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model_doc/vision-text-dual-encoder.md
# VisionTextDualEncoder ## Overview The [`VisionTextDualEncoderModel`] can be used to initialize a vision-text dual encoder model with any pretrained vision autoencoding model as the vision encoder (*e.g.* [ViT](vit), [BEiT](beit), [DeiT](deit)) and any pretrained text autoencoding model as the text encoder (*e.g....
model_doc/ctrl.md
# CTRL ## Overview CTRL model was proposed in [CTRL: A Conditional Transformer Language Model for Controllable Generation](https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.05858) by Nitish Shirish Keskar*, Bryan McCann*, Lav R. Varshney, Caiming Xiong and Richard Socher. It's a causal (unidirectional) transformer pre-trained using lang...
model_doc/convnextv2.md
# ConvNeXt V2 ## Overview The ConvNeXt V2 model was proposed in [ConvNeXt V2: Co-designing and Scaling ConvNets with Masked Autoencoders](https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.00808) by Sanghyun Woo, Shoubhik Debnath, Ronghang Hu, Xinlei Chen, Zhuang Liu, In So Kweon, Saining Xie. ConvNeXt V2 is a pure convolutional model (C...
model_doc/fnet.md
# FNet ## Overview The FNet model was proposed in [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824) by James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon. The model replaces the self-attention layer in a BERT model with a fourier transform which returns only the real pa...
model_doc/pvt.md
# Pyramid Vision Transformer (PVT) ## Overview The PVT model was proposed in [Pyramid Vision Transformer: A Versatile Backbone for Dense Prediction without Convolutions](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.12122) by Wenhai Wang, Enze Xie, Xiang Li, Deng-Ping Fan, Kaitao Song, Ding Liang, Tong Lu, Ping Luo, Ling Shao. The ...
model_doc/bit.md
# Big Transfer (BiT) ## Overview The BiT model was proposed in [Big Transfer (BiT): General Visual Representation Learning](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.11370) by Alexander Kolesnikov, Lucas Beyer, Xiaohua Zhai, Joan Puigcerver, Jessica Yung, Sylvain Gelly, Neil Houlsby. BiT is a simple recipe for scaling up pre-tra...
model_doc/lilt.md
# LiLT ## Overview The LiLT model was proposed in [LiLT: A Simple yet Effective Language-Independent Layout Transformer for Structured Document Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.13669) by Jiapeng Wang, Lianwen Jin, Kai Ding. LiLT allows to combine any pre-trained RoBERTa text encoder with a lightweight Lay...
model_doc/luke.md
# LUKE ## Overview The LUKE model was proposed in [LUKE: Deep Contextualized Entity Representations with Entity-aware Self-attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01057) by Ikuya Yamada, Akari Asai, Hiroyuki Shindo, Hideaki Takeda and Yuji Matsumoto. It is based on RoBERTa and adds entity embeddings as well as an en...
model_doc/gpt_neox.md
# GPT-NeoX ## Overview We introduce GPT-NeoX-20B, a 20 billion parameter autoregressive language model trained on the Pile, whose weights will be made freely and openly available to the public through a permissive license. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest dense autoregressive model that has public...
model_doc/t5v1.1.md
# T5v1.1 ## Overview T5v1.1 was released in the [google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer](https://github.com/google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer/blob/main/released_checkpoints.md#t511) repository by Colin Raffel et al. It's an improved version of the original T5 model. This model was contr...
model_doc/wav2vec2_phoneme.md
# Wav2Vec2Phoneme ## Overview The Wav2Vec2Phoneme model was proposed in [Simple and Effective Zero-shot Cross-lingual Phoneme Recognition (Xu et al., 2021](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.11680) by Qiantong Xu, Alexei Baevski, Michael Auli. The abstract from the paper is the following: *Recent progress in self-traini...
model_doc/pix2struct.md
# Pix2Struct ## Overview The Pix2Struct model was proposed in [Pix2Struct: Screenshot Parsing as Pretraining for Visual Language Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03347) by Kenton Lee, Mandar Joshi, Iulia Turc, Hexiang Hu, Fangyu Liu, Julian Eisenschlos, Urvashi Khandelwal, Peter Shaw, Ming-Wei Chang, Krist...
model_doc/transfo-xl.md
# Transformer XL This model is in maintenance mode only, so we won't accept any new PRs changing its code. This model was deprecated due to security issues linked to `pickle.load`. We recommend switching to more recent models for improved security. In case you would still like to use `TransfoXL` in your experiment...
model_doc/gpt-sw3.md
# GPT-Sw3 ## Overview The GPT-Sw3 model was first proposed in [Lessons Learned from GPT-SW3: Building the First Large-Scale Generative Language Model for Swedish](http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2022/pdf/2022.lrec-1.376.pdf) by Ariel Ekgren, Amaru Cuba Gyllensten, Evangelia Gogoulou, Alice Heiman, Severi...
model_doc/visual_bert.md
# VisualBERT ## Overview The VisualBERT model was proposed in [VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1908.03557) by Liunian Harold Li, Mark Yatskar, Da Yin, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Kai-Wei Chang. VisualBERT is a neural network trained on a variety of (image, text) pairs...
model_doc/dinov2.md
# DINOv2 ## Overview The DINOv2 model was proposed in [DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision](https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.07193) by Maxime Oquab, Timothée Darcet, Théo Moutakanni, Huy Vo, Marc Szafraniec, Vasil Khalidov, Pierre Fernandez, Daniel Haziza, Francisco Massa, Alaaeldin El-Nouby, Mah...
model_doc/canine.md
# CANINE ## Overview The CANINE model was proposed in [CANINE: Pre-training an Efficient Tokenization-Free Encoder for Language Representation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06874) by Jonathan H. Clark, Dan Garrette, Iulia Turc, John Wieting. It's among the first papers that trains a Transformer without using an exp...
model_doc/upernet.md
# UPerNet ## Overview The UPerNet model was proposed in [Unified Perceptual Parsing for Scene Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.10221) by Tete Xiao, Yingcheng Liu, Bolei Zhou, Yuning Jiang, Jian Sun. UPerNet is a general framework to effectively segment a wide range of concepts from images, leveraging any...
model_doc/phi.md
# Phi ## Overview The Phi-1 model was proposed in [Textbooks Are All You Need](https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.11644) by Suriya Gunasekar, Yi Zhang, Jyoti Aneja, Caio César Teodoro Mendes, Allie Del Giorno, Sivakanth Gopi, Mojan Javaheripi, Piero Kauffmann, Gustavo de Rosa, Olli Saarikivi, Adil Salim, Shital Shah, Harki...
model_doc/idefics.md
# IDEFICS ## Overview The IDEFICS model was proposed in [OBELICS: An Open Web-Scale Filtered Dataset of Interleaved Image-Text Documents ](https://huggingface.co/papers/2306.16527 ) by Hugo Laurençon, Lucile Saulnier, Léo Tronchon, Stas Bekman, Amanpreet Singh, Anton Lozhkov, Thomas Wang, Siddharth Karamcheti, Al...
model_doc/mra.md
# MRA ## Overview The MRA model was proposed in [Multi Resolution Analysis (MRA) for Approximate Self-Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.10284) by Zhanpeng Zeng, Sourav Pal, Jeffery Kline, Glenn M Fung, and Vikas Singh. The abstract from the paper is the following: *Transformers have emerged as a preferred mod...
model_doc/gptj.md
# GPT-J ## Overview The GPT-J model was released in the [kingoflolz/mesh-transformer-jax](https://github.com/kingoflolz/mesh-transformer-jax) repository by Ben Wang and Aran Komatsuzaki. It is a GPT-2-like causal language model trained on [the Pile](https://pile.eleuther.ai/) dataset. This model was contributed b...
model_doc/clap.md
# CLAP ## Overview The CLAP model was proposed in [Large Scale Contrastive Language-Audio pretraining with feature fusion and keyword-to-caption augmentation](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.06687.pdf) by Yusong Wu, Ke Chen, Tianyu Zhang, Yuchen Hui, Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick, Shlomo Dubnov. CLAP (Contrastive Language-A...
model_doc/roberta-prelayernorm.md
# RoBERTa-PreLayerNorm ## Overview The RoBERTa-PreLayerNorm model was proposed in [fairseq: A Fast, Extensible Toolkit for Sequence Modeling](https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.01038) by Myle Ott, Sergey Edunov, Alexei Baevski, Angela Fan, Sam Gross, Nathan Ng, David Grangier, Michael Auli. It is identical to using the `-...
model_doc/herbert.md
# HerBERT ## Overview The HerBERT model was proposed in [KLEJ: Comprehensive Benchmark for Polish Language Understanding](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.111.pdf) by Piotr Rybak, Robert Mroczkowski, Janusz Tracz, and Ireneusz Gawlik. It is a BERT-based Language Model trained on Polish Corpora using ...
model_doc/bridgetower.md
# BridgeTower ## Overview The BridgeTower model was proposed in [BridgeTower: Building Bridges Between Encoders in Vision-Language Representative Learning](https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.08657) by Xiao Xu, Chenfei Wu, Shachar Rosenman, Vasudev Lal, Wanxiang Che, Nan Duan. The goal of this model is to build a bridge be...
model_doc/cpmant.md
# CPMAnt ## Overview CPM-Ant is an open-source Chinese pre-trained language model (PLM) with 10B parameters. It is also the first milestone of the live training process of CPM-Live. The training process is cost-effective and environment-friendly. CPM-Ant also achieves promising results with delta tuning on the CUGE...
model_doc/focalnet.md
# FocalNet ## Overview The FocalNet model was proposed in [Focal Modulation Networks](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.11926) by Jianwei Yang, Chunyuan Li, Xiyang Dai, Lu Yuan, Jianfeng Gao. FocalNets completely replace self-attention (used in models like [ViT](vit) and [Swin](swin)) by a focal modulation mechanism for ...
model_doc/opt.md
# OPT ## Overview The OPT model was proposed in [Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.01068) by Meta AI. OPT is a series of open-sourced large causal language models which perform similar in performance to GPT3. The abstract from the paper is the following: *Large language mod...
model_doc/blenderbot-small.md
# Blenderbot Small Note that [`BlenderbotSmallModel`] and [`BlenderbotSmallForConditionalGeneration`] are only used in combination with the checkpoint [facebook/blenderbot-90M](https://huggingface.co/facebook/blenderbot-90M). Larger Blenderbot checkpoints should instead be used with [`BlenderbotModel`] and [`Ble...
model_doc/mobilevitv2.md
# MobileViTV2 ## Overview The MobileViTV2 model was proposed in [Separable Self-attention for Mobile Vision Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.02680) by Sachin Mehta and Mohammad Rastegari. MobileViTV2 is the second version of MobileViT, constructed by replacing the multi-headed self-attention in MobileViT w...
model_doc/cvt.md
# Convolutional Vision Transformer (CvT) ## Overview The CvT model was proposed in [CvT: Introducing Convolutions to Vision Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.15808) by Haiping Wu, Bin Xiao, Noel Codella, Mengchen Liu, Xiyang Dai, Lu Yuan and Lei Zhang. The Convolutional vision Transformer (CvT) improves the ...
model_doc/data2vec.md
# Data2Vec ## Overview The Data2Vec model was proposed in [data2vec: A General Framework for Self-supervised Learning in Speech, Vision and Language](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2202.03555) by Alexei Baevski, Wei-Ning Hsu, Qiantong Xu, Arun Babu, Jiatao Gu and Michael Auli. Data2Vec proposes a unified framework for self...
model_doc/nllb.md
# NLLB ## Updated tokenizer behavior **DISCLAIMER:** The default behaviour for the tokenizer was fixed and thus changed in April 2023. The previous version adds `[self.eos_token_id, self.cur_lang_code]` at the end of the token sequence for both target and source tokenization. This is wrong as the NLLB paper menti...
model_doc/m2m_100.md
# M2M100 ## Overview The M2M100 model was proposed in [Beyond English-Centric Multilingual Machine Translation](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11125) by Angela Fan, Shruti Bhosale, Holger Schwenk, Zhiyi Ma, Ahmed El-Kishky, Siddharth Goyal, Mandeep Baines, Onur Celebi, Guillaume Wenzek, Vishrav Chaudhary, Naman Goyal,...
model_doc/perceiver.md
# Perceiver ## Overview The Perceiver IO model was proposed in [Perceiver IO: A General Architecture for Structured Inputs & Outputs](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.14795) by Andrew Jaegle, Sebastian Borgeaud, Jean-Baptiste Alayrac, Carl Doersch, Catalin Ionescu, David Ding, Skanda Koppula, Daniel Zoran, Andrew Brock...
model_doc/yolos.md
# YOLOS ## Overview The YOLOS model was proposed in [You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detection](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.00666) by Yuxin Fang, Bencheng Liao, Xinggang Wang, Jiemin Fang, Jiyang Qi, Rui Wu, Jianwei Niu, Wenyu Liu. YOLOS proposes to just leverage the p...
model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md
# Vision Encoder Decoder Models ## Overview The [`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] can be used to initialize an image-to-text model with any pretrained Transformer-based vision model as the encoder (*e.g.* [ViT](vit), [BEiT](beit), [DeiT](deit), [Swin](swin)) and any pretrained language model as the decoder (*e.g.* [R...
model_doc/codegen.md
# CodeGen ## Overview The CodeGen model was proposed in [A Conversational Paradigm for Program Synthesis](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.13474) by Erik Nijkamp, Bo Pang, Hiroaki Hayashi, Lifu Tu, Huan Wang, Yingbo Zhou, Silvio Savarese, and Caiming Xiong. CodeGen is an autoregressive language model for program synthes...
model_doc/dpt.md
# DPT ## Overview The DPT model was proposed in [Vision Transformers for Dense Prediction](https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.13413) by René Ranftl, Alexey Bochkovskiy, Vladlen Koltun. DPT is a model that leverages the [Vision Transformer (ViT)](vit) as backbone for dense prediction tasks like semantic segmentation and de...
main_classes/deepspeed.md
# DeepSpeed Integration [DeepSpeed](https://github.com/microsoft/DeepSpeed) implements everything described in the [ZeRO paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.02054). Currently it provides full support for: 1. Optimizer state partitioning (ZeRO stage 1) 2. Gradient partitioning (ZeRO stage 2) 3. Parameter partitionin...
main_classes/data_collator.md
# Data Collator Data collators are objects that will form a batch by using a list of dataset elements as input. These elements are of the same type as the elements of `train_dataset` or `eval_dataset`. To be able to build batches, data collators may apply some processing (like padding). Some of them (like [`DataC...
main_classes/model.md
# Models The base classes [`PreTrainedModel`], [`TFPreTrainedModel`], and [`FlaxPreTrainedModel`] implement the common methods for loading/saving a model either from a local file or directory, or from a pretrained model configuration provided by the library (downloaded from HuggingFace's AWS S3 repository). [`Pr...
main_classes/processors.md
# Processors Processors can mean two different things in the Transformers library: - the objects that pre-process inputs for multi-modal models such as [Wav2Vec2](../model_doc/wav2vec2) (speech and text) or [CLIP](../model_doc/clip) (text and vision) - deprecated objects that were used in older versions of the ...
main_classes/tokenizer.md
# Tokenizer A tokenizer is in charge of preparing the inputs for a model. The library contains tokenizers for all the models. Most of the tokenizers are available in two flavors: a full python implementation and a "Fast" implementation based on the Rust library [🤗 Tokenizers](https://github.com/huggingface/tokeni...
main_classes/trainer.md
# Trainer The [`Trainer`] class provides an API for feature-complete training in PyTorch for most standard use cases. It's used in most of the [example scripts](https://github.com/huggingface/transformers/tree/main/examples). If you're looking to fine-tune a language model like Llama-2 or Mistral on a text dataset ...
main_classes/onnx.md
# Exporting 🤗 Transformers models to ONNX 🤗 Transformers provides a `transformers.onnx` package that enables you to convert model checkpoints to an ONNX graph by leveraging configuration objects. See the [guide](../serialization) on exporting 🤗 Transformers models for more details. ## ONNX Configurations We ...
main_classes/optimizer_schedules.md
# Optimization The `.optimization` module provides: - an optimizer with weight decay fixed that can be used to fine-tuned models, and - several schedules in the form of schedule objects that inherit from `_LRSchedule`: - a gradient accumulation class to accumulate the gradients of multiple batches ## AdamW (PyTo...
main_classes/feature_extractor.md
# Feature Extractor A feature extractor is in charge of preparing input features for audio or vision models. This includes feature extraction from sequences, e.g., pre-processing audio files to generate Log-Mel Spectrogram features, feature extraction from images, e.g., cropping image files, but also padding, normal...
main_classes/text_generation.md
# Generation Each framework has a generate method for text generation implemented in their respective `GenerationMixin` class: - PyTorch [`~generation.GenerationMixin.generate`] is implemented in [`~generation.GenerationMixin`]. - TensorFlow [`~generation.TFGenerationMixin.generate`] is implemented in [`~generatio...
main_classes/configuration.md
# Configuration The base class [`PretrainedConfig`] implements the common methods for loading/saving a configuration either from a local file or directory, or from a pretrained model configuration provided by the library (downloaded from HuggingFace's AWS S3 repository). Each derived config class implements model...
main_classes/callback.md
# Callbacks Callbacks are objects that can customize the behavior of the training loop in the PyTorch [`Trainer`] (this feature is not yet implemented in TensorFlow) that can inspect the training loop state (for progress reporting, logging on TensorBoard or other ML platforms) and take decisions (like early stopp...
main_classes/quantization.md
# Quantize 🤗 Transformers models ## AWQ integration AWQ method has been introduced in the [*AWQ: Activation-aware Weight Quantization for LLM Compression and Acceleration* paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00978). With AWQ you can run models in 4-bit precision, while preserving its original quality (i.e. no perfor...
main_classes/pipelines.md
# Pipelines The pipelines are a great and easy way to use models for inference. These pipelines are objects that abstract most of the complex code from the library, offering a simple API dedicated to several tasks, including Named Entity Recognition, Masked Language Modeling, Sentiment Analysis, Feature Extraction...
main_classes/logging.md
# Logging 🤗 Transformers has a centralized logging system, so that you can setup the verbosity of the library easily. Currently the default verbosity of the library is `WARNING`. To change the level of verbosity, just use one of the direct setters. For instance, here is how to change the verbosity to the INFO le...
main_classes/agent.md
# Agents & Tools Transformers Agents is an experimental API which is subject to change at any time. Results returned by the agents can vary as the APIs or underlying models are prone to change. To learn more about agents and tools make sure to read the [introductory guide](../transformers_agents). This page conta...
main_classes/output.md
# Model outputs All models have outputs that are instances of subclasses of [`~utils.ModelOutput`]. Those are data structures containing all the information returned by the model, but that can also be used as tuples or dictionaries. Let's see how this looks in an example: thon from transformers import BertToken...
main_classes/keras_callbacks.md
# Keras callbacks When training a Transformers model with Keras, there are some library-specific callbacks available to automate common tasks: ## KerasMetricCallback [[autodoc]] KerasMetricCallback ## PushToHubCallback [[autodoc]] PushToHubCallback
main_classes/image_processor.md
# Image Processor An image processor is in charge of preparing input features for vision models and post processing their outputs. This includes transformations such as resizing, normalization, and conversion to PyTorch, TensorFlow, Flax and Numpy tensors. It may also include model specific post-processing such as c...