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52,786
Electron spin resonance evidence for the formation of free radicals in plants exposed to ozone
Mehlhorn, H; Tabner, BJ; Wellburn, AR
1,990
Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy was used to demonstrate that free radicals are formed in O3-fumigated plant leaves prior to the formation of visible leaf injury. ESR signals with a g-value of 2.0037 to 2.0043, were observed in pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Feltham first) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Pinto...
0
625,809
Malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid-reactivity as diagnostic indices of lipid peroxidation and peroxidative tissue injury
Janero, DR
1,990
Increasing appreciation of the causative role of oxidative injury in many disease states places great importance on the reliable assessment of lipid peroxidation. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of several low-molecular-weight end products formed via the decomposition of certain primary and secondary lipid peroxidation pr...
1
42,964
Stratospheric ozone depletion by chlorofluorocarbons
Rowland, FS
1,990
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW GREENHOUSE EFFECT
0
43,843
Fall exposure of beech saplings (Fagus sylvatica L) to ozone and simulated acid mist: effects on gas exchange and leachability
Leonardi, S; Langebartels, C
1,990
null
0
42,380
Ozone alters carbon allocation in loblolly pine: assessment with carbon-11 labeling
Spence, RD; Rykiel, EJ, Jr; Sharpe, PJH
1,990
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were exposed to 0.120 micromol mol(-1) (ppm) ozone for 7 h per day, 5 days per week for 12 weeks. No visible damage resulted from this regime. A short-lived radioisotope of carbon ((11)C) was used to characterize changes in plant physiology caused by ozone, the first time this t...
0
54,090
Measuring tropospheric HNO3: Problems and prospects for nylon filter and mist chamber techniques
Talbot, RW; Vijgen, AS; Harriss, RC
1,990
We performed a series of laboratory and field measurements to evaluate the mist chamber technique for determining tropospheric HNO3 concentrations. Both the mist chamber and standard Nylon filter techniques exhibit high collection efficiency and excellent agreement measuring HNO3 vapors from a permeation source. When ...
0
42,185
Nasal lavage as a tool in assessing acute inflammation in response to inhaled pollutants
Koren, HS; Hatch, GE; Graham, DE
1,990
The upper airway, especially the nose, is a major target of toxic damage. Nasal challenges followed by nasal lavage (NAL) have been applied to studies of hypersensitivity, in particular as a method to identify the allergen in patients with allergic situations such as rhinitis. The NAL method has not been extensively us...
0
43,258
Nonlinear regression for split plot experiments
Gumpertz, ML; Rawlings, JO
1,990
null
0
52,881
Role of ethylene under stress conditions
Wang, SY; Wang, CY; Wellburn, AR
1,990
INTRODUCTION Stimulation of ethylene production is a common response of plants to stress (Abeles, 1973; Burg, 1962; Pratt and Goeschl, 1969; Tingey, 1980; Yang and Pratt, 1978). Ethylene production is enhanced after exposure of plant tissues to low-temperature stress (Field, 1990; Wang, 1989), water stress (Ben-...
0
38,127
Chemoattractant and leukotriene B4 production from rat alveolar macrophages exposed to nitrogen dioxide
Robison, TW; Duncan, DP; Forman, HJ
1,990
The present study examined the hypothesis that exposure of alveolar macrophages to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) resulted in enhanced production of a lipophilic chemotactic agent for neutrophils, possibly leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Neutrophil migration was significantly increased in response to the reconstituted ethyl acetate ext...
0
42,197
Proliferative responses of rat nasal epithelia to ozone
Johnson, NF; Hotchkiss, JA; Harkema, JR; Henderson, RF
1,990
null
0
43,523
Differential sensitivity of stomata and mesophyll to sudden exposure of bean shoots to ozone
Moldau, H; Sober, J; Sober, A
1,990
null
0
38,858
Formaldehyde production in photochemical smog as predicted by three state-of-the-science chemical oxidant mechanisms
Dodge, MC
1,990
null
0
91,453
Estimating the public benefits of protecting forest quality
Walsh, RG; Bjonback, RD; Aiken, RA; Rosenthal, DH
1,990
null
0
43,576
Effects of ozone on growth of Triticum aestivum L at different light, air humidity, and CO2 levels
Mortensen, LM
1,990
null
0
42,341
Induction of DNA damage in cultured human lung cells by tobacco smoke arylamines exposed to ambient levels of ozone
Kozumbo, WJ; Agarwal, S
1,990
Ozone (O3) is a powerful oxidizing component of air pollution that may react with other air pollutants before or after inhalation. Because ozonized compounds can be mutagenic to bacteria, we examined whether ambient O3 levels can transform tobacco smoke arylamines into products that are genotoxic to human lung cells. T...
0
94,536
Dose concepts for inhaled vapors and gases
Dahl, AR
1,990
"Dose" for any toxicant is a shifting concept; thus, there is a frequent need for modifiers such as "administered" or "effective," when referring to dose. When applied to inhaled gases and vapors, "dose" is even more vague. The wide range of physicochemical properties associated with gases and vapors, the different tar...
0
37,387
Methacholine airway responsiveness decreases during exercise in asthmatic subjects
Inman, MD; Watson, RM; Killian, KJ; O'Byrne, PM
1,990
In many asthmatic subjects, bronchoconstriction develops 2 to 5 min after exercise, reaches a maximum at approximately 10 min, and declines over the next 60 min. However, bronchodilation is typically observed during and immediately after exercise. We measured the bronchoconstrictor responses to increasing concentration...
0
42,439
Lung injury in Fischer but not Sprague-Dawley rats after short-term hyperoxia
He, L; Chang, SW; de Montellano, PO; Burke;
1,990
null
0
42,322
Dose-response relationship of ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in unanesthetized guinea pigs
Nishikawa, M; Suzuki, S; Ikeda, H; Fukuda, T; Suzuki, J; Okubo, T
1,990
The effect of ozone dose (the product of ozone concentration and exposure time) on airway responsiveness was examined in unanesthetized, spontaneously breathing guinea pigs. Airway responsiveness was assessed by measuring specific airway resistance (sRaw) as a function of increasing concentration of inhaled methacholin...
0
53,957
Depletion of lower tropospheric ozone during Arctic spring: The Polar Sunrise Experiment 1988
Bottenheim, JW; Barrie, LA; Atlas, E; Heidt, LE; Niki, H; Rasmussen, RA; Shepson, PB
1,990
National Science Foundation; Atmospheric Environment Service--Canada. Results are presented from the 2-month Polar Sunrise Experiment 1988, which was undertaken to further investigate the cause of ozone destruction during spring in the lower Arctic atmosphere. A strong anticorrelation between the decrease in ozone and ...
0
91,129
Comparison of indoor and outdoor concentrations of acid gases, ammonia and their associated salts
Li, YQ; Harrison, RM
1,990
null
0
43,413
Southern California air quality study: peroxyacetyl nitrate
Williams EL, II; Grosjean, D
1,990
null
0
37,726
An intercomparison of airborne nitric oxide measurements: a second opportunity
Gregory, GL; Hoell, JM, Jr; Torres, AL; Carroll, MA; Ridley, BA; Rodgers, MO; Bradshaw, J; Sandholm, S; Davis, DD
1,990
null
0
4,002,876
NAPAP assessment process compendium Volume 7: Acidic Deposition: State of Science and Technology. Report on the NAPAP International Conference. Held in Hilton Head, South Carolina on February 11-16, 1990.
null
1,990
The report is a summary of issues raised as a result of the NAPAP International Conference held at Hilton Head, South Carolina on 11-16 February 1990. The Conference was sponsored by NAPAP to provide a forum for the presentation and critical review of the public review drafts of the SOS/T Reports. The report summarizes...
0
43,224
`Valencia' orange fruit yield with ambient oxidant or sulfur dioxide exposures
Olszyk, DM; Kats, G; Morrison, CL; Dawson, PJ; Gocka, I; Wolf, J; Thompson, CR
1,990
Three-year-old `Valencia? orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] trees were exposed to air pollutants for 4 years in open-top field chambers to determine the chronic effects of ambient oxidants (primarily ozone) or sulfur dioxide (SO2) on fruit yield and quality and tree growth. Ozone concentrations averaged 0.012,0.040,...
0
38,800
Reaction of monoterpenes with ozone, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide--gas-phase oxidation of SO2 and formation of sulphuric acid
Kotzias, D; Fytainos, K; Giess, F
1,990
null
0
4,320
Formaldehyde toxicity -- new understanding
Heck, H; Casanova, M; Starr, TB
1,990
INTRO.Formaldehyde is one of the most important products of the chemical industry, ranking 23rd in volume of production (6.73 x 109 lb/yr; 3.05 x 106 mt/yr)1 among commodity chemicals manufactured in the U.S. It is used in the manufacture of resins, particle board and plywood, textiles, leather goods, paper, and pharma...
0
42,475
Modulation of neurogenic inflammation in rat trachea
Norris, AA; Leeson, ME; Jackson, DM; Holroyde, MC
1,990
null
0
42,974
A product study of the gas-phase reaction of methacrolein with the OH radical in the presence of NOx
Tuazon, EC; Atkinson, R
1,990
null
0
42,450
Akute Auswirkungen der naturlichen atmospharischen Ozonbelastung auf die Lungenfunktion von klinisch gesunden Rauchern und Nichtrauchern [Acute effect of ambient ozone exposure on lung function in healthy smokers and nonsmokers]
Keller, R; Baltzer, P; Keller-Wossidlo, H; Gamp, R; Ragaz, A; Schaub, T
1,990
null
0
43,795
Growth and water-use efficiency of shortleaf pine as affected by ozone and acid rain
Boutton, TW; Flagler, RB
1,990
null
0
37,741
Rapid loss of particulate nitrate, chloride and ammonium on quartz fiber filters during storage
Witz, S; Eden, RW; Wadley, MW; Dunwoody, C; Papa, R; Torre, KJ
1,990
BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The loss of particulate ammonium, nitrate, and chloride during storage of samples collected using PM-10 and standard high volume samplers in the Los Angeles Basin on filters of varying alkalinity, was investigated. For PM-10 samples collected on Whatman QM-A quartz fiber filters (av. filte...
0
42,507
Chronic lung injury risk assessment for ozone
Wallsten, TS; Richmond, HM; Whitfield, RG; Rosenbaum, AS; Hayes, SR; Winkler, RL
1,990
null
0
42,317
In vitro transcription assay of ozonated T7 phage DNA
Mura, C; Chung, YS
1,990
null
0
42,982
Scientific assessment of stratospheric ozone: 1989 Volume II Appendix: AFEAS report
null
1,990
null
0
734,039
Clearance and recycling of pulmonary surfactant
Wright, JR
1,990
In a steady state the rate of secretion of pulmonary surfactant lipids and proteins into the alveolar airspace must be balanced by the rate of removal. Several potential pathways for clearance have been identified including uptake by alveolar type II cells, which also synthesize and secrete surfactant components, uptak...
0
39,527
Cytokines of the lung
Kelley, J
1,990
Communication between cells determines the steady-state composition of the lung in health and becomes a critical determinant of outcome in pathologic processes resulting in anatomic remodeling. This review presents the evolving concepts of the biology of cytokines (also known as peptide growth factors or biological res...
0
42,287
Effect of ozone inhalation on the response to nasal challenge with antigen of allergic subjects
Bascom, R; Naclerio, RM; Fitzgerald, TK; Kagey-Sobotka, A; Proud, D
1,990
The effect of oxidant inhalation on allergic illness is of interest because allergic patients often report increased respiratory symptoms during episodes of poor air quality, and epidemiologic studies demonstrate an association between increased levels of the air pollutant ozone and exacerbations of asthma. The purpose...
0
42,343
Pulmonary arachidonic acid metabolism following acute exposures to ozone and nitrogen dioxide
Schlesinger, RB; Driscoll, KE; Gunnison, AF; Zelikoff, JT
1,990
Ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are common air pollutants, and exposure to these gases has been shown to affect pulmonary physiology, biochemistry and structure. This study examined their ability to modulate arachidonic acid metabolites (eicosanoids) in the lungs. Rabbits were exposed for 2 h to O3 at 0.1, 0.3, o...
0
43,500
Seasonal changes in antioxidants in red spruce as affected by ozone
Hausladen, A; Madamanchi, NR; Fellows, S; Alscher, RG; Amundson, RG
1,990
Two-year-old red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) seedlings were exposed to various levels of ozone, from 0.4 to 3 times ambient levels, in open-top chambers in Ithaca, NY, USA. Exposures, which varied with changes in day length, were from 30 May to 16 December 1987 and 1 June to 1 December, 1988. During the second exposure...
0
94,072
Impact of ozone on growth of peach, apricot, and almond
Mccool, PM; Musselman, RC
1,990
null
0
43,629
Global climate change and US agriculture
Adams, RM; Rosenzweig, C; Peart, RM; Ritchie, JT; McCarl, BA; Glyer, JD; Curry, RB; Jones, JW; Boote, KJ; Allen, LH, Jr
1,990
null
0
91,923
Effects of ammonia, ammonium sulphate and sulphur dioxide on the frost sensitivity of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L)
Dueck, TA; Dorel, FG; Ter Horst, R; Van der Eerden, LJM
1,990
The deterioration of forest vitality has been at least partly attributed to air pollution. Especially NH3, originating from intensive livestock farming and locally deposited in high concentrations, may contribute to forest decline in The Netherlands. Therefore, the effect of NH3 and SO2 fumigations on cold stress and...
0
42,499
Effects of ozone exposure on experimental asthma in guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin through the airway
Sumitomo, M; Nishikawa, M; Fukuda, T; Kaneko, T; Ikeda, H; Suzuki, S; Okubo, T
1,990
As ozone (O3) is known to cause airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, we examined the effects of O3 exposure (1, 3, or 5 ppm, 2 h) on sensitization and provocation in guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin (OA) through the airway. In groups exposed to O3 before sensitization, 5 ppm increased the production of IgG...
0
42,591
London-wide ozone monitoring programme: summary of results for 1989
null
1,990
null
0
92,480
Granite weathering and the sensitivity of alpine lakes to acid deposition
Stauffer, RE
1,990
Lake chemical data from the National Surface Water Survey (NSWS) were corrected for the effects of regional atmospheric deposition and then used to evaluate the role of weathering in supplying base cations, silica, sulfate, and alkalinity to surface waters in alpine vs. subalpine, and in glaciated vs. unglaciated grani...
0
67,947
[Letter to G Foureman concerning enclosure of Kawano, 1980 translated articles]
Gan, KN
1,990
null
0
682
Sunlight and breast cancer incidence in the USSR
Gorham, ED; Garland, FC; Garland, CF
1,990
Epidemiological and laboratory evidence suggest that vitamin D may play a role in reducing risk of breast cancer. Lack of exposure to ultraviolet sunlight can increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and may place some populations at higher risk of breast cancer. The association between total average annual sun...
0
45,615
Hydrogen peroxide and ozone over the northeastern United States in June 1987
Van Valin, CC; Luria, M; Ray, JD; Boatman, JF
1,990
null
0
91,749
Interrelationships between mercury levels in yearling yellow perch, fish condition and water quality
Suns, K; Hitchin, G
1,990
Yearling yellow perch were collected from sixteen Muskoka-Haliburton lakes in Ontario to determine interrelationships between water quality, Hg residues in fish, and fish condition. The lakes studied were Precambrian shield lakes with a pH range of 5.6 to 7.3 and total inflection point alkalinities of 0.4 to 16.0 mg/L....
0
42,311
Effect of ozone on the postnatal development of lamb mucociliary apparatus
Mariassy, AT; Abraham, WM; Phipps, RJ; Sielczak, MW; Wanner, A
1,990
We determined whether exposure to O3 early in the postnatal period impairs the normal development of the mucociliary apparatus in lambs and whether such changes lead to prolonged abnormalities in mucociliary function. Lambs were exposed to air (controls) or to 1 ppm O3 for 4 h/day for 5 days during the 1st wk of life. ...
1
43,123
Growth of five families of Pinus taeda L during three years of ozone exposure
Adams, MB; Kelly, JM; Taylor, GE, Jr; Edwards, NT
1,990
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings of five half-sib families were grown for 3 yr in the field in open-top chambers. The seedlings were fumigated during the growing seasons (approximately April-October) with ozone at the following target levels: subambient (CF), ambient (AMB), and ambient+60 ppb (AMB+). At the end...
0
43,808
The control of ozone uptake by Picea abies (L) Karst and P sitchensis (Bong) Carr during drought and interacting effects on shoot water relations
Dobson, MC; Taylor, G; Freer-Smith, PH
1,990
Exposure to O3 alone has not yet been shown to reproduce the symptoms of the various types of spruce decline which have been identified in Europe. However, there is increasing evidence that this pollutant has physiological effects which interact with those of other environmental factors in ways which may be important i...
0
28,098
Respiratory effects of pollution
Philip-Joet, F
1,990
Atmospheric pollution is increasingly responsible for chronic airway disease. Although outdoor pollution has decreased somewhat in recent years, indoor pollution has increased. Outdoor pollution results essentially from the combustion of coal and other fuels used for heating, industrial production and motor vehicles. T...
0
625,835
A series of prostaglandin F2-like compounds are produced in vivo in humans by a non-cyclooxygenase, free radical-catalyzed mechanism
Morrow, JD; Hill, KE; Burk, RF; Nammour, TM; Badr, KF; Roberts, LJ, 2nd
1,990
Increasing attention has focused on the role of free radicals derived from oxygen in the pathophysiology of a wide variety of disorders. One of the well-recognized targets of free radical-induced injury is peroxidation of lipids. Using a variety of approaches, we have found that a series of prostaglandin F2-like compou...
1
670,386
Acute health effects of transported air pollution: A study of children attending a residential summer camp
Burnett, R; Raizenne, M; Krewski, D
1,990
Sulphur dioxide was very low throughout the study period, with the highest hourly value reaching only 8.9 ppb. Sulphuric acid concentrations were usually below the detectable limit of 2 ?g/m3. The highest hourly concentrations of 5 ?g/m3 were attained on days of relatively low sulphur concentrations. Due to the low con...
1
42,338
Guinea pig ozone-induced airway hyperreactivity is associated with increased N-acetyl-"beta"-D-glucosaminidase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Lew, DB; Chodimella, V; Murlas, CG
1,990
High level ozone exposure is known to cause acute, neutrophil-independent airway hyperreactivity in the guinea pig. The precise biochemical mechanisms involved remain unclear. Because of its potential pathophysiologic importance, we examined whether a lysosomal hydrolase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAGA) was rele...
0
42,264
Effects of ozone, hexachlorobenzene, and bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide on natural killer activity in the rat lung
Van Loveren, H; Krajnc, EI; Rombout, PJ; Blommaert, FA; Vos, JG
1,990
The respiratory tract is a major route of exposure to noxious agents as well as pathogens such as viruses. Natural killer (NK) activity is an important first line of defense to virally infected cells as well as certain neoplasms; therefore, testing the effects of exposure to toxic compounds on this activity is importan...
1
71,237
The availability of H2O2 and O3 for aqueous phase oxidation of SO2 The question of linearity
Meagher, JF; Olszyna, KJ; Weatherford, FP; Mohnen, VA
1,990
null
0
82,564
Clean air act amendments of 1990, Pub. L. No. 101-549
null
1,990
An act: To amend the Clean Air Act to provide for attainment and maintenance of health protective national ambient air quality standards, and for other purposes.
0
79,332
No adjustments are needed for multiple comparisons
Rothman, KJ
1,990
Adjustments for making multiple comparisons in large bodies of data are recommended to avoid rejecting the null hypothesis too readily. Unfortunately, reducing the type I error for null associations increases the type II error for those associations that are not null. The theoretical basis for advocating a routine adju...
0
42,345
Acute ozone exposure increases bronchial blood flow in conscious sheep
Schelegle, ES; Gunther, RA; Parsons, GH; Colbert, SR; Yousef, MAA; Cross, CE
1,990
This study was initiated to determine the effects of ozone (O3) on sheep airway blood flow. Twenty-three nasally intubated sheep were exposed to filtered air (n = 5), 1 ppm O3 (n = 4), 2 ppm O3 (n = 5), 3 ppm O3 (n = 5), and 4 ppm O3 (n = 4) for 3 h. Bronchial artery flow (Qbr) was measured using a chronically implante...
0
32,277
Replacing gasoline: alternative fuels for light-duty vehicles
null
1,990
During the past year, the debate on reauthorizing the Clean Air Act caused a resurgence of interest in alternative transportation fuels as an option for reducing ozone levels in urban areas that cannot otherwise meet air quality standards. The possibility of greenhouse climate change has increased interest in those alt...
0
37,712
Influence of preexisting pulmonary emphysema on susceptibility of rats to chronic inhalation exposure to nitrogen dioxide
Mauderly, JL; Cheng, YS; Gillett, NA; Griffith, WC; Henderson, RF; Pickrell, JA; Ulblff, RK
1,990
The effect of preexisting pulmonary emphysema on the susceptibility of rats to the effects of chronic inhalation exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO$ was examined. Rats were exposed 7 h/day, 5 daydweek for 24 months to 9.5 ppm NO2 or sham-exposed to clean air. Emphysema was induced in one-half of the rats by intratracheal...
0
49,081
Issues of lead toxicity
Nicholls, DM; McLachlan, DRC
1,990
null
0
626,460
Olfactory response of eastern spruce budworm larvae to red spruce needles exposed to acid rain and elevated levels of ozone
Cannon, WN
1,990
Second-instar eastern spruce budworm larvae, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), were tested in a two-choice, Y-type, wind-tunnel olfactometer for preferences for red spruce, Picea rubens Sarg., needles exposed for eight weeks to charcoal-filtered air (CFA) or 0.15 ppm ozone (O3) in combination with acidified rainf...
1
1,093,176
Allergen-induced increase in airway responsiveness and inflammation in mild asthma
Brusasco, V; Crimi, E; Gianiorio, P; Lantero, S; Rossi, GA
1,990
The relationship between airway responsiveness to methacholine and inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was determined in patients with history of rhinitis and/or mild bronchial asthma either at baseline (10 patients) or 3-4 h after allergen inhalation challenge (11 patients). At baseline, airway responsi...
0
48,354
A semi-impirical approach to estimate vertical transport by nonprecipitating convective clouds on a regional scale
Vukovich, RM; Ching, JKS
1,990
A semi-empirical approach to estimate the vertical flux of mass between the boundary layer and the cloud layer by an ensemble of nonprecipitating cumulus clouds has been developed. The model determines the existence of the cloud ensemble, estimates the cloud amount at cloud base, and establishes the vertical distribut...
0
43,493
Influence of ozone and soil magnesium status on the cold hardiness of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) seedlings
Edwards, GS; Pier, PA; Kelly, JM
1,990
One-year-old half-sib loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were planted in a sandy loam soil having approximately 15 or 35 mg kg-1 of exchangeable Mg and were exposed to subambient, ambient, or twice ambient (0.02, 0.05, or 0.09 'mu'l O3 l -1 , respectively) concentrations of O3 in open-top chambers from April to O...
0
43,209
Effects of ozone and acidic precipitation on the growth and photosynthesis of red spruce after two years of exposure
Kohut, RJ; Laurence, JA; Amundson, RG; Raba, RM; Melkonian, JJ
1,990
null
0
42,247
Tissue factor and factor VII messenger RNAs in human alveolar macrophages: effects of breathing ozone
Mcgee, MP; Devlin, R; Saluta, G; Koren, H
1,990
This study was performed to determine if genes for tissue factor and factor VII proteins are expressed and regulated in vivo in lung macrophages during inflammation. Human alveolar macrophages and alveolar fluids were obtained 18 hours after healthy male adults were exposed, for 2 hours during intermittent exercise, to...
0
42,289
An immunofluorescence study of T and B lymphocytes in ozone-induced pulmonary lesions in the mouse
Bleavins, MR; Dziedzic, D
1,990
Ozone is a photochemical oxidant which reacts with a variety of biological molecules. In experimental animals the toxicity of ozone results from damage to cells in the lung and is associated with the process of reactive repair and an influx of inflammatory cells. In this work we used an indirect immunofluorescence tech...
0
43,580
Effects of low ozone concentrations on growth of Betula pubescens Ehrh, Betula verrucosa Ehrh and Alnus incana (L) Moench
Mortensen, LM; Skre, O
1,990
Seedlings of Betula pubescens, Betula verrucosa and Alnus incana were grown for 50 days in growth chambers at four ozone concentrations (25, 35, 53 and 82 nl l -1 ) for 7 h day-1. Shoot and root dry weight decreased almost linearly with increasing ozone concentration in the three species. Shoot/root and leaf/stem dry w...
0
42,347
A comparison of terminal airway remodeling in chronic daily versus episodic ozone exposure
Barr, BC; Hyde, DM; Plopper, CG; Dungworth, DL
1,990
null
0
156,073
Intrauterine growth is related to gestational pulmonary function in pregnant asthmatic women. Kaiser-Permanente Asthma and Pregnancy Study Group
Schatz, M; Zeiger, RS; Hoffman, CP
1,990
Asthmatic mothers have been reported to deliver infants of lower mean birth weight than nonasthmatic mothers. This study examined the relationship between intrauterine growth and serial gestational spirometry in 352 pregnant asthmatic women who were prospectively treated and observed during pregnancy. A small (r = 0.11...
0
92,157
Biological recovery of an acid lake after reductions in industrial emissions of sulphur
Gunn, JM; Keller, W
1,990
null
0
41,357
Plant response to nonfiltered air vs added ozone generated from dry air or oxygen
Olszyk, DM; Dawson, PJ; Morrison, CL; Takemoto, BK
1,990
null
0
180,314
The effects of long-term open-air fumigation with SO2 on a field crop of broad bean {Vicia faba L.) III. Quantitative analysis of damage components
Kropff, MJ
1,990
EfTects of SO2 on growth and production of broad bean, observed in three open-air fumigation experiments, were interpreted in terms of damage components with a mechanistic simulation model. The model consisted of an elementary model for crop growth, extended with submodels for the microclimate in the crop and with a su...
0
37,511
The effect of NO2 exposure on perfusate distribution in isolated rat lungs: Pulmonary versus bronchial circulation
Postlethwait, EM; Bioani, A; Evans, MJ
1,990
Isolated rat lung (IPL) studies have suggested that the pulmonary uptake of inhaled nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is governed via a chemical reaction-dependent process which results in NO2-derived reaction products diffusing into the vascular space. Experimental results indicated that substantial proportions of this reactive ...
0
42,872
Product study of the gas-phase reactions of monoterpenes with the OH radical in the presence of NOx
Arey, J; Atkinson, R; Aschmann, SM
1,990
null
0
57,473
Human exposure to ultraviolet radiation
Diffey, BL
1,990
null
0
43,140
Effects of ozone, sulfur dioxide, soil water deficit, and cultivar on yields of soybean
Heggestad, HE; Lesser, VM
1,990
null
0
43,603
Growth form and yield responses of four cotton cultivars to ozone
Temple, PJ
1,990
Cultivars of crop plants can differ widely in their susceptibilities to yield losses induced by the air pollutant ozone (O3), but relatively little is known of the physiological mechanisms that account for these differences. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars differ in degree of determinance, which may affect cul...
0
42,306
Effect of thromboxane antagonists on ozone-induced airway responses in dogs
Jones, GL; Lane, CG; O'Byrne, PM
1,990
null
0
43,875
Physiological response of yellow-poplar seedlings to simulated acid rain, ozone fumigation and drought
Roberts, BR
1,990
null
0
27,643
Indoor ozone: further observations
Weschler, CJ; Shields, HC; Naik, DV
1,990
null
0
42,579
Effects of ozone exposure on enzymes and metabolites of nitrogen metabolism
Agrawal, M; Agrawal, SB
1,990
null
0
38,158
The measurement and model predictions of indoor ozone concentrations in museums
Druzik, JR; Adams, MS; Tiller, C; Cass, GR
1,990
null
0
43,597
The relationship between foliar injury, nitrogen metabolism, and growth parameters in ozonated soybeans
Smith, G; Neyra, C; Brennan, E
1,990
A single 12 h ozone exposure peaking at 0.20 ppm proved phytotoxic to greenhouse-grown 'Cutler 71' soybeans at each growth stage tested from V5 to R6. Visible injury occurred within 40 h on the unifoliodate leaves and middle-aged and older trifoliolates while the younger leaves were free from toxicity symptoms. In some...
0
4,765
Kinetics and nitro-products of the gas-phase OH and NO3 radical-initiated reactions of naphthalene-d8, fluoranthene-d10 and pyrene
Atkinson, R; Arey, J; Zielinska, B; Aschmann, SM
1,990
The kinetics and nitroarene product yields of the gas-phase reactions of naphthalene-d8, fluoranthene-d10, and pyrene with OH radicals in the presence of NOx and in N2O5NO3NO2air mixtures have been investigated at 296 ? 2 K and atmospheric pressure of air. Using a relative rate method, naphthalene-d8 was shown to reac...
0
55,274
Crystal occurrence and wax disruption on leaf surfaces of cabbage treated with simulated acid rain
Adams, CM; Caporn, SJM; Hutchinson, TC
1,990
Epicuticular waxes on leaves of Brassica oleracea L. (cabbage) were studied using scanning electron microscopy after a single treatment with simulated rain of pH 5A6, 3A0 or 2A5 which was either sprayed on to plants in an exposure chamber or applied as droplets with a micropipette. Treatments with acidified rain caused...
0
57,615
Association of nonmelanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis with cumulative solar ultraviolet exposure in Maryland watermen
Vitasa, BC; Taylor, HR; Strickland, PT; Rosenthal, FS; West, S; Abbey, H; Ng, SK; Munoz, B; Emmett, EA
1,990
#To establish the relationship between ultraviolet-B radiation and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and actinic keratosis (AK), a cross-sectional prevalence survey was performed in a sample of 808 white, male watermen 30 years of age and older residing in the Eastern Shore of Maryland. A measu...
0
777,096
Exposure of cottonwood plants to ozone alters subsequent leaf decomposition
Findlay, S; Jones, CG
1,990
Cottonwood saplings were exposed to ozone or charcoal-filtered air in a closed chamber. After leaf abscission, decomposition of individual leaf discs was measured in containers of stream water. Exposure of plants to 200 ppb ozone for 5 h caused early leaf abscission and changes in the chemical composition of leaves at ...
0
54,109
Determination of photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals in seawater and freshwater
Zhou, X; Mopper, K
1,990
A variety of short-lived, reactive chemical species (i.e. free radicals and excited state species) are known to be photochemically produced in natural waters. Some of these transients may strongly affect chemical and biological processes, and they have been implicated in the degradation of organic pollutants and natura...
0
25,242
Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality in the United States: A hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation
Garland, FC; Garland, CF; Gorham, ED; Young, JF
1,990
Epidemiologic and laboratory evidence suggests that vitamin D may play a role in reducing breast cancer risk. Lack of exposure to ultraviolet sunlight can increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. This deficiency may place some populations at higher risk for breast cancer. The association between total average a...
0
27,406
Biochemical basis of ozone toxicity
Mustafa, MG
1,990
Ozone (O3) is the major oxidant of photochemical smog. Its biological effect is attributed to its ability to cause oxidation or peroxidation of biomolecules directly and/or via free radical reactions. A sequence of events may include lipid peroxidation and loss of functional groups of enzymes, alteration of membrane pe...
0
43,005
The role of inflammation in species sensitivity to ozone (O3)-induced airway hyperreactivity
Tepper, JS; Lehmann, JR; Costa, DL; Madden, MC; Fitzgerald, S
1,990
null
0
42,329
A decrease in serum retinol by in vivo exposures of rats to ozone
Takahashi, Y; Miura, T; Kimura, S
1,990
null
0
43,694
Endpoints for regional ecological risk assessments
Suter GW, II
1,990
null
0