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ABSTRACT
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CITED
int64
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1
40,847
The airliner cabin environment: air quality and safety
null
1,986
null
0
64,404
Strain A mouse pulmonary tumor test results for chemicals previously tested in the National Cancer Institute carcinogenicity tests
Maronpot, RR; Shimkin, MB; Witschi, HP; Smith, LH; Cline, JM
1,986
ABSTRACT - Sixty-five chemicals were coded and examined for their ability to induce lung tumors in strain A/St (laboratory A) or strain AJ (laboratory B) mice. Thirty-five chemicals were tested in laboratory A only, 8 in laboratory B only, and 24 in both laboratories. Two-year carcinogenicity test results as well as ge...
0
40,477
Ozone effects on alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor in vivo: blood plasma inhibitory activity is unchanged
Johnson, DA; Winters, RS; Woolley, T; Graham, D; Henderson, FW
1,986
The possible oxidative inactivation of human blood plasma alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha-1-PI) by inhaled ozone was assessed. Eleven male volunteers (non-smokers) were exposed to 0.5 ppm ozone for four hours on two consecutive days and ten control subjects were exposed to air under the same conditions. Blood plasm...
0
80,398
Photochemical oxidant damage on Pinus hartwegii at the "Desierto de los Leones"
Hernandez-Tejeda, T; de Bauer, LI
1,986
null
0
40,804
T-cell activation in pulmonary lymph nodes of mice exposed to ozone
Dziedzic, D; White, HJ
1,986
As part of a project to assess the effect of ozone inhalation on cells of the mediastinal lymph nodes, groups of CD-1 female mice were exposed to ozone at 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 ppm, 20 hr per day, 7 days per week for 1-28 days. The effect of ozone exposure on lymphoid cells was determined by studying mediastinal lymph node...
0
1,470
Guidelines for estimating exposures
null
1,986
null
0
40,407
Relative permeability of nasal, tracheal, and bronchoalveolar mucosa to macromolecules in rats exposed to ozone
Bhalla, DK; Mannix, RC; Kleinman, MT; Crocker, TT
1,986
Nasal, tracheal and bronchoalveolar injuries resulting from acute ozone exposure of rats were investigated by permeability changes. 99mTc-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DPTA) and 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA) were selectively instilled into localized airway regions of anesthetized rats exposed to 0.8...
0
458,839
Lead: petrol lead in the environment and its contribution to human blood lead levels
Fergusson, JE
1,986
null
0
72,874
Effects of airborne pollutants on mucociliary clearance
Wolff, RK
1,986
The mucociliary clearance system is a first line of defense against inhaled agents, and so its compromise can adversely affect health. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of data on the effect of in vivo air pollutant exposures on the clearance of test particles from airways. Data from both animals and hum...
0
458,838
The sources of lead in blood: a critical review
Elwood, PC
1,986
null
0
40,447
Tracheal permeability in rats exposed to ozone: an electron microscopic and autoradiographic analysis of the transport pathway
Bhalla, DK; Crocker, TT
1,986
Exposure of rats to ozone (O3), 0.8 ppm increases the tracheal permeability to 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (99mTc-DTPA) about twofold but to 125I-bovine serum albumin (125I-BSA) to a lesser extent. It is generally believed that exposure to air pollutants causes perturbation of tight junctions and formation of ...
0
1,785,313
Airway response to methacholine during exercise induced refractoriness in asthma
Magnussen, H; Reuss, G; Jorres, R
1,986
To investigate the mechanisms contributing to refractoriness in exercise induced asthma a methacholine challenge test was performed 30 minutes before and 30 minutes after two exercise tests 45 minutes apart. Exercise was performed by 12 asthmatic patients while they were breathing cold air. There was a smaller airway r...
0
40,457
The effects of ozone inhalation on the immunological response of selenium- and vitamin E-deprived rats
Eskew, ML; Scheuchenzuber, WJ; Scholz, RW; Reddy, CC; Zarkower, A
1,986
Deficiencies in vitamin E (E) or Se result in immune alterations, possibly due to reduction of antioxidant activity. Such reductions might greatly compromise the ability of the immune system to deal with additional oxidant stress, as encountered during exposure to air pollutants such as ozone (O3). To study possible in...
0
57,317
Density estimation for statistics and data analysis
Silverman, BW
1,986
null
0
37,610
Streams and lakes
Kramer, JR; Andren, AW; Smith, RA; Johnson, AH; Alexander, RB; Oehlert, G
1,986
null
0
56,773
Contaminacion: una amenaza para la vegetacion en Mexico
De Bauer, LI; Hernandez-Tejeda, T
1,986
null
0
43,770
Acid rain and ozone influence mycorrhizal infection in tree seedlings
Reich, PB; Schoettle, AW; Stroo, HF; Amundson, RG
1,986
null
0
43,122
Field chambers for assessing crop loss from air pollutants
Musselman, RC; Mccool, PM; Oshima, RJ; Teso, RR
1,986
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A new field fumigation facility has been developed for determining effects of air pollutants on crops. The permanent facility consists of closed-top, octagonal chambers 2.1 m tall by 2.5 m across. Each chamber is supplied with air via underground ducting from two centralized blowers, one c...
0
42,143
Determining crop yield losses from air pollutants
McCool, PM; Musselman, RC; Teso, RR; Oshima, RJ
1,986
null
0
4,287,205
Air quality criteria for ozone and other photochemical oxidants; Volume IV
null
1,986
null
0
43,526
Determination of a chemical basis of air-pollution stress in wood of mature white pine trees in the susceptive forest ecosystems
Pathak, SN; Love, DV; Roy, DN
1,986
null
0
22,380
Assessment of the costs of materials damage from air pollution in Los Angeles, California
Murray, DR; Atwater, MA; Yocom, JE
1,986
null
0
43,090
A dry deposition module for regional acid deposition
Sheih, CM; Wesely, ML; Walcek, CJ
1,986
Methods to compute surface dry deposition velocities for sulfur dioxide, NO2 , and nitric acid vapor over much of the North American continent have been developed for use with atmospheric numerical models of long-range transport and deposition. The resulting dry deposition module, actually a FORTRAN subroutine and a la...
0
52,950
White ash seedling growth response to ozone and simulated acid rain
Chappelka AH III; Chevone, BI
1,986
INTRODUCTION Ozone (O3) is considered the major phytotoxic pollutant in eastern North America (30) and has been reported as causing significant adverse effects on plant growth and productivity, even in the absence of visible foliar injury (8, 9). Increases in rainfall acidity as a result of the wet deposition of sulf...
0
40,385
The combination of ozone and silica on the development of pulmonary fibrosis
Shiotsuka, RN; Yermakoff, JK; Osheroff, MR; Drew, RT
1,986
The biologic interactions of potentially fibrogenic agents commonly occurring as environmental pollutants remain to be rigorously characterized. Two agents that produce pulmonary fibrosis were selected for this study. Separate groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with 0, 2, 12, and 50 mg si...
0
35,582
Direct measurements of nitrogen oxides and ozone fluxes over grassland
Delany, AC; Fitzjarrald, DR; Lenschow, DH; Pearson, R, Jr; Wendel, GJ; Woodruff, B
1,986
null
0
40,811
[Effects of exposure to ozone or nitrogen dioxide on cellular immunity in mice]
Fujimaki, H; Shiraishi, F; Ashikawa, T; Murakami, M
1,986
null
0
19,142
Environmental pollution and tree growth Part II Factors affecting responses to pollution and alleviation of pollution effects
Kozlowski, TT; Constantinidou, HA
1,986
null
0
22,134
Atmospheric chemical compounds: Sources, occurrence, and bioassay
Graedel, TE; Hawkins, DT; Claxton, LD
1,986
null
0
34,983
Subacute effects of nitrogen dioxide on membrane constituents of lung, liver, and kidney of rats
Takahashi, Y; Mochitate, K; Miura, T
1,986
Male Wistar rats were exposed to 0.4, 1.2, and 4.0 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for up to 14 weeks to examine subacute effects of NO2 on membrane constituents of lung, liver, and kidney. In the lung, cytochrome P-450 decreased to 59% (P < 0.01) and 57% (P < 0.01) of the control values after 1 and 10 weeks of exposure to ...
0
5,597,956
Oncogenic response of strain A/J mice to inhaled chemicals
Adkins, B; Van, SEW; Simmons, JE; Eustis, SL
1,986
Strain a/j mice were exposed by inhalation for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week, for six months to carbon disulfide, 1,2-dibromoethane, ethylene oxide, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, or vinyl chloride. Significant increases in pulmonary adenoma formation were observed following exposure to 300 ppm carbon disulfide; 20 and 50 p...
0
36,935
Nutrient enrichment studies in a coastal plain estuary: phytoplankton growth in large-scale, continuous cultures
D'Elia, CF; Sanders, JG; Boynton, WR
1,986
null
0
40,383
O3-induced change in bronchial reactivity to methacholine and airway inflammation in humans
Seltzer, J; Bigby, BG; Stulbarg, M; Holtzman, MJ; Nadel, JA; Ueki, IF; Leikauf, GD; Goetzl, EJ; Boushey, HA
1,986
The increase in airway responsiveness induced by O3 exposure in dogs is associated with airway epithelial inflammation, as evidenced by an increase in the number of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) found in epithelial biopsies and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. We investigated in 10 healthy, human subjects ...
1
11,683
National air pollutant emission estimates, 1940-1984
null
1,986
null
0
43,272
Cryogenic preconcentration-direct FID method for measurement of ambient NMOC: refinement and comparison with GC speciation
McElroy, FF; Thompson, VL; Holland, DM; Lonneman, WA; Seila, RL
1,986
null
0
43,405
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the atmosphere at Simcoe, Canada
Corkum, R; Giesbrecht, WW; Bardsley, T; Cherniak, EA
1,986
null
0
21,827
The design considerations for ozone and acid aerosol exposure and health investigations: the Fairview Lake summer camp-photochemical smog case study
Lioy, PJ; Spector, D; Thurston, G; Citak, K; Lippmann, M; Bock, N; Speizer, F; Hayes, C
1,986
null
0
91,559
Responses of five species of conifer seedlings to aluminum stress
Hutchinson, TC; Bozic, L; Munoz-Vega, G
1,986
Seedlings of red, white, and black spruce, and white and Jack pine were tested for their responses to a range of aluminum concentrations, when grown for 12-14 weeks in sand culture in a greehouse. All and phosphorus concentrations, localization of AL and P in Jack pine roots, and extractable AL in Northern Ontario soil...
0
42,220
Transport of macromolecules and particles at target sites for deposition of air pollutants
Crocker, TT; Bhalla, DK
1,986
This study analyzed rats' nasal, tracheal and bronchoalveolar epithelial permeability to macromolecules after they were exposed, in 2- or 4-hour periods of rest or exercise, to ozone (O3) (0.6, 0.8 or 2 ppm), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (2.5, 6 or 12 ppm) or formaldehyde (10 ppm). Exercise was performed on a treadmill opera...
0
92,008
Neutralization of atmospheric acidity by chemical weathering in an alpine drainage basin in the North Cascade Mountains
Drever, JI; Hurcomb, DR
1,986
null
0
40,442
Effects of 05 ppm ozone on glycoprotein secretion, ion and water fluxes in sheep trachea
Phipps, RJ; Denas, SM; Sielczak, MW; Wanner, A
1,986
null
0
42,582
Rural ozone concentrations in Alberta, Canada
Angle, RP; Sandhu, HS
1,986
null
0
36,097
Factors controlling the growth form of Spartina alterniflora: Feedbacks between above-ground production, sediment oxidation, nitrogen and salinity
Howes, BL; Dacey, JWH; Goehringer, DD
1,986
(1) The relationship between above-ground biomass of Spartina alterniflora and sediment oxidation status (Eh), available ammonium concentration and interstitial salinity was investigated at twenty-one sites in a New England salt marsh. Sediment Eh gave the best prediction of above-ground biomass. The relationship betwe...
0
72,677
Effects of ambient sulfur oxides and suspended particles on respiratory health of preadolescent children
Ware, JH; Ferris, BG, Jr; Dockery, DW; Spengler, JD; Stram, DO; Speizer, FE
1,986
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Electric Power Research Institute. #Reported here are the results from an ongoing study of outdoor air pollution and respiratory health of children living In six cities in the eastern and midwestern United States. The study enrol...
0
34,977
Toxicity of ozone and nitrogen dioxide to alveolar macrophages: comparative study revealing differences in their mechanism of toxic action
Rietjens, IMCM; Poelen, MCM; Hempenius, RA; Gijbels, MJJ; Alink, GM
1,986
The toxicity of ozone and nitrogen dioxide is generally ascribed to their oxidative potential. In this study their toxic mechanism of action was compared using an intact cell model. Rat alveolar macrophages were exposed by means of gas diffusion through a Teflon film. In this in vitro system, ozone appeared to be 10 ti...
0
40,805
Thymus and pulmonary lymph node response to acute and subchronic ozone inhalation in the mouse
Dziedzic, D; White, HJ
1,986
Ozone is an oxidant gas which primarily injures the centroacinar portion of the lung. While the classical lesion of oxidant-mediated lung damage is relatively well described, the effect of this form of injury on the lymphocytic arm of the pulmonary defense system is less clear. In the present experiments we exposed CD-...
0
34,974
Influence of exposure regimen on nitrogen dioxide-induced morphological changes in the rat lung
Rombout, PJ; Dormans, JA; Marra, M; Van Esch, GJ
1,986
#Experiments were performed to study the influence of concentration, exposure pattern, and length of exposure on the degree and extent of morphological alterations in the NO2-exposed rat lung. Four weeks of continuous exposure to 20 mg NO2/m3 consecutively revealed damage and loss of cilia, replacement of desquamated t...
0
40,871
Effect of 064 ppm ozone on alveolar macrophage lysozyme levels in rats with chronic pulmonary bacterial infection
Sherwood, RL; Lippert, WE; Goldstein, E
1,986
A rat model of chronic pulmonary infection (CPI) initiated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa embedded in agar beads was used to test the effect of ozone on lysosomal enzyme levels in alveolar macrophages (AM). CPI was induced by intratracheal instillation of a 0.1-ml suspension of infected beads into the left lung. Ten days af...
0
46,944
Large airway size, lung size, and maximal expiratory flow in healthy nonsmokers
Collins, DV; Cutillo, AG; Armstrong, JD; Crapo, RO; Kanner, RE; Tocino, I; Renzetti, AD, Jr
1,986
It has been postulated that airway size and lung size may be dissociated because of developmental differences between the tracheobronchial tree and the pulmonary parenchyma (dysanapsis). To test this hypothesis, we compared measurements of airway size (diameters, cross-sectional area, length and volume of the trachea, ...
0
40,496
The responsiveness of airway smooth muscle in vitro from dogs with airway hyper-responsiveness in vivo
Walters, EH; O'Byrne, PM; Graf, PD; Fabbri, LM; Nadel, JA
1,986
To determine whether smooth muscle from airways made hyper-responsive by ozone exposure is hyper-responsive in vitro, tracheal smooth muscle strips taken from five dogs with airway hyper-responsiveness induced by ozone exposure were compared with strips from five control animals. On 1 day, airway responsiveness was ass...
0
21,503
Indirect health effects of relative humidity in indoor environments
Arundel, AV; Sterling, EM; Biggin, JH; Sterling, TD
1,986
A review of the health effects of relative humidity in indoor environments suggests that relative humidity can affect the incidence of respiratory infections and allergies. Experimental studies on airborne-transmitted infectious bacteria and viruses have shown that the survival or infectivity of these organisms is mini...
0
40,465
Impaired exercise performance and pulmonary function in elite cyclists during low-level ozone exposure in a hot environment
Gong, H, Jr; Bradley, PW; Simmons, MS; Tashkin, DP
1,986
We evaluated the effects of low concentrations of ozone on the exercise performance and pulmonary function of 17 top-caliber endurance cyclists under conditions simulating competition and realistic temperature (31 degrees C). Each subject was randomly exposed to filtered air (FA), 0.12 and 0.20 ppm O3 on separate days ...
1
40,448
Ozone enhancement of platinum asthma in a primate model
Biagini, RE; Moorman, WJ; Lewis, TR; Bernstein, IL
1,986
Three groups of adult male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were exposed to either 200 micrograms/m3 ammonium hexachloroplatinate [(NH4)2PtCl6], 200 micrograms (NH4)2PtCl6 concurrently with 1 ppm ozone (O3), or to 1 ppm O3 only. The animals were exposed by inhalation for 6 h per day, 5 days per week for 12 wk. ...
0
72,701
Synergistic interaction of ozone and respirable aerosols on rat lungs I Importance of aerosol acidity
Last, JA; Hyde, DM; Guth, DJ; Warren, DL
1,986
A synergistic interaction, as defined by biochemical and morphological criteria, between ozone (or NO2) and respirable aerosols of ammonium sulfate or sulfuric acid has been described previously. Experiments in the present paper show that it is the acidity, not the sulfate content, of the aerosol that is responsible fo...
0
40,463
Effects of ozone exposure on four consecutive days on work performance and VO2max
Foxcroft, WJ; Adams, WC
1,986
null
1
40,495
Ozone-induced elevation of creatine kinase activity in blood plasma of rats
Veninga, TS; Fidler, V
1,986
Rats exposed to three different low concentrations of ozone for 2 hr show alterations in blood plasma activity comparable to those previously observed in mice. The reactions are explained as compensatory, possibly being involved in the initial phase of adaptation development.
0
40,351
Reduced exercise time in competitive simulations consequent to low level ozone exposure
Schelegle, ES; Adams, WC
1,986
educed exercise time in competitive simulations consequent to low level ozone exposure. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 408-414, 1986. Ten highly trained endurance athletes were studied to determine the effects of exposure to low ozone (O3) concentrations on simulated competitive endurance performance and ...
1
40,472
Species comparison of acute inhalation toxicity of ozone and phosgene
Hatch, GE; Slade, R; Stead, AG; Graham, JA
1,986
A comparison of the concentration-response effects of inhaled ozone (O3) and phosgene (COCl2) in different species of laboratory animals was made in order to better understand the influence of the choice of species in inhalation toxicity studies. The effect of 4-h exposures to ozone at concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 1, an...
1
40,484
Surface-tension measurements of pulmonary lavage from ozone-exposed rats
Nachtman, JP; Hajratwala, BR; Moon, HL; Gross, KB; Wright, ES
1,986
null
0
40,449
Ozone acts alone and synergistically with ionizing radiation to induce in vitro neoplastic transformation
Borek, C; Zaider, M; Ong, A; Mason, H; Witz, G
1,986
Ozone, a major chemical oxidant in the atmosphere, is an environmental air pollutant whose ability to act as a direct carcinogen is unclear Using in vitro transformation, a technique which permits the study of oncogenesis in the absence of host specific effects, we report for the first time that ozone (5 p.p.m. for 5 m...
0
40,416
Prevalence of bronchial reactivity to inhaled methacholine in New Zealand children
Sears, MR; Jones, DT; Holdaway, MD; Hewitt, CJ; Flannery, EM; Herbison, GP; Silva, PA
1,986
The prevalence of bronchial hyperreactivity to inhaled methacholine and of a clinical history of symptoms of asthma was determined in a birth cohort of 9 year old New Zealand children. A history of current or previous recurrent wheezing was obtained in 220 of8l 5 children. Of 800 who had spirometric tests, 27(3.4%) had...
0
40,395
Activity changes of pulmonary macrophages after in vivo exposure to ozone as demonstrated by cell adherence
Veninga, TS; Evelyn, P
1,986
Macrophages obtained by lavage from the lungs of rats exposed to 0.1 or 0.2 mg/m3 (0.05 or 0.10 ppm) ozone (O3) for 16 h show increased activity as measured in vitro by cell adherence to nylon fiber. A difference in adherence is noticed between macrophages occurring in first or second lung washings. The latter are less...
0
34,916
The effect of lung alpha-tocopherol content on the acute toxicity of nitrogen dioxide
Guth, DJ; Mavis, RD
1,986
The effect of lung vitamin E content on early direct damage to lung by NO2 was studied by exposing three groups of rats differing in lung vitamin E content to 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 ppm NO2 for 4 hr. Lung vitamin E contents of 3.24, 17.4, and 87.7 micrograms/lung were obtained by maintaining animals on semipurified diet...
0
56,557
Longitudinal changes in forced expiratory volume in one second in adults Methodologic considerations and findings in healthy nonsmokers
Burrows, B; Lebowitz, MD; Camilli AE Knudson, RJ
1,986
SUMMARY Longitudinal changes in FEV1 (AFEV1) have been examined in a sample of the general population of Tucson, Arizona. Adults with satisfactory spirometric tests in all 7 surveys performed over a period of 11 yr showed some between-survey differences in mean FEV1. Although small in absolute magnitude, such survey b...
0
40,466
Comparative sensitivity of measurements of lung damage made by bronchoalveolar lavage after short-term exposure of rats to ozone
Guth, DJ; Warren, DL; Last, JA
1,986
Consequences of exposure of rats for 2 days or less to O3 at various concentrations between 0.12 and 0.96 ppm were measured using several assays performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Changes in apparent lung permeability were assessed by measurement of recovery of labelled bovine serum albumin in lung lavage fluid...
0
40,454
Early alveolar clearance of particles in rabbits undergoing acute and subchronic exposure to ozone
Driscoll, KE; Vollmuth, TA; Schlesinger, RB
1,986
The concentration-response relationship for changes in early alveolar clearance resulting from O3 inhalation were investigated. Groups of five rabbits were exposed to 0, 0.1, 0.6, or 1.2 ppm O3, 2 hr/day ? 1 day; or to 0, 0.1, or 0.6 ppm O3, 2 hr/day ? 13 days. Following the initial O3 exposure all rabbits inhaled an a...
0
40,481
A dose-response study of healthy, heavily exercising men exposed to ozone at concentrations near the ambient air quality standard
Linn, WS; Avol, EL; Shamoo, DA; Spier, CE; Valencia, LM; Venet, TG; Fischer, DA; Hackney, JD
1,986
Twenty-four healthy, well-conditioned young adult male volunteers, free of asthma or clinical respiratory allergies, were exposed to purified air containing ozone (O3) at 0.16, 0.14, 0.12, 0.10, 0.08, and 0.00 part per million (ppm). Exposures were separated by 2-week intervals, occurred in random order, and lasted 2 h...
1
72,866
Effects of ozone and sulfuric acid aerosol on gas trapping in the guinea pig lung
Silbaugh, SA; Mauderly, JL
1,986
Four groups of 20 guinea pigs were sequentially exposed by inhalation to either air followed by sulfuric acid aerosol, ozone followed by sulfuric acid aerosol, ozone followed by air, or air followed by air to determine whether ozone preexposure sensitizes guinea pigs to the airway constrictive effects of sulfuric acid ...
0
43,532
Ozone-induced ethylene release from leaf surfaces
Rodecap, KD; Tingey, DT
1,986
null
0
37,713
Effects of ammonium nitrate aerosol exposure on lung structure of normal and elastase-impaired rats and guinea pigs
Busch, RH; Buschbom, RL; Cannon, WC; Lauhala, KE; Miller, FJ; Graham, JA; Smith, LG
1,986
Groups of rats and guinea pigs with normal lungs and others with elastase-induced emphysema were exposed to NH4NO3 aerosols of 0.60 mass median aerodynamic diameter at 1 mg/m3 for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 4 weeks. Morphologic and morphometric studies were performed on lungs perfused with cacodylate-buffered 2% glutar...
0
42,581
The role of nitrogen oxides in nonurban ozone formation in the planetary boundary layer over N America, W Europe and adjacent areas of ocean
Altshuller, AP
1,986
null
0
42,583
Surface ozone during the second half of the nineteenth century
Bojkov, RD
1,986
During the last few years, increases in tropospheric ozone concentration have been detected and the need for more study has been recognized. There is very little knowledge about surface ozone background concentrations prior to the advent of widespread gasoline combustion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to uncover...
0
35,402
Calibration of peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements with an NOx analyzer
Joos, LF; Landolt, WF; Leuenberger, H
1,986
null
0
43,115
A two-way interactive nesting procedure with variable terrain resolution
Zhang, DL; Chang, HR; Seaman, NL; Warner, TT; Fritsch, JM
1,986
null
0
40,982
Background ozone and anthropogenic ozone enhancement at Niwot Ridge, Colorado
Parrish, DD; Fahey, DW; Williams, EJ; Liu, SC; Trainer, M; Murphy, PC; Albritton, DL; Fehsenfeld, FC
1,986
null
0
41,578
Measurement of local mass transfer coefficients in a cast model of the human upper respiratory tract
Hanna, LM; Scherer, PW
1,986
Local mass transfer coefficients measured using the naphthalene sublimation technique in an acrylic cast model of the human upper respiratory tract are reported as the Sherwood numbersfor the corresponding regions. A steady airflow rate of12 L per min was used for all measurements. Values of the Sherwood number are see...
0
40,441
Effect of ozone on mean linear intercept in the lung of young beagles
Phalen, RF; Crocker, TT; Mcclure, TR; Tyler, NK
1,986
Although photochemical air pollutants are believed to be associated with respiratory illness, there is also a need to consider their possible effects on postnatal lung maturation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the maturation of lungs of young beagle dogs might be altered by an inhalation exposure t...
0
40,423
Effects of peroxyacetyl nitrate alone and in combination with ozone in healthy young women
Horvath, SM; Bedi, JF; Drechsler-Parks, DM
1,986
null
0
40,390
Determinants of behavioral response with ozone exposure
Tepper, JS; Weiss, B
1,986
Three separate experiments were performed to evaluate how the topography of a behavioral response and its consequences influence the behavioral effects produced by ozone (O3) exposure. The first experiment measured the responding of food-deprived rats working to obtain intermittent delivery of small pellets of food by ...
0
34,747
Effects of subchronic inhalation of low concentrations of nitrogen dioxide: I. The proximal alveolar region of juvenile and adult rats
Chang, LY; Graham, JA; Miller, FJ; Ospital, JJ; Crapo, JD
1,986
Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) produces injury to the epithelium of terminal airways and the alveoli proximal to the airways. Techniques were devised to isolate alveolar tissue from this region for morphometric studies to define the extent of alveolar septal injury caused by NO2. One-day-old and six-week-old rats...
0
38,760
Air pollution in a convective boundary layer
Sun, WY
1,986
null
0
40,419
Pulmonary functional and morphological changes induced by a 4-week exposure to 07 ppm ozone followed by a 9-week recovery period
Gross, KB; White, HJ
1,986
Male Fischer-344 rats (control, C = 12; experimental, E = 11) were subjected to pulmonary-function testing procedures. The experimental group was then exposed to 0.7 ppm ozone for 28 d, 20 h/d, and both groups were tested at the termination of the exposure and after 4 and 9 wk of recovery in clean filtered air. Another...
0
34,750
Nitrogen dioxide exposure and lung antioxidants in ascorbic acid-deficient guinea pigs
Hatch, GE; Slade, R; Selgrade, MK; Stead, AG
1,986
We have previously found that ascorbic acid (AA) deficiency in guinea pigs enhances the pulmonary toxicity of nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The present study showed that exposure to NO2 (4.8 ppm, 3 hr) significantly increased lung lavage fluid protein (a sensitive indicator of pulmonary edema) only in guinea pigs fed rabbit ...
0
40,386
Induction of sister-chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster V79 cells by exposure to the photochemical reaction products of toluene plus NO2 in the gas phase
Shiraishi, F; Hashimoto, S; Bandow, H
1,986
A study was made on the induction of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in cultured Chinese hamster V79 cells exposed to the photochemical reaction products of toluene plus NO2 in the gas phase. The photochemical reaction products of toluene plus NO2 were obtained by photochemical reaction of a toluene--NO2/dry air syste...
0
91,752
The acid-base balance of peatlands: a short-term perspective
Urban, NR; Bayley, SE
1,986
null
0
40,400
Overview of the risk of respiratory cancer from airborne contaminants
Speizer, FE
1,986
This overview on defining risk of respiratory cancer from airborne pollutants summarizes broad issues related to a number of the environmental agents that are discussed in the articles that follow. Lung cancer kills more than 100,000 people annually and is the major form of cancer in both sexes in middle age. Cigarette...
0
40,417
Ozone and the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in vivo
Goheen, SC; O'Rourke, L; Larkin, EC
1,986
null
0
41,668
Stress and acute respiratory infection
Graham, NMH; Douglas, RM; Ryan, P
1,986
null
0
40,401
Impairment of tracheal mucociliary clearance but not ciliary beat frequency by a combination of low level ozone and sulfur dioxide in sheep
Abraham, WM; Sielczak, MW; Delehunt, JC; Marchette, B; Wanner, A
1,986
We used conscious sheep to determine the effect of a combined exposure to ozone (O3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on tracheal mucus velocity (TMV) and ciliary beat frequency (CBF). TMV was measured in vivo by tracking the movement of radiopaque particles which had been deposited on the tracheal mucosa. CBF of tracheal epit...
0
19,277
The characterization of ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide for selected monitoring sites in the Federal Republic of Germany
Lefohn, AS; Mohnen, VA
1,986
Ambient ozone, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide data collected at 11 rural gaseous air pollution monitoring stations located throughout the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) were characterized to provide a basis for investigating the effect these air pollutants may have on forest decline. For any given year, with t...
0
40,433
Effect of ozone and histamine on airway permeability to horseradish peroxidase in guinea pigs
Miller, PD; Gordon, T; Warnick, M; Amdur, MO
1,986
Airway permeability was studied in groups of male guinea pigs at 2, 8, and 24 h after a 1-h exposure to 1 ppm ozone or at 2 h after a 1-h exposure to filtered air (control). Intratracheal administration of 2 mg horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was followed by blood sampling at 5-min intervals up to 30 min. The rate of appe...
0
39,760
Persistence of the acute effects of ozone exposure
Folinsbee, LJ; Horvath, SM
1,986
Reexposure to ozone 24 h after an initial exposure results in greater decreases in forced expiratory tests of lung function following the second exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether this hyperresponsiveness was present earlier than 24 h or persisted beyond 24 h. Four groups of subjects (n = 6,6,...
0
42,132
Evaluation of growth and yield of soybean exposed to ozone in the field
Kohut, RJ; Amundson, RG; Laurence, JA
1,986
null
0
40,487
Airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness
O'Byrne, PM
1,986
null
0
72,872
Synergistic interaction of ozone and respirable aerosols on rat lungs: II synergy between ammonium sulfate aerosol and various concentrations of ozone
Warren, DL; Guth, DJ; Last, JA
1,986
Pulmonary responses after continuous exposure of rats to concentrations of ozone (O3) ranging from 0.12 to 0.64 ppm were quantified by measuring tissue collagen synthesis rate, tissue protein and DNA content, and various constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. After 7 days of exposure to 0.64 ppm of O3, lung coll...
0
44,133
Transport of ozone between boundary layer and cloud layer by cumulus clouds
Greenhut, GK
1,986
null
0
40,854
[Effect of subacute exposure to ozone on IgE antibody production in mice]
Ozawa, M; Fujimaki, H; Shiraishi, F; Honda, Y; Murakami, M
1,986
null
0
40,846
Effects of exposure to 020 ppm ozone for six weeks on emphysematous rats
Nambu, Z; Yokoyama, E
1,986
null
0
40,881
Pulmonary effects in rats induced by prolonged exposure to a mixture of O3 and NO2
Terada, N; Mizoguchi, I; Kohno, T; Hayashi, Y
1,986
null
0
43,428
Automated fluorometric method for hydrogen peroxide in air
Lazrus, AL; Kok, GL; Lind, JA; Gitlin, SN; Heikes, BG; Shetter, RE
1,986
null
0