine B)
How did that shift in use come about?
- The VMC (Visual Monitoring Camera) is a wide-angle camera, which means that we can take pictures of Mars with the entire planet, or large regions, in the shot. It is a relatively low-resolution camera but it allows us to collect scientific information and data for atmospheric observation. For example, in the past few days we have seen evidence of high-altitude clouds around Mars, which our science team is studying.
Figure 33: Image from VMC on-board Mars Express acquired on 27 November 2019 (image credit: ESA)
What do you do on a day-to-day basis?
- This changes throughout the month as we work through the planning cycle for Mars Express. Over the past couple of days, I have been adding limb observations for VMC, using ESA’s planning program ‘MAPPS’. I find it really exciting to know that we plan these now, and then in about two months a camera orbiting around Mars will take these pictures! The rest of the month, I am working on data processing with our pipeline written in Python, and discussing things like calibration with our science colleagues at the UPV/EHU university in Bilbao. Most of my time right now is spent preparing datasets for ingestion into the Planetary Science Archive, so that VMC data can be more widely used by the community.
Do you have fun?
- Definitely, the Mars Express team are really kind, enthusiastic and supportive, and I was given responsibilities quite quickly which I liked.
Have you always been passionate about space?
- Definitely! Although my undergraduate degree was in geography I have always been passionate about space. Most people think that you have to study physics to work in the space sector, I don’t think that is true. I think it is useful to have a background in geography and/or planetary science and apply that to other areas.
From all the opportunities published, how did you choose the one you applied for?
- I was really interested in Mars missions or future Human Exploration missions so my first action was to look for ‘Mars’ using the search tool! After I narrowed down my selection, I was really inspired by the opportunity related to the Mars Express Mission and happily my background was also better suited to this position.
- Interestingly, during the Young Professional Event at ESA this year, another YGT told me “I almost applied for your position” and the funny thing was that I almost applied for her position! So it ended well that we both applied for the one that we eventually got!
What are your plans for next year?
- I am now into an extension for a second year, so I am very excited to continue my mission with the Mars Express team! After this year, I hope to do a PhD (continuing with Mars science).
And we usually ask for one piece of advice to share with people who would like to apply. What would yours be?
- Apply for the opportunity that you find the most interesting. Look carefully at the criteria, select one and show how it matches your profile and your interests.
- And if you are selected for an interview, and at some point someone asks you a question and you don’t know the answer, explain how you would try to know. During my interview, my supervisor asked me something I didn’t know. It was a bit daunting, but I replied “ok, now I don’t know, but here is what I would do to find the answer” and that is the attitude they were looking for.
• 02 December 2019: Nicolas Soubirous, Spacecraft Operations Engineer, shares his YGT (Young Graduate Trainee) experience at ESA, working in the EarthCARE, SEOSat & SMOS Missions Operations Unit at ESOC, Germany. 29)
Figure 34: Nicolas Soubirous of France shares his YGT (Young Graduate Trainee) experience at ESA (video credit: ESA)
• 30 November 2019: Ina's YGT experience in space architecture and infrastructure. 30)
Figure 35: Ina Cheibas talks about her Young Graduate Trainee (YGT) experience in the Advanced Concepts Team at ESTEC, The Netherlands, where her role was to propose and develop additive manufacturing techniques for a space habitat with in situ resources (video credit: ESA)
• 26 November 2019: Pierre-Yves Cousteau is a marine conservationist, professional diver and filmmaker. Prior to exploring the oceans like his father Jacques-Yves Cousteau, the famous undersea explorer, he joined ESA as a Young Graduate Trainee in 2008. Pierre-Yves shares his recollections of ESA and the space sector and his experience of now being the head of his own marine conservation citizen’s organization. 31)
- One of his ongoing activities, Project Hermes, aims to improve climate models by supplementing sea surface temperatures from satellites with in situ measurements, to better understand and protect the ocean.
- Pierre-Yves, after several years, what’s the first thing that comes to mind when you think about your YGT experience?
- The amazing colleagues and friends that I met there. I also keep fond memories of casually meeting astronauts in the office hallway, how cool is that? I also remember strolling around the propulsion laboratory and seeing the amazing projects going on in there. ESTEC is such a playground for the mind, constantly stimulating!
- What did you do as a YGT?
- I worked on coordination between the Agency’s engineers and scientists who were planning to fly biology experiments to the International Space Station (ISS). My job was to go back and forth between the two until all requirements for both parties were met. Once done, I gathered all the information into a report, one of the many moving pieces required to take the experiment to the ISS.
- What did you study that led you to this job?
- I started my undergraduate degree in general biology. I was passionate about understanding the origin of life on Earth and exobiology. That quickly brought me from the stars to the oceans, but at the time I joined the International Space University to learn more about space studies.
- This led me to do an internship at NASA Ames. An amazing experience. We went to the Atacama Desert in Chile, the driest place on Earth where it rains every eleven years. Due to its surface conditions, it is considered a Mars analogue on Earth. I was in charge of finding and studying nematodes in the soil. These microscopic worms have the uncanny ability to remain dormant in a dry state (anhydrobiosis) for thousands of years until water becomes available again.
- After my internship, I really wanted to understand all these processes of anhydrobiosis and evolutionary biochemistry. So I went back to university for a Master’s degree in biochemistry before I applied for a YGT position in biology at ESTEC.
- And after your YGT, did you continue to work in the space sector?
- I became a diving instructor just before finishing my YGT and while I was scuba diving, I realized that I wanted to focus on that. I really love diving and my name being Cousteau, I thought ‘maybe I should do something about it!’ And I did.
- I founded Cousteau Divers, the organization I’ve run for 10 years, with the aim of bringing together a community of divers and ocean lovers, and giving them a way to effectively share their knowledge of the ocean. Basically, a platform to share what we explore during our dives, pictures of the species we see, how the area evolves. Cousteau Divers has evolved quite a bit in the past ten years and this year we’re launching Project Hermes to monitor climate change beneath the surface of the ocean (www.project-hermes.com).
- Tell us more about Project Hermes!
- What I do now is more related to the conservation of the natural environment on Earth and specifically the oceans. There is such an emergency to protect our planet so I am trying to do my bit in that. - One of the hopes for Project Hermes is to help ground-truth satellites measuring sea surface temperatures and improve climate models.
- The ocean plays a major role in the climate system, it is basically Earth’s air conditioning, absorbing 90% of the planet’s heat. In the shallow areas, there is a lot of exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean through wave action and a lot of the ocean’s biodiversity is located in the coastal areas. Dive computers are unfortunately not accurate enough to measure temperatures for scientific purposes. We are specifically looking to monitor thermoclines, the temperature layers in the oceans where change can be several degrees within a 2-3 cm depth change. There are missing pieces of information today in our understanding of how the oceans work.
- How will temperature be monitored around the world?
- Thanks to the work of Project Hermes volunteers including our two brilliant engineers, Brad Bazemore and Brendon Walters, our device ‘Remora’ was born this year. It can easily be fixed onto a scuba diving tank which means that any diver around the world can participate in this project. The device is a data platform collecting information with high precision and sending it seamlessly to our cloud application in near real-time. The entire project is open-source, and invites divers and engineers to collaborate in better understanding the ocean.
- What’s your advice to students who would like to apply for a YGT?
- Do your best and enjoy the ride. The more you put into your work environment, the more you get out of it. In retrospect (and this doesn’t apply only to my YGT experience but to most of my career and my personal life too), it is not so much where you work and who you work for than who you work with that can shape your experience. At ESA, I found really wonderful, inspiring people who helped me grow as a person, professionally and personally.
Figure 36: Pierre-Yves Cousteau (photo credit: Remy Steiner)
• 25 November 2019: YGT experience in the ESA Future Missions Office. 32)
Figure 37: Priya Patel, System Engineer, talks about her experience as a Young Graduate Trainee (YGT) working on the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna Mission (LISA), video credit: ESA
• 14 September 2019: How to come up with an idea for Mission Space Lab. 33)
Figure 38: For those looking for ideas for Mission Space Lab, this video offers some tips on how to come up with experiments by taking into account the AstroPi sensors available as well as some practical constraints (video credit: ESA)
”ESA scales down science mission operations amid pandemic,”
ESA / Science & Exploration / Space Science, 24 March 2020, URL: http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Scienc
”Mission Control adjusts to coronavirus conditions,” ESA /
Enabling & Support / Operations, 18 March 2020, URL: http://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Operations
3) ”Coronavirus and ESA’s duty of care,” ESA / About Us / Corporate news, 17 March 2020, URL: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Coronavirus_and_ESA_s_duty_of_care
4) ”Europe and the world battle the surging SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,” ESA, 13 March 2020, URL: https://www.esahq.org/esa-news/europe-and-the-world-battle-the-surging-sars-cov-2-pandemic/
5) ”ESA highlights 2019,” ESA, 30 December 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2019/12/ESA_highlights_2019
”Earth observation at Space, Security and Defence event,”
ESA / Applications / Observing the Earth, 11 December 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/Applications/Observing_the_Earth
7) ”ESA ministers commit to biggest ever budget,” ESA Press Release No 22-2019, 28 November 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/ESA_ministers_commit_to_biggest_ever_budget
9) ” European Space Technology Master Plan,” ESA, Space19+ edition, 2019, URL: https://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/technology/ESTMP_2019_Space19plus_brochure_edition.pdf
10) ”Record funding for European space investments in Seville,” ESA / Corporate News, 02 December 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/About_Us
11) ”ESA and Luxembourg Space Agency confirm partnership on space resources,” ESA, 27 November 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news
12) ”ESA and EU sign Contribution Agreement on Horizon 2020 space activities,” ESA corporate news, 16 April 2019, URL: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news
13) ”Update from ESA Council, December 2018,” ESA corporate news, 14 December 2018, URL: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Corporate_news/Update_from_ESA_Council_December_2018
14) ”Brief history of ESOC,” ESA / ESOC history / Highlights, 17 August 2017, URL: http://www.esa.int/About_Us/ESOC/ESOC_history/Highlights/Brief_history_of_ESOC
”European ministers ready ESA for a United Space in Europe in the
era of Space 4.0,” ESA, Ministerial Council 2016, 02 December
2016, URL: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Ministerial_Council_2016
”From ESA: more than 300 new companies,” ESA / Applications
/ Telecommunications & Integrated Applications / Technology
Transfer, 18 June 2015, URL: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Telecommunications_Integrated_Applications
17) ”Opening ESA BIC Portugal - Nuno Crato and Franco Ongaro at the Space Exhibition,” ESA, 10 November 2014, URL: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Telecommunications_Integrated_Applications
18) ”Optimize wind energy,” ESA, 18 June 2015, URL: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2015/06/Optimise_wind_energy
19) ”Mavinci help fight land erosion by unmanned aircraft,” ESA, 18 June 2015, URL: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Telecommunications_Integrated_Applications
20) ”ESA BIC startup on landslides,” ESA, 3 December 2014, URL: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2015/06/ESA_BIC_startup_on_landslides
21) ”ESA Business Incubation Centers - December 2015,” ESA, 8 December 2014, URL: https://www.esa.int/Applications/Telecommunications_Integrated_Applications
22) ”Graduates: Young Graduate Trainees,” ESA, URL: https://www.esa.int/About_Us/Careers_at_ESA/Graduates_Young_Graduate_Trainees
”ESA Academy’s Ladybird Guide to Spacecraft Communications
Training Course 2020 gives students new perspectives,” ESA /
Education / ESA Academy, 06 March 2020, URL: http://www.esa.int/Education
24) ”New CubeSat missions selected for the third cycle of Fly Your Satellite!,” ESA, 2 March 2020, URL: http://www.esa.int/Education/CubeSats_-_Fly_Your_Satellite
25) ”A new cycle under Gravity,” ESA, 6 February 2020, URL: http://www.esa.int/Education/ESA_Academy/A_new_cycle_under_Gravity
”Concurrent Engineering takes students to the edge of the Solar
System,” ESA / Education / ESA Academy, 31 January 2020, URL: http://www.esa.int/Education/ESA_Academy
”University teams rose to the challenge during ‘Fly Your
Satellite!’ Selection Workshop this week,” ESA / Education
/ CubeSats - Fly Your Satellite!, 17 December 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/Education/CubeSats_-_Fly_Your_Satellite/University_teams_
28) ”Travel to Mars with Eleni Ravanis, YGT at ESA!,” ESA / About Us / Careers at ESA, 05 December 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/About_Us
29) ”Nicolas's YGT as a Spacecraft Operations Engineer,” ESA, 2 December 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2019
30) ”Ina's YGT experience in space architecture and infrastructure,” ESA, 30 November 2019, URL: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2019/11
31) ”From the stars to the ocean, Pierre-Yves Cousteau’s YGT experience,” ESA, 26 November 2019, URL: http://www.esa.int/About_Us/Careers_at_ESA
32) Priya's YGT experience in the ESA Future Missions Office!,ESA 25 November 2019, URL: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2019/11
33) ”How to come up with an idea for Mission Space Lab,” ESA, 14 September 2019, URL: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Videos/2019/09
The information compiled and edited in this article was provided by Herbert J. Kramer from his documentation of: ”Observation of the Earth and Its Environment: Survey of Missions and Sensors” (Springer Verlag) as well as many other sources after the publication of the 4th edition in 2002. - Comments and corrections to this article are always welcome for further updates (email@example.com). | aerospace |
http://www.relativelyinteresting.com/juno-jupiter-mission-discoveries-pictures/ | 2018-03-22T21:37:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257648003.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20180322205902-20180322225902-00750.warc.gz | 0.955208 | 978 | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__67876226 | en | At some point in their lives, everyone looks up at the night sky and wonders what is really out there and what is still waiting to be discovered. Thanks to the NASA scientists and engineers, the public has access to scientific data of the planets in our solar system that may not be reached by humans in our lifetime. Their exploratory missions utilizing satellites and probes seek to learn about the planets and other phenomena in our solar system and beyond. One such satellite is known as Juno, and it is part of the Juno Mission to orbit Jupiter and collect data and samples to learn more about our solar system’s largest planet.
Launched on August 5th, 2011, the Juno probe is currently orbiting Jupiter after reaching the planet in July of 2016. Juno is the second spacecraft created as a part of NASA’s New Frontiers Program and it is set to study Jupiter for 2 years. Juno’s primary goals are to determine the composition of Jupiter’s atmosphere, search for the presence of water, and study the magnetic and gravitational fields of the planet.
After its launch, the Juno probe traveled 365 million miles over the course of 5 years to reach Jupiter. Despite this great distance, Jupiter can actually be seen from Earth. On nights when the sky is clear, Jupiter is visible as a bright dot even without a telescope. However, if you are using one affordable telescope for beginners, you can even see a few of the moons of Jupiter including Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. With a more advanced telescope, the moving clouds and gases of Jupiter can be seen as well.
While watching Jupiter from Earth can be a fun and entertaining past time, the goals of the Juno probe are far more research-oriented. For the past 10 months, Juno has been orbiting Jupiter and collecting data on the planet. All of this time that Juno has spent in close proximity to Jupiter begs the question: what has Juno actually found?
One of the major discoveries so far is the fact that Jupiter’s visible stripes are much deeper than initially thought. These stripes are consisted of clouds and swirling gases and cannot be penetrated by visible light. However, Juno is equipped with microwave instrumentation that allows it to probe the layers of clouds to whatever depth it chooses and study the formations at these particular depths. The farthest these instruments have been able to reach is 250 miles below the surface of the initial cloud layer, and the slight pattern differences in the lower layers suggest that the stripes are dynamic and constantly evolving.
Another crucial part of Juno’s mission is to study the magnetic fields of Jupiter, particularly around the north and south poles. One natural phenomenon of note occurring near the poles of Jupiter is the auroras, which are influenced by the magnetic field of the planet. Similar in appearance to Earth’s own auroras, the auroras on Jupiter were first seen by the Hubble Space Telescope and became an important part of Juno’s exploratory mission.
Interestingly, Juno’s measurements revealed that the auroras were not consistent with what NASA expected. The initial findings showed that certain aspects of the auroras that were expected to be seen were not actually found, and that other aspect that was not expected to be there were indeed present.
During the same flyby in which Juno observed Jupiter’s auroras, the probe found some interesting results regarding the planet’s magnetic field. When Juno reached its closest position to the planet, the magnetic data it received began to differ greatly from what was predicted. The probe found that the magnetic field was much stronger suggesting that Jupiter’s internal magnetic field is much more complex than had been previously assumed in the planetary model.
Before Juno’s 2 years mission comes to a dramatic close with the probe intentionally crashing itself into the planet, scientists at NASA hope to determine how much water is present in Jupiter’s atmosphere, if any. This information will help in choosing which planet formation theory is correct in regards to Jupiter’s formation or if any new theories.
Additionally (as of May 25, 2017), we’ve learned that clouds in Jupiter’s atmosphere grow to astonishingly high altitudes. There are massive “cloud towers” that stretch up 30 miles and cast shadows on the clouds below, according to NASA. The swirls that dot Jupiter’s South Pole are actually massive cyclones 600 miles (965 KM) across. Indeed, it’s a perpetually stormy day on Jupiter.
The Juno Mission goal is to learn as much as possible about the atmosphere and the magnetic and gravitational fields of Jupiter. The Juno probe has traveled closer to Jupiter than any other spacecraft before it and still has much data to gather before its mission ends in January of 2018.
Images of Jupiter: NASA | aerospace |
https://nathanmantorphotography.com/nashville-drone-photographer/ | 2021-06-13T03:12:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487598213.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20210613012009-20210613042009-00558.warc.gz | 0.962556 | 389 | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__142013944 | en | I am so excited to announce that I am now a Certified Nashville Drone Photographer! I took and passed the FAA part 107 test and passed it with flying colors… (Pun intended). The information you need to know to pass the test is serious and is partially information aviation students need to know to become full pilots.
There are two kinds of drone people: the enthusiast and the professional pilot. If you make any kind of profit directly or indirectly with your drone, you have to become certified. It’s one of the few things that I can think of that is this way. The other thing is once you’re a certified pilot, you can also be an enthusiast, but not the other way around. However, the FAA is starting to be more strict with the flying for fun folks.
I bought an online course to study for the test and went with RemotePilote101. It’s a lifetime membership and they keep up to date with the drone rules and regulations. (I’m not associated with them and they’re not paying me.) But it’s a great site and gave me the information that I never even thought I’d need to know to fly a drone.
All that being said, I am now a Drone Certified Pilot. What that means is I have the knowledge of airspace and operating procedures to safely capture images and video. If you contact me about drone photos and you live near Nashville International Airport, depending on how close you are will determine how high in the air I can fly. Also I need permission to fly in that air space. Having that knowledge is entirely my responsibility, not yours, to know. You can rest assured that when you hire me for a drone operation, it will be done so to the standards that comply with the FAA rules.
Contact me today about your drone photography and videography needs!
Nashville Drone Photographer | aerospace |
https://scceu.org/an-imperative-not-an-option/ | 2023-09-23T00:42:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506429.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922234442-20230923024442-00611.warc.gz | 0.958933 | 1,136 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__262578024 | en | Air Force bombers represent a crucial capability needed to support the 2018 National Defense Strategy, with the range, payload, endurance, and resiliency to hold targets at risk anywhere and at any time. These long-range combat aircraft routinely deploy to both Europe and the Indo-Pacific to send a strong deterrent message to potential adversaries and reassure America’s allies. No other service or ally possesses a like capability. Accordingly, it was no surprise last year when the Air Force signaled the need to grow its bomber capacity by five squadrons. As one headline recently put it, “Everyone agrees. The Air Force needs more bombers.” However, one year later, the service, because it is currently under resourced to meet the demands of the national defense strategy, is being put into a quandary such that it may have to shrink its current bomber force to free up funds to invest in priorities for the future. That understandably makes for difficult decisions, but reducing America’s current bomber force may significantly increase risk before the new B-21 next generation stealth bomber becomes operational.
Potential Air Force bomber cuts have been well documented in recent press reports—with most of the attention focused upon divesting a significant portion of the B-1 force. This aircraft has been flown exceedingly hard for the past two decades because its attributes of range, payload, speed and endurance were needed in places like Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, and Syria. Despite heavy use, their maintenance accounts were underfunded.
Now, not sufficiently funded by Congress to pay for the deferred maintenance and structural repairs needed to keep these workhorses flying, the Air Force may have to retire a portion of the B-1 fleet. Retiring something when demand for it remains exceedingly high makes little sense—especially when remaining bombers would be flown even harder, thereby wearing out sooner. At the same time, there are rumors that the Air Force may need to curtail the B-2 stealth bomber’s defensive management system modernization (an upgrade known as DMS-M) to free up funds. Such cuts would be troubling given that America needs more long-range strike capability and capacity, not less.
The B-2 DMS-M is designed to upgrade the ability for America’s only stealth bomber to reach targets inside contested airspace at a time when enemy defenses are increasing in sophistication and lethality. In addition to replacing obsolete, 1980s-vintage parts, the program enables the B-2’s sensors to detect points of danger and circumvent them in real-time, while also improving the aircraft’s survivability. The program also provides the B-2 with a new mission computer with “open mission systems” that will allow more rapid and affordable upgrades. Failure to complete the program would result in the B-2’s survivability waning in future years, limiting when and where it could execute its strategically critical missions. Said another way, leaders would risk loss of policy options to meet the demands of the national defense strategy.
While some experts might cite the eventual fielding of the B-21 as a reason not to worry about cuts to DMS-M, lessons-learned from other major acquisition programs sound a cautious note. While all publicly known information suggests that the B-21 is on a good path, the aircraft is still in the design phase. Challenges, future potential budget cuts, production hurdles, and a host of other issues could see the new bomber’s operational fielding delayed toward the latter part of the 2020s or even into the 2030s—especially when it comes to specific capabilities like nuclear certification. This is not a radical conjecture as such delays have happened in nearly every military aircraft procurement effort, including the C-17, V-22, F-22, and F-35 programs. Investing in the B-2 is a smart hedge against such risk in addition to the need to deal with rapidly growing threats. Eliminating this upgrade presents a very real danger that the United States could lose its means of conducting long-range penetrating strikes through the 2020s at a time when that capability may be critically needed.
There are also cost factors associated when it comes to canceling B-2 DMS-M. The program has been underway for years, and most of its development funds have been expended. Cutting the program now would be like constructing a house but not moving into it because you did not want to pay for paint and furnishings. Alternate courses of action could see the Air Force spending nearly as much for lesser capabilities. It is far smarter to stick to the original plan and realize a return that sees the aircraft remain operationally viable into the 2030s.
There is no question that the Air Force is facing exceedingly difficult resource decisions as it assembles its Fiscal Year 2021 budget. However, there are core mission areas where the Air Force provides outsized mission value—affording effective and efficient policy options that cannot be accomplished any other way without enormous resource expenditures. A single B-1 or B-2 can deliver the same effects as an entire aircraft carrier battle group in some circumstances. Bomber capabilities need to be bolstered, not cut. The B-21 promises to be a very advanced and capable aircraft and the Air Force should procure them in ample numbers as rapidly as possible. However, until the day comes that the B-21 is fully mission capable in sufficient numbers to meet the needs of the national defense strategy, the legacy bomber force will have to answer the call to fly and fight. Investing in sustaining the viability of these proven aircraft is not an option, it is an imperative. | aerospace |
https://todaybroadcast.com/nasa-commemorates-the-50th-anniversary-of-apollo-13-a-successful-failure/ | 2021-11-30T18:24:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964359065.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20211130171559-20211130201559-00083.warc.gz | 0.943623 | 262 | CC-MAIN-2021-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__32891471 | en | As NASA marks the 50th anniversary of the Apollo 13 mission – which has become known as “a successful failure” that saw the safe return of its crew in spite of a catastrophic explosion – the agency is sharing a variety of resources, recognizing the triumph of the mission control team and the astronauts, and looking at how those lessons learned can be applied to its lunar Artemis program.
“Our goal 50 years ago was to save our valiant crew after sending them around the Moon and return them safely to Earth,” said NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine. “Our goal now is to return to the Moon to stay, in a sustainable way. We are working hard to ensure that we don’t need to respond to this kind of emergency in Artemis, but to be ready to respond to any problems we don’t anticipate.”
The crew of Apollo 13 consisted of Commander James (Jim) Lovell Jr., Command Module Pilot John Swigert Jr. and Lunar Module Pilot Fred Haise Jr. Their Saturn V rocket launched at 2:13 p.m. EST on April 11, 1970, from Launch Pad 39A at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The command module was named Odyssey, and the lunar module was named Aquarius. | aerospace |
https://loptiengtrungtaivinh.edu.vn/jones-beach-crash/ | 2023-12-08T11:56:52 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100745.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208112926-20231208142926-00306.warc.gz | 0.927373 | 1,882 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__53494752 | en | The “Jones Beach Crash: A Fatal Aviation Incident” is a tragic and significant aviation accident that occurred. At loptiengtrungtaivinh.edu.vn, we delve into this event to honor the lives lost and draw lessons on aviation safety. Our website provides detailed information about the causes, sequence of events, and investigation findings, aiming to raise awareness about aviation safety and educate the community about aviation accidents. We hope that this information contributes to the understanding and learning mindset of individuals in the aviation field.
I. Details of Jones Beach Crash: A Fatal Aviation Incident
The Jones Beach Crash, also known as Eastern Air Lines Flight EA 663, was a fatal aviation incident that took place on February 8, 1965. The scheduled passenger flight, operated by Eastern Air Lines, was en route from Boston, Massachusetts, to Atlanta, Georgia, with several intermediate stops.
During the climb after takeoff from New York-JFK, the DC-7B aircraft, carrying five crew members and 79 passengers, was instructed to make various turns and altitude changes. At around 18:25 local time, while climbing through 3,700 feet, the flight received instructions to turn right to a heading of 170 degrees.
Unbeknownst to the crew, another aircraft, Pan American Flight 212, was on a converging course. In an attempt to avoid a potential collision, the captain of EA 663 initiated an evasive maneuver, descending and rolling to the right. Unfortunately, the aircraft entered an unusual attitude and the crew was unable to recover control.
As a result, the Eastern Air Lines DC-7B crashed into the sea near Jones Beach, New York, disintegrating upon impact. Tragically, there were no survivors among the 84 people on board, including the crew and passengers.
The subsequent investigation determined that the primary cause of the accident was the evasive action taken by EA 663 to avoid the perceived collision with Pan American Flight 212. This maneuver, influenced by illusions and spatial disorientation, placed the aircraft in an unrecoverable position.
The Jones Beach Crash serves as a somber reminder of the importance of aviation safety measures and the ongoing efforts to learn from past incidents in order to prevent future tragedies.
II. Cause and sequence of events
The Jones Beach Crash, also known as Eastern Air Lines Flight EA 663, was the result of a series of events and factors that ultimately led to the tragic aviation incident. Here is an overview of the causes and sequence of events:
- Air Traffic Control Instructions: After takeoff from New York-JFK, the flight received instructions from air traffic control regarding turns, altitudes, and headings to follow during the climb.
- Converging Flight Paths: Unbeknownst to the crew of EA 663, another aircraft, Pan American Flight 212, was on a converging course with their aircraft.
- Limited Visibility: Due to limited visibility and the timing of the turns, the crew of EA 663 had difficulty visually acquiring Pan American Flight 212.
- Evasive Maneuver: As the two aircraft approached each other, the captain of EA 663 initiated an evasive maneuver to avoid a potential collision. This involved descending and rolling to the right.
- Spatial Disorientation: The sudden and extreme maneuver put the Eastern Air Lines aircraft in an unusual attitude, causing spatial disorientation for the crew. They lost control of the aircraft and were unable to recover.
- Crash into the Sea: The DC-7B aircraft crashed into the sea near Jones Beach, New York, resulting in the disintegration of the aircraft upon impact.
The investigation concluded that the primary cause of the accident was the evasive action taken by EA 663 to avoid the perceived collision with Pan American Flight 212. This evasive maneuver, influenced by illusions and spatial disorientation, placed the aircraft in an unrecoverable position, leading to the tragic outcome.
The Jones Beach Crash highlights the critical importance of situational awareness, effective communication with air traffic control, and pilot training in handling emergency situations to ensure aviation safety.
III. Investigate the accident
After the Jones Beach Crash, a thorough investigation was conducted to determine the causes and contributing factors of the aviation incident. The investigation involved various aviation authorities, including the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), to gather evidence and analyze the sequence of events. Here are some key aspects of the investigation:
- Collection of Evidence: Investigators collected wreckage debris, flight data recorders, and cockpit voice recorders from the crash site. These pieces of evidence were crucial in understanding the flight’s parameters and crew communication.
- Examination of Aircraft Systems: The aircraft’s systems, including the flight controls, engines, and avionics, were meticulously examined to identify any mechanical issues or malfunctions that might have played a role in the crash.
- Analysis of Flight Data: Data from the flight data recorders were carefully analyzed to reconstruct the flight’s trajectory, altitude changes, speed, and other critical parameters. This analysis provided insights into the aircraft’s performance leading up to the accident.
- Crew Interviews: Surviving crew members and witnesses were interviewed to gather firsthand accounts of the events leading up to the crash. These interviews helped investigators understand the crew’s actions, decisions, and their perception of the situation.
- Simulation and Reconstruction: Investigators used computer simulations and flight reconstruction techniques to recreate the flight path, taking into account various environmental and operational factors. This aided in understanding the sequence of events and assessing the crew’s response.
- Probable Cause Determination: Based on the gathered evidence and analysis, the investigation authorities established the probable cause of the Jones Beach Crash. This determination provided insights into the specific factors that contributed to the accident.
The investigation report, detailing the findings, probable cause, and safety recommendations, was released to enhance aviation safety practices and prevent similar incidents in the future. The comprehensive investigation aimed to provide a thorough understanding of the accident, enabling the aviation industry to implement measures to improve safety standards and procedures.
IV. Discuss the consequences of aviation safety after the accident
The Jones Beach Crash had significant consequences and important lessons for the aviation industry. Here are some key outcomes and lessons learned from this tragic incident:
- Safety Enhancements: The crash prompted a reevaluation of safety measures within the aviation industry. It led to improvements in pilot training, including spatial disorientation awareness and recovery techniques. Additionally, it highlighted the need for enhanced communication and coordination between air traffic control and flight crews.
- Spatial Disorientation Awareness: The incident underscored the dangers of spatial disorientation, where pilots can lose their perception of orientation and make incorrect control inputs. This emphasized the importance of pilot training programs that address spatial disorientation and provide strategies for recovery.
- Evasive Maneuver Evaluation: The crash highlighted the need for thorough evaluation and training on evasive maneuvers. Pilots must be equipped with proper decision-making skills and situational awareness to execute evasive actions safely.
- Collaborative Investigations: The investigation of the Jones Beach Crash demonstrated the importance of collaboration between aviation authorities, airlines, and manufacturers. By working together, they could gather and analyze crucial data to determine the causes of accidents and develop preventive measures.
- Continuous Learning: The tragedy served as a reminder that the aviation industry must continuously learn from accidents and incidents. Insights gained from the investigation were used to improve safety practices, procedures, and training programs, contributing to overall aviation safety.
- Public Awareness: The Jones Beach Crash raised public awareness about aviation safety and the efforts undertaken to prevent such incidents. It highlighted the importance of transparency and communication in informing the public about accidents, investigation outcomes, and subsequent safety measures.
Overall, the Jones Beach Crash led to important advancements in aviation safety, particularly in the areas of pilot training, spatial disorientation awareness, and communication protocols. The lessons learned continue to shape the industry’s commitment to maintaining the highest safety standards and preventing similar incidents in the future.
In conclusion, the Jones Beach Crash remains a tragic chapter in aviation history. The investigation of this fatal aviation incident shed light on the critical importance of pilot training, situational awareness, and effective communication in ensuring flight safety.
The crash highlighted the risks of spatial disorientation and the need for pilots to be adequately trained in recognizing and recovering from such situations. It also emphasized the significance of clear and concise communication between air traffic control and flight crews to prevent potential collisions.
As a result of this incident, the aviation industry has implemented various safety enhancements, including improved pilot training programs, heightened awareness of spatial disorientation, and enhanced coordination between pilots and air traffic control.
The lessons learned from the Jones Beach Crash continue to influence safety practices and procedures within the aviation industry. Through collaborative investigations and continuous learning, aviation stakeholders strive to prevent similar accidents and prioritize the well-being of passengers and crew.
It is our collective responsibility to remember the victims of the Jones Beach Crash and honor their memory by continuously striving for excellence in aviation safety. By embracing the lessons learned, we can create a safer and more secure future for air travel.
VI. Video the saddest plane crashes | aerospace |
https://theultralightradiodxer.siswapelajar.com/2020/08/used-ultralight-aircraft-for-sale-europe.html | 2020-11-27T13:43:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141193221.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20201127131802-20201127161802-00448.warc.gz | 0.69483 | 392 | CC-MAIN-2020-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-50__0__100455820 | en | Untuk artikel saya kali ini akan membahas tentang
Planecheck offers nice price reduction features. Search through more than 400 new or used helicopters for sale jets sea planes single engine prop multi engine prop turbo prop light sport homebuilt and experimental airplanes for sale nationwide.
You have found images ultralight aircraft for sale europe.
Used ultralight aircraft for sale europe. Search aircraft for sale for free. Dyn aero mcr 4s ultralight airplane desktop wood model regular free shipping new 26988 ai 10 ikar ukrainian ultralight airplane desktop wood model small free shipping. Check out the latest aircraft for sale in europe or put your own airplane up for sale.
68 light sport for sale. Compare 30 million ads find ultralight aircraft faster. G500 txi and g600 txi flight display olathe kanjuly 15 2020business wire garmin international inc a unit of garmin ltd.
Many flight test reports and large pictures are included. 157 ultralights for sale in europe. Find used ultralight aircraft for sale on ebay craigslist letgo offerup amazon and others.
Aircraft for sale airplane sales trade aviation classifieds in used airplanes aeroplanes flugzeugmarkt flugzeughandel aeromarkt flugzeugannoncen flugzeugangebot. Grmn today announced g500 txi and g600 txi flight display enhancements that bring. 500 aircraft for sale in europe.
Search our listings for new used airplanes helicopters jets updated daily from 100s of private sellers dealers. Speed up your search. We have 4 ultralight aircraft for sale.
Search aircraft for sale for free. View related articles products and services and much more.
Demikian artikel kami yang kami berikan judul: | aerospace |
http://stars.library.ucf.edu/facultybib2000/6487/ | 2018-07-17T22:58:21 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676589932.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20180717222930-20180718002930-00536.warc.gz | 0.860418 | 369 | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__134594663 | en | Simulation of range safety for the NASA space shuttle
Abbreviated Journal Title
Aircr. Eng. Aerosp. Technol.
spacecraft; simulation; safety measures; aerospace industry; risk; management; Engineering, Aerospace
Purpose - The main objective of this paper is to introduce the development of a decision-support environment for a complex problem: space range safety. Simulation modeling can provide a good environment to support range safety managers. Design/methodology/approach - The paper describes the different models and the processes to find the different knowledge sources. In addition, it investigates statistically the most important factors. This will help determine emergency management procedures and sources of variability. Findings - This case study provides guidance and an example to follow for other problems in aerospace (in particular new the analysis of new vehicles). There are important factors to consider in order to implement risk management in National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Research limitations/implications - There are several limitations; blast and debris effects need to be added. Practical implications - First, it provides a guide in order to persuade managers of the utilization of decision-support systems based on geographical information systems. Second, it shows that there is open source software (Calpuff in our environment) which can be used and integrated to make a more comprehensive environment. Validation is a big issue. In addition, simulation can help make decisions about future vehicles or events. Originality/value - This is the first implementation of a virtual range (there is not an integrated system similar to this one available). This will be valuable to other safety managers not only for space exploration but also environmentalists and homeland security managers.
Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology
"Simulation of range safety for the NASA space shuttle" (2006). Faculty Bibliography 2000s. 6487. | aerospace |
http://hydraulicspneumatics.tpub.com/TM-55-1730-221-20P/TM-55-1730-221-20P0006.htm | 2018-11-18T13:05:09 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039744368.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20181118114534-20181118140534-00107.warc.gz | 0.878109 | 790 | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-47__0__181627804 | en | AVIATION UNIT MAINTENANCE (AVUM) AND
AVIATION INTERMEDIATE MAINTENANCE (AVIM) CONCEPT
a. This appendix explains the maintenance functions of the Three Levels of Maintenance concept for Army aircraft.
These maintenance levels, Aviation Unit Maintenance (AVUM); Aviation Intermediate Maintenance (AVIM); and Depot
Maintenance, are shown in the third, fourth, and fifth positions of the SMR codes of this RPSTL as:
b. The maintenance to be performed below depot level is described as follows:
(1) Aviation Unit Maintenance (AVUM). AVUM activities will be staffed and equipped to perform high
frequency "On-Aircraft" maintenance tasks required to maintain a level of aircraft readiness. The maintenance capability
of the AVUM will be governed by the Maintenance Allocation Chart (MAC) and limited by the amount and complexity of
ground support equipment (GSE), facilities, and number of personnel and critical skills available. The range and quantity
of authorized spare modules/components will be consistent with the air mobility concept.
(a) Company Size Aviation Units. These units will perform those tasks which consist primarily of
preventive maintenance and repair and replacement functions associated with sustaining a high level of aircraft
operational readiness. Perform maintenance inspections and servicing to include preflight, daily, intermediate,
periodic, and special inspections as authorized by the MAC. Identify the cause of equipment/system malfunctions using
applicable technical manual troubleshooting instructions, builtin-test equipment (BITE), installed aircraft instruments, or
easy to use/interpret diagnostic/fault isolation devices (TMDE). Replace worn or damaged modules/ components which
do not require complex adjustments or system alignment and which can be removed/installed with available skills, tools,
and equipment. Perform operational and continuity checks and make minor repairs to the flight control, propulsion,
power train, and fuel systems. Accomplish air frame repair which does not require alignment. The manufacture of
airframe parts will be limited to those items which can be fabricated with tools and equipment found in current air mobile
tool and shop sets. Evacuate unserviceable modules/components and end items beyond the repair capability of AVUM
to the supporting AVIM. (Assignment of maintenance tasks to divisional company size aviation units will consider the
overall maintenance capability of the division, the requirement to conserve personnel and equipment resources, and air
(b) Less Than Company Size Aviation Units. Aviation elements organic to brigade, group, battalion
headquarters, and detachment size units are normally small and have fewer than ten aircraft assigned. Maintenance
tasks performed by these units will be those which can be accomplished by the aircraft crew chief or assigned aircraft
repairman and will normally be limited to preventive maintenance, inspections, servicing, spot painting, stop drilling,
application of nonstress patches, minor adjustments, module/component fault diagnosis and replacement of selected
modules/components. Repair functions will normally be accomplished by the supporting AVIM unit.
(2) Aviation Intermediate Maintenance (AVIM). AVIM provides mobile, maintenance support to AV AVUM.
(Maintenance functions which are not conducive to sustaining air mobility will be assigned to depot maintenance.)
Performs all maintenance functions authorized to be done at AVUM. Repair of equipment for return to user will
emphasize support or operational readiness requirements. Authorized maintenance includes replacement and repair of
modules/components and end items which can be accomplished efficiently with available skills, tools, and equipment.
Establishes the Direct Exchange (DX) program for AVUM units by repairing selected items for return to stock (when such
repairs cannot be accomplished at the AVUM level). Inspects, troubleshoots, tests, diagnoses, repairs, adjusts, | aerospace |
https://hadf.info/nasas-juno-team-evaluates-the-camera-after-its-48th-flyby-of-jupiter/ | 2023-05-28T16:21:57 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644309.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528150639-20230528180639-00759.warc.gz | 0.946619 | 460 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__112967337 | en | Engineering data is being reviewed to determine why most of the JunoCam images of the solar-powered orbiter were not acquired.
The JunoCam imager aboard NASA’s Juno spacecraft did not capture all of the planned images during its most recent flyby of Jupiter’s orbit on Jan. 22. Data received from the spacecraft showed that the camera had a similar problem to its previous close pass. gas giant last month, when the team noticed an unusual rise in temperature after the camera was turned on in preparation for the flyby.
However, the problem persisted for longer on this new occasion (23 hours compared to 36 minutes during the December near-pass), leaving the first 214 JunoCam images planned for the flyby unusable. As in the previous case, after the anomaly causing the temperature rise was cleared, the camera returned to normal and the remaining 44 images were of good quality and usable.
The mission team is reviewing JunoCam engineering data acquired during two recent flybys — the mission’s 47th and 48th — and investigating the root cause of the anomaly and mitigation strategies. JunoCam will remain active for now and the camera will continue to operate in its nominal state.
JunoCam is a color, visible-light camera designed to take pictures of Jupiter’s cloud tops. It was added to the spacecraft specifically for public engagement purposes but has also proved important for science investigations. The camera was originally designed to operate in Jupiter’s high-energy particle atmosphere for at least seven orbits but has survived until now.
The spacecraft will make its 49th transit of Jupiter on March 1.
More about the mission
NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Juno mission for principal investigator Scott J. Bolton of the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio. Juno is part of NASA’s New Frontiers program, managed at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, for the agency’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington. Lockheed Martin Space in Denver built and operates the spacecraft.
More information about Juno is available at: https://www.nasa.gov/juno and https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu | aerospace |
https://leonardotimes.com/2017/04/01/spacex-relaunches-a-used-rocket-making-history/ | 2024-02-27T04:00:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474670.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227021813-20240227051813-00082.warc.gz | 0.973136 | 382 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__114104384 | en | On March 30, 2017, SpaceX made spaceflight history by reusing a rocket that was used for a previous launch. Their Falcon-9 rocket that was previously used for a mission eleven months earlier, was used to launch the SES-10 satellite. This satellite is intended to provide TV, internet, telephone and radio coverage for South America.
The rocket, once launched at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, deployed its payload successfully about half an hour later. Following this, it was autonomously guided back to a droneship called “Of Course I Still Love You” that was stationed in the Atlantic and landed safely.
SpaceX has been on the path toward using reusable rockets and this launch marked a milestone for them. In the past year, they have managed to recover the first stage of nine out of fourteen of their Falcon-9 rockets using the same method of landing them on a launch pad out at sea. This however, is the first time one of them has been relaunched. The primary goal for SpaceX during this launch was to successfully deploy the satellite using a recovered rocket. Recapturing it again was a further bonus.
What does this mean for the space exploration community? So far, rockets are considered consumables of space missions. The cost of the Falcon-9 rocket is around $62 million. Being able to reuse a rocket will bring down the costs of a launch considerably and broaden the possibilities of space exploration to areas such as space tourism.
SpaceX is already preparing to take the next step even as the world celebrates their achievement. Elon Musk took to twitter shortly after the launch to announce their next goal is to achieve re-flight within 24 hours.
Incredibly proud of the SpaceX team for achieving this milestone in space! Next goal is reflight within 24 hours.
— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) March 30, 2017 | aerospace |
https://valdostatoday.com/news-2/local/2021/05/moody-afb-a-10-thunderbolt-ii-conducts-emergency-landing/ | 2022-05-27T21:17:22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652663006341.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220527205437-20220527235437-00460.warc.gz | 0.876697 | 198 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__291027046 | en | MOODY AIR FORCE BASE, Ga. – An Air Force A-10 Thunderbolt II experienced an in-flight emergency resulting in an emergency ground landing at approximately 12:00 p.m. today on the Moody AFB flight line.
The aircraft, assigned to the 23d Fighter Group, 23d Wing, Moody Air Force Base, Georgia, was conducting a routine training sortie. The pilot is unharmed with no injuries reported at this time.
The incident is currently under investigation.
Questions can be directed to the 23d Wing Public Affairs office at 229-257-4146 or email@example.com<mailto:firstname.lastname@example.org>. Visit Moody’s official website www.moody.af.mil<http://www.moody.af.mil> for more information on Moody and to view current news releases. | aerospace |
https://methaq.ae/methaq-signs-the-first-ever-space-takaful-insurance-policy-with-yahsat/ | 2024-02-23T10:18:19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474377.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223085439-20240223115439-00841.warc.gz | 0.947192 | 525 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__99110415 | en | Policy program to cover two Yahsat satellites planned for civilian and military missions beginning later this year
Methaq Takaful Insurance Company has put together the world’s first Space Takaful Program to cover the launch of two Yahsat satellites in collaboration with ELSECO and Yahsat Satellite Communications Company. The first of the two satellites will be launched in mid-2010 by an Ariane 5 rocket from the island of Kourou in French Guiana while the second satellite will be launched a few months later. The Takaful coverage that has been arranged will cover both launches and up to 12 months in orbit thereafter.
The satellites that will be launched by Yahsat under the Methaq policy will have both a civil and a military mission. Both satellites will be used for broadcasting services, internet trunking via satellite, corporate data networking and backhauling services to telecom operators.
Mr. Abdullah Al Maamarri, Managing Director of Methaq, says that Methaq has worked very closely with the Sharia Board and its Chairman to construct a first of its kind Shariah-compliant space policy for the Yahsat project.
“This policy is a testimony to the will of Yahsat to look at innovative insurance tools and encourage local Islamic financial institutions to provide these kinds of personalized insurance solutions,” comments Mr. Al Maamarri. “From a Takaful perspective, this is unlike anything that has ever been done in the region”.
Commenting on the strategic partnership, Mr. Jassim Mohammed Al Zaabi CEO of Yahsat Satellite Communications Company says that the partnership with Methaq comes in line with the company’s vision to insure that its operations are based on Shariah-compliant policies. Al Zaabi revealed that the launch of the two satellites is considered a key project within Abu Dhabi’s technology sector, which is currently witnessing continuous growth and high interest from the Middle East and North Africa regions. He added that Mubadala’s vision–which Yahsat is part of—is to partner with leading global companies to develop industrial and commercial project within the UAE and in the region.
Methaq Takaful Insurance Company’s vision is to offer general insurance services to Corporate and Individual Customers delivered through multiple distribution channels. Currently, Methaq offers over 30 General Insurance Products as part of its phased roll-out of insurance products and services. In the coming months, Methaq plans to introduce new and innovative products which will be part of the company’s commitment to operational excellence and best use of technology. | aerospace |
https://www.preusspodcast.com/u-s/lockheed-martin-drops-f-35-price-700m/ | 2020-02-29T00:50:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875148163.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20200228231614-20200229021614-00139.warc.gz | 0.928233 | 423 | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__102658659 | en | After then President-elect Donald Trump got involved with defense spending with Boeing and other defense giants, Lockheed Martin found a way to reduced the price of the last F-35 batch by $700 million.
CNN reported that Lockheed Martin had made an agreement with the U.S. Department of Defense to sell 90 new F-35 fights jets for $8.5 billion – a deal that amounts to more than $700 million in savings over the previous batch of aircraft delivered.
Lockheed Martin credited President Donald Trump for helping in the accelerated negotiations and ability to drive down the price of what is already the most expensive weapons program in history.
The cost of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter program found itself in Donald Trump’s crosshairs on several occasions in recent weeks and Trump called for a review of whether a modified version of the older F/A-18 aircraft could replace the Navy’s costly F-35 variant.
Marilyn Hewson, Lockheed Martin’s CEO, gave then-President-elect Trump her personal commitment to cut the cost of the stealthy F-35 fighter jet after Trump posted a tweet criticizing the program and newly confirmed Defense Secretary James Mattis ordered the Pentagon to conduct a review of the $400 billion program last week.
Once official, the deal in principle would mark the first time that costs for any of the three versions of the fifth generation fighter jet will have dipped below $100 million per plane.
For this new batch of F-35s, the Air Force’s A version will cost $94.6 million, the B version flown by the Marines will cost $122.8 million, and the Navy’s C version will cost $121.8 million.
“The agreement represents $728 million in savings and a nearly 8 percent reduction in price over our last contract for the air vehicle delivered by Lockheed Martin and our industry partners,” Lockheed Martin said in a statement to CNN. “This is a good deal for the American taxpayer, our country, our company and our suppliers.” | aerospace |
https://www.megamaxaviation.com/here-is-how-to-maximize-the-aviation-benefits/ | 2022-11-28T21:42:15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710662.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20221128203656-20221128233656-00245.warc.gz | 0.940338 | 1,188 | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__138107781 | en | Here is How to Maximize: The Aviation Benefits
When we talk about global industries, we just cannot miss out on the aviation industry. This industry has had its share of crises and downfalls. But it has managed to overcome the rough weather and expanded its wings by leaps and bounds.
There are many benefits of aviation in India and it is now time to maximize these benefits.
Take a look at some of the major benefits of aviation:
- The aviation sector enables international tourism which is considered a major revenue-generating industry of the country. The tourism industry is heavily dependent on the aviation sector. Since air transport is facilitating tourism it is contributing to the economic development of the country.
- The Aviation Services in India help in creating more jobs and hence more number of people have a scope of getting employment in the country. The generation of more jobs and giving a boost to employment also contribute to the economic growth of the country.
- We also cannot miss out on the important fact that it is the aviation industry that facilitates in a big way international trade.
- When we talk about a quick and easy worldwide transportation network there is only one sector that we can mention here and that is the aviation sector.
- The aviation industry supports millions of jobs across the globe and hence is a major contributor to the economic development of most of the countries including India.
- The aviation sector has changed the outlook of travel for business and leisure. Today preference is given to Luxurious Aircraft Services when one wants to travel comfortably anywhere across the country or the borders.
Make the most of the benefits of the aviation industry:
1. Aviation- The driver of economic development:
- We all know that the Aviation Services in India can contribute to the economic development of the country.
- The priorities of the aviation sector need to be prioritized when the economic development plans for the country are being framed.
- The focus has to be on public-private partnership, working on the concession framework, aviation turbine fuel cost, etc.
2. Betterment of Aviation infrastructure:
- The need of the hour is to develop aviation infrastructure that is par excellence.
- There may be an exponential rise in air traffic growth and major cities in the country should be capable of handling large passenger footfall.
- When we talk about aviation infrastructure for the Aviation Services in India then it is not only the airports that need an upliftment. It is equally important to focus on aspects like air navigation systems.
3. More emphasis on the regulatory framework:
- For good governance of the aviation sector, the focus has to be on the regulatory framework.
- Better policy, regulatory and institutional frameworks can be very useful for the betterment of the aviation sector. This in turn helps to make the most of the benefits that the aviation industry has.
4. Global standards: A crucial factor for aviation:
- If the aviation sector in India wants to achieve success on the global platform then the focus has to be on achieving global standards.
- Steps are being taken in this regard but lots of work is required in this area of putting the aviation sector of India on the global map. But some private aviation companies are working relentlessly to provide Luxurious Aircraft Services that are truly of global standards.
5. Mobilization of resources can do a world of good for the aviation sector:
- For maximizing the benefits of the aviation industry it is important to have more funding and financial sources that can invest in this industry.
- A joint effort by regional and national organizations, banks, and other financial institutions can surely help in the mobilization of resources. With better funding, the entire look of the aviation sector can be changed in a short time.
6. Just cannot ignore the safety and security aspects:
- There can be absolutely no compromises with civil aviation security and safety.
- More emphasis needs to be given on standardization of the screening techniques, elevated risk screening, etc.
- Any shortcomings in the security policies have to be addressed on priority and they need to be of global standards.
- Strong aviation policies are not only needed for human safety but also the safety of the environment.
Aviation sector growth-An important aspect for India:
On the global front, India has one of the fastest-growing aviation markets. Yes, the growth has been affected by the pandemic but slowly as different countries open their borders one can expect the aviation market to bounce back.
The Indian economy is affected in a big way both directly as well as indirectly by the aviation sector. Not only does the aviation sector contributes to jobs in different supply chains. It also helps tourism and facilitates investment in the country. The country’s ranking in the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index has improved in the past few years. The Indian aviation industry contributes billions towards the GDP of India.
The economic and policy factors have been the driving force for the rapid development of the aviation sector in India. Factors like low-cost carriers, increase in the number of the middle class in India, increase in cross-border trade have also helped in the development of the aviation sector in the country.
The emergence of aviation companies of global standards:
India today has reputed aviation companies that have achieved unprecedented success due to their quality services and global standards. One such company is Megamax Aviation which has been providing world-class Aviation Services in India for many years. Megamax Aviation provides superb charter aviation services as well as air ambulance services.
The aviation sector in India has many benefits and it contributes in a big way to the economic development of the country. It is important to make the most out of these benefits of the aviation sector. For this, it is important to give more weightage to the priorities of the aviation sector and to revamp the regulatory framework and infrastructure of this sector. | aerospace |
https://businessnewsweek.in/business/air-india-launches-premium-economy-class-on-select-flights/ | 2024-04-12T23:32:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816465.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412225756-20240413015756-00820.warc.gz | 0.921842 | 664 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__1868711 | en | Bangalore, April 1, 2023: Air India introduces an all-new Premium Economy experience for travellers, offering a superior cabin product, world-class inflight services, and added on-ground convenience. The airline has opened sale for the new cabin, for travel starting May 15, 2023, becoming the first and only Indian carrier to offer the choice of four cabin classes – First, Business, Premium Economy, and Economy.
Air India’s Premium Economy class will be initially available to customers travelling on select routes operated by its fleet of Boeing 777-200LR aircraft: Bengaluru-San Francisco, Mumbai-San Francisco, and Mumbai-New York.
Mr. Campbell Wilson, CEO & MD, Air India, said: “The popularity of Premium Economy has grown among travellers around the world, as people are increasingly opting for upgraded, yet affordable flying experiences. We are delighted to introduce a distinctive Premium Economy experience for our customers on select flights for now, with a plan to extend it to many more routes soon, as we rapidly expand and modernise our fleet. This is another step forward in our sincere, ongoing effort to transform Air India into a modern, global carrier of world-class products and service standards.”
Air India’s Premium Economy offers an exclusive travel experience designed for customers who do not mind paying a reasonable premium over Economy Class fares to fly in style and enjoy a lot more space, comfort, and convenience.
Fast-track airport experience: Premium Economy customers will be able to check-in at dedicated counters and have priority tags affixed to their check-in baggage, and also be amongst the first to be invited to board the aircraft.
Separate, spacious cabin with wider seats: Premium Economy class on Air India’s Boeing 777-200LR aircraft features 48 leather-upholstered, memory foam seats that have 19 inches of width, 38 inches of pitch, and 5 inches of recline with adjustable leg rest and footrest, and winged headrests. The seats provide extra legroom for customers to stretch out during flight, enabling customers to rest or work in comfort.
Amenities: Premium Economy customers receive a complimentary, elegant TUMI amenity kit (specially designed for Air India) consisting of a pair of flight socks, an eye mask, MALIN+GOETZ lip moisturizer, and a pen, in addition to carpet slippers. Customers also receive noise-cancelling headphones for use during flight to complement the experience of Air India’s In-flight Entertainment (IFE) system.
Onboard dining: Customers will be welcomed on board Air India’s Premium Economy class with a welcome drink served on an elegant silver tray and a menu card reflecting a glimpse of a delectable culinary experience during the flight. On board, customers will be able to choose from a delicious selection of three meal choices for the main course, served on fine chinaware casserole, accompanied by an appetizer and dessert. The drinks menu includes a fine selection of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.
Seats on the newly added Premium Economy class are now on sale on the Air India website, mobile apps, as well as through travel agents and other booking channels. | aerospace |
http://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/story/24895352/hawaiian-airlines-suspends-taipei-service/ | 2019-03-25T12:50:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912203947.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20190325112917-20190325134917-00359.warc.gz | 0.959898 | 316 | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__210679356 | en | HONOLULU (HawaiiNewsNow) - Hawaiian Airlines Wednesday announced plans to suspend its service to Taipei, Taiwan in April and reassign that route's 294-seat Airbus 330-200 aircraft to its non-stop service to Seoul, South Korea, which will operate five times per week.
Hawaiian flies to Taipei three times a week.
The new aircraft will be available on all flights to Incheon International Airport from April 23, 2014.
"The increase in travelers we have come to expect, when the U.S. visa waiver was extended to additional countries, has not materialized in Taiwan, and it became evident very quickly that there is insufficient awareness of Hawai'i among residents of Taiwan for non-stop service to be successful. At the same time, demand in peak travel days in South Korea has encouraged us to deploy our larger A330 aircraft on that route," said Mark Dunkerley, Hawaiian Airlines president and chief executive officer.
Hawaiian Airlines Flight HA807 will operate its final flight from Honolulu to Taipei on Sunday, April 6, 2014. Return Flight HA808 will operate for the final time on Monday, April 7, 2014 from Taipei to Honolulu. Hawaiian Airlines' reservations department will be contacting passengers booked to fly after that date to accommodate them on other airlines.
Hawaiian Airlines announced last Wednesday that it will suspend its daily service to Fukuoka. "Unfortunately, despite two years of effort, we have not seen sufficient passenger growth to justify continuing this service," said Dunkerley. | aerospace |
https://www.fundmonitors.com/fundnews.php?ContentID=6044&Title=Space+exploration+is+going+private&Company=Magellan+Financial+Group&Fund=Magellan+Global+Fund+%28Hedged%29 | 2023-06-10T10:49:37 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224657169.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20230610095459-20230610125459-00227.warc.gz | 0.904554 | 7,877 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__94193935 | en | Space exploration is going private
Michael Collins, Magellan Asset Management
Neil Armstrong landed on the moon in 1969 and delivered his pre-prepared line that became famous: "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." Except he misspoke. What Armstrong said was nonsense. He meant to say "a man" rather than just "man".
Clive James in his book Fame in the 20th century explained that Armstrong's lapse was overlooked because eloquence, even personality, didn't matter. The first man on the moon would be famous "without ever having emerged from obscurity", even if Armstrong was so chosen because he was dispensable to the Apollo 11 mission rather than, as the official line had it, he epitomised the 'right stuff'. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration supplies a transcript that corrects Armstrong's statement but the accompanying audio shows his slip.
Whatever. Armstrong's statement rang true. From the start of the space age in 1957 when the Soviet Union's Sputnik satellite orbited the Earth, six-plus decades of mainly US government-funded, -designed and -staffed space exploration has brought many rewards. Apart from stirring national pride and showcasing bravery, space exploration has boosted knowledge of the universe and led to much innovation related to satellites, global positioning and weather forecasting.
Even if Armstrong blew his line, he was more profound than Jeff Bezos on his return to Earth on July 20 after being blasted into the atmosphere just past the Karman line that, 100 kilometres (62 miles) from Earth, generally marks outer space. "Best day ever," was Bezos's verdict on flying for 10 minutes in a pilotless rocket built by Blue Origin, a company he founded in 2000.
Perhaps Bezos should have said something more Armstrong-like as did Richard Branson when, nine days before Bezos, he zoomed to an altitude of 80 kilometres in a piloted space plane built by Virgin Galactic, which Branson set up in 2004. "We are at the vanguard of a new space age," Branson said.
What's new is that an entrepreneur-led drive into space is underway. Bezos and Branson - joined soon perhaps by other private companies - are vying with Boeing and Elon Musk's Space Exploration Technologies Corp. to commercialise space.
SpaceX, as Musk's creation of 2002 is known, is ahead. The company in 2015 pioneered reusable rockets, the "single transformative technology shift" driving today's space race because it has slashed launch costs. Among feats, since 2012, SpaceX has ferried cargo to the International Space Station, Nasa's lab that orbits the Earth. On May 30 last year, SpaceX became the first private company to propel people into space, when it sent astronauts to the space station, the first manned mission there since 2011. In June this year, to the same destination, SpaceX launched a manned reusable rocket for the first time. SpaceX, for US$2.9 billion, is building the 'Starship' for Nasa to land people on the moon for the first time since 1972.
Many benefits are likely to flow from the commercialisation of space that already amounts to a US$350 billion industry and one that is forecast to swell to US$1 trillion by 2040. Space tourism is likely to grow, after commencing on September 15 when SpaceX launched its first privately funded three-day spaceflight of just tourists; no professional astronaut was aboard a tripe paid for by US businessman Jared Isaacman who said it cost less than US$200 million. The standard offering (at US$450,000 a pop with Virgin Galactic) will be orbiting the Earth to experience weightlessness and gain an astronaut's view of the world. Another prospect is vacations on commercial space stations - US company Axiom Space is building such a facility that it hopes by 2024 will orbit 400 kilometres above the Earth at 27,000 kilometres per hour. A later step could be tourist trips to the moon.
A second, and bigger, commercial motivator is adding to the more than 5,000 satellites already orbiting the Earth, a doubling in the past two years as part of efforts to boost economical internet coverage. SpaceX, for instance, plans to add another 11,000 satellites via its Starlink mega-constellation and has filed for US permission for another 30,000.
Private enterprise heading into the cosmos is rekindling and aiding government space efforts. Nasa, as well as employing SpaceX to return to the moon under its Artemis Program, plans more voyages to Mars and intends to search Jupiter's moon Europa for life. China in May landed a vehicle on Mars for the first time, two years after the country became the first to land a craft on the far side of the moon. Beijing and Moscow in June announced plans for a permanent base on the moon, while about 40 countries now have national space agencies.
Commercial space efforts are bound to advance scientific knowledge. The hope is that 'microgravity' will allow for unique research that could lead to "discoveries in medicine, materials, and manufacturing previously kept hidden by gravity," in the worlds of Axiom Space. Another motive is to enable people to live beyond Earth. Bezos sees "a future where millions of people are living and working in space". Musk talks of 'terraforming' Mars, by which he means nuking Mars to make the planet habitable for humans.
The commercialisation of space comes with risks and disadvantages that could limit such exploration (ignoring complaints about the cost). The biggest risk is that space travel is dangerous. Much can go wrong with rockets. In September, the US Federal Aviation Administration grounded Virgin Galactic flights pending a probe that Branson's flight went off course during its descent. The International Space Station is showing irreparable cracks. Another danger is that much human debris is swirling around in space and could hit a spacecraft, as occurred in March when a Chinese military satellite broke up after it collided with debris left from a 1996 Russian rocket launch. Fatal events could derail space exploration, as they have in the past.
Another problem is space exploration is likely to intensify global political tensions. Whoever rules space controls an avenue to deliver thermonuclear weapons via ballistic missiles and much else. China's moves into space look likely to intensify Chinese-US rivalry. The US in 2019 created a Space Command as its sixth military sphere to thwart China in space, such as China's ability to laser-cripple the satellites on which depend the US military. A third drawback is the space race will come with environmental damage, especially with respect to climate change from fossil-fuelled rockets. Scientists worry that satellite re-entries from the Starlink mega-constellation could deposit more aluminium into Earth's upper atmosphere than what is done through meteoroids. But rocket numbers would need to soar to make a noticeable difference.
Whatever the doubts or drawbacks about the question, the better economics of space exploration are overriding them. A privately led space adventure has begun that has already notched achievements and, amid controversy and setbacks, is likely to post many more.
To be pedantic, private companies have long helped Nasa (Boeing for more than five decades) while the commercialisation of space could be dated to the turn of the century, so it's not new, just intensifying. The role of Nasa and other government agencies in this private quest shouldn't be underestimated. These private companies will need to be willing to lose much money - the listed Virgin Galactic lost US$94 million in the second quarter of 2021. A techno-utopian element bordering on the unbelievable pervades the private space quest. Nasa's response to Musk's dreams, for instance, is that it would be impossible to make Mars liveable due to a lack of carbon dioxide, while the technology for space mining is still to be invented. Some, perhaps much, disappointment lies ahead.
No doubt. But the entrepreneurs pioneering today's drive into space are wealthy visionaries who won't be deterred easily. Get set for a space race pursued by people who think they are on a philanthropic mission.
In 2015, SpaceX's Falcon 9 rocket blasted off. After 45 seconds, the rocket shed its first stage, which then descended to Earth in a controlled manner to a landing pad. "Welcome back, baby," Musk tweeted. A broadcaster had a better technical perspective of SpaceX's third attempt at the feat: It's like "launching a pencil over the Empire State building, having it reverse, come back down, and land on a shoebox on the ground in a windstorm."
Time has elevated the financial significance of Falcon 9's safe touchdown that day. The feat is taken as the start of economical near-Earth orbit space flight because it ended the era when rockets were dumped or imploded during re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere, even though Nasa's space shuttles were reusable (and Bezos's Blue Origin had landed an unmanned rocket the month before). Companies are now spared the hundreds of millions of dollars it costs to build rockets for each flight. Since 2015, Falcon 9 rockets have recorded 82 landings and 64 have flown again, though some have bungled the touchdown.
US taxpayers are among those benefiting from the improved space economics. SpaceX is ferrying Nasa astronauts and items to and from the International Space Station at far less cost than could the space shuttle that was retired in 2011 - Nasa in 2018 said reusable rockets reduced the cost of sending a craft to low Earth orbit by a factor of 20. Nasa is estimated to be saving US$2 billion by using SpaceX's Falcon Heavy rocket for its mission to Jupiter's moon. Having SpaceX and Blue Origin bid for Nasa contracts is another force driving down costs. Bezos in July, for instance, said Blue Origin would waive up to US$2 billion in payments over the next two years if Nasa were to award his company a moon-landing contract. (Blue Origin is suing in a federal court to force Nasa to do so.)
Bezos's efforts are part of his drive to populate space and extract resources from space. He is reported to have assembled "the best space-resources team in the industry" to help people live on the moon and send material back to Earth. In what could well be taken as the start of the space-mining industry, Nasa in 2020 handed contracts to four companies to extract small amounts of lunar regolith, loose material that covers rock, by 2024. In August, Nasa conducted its first drilling of Mars, to a depth of seven centimetres, as part of a search for microbial life on the planet. Nasa in 2022 intends to launch a mission to investigate the Psyche asteroid, a unique metal asteroid that orbits the Sun between Mars and Jupiter that some say could contain US$10 quintillion of iron (that will presumably be claimed by whomever reaches it first).
Space proponents say that microgravity will mean moon dwellers could create items that can be made only in space. Others talk of asteroid mining, whereby either resources are extracted and sent to Earth or asteroids are directed at Earth for extraction there. Others talk up space-based solar power; China has announced plans for a solar power station in orbit by 2040. One day earth-controlled robots could mine the moon for water, which can become a rocket fuel once split into hydrogen and oxygen. They could mine for helium-3, another rocket fuel, and the rare-earth minerals that are used in electronics. Nasa is making soil for space habitats by seeding asteroids with fungi.
Morgan Stanley said satellite technology and space exploration could help assess and address climate change and sustainability on Earth. The benefits could flow to food security as imagery and weather-monitoring boost agricultural yields and farmer efficiency, the US bank says. Space-based aid could help greenhouse-gas monitoring, open remote areas to renewable-energy harvesting, help utilities manage renewable loads, and boost access to the internet for billions of people.
Among advocates, the promise of space is essentially limitless.
In 1985, US teacher Christa McAuliffe became a national celebrity when she beat more than 11,000 other applicants to win a seat on the space shuttle Challenger. When McAuliffe was asked if she was nervous, she repeated what she had been told: that the shuttle was as safe as an airplane. The Challenger blasted off on 28 January 1986, one of the coldest mornings ever at Cape Canaveral, Florida. The rubber O-rings that sealed the shuttle's rocket boosters didn't work as well in cold weather - a problem known to Nasa officials. The O-rings failed. The Challenger exploded during lift-off. But McAuliffe and her six crewmates didn't die immediately. The crew compartment sheared from the rest of the shuttle and rose for another 20 seconds, then fell for more than two minutes before smashing into the ocean at 333 kilometres an hour and killing all on board. The shuttle program was suspended for two years.
The program was suspended for another two years in 2003 when the space shuttle Columbia fell apart on re-entering the Earth's atmosphere, killing its seven astronauts. Nasa's Apollo program from 1961 to 1972 had two notable disasters. In 1967, the crew of three on Apollo 1 choked to death when a fire erupted during a prelaunch test. In 1970, Apollo 13 abandoned landing on the moon and nearly failed to return to Earth after an oxygen tank exploded and destroyed the module's ability to provide electrical power.
The reality is that today's ventures are as dangerous. In 2014, a Virgin Galactic space craft disintegrated during a test flight, killing the co-pilot. Only nine days after Bezos's flight, Nasa and Boeing abandoned the launch of Boeing's crewless Starliner space capsule due to valve problems, which followed a botched launch in 2019 due to a software error. Longer flights in space risk confronting 'solar flares', the most powerful explosive events in the solar system. A fatal event could end, or at least suspend, today's space race.
An uninterrupted space race comes with concerns too. The exploration comes with "violent potential", in the words of Daniel Deudney, a professor of politics at the US-based Johns Hopkins University who wrote Dark skies: Space expansion, planetary geopolitics and the end of humanity that argues against the space optimism of Bezos, Branson, Musk et al. "What is going to be the likelihood that we'll have - as we have on Earth - wars and violent rivalries?" he asks, especially if descendants of Earth develop over time, possibly with genetic engineering, into different species.
The surge into space has led to calls for revamped multilateral pacts to manage any arms race, space debris, satellite traffic and resource extraction, amid warnings present treaties, such as the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space of 1959 and the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 that sit with the UN, are outdated.
Mars is the likely point of confrontation after the moon. Simon Morden, author of the upcoming The red planet: A natural history of Mars, warns governments and space pioneers need to decide what they want to do with the planet. "Any crewed mission will be at the end of the most precarious supply line in history,' he says. Crews will thus need to rely on what resources Mars can offer "which is why future planned missions to Mars rely heavily on the anodyne-sounding practice of in situ resource utilisation". He suggests that to protect Mars an international agreement is needed similar to the Antarctic Treaty effective 1961 that saves that continent for science. "It's almost inevitable that, if we do nothing, the default (read guaranteed outcome) will be a chaotic and exploitative land grab."
Then there are the pollution concerns. The risks for the Earth relate largely to climate change. Rockets are propelled by the fossil fuels such as kerosene that emit carbon dioxide, chlorine and other chemicals. The problem is the pollutants including soot are emitted into the upper atmosphere and can destroy the ozone layer, while heat released closer to Earth can act like greenhouse gases. The greater the number of space flights, the greater the damage and the bigger the political problem confronting the space adventurers.
When it comes to pollution in space, the immediate environmental concern is the amount of debris the space race will add into orbit that, if nothing else, increases the chance of collisions. Nasa estimates more than 100 million pieces of space junk are spinning around the earth. The US Department of Defense tracks about 27,000 pieces of 'space junk' that have wrecked satellites (which only puts more debris in space). One solution is that of Japanese firm Astroscale, which is testing magnetic satellites that can help remove debris. A longer-term concern is damage by humans to planets on which they live, work and exploit.
Such challenges and no doubt setbacks are part of the space race. At the moment, though, the space joyriders are empowered. Without ever misspeaking, space superhero Buzz Lightyear from Toy Story probably best sums up the enthusiasm of Bezos, Branson and Musk and others as they seek to emulate the space heroes of yesterday. "To infinity and beyond."
Funds operated by this manager:Magellan Global Fund (Hedged), Magellan Global Fund (Open Class Units) ASX:MGOC, Magellan High Conviction Fund, Magellan Infrastructure Fund, Magellan Infrastructure Fund (Unhedged), MFG Core Infrastructure Fund
Clive James. 'Fame in the 20th century.' Pages 123 to 124. Penguin Books. 1994.
Nasa. 'July 20, 1969: One giant leap for mankind.' nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/apollo11.html
See Nasa. International Space Exploration Coordination Group. 'Benefits stemming from space exploration.' September 2003. nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/Benefits-Stemming-from-Space-Exploration-2013-TAGGED.pdf
'Jeff Bezos blasts into space on own rocket: Best day ever!' The Washington Post. 21 July 2021. washingtonpost.com/business/bezos-riding-own-rocket-on-companys-1st-flight-with-people/2021/07/20/29791bf8-e92c-11eb-a2ba-3be31d349258_story.html
Virgin Galactic. 'Virgin Galactic successfully completes first fully crewed spaceflight.' 11 July 2021. virgingalactic.com/articles/virgin-galactic-successfully-completes-first-fully-crewed-spaceflight/
Companies in Japan are interested. See Japan's Lunar Industry Vision Council. 'Toward the planet 6.0 era.' July 2021. ispace-inc.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/LIV_EXECUTIVE-SUMMARY_FINAL_20210710_EN_0712_2MB.pdf
Boeing Space Launch System is the Boeing arm focused on space. Boeing in space. 'The future of space is built here.' boeing.com/space/
Morgan Stanley. 'Space: Investing in the final frontier.' 24 July 2021. morganstanley.com/ideas/investing-in-space
Nasa. 'Demo-2: Launching into history.' 1 June 2020. nasa.gov/image-feature/demo-2-launching-into-history. t
National Geographic. 'SpaceX launches first astronauts on reused rocket.' 23 April 2021. nationalgeographic.com/science/article/spacex-launches-first-astronauts-on-a-reused-rocket
SpaceX. Starship to land Nasa astronauts on the moon.' 16 April 2021. spacex.com/updates/starship-moon-announcement/index.html. Musk says this could happen before 2024. See 'Elon Musk says SpaceX ready to land humans on moon 'probably sooner' than 2024.' Newsweek. 15 August 2021. newsweek.com/elon-musk-spacex-ready-humans-moon-sooner-2024-1619475
CNBC. 'Bank of America expects the space industry to triple to a $1.4 trillion market within a decade.' 4 October 2020. cnbc.com/2020/10/02/why-the-space-industry-may-triple-to-1point4-trillion-by-2030.html
See, The Atlantic. 'Finally, a private spaceflight with a billionaire you've never heard of.' 13 September 2021. theatlantic.com/science/archive/2021/09/spacex-inspiration4-private-crew/620056/. See also, SpaceX. 'SpaceX to launch Inspiration4 mission to orbit.' 1 February 2021. spacex.com/updates/inspiration-4-mission/index.html
Virgin Galactic. 'Virgin Galactic announces second quarter 2021 financial results.' 5 August 2021. investors.virgingalactic.com/news/news-details/2021/Virgin-Galactic-Announces-Second-Quarter-2021-Financial-Results/default.aspx
See Axiom Space website. axiomspace.com/axiom-station. The facility will orbit 250 miles above the earth at 17,000 miles per hour.
Nature.com. 'Satellite mega-constellations create risks in low earth orbit, the atmosphere and on earth.' 20 May 2021. nature.com/articles/s41598-021-89909-7. Other companies with plans to launch satellites in numbers include Amazon, Chinese state firm GW, UK-based OneWeb and Télésat of Belgium.
Nasa. Artemis Program. 'Humanity's return to the moon.' nasa.gov/specials/artemis/. See Nasa. Europa Clipper mission. europa.nasa.gov/ See also 'Nasa perseveres through pandemic, looks ahead in 2021.' 5 January 2021. nasa.gov/feature/nasa-perseveres-through-pandemic-looks-ahead-in-2021
Xinhua. 'China succeeds in first Mars landing.' 15 May 2021. xinhuanet.com/english/2021-05/15/c_139947277.htm
Xinhua. 'China's Chang'e-4 probe soft-lands on the Moon's far side.' 3 January 2019. xinhuanet.com/english/2019-01/03/c_137716800.htm
Xinhua. 'China, Russia invite international partners in lunar research station cooperation.' 17 June 2021. xinhuanet.com/english/2021-06/17/c_1310011788.htm
UN. Office for Outer Space Affairs. 'World space agencies.' unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/space-agencies.html
Axiom. 'Why space?' axiomspace.com/why-space
'About Blue Origin'. blueorigin.com/about-blue
Space.com. 'Elon Musk floats 'nuke Mars' idea again (and he has T-shirts). 17 August 2021. space.com/elon-musk-nuke-mars-terraforming.html
Reuters. 'US grounds Virgin Galactic flights pending mishap probe.' 3 September 2021. reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/us-bars-virgin-galactic-rocket-plane-flights-pending-mishap-probe-2021-09-02/
The Times. 'Cracks in International Space Station cannot be repaired, Russia claims.' 1 September 2021. thetimes.co.uk/article/cracks-in-international-space-station-cannot-be-repaired-russia-claims-59dhbzs6r
Space.com. Space collision: Chinese satellite got whacked by hunk of Russian rocket in March.' 16 August 2021. space.com/space-junk-collision-chinese-satellite-yunhai-1-02
US Defense Intelligence Agency. 'Challenges to security in space.' January 2019. dia.mil/Portals/27/Documents/News/Military%20Power%20Publications/Space_Threat_V14_020119_sm.pdf See Department of Defense. US Space Command. spacecom.mil/#/. See also 19FortyFive (a US-based publication focused on national security). 'Don't let China turn space into the new South China Sea.' August 2021. 19fortyfive.com/2021/08/dont-let-china-turn-space-into-the-new-south-china-sea/
Nature.com. Op sit.
Virgin Galactic. Second quarter result 2021. Op cit.
'Inventory of CO2 available for terraforming Mars.' Nature magazine. 1 August 2018. nature.com/articles/s41550-018-0529-6.epdf
Twitter. @elonmusk. 22 December 2015. twitter.com/elonmusk/status/679127406813188097
National Geographic. 'Touchdown! SpaceX rocket makes a perfect upright landing.' 23 December 2015 nationalgeographic.com/science/article/151222-spacex-landing-rocket-video-space.
See National Geographic. 'How SpaceX became Nasa's go-to ride into orbit.' 12 November 2020. nationalgeographic.com/science/article/how-spacex-became-nasas-go-to-ride-orbit
SpaceX. Falcon 9. spacex.com/vehicles/falcon-9/
Cnet. 'SpaceX Falcon 9 missed its landing last month because of a hole in the boot.' 1 March 2021. cnet.com/news/spacex-falcon-9-missed-landing-last-month-because-of-a-hole-in-a-boot/
Forbes. 'Why SpaceX is a game changer for Nasa.' 4 June 2020. forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2020/06/04/why-spacex-is-a-game-changer-for-nasa-infographic/
Nasa Technical Reports Server. 'The recent large reduction in space launch cost.' 8-12 July 2018. ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20200001093. See also Nextbigfuture.com. 'SpaceX starship is bigger and cheaper than the external shuttle tank.' 28 May 2020. nextbigfuture.com/2020/05/spacex-starship-is-bigger-and-cheaper-than-the-external-shuttle-tank.html
arsTECHNICA. 'SpaceX to launch the Europa Clipper mission for a bargain price.' 24 July 2021. arstechnica.com/science/2021/07/spacex-to-launch-the-europa-clipper-mission-for-a-bargain-price/
Blue Origin. 'Open letter to administrator Nelson.' 26 July 2021. blueorigin.com/news/open-letter-to-administrator-nelson
'Jeff Bezos's Blue Origin files suit in federal court as it pursues a campaign to win a slice of Nasa moon contract.' 16 August 2021. The Washington Post. (Bezos owns the Post.) washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/08/16/blue-origin-spacex-rivalry-lawsuit-nasa/
arsTECHNICA. 'Blue Origin has a secret project named 'Jarvis' to compete with SpaceX.' 27 July 2021. arstechnica.com/science/2021/07/blue-origin-is-developing-reusable-second-stage-other-advanced-projects/
Nasa. 'Construction with regolith.' 6 March 2017. nasa.gov/api/citations/20170002067/downloads/20170002067.pdf
Nasa. 'Assessing Perseverance's first sample attempt.' 11 August 2021. mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/mission/status/320/assessing-perseverances-first-sample-attempt/ See WIRED. 'Why Perseverance's first Mars drilling attempt came up empty.' 12 August 2021. wired.com/story/why-perseverances-first-mars-drilling-attempt-came-up-empty/
Nasa. Mission pages. 'Psyche overview.' nasa.gov/mission_pages/psyche/overview/index.html. See Financial Times. 'Space mining: black holes await investors.' 14 August 2021. ft.com/content/7ede2b1e-2872-4c04-b0ba-0ae6486ea9ee
China Daily. 'Scientists envision solar power station in space.' 27 February 2019. chinadaily.com.cn/a/201902/27/WS5c75c8b3a3106c65c34eb8e3.html
Milken Institute Review. 'Space mining is coming.' 26 April 2021. milkenreview.org/articles/mining-in-space-is-coming
Nasa. 'Making soil for space habitats by seeding asteroids with fungi.' 26 February 2021. nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/niac/2021_Phase_I/Making_Soil_for_Space_Habitats/. See also Scientific American. 'Future space travel might require mushrooms.' 3 August 2021. scientificamerican.com/article/space-travels-most-surprising-future-ingredient-mushrooms/
Morgan Stanley. Ideas. 'Does Earth's future depend on space?' 10 July 2020. morganstanley.com/ideas/space-earth-sustainability
Kevin Cook, author of 'The burning blue: The untold story of Christa McAuliffe and Nasa's Challenger disaster.' Henry Hold & Co. August 2021. This excerpt is from 'The case against space tourism.' 22 July 2021. The Wall Street Journal. wsj.com/articles/blue-origin-spacex-bezos-musk-galactic-branson-tourism-space-11626968962
c|net. 'Branson on Virgin Galactic crash: Space flight is hard - but worth it.' 1 November 2014. cnet.com/news/branson-on-virgin-galactic-crash-space-is-hard-but-worth-it/
Boeing. Tweet from @BoeingSpace. 4 August 2021. twitter.com/BoeingSpace/status/1422716652727250945
'Boeing space flight postponed after mishap at space station.' 29 July 2021. The Wall Street Journal. wsj.com/articles/boeing-space-flight-postponed-after-mishap-at-space-station-11627589940
Nasa. 'What is a solar flare?' nasa.gov/content/goddard/what-is-a-solar-flare
Aie.org. Blog post. 'Space expansion, planetary geopolitics and the end of humanity. My long read q&a with Daniel Deudney.' 19 June 2021. aei.org/economics/space-expansionism-geopolitics-and-the-future-of-humanity-my-long-read-qa-with-daniel-deudney/. See also World Political Review. 'Colonising space is not the solution to our problems here on earth.' 26 July 2021. worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/29832/despite-dreams-of-colonization-space-won-t-solve-our-problems-on-earth
United Nations. Office for Outer Space Affairs. 'Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.' unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/copuos/index.html
United Nations. Office for Disarmament Affairs. The Outer Space Treaty is formally the 'Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies.' treaties.unoda.org/t/outer_space
Simon Morden. 'We are on the brink of a new space race - it's time to talk about Mars.' 9 August 2021. independent.co.uk/voices/mars-nasa-space-race-b1898113.html. The red planet: A natural history of Mars. Simon Morden. To be published by Elliott & Thompson September 2021.
See The Guardian. 'How the space race could be one giant leap for pollution.' 19 July 2021. theguardian.com/science/2021/jul/19/billionaires-space-tourism-environment-emissions. See also, 'The rise of space tourism could affect earth's climate in unforeseen ways, scientists worry.' 26 July 2021. space.com/environmental-impact-space-tourism-flights
Nasa. Office of inspector general. 'Nasa's efforts to mitigate the risks posed by orbital debris.' 27 January 2021. Page 3. oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-011.pdf
Science and history. 'Space is getting crowded with junk.' 3 July 2021. sciencendhistory.blogspot.com/2021/07/space%20debris%20in%20orbit.html
Spacenews. 'Astroscale complete first test of satellite capture technology.' 25 August 2021. spacenews.com/astroscale-complete-first-test-of-satellite-capture-technology/
Important Information: This material has been delivered to you by Magellan Asset Management Limited ABN 31 120 593 946 AFS Licence No. 304 301 ('Magellan') and has been prepared for general information purposes only and must not be construed as investment advice or as an investment recommendation. This material does not take into account your investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs. This material does not constitute an offer or inducement to engage in an investment activity nor does it form part of any offer documentation, offer or invitation to purchase, sell or subscribe for interests in any type of investment product or service. You should read and consider any relevant offer documentation applicable to any investment product or service and consider obtaining professional investment advice tailored to your specific circumstances before making any investment decision. A copy of the relevant PDS relating to a Magellan financial product or service may be obtained by calling +61 2 9235 4888 or by visiting www.magellangroup.com.au.
Past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results and no person guarantees the future performance of any strategy, the amount or timing of any return from it, that asset allocations will be met, that it will be able to be implemented and its investment strategy or that its investment objectives will be achieved. This material may contain 'forward-looking statements'. Actual events or results or the actual performance of a Magellan financial product or service may differ materially from those reflected or contemplated in such forward-looking statements.
This material may include data, research and other information from third party sources. Magellan makes no guarantee that such information is accurate, complete or timely and does not provide any warranties regarding results obtained from its use. This information is subject to change at any time and no person has any responsibility to update any of the information provided in this material. Statements contained in this material that are not historical facts are based on current expectations, estimates, projections, opinions and beliefs of Magellan. Such statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, and undue reliance should not be placed thereon.
Any trademarks, logos, and service marks contained herein may be the registered and unregistered trademarks of their respective owners. This material and the information contained within it may not be reproduced, or disclosed, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of Magellan. | aerospace |
https://virallfeed.xyz/spacex-launched-a-super-heavy-starship-rocket-on-a-second-test-flight-but-it-failed-to-reach-space/ | 2023-12-10T00:41:37 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100989.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209233632-20231210023632-00148.warc.gz | 0.94694 | 2,010 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__181693391 | en | SpaceX is giantThe most powerful rocket ever built was launched from its surface On Saturday, while the initial stages of the mission went smoothly, the first stage disintegrated moments after it separated from the spacecraft’s upper stage. The spacecraft, in turn, blew itself up as it approached space.
Considered a successful learning experiment by SpaceX, it was the second consecutive failure to send the spacecraft’s upper stage into space, which is a frustrating disappointment for us.This step constitutes a potential major setback for NASA, which is counting on the spacecraft to transport Artemis astronauts to the surface of the moon in the next few years.
While SpaceX’s philosophy is to fly as quickly as possible and learn from any mistakes, NASA will need a long string of successful missions before the agency deems it safe to put astronauts on board. There is no doubt that SpaceX will resolve the issues that led to Saturday’s flight being derailed, but each delay poses a threat to NASA’s lunar landing schedule.
But SpaceX Post on social media “With a test like this, success comes from what we learn,” he said, “and today’s test will help us improve spacecraft reliability as SpaceX seeks to make life multiplanetary.”
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson was also supportive.
“Congratulations to the teams who made progress in flight testing today.” chirp. “Spaceflight is a bold adventure that requires a can-do spirit and bold innovation. Today’s test is an opportunity to learn and then fly again.”
After shattering the morning calm at SpaceX’s Boca Chica launch site on the Texas Gulf Coast, the spacecraft’s 33 methane-burning Raptor engines ignited in a torrent of flame at 8:03 a.m. EDT, sweeping the rocket Immediately in rising clouds of dust and steam.
The 397-foot-long, 11-million-pound rocket gulps down more than 40,000 pounds of methane and liquid oxygen per second, impressing thousands of area residents, tourists and journalists watching from nearby South Padre Island.
The launch came nearly seven months after the first test flight on April 20Four minutes after liftoff, due to several first stage engine failures, problems separating the spacecraft from Super Heavy and a catastrophic stumble. Maximum elevation: 24 miles.
The second time, the rocket went further and many of the systems that derailed the first test flight appeared to be operating normally. All 33 Raptor engines powering the first stage were fired throughout the booster phase of the flight, and the new “hot staging” system, where the spacecraft’s engines were ignited before separation, worked as designed.
Moments after separation, the first stage flipped over and began lining up for a planned landing in the Gulf of Mexico, near the Texas coast. But moments later, it suddenly collapsed, perhaps due to the pressures imposed by the hot staging technique.
However, the spacecraft continued to climb into space with the power of its six Raptor engines. All went well until about eight and a half minutes into the flight when controllers lost contact with the rocket. The craft had disappeared from view on long-range tracking cameras at that point, but the sudden shimmering disturbance in the atmosphere may have been a sign of the missile’s destruction.
“We lost data from the second stage,” said John Innsbrucker, a SpaceX engineer.
Musk, the founder of SpaceX, can be seen sitting with flight controllers, looking at computer screens to get a sense of what might happen.
Moments later, Innsbrucker said: “The second stage’s automated flight termination system appears to have been activated very late in the burn as we were heading down over the Gulf of Mexico.”
The FAA said in a statement that it will participate “in every step of the accident investigation process and must approve the final accident report, including corrective actions.”
“The Starship Super Heavy vehicle’s return to flight is dependent on the FAA’s determination that any system, process, or procedure related to the mishap does not impact public safety,” the statement read.
What worked – and what went wrong?
It is not yet known why the Super Heavy booster disintegrated or why the Starship’s upper stage apparently failed before or after the engine was shut down. But SpaceX commentators said the primary goal of the flight, which was to test the hot staging system to separate the upper and lower stages, appeared to be working as planned.
Likewise, all 33 Raptor engines on Super Heavy and the six engines that power the Starship spacecraft appear to operate normally as long as the vehicles are visible. It remains to be seen how other upgrades play out in the wake of Saturday’s April fiasco.
NASA is spending billions on a variant of the spacecraft to transport Artemis astronauts to the moon’s surface. SpaceX is counting on the rocket to dramatically expand its fleet of Starlink internet satellites and to eventually power low-cost government and commercial flights to the Moon, Mars and beyond, in keeping with Musk’s drive to make humanity a “multi-planetary species.”
Multiple test flights will be needed to prove the reliability required for astronaut flights, and it is not yet clear how long that might take. While Saturday’s launch was not entirely successful, it demonstrated strong engine performance and successful stage separation.
On the April flight, the pad was severely damaged, the Super Heavy rocket suffered several premature engine shutdowns, the stage separation system did not work and the rocket’s self-destruct system took longer than expected to activate.
The rocket reached a maximum altitude of 24 miles, well below the 50 miles that NASA considers the “limit” of space, before tumbling back toward Earth and exploding in a fireball of burning propellant.
The FAA investigated the failure and cited “multiple root causes of the mishap and 63 corrective actions that SpaceX must take to prevent a reoccurrence of the mishap.”
Musk said the company has implemented “over a thousand” changes to improve safety and performance. The company finally received the required launch license from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) earlier this week after a final review of the missile’s potential impact on wildlife in the area.
Besides hot staging, SpaceX added a powerful water immersion system to the launch pad to reduce acoustic shock from engine ignition and combined propulsion effects. During the launch in April, the platform’s base was severely damaged, with steel and concrete debris exploding into the surrounding area.
Other major upgrades include replacing the hydraulic motors with an electric motor steering system and an improved and faster self-destruct system.
The most powerful missile in the world
Musk believes the Super Heavy spacecraft will open a new era in space transportation.
It is the largest and most powerful rocket ever built, standing 40 stories tall and weighing more than 11 million pounds when fully loaded with propellant.
The rocket burns methane gas with liquid oxygen, and is capable of generating an astonishing 16.7 million pounds of thrust, more than twice that of NASA’s Space Launch System lunar rocket and the legendary Saturn V rocket from the Apollo era.
The Super Heavy first stage alone is 230 feet high, while the Starship upper stage, designed to carry cargo, passengers or both, is another 164 feet high, and is equipped with six of its own Raptor engines. It is capable of lifting up to 150 tons of cargo into low Earth orbit.
Getting the Super Heavy-Starship on a regular basis is critical to NASA’s Artemis moon program. NASA awarded SpaceX a $2.9 billion contract in 2021 to develop a variant of Starship’s upper stage to transport astronauts to the lunar surface in the next two to three years.
To send a spacecraft to the moon, SpaceX must first refuel it in low Earth orbit, robotically transferring thousands of gallons of ultra-cold cryogenic propellant carried by multiple Starship “tankers.” The number of carriers needed is not yet known, but senior NASA managers have said that for each spacecraft sent to the Moon more than a dozen will be needed.
NASA’s contract requires one unmanned lunar test flight before astronauts can attempt a landing. Artemis managers continue to officially target late 2025 for the first lunar landing with astronauts on board, but that’s not remotely possible given SpaceX’s speed in developing the Starship system.
It is also unknown when SpaceX might be ready to launch paying customers aboard the new rocket. Aside from NASA’s lunar program, at least three civilian missions have been booked so far.
Billionairwhich planned the Crew Dragon’s first private flight to low Earth orbit in 2019, plans to be on board the spacecraft’s first crewed orbital flight as part of its Polaris Dawn program.
Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa, who paid the Russians for a visit to the International Space Station in 2021, also chartered a Starship — “Dear Moon” — to take him, a co-pilot and 10 artists and influencers on a privately funded trip around the Moon.
A third civilian Starship flight carrying 12 passengers, including space station veteran Dennis Tito and his wife, has also been booked. Tito paid the Russians an estimated $20 million to visit the International Space Station in 2001, and says he can’t wait to return to space and share the experience with his wife.
It is not known what SpaceX may charge for a privately chartered Starship flight.
#SpaceX #launched #Super #HeavyStarship #rocket #test #flight #failed #reach #space | aerospace |
https://thenewzly.com/2021/04/18/spacex-to-establish-human-landing-system-for-nasas-next-moon-mission/ | 2021-05-14T01:51:12 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243989616.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20210513234920-20210514024920-00374.warc.gz | 0.929434 | 278 | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__169736169 | en | If all goes in accordance to program, human beings will return to the moon through NASA’s 2024mission. And thanks to a $2.9 billion agreement, they will descend to the lunar surface in a SpaceX human-landing process.
NASA granted SpaceX the unique deal, though it at first prepared to contain Dynetics and Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin in the venture as properly. Budgetary constraints pressured NASA to stick with just just one occasion, which is why SpaceX, now a extended-time NASA collaborator, will get the honor of dropping the initially people on the Moon in four a long time.
SpaceX volunteered its reusable Starship spacecraft for the Artemis mission, a ship made to carry large portions of cargo (or huge numbers of individuals) at a somewhat minimal value. It also takes place that, amongst the firms hoping for a NASA agreement, House X wanted the least quantity of money—by a “wide margin.”
Artemis is the to start with manned moon mission due to the fact 1972, and it will mark the initially time that a woman techniques foot on the lunar area. The SpaceX human landing procedure will engage in a key component in the mission, which will go through a few phases—an uncrewed flight, a manned fly-by, and in 2024, a good excursion to the moon.
Source: NASA via | aerospace |
https://mesquitelocalnews.com/2016/03/23/womens-air-race-lands-in-mesquite/ | 2021-10-28T11:58:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323588284.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20211028100619-20211028130619-00263.warc.gz | 0.9798 | 443 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__165758085 | en | The Mesquite Municipal Airport served as a leg of a 600 nautical mile air race on Mar. 18 and 19 when the “99’s” women’s pilot association landed. The Havasu 600 Air Race started in Borrego Valley, California with the first leg ending in Mesquite. The second and final leg ended in Lake Havasu, Arizona.
Each of the 13 participating teams was assigned a handicap based on the power and overall speed of the plane, much like a golf handicap. Each plane was timed and graded on how direct their route was.
The 99’s women pilot’s organization was founded in 1929 when Amelia Earhart, who was one of America’s most famous pilots, asked all the licensed women pilots in the country to meet with her “for the fun of it,” at an airport on Long Island, New York. A total of 99 women showed up and thus the name of the organization was born.
According to Susan Peck, who was one of the organizers of the race, “The 99’s are now international with chapters all over the world.” The international headquarters for the group is in Oklahoma City, which also is the location of a women’s aviation museum. The chapter organizing the race through Mesquite was the Rio Colorado Chapter in Arizona.
To be timed, the pilots flew over the airport at an altitude of 500 feet. The pilots were also judged for how level they kept their plane and for their approach and landing. Each plane was required to announce to the timers on the ground when they were approaching the airport.
Greeting the planes as they landed were volunteer members of Mesquite Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) who helped set up the facilities and members of the Mesquite Fire Fighters Association who cooked food for the pilots. The pilots stayed overnight and were driven in classic cars to and from the airport by members of the Over the Hill Gang car club, organized by Tom and Jayne Fulton of Mesquite.
The winners of the race were pilot Shannon Stebbens and co-pilot Diana Stebbins of Arizona. | aerospace |
http://engineeringethicsblog.blogspot.com/2010/05/military-and-civilian-engineering-x-37b.html | 2013-05-19T06:27:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368696384181/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516092624-00072-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.972508 | 1,325 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__201250921 | en | The profession of engineering has deep roots in military culture and military organizations. Both in France and the U. S., the first engineering schools in the late 1700s and early 1800s were military academies, and the first people trained in what we would now call the profession of engineering were military servicemen educated in the technicalities of forts, armaments, and related matters. When such training proved to be useful in fields other than war, the first practitioners of non-military engineering were called "civil engineers" to distinguish them from the only other kind at the time. Although the military employs only a minority of engineers today, the story of the X-37B says a lot about the different ways a military and a civilian organization go about achieving similar goals.
The X-37B is a recently launched unmanned space vehicle that the U. S. Air Force has developed, apparently to maintain its ability to launch spy satellites now that the last scheduled Shuttle flight is taking place as I write this. Like the Shuttle, it is a reusable craft with vestigial wings whose design was based on the Shuttle when NASA asked Boeing to develop an earlier version, the X-37, back in 1999. During the last decade, according to Wikipedia, the NASA design served as the basis for the Air Force's X-37B, which was announced in 2006 and then cloaked mostly in secrecy. Unlike NASA, whose proceedings are open and publicized almost to a fault, the Air Force gives out only such information as suits its purposes. So for example, we have only an early artist's conception of what the X-37B really looks like. But when the launch of the first X-37B took place last month (April 22, to be exact), amateur satellite observers and others figured out pretty fast what was happening.
The Air Force has always had a claim on a certain number of Shuttle flights to deliver its most advanced spy satellites into orbit. Even now we do not have full data on the nature of these satellites, but there is enough indirect evidence to show that they produce images superior to anything you can find on Google Earth, for example, and can be reconfigured and steered to watch trouble spots in most parts of the world as needed. During the Cold War, these satellites played an essential role in arms-reduction verification and many other aspects of that conflict, and after the Soviet Union came apart the programs continued for obvious reasons, since having eyes in the sky better than anyone else's will always provide a strategic advantage in both war and peace.
As long as the Shuttle was in operation, it could be relied upon to deliver new spy satellites, but the hiatuses caused by the two major accidents (Challenger in 1986 and especially Columbia in 2003) plus the planned ending of the Shuttle program inspired the Air Force to find an alternative. The nice thing about a military organization is that it is largely unencumbered by democracy. Democracy, I am convinced, is the best way to conduct public affairs. But once a specific technical objective has been decided upon, a well-run military organization has a much better chance of delivering the goods on time and under budget than other types of organizations. So now at fairly low cost (in the hundreds of millions rather than many billion, apparently) and in about a decade (including the seven-year NASA development, or even less time if you consider only the Air Force version), we have a space vehicle that does one of the most important functions of the Shuttle. And by its very nature, nobody on board can ever get killed because nobody is on board to start with.
Of course, the X-37B has a limited range of tasks it can do. Compared to the Shuttle, it is a butter knife to the Shuttle's Swiss army knife—it can do only one thing, but it should do it pretty well. Advances in remotely piloted vehicles and robotics have allowed the Air Force to do without people on board, and while this may lead to situations that a person in space would come in handy for, you can still do a lot with robots nowadays, only perhaps slower. But during an X-37B flight, there is no time pressure to get a task done before the oxygen and food runs out and the humans have to be carted back safely to Earth. Things can just take as long as they take. So in some ways, operations with the X-37B should be more deliberate and therefore better planned and executed.
Does this mean I favor a military type of organization for all engineering works? To a large degree, that is what we already have. The large commercial firms that do engineering have mimicked military organization in more ways than you might think. An engineer at a large company may not have to salute his boss or do kitchen-police duty for getting to work late, but everyone in a company knows there is a strict chain of command that one violates at his or her peril.
Of course, there are problems with the military style of doing things as well. When input from a large number and variety of constituencies should be considered, as in a public work that affects lots of people, the military style does not function that well. This problem has played out in such situations as the deteriorated state of dikes and flood protection systems that was the nominal, but not total, responsibility of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers in New Orleans before Katrina struck. To be fair, the Corps had its hands tied with regard to much of that infrastructure, and things might have gone better if it had taken over complete control of all aspects of the system. But that was a political impossibility.
Nevertheless, when you have a specific, clear-cut job to be done, it looks like handing it over to the military arm can work pretty well. That assumes, of course, that the military either possesses or has access to the necessary technical expertise. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill that is still going on in the Gulf of Mexico has inspired calls to shove British Petroleum out of the way and put the military in charge. As I mentioned a few blog posts ago, the problem with this idea is that BP and their contractor Transocean have all the smarts in this case. But if the problems that BP and Transocean are having are organizational rather than technical, they might benefit from having the Marines run things for a while.
Sources: The Wikipedia article "Boeing X-37" supplied most of my data on the NASA X-37 and the Air Force X-37B. | aerospace |
https://gta.fandom.com/wiki/Knife_Flights | 2019-05-22T19:43:43 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232256948.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20190522183240-20190522205240-00269.warc.gz | 0.929709 | 291 | CC-MAIN-2019-22 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__203817906 | en | Knife Flights are a miscellaneous challenge in Grand Theft Auto V.
It requires the player to use a fixed-wing aircraft (helicopters can not perform a knife) and fly with the wings aligned vertically (a.k.a. knife) in between 15 sets of buildings around the game world to complete part the "Close Shave" achievement/trophy. The player also needs to complete all 50 Under the Bridge challenges in order to fully complete the "Close Shave" achievement/trophy.
Any 8 of the 15 knife flights also count toward 100% completion.
|This article or section is Under Construction.|
- It is highly recommended the player completes Flight School at least up to the "Knife Flight" mission as knifing can prove to be quite difficult for inexperienced pilots.
- In fact, it is more convenient to do Knife Flights during Flight School missions, since crashing simply fails the challenge and restarts it, rather than killing the player and respawning them at the nearest hospital. Begin the "Knife Flight" or "Loop the Loop" challenge, go through the first (takeoff) checkpoint, and from hereon the player can ignore the instructor without the mission failing.
- The Mallard and Duster are the most recommended aircraft to complete knife flights (for inexperienced pilots), while the P-996 LAZER and Besra are suitable for experienced pilots. | aerospace |
https://th.utiket.com/en/flights/pangkalan_bun-pkn-sampit-smq.html | 2021-01-26T02:27:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610704795033.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20210126011645-20210126041645-00145.warc.gz | 0.906872 | 189 | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__271640679 | en | Looking for a cheap flight from Pangkalan Bun to Sampit (PKN-SMQ)?
Before you book a flight you can use Utiket to find the cheapest flights from Pangkalan Bun to Sampit for Lion Air, Batik Air, Citilink, Garuda Indonesia, Wings Air, Indonesia AirAsia. All flight data are real-time and accurate. Utiket finds all the cheapest flights from Pangkalan Bun to Sampit.
The Iskandar Airport is a Class II domestic airport with basic facilities located on the Iskandar Pangkalan Bun street. From here you can fly to several cities on Borneo and Java.
H. Asan Airport (SMQ) also known as Sampit Airport, is a small airport in Sampit, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The airport is capable of handling jet aircraft like the Boeing 737. | aerospace |
http://www.insitu.com/careers/benefits | 2015-04-01T17:49:26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131305143.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172145-00098-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.918044 | 692 | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-14__0__122367905 | en | Feb 25, 2015
BINGEN, Wash., Feb. 25, 2014 – Insitu announced today the successful demonstration of its Integrator unmanned aircraft system during the live flight event at IDEX in Abu Dhabi. The two-day live fly took place on 24 and 25 February at the Al Tareef Airstrip, and was held in conjunction with the Unmanned Systems Exhibition and Conference (UMEX). Integrator performed two flights, showcasing key features and capabilities including ease of transport and set up, small footprint launch and recovery systems and its open-architecture ground control application, ICOMC2.
Feb 18, 2015
BINGEN, Wash., Feb. 18, 2014 – Insitu announced today that it will showcase its combat-proven unmanned systems and present the capabilities of its Integrator platform in a live flight demonstration at the International Defence Exhibition & Conference (IDEX) in Abu Dhabi, UAE, 22-26 February, 2015.
Dec 22, 2014
The Gorge Technology Alliance (GTA) held its second annual awards program on December 16, 2014, recognizing Andy von Flotow of Hood Technology as the 2014 GTA Technology Leader of the Year and Insitu as the 2014 GTA Technology Organization of the Year.
Oct 29, 2014
BINGEN, Wash., Oct. 29, 2014 – From its booth at the Euronaval Exhibition and Conference in Paris, Insitu announced today ScanEagle 2, the next generation of its revolutionary ScanEagle platform.
Aug 06, 2014
BINGEN, Wash., Aug. 6, 2014 –Boeing [NYSE: BA] and subsidiary Insitu Inc. today named Ryan Hartman Insitu president and CEO, effective immediately. Hartman most recently served as senior vice president, Insitu Programs. He succeeds CEO Steve Morrow, who is retiring.
Jul 22, 2014
BINGEN, Wash., July 22, 2014 – Insitu announced today the successful 24-hour flight of its Integrator unmanned aircraft.
May 13, 2014
BRISBANE, Australia, May 13, 2014 - Insitu Pacific, the Australia-based subsidiary of Insitu Inc., today announced it recently conducted a successful demonstration for the New South Wales Rural Fire Service (NSW RFS) using the ScanEagle unmanned aircraft system (UAS).
Mar 18, 2014
BRISBANE, Australia, March 18, 2014 - Insitu Pacific, the Australia-based subsidiary of Insitu Inc., will be displaying its capabilities at the upcoming Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association (APPEA) Conference and Exhibition, April 6-9, in Perth.
Mar 05, 2014
Queensland Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) researchers have made what’s believed to be a world-first breakthrough for small Unmanned Aircraft (UA), developing an onboard system that has enabled a UA to detect another aircraft using vision while in flight.
Feb 24, 2014
BINGEN, Wash., Jan. 2, 2014 – Insitu announced today the delivery of an RQ-21A Blackjack to the Navy and Marine Corps. This represents the first Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP) system delivered under the Navy’s Small Tactical Unmanned Aircraft System (STUAS) contract and enables the program to enter into the initial operational test and evaluation (IOT&E) phase. | aerospace |
http://gazette.com/article/1507122 | 2018-06-20T13:43:06 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267863519.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20180620124346-20180620144346-00320.warc.gz | 0.936751 | 172 | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__221102601 | en | SALT LAKE CITY — A union leader says the government shutdown has furloughed some workers at Hill Air Force Base while forcing others to work without pay.
Monty Lewis says the skilled aircraft workers are angry over the standoff in Congress. Lewis is president of the American Federation of Government Employees Local 1592. It represents about 8,000 mechanics, electricians, sheet-metal workers and others at Hill Air Force Base.
More than 50 furloughed workers joined one protest outside Hill Air Force Base on Tuesday and plan to do it again.
Lewis says they will gather Thursday outside the Ogden field office of U.S. Rep. Rob Bishop, R-Utah.
Hill Air Force Base is Utah's largest employer with some 25,000 federal employees and contractors. It pours about $3 billion into the Utah economy. | aerospace |
https://profoundqa.com/which-propulsion-system-gives-more-efficiency-in-ship/ | 2024-04-15T22:46:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817033.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415205332-20240415235332-00821.warc.gz | 0.940383 | 437 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__42622717 | en | Table of Contents
Which propulsion system gives more efficiency in ship?
Diesel propulsion is the most common system today. It offers greater efficiency than the steam turbine. Gas turbine systems are used mainly in naval ships where the need for speed is critical.
How has space technology helped in the Mars mission?
The Mars 2020 rover mission uses various new technologies during entry, descent, and landing: Range Trigger – for precise timing of the parachute. Terrain-Relative Navigation – to help avoid hazardous terrain. Advanced aeroshell sensor package – to record what the spacecraft experiences during landing and how it …
Why should humans move to Mars?
Reasons for colonizing Mars include curiosity, the potential for humans to provide more in-depth observational research than unmanned rovers, economic interest in its resources, and the possibility that the settlement of other planets could decrease the likelihood of human extinction.
Which propulsion system will take astronauts to Mars?
It is too soon to say which propulsion system will take astronauts to Mars, but we know it needs to be nuclear-enabled to reduce travel time. NASA is advancing multiple options, including nuclear electric and nuclear thermal propulsion.
Why do we need a nuclear reactor to go to Mars?
The current Reference Mission calls for a nuclear reactor to propel the spaceship to Mars. This is desirable because nuclear propulsion reduces travel time to Mars, increasing safety for the crew by reducing their exposure to cosmic rays. Also, a chemically-powered spacecraft weighs much more and costs a lot more to launch.
How can we reduce the risk of the first human mission to Mars?
The agency and its partners are developing, testing, and maturing critical components of various propulsion technologies to reduce the risk of the first human mission to Mars. Illustration of a spacecraft with a nuclear-enabled propulsion system.
What is NASA working on right now to send astronauts to Mars?
NASA is advancing many technologies to send astronauts to Mars as early as the 2030s. Here are six things we are working on right now to make future human missions to the Red Planet possible. 1. Powerful propulsion systems to get us there (and home!) quicker | aerospace |
https://mavencorporation.com/markets/manufacturing/ | 2023-04-01T02:20:47 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949694.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401001704-20230401031704-00280.warc.gz | 0.910216 | 154 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__290089805 | en | Precision Machined Parts
Our factory in Orange County, California gives us unparalleled access to customers, suppliers, and a labor force that focuses on the aerospace industry.
We have manufactured hundreds of parts for military and international customers across the spectrum of platforms: aircraft, armored vehicles, ships, and missile defense.
Maven is proud to manufacture all of our parts in the United States.
Highlights of our capabilities include:
- ISO 9001:2015 and AS 9100 certified
- CNC mills and lathes
- Access to top-quality forgings and castings
- Fixed-wing and rotary-wing platforms
- Same-day shipping on parts in stock
- Small and large production runs
- Government source inspection and military packaging | aerospace |
https://therchelicopter.com/large-4ch-rc-helicopter/ | 2020-04-03T04:26:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370510287.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20200403030659-20200403060659-00437.warc.gz | 0.925741 | 900 | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-16__0__100575669 | en | The large metal remote control helicopter is a great introduction to just one blade radio controlled helis. For those that want to learn how to fly a suitable single blade helicopter, then this is the best option for them. The large metal remote control helis features a large 530mm main rotor diameter for stable flight and good performance for its higher metal strength.
Large 4CH RC Helicopter Review
Table of Contents
This kind of large 4ch RC helicopter is designed with the beginners in mind and is absolutely packaged with all the necessary things needed to fly it aside 8 x AA batteries that is to be used in the radio transmitter. The 7.4V 1500mAh Li-polymer battery supplies gives 10 to 13 minutes of flight time per charge. In addition, Li-polymer and AA batteries are available as an additional option. An example of large 4ch RC helicopter is Red and Black Cool Wltoys V913 Large alloy 70cm 2.4G 4CH RC Remote Control Helicopter with Gyro.
Red and Black Cool Wltoys V913 Large Alloy 70cm 2.4G 4CH RC remote Control Helicopter with gyro
This Red and Black Cool Wltoys V913 adopted 2.4G technology in order to bring about anti-interference and more copters flying together and yet not able to interfere with each other on the sky. It has some functions that at the press of the button, the helicopter will be able to move up, down, left, right, forward, backward, sideways, hovering, 360 degree rotation and as well able to control easily. The helicopter is designed with gyro and comes with strong stability, have easily established different flight movements and even stronger wind resistance. Sincerely, it is very easier to control.Check Price
- Heavier weight making it more stability in wind gusts
- The controller has more features than others
- Susceptible to wind gusts that comes with the territory
- Flight time with 1500mAh battery
- It is large
- Gentle giant stock
- Full of fun
- Best and cheap rc helicopter
- Uses Li-po battery which makes it great for the beginners
- Large enough to be seen
- Functions well
- Have good value for money
- Better stability
- Excellent insurance claim experience
- Not for beginners without supervision
- Very low quality
- Loss connection several times despite the fact that the heli was within acceptable operational distance
- 4GHz wireless remote control channel
- 4 channels mode
- Transmitter power
- 6 x 1.5V AA battery
- Built-in rechargeable battery capacity 7.4V 1500mAh
- Weight: 2kg
- Package size 70 x 12 x 21 cm / 27.51 x 4.72 x 8.25 inches
- Alloy specification remote control
- 1 x EU Plug charger
- 1 x tail blade
- 2 x main blade
- 1 x 7.4V 1500mAh battery
- 1 x Chinese/English manual
This is the best indoor remote control helicopter and it is typically the big brother to the WLtoys V922 and V911. To fly your helicopter is indeed an absorbing event most especially if you understand how you can maneuver very well. The Wltoys aircrafts are produced with high level of competency that is concentrated on stability and agility. They use the fly sky protocol with the help of A7105 RF Chip.
In summary, at times this particular helicopter can cover over 150 meters and can go above your eyesight but you do not have to lose control at this particular point but rather, learn how to control the large radius of the helicopter is your best option.Check Price
When there is not spare part for your RC helicopter, it can easily get you off the limit. The enthusiasts of remote control helicopter cannot withstand the disadvantages of not pushing the capabilities of their aircraft to limits. The entire process results to series of crashes and maintenance often.
If you are a professional in the flying sector, it becomes hard for you to maintain your toy functionality with stock parts every year. The hobby grade RC offers you with different flying modes that are as well able to control the V912 and V911.
It gives ample longevity because of its well built plastic parts, metal alloys and electrical components. It also gives series of maneuverability options which could be lacking in some other helicopters. | aerospace |
https://www.c6f.navy.mil/About-Us/Our-Task-Forces/CTF-67/ | 2022-06-28T09:21:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103360935.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220628081102-20220628111102-00250.warc.gz | 0.837766 | 340 | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__256053385 | en | Task Force 67 is composed of land-based maritime patrol aircraft that operate over the waters of the Mediterranean in anti-submarine, reconnaissance, surveillance, and mining roles. Task Force 67′s official mission is to provide responsive, interoperable, and expeditionary combat ready maritime patrol aircraft and supporting forces to Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe-Africa and Commander, U.S. SIXTH Fleet (CNE-CNA-C6F), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Unified Commanders to conduct effective Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW), provide factual, credible, actionable intelligence, targeting information, and promote cooperative maritime security in order to enhance regional stability to fight and win our Nation's wars.
Task Force organization 2020:
CTF-67 commands all Maritime Patrol and Reconnaissance Aircraft (MPRA) in the European and African theaters.
TG-67.1 Sigonella, Sicily, VP-Patrol Squadron (P-8A)
TG-67.2 Sigonella, Sicily, Tactical Operation Center (TOC)
TU-67.2.1 Sigonella, Sicily, Mobile Tactical Operation Center (MTOC)
TG-67.3 Sigonella, Sicily, Triton UAV (MQ-4)(When Activated)
TG-67.4 Souda Bay, Crete, VQ-Squadron (EP-3)
TG-67.6 Naples, Italy, Helicopter Squadron (HSC)
TG-67.8 Rota, Spain, VP-Patrol Squadron (P-8A)(As Needed) | aerospace |
https://www.dallasavionics.com/cgi-bin/products.cgi?master=avionics&category=elts&man=artex&url=8222.html | 2021-05-09T05:16:39 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243988955.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20210509032519-20210509062519-00580.warc.gz | 0.79826 | 1,169 | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__95582068 | en | 406 MHz ELT Base Pack Unit and Tray
(DAI Part# 8222)
With aircraft NAV-Data seamlessly integrated, latitude/longitude is automatically transmitted every 50 seconds for 24 hours on the 406 MHz distress frequency. This allows emergency responders to pin-point the exact aircraft location within a few minutes of the beacon being activated.
The ARTEX ELT 3000 is designed to reduce the size and weight of the ELT system in a simple-to-install package. To simplify installation, the ARTEX ELT 3000 utilizes a single RF output that connects to a tri-band antenna reducing the installation to a single coax cable. The single input antenna and the elimination of an external NAV interface greatly reduces installation costs.
The ARTEX ELT 3000 is compatible with ARTEX's exclusive online satellite confirmation testing system, 406Test.com. This exclusive system provides real-time beacon testing results through the same satellites used by Search and Rescue ensuring the ELT system is functioning properly. There is a reason that ARTEX ELTs are the choice of more aircraft manufacturers than any other; they trust ARTEX to build the highest quality products knowing they are used to save lives.
click image to zoom
How the ARTEX ELT 3000 works
The ARTEX ELT 3000 can be activated manually (via cockpit remote switch) or automatically (the G-Switch senses a 2.3G or greater impact), and alerts the closest Search and Rescue agency of an emergency. The 406 MHz signal, containing the aircraft GPS coordinates, is transmitted to the Cospas-Sarsat satellites and relayed to the Mission Control Center where it is immediately routed to the nearest Search and Rescue agency. The beacon will provide first responders with the exact location to within 100 meters. Finally, the 121.5/243 MHz homing signals assist Search and Rescue ground forces with finding the location of the emergency.
Ease of Installation
The ARTEX ELT 3000 provides a quick-and-easy retrofit opportunity with flexible installation options such as a two or five-wire remote switch that does not require any aircraft power. Because it is a single output ELT, the ELT 3000 utilizes the same RF output and only one coax cable to transmit both 406 MHz and 121.5/243 MHz signals. The built-in navigation interface reduces the need to mount a secondary external interface, greatly reducing the cost of installation. There are two mounting trays available. One allows for the smallest footprint possible while the other matches legacy ARTEX B and C Series ELT installations, providing further reduction of engineering costs.
- The smallest 406 MHz ELT available and lightest transport-grade ELT with ARINC/GPS RS232 interface
- Automatic Fixed Emergency Locator Transmitter
- Tri-Frequency distress beacon, digital 406 MHz and analog 121.5/243 MHz homing signals
- Auto activation via internal G-switch
- Tri-band antenna with single connector and cable to transmitter
- Easy maintenance and installation
- Many cockpit remote switch options available
- Can be connected to onboard GPS via Integrated ARINC429 or RS232 interface
- GPS data is embedded in digital transmission reducing search radius down to 100 meters
- Worldwide Cospas-Sarsat coverage
- 6-year battery life (replaceable)
- Helicopter version with 5-axis G-Switch available
- Compatible with ARTEX 406Test.com Satellite Confirmation Testing System
- Meets both FAA and EASA requirements
|Antenna Options Available
||Rod Antenna (110-338 or 8603: part of kit 8223 and kit 8233); Blade Antenna (110-340 or 8601: part of kit 8224)|
||406.040 MHz (+/- 1 kHz), 121.5 & 243 MHz (+/- 5 kHz)|
||16K0G1D (406.040 MHz) / 3K20A3X (121.5 & 243 MHz)|
||Built-in GPS Navigational Interface (ARINC429 or RS 232)|
||406 MHz: 5W +/- 2 dB (520 ms/ 50 sec) for 24 hours @ -20C (-4F) to +55C (131F); 121.5/243.0 MHz: 100 mW min (+20 dBm) for 50 hours @ -20C (-4F) to +55C (131F)|
||BNC Female (406/243/121.5 MHz)|
||Automatic via Primary G-Switch by 4.5 feet per second (2.3 G) and Manual Activation Battery 6 year Lithium (LiMnO2), Replacement|
||Part No. 8315|
|Temperature Certified to:
||Operating: -20C to +55C, Storage: -55C to +85C|
||G-Switch Enabled, 406 MHz, 121.5 MHz, and 243 MHz Power, Antenna/Coax Connection, NAV system, Low Battery, and GNSS|
||ON/ARM/TEST (2 wire and 5 wire connectivity)|
||2.17 lbs (985 g)|
||5.5 (L) x 3.8 (H) x 3.4 (W)" (13.97 x 9.65 x 8.63 cm)|
||Standard tray (P/N 8316) includes universal mounting hole patterns which fit numerous existing ELT mounting configurations / Conversion tray (P/N 8318) provides a larger footprint to align the smaller ELT 3000 with the legacy B-Series and C-Series ELT installations.|
||Cospas-Sarsat, FAA TSO, EASA|| | aerospace |
http://start-flying.com/new%20site/the%20cockpit.htm | 2020-02-29T10:10:09 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875148850.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20200229083813-20200229113813-00116.warc.gz | 0.941983 | 296 | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__67779911 | en | first sight, the array of dials and switches in an aircraft cockpit can be
rather daunting. Unlike automobile drivers, pilots do not have the benefit
of direction signs affixed to the sky! As a result, aircraft carry with
them some sophisticated navigation equipment that will permit operations
even in thick cloud and at night. In addition, as there are no parking
areas in the sky, the engine is much better monitored than the average
car. Because an aircraft is travelling in three dimensions, additional
instruments are required for altitude, and rate of climb and descent.
Lastly, pilots need to communicate with airfields and air traffic control.
Usually, two radio sets are fitted, (in case of failure) and also a
transponder, which is an instrument that transmits to air traffic control
so that they can identify you and know your altitude.
aircraft do not carry always carry such equipment if daylight fine weather
operations are all that is required. Nowadays, aircraft panels are rather
standardised, so that it is relatively easy for a pilot to make the
transition from one aircraft type to another. Featured below is the panel
from a new Tiger light aircraft. It is a typical example of a modern
standard panel. Mouse over the arrows for explanations.
This is a drawing of a typical new aircraft panel. It is likely that your
initial trainer will not be quite so well equipped! | aerospace |
https://www.macon.com/news/local/article30243936.html | 2019-08-21T01:16:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315695.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20190821001802-20190821023802-00182.warc.gz | 0.956467 | 489 | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__15876532 | en | Macon-Bibb County commissioners on Tuesday moved a step closer to buying drones that would be used by public safety agencies.
The commission’s Economic and Community Development Committee agreed to a memorandum of understanding for a $5.7 million proposal that proponents say would make Macon a regional hub for emergency and natural disaster response. Commissioners will vote July 21.
The contract cannot be approved until details are finalized.
Representatives from Olaeris, a developer and manufacturer of unmanned aerial systems, and Haeco, a $2 billion aviation company, gave a presentation to county leaders Tuesday answering questions about the time frame of the project and safety concerns.
“We think it’s 21st century and perhaps even 22nd century technology that’s being deployed,” Mayor Robert Reichert said.
If the project is approved by the full commission, Macon-Bibb would have the first countywide unmanned aircraft system in the world, Olaeris CEO Ted Lindsley said Monday.
The drones are nearly ready to being manufactured, but it would likely take 16-24 months before the aircraft can be approved by the Federal Aviation Administration, including guidelines and safety requirements, Lindsley said.
Olaeris estimates that for every $1 spent on their drones, a government will save $6 to $8 of manpower.
Some commissioners said they were somewhat hesitant since it’s tough to predict the constraints of a future budget when it might be two years before the county is paying for drones.
The five-year contract would cost $96,000 a month.
“That’s the only thing that makes me nervous; at the end of two years we’re obligating a future commission to this expenditure,” Commissioner Elaine Lucas said. “I know (the system) will be beneficial.”
The drones, which would be the size of a king-size mattress and reach 100 mph, would be placed in locations where they could get anywhere in the county within 90 seconds to several minutes.
Sheriff David Davis said the unmanned aerial aircraft would help his department become more efficient.
They could be used on calls for burglaries, robberies, hostage situations and fires.
Information from Telegraph archives was used in this report. To contact writer Stanley Dunlap, call 744-4623. | aerospace |
https://nation.time.com/2011/10/24/f-22-raptors-grounded-again-due-to-thin-air/ | 2023-12-08T06:24:54 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100724.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208045320-20231208075320-00512.warc.gz | 0.957775 | 509 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__244171377 | en | It was only a month ago that the Air Force let its F-22 warplanes — the most costly fighters in world history — back into the skies after more than four months confined to the tarmac.
As we noted September 21:
The Air Force has decided to let its fleet of F-22 fighters back into the air beginning Wednesday without fixing the problem that led to their grounding in the first place. Concerns that Raptor pilots were passing out due to a lack of oxygen — there’s another reason for drones — led to the fleet-wide grounding May 3.
Well, as the kids say: It’s baaaaack. F-22 bases in Virginia and Alaska have grounded their $350 million F-22s in recent days, due to the same problem.
The latest grounding happened after a pilot aboard an F-22 flying out of Langley Air Force Base, Va., experienced symptoms common to a lack of oxygen. The F-22 unit at Elmendorf Air Force Base followed suit (Elmendorf was home to Capt. Jeff Haney, an F-22 pilot who died last November in a crash some believe was linked to a lack of oxygen).
The day before the Langley hypoxia scare, President Obama visited the base and spoke inside the 94th Fighter Squadron’s hanger. “We’ve got the 1st Fighter Wing, with our amazing F-22 Raptors,” he told a crowd of cheering airmen last Wednesday. “I want to ride in one of those someday.” Well, not just yet, Mr. President.
After the earlier grounding, Air Force engineers believed the plane’s oxygen-generating system was pumping more than oxygen into pilots’ lungs, but couldn’t prove it. So they added another filter to the system, which doesn’t seem to have worked. The two groundings affect about half of the 170-plane F-22 fleet; whether the service issues another fleet-wide grounding order is up in the air.
“Part of our protocol is to allow units to pause operations whenever they need to analyze information collected from flight operations to ensure safety,” the Air Force said in a statement following the latest grounding. Wonder if the pause will last another four months?
More importantly: imagine how it feels to be an F-22 pilot today, flying a war machine apparently unable to guarantee you sufficient oxygen to stay alive. | aerospace |
http://www.kmbc.com/news/18987538 | 2014-08-22T23:57:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500824970.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021344-00398-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.963761 | 134 | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-35__0__118708002 | en | Can you pass a Common Core 5th grade math test?
(November 19, 1969) Apollo 12 astronaut Charles "Pete" Conrad stands beside the United States flag after is was unfurled on the lunar surface during the first extravehicular activity (EVA-1), on November 19, 1969. Several footprints made by the crew can be seen in the photograph.
How well do you know your space history? Enjoy a collection of the Apollo mission from the NASA archives.
Three Israeli teens kidnapped in the West Bank in June and later found dead were abducted by Hamas militants who did not inform the group leadership about the kidnapping, a Hamas official said Friday. | aerospace |
https://www.br.freelancer.com/jobs/aircraft-performance/ | 2021-02-28T22:47:44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178361776.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20210228205741-20210228235741-00543.warc.gz | 0.939924 | 190 | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__59936966 | en | Aircraft performance is a measurement of how well the plane flies. Many factors affect how the plane flies: its weight, the atmospheric conditions, pressure, temperature, humidity, even the runway at takeoff. Aircraft performance will tell you the speeds the plane can hope to acheive in different conditions.Contratar Aircraft Performance Engineers
Hi. I want CIFER software for book "Aircraft and Rotorcraft System Identification: Engineering Methods with Flight-Test Examples, Second Edition". I got this book and tried download as link in last page of the book. But I failed , due to 404 error. I want a person that can help me by sending the CIFER software. Thanks.
Hi I want a skillful developer with experience of aircraft adaptive control. I have an algorithm and some data for that. [fazer login para ver a URL] After select one developer by chatting, I will let him know password. Thanks. | aerospace |
http://reason.com/24-7/2013/04/23/military-being-forced-to-keep-equipment | 2014-07-25T19:23:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1405997894473.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20140722025814-00116-ip-10-33-131-23.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.947365 | 122 | CC-MAIN-2014-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-23__0__184402460 | en | WASHINGTON – Parked around the airstrip at Lackland Air Force Base are more than a dozen massive C-5A Galaxy transport planes. There is no money to fly them, repair them or put pilots in the cockpits, but Congress rejected the Air Force's bid to retire them.
So every now and then, crews will tow the planes around the Texas tarmac a bit to make sure the tires don't rot, then send them back into exile until they can finally get permission to commit the aging aircraft to the boneyard.
Source: AP. Read full article. (link) | aerospace |
https://economyclassandbeyond.boardingarea.com/2019/11/29/airbus-delivers-its-first-a350-to-scandinavian-airlines/ | 2020-08-05T11:30:25 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439735939.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20200805094821-20200805124821-00223.warc.gz | 0.947309 | 355 | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-34__0__170967000 | en | Another day and another delivery for Airbus, as they deliver their first Airbus A350-900 aircraft to Scandinavian Airlines.
The first aircraft – Ingegerd Viking is the first of eight Airbus A350s that will join the fleet and target the replacement of existing Airbus A340-300 aircraft.
Whilst the A340 is still a good aircraft, fuel and maintenance costs of running engines of a frame, versus the cost that having an aircraft with two engines have come into play.
Scandinavian Airlines itself is a heavy Airbus customer, with 51 Airbus A320 family aircraft and 17 A330/A340 aircraft in its fleet). The airline also uses Boeing 737 NextGen aircraft in its short to mid-haul operations.
As well as the seven Airbus A350 aircraft to come, the airline has 54 Airbus A320neo (with A321LR frames included in that).
As for the Airbus A350, SAS will configure the type in a three-cabin configuration with 300 seats in total:
- 40 “SAS Business” Business class seats
32 “SAS Plus” Premium Economy seats
- 228 “SAS Go” Economy Class seats
The airline will start operating the type on long haul routes from the 28th January 2020, with Chicago O’Hare being the first destination of the type.
As the fleet grows, the SAS A350 fleet will spread its wings, with plans to operate the type to more North American destinations, as well as Asia.
Welcome to Economy Class and Beyond – Your no-nonsense guide to network news, honest reviews, with in-depth coverage, unique research as well as the humour and madness as I only know how to deliver. | aerospace |
https://bestlocalwebsitedesigner.online/healthy-cbd/cbd-dosage-s-right-dose-cbd-pain-relief-available-texas-limited-time-3Lg-R_Y7zW- | 2023-02-02T21:37:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500041.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20230202200542-20230202230542-00044.warc.gz | 0.923271 | 1,216 | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__42486894 | en | Traveling a leading airborne photography drone is the only method to record magnificent landscapes. Right here are the very best drones for airborne digital photography, each having 4k cameras, incredibly smooth stabilization, very first individual sight, smart flight modes, exceptional automated as well as manual video camera setups. These UAVs have the very best cams for drone digital photography and also all have an excellent range of lens filters.
Without doubt, they are the very best aerial photography drones on the market today. Along with having excellent cams, these photography drones have the very best safety and security functions as well as lots of intelligent trip settings to make airborne digital photography so extremely easy. This makes them the most effective drones for photographers. These are the most effective airborne photography drones from DJI, Yuneec, Walkera and also Autel.
DJI Mavic Pro. DJI Phantom 4 Pro. DJI Inspire 2. Yuneec Hurricane H.Walkera Voyager 5. Autel Evo. Below, we take a fast testimonial of each of these ideal drones for digital photographers, highlighting their finest attributes along with prices. These top airborne photography drones rates begin at around the USD $995 and also upwards.
They have every little thing you need to catch the very best airborne shots as well as film. If you are brand-new to airborne photography or wishes to take your aerial shooting and digital photography to the next level, after that the adhering to 2 short articles will certainly help you exceptionally. The new Mavic Mini is the latest top aerial photography drone by DJI.
The price is so reduced that the Mavic Mini needs to be the very best worth airborne photography drone on the marketplace. This Mavic Mini FlyCam drone was designed particularly with a weight of specifically 249 grams (8.78 ounces), which in many countries will certainly excuse it from trip laws. As an example, in the USA as well as Canada, you can fly the Mavic Mini as an enthusiast without the need to register this drone with the federal government.
In Japan, Unmanned Aircraft/ drone regulation begin with any kind of plane, rotorcraft, glider or aircraft over 200 grams. DJI called this new drone as the "Mavic Mini FlyCam" indicating a miniature flying electronic camera. Now, let's have a look at the Mavic Mini GPS, camera, autopilot settings and more. To discover out all regarding the tremendous functions of this latest quadcopter, after that review our complete Mavic Mini Flycam testimonial, which also includes some outstanding video clips.
Dual GPS & GLONASS satellite navigating. 249 grams (8.78 ounces) weight. Max rate of 29 miles per hour (46.8 km/h) flying in Sports mode. Wind speed resistance of 17.9 mph (28.8 km/h). Max video transmission range is 2.48 mile (4 kilometres). New C-Mode (Cinesmooth) trip mode. 4 fast shot autopilot modes (Rocket, Dronie, Circle Helix). Premium cam.
This newest mini quadcopter just released in October 2019 is really cost effective. You can discover the most recent Mavic Mini costs, in addition to the very best Mavic Mini Combo bundle readily available now on the below web links. The Mavic Mini FlyCam has the complying with independent quick shots trip settings, that make recording fantastic airborne images very easy.
Ascend with the cam pointing downward. Fly backward as well as upward, with the cam secured on your subject. The Mavic Mini circle the subject. Fly upward, spiraling around your topic. The Mavic Mini video camera utilizes the most up to date 3 axis gimbal as well as electronic camera innovation to ensure smooth, very steady video footage. The filming output is definitely magnificent for such a little and also light weight drone.
Quad HD (QHD) is the resolution is around since 2015. It gets its name from being four times sharper than 720p HD.The Mavic Mini has the new C-Mode (Cinesmooth) innovation for extremely smooth flying, which is excellent when filming. Sensing unit: 1/2.3 CMOSPixels: 12 millionLens FOV: 83Aperture: f/2.8 Digital Shutter Rate: 1/8000sStill Picture Dimension: 4:3 (4000 3000) Still Photo Dimension: 16:9 (4000 x 2250) Max Video Clip Bit Price: 40 MbpsPhoto Layout: JPEGVideo Format: MP4 (H. 264/MPEG -4 AVC) Video: 100 3200Photo: 100 1600 (automobile) Picture: 100 3200 (handbook) Single shotInterval JPEG: 2/3/5/ 7/10/15/ 20/30/60s2.7 k: 2720 1530 at/ 25/30pFHD: 1920 1080 at 25/30/50/ 60pThe Mavic 2 Pro and also Mavic 2 Zoom versions remain in the running for the really finest drone for photographers.
The Mavic 2 is quicker, quieter and can fly further. Barrier picking up is currently on all 6 sides with front as well as back crash avoidance modern technology, permitting the Mavic 2 to fly about obstacles. The only distinction in between the Mavic 2 Pro and the Mavic 2 Zoom is the electronic camera. So I have separated the spec on these airborne cameras listed below.
To locate out more on these new DJI quadcopters just launched, after that review our full Mavic 2 evaluation, which also includes some great videos. The Mavic 2 Pro and Mavic 2 Zoom have the complying with self-governing Intelligent Flight Settings which make recording terrific airborne pictures so really simple; ActiveTrack 2.0. Hyperlapse. QuickShots. | aerospace |
http://georgejmyersjr.blogspot.com/2012/06/scientists-plan-bake-sale-to-save-cash.html | 2018-07-20T22:08:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676591837.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20180720213434-20180720233434-00473.warc.gz | 0.956434 | 181 | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__110397760 | en | Do think the government should continue to fund space exploration? - MSN now
Newspeak "Do think..." I thinks it should as a member of the Planetary Society, which consists of many members from many nations on planet Earth. In the spirit of cooperation the US government could continue to fund space exploration that has kept the interests of the many citizens of the planet excited about the Universe around us along with the research of other nations now also in space. I think(s) "Was it Sir Arthur C. Clarke who warned of a new "Tower of Babel" of communications satellites that just reinforce individual (ethnic) cultures and language without international cooperation?" Though the sir is dropped in New Zealand, they launch near space sounding rockets and make available research payloads to any and all. The spirit of internationalism aboard Captain Husband's ill-fated Columbia space shuttle should not be abandoned or forgotten. | aerospace |
https://landform.net/commercial-of-a-structure-repair/ | 2023-03-25T05:16:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945315.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20230325033306-20230325063306-00776.warc.gz | 0.951595 | 174 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__150995377 | en | Commercial Of A Structure Repair
For this project in Duluth, Minnesota, Landform’s team of drone operators, civil engineers, planners, land surveyors, and development management services focused the project around two primary drivers: the cost & timing of the project and the safety of our team as they worked next to a major road and intersection.
Our FAA Part 107 certified Drone Operations Team was integral to the project’s success and its timing. They were able to fly the site to capture high-resolution topographic images – allowing our designers and engineers to examine the data more accurately and create 3D models of what needed to be done.
Learn more about how our FAA Part 107 certified drone operations team can make your next project a success from Site to Finish® at https://www.landform.net/services/aerial-operations/. | aerospace |
https://www.intuitivemachines.com/post/northrop-grumman-announces-team-for-nasa-s-next-generation-lunar-terrain-vehicle | 2024-04-25T08:05:21 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712297290384.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20240425063334-20240425093334-00787.warc.gz | 0.890659 | 613 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__86862518 | en | via Northrop Grumman
DULLES, Va. – Nov. 16, 2021 – Northrop Grumman Corporation (NYSE: NOC), is teaming up with AVL, Intuitive Machines, Lunar Outpost, and Michelin to design a Lunar Terrain Vehicle (LTV) to transport NASA’s Artemis astronauts around the lunar surface. This team provides multi-disciplinary expertise that is ready to deliver an innovative solution to NASA for lunar surface mobility.
“Together with our teammates, we will provide NASA with an agile and affordable vehicle design to greatly enhance human and robotic exploration of the lunar surface to further enable a sustainable human presence on the Moon and, ultimately, Mars,” said Steve Krein, vice president, civil and commercial space, tactical space systems division, Northrop Grumman.
As prime, Northrop Grumman will lead systems integration, bridging its own flight-proven experience with spacecraft design to include cargo storage, energy management, avionics, navigation, sensors, controls, mission planning, operations and training, with the following teammate capabilities:
AVL, an industry-leader for the development, simulation, and testing of vehicle systems, will bring its expertise in the advancement of battery electric vehicles, autonomous driving, and propulsion solutions to make lunar surface mobility a reality.
Intuitive Machines will build on its capability developed through NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative to meet NASA and commercial demand for larger lunar surface payload delivery. Their Nova-D spacecraft utilizes four liquid methane/oxygen engines from the mature Nova-C program for precision landing on the Moon.
Lunar Outpost, a leader in lunar mobility platforms, will leverage its expertise in rapid innovation, dust mitigation and thermal technologies from the development of its MAPP rover to help deliver a robust, cutting-edge LTV solution.
Michelin will leverage the experience gained from previous collaborations with NASA to build lunar rovers, its expertise in high-tech materials, and the know-how acquired in the development of airless solutions for extreme applications to design an airless tire solution for the LTV.
In addition to the proven expertise brought by the teammates, Northrop Grumman has engaged Apollo astronauts Dr. Harrison (Jack) Schmidt and Charles Duke, to incorporate their hands-on experiences into the design for the LTV–allowing the team to optimize the vehicle for the needs of NASA researchers and Artemis astronauts.
Watch the video introducing the Lunar Terrain Vehicle Team here.
To learn more about Northrop Grumman’s Lunar Terrain Vehicle and the contributions from each partner, click here.
Northrop Grumman is a technology company, focused on global security and human discovery. Our pioneering solutions equip our customers with capabilities they need to connect, advance and protect the U.S. and its allies. Driven by a shared purpose to solve our customers’ toughest problems, our 90,000 employees define possible every day. | aerospace |
http://bugs.kerbalspaceprogram.com/users/377 | 2017-03-23T22:14:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218187225.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212947-00049-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.86087 | 255 | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-13__0__155565321 | en | - Email: email@example.com
- Registered on: 07/02/2013
- Last connection: 01/11/2014
- 05:53 AM Kerbal Space Program Bug #831: Can't create maneuver node after encounter
- Also would like to add this is still present in 0.23, TruePikachu is describing the same problem I did in the OP.
- 08:32 AM Kerbal Space Program Bug #831: Can't create maneuver node after encounter
- No, this isn't because there are two nodes, after an encounter is set and no nodes are present a new one can't be cre...
- 05:35 PM Kerbal Space Program Bug #771: Fuel Transfer Causes Spacecraft Instability/Breakup
- This happened to me last week. Docked something off angle (the two ships weren't facing the same way) and it was fine...
- 05:28 PM Kerbal Space Program Bug #831 (Closed): Can't create maneuver node after encounter
- Sometimes after getting an encounter, I cannot create a maneuver node in an area that's close to the post-encounter o...
Also available in: Atom | aerospace |
http://norwalkreflector.com/Government/2017/08/30/Portman-visits-Sandusky-as-part-of-national-defense-tour.html | 2019-09-17T11:29:15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573070.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20190917101137-20190917123137-00311.warc.gz | 0.951368 | 471 | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-39__0__90735308 | en | Portman, who fought successfully to secure full funding for the NASA Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, last visited the Plum Brook Station in July of 2016. This was his fifth visit on his five-day military facility tour.
“Plum Brook houses world-class test facilities here in Sandusky, where they conduct critical and innovative ground tests for the international space community,” Portman said. “Glenn Research Center and Plum Brook Station have an economic impact of more than $1.1 billion in Northeast Ohio, and the work they are doing is crucial to NASA’s larger mission. Plum Brook provides the most advanced testing in the world for future space exploration and partners with the European Space Agency to develop rockets for long range space exploration.
“I will continue to fight, as I have successfully in the past, to ensure these vital programs receive the full funding they need to carry out their mission,” Portman added.
Portman sent a letter last year to the Senate appropriations committee in support of full funding for the NASA Glenn Research Center in Fiscal Year 2017. This request for full funding followed concerns that funding for Glenn would be jeopardized in futures budgets.
The year before, when Glenn Research Center was facing cuts that would have potentially eliminated their Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) program, Portman fought to increase the overall Space Tech budget and decrease the set aside for the Satellite Servicing program at NASA Goddard in Maryland, resulting in an increase in overall funds available to NASA Glenn, securing the SEP program.
Portman’s effort to secure full funding for NASA Glenn in Cleveland was successful, as Congress appropriated full funding in the FY 2017 bipartisan funding agreement in April.
Portman said he is a supporter and advocate for Ohio’s military facilities and research institutions. These assets provide significant jobs and economic impact across Ohio and directly influence the national security of our country. Forty-three of Ohio’s 88 counties are impacted by these facilities. Ohio Defense spending accounted for more than 66,000 direct jobs, more than $4 billion in salaries, and more than a $14 billion economic impact.
This visit is part of Portman’s national defense tour across Ohio, where he will cover more than 1,400 miles, visiting 13 counties in five days. | aerospace |
http://newsbitsng.com/social-media-attack-arik-management-clears-air-restates-safe-operations/ | 2022-12-07T00:52:26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711121.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20221206225143-20221207015143-00230.warc.gz | 0.975352 | 638 | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__139451939 | en | In a strong statement issued on Sunday and signed by Captain Roy Ilegbodu, the Chief Executive Officer of Arik Air (in-receivership), the airline has rubbished the news making rounds on social media regarding one of its numerous operations that recorded an incident, which the captain of the aircraft took the best decision in the interest of the passengers and aviation industry as a whole.
One R. Isenalumhe, a lawyer who claimed to be on board of the aircraft that had the incident started the attack on Arik on social media, which were misleading. To put the records straight and correct the impression in public space, the Management of Arik was short of calling the lawyer an alarmist in their statement that have cleared the air.
The statement reads, “Our attention has been drawn to stories published on the social media claiming that Arik Air operations are unsafe following an incident last week.
“The incident referred to by the author of the article occurred in Abuja on the 8th of March 2021. For the records, the actions taken by the crew of the flight were strictly precautionary as the Pilot-in-Command of the aircraft took the necessary safety measures by returning the aircraft to land as they have been well trained to do in line with standard practice, after observing a cautionary indication light in the cockpit. Our aircraft are modern, next generation aircraft equipped with redundancies and annunciators that enhance safe operations in all stages of flight.
“Arik Air in line with standard practice and being a responsible corporate organization notified the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA), who subsequently checked, certified and returned to service the aircraft after all mandatory reports and processes had been fulfilled in accordance with global safety standards.
“It is unfortunate that one R. Isenalumhe, a trained lawyer who raised the alarm displayed an unprofessional approach to this issue as he is not an expert to declare an aircraft unsafe. We had expected him to go the extra mile to investigate and ask probing questions from professionals in the industry or refer the incident to the appropriate regulatory body, the NCAA, if he felt so concerned about air safety. We wonder what his motive may be and Arik reserves the right to take action on this libelous and unprofessional conduct.
“Arik Air as an organization goes over and above safety standards in all facets of our operations. This is clearly evident in our over 14 years of operating as an airline. Safety is our cardinal policy and we will never operate an aircraft that is unsafe. We seize this opportunity to assure our esteemed customers of our unflinching commitment to safety which can never be compromised.
“Arik has not made any repayments to the Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON) on its pre-receivership debt as claimed by Mr. Isenalumhe. Neither has AMCON put any undue pressure on Arik for repayments at the detriment of operation. Instead, AMCON had provided funds and all forms of support to assist the airline in its operations,” Captain Ilegbodu stated in the statement. | aerospace |
http://www.slopeaerobatics.com/2012/03/16/new-twincam-elliptical-madstab-pulleys/ | 2018-01-23T06:20:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084891750.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20180123052242-20180123072242-00067.warc.gz | 0.913267 | 285 | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__255231742 | en | Now this is exciting! Vincent “Prop-er” of RCPlans.nl has come up with a really innovative solution to the biggest problem facing the increasingly popular “Madstab” 180° rotation full flying elevator: resolution.
The typical Madstab uses a pushrod, pull-pull or pulley arrangement to translate 60° of servo movement into 180°+ of elevator travel. This “crazy” amount of elevator travel is absolutely mandatory for us to be able to successfully pull off tight Madflight flips in the style of Benoit Paysant-Le Roux.
The problem is that we give up a significant amount of elevator resolution for normal flight because of the mechanics of the system. It is a double edged sword and even though dual rates and exponential can help tame it, you still wind up with a fairly imprecise elevator response, making the planes very pitchy in normal flight and harder to fly smoothly.
Hopefully Vincent’s solution, incoporating elliptical pulleys, is the answer to our needs! Based on what I’m seeing above, we should be able to get the majority of exponential required from the mechanical arrangement of the pulleys. This will allow a significantly increased amount of elevator precision around “center stick”, where the vast majority of flying is done, while still giving us a huge rotation when desired. | aerospace |
https://exbsolutions.com/tom-venable-joins-exb-solutions-as-vp-of-sales-marketing/ | 2020-09-30T21:01:57 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600402128649.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20200930204041-20200930234041-00323.warc.gz | 0.936023 | 380 | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__74233985 | en | MINNEAPOLIS, MN— (April 2, 2019): EXB Solutions is proud to announce the hire of Tom Venable, joining the company as Vice President of Sales and Marketing. A highly accomplished senior executive, eCommerce pioneer, thought leader, and serial entrepreneur, Venable has more than 30 years of success within the software and information technology (IT) industry.
“We are thrilled to have Tom and his breadth of experience on our team at EXB Solutions,” commented Chris Schwartzbauer, CEO. “His proven leadership in building and driving revenue teams in complex sales situations will help EXB position itself for growth and sustainability into the next decade.”
As a business professional proficient in organizational leadership, executive management, sales leadership, and market disruption, Venable brings decades of experience from companies that serve businesses all around the globe. An industry pioneer, Venable is responsible for helping to drive the adoption of electronic mail systems in the 1990s and eCommerce systems in the 2000s.
“It’s an honor to join EXB Solutions,” shared Tom Venable, VP of Sales & Marketing. “I’m committed to furthering EXB Solutions’ mark on the industry in aerospace, medical technology and wherever else possible.”
ABOUT EXB SOLUTIONS INC.
EXB Solutions Inc. partners with Fortune 100 clients to build powerful technology for safety and mission-critical applications in the aerospace and medical device industries. Headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the service-disabled veteran-owned small business has developed systems engineering and embedded software solutions for over 19+ years. Our software solutions have helped fly successful space missions, enhanced patients’ lives through innovative, leading-edge medical devices, and advanced commercial, defense and aerospace systems. Learn more at www.exbsolutions.com. | aerospace |
https://tinggly.com/experience/grandy-tandem-hang-gliding-2000-outer-banks/141918P4 | 2024-04-25T02:18:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296820065.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20240425000826-20240425030826-00186.warc.gz | 0.939115 | 311 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__31431463 | en | Grandy Tandem Hang Gliding
Your first time flying in a Hang Glider should definitely be near where the Wright Brother's learned to fly.
When giving as a gift, your recipient can choose a date at their convenience during a booking process. Otherwise, you can choose one after checkout and voucher redemption.
- Helmet & Harness
We fly one student per flight with an USHPA certified Tandem Hang Gliding Instructor. Students will fly in the order that they check in according to their appointment. We will usually fly 3-6 students per hour depending on conditions and how many people are signed up.
During your Tandem Hang Gliding Experience, you will fly tandem in a trapeze harness (lying on your belly), and the instructor will fly in the bottom harness. We pull the hang glider on wheels (landing gear) behind a slow flying aircraft up to 2000' feet. Once at 2000' feet your instructor will release the tow cable from the aircraft, and you and your instructor will glide freely back to the ground where you'll land where you took off on wheels. Enjoy the views, feel the wind, and you'll also get a chance to feel the controls of the hang glider. This is the closest thing to knowing what it feels like to fly like a bird!
If it’s canceled due to poor weather, you’ll be offered a different date or a full refund. | aerospace |
http://issfanclub.com/archive?page=2710 | 2015-06-03T23:31:10 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1433195037030.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20150601214357-00010-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.867388 | 205 | CC-MAIN-2015-22 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-22__0__143066060 | en | April 20th, 2003
Shuttle program manager Ron Dittemore plans to return to work in private industry, the Times quoted officials at the Johnson Space Center in Houston Texas as saying.
Full Story At: SpaceDaily.Com
The ARRL Letter from The American Radio Relay League reports that International Space Station Expedition 6 Crew Commander Ken Bowersox, KD5JBP, deftly managed 30 questions put to him this week during a 10-minute Amateur Radio contact with 15 New Jersey students.
From: SpaceWeather.com [mailto:email@example.com]
Sent: Saturday, April 19, 2003 8:28 PM
Subject: Lyrid Meteor Shower, ISS Moon-transit Movie
Space Weather News for April 20, 2003
Packet operations aboard the ISS have been nonoperational since well before the Columbia loss. The inability of the current crew or NASA to engineer a fix may be symptomatic of larger problems within the agency. | aerospace |
http://www.bi-me.com/main.php?id=14939&t=1&c=33&cg=4 | 2017-04-24T09:25:02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119225.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00027-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.93915 | 529 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__45816197 | en | UAE. Europe Aviation and Fujairah International Airport, Department of Civil Aviation , announced today the signing of an MoU for the setting up of an aircraft maintenance facility in Fujairah International Airport.
Gregoire Lebigot, CEO of Europe Aviation said: "We are very proud to have been given this opportunity of entering into a long-term, and mutually beneficial, relationship with Fujairah International Airport, Department of Civil Aviation, by setting up of aircraft maintenance facilities."
"Given the prospective growth plan of Europe Aviation over the coming years, we look forward to doing more business with in Fujairah International Airport."
Dr Khaled Almazroui, General Manager of Fujairah International Airport, said: "Fujairah International Airport is committed to supporting Europe Aviation growth plans, as Gregoire Lebigot and his team are building an efficient business based on delivering exceptional value and reliable customer service. We're very happy to be a part of the dynamic growth in the GCC aircraft maintenance sector and we view this important event as one of many projects that Fujairah International Airport is looking to attract.
"Moreover, such a project will create many jobs especially to the young citizen of the United Arab Emirates."
Dr Almazroui said he belives that the "airport is achieving its marketing strategy of bringing airlines and other aviation companies to start their operations at the airport due to unique and modern facilities as well as the competitive rates compare to other airports in the region." Europe Aviation vision is to be recognised as the most reliable and efficient in the region. The company now offers a unique portfolio of service of aircraft maintenance in Europe, especially in France and has same facilities in other part of the world. And it has plans to expand and offer other related services to the aviation industry.
Fujairah International Airport is the only airport on the East coast of the United Arab Emirates, reflecting the Emirate's growing importance as a center for aviation, commerce and tourism.
Equipped with all that is best in modern aviation and air-cargo handling technology, the airport ensures quicker turnaround for airlines and optimum comfort for passengers. Strategically located, Fujairah International Airport is an ideal trading and transit point in the booming sea-air cargo business between East and West, with the Emirate's modern seaport in close proximity.
With an Open-Skies Policy, highly competitive handling and fuelling rates, no-fuss customs and immigration, and more personalised and efficient service, Fujairah International Airport is adding new dimensions to the UAE's aviation scene. | aerospace |
https://cms.megaphone.fm/channel/AOPA4032384286 | 2023-02-04T19:08:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500151.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20230204173912-20230204203912-00008.warc.gz | 0.89066 | 5,962 | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__291779605 | en | Episode 167: Aircraft technician, pilot Chelsea...
Learn about aircraft maintenance technician and pilot Chelsea Smith’s passion for working on airplanes and logging hours with Cessna 172 flying partner Josh Flowers of Aviation 101.
Episode 166: Meet Fly with Bruno
Meet New York-based pilot Bruno Brasileiro and hear how he shares his flying adventures in a Grumman AA5A Cheetah on social media as Fly_With_Bruno while enjoying general aviation.
Episode 165: Pipistrel takeover, G100UL top 202...
Textron’s takeover of Pipistrel for electric technology and the approval of GAMI’s G100LL fuel top the general aviation stories in 2022; plus a few predictions for 2023.
Episode 164: Former Air Force Chief Steward How...
Episode 163: Aviation fuels expert Paul Millner
Are you confused about the future of unleaded aviation fuel? You’re not alone. This episode we speak to Paul Millner, a fuels expert and independent consultant in the ongoing move away from avgas. Plus GAMA delivery numbers and crazy pilot trick
Episode 162: Jumpers Away founder Ed Scott
Jumpers Away parachute jump pilot school founder, instrument rated commercial pilot, and skydiver Ed Scott tells us what it takes to safely fly skydivers to altitude, quickly descend in the drop zone, and pick up the next load. Plus catch up on the latest general aviation news.
Episode 161: Aviation 101 founder Josh Flowers
Aviation 101 founder and CFI Josh Flowers shares candid advice and coaching through his YouTube channel to help aviators become better pilots; plus catch up on the latest general aviation news.
Episode 160: Teen earthrounder Mack Rutherford
Hear how teen Mack Rutherford, 17, flew around the world solo in a small piston aircraft, following in the footsteps of his older sister Zara; plus stick around for the latest aviation news.
Episode 159: Beverly Hills Aerials
Find out what it takes for drone operators to produce stunning aerial material for live TV, motion pictures, commercials, and social media; plus stick around for the latest general aviation news.
Episode 158: Praising the Turbine Otter
Find out why the powerful high-wing de Havilland Turbine Otter is a favorite among Alaskan glacier and backcountry pilots, plus stick around for the latest general aviation news.
Episode 157: Team USA aerobatic soaring competi...
World Glider Aerobatics Championship competitor Shad Coulson, who traveled from Arizona to France in August for Team USA, talks about glider competitions, aerobatics, and how soaring in an unpowered aircraft can help make you a better pilot. Plus, stick around for the news.
Episode 156: STOL Competitor Hal Stockman
Ever wondered what it takes to fly in STOL and STOL Drag competitions? Hal Stockman shares the secrets to the techniques and airplane modifications he makes for each event to his Rans S-7S. Plus, the latest headlines from the world of general aviation.
Episode 155: Flight simulation instructor John ...
Meet SimCom Aviation Training turbine transition instructor John Martin, a masterful teacher with real-world experience who enjoys mentoring others. Plus, stick around for the latest aviation news.
Episode 154: Oshkosh AirVenture special 2022
EAA AirVenture 2022 at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, is in the books, but not before David and Ian give their hot takes on why the RV-15 will be a big seller, the pregnant airplane, and why we'll need patience to replace avgas.
Episode 153: New Orleans Cessna 172 pilot Geral...
New Orleans-based Cessna 172 pilot Gerald Herbert shares his passion for flying, Creole cuisine, and documenting southern Louisiana scenery from the air. Plus, get the latest news and find out what to expect during EAA AirVenture.
Episode 152: Mooney Caravan leader Chuck Crinnian
Mooney Caravan President Chuck "Cowboy" Crinnian explains how 50 single-engine airplane pilots gain proficiency before staging in Madison, Wisconsin, in elements of three for a mass arrival to EAA AirVenture and Wittman Regional Airport.
Episode 151: GAMI's George Braly on G100UL avia...
GAMI founder and engineer George Braly updates us on G100UL unleaded aviation fuel and explains the history of how it was developed. Plus, stick around for the news.
Episode 150: ‘Top Gun: Maverick’ lead pilot Kev...
“Top Gun: Maverick,” lead pilot and aerial coordinator Kevin LaRosa II prepared actors for the realism they bring to the big screen with an aviation curriculum designed by pilot Tom Cruise that included left-seat time in a Cessna 172 and aerobatic flights in an Extra 300. Plus, stick around for the latest aviation news.
Episode 149: Gyrocopter gurus explain Katas of ...
Frank and Niklas Nierhoff explain their step-by-step approach to gyrocopter flying using a training regimen concept similar to martial arts Katas for better understanding. Plus, get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 148: WASP advocate Erin Miller
As Women Airforce Service Pilots celebrate the eightieth reunion of the pioneering World War II aviators, WASP advocate Erin Miller guides us through the process that allowed burial at Arlington National Cemetery. Plus, get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 147: David Moser of Cirrus on pilot tra...
Cirrus Aircraft fleet sales specialist David Moser talks about pilot training, the aviation market, supply chain challenges, how to grow the pilot community, and much more. Plus, get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 146: Retiring AOPA Editor-in-Chief Tom ...
AOPA Editor-in-Chief Tom Haines reveals some of his favorite assignments, and one that he would rather forget, during a wide-ranging interview upon his retirement.
Episode 145: Latina corporate pilot Jessika Her...
Latina corporate pilot Jessika Hernandez describes her life as a corporate pilot and talks about opportunities to help diversify the pilot population. Plus, get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 144: Pulitzer-winning author, pilot Bev...
Pulitzer prize-winning author and instrument-rated private pilot Beverly Weintraub talks about the trailblazing U.S. Navy female pilots profiled in her book, Wings of Gold. Plus, get caught up on the latest general aviation news.
Episode 143: In the Pattern named best flight s...
In the Pattern, cofounded by Texans Darren and Sherman Gardner, was named the best flight school during the AOPA Flight Training Experience awards. The brothers explain how their passion for aviation is helping others succeed.
Episode 142: Best CFI Ambyr Peterson
Career-changer and CFI Ambyr Peterson of Minnesota was named the best flight instructor during the AOPA Flight Training Experience awards and explains why she enjoys encouraging others to fulfill their dreams. Plus, get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Aviation writer and 14,000-hour pilot Martha Lunken describes how she re-earned her private pilot certificate after an FAA enforcement action grounded her for flying under an Ohio bridge. Plus, get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 140: SpaceX commander Jared Isaacman
SpaceX commander, general aviation pilot, airshow performer, and philanthropist Jared Isaacman describes a three-day journey into space with the Inspiration4 crew. Plus, get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 139: Future of avgas tops 2021 GA news ...
The future of avgas, a successful AirVenture, a wayward aviator, skyrocketing aircraft values, and insurance woes top the general aviation news stories with the most impact in 2021.
Episode 138: Steven Carlson plans small biz 48-...
Helicopter and Steven Carlson is planning an 8,300-mile helicopter tour through 48 states to support general aviation awareness and post-coronavirus pandemic economic recovery. Plus, get caught up on the latest GA news.
Episode 137: Corporate pilot Kim Kissh
Chicago-based corporate pilot and 2020 NBAA “Top 40 Under 40” award winner Kim Kissh advocates for the next generation of aviators, hosts a scholarship tips series on LinkedIn, and is pursuing a passion for aerobatics. Plus, get caught up on the...
General aviation pilot and aircraft owner Reyné O'Shaughnessy is a former airline captain who advocates for aviation wellbeing, awareness, and safety. Plus, get caught up on the latest GA news.
Episode 135: Earthrounding hopeful Zara Rutherford
Pilot Zara Rutherford, 19, talks mid-trip about her around-the-world attempt in a Shark Aero ultralight, promotes STEM-related careers, and encourages young women to pursue their dreams. Plus, get caught up on the latest general aviation news.
Episode 134: Autogyro pilot, serial adventurer ...
Autogyro pilot and serial adventurer James Ketchell explains the preparation, the funding, and the execution of an around-the-world flight in a two-place Magni M16; plus get caught up on the latest general aviation news.
Episode 133: 'Latinas in Aviation' author and p...
Latinas in Aviation author and light sport pilot Jacqueline Ruiz introduced 15 Hispanic female pioneers who shared their aviation stories of courage and determination during the inaugural Latinas in Aviation Global Festival in College Park, Maryland....
Bearhawk Aircraft’s Mark Goldberg explains how the line of rugged kit-built short-takeoff-and-landing taildraggers with aluminum wings offer good performance and value; plus get caught up on the latest general aviation news.
Episode 131: Remembering United Flight 93 First...
Learn how the downing of on 9/11 turned tragedy into triumph with scholarships honoring first officer LeRoy Homer Jr., plus get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 130: NFlightCam founder Patrick Carter
NFlightCam founder, engineer, and pilot Patrick Carter offers action camera mount solutions, tips, and tricks; plus get caught up on the latest aviation news. Please take a short survey to tell us how we’re doing and what you’d like to hear on the...
Episode 129: AeroShell pilot Jimmy Fordham, Air...
Ride along with AeroShell Aerobatic Team slot pilot Jimmy Fordham; plus get a wrap-up up of the top AirVenture news stories including GAMI’s go-ahead for unleaded fuel, FAA’s Dickson on LODA as a ‘four-letter word,’ and why EAA’s Pelton dubs...
Episode 128: AirVenture special and XPrize cofo...
Find out the latest from EAA AirVenture after thousands of pilots and aviation enthusiasts flocked to Oshkosh, Wisconsin; and learn more about the XPrize from cofounder Gregg Maryniak.
Episode 127: Teen pilot Travis Ludlow circles t...
Learn how Travis Ludlow, 18, recently completed a Guinness World Record flight as the youngest pilot to fly solo around the world; and get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Student pilot, aviation maintenance apprentice, and scholarship recipient Meagan Huerta sold her motorcycle to pay for flight lessons and markets original artwork to continue funding her flying bug.
Episode 125: Pilots to the Rescue founder Micha...
Find out what it’s like flying 13 cats and a dog to their new home during an in-flight chat with Pilots to the Rescue founder Michael Schneider; and get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 124: New York aerial photographer Paul ...
Learn how New Yorker relies on general aviation helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft for aerial photography missions that help make his beloved Manhattan skyline shine; and get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 123: Young Pilots USA founder Luc Zipkin
Find out how Young Pilots USA founder Luc Zipkin, 16, plans to fly a Piper Cub across the country from Connecticut to California to increase aviation awareness for youth, plus get up to speed on the latest aviation news.
Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Aeronautics Curator Dorothy Cochrane provides insight about the popular museum’s new general aviation exhibit, plus get caught up on the latest aviation news.
Episode 121: Apache helicopter pilot Jason Hedrick
Former Boeing AH-64 Apache helicopter pilot and University of Georgia Aviation Club member Jason Hedrick talks about the transition from military helicopter pilot to fixed wing GA pilot and how to share flying with other aviators. Plus, hear the top...
Episode 120: Mentor pilot Neil Singer
Nearly every pilot dreams of flying his or her own jet. Accomplished mentor pilot Neil Singer gets to guide those who fulfill that dream. This episode Singer talks about what it takes to fly these incredible aircraft. Plus, hear the top news of the week.
Episode 119: Airline captain Jenny Beatty on ge...
Airline captain Jenny Beatty has researched gender bias in the aviation community and shares ideas about diversity and inclusivity that could help grow the aviation industry.
Episode 118: Pilot, explorer Victor Vescovo con...
The discipline he learned as a pilot led adventurer, explorer, investor, and retired military intelligence officer to conquer both poles plus the top and bottom of the world.
Episode 117: Musician, pilot, and TV personalit...
Nick Hoffman, a Minnesotan who grew up in and around aviation, explains how he became a Nashville country musician, a pilot, and the host of the adventure TV show, Nick’s Wild Ride.
Episode 116: Cargo pilot and country musician B...
Freight-hauling pilot and Nashville recording artist talks about cargo aviation careers, making music, and following your dreams.
Episode 115: Alaska pilot Katie Writer explores...
Talkeetna, Alaska-based aviator, artist, and 'AOPA Pilot' magazine contributor explores how general aviation pilots can play a role for scientists studying environmental and weather changes.
Episode 114: Pilot Madison Seymour shares succe...
Michigan high school senior, private pilot, and AOPA scholarship recipient Madison 'Maddy' Seymour shares tips that can make scholarship, college, and job applications shine.
Episode 113: Aviation stories with the most imp...
Join a special year-end discussion on the top aviation news stories of 2020 and predictions about what could affect pilots in 2021 and beyond.
Episode 112: iFlightPlanner founder Andy Matthews
Get to know former PGA tour competitor Andy Matthews, the brawn and the brains behind the iFlightPlanner for AOPA and learn what the flight planning software can do for you.
Flight Time: Jamie Patterson-Simes
Running a flight school is hard work. Doing it in Alaska is even harder. Doing it as a woman in Alaska? That’s practically unheard of. But Jamie Patterson-Simes isn’t just running a school in Alaska, she’s crushing it. Patterson-Simes is the...
Episode 111: 'Good Cheer’ pilot Dean Greenblatt
Dean Greenblatt is a leader of Operation Good Cheer, an organization that uses general aviation aircraft to deliver tens of thousands of presents to children in the Michigan foster care system every year.
Learn how aviation can lead to a variety of career opportunities during a candid conversation with President Matt Johnston and Executive Director Abbey Hutter.
Episode 109: Polar circumnavigator Robert DeLau...
Citizen of the World pilot Robert DeLaurentis shares the lessons he learned, the people he met, and the experiments he performed during a polar circumnavigation in a Gulfstream Twin Commander 900.
Flight Time: John Zimmerman
Sporty's Pilot Shop's John Zimmerman is at the forefront of aviation technology and products, and he has his pulse on the market. Hangar Talk sat down with Zimmerman to talk about Sporty’s, the best products on the horizon, and what Zimmerman wishes...
Episode 108: Aviation spin doctor Catherine Cav...
Mathematician, aerobatics instructor, and spin specialist Catherine Cavagnaro of Ace Aerobatic School talks about mentorship, spin awareness, wing vortices, performance charts, and more.
Episode 107: Aviation career specialist Louis S...
Future and Active Pilot Advisors founder and career coach Louis Smith has ridden the aviation industry's ups and downs and he advises career pilots to weather the storm and prepare for new flying opportunities when they become available.
Flight Time: Max Trescott
Max Trescott is a highly accomplished flight instructor and author. As a previous FAA Flight Instructor of the Year, Trescott has shaped countless pilots through his work as a Cirrus Standardized Instructor Pilot in the SR20, SR22, and SF50 Vision...
Episode 106: Reno air race pilot Dennis Sanders
Reno air race unlimited class champion Dennis Sanders describes how he flew the Hawker Sea Fury ‘Dreadnought’ to victory at an average speed of 403.274 mph during the 2019 Stihl National Championship Air Races.
Episode 105: Hollywood stunt pilot Corkey Fornof
If you’ve viewed a film featuring aviation scenes, then you’ve most likely witnessed Hollywood pilot J.W. “Corkey” Fornof performing flying stunts on camera.
Flight Time: Zoan Harclerode
What makes a great instructor? We ask the winner of AOPA's Best Flight Instructor of the Year, Zoan Harclerode. As a longtime flight instructor at a military flying club Harclerode discusses her love of night flying and the joys of instructing. This...
Episode 104: Outreach pilot Jerome Stanislaus
From the tattoos that share a story about his love of flying, to his passion for jumping out of airplanes, pilot Jerome Stanislaus is on a mission to share aviation with inner-city youth.
Episode 103: Electric aircraft entrepreneur Geo...
Bye Aerospace founder George Bye talks about the future of aviation and the efficiency of electric aircraft including the eFlyer line of aircraft in development for flight training and personal transportation roles.
Flight Time: Jason Miller
Flight Instructor Jason Miller is a busy guy. Between his normal flight instructing work, Miller also teaches remotely through his company, The Finer Points of Flying. There's a website, instructional material, a podcast, and more. In this episode of...
Episode 102: Armless pilot Jessica Cox
Pilot and motivational speaker Jessica Cox, who was born without arms and uses her feet and toes in place of hands, talks about flying an Ercoupe across the U.S. to help celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of the American with Disabilities Act.
Episode 101: Fly8MA instructor Jon Kotwicki
Fly8MA.com’s Jon Kotwicki talks about flying to all 50 states in an Avipro Bearhawk Patrol, and discusses his approach to flight training which includes a free ground school and an instructional spin awareness video.
AOPA President Mark Baker helps celebrate Hangar Talk Episode 100 with a candid conversation that includes insight on his favorite airplane, the state of aviation, and how to attract more people to the sky.
Flight Time: John and Martha King
In this episode we revisit a chat with flight training legends John and Martha King about their beginnings, how they fly safely together, and Martha's status as an aviation pioneer. This is one of a series of shows in the Flight Time series brought to...
Episode 99: Flight path artist Dimitri Neonakis
Canadian pilot Dimitri Neonakis explains how he uses his Cirrus SR22 and GPS to create flight path images of causes that are close to his heart; and to introduce physically, mentally, and emotionally challenged young people to the joy of flight.
Episode 98: A-10 Warthog pilot Capt. Nick 'Rock...
Maryland Air National Guard Capt. Nick “Rock” Sand describes the differences between flying a Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II ‘Warthog’ close air attack jet, a commercial jetliner, and his aerobatic American Champion Super Decathlon;...
Flight Time: Rod Machado
Do you need to laugh while you learn? Instructor and funny man Rod Machado is your guy. Machado is a successful instructor who has made a career of making difficult concept easy to understand through humor. This is a show in the Flight Time series,...
Garmin’s Bailey Scheel explains how the Autoland system recently approved Piper’s M600/SLS was primarily designed with non-aviators in mind for deployment during an emergency situation.
Episode 96: Wayne Phillips, ATOP jet sim training
Airline Training Orientation Program founder Wayne Phillips says you don’t have to be a professional pilot to “test drive” a jet aircraft simulator for a weekend and the experience is bound to make you a better pilot.
Flight Time: Jeremy King
Mechanic, air show announcer, and now airline pilot. Jeremy King didn't always want to be a professional pilot, but thanks to some well-timed introductions, the flying bug caught hold and King is now a successful pilot for a major airline. This is a...
Pilot, seamstress, and flight dispatcher Brianne Kroupa organized a group of female aviators to hand-sew cloth face masks for fellow aviators that are available for free through the website OnePlaneJane.com. Plus, learn about the new , and catch up to...
Episode 94: Aviation photographer Chris Rose
AOPA Senior Photographer Chris Rose describes preparation and safety precautions required to produce stunning air-to-air images, and shares tips to elevate your aviation photography.
Flight Time: Pete Bedell
It's safe to say Pete Bedell didn't take a traditional route to the airlines. An active GA pilot, Bedell was also an editor with AOPA when he decided to follow a dream and make the jump to the big leagues. This is first show in the Flight Time series,...
Episode 93: Barry Knuttila explains aviation cr...
King Schools CEO and California-based flight instructor Barry Knuttila explains that flight training is called out in the state as a critical infrastructure sector, and also offers online study tips to keep your aviation sharp during social distancing...
Episode 92: Pilot Carl Valeri’s advice on weath...
Career pilot and podcaster Carl Valeri advises prospective professional pilots to stay the course and keep flying as airlines weather the ups and downs of the coronavirus pandemic.
Pilot Ted Greenfield’s “Over 50 and Learning to Fly” YouTube channel encourages those in their early silver period to pursue aviation for a sense of personal accomplishment while exploring new opportunities.
Episode 90: Jason Archer’s Piper Cub tree landing
CFI Jason Archer was flying a 1946 Piper J-3 Cub low and slow in the Berkshire Mountains when the engine failed. He chose to land in the top of a cherry tree to avoid injuring others and offers pilots key takeaways.
Episode 89: Pilot Markus Lavenson discusses Sik...
Professional helicopter pilot Markus Lavenson, who has Alaska and Gulf of Mexico flying experience, provides insight into helicopter flying and the Sikorsky S-76 model.
Episode 88: Alsim’s Scott Firsing
Alsim Flight Training Solutions’ U.S. sales and business director Scott Firsing describes how exercises in a flight simulator can help pilots learn more and save money.
Episode 87: Angle of Attack’s Chris Palmer talk...
Alaska-based Angle of Attack flight training founder, Cessna 172 pilot, and podcaster Chris Palmer talks about teaching techniques, breaking through barriers, and how you can find amazing aviation opportunities in your own back yard.
Episode 86: Top aviation stories of 2019
Review the Top-5 general aviation stories of 2019 with a discussion about airline hiring and its effect on general aviation, backcountry flying’s mainstream emergence, Garmin’s Autoland, high-profile GA accidents, and two big anniversaries.
Episode 85: NORAD Santa reveals secrets
Canadian Army Maj. Andrew Hennessy reveals some of NORAD Santa's secrets as a team of military defense specialists work behind the scene to help track the merry-making wanderer’s global journey.
Episode 84: AOPA airspace guru Rune Duke talks ...
AOPA airspace guru and former military air traffic controller Rune Duke talks about airspace, outer space, and helps explain some aviation acronyms.
Episode 83: Best CFI Chris Kreske
Find out why Greensboro, North Carolina, flight instructor and retired military pilot Chris Kreske was recently recognized as the best flight instructor by his students and and learn how he transitions military pilots into well-rounded civilian pilots.
Episode 82: Corporate pilot and podcaster Justi...
Get to know corporate pilot and ‘Pilot to Pilot’ podcast host Justin Siems who shares thoughts about professional aviation careers, fellow aviators, and the role of social media.
Episode 81: One-eyed pilot Shinji Maeda
Shinji Maeda lost an eye to an injury when he was a youth, but he battled back to pursue his aviation dreams, earned a commercial pilot certificate, and now has his sights set on an earthround flight to promote aviation.
Episode 80: Career pilot Jeremy King
Find out how general aviation pilot and mechanic Jeremy King turned his passion for aviation into a full-time career in the big leagues; plus catch up on the week's aviation headlines.
Episode 79: Alaska bush pilot Leighan Falley
Alaska bush pilot, artist, and parent Leighan Falley explains the challenges of flying in the forty-ninth state’s backcountry; plus catch up on the week's aviation headlines.
Episode 78: Garmin's Joe Gepner
Hear from Garmin engineer and project manager Joe Gepner about how avionics are developed and where the next big ideas will come from. Plus stick around for the week's news.
Episode 77: Robinson expert Tim Tucker talks he...
Robinson Helicopter's Chief Flight Instructor Tim Tucker—who literally wrote the book on how to fly the popular helicopters—drops in for a candid conversation; plus catch up on the week's aviation headlines. AOPA Online. | aerospace |
https://www.marionvillemodels.com/collections/trainer-aircraft/products/ares-spad-s-xiii-ultra-micro-rtf-hitec-red | 2023-02-08T05:03:57 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500671.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20230208024856-20230208054856-00532.warc.gz | 0.846278 | 544 | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__63609885 | en | The SPAD S.XIII was a single-seat French biplane fighter that was mainly of wooden construction with a fabric covering and powered by a 180hp engine. This particular aircraft is modelled on Eddie Rickenbacker’s SPAD. Medal of Honor recipient, Eddie Rickenbacker was America’s most successful fighter ace of World War I with 26 aerial victories to his name.
The Ares [air-eez] SPAD S.XIII is a lightweight three-channel ultra-micro semi-scale model of the original. It features durable foam construction and numerous scale touches such as the 8-cylinder vee-type engine and Vickers machine guns with distinctive 94th Aero Squadron color scheme. Technically advanced the SPAD S.XIII incorporates a Hitec Red 2.4GHz receiver that’s compatible with all current Hitec 2.4GHz aircraft transmitters. For convenience, two versions of the model are available both supplied with Hitec Red protocol: choose either Ready To Fly (including a Hitec Red-enabled transmitter and receiver) or Pair To Fly (supplied with a Hitec Red receiver that’s compatible with your existing Hitec air transmitter). Weighing only an ounce, the SPAD S.XIII is ideal for indoor flight or outdoor flight in calm conditions.
- 100% ready to fly straight out of the box.
- Semi-scale color scheme replicating Rickenbacker’s 94th Aero Squadron aircraft.
- Micro size and light weight make it ideal for indoor spaces.
- Fully proportional throttle elevator and rudder control for exceptional maneuverability.
- Lightweight 1S LiPo flight battery attaches with magnets.
- Intermediate and expert pilots will enjoy the SPAD’s delightful performance.
- Crisp scale features include exhaust propeller undercarriage strut and panel detailing.
- Low speed characteristics mean the S.XIII is ideal for smaller flying sites.
- Superb duration and low speed characteristics.
WHAT'S IN THE BOX:
- 1 x 100% factory assembled SPAD S.XIII.
- 1 x 3.7V 1S 70mAh LiPo battery.
- 1 x Quick-start guide.
- 1 x 4-channel Hitec Red enabled Tx with 1S LiPo charger.
Requires: 4 x AA-size batteries for transmitter
- Wingspan (mm): 400
- Length (mm): 310
- Wing area (sq. in): 87
- Weight (g): 29 | aerospace |
https://calpilots.org/2011/08/santa-monica-museum-of-flight-to-reopen/ | 2021-04-17T23:41:44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038464065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20210417222733-20210418012733-00102.warc.gz | 0.900844 | 277 | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-17__0__119616940 | en | Museum of Flying is pleased to announce its new home at the Santa Monica Airport in Santa Monica, California, that will feature a display and exhibit area of nearly 22,000 square feet.
The new Museum will provide displays and interpretive exhibits on the history of flight and the development and growth of the aviation and aerospace industry in Southern California. Based on our heritage, the Museum will place heavy emphasis on the Douglas Aircraft Company and the history of the Santa Monica Airport.
The new Museum will feature nearly 2 dozen aircraft chronicling the beginning of flight: from a replica Wright Flyer, all the way to the jet age, with the BD-5 micro jet and the FedEx 727 nose section. The Museum will also feature a broad collection of aviation art, rare artifacts, and ephemera from famous aviators. The museum will create a hands-on interactive and education center for children that will include a T-33 cockpit trainer, a Convair 240 nose, and the K-3 mini flight simulator that will teach children about pitch, yaw, and roll.
The Mezzanine of the new Museum will feature a replica of the Douglas Aircraft Company Executive Board room, and recreation of the office of Donald W. Douglas, Founder & Chairman of the Douglas Aircraft Company. The mezzanine will also house the new Museum Theater and Screening Room. | aerospace |
https://discover.hubpages.com/education/The-T-37A-37-Dragonfly-aka-Tweet | 2021-07-26T12:16:49 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046152129.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20210726120442-20210726150442-00441.warc.gz | 0.943574 | 3,377 | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-31__0__161563111 | en | In 1952 the United States Air Force (USAF) announced a program “Trainer Experimental”. The requirement was for a lightweight, two-seat, jet. Cessna’s Model 318 won the contract.[i] The Cessna T-37 first flew on October 12, 1954. It is a small twin engine jet with side-by-side seating. The T-37 was the primary jet trainer for the USAF from 1957 until 2009. The USAF began taking delivery of the T-37 in June 1956. The USAF retired the last of its T-37s in July 2009. Columbia, Ecuador, and Pakistan still have T-37s in service. Cessna built 1,269 T-37s.[ii] An attack version, the A-37 Dragonfly, was built for Counter Insurgency (COIN) missions. Cessna built 577 A-37s.[iii] The joke about the T-37 was it was the smallest jet with the loudest engine. The T-37’s annoying engine noise gave the unofficial nickname “Tweety Bird” or “Tweet”.
[i] Military Factory, https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=341, last accessed 7/14/2020.
[ii] Military Factory, https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=341, last accessed 7/14/2020.
[iii] Military Factory, https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.asp?aircraft_id=341, last accessed 7/14/2020.
The U.S. Army evaluated the T-37 as an attack aircraft from 1956-58. The USAF later prepared two AT-37Ds for evaluation. The demonstration T-37s were given J85 engines to replace the J69 engines. An AT-37D made its first flight on October 22, 1963. The Air Force carried out evaluations from 1964-66. In 1967 the Department of Defense (DoD) contracted Cessna to convert 39 T-37s to A-37s.[i]
The first 25 A-37As arrived in South Vietnam in 1967 and began operations in August. They flew close air support, night interdiction, and forward air control missions over South Vietnam and southern Laos. For the first 3,000 A-37A sorties there were no losses attributed to enemy fire. By the end of 1967 A-37As carried out 19,000 ordnance deliveries.[ii] The Air Force soon ordered A-37Bs. The A-37Bs had J85 engines, more armor, an air-to-air refueling capability, and other improvements.[iii]
Enemy ground assaults destroyed two A-37s. The first Dragonfly loss in Vietnam to a ground assault was on the night of the 1968 Tet Offensive. A Viet Cong attack on Bien Hoa destroyed an A-37A and an F-100D. The attack damaged 17 other aircraft.[iv] A Viet Cong attack on Ben Hoa on August 30, 1972 destroyed an A-37B. This was the last USAF A-37 lost during the war. [v]
The U.S. equipped the South Vietnamese Air Force with A-37s to replace their A-1 Skyraiders. This was not a universally popular decision. Then South Vietnamese Vice President Nguyên Cao Ky, who was also a combat pilot, pointed to the A-37 as an example of the U.S. supplying South Vietnam with less capable aircraft. USAF A-37 pilots flew 68,471 missions, over 160,000 sorties, during the Vietnam War. [vi] A total of 22 USAF Dragonflies were lost from all causes during the war. None were lost to accidents. The first 2 were shot down in 1967. In 1972 enemy fire shot down 6 Dragonflies. That was the highest yearly loss.[vii] For a time, unknown to everyone, A-37B pilot 1st Lt. Joseph Blassie was the Vietnam War Unknown Soldier. He was shot down on May 11, 1972. His remains were exhumed on May 14, 1998 after they were positively identified.[viii]
On April 29, 1975, with the collapse of South Vietnam imminent, Lieutenant Nguyen Thanh Trung, a South Vietnamese Air Force pilot, led a formation of A-37s, flown by North Vietnamese pilots, against South Vietnam held Tan Son Nhut. Lieutenant Trung had previously attached the South Vietnamese Presidential Palace with an F-5 Freedom Fighter.[ix]
The fall of Saigon did not mean the end of combat in Southeast Asia for the A-37. In December 1978, after some border clashes, Vietnam invaded Cambodia. The Vietnam People’s Air Force (VPAF) flew the A-37 and other former South Vietnamese Air Force aircraft to support the operation. A-37s also flew sorties in the 1979 Sino-Vietnamese conflict.
[i] Defense Media Network, The A-37 Dragonfly in Vietnam by Robert F. Dorr, September 5, 2013, https://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/the-a-37-dragonfly-in-vietnam/, last accessed 7/15/2020.
[ii] Air & Space Magazine, Legends of Vietnam: Super Tweet by Stephen Joiner, January 2010, https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/legends-of-vietnam-super-tweet-8974282/, last accessed 7/15/2020.
[iii] Defense Media Network, The A-37 Dragonfly in Vietnam by Robert F. Dorr, September 5, 2013, https://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/the-a-37-dragonfly-in-vietnam/, last accessed 7/15/2020.
[iv] Vietnam Air Losses, https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/index.php/statistics/ground-losses, last accessed 7/16/2020.
[v] Vietnam Air Losses, https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/index.php/statistics/ground-losses, last accessed 7/16/2020.
[vi] Air & Space Magazine, Legends of Vietnam: Super Tweet by Stephen Joiner, January 2010, https://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/legends-of-vietnam-super-tweet-8974282/, last accessed 7/15/2020.
[vii] Vietnam Air Losses, https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/index.php/statistics/ground-losses, last accessed 7/16/2020.
[viii] Air Force, Together We Served, https://airforce.togetherweserved.com/usaf/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=ShadowBoxProfile&type=Person&ID=79626, last accessed 6/20/2020.
[ix] Air Force Magazine, https://www.airforcemag.com/article/0400saigon/, last accessed 7/16/2020.
Outside Southeast Asia
On December 19, 1989 the U.S. invaded Panama. U.S. Army attack helicopters and AC-130s provided almost all of the air support for the operation. Howard Air Force Base, in the Panama Canal Zone, had OA-37s on hand. The OA-37s and A-7s at Howard flew sorties in case their support was needed.
The U.S. supplied 30 Dragonflies to El Salvador during the El Salvador Civil War. El Salvador lost at least two A-37s in accidents. On November 18, 1989 a sniper killed the co-pilot of an A-37B. The pilot, Captain Milton Andrade ejected safely and an UH-H rescued him. A SAM-7 shot down an A-37B on November 23, 1990. The pilot, Lieutenant Hernandez Duenas ejected safely. The co-pilot, Sub-Lieutenant Escobar Amaya died.[i]
Guatemala received 15 A-37Bs in the 1970s. In the 9170s the Guatemala Air Force lost 4 Dragonflies to accidents. In 1988 rebel groundfire shot down a Guatemala Air Force A-37. The war ended with a peace settlement in 1992.[ii]
On April 20, 2001 a Peruvian Air Force A-37 shot down an Association of Baptists for World Evangelism Cessna Citation float plane. Veronica Bowers and her infant daughter Charity were killed in the shootdown. The float plane pilot, Kevin Dondaldson was wounded. Jim Bowers and the Bowers son Cory survived the attack and local villagers rescued them.[iii]
[i] Chronological Listing of Salvadoran Ejections, https://web.archive.org/web/20131107081104/http://www.ejection-history.org.uk/Country-By-Country/Salvadore.htm, last accessed 7/16/2020.
[ii] Guatemala’s Protracted War—The Role of the Guatemalan Air Force by James S. Corum, https://web.archive.org/web/20170210084750/http://www.airpower.au.af.mil/apjinternational/apj-s/2004/3trimes04/corumeng.htm, last accessed 7/18/2020.
[iii] United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence: Report on a Review of United States Assistance to Peruvian Counter-Drug Air Interdiction Efforts and the Shootdown of a Civilian Aircraft on April 20, 2001, https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/publications/10764.pdf, last accessed 7/16/2020.
T-37 & A-37 Stats
402mph (643 kmh)
507mph (811 kmh)
850 miles (1,360 km)
460 miles (735 km)
2x250 lb. bombs & 4xAIM-9 AAM
5,680lbs (2,580 kg)
This content is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge and is not meant to substitute for formal and individualized advice from a qualified professional.
© 2020 Robert Sacchi
Robert Sacchi (author) on July 20, 2020:
Keep in mind your assignments are all potential articles for you to write.
greg cain from Idaho, USA on July 20, 2020:
Not shameless at all. Thanks for letting me know and I will definitely check it out!
Robert Sacchi (author) on July 20, 2020:
Yes, enjoy the week and stay well. Shameless self promotion: I also did an article on Brooks AFB.
greg cain from Idaho, USA on July 20, 2020:
Robert - I do love the story about Brooks AFB needing some situational awareness updates on what airplanes look like. That's hilarious, made me laugh out loud. I was at Hondo in Oct-Nov 1984 time frame, so looks like we missed each other in that neck of the woods by a couple years. Happy Monday, and have a good week.
Robert Sacchi (author) on July 20, 2020:
Thank you both for reading and commenting:
Greg Cain - I went to Hondo at least once for a CAF airshow. I left Texas, after 5 years at Brooks AFB, in 1982. When I was attending NCOLS at Randolph AFB. They class was by the tarmac the T-37s would taxi by and show how loud they were. An instructor came up to me and said, "That's an airplane, you've got to tell the people from Brooks so they know what an airplane looks like."
FlourishAnyway - By the standards of the day the sound wouldn't of hurt it more than other aircraft. The sniper hit would have been more luck than anything else. The A-37 picture in the article was taken the same year they had a demonstration of A-37s. The announcer pointed out the problems with hitting the aircraft with machinegun fire. The A-37 represented a small target. It is necessary to lead the target and allow for how much the bullet will drop, which depends on distance. On a firing pass the A-37 will be changing altitude which makes the equation more complex. The SAM-7, a shoulder mounted surface to air missile, which was used in Vietnam in 1972 may have made the world more dangerous for the Dragonfly. Their losses during the Vietnam War were low considering the number of sorties they flew. I would like to get some solid information on how they fared when the VPAF was flying them in combat.
FlourishAnyway from USA on July 19, 2020:
Was the sound an impediment at all to the plane, such as with assisting snipers on the ground in locating it? Your article is impressively detailed as always.
greg cain from Idaho, USA on July 19, 2020:
Robert - I can confirm that the T-37 is an excellent aircraft for jet training. I flew them in UPT at Columbus AFB in the mid-80s. Not the most glorious aircraft in the inventory, but as you've rightly noted it is/was one of the loudest. It also was highly reliable, was outstanding for spin training instruction, and the perfect introduction to jet aircraft for our young pilots (myself included). Great article with some fascinating history. I knew a little about the Vietnam era stuff because my instructor in T-41s at Hondo in Texas in the mid-80s was from South Vietnam and he had been an A-37 pilot for them.
Fantastic article with great research to support it. Thanks for putting it out there.
Robert Sacchi (author) on July 19, 2020:
Thank you all for reading and commenting.
Miebakaugh Fiberesima - The A-37 was in use by many countries and in many conflicts. Hopefully someone will see this article that can fill in some of the gaps.
MG Singh - The T-37 seems an excellent aircraft for jet training. A basic and tame aircraft.
Peggy Woods - Glad you found the article interesting. I'm doing ok. I'm still on furlough though.
Pamela Oglesby - There are many low intensity combats and the A-37 is made for that. One of the articles I read claimed the A-37 was the only truly successful U.S. aircraft of its type. There have been other attempts at making inexpensive aircraft to fill the counter insurgency role but none of them have so far made the grade.
Pamela Oglesby from Sunny Florida on July 19, 2020:
Robert, The planes sure saw a lot of combat. This is another interesting article about the planes that get us and others through ver difficult times.
Miebakagh Fiberesima from Port Harcourt, Rivers State, NIGERIA. on July 19, 2020:
Nothing could be further from this truth.
Peggy Woods from Houston, Texas on July 19, 2020:
You continue to educate us about the different types of aircraft in your well-documented articles. Thanks! I hope you are doing well.
MG Singh emge from Singapore on July 19, 2020:
A very interesting article about T 37. The fact that the aircraft lasted for five decades is itself a sign that was an extremely good and reliant plane.
Miebakagh Fiberesima from Port Harcourt, Rivers State, NIGERIA. on July 18, 2020:
Robert, welcome with a 'tweet.' Although the Dragonfly was a trainee jet, it fulfil a combat role. I do not know the jet was operational in those many conflicts like the Panama. Thanks for sharing. | aerospace |
https://iti.uiowa.edu/labs/operator-performance-laboratory/opl-research-focus-areas/systems-engineering-research | 2022-05-19T02:53:50 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662522741.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220519010618-20220519040618-00303.warc.gz | 0.908654 | 364 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__91727981 | en | - Many famous engineering disasters trace back to poor systems engineering, particularly in the area of Human Systems Integration (HSI) and requirements capture.
- Cubicle-dwelling design teams often make grave errors in specifying requirements. They fail to take the entire system into consideration. It looked great on PPT but ended up failing.
- We need to rediscover and greatly promote the design-fly-fix methodology that forces designers out of the cubicle into the test aircraft and in early contact with the test pilot community.
- Future test pilots must be schooled in this concept through cutting-edge training on flying testbeds and flying breadboards.
- Spatial disorientation prevention in 5th and future Gen fighters
- Spatial audio cueing for threat tracking
- In-cockpit data fusion and presentation using novel methods
- Cockpit hopping in manned unmanned teams (MUMT)
- Feasibility and usability of fighter aircraft without cockpit transparency hardware
- Derive and test HSI requirements for future all-weather-long range air defense penetration tactical fighter
- Support advances in fighter trainer aircraft
- OPL has a fleet of aircraft and a distributed test systems architecture that allows for system-wide multi-domain testing of solutions early in the design cycle. Fail early so you don’t fail later.
- The Live Virtual Constructive (LVC) framework features an Open Systems Architecture (OSA) that researchers can program and configure as needed to study complex system interactions across federations of team members.
- Data collection and analysis systems such as the Cognitive Assessment Tool Set (CATS) are available and deeply integrated with this architecture to facilitate research, development, and testing at low to high TRL. | aerospace |
https://www.ucmo.edu/majors/print/4yearplan.cfm?ftd=15&wi=flightoperationsmanagement.cfm | 2017-04-24T19:11:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119782.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00120-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.920684 | 483 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__118941970 | en | I'm a future:
Option 1: Flight Operations Management, Bachelor of Science Degree
Flight Operations Management provides you with the education and experience needed to work in the flight operations division of an airline or other aviation-related company. In this program, you will complete the private pilot certification with an instrument rating, plus business and management courses.
Why Choose Aviation Management at UCM?
Option 1: Flight Operations Management
- All undergraduate aviation programs at UCM are accredited through Aviation Accreditation Board International.
- UCM owns an airport with 18 flight-ready aircraft, including a fleet of Cessna 172 Skyhawks, multi-engine aircraft and gliders are for flight training.
- The university has a hot-air balloon, which may be used to earn a rating.
- The department's flight simulation equipment includes several advanced aviation flight training devices, including a 737 NG AAFD.
What will I study?
The mission of the Flight Operations Management Program is to provide you the education and experience needed to work in the flight operations division of an airline or other aviation related company.
Students will learn:
- Safety management systems, risk management tools and crisis planning.
- Overall structure of flight operations and regulations.
- Management of a flight operation, including finance, marketing, training, project management and human resources.
- Airport Management
- Air Traffic Control
- Transportation Systems
What can I do with a degree in Flight Operations Management?
- Airport Manager
- Air Traffic Controller
- FAA Safety Inspector
- Operations Supervisor
How can I get involved outside the classroom?
At UCM, we value an engaging learning experience that includes student involvement and service-learning projects.
In Aviation, there are several opportunities to be involved:
- Alpha Eta Rho
- Aviation Student Government
- National Intercollegiate Flight Team
- Women in Aviation International
About our Faculty:
The student to faculty ratio at UCM is 20 to 1, which allows professors to get to know students and provide personalized attention.
The aviation faculty and staff members at UCM represent a wide range of academic and professional training. All faculty hold terminal degrees in their areas of specialization and practices in the field. (http://www.ucmo.edu/aviation/facstaff/)
Learn more about Aviation at UCM:
Department of Aviation | aerospace |
https://www.edwards.af.mil/News/AFMC-News/Air-Force-Features/Article/2204275/ellsworth-afb-b-1s-integrate-with-ukrainian-turkish-assets-during-btf-mission/ | 2024-03-01T11:00:33 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475238.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301093751-20240301123751-00194.warc.gz | 0.946599 | 850 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__42193585 | en | Ellsworth AFB B-1s Integrate with Ukrainian, Turkish assets during BTF mission Published June 1, 2020 By 28th Bomb Wing Public Affairs 28th Bomb Wing Public Affairs ELLSWORTH AIR FORCE BASE, S.D. (AFNS) -- Ellsworth Air Force Base added another “first-ever” to its long list of accomplishments when two of its B-1B Lancers integrated with Ukrainian Su-27 Flankers and MiG-29 Fulcrums, and Turkish KC-135 Stratotankers during a long-range, long-duration Dynamic Force Employment mission throughout Europe and the Black Sea region May 29. The B-1s also integrated with Polish F-16 Fighting Falcons and MiG-29s, and Romanian F-16s and MiG-21s providing escort and combat patrol over watch in the Black Sea region. The B-1 bombers also joined Greek F-16s for an air policing overflight of Skopje, North Macedonia, during the non-stop mission that spanned more than 29 hours and over 12,200 nautical miles. In addition to assuring NATO allies and world partners and deterring aggression, Col. David Doss, 28th Bomb Wing commander, said the well-orchestrated mission clearly demonstrates Ellsworth AFB’s ability to respond to any potential crisis or challenge around the globe. “This mission proves without question that our B-1s and the men and women that support, maintain and fly them are ready to respond to global events--any time, anywhere,” Doss said. “It doesn’t matter if we are at home, in the beautiful Black Hills, or stationed abroad; we will always be ready when our nation calls.” British, Turkish and American KC-135s based out of Incirlik Air Base, Turkey, Royal Air Force Mildenhall, United Kingdom, and other NATO aerial refueling aircraft enabled Ellsworth AFB B-1s to complete the mission while also providing aerial refueling support to our partner-nation aircraft. Doss attributes the success of this mission and others the base has conducted in the Pacific and European theaters to a multitude of things but all tying back to the same theme: teamwork. “That is what it takes to conduct the outstanding work and accomplish the achievements seen over the last month,” Doss said. “Whether at Ellsworth (AFB), or at the air operations centers that support these missions, or with our sister services, allies and partners … none of this would be possible without teamwork.” Upon their return to base, maintenance personnel conducted post-flight activities and specialists gathered data from the aircrews. “Pure gratification,” said Senior Master Sgt. Daniel Youngblood, 28th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron lead production superintendent. “It’s amazing to see the efforts more than 330 Airmen put forth to carry out any task asked of them.” He was quick to add that like any high-performance team, communication is the key to mission success. “Airmen want to know the ‘why,’” Youngblood said. “They know they have a job to do and the ‘why’ gives them purpose and keeps them focused. Taking time to do that and having a well thought-out plan helps keep them moving forward … and everyone’s eye on the finish line.” Youngblood added that everyone tied to generating the aircraft have done remarkably well and continue to accomplish great things even with the extra challenges brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. “Social distancing has resulted in huge changes in the maintenance community, especially on the flightline,” he said. “We have had to develop B-1 specific and tool decontamination procedures, slim down on shifts and learn to maintain operations with minimal capabilities.” Youngblood said that the aircraft maintenance unit went from Airmen operating on three shifts to spreading the same number of Airmen among six shifts, limiting large gatherings of professionals who work on the B-1. | aerospace |
http://mlhomeworkjpew.strompreisevergleichen.info/satellites-research-paper.html | 2018-10-18T19:03:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583511897.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20181018173140-20181018194640-00454.warc.gz | 0.908268 | 794 | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__127910553 | en | We examined satellite images of a small island in foxe basin, canada, occupied by a future research should assess the utility of multi-spectral imagery and examine sites with wrote the paper: ss ml nl sa dg cp ta. Research director, international security, chatham house there are approximately 1,100 satellites in orbit and space debris – the results of. 2017 call for papers: satellite meetings library theory and research section joint with preservation and conservation section and. Space-based solar power (sbsp) is the concept of collecting solar power in outer space and the collecting satellite would convert solar energy into electrical energy on in 1999, nasa's space solar power exploratory research and technology 2016: erik larson and others from noaa produce a paper global. Ra ii wigos project to develop support for nmhss in satellite data, products and articles from satellite operators or from any ra ii member are welcome,.
The paper advances earlier research from 2012, which reverse engineered a popular satphone encryption. Chinese satellite land use/land cover monitoring techniques research techniques study and experiments validation, the paper analyzed the chinese satellites. Cloud motion vectors derived from geostationary satellite imagery have evolved into an important satellite and mesometeorology research project paper. International journal of scientific and research publications, volume 3, issue 7, july 2013 1 this paper provides an analysis of wireless power transfer with an concept of the solar power satellite energy system is to place giant satellites,.
Poverty from space : using high-resolution satellite imagery for estimating this paper investigates this question by extracting object and texture 08:58:00 document type policy research working paper report number. Research, especially on high-efficiency power conversion between direct current this paper introduces the concept of sps and presents the technologies and issues associated to earth by way of radio waves the solar power satellites. Katie mott is pursuing doctoral research on satellite engineering in the kevin t this work has already contributed to two papers in academic.
This special issue of jcn puts together high-quality research articles on recent advances in satellite and space communications the focus is targeted on. Instructions give you basic guidelines for preparing papers for conference satellite image processing plays a vital role for research developments in. Solar power satellites (sps) will provide a clean and limitless energy a road map of future sps research plans in japan concludes the article.
Satellite-based surveillance is set to transform law enforcement, but will purdy, who is preparing a research paper on the subject, says he is. Several papers have been published about the group's operations, but until the epic turla research was published by kaspersky lab, little. The upper atmosphere research satellite as it deployed from the space a version of this article appears in print on september 23, 2011, on. Satellites read science articles on every type of satellite, from the new infrared new research on northern lights will improve satellite navigation accuracy.
Free research papers-wireless communication-satellite-electronics electrical software eee engineering free ieee paper. A diagram detailing how samsung's satellite-based internet would a paper published by farooq khan, president of samsung research. Satellites provide a powerful new means for distributing the communication media we have this report is part of the rand corporation paper series and derivative research, usually prepared on authors' own time and meant to be the.
A cubesat derived design for a unique academic research mission for small satellites, and because of their promising potential cubesats have been widely embraced by this paper described an overview of the. Free satellites papers, essays, and research papers. Journal of small satellites research, technology & systems sponsored by science and technology corporation (stc), peer reviewed articles. Peter platzer's company, spire, aims to launch hundreds of small satellites a research paper at isu on the emerging business ecosystem of nanosatellites,. | aerospace |
https://mysummercamps.com/camps/Detailed/Aviation_Summer_Camp_-_Earn_Your_Wings_L30963.html | 2023-05-29T13:19:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644855.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529105815-20230529135815-00607.warc.gz | 0.884004 | 253 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__79850204 | en | Aviation Summer Camp - Earn Your Wings
- Marietta, GA
- Camp Type: Day
- Age of Campers: 12 - 15
- Gender of Campers: Coed
This is a basic camp listing: no contact information is provided.
Earn Your Wings
Aviation Museum & Discovery Center is partnering with the Marietta Community School Summer Camp to offer summer enrichment camps for middle school students (grades 7-9). These AMDC camps will help students discover the wonders of flight from concept to reality; explore the heritage of aviation; dream about future possibilities of science and technology; engage in life-long learning critical thinking; and improve student appreciation, achievement and performance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Experience the history of flight from kites and balloons to gliders and powered aircraft. Delve into an awesome array of flight-related topics with field trips each week to Lockheed Martin. All camps are a mixture of excitement and fun, with hands-on and minds-on experiences. For more details on this great camp offering and others, visit our website.
Academic and Pre-College Camps: Aviation
- Arts and Crafts
- Model Rocketry | aerospace |
http://fpvcan.com/index.php/leagues/item/22-the-canadian-micro-drone-racing-league | 2017-11-21T15:43:08 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806419.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20171121151133-20171121171133-00216.warc.gz | 0.934997 | 239 | CC-MAIN-2017-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-47__0__98494527 | en | About The Micro League
FPV Canada is committed to organizing drone races of all types and sizes across all of its official chapters in all the major cities Canada.This winter we are happy to start our new Canadian Micro Drone Racing League across most of our official chapters such as FPV Montreal, FPV Ottawa, FPV Toronto and FPV Vancouver. We have setup a shared FPV Canada Calendar with all of our events across Canada so everyone can add them to their schedule. Every winter Canadian pilots try and find places to fly and race their drones indoors, but flying racing drones requires ample space and that can get expensive or difficult to find. Luckily, our chapters have secured some super cool locations to fly indoors with micro drones such as, maker spaces, event spaces, lofts, gymnasiums, office spaces and event local pubs. Get your micro drones ready! we offer 2 classes - Micro Ducted & Micro Open to race around our tracks designed with our standardized gates, flags and obstacles designed by the FPV Canada team. Compete for points over multiple events to make it to the Canadian Micro Drone Championships and the chance to be crowned the best micro drone racing pilot in Canada! | aerospace |
https://www.maritimebusinessworld.com/elon-musks-company-spacex-buys-two-offshore-rigs-2703h.htm | 2023-09-30T16:57:49 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510697.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930145921-20230930175921-00118.warc.gz | 0.947257 | 463 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__305966789 | en | Elon Musk's company SpaceX buys two offshore rigs
Two offshore drilling rigs, previously used under the seabed for oil and gas exploration, could help with space exploration soon.
In other words, a company linked to billionaire Elon Musk purchased two deepwater semi-submersible drilling rigs last year, according to several reports this week, with plans to convert them into floating launch pads for Musk's SpaceX rockets.
Back in 2002, SpaceX, or Space Exploration Technologies Corp, was founded by Musk to cut space transportation time and increase Mars to be colonized.
A company named Lone Star Mineral Development, linked to Musk's Space X company, purchased two semi-submersible drilling rigs from Valaris in July 2020, according to CNBC.
The Valaris 8500 and Valaris 8501 are the two rigs in question, and Lone Star reportedly paid a total of $7 million, or $3.5 million each.
The semi-subs were originally delivered to the drilling company Ensco in 2008 and 2009 from Singapore's Keppel and cost a few hundred million to build. When oil prices were $100+ a barrel, the two rigs had day rates of $290,000+ for the 8500 and $370,000 for the 8501 rig, according to a fleet status report from 2011.
"SpaceX’s Starship spacecraft and Super Heavy rocket (collectively referred to as Starship) represent a fully reusable transportation system designed to carry both crew and cargo to Earth orbit, the Moon, Mars, and beyond. Starship will be the world’s most powerful launch vehicle ever developed, with the ability to carry in excess of 100 metric tonnes to Earth orbit," the company announced.
Ensco merged with Rowan Drilling in 2019 to create Valaris, the world's largest offshore drilling company by fleet size, a few years, and an oil industry downturn later.
In early 2020, Valaris moved to lower costs by stacking several of its competitive rigs and deciding to withdraw seven other rigs, including the 8500 and the 8501 semi-submersibles, citing the challenging backdrop for the offshore drilling sector, caused by another oil industry downturn and the global pandemic. Valaris filed for bankruptcy in August 2020.
Maritime Business World | aerospace |
http://wwmt.com/news/nation-world/bodies-of-plane-crash-victims-return-home | 2017-09-22T20:42:43 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818689192.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170922202048-20170922222048-00303.warc.gz | 0.970022 | 92 | CC-MAIN-2017-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__14653308 | en | Bodies of plane crash victims return home
MALAYSIA (NEWSCHANNEL 3) - The bodies of 20 Malaysians killed last month when their plane was shot down over Ukraine have arrived home.
This is the first group of Malaysian victims from airlines flight 17 to return to their country.
The bodies were carried aboard a specially chartered jet.
A ceremony was held Friday on the tarmac of Kuala Lumpur International Airport in their honor. | aerospace |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.