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14,145,090
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velvet antlers vas are commonly used in traditional chinese medicine and invigorant and contain many PET components for health promotion the velvet antler peptide svap is one of active components in vas based on structural study the svap interacts with tgfβ receptors and disrupts the tgfβ pathway we hypothesized that svap prevents cardiac fibrosis from pressure overload by blocking tgfβ signaling SDRs underwent TAC tac or a sham operation T3 one month rats received either svap mgkgday or vehicle for an additional one month tac surgery induced significant cardiac dysfunction FB activation and fibrosis these effects were improved by treatment with svap in the heart tissue tac remarkably increased the expression of tgfβ and connective tissue growth factor ctgf ROS species C2 and the phosphorylation C2 of smad and ERK kinases erk svap inhibited the increases in reactive oxygen species C2 ctgf expression and the phosphorylation of smad and erk but not tgfβ expression in cultured cardiac fibroblasts angiotensin ii ang ii had similar effects compared to tac surgery such as increases in αsmapositive CFs and collagen synthesis svap eliminated these effects by disrupting tgfβ IB to its receptors and blocking ang iitgfβ downstream signaling these results demonstrated that svap has antifibrotic effects by blocking the tgfβ pathway in CFs
|
[
63
] |
[
"transverse aortic constriction"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "transverse aortic constriction"?
velvet antlers vas are commonly used in traditional chinese medicine and invigorant and contain many PET components for health promotion the velvet antler peptide svap is one of active components in vas based on structural study the svap interacts with tgfβ receptors and disrupts the tgfβ pathway we hypothesized that svap prevents cardiac fibrosis from pressure overload by blocking tgfβ signaling SDRs underwent transverse aortic constriction tac or a sham operation T3 one month rats received either svap mgkgday or vehicle for an additional one month tac surgery induced significant cardiac dysfunction FB activation and fibrosis these effects were improved by treatment with svap in the heart tissue tac remarkably increased the expression of tgfβ and connective tissue growth factor ctgf ROS species C2 and the phosphorylation C2 of smad and ERK kinases erk svap inhibited the increases in reactive oxygen species C2 ctgf expression and the phosphorylation of smad and erk but not tgfβ expression in cultured cardiac fibroblasts angiotensin ii ang ii had similar effects compared to tac surgery such as increases in αsmapositive CFs and collagen synthesis svap eliminated these effects by disrupting tgfβ IB to its receptors and blocking ang iitgfβ downstream signaling these results demonstrated that svap has antifibrotic effects by blocking the tgfβ pathway in CFs
|
TAC
|
1,900,667
|
the clinical features of our cases demonstrated some of the already known characteristics of the variable spectrum of hiv infection da are the most important risk category in italy of the arc cases evolved into aids during a month followup on average the most frequent oi in our aids cases were pcp c albicans esophagitis and chronic mucocutaneous ulcers an high percentage of neurologic involvement from hiv was observed and HM were encountered in aids ks and undifferentiated b lymphoma as well as in arc HD statistically significant worsening of the immunologic situation is evident as the disease progresses from las to aids G1 b lymphocytes represent most of the cells of the germinal center during the hyperplastic stage of lymphadenopathy reversal of the tt ratio appears early during the initial stage of lymphadenopathy and is due to a decrease of cd and a relative increase of cd also destruction of the follicular dendritic cells is an early feature which becomes more evident as the disease advances and the lymph node evolves toward progressive involution activated blymphocyte augmentation with polyclonal ig secretion appears to be related to TI b stimulation by coinfection such as cmv ebv and hbv the increase of CD8 lymphocytes seems to be partly related to the excessive activation of b lymphocytes and partially directed to the cells INF by hiv or coated with its proteins the destruction of follicular dendritic cells has been interpreted not only as a killer effect of the virus but also as a result of the intervention of ctl sensitized to the cells containing the virus their destruction may contribute to the impaired recognition of soluble antigen which is one of the main features of the immune deficiency of hiv infection
|
[
85
] |
[
"hodgkins lymphoma"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "hodgkins lymphoma"?
the clinical features of our cases demonstrated some of the already known characteristics of the variable spectrum of hiv infection da are the most important risk category in italy of the arc cases evolved into aids during a month followup on average the most frequent oi in our aids cases were pcp c albicans esophagitis and chronic mucocutaneous ulcers an high percentage of neurologic involvement from hiv was observed and HM were encountered in aids ks and undifferentiated b lymphoma as well as in arc hodgkins lymphoma statistically significant worsening of the immunologic situation is evident as the disease progresses from las to aids G1 b lymphocytes represent most of the cells of the germinal center during the hyperplastic stage of lymphadenopathy reversal of the tt ratio appears early during the initial stage of lymphadenopathy and is due to a decrease of cd and a relative increase of cd also destruction of the follicular dendritic cells is an early feature which becomes more evident as the disease advances and the lymph node evolves toward progressive involution activated blymphocyte augmentation with polyclonal ig secretion appears to be related to TI b stimulation by coinfection such as cmv ebv and hbv the increase of CD8 lymphocytes seems to be partly related to the excessive activation of b lymphocytes and partially directed to the cells INF by hiv or coated with its proteins the destruction of follicular dendritic cells has been interpreted not only as a killer effect of the virus but also as a result of the intervention of ctl sensitized to the cells containing the virus their destruction may contribute to the impaired recognition of soluble antigen which is one of the main features of the immune deficiency of hiv infection
|
HD
|
8,625,554
|
ceftobiprole bpr is an investigational cephalosporin with activity against staphylococcus aureus including methicillinresistant s aureus mrsa strains the pharmacodynamic pd profile of bpr against s aureus strains with a variety of susceptibility phenotypes in an immunocompromised murine pneumonia model was characterized the bpr mics of the test isolates ranged from to mugml pharmacokinetic pk studies were conducted with infected neutropenic balbc mice and the bpr concentrations were measured in plasma epithelial lining fluid elf and lung tissue pd studies with these mice were undertaken with eight s aureus isolates two MSSA strains three hospitalacquired mrsa strains and three CA mrsa strains subcutaneous bpr doses of to mgkg of body weightday were administered and the NC in the number of log cfuml in lungs was evaluated after h of therapy the pd profile was characterized by using the free drug exposures f determined from the following parameters the percentage of time that the concentration was greater than the mic t mic the Cmax in serummic and the area under the concentrationtime curvemic the bpr pk parameters were linear over the dose range studied in plasma and the elf concentrations ranged from to of the free plasma concentration ft mic was the parameter that best correlated with tau against a diverse array of s aureus isolates in this mu pneumonia model the effective dose ed ed and stasis exposures appeared to be similar among the isolates studied bpr exerted maximal antibacterial effects when ft mic ranged from to regardless of the phenotypic profile of resistance to betalactam fluoroquinolone erythromycin clindamycin or TCs
|
[
90
] |
[
"methicillinsusceptible s aureus"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "methicillinsusceptible s aureus"?
ceftobiprole bpr is an investigational cephalosporin with activity against staphylococcus aureus including methicillinresistant s aureus mrsa strains the pharmacodynamic pd profile of bpr against s aureus strains with a variety of susceptibility phenotypes in an immunocompromised murine pneumonia model was characterized the bpr mics of the test isolates ranged from to mugml pharmacokinetic pk studies were conducted with infected neutropenic balbc mice and the bpr concentrations were measured in plasma epithelial lining fluid elf and lung tissue pd studies with these mice were undertaken with eight s aureus isolates two methicillinsusceptible s aureus strains three hospitalacquired mrsa strains and three CA mrsa strains subcutaneous bpr doses of to mgkg of body weightday were administered and the NC in the number of log cfuml in lungs was evaluated after h of therapy the pd profile was characterized by using the free drug exposures f determined from the following parameters the percentage of time that the concentration was greater than the mic t mic the Cmax in serummic and the area under the concentrationtime curvemic the bpr pk parameters were linear over the dose range studied in plasma and the elf concentrations ranged from to of the free plasma concentration ft mic was the parameter that best correlated with tau against a diverse array of s aureus isolates in this mu pneumonia model the effective dose ed ed and stasis exposures appeared to be similar among the isolates studied bpr exerted maximal antibacterial effects when ft mic ranged from to regardless of the phenotypic profile of resistance to betalactam fluoroquinolone erythromycin clindamycin or TCs
|
MSSA
|
8,157,202
|
we have taken a basic biologic RPA to elucidate the pathophysiology of BPD bpd the CLD based on cellmolecular mechanisms of physiologic lung OD stretch coordinates PTHrP pthrp signaling between the ATII cell and the mesoderm to coordinately upregulate key genes for the homeostatic FB phenotype including peroxisome proliferator G1 TRG ppargamma adipocyte differentiation related protein adrp and OB and the retrograde stimulation of type ii cell surfactant synthesis by leptin each of these paracrine interactions requires cellspecific receptors on adjacent cells derived from the mesoderm or endoderm respectively to serially upregulate the signaling pathways between and within each celltype it is this PET compartmentation that is key to understanding how specific agonists and antagonists can predictably affect this mechanism of AM homeostasis using a wide variety of pathophysiologic insults associated with bpd barotrauma oxotrauma and infection we have found that there are type ii cell andor FB cellmolecular effects generated by these insults which can lead to the bpd phenotype we have exploited these cellspecific mechanisms to effectively prevent and treat lung injuries using ppargamma agonists to sustain this signaling pathway it is critically important to judiciously select physiologically and developmentally relevant interventions when treating the preterm neonate
|
[
26
] |
[
"parathyroid hormonerelated protein"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "parathyroid hormonerelated protein"?
we have taken a basic biologic RPA to elucidate the pathophysiology of BPD bpd the CLD based on cellmolecular mechanisms of physiologic lung OD stretch coordinates parathyroid hormonerelated protein pthrp signaling between the ATII cell and the mesoderm to coordinately upregulate key genes for the homeostatic FB phenotype including peroxisome proliferator G1 TRG ppargamma adipocyte differentiation related protein adrp and OB and the retrograde stimulation of type ii cell surfactant synthesis by leptin each of these paracrine interactions requires cellspecific receptors on adjacent cells derived from the mesoderm or endoderm respectively to serially upregulate the signaling pathways between and within each celltype it is this PET compartmentation that is key to understanding how specific agonists and antagonists can predictably affect this mechanism of AM homeostasis using a wide variety of pathophysiologic insults associated with bpd barotrauma oxotrauma and infection we have found that there are type ii cell andor FB cellmolecular effects generated by these insults which can lead to the bpd phenotype we have exploited these cellspecific mechanisms to effectively prevent and treat lung injuries using ppargamma agonists to sustain this signaling pathway it is critically important to judiciously select physiologically and developmentally relevant interventions when treating the preterm neonate
|
PTHrP
|
6,784,974
|
lipoperoxidationderived aldehydes for example MDA mda can damage proteins by generating covalent adducts whose accumulation probably participates in tissue damage during aging however the mechanisms of adduct formation and their stability are scarcely known this article investigates whether oxidative steps are involved in the process as a MM of the process the interaction between mda and bovine SS Al bsa was analyzed incubation of bsa with mda resulted in rapid quenching of tryptophan fluorescence and appearance of mda protein adduct fluorescence transition metal ion traces interfered with the latter process mda induced generation of peroxides in bsa which was preventable with the antioxidant BHT bht mdaexposed bsa underwent aggregation degradation and bhtsensitive gel retardation effects phycoerythrin fluorescence disappearance a marker of damage mediated by ROS species indicated synergism between mda and metal ions the interaction between reactive aldehydes and proteins is likely to occur in several steps some of them oxidative in nature giving rise to T3 LPO endproducts which could participate with AGEs in the generation of tissue damage during aging
|
[
157
] |
[
"lipoperoxidation"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "lipoperoxidation"?
lipoperoxidationderived aldehydes for example MDA mda can damage proteins by generating covalent adducts whose accumulation probably participates in tissue damage during aging however the mechanisms of adduct formation and their stability are scarcely known this article investigates whether oxidative steps are involved in the process as a MM of the process the interaction between mda and bovine SS Al bsa was analyzed incubation of bsa with mda resulted in rapid quenching of tryptophan fluorescence and appearance of mda protein adduct fluorescence transition metal ion traces interfered with the latter process mda induced generation of peroxides in bsa which was preventable with the antioxidant BHT bht mdaexposed bsa underwent aggregation degradation and bhtsensitive gel retardation effects phycoerythrin fluorescence disappearance a marker of damage mediated by ROS species indicated synergism between mda and metal ions the interaction between reactive aldehydes and proteins is likely to occur in several steps some of them oxidative in nature giving rise to T3 lipoperoxidation endproducts which could participate with AGEs in the generation of tissue damage during aging
|
LPO
|
4,846,741
|
gb virus c gbvc or HGV hgv is transmitted by the parenteral route but the importance of sexual transmission needs to be ascertained gbvchgv infections were investigated using rna and eantibody PCD methods in subjects INF by the HIV-1 hiv divided into groups of individuals each according to their main risk factor for hiv infection blood product recipients group intravenous drug users group homosexuals group or heterosexual SE group the overall prevalence of gbvchgv infection was no significant difference was observed in gbvc hgv prevalence among the four CG and in CG and respectively hepatitis c virus hcv antibodies used as a control for parenteral exposure were found in and of the subjects in groups and versus only and of the subjects in groups and respectively p similarly coinfections with gbvchgv and hcv were significantly associated with the parenteral route p these data emphasized the usefulness of combining the detection of rna and the e antibody to determine the actual prevalence of gbvchgv infection the high prevalence of the gbvchgv markers among the HIV+ subjects especially those with sexual exposure provides additional evidence that this route of transmission plays a key role in the epidemiology of gbvchgv the potential influence of gbvchgv infection on the course of hiv disease needs further DUE
|
[
5
] |
[
"hepatitis g virus"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "hepatitis g virus"?
gb virus c gbvc or hepatitis g virus hgv is transmitted by the parenteral route but the importance of sexual transmission needs to be ascertained gbvchgv infections were investigated using rna and eantibody PCD methods in subjects INF by the HIV-1 hiv divided into groups of individuals each according to their main risk factor for hiv infection blood product recipients group intravenous drug users group homosexuals group or heterosexual SE group the overall prevalence of gbvchgv infection was no significant difference was observed in gbvc hgv prevalence among the four CG and in CG and respectively hepatitis c virus hcv antibodies used as a control for parenteral exposure were found in and of the subjects in groups and versus only and of the subjects in groups and respectively p similarly coinfections with gbvchgv and hcv were significantly associated with the parenteral route p these data emphasized the usefulness of combining the detection of rna and the e antibody to determine the actual prevalence of gbvchgv infection the high prevalence of the gbvchgv markers among the HIV+ subjects especially those with sexual exposure provides additional evidence that this route of transmission plays a key role in the epidemiology of gbvchgv the potential influence of gbvchgv infection on the course of hiv disease needs further DUE
|
HGV
|
14,445,409
|
to quantify the amount of CL NO harvested in modified RND
|
[
10
] |
[
"radical neck dissection"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "radical neck dissection"?
to quantify the amount of CL NO harvested in modified radical neck dissection
|
RND
|
9,441,271
|
backward SBS was used to control the growth of ASE ase reducing the unwanted emission in a pulseamplified cw tisapphire laser system from to less than x in the final output suppression of ase substantially improved the spectral SQ of the laser and broadened the range over which the laser is useful the SO duration was compressed but the pulse remained nearly transform limited
|
[
9
] |
[
"amplified spontaneous emission"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "amplified spontaneous emission"?
backward SBS was used to control the growth of amplified spontaneous emission ase reducing the unwanted emission in a pulseamplified cw tisapphire laser system from to less than x in the final output suppression of ase substantially improved the spectral SQ of the laser and broadened the range over which the laser is useful the SO duration was compressed but the pulse remained nearly transform limited
|
ASE
|
3,689,975
|
in order to study the rate of intestinal absorption and hepatic uptake of mediumchain fatty acids mcfa six growing pigs mean body weight kg were fitted with a permanent fistula in the duodenum and with three catheters in the portal vein i.c. and HV respectively two electromagnetic flow probes were also set up one around the portal vein and one around the hepatic artery a mixture of octanoic and decanoic acids esterified as mediumchain triacylglycerols together with maltose dextrine and a nitrogenous fraction was continuously infused for h into the duodenum samples of blood were withdrawn from the three vessels at regular intervals for h and further analysed for their nonesterified octanoic and decanoic acid contents the concentration of nonesterified octanoic and decanoic acids in the portal blood rose sharply after the beginning of each infusion and showed a biphasic timecourse with two maximum values one T3 min and a later one between and min only of octanoic acid infused into the duodenum and of C10 were recovered in the portal flow throughout each experiment the amounts of nonesterified mcfa taken up per h by the liver were close to those absorbed from the gut via the portal vein within the same periods of time showing that the liver is the main site of utilization of mcfa in pigs these results have been discussed with a special emphasis laid on the possible mechanisms of the biphasic timecourse of mcfa absorption and the incomplete REC in the HPB of the infused fatty acids
|
[
246
] |
[
"portal blood"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "portal blood"?
in order to study the rate of intestinal absorption and hepatic uptake of mediumchain fatty acids mcfa six growing pigs mean body weight kg were fitted with a permanent fistula in the duodenum and with three catheters in the portal vein i.c. and HV respectively two electromagnetic flow probes were also set up one around the portal vein and one around the hepatic artery a mixture of octanoic and decanoic acids esterified as mediumchain triacylglycerols together with maltose dextrine and a nitrogenous fraction was continuously infused for h into the duodenum samples of blood were withdrawn from the three vessels at regular intervals for h and further analysed for their nonesterified octanoic and decanoic acid contents the concentration of nonesterified octanoic and decanoic acids in the portal blood rose sharply after the beginning of each infusion and showed a biphasic timecourse with two maximum values one T3 min and a later one between and min only of octanoic acid infused into the duodenum and of C10 were recovered in the portal flow throughout each experiment the amounts of nonesterified mcfa taken up per h by the liver were close to those absorbed from the gut via the portal vein within the same periods of time showing that the liver is the main site of utilization of mcfa in pigs these results have been discussed with a special emphasis laid on the possible mechanisms of the biphasic timecourse of mcfa absorption and the incomplete REC in the portal blood of the infused fatty acids
|
HPB
|
8,996,817
|
based on traditional chinese medicine theory and clinical experience traditional chinese herbal drug toxicity has its own special connotation from the perspective of history and logic the different comprehension of toxicity between western medicine and traditional chinese medicine was discussed after retracing the meaning of drug toxicity in traditional chinese medicine the authors suggest that its not feasible to T0 the chinese medicine coping mechanically and applying indiscriminately the concept and the research idea about modern drug toxicity since there is different understanding of drug toxicity between traditional chinese medicine and WM many control elements are involved in the use of traditional chinese herbal drugs and chinese drug components and actions are complex as compared with western drugs more and more drugs with toxicity will be found due to the relativity of drug toxicity currently the study of chinese drug toxicity should pay more attention to the relation between the toxicity and chinese drug nature compatibility and the corresponding disease or syndrome DP T3 making definition of chinese drug toxicity and its connotation
|
[
91
] |
[
"western medicine"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "western medicine"?
based on traditional chinese medicine theory and clinical experience traditional chinese herbal drug toxicity has its own special connotation from the perspective of history and logic the different comprehension of toxicity between western medicine and traditional chinese medicine was discussed after retracing the meaning of drug toxicity in traditional chinese medicine the authors suggest that its not feasible to T0 the chinese medicine coping mechanically and applying indiscriminately the concept and the research idea about modern drug toxicity since there is different understanding of drug toxicity between traditional chinese medicine and western medicine many control elements are involved in the use of traditional chinese herbal drugs and chinese drug components and actions are complex as compared with western drugs more and more drugs with toxicity will be found due to the relativity of drug toxicity currently the study of chinese drug toxicity should pay more attention to the relation between the toxicity and chinese drug nature compatibility and the corresponding disease or syndrome DP T3 making definition of chinese drug toxicity and its connotation
|
WM
|
10,390,052
|
in this paper a new MM of SOC is introduced this model called the mRNA paradigm is motivated by the problem of gene expression initiation in the newlyborn daughter cells T3 mitosis the MM is fundamentally different in dynamics and properties from the well known sandpile paradigm simulation experiments demonstrate that a critical total number of proteins exists below which transcription is impossible above this critical threshold the system enters the regime of selfsustained oscillations with standard deviations and periods proportional to the genes complexities with probability one the BL between these two regimes is very sharp importantly such a selforganization emerges without any deterministic feedback loops or external supervision and is a result of CR random redistribution of proteins between inactive genes given the size of the genome the domain of selforganized oscillatory motion is also limited by the genes maximal complexities below the critical complexity all the regimes of selforganized oscillations are selfsimilar and largely independent of the genes complexities above the level of critical complexity the wholegenome transcription is impossible again the BL between the domains of oscillations and G0 is very sharp the gene expression paradigm is an example of CA with the domain of application potentially far beyond its biological context the MM seems to be simple enough for staging an experiment for verification of its remarkable properties
|
[
194
] |
[
"cellular automata"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "cellular automata"?
in this paper a new MM of SOC is introduced this model called the mRNA paradigm is motivated by the problem of gene expression initiation in the newlyborn daughter cells T3 mitosis the MM is fundamentally different in dynamics and properties from the well known sandpile paradigm simulation experiments demonstrate that a critical total number of proteins exists below which transcription is impossible above this critical threshold the system enters the regime of selfsustained oscillations with standard deviations and periods proportional to the genes complexities with probability one the BL between these two regimes is very sharp importantly such a selforganization emerges without any deterministic feedback loops or external supervision and is a result of CR random redistribution of proteins between inactive genes given the size of the genome the domain of selforganized oscillatory motion is also limited by the genes maximal complexities below the critical complexity all the regimes of selforganized oscillations are selfsimilar and largely independent of the genes complexities above the level of critical complexity the wholegenome transcription is impossible again the BL between the domains of oscillations and G0 is very sharp the gene expression paradigm is an example of cellular automata with the domain of application potentially far beyond its biological context the MM seems to be simple enough for staging an experiment for verification of its remarkable properties
|
CA
|
5,143,869
|
the authors investigated the relationship between the activity of the RAA system and serum lipid levels in HT eh they examined patients with eh stage i and ii who classification group a n age bracket years they investigated the plasma renin activity pra plasma aldosterone pa and total cholesterol tch hdl ldl cholesterol and triglycerides tg they divided the group into three subgroups according to the pra into low l normal n and high renin CG h in the whole group they did not find significant differences in the lipid C2 in relation to pra they selected from the group patients older than years group b and in those they recorded significantly higher tch levels in group h as compared with normal n p and l p and significantly higher ldl levels in group h as compared with l p they found a significant direct relationship between pra and tch p and between pra and ldl p a liminal relationship between pa and tch p they did not find a significant relationship between the raas activity and hdl or tg the authors conclude that patients with eh above years and high pra a markedly greater HLP as compared with the low or normalrenin group this may partly explain the higher incidence of cardiovascular complications in highrenin eh reported by some authors
|
[
195
] |
[
"hyperlipoproteinaemia"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "hyperlipoproteinaemia"?
the authors investigated the relationship between the activity of the RAA system and serum lipid levels in HT eh they examined patients with eh stage i and ii who classification group a n age bracket years they investigated the plasma renin activity pra plasma aldosterone pa and total cholesterol tch hdl ldl cholesterol and triglycerides tg they divided the group into three subgroups according to the pra into low l normal n and high renin CG h in the whole group they did not find significant differences in the lipid C2 in relation to pra they selected from the group patients older than years group b and in those they recorded significantly higher tch levels in group h as compared with normal n p and l p and significantly higher ldl levels in group h as compared with l p they found a significant direct relationship between pra and tch p and between pra and ldl p a liminal relationship between pa and tch p they did not find a significant relationship between the raas activity and hdl or tg the authors conclude that patients with eh above years and high pra a markedly greater hyperlipoproteinaemia as compared with the low or normalrenin group this may partly explain the higher incidence of cardiovascular complications in highrenin eh reported by some authors
|
HLP
|
4,015,815
|
the antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of a highly TPS beta AR agonist cl cl beta beta beta were investigated in otsuka longevans tokushima fatty fatty and LETO control rats daily injection of cl mgkg sc to these rats weeks old for weeks caused a significant reduction in body weight fatty control associated with a marked decrease in fat pad weight inguinal fatty control retroperitoneal fatty control without affecting food NI the C2 of uncoupling protein mrna and protein C2 of uncoupling protein ucp as well as guanosine diphosphatebinding a reliable index of thermogenesis in brown AT were lower in the fatty than in the control rats however after cl treatment these parameters in brown AT increased significantly to fold in both CG furthermore uncoupling protein was induced in white AT as well as in brown AT the fatty rats showed hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia during the glucose ATT but cl ameliorated these parameters these findings suggest that decreased thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue may be one of the causes of obesity in the fatty rats and that administration of cl prevents obesity by decreasing white fat mass by activating brown AT thermogenesis and by inducing uncoupling protein in white AT furthermore cl treatment may inhibit diabetes mellitus by ameliorating obesity and by activating glucose transporter in WG AT and brown adipose tissue
|
[
146
] |
[
"tolerance test"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "tolerance test"?
the antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of a highly TPS beta AR agonist cl cl beta beta beta were investigated in otsuka longevans tokushima fatty fatty and LETO control rats daily injection of cl mgkg sc to these rats weeks old for weeks caused a significant reduction in body weight fatty control associated with a marked decrease in fat pad weight inguinal fatty control retroperitoneal fatty control without affecting food NI the C2 of uncoupling protein mrna and protein C2 of uncoupling protein ucp as well as guanosine diphosphatebinding a reliable index of thermogenesis in brown AT were lower in the fatty than in the control rats however after cl treatment these parameters in brown AT increased significantly to fold in both CG furthermore uncoupling protein was induced in white AT as well as in brown AT the fatty rats showed hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia during the glucose tolerance test but cl ameliorated these parameters these findings suggest that decreased thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue may be one of the causes of obesity in the fatty rats and that administration of cl prevents obesity by decreasing white fat mass by activating brown AT thermogenesis and by inducing uncoupling protein in white AT furthermore cl treatment may inhibit diabetes mellitus by ameliorating obesity and by activating glucose transporter in WG AT and brown adipose tissue
|
ATT
|
7,599,020
|
this study was performed to assess the mrna C2 in skeletal muscle of MHD mhd patients fiftyone sedentary mhd patients and sedentary normal adults of similar age gender CSD and racialethnic mix as the patients were examined the subjects had needle muscle biopsy to measure mrna C2 they were assessed in right VL for insulinlike growth factor i igfiea and igfiec igfii the igfi receptor the igfii receptor and myostatin mrna was measured by RT PCR of RT cdna the results showed that in the mhd patients as compared with the normal CP skeletal muscle mrna C2 for igfiea igfii and the igfi receptor were significantly reduced whereas mrna for igfiec igfii receptor and myostatin were not different than normal we conclude that sedentary mhd patients show reductions in mrna levels in the right VL for certain growth factor proteins notably igfiea igfii and the igfi receptor these abnormalities may contribute to the sarcopenia and impaired endurance capacity strength and PCS performance that occur in mhd patients
|
[
77
] |
[
"reverse transcribed"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "reverse transcribed"?
this study was performed to assess the mrna C2 in skeletal muscle of MHD mhd patients fiftyone sedentary mhd patients and sedentary normal adults of similar age gender CSD and racialethnic mix as the patients were examined the subjects had needle muscle biopsy to measure mrna C2 they were assessed in right VL for insulinlike growth factor i igfiea and igfiec igfii the igfi receptor the igfii receptor and myostatin mrna was measured by RT PCR of reverse transcribed cdna the results showed that in the mhd patients as compared with the normal CP skeletal muscle mrna C2 for igfiea igfii and the igfi receptor were significantly reduced whereas mrna for igfiec igfii receptor and myostatin were not different than normal we conclude that sedentary mhd patients show reductions in mrna levels in the right VL for certain growth factor proteins notably igfiea igfii and the igfi receptor these abnormalities may contribute to the sarcopenia and impaired endurance capacity strength and PCS performance that occur in mhd patients
|
RT
|
4,461,951
|
recent data have demonstrated that the antioestrogen tamoxifen tam is able to facilitate apoptosis in cancer cells not expressing or er in an attempt to identify the PSA pathway for this phenomenon we investigated the role of tam as an oxidative stress agent in two ernegative human cancer cell lines namely tleukaemic jurkat and ovarian a cancer cells we have demonstrated that tam is able to generate oxidative AS thereby causing thiol SD and activation of the transcriptional factor nfkappab as described for other oxidative agents tam was able to induce either cell proliferation or apoptosis depending on the dose when used at the lowest dose tested microm a slight proliferative effect of tam was noticed in terms of cell counts and dna synthesis rate whereas at higher doses microm a consistent occurrence of apoptosis was detected importantly the induction of apoptosis by tam is not linked to downregulation or anergy by phosphorylation of the Bcl-2 Bcl-2
|
[
150
] |
[
"functional inactivation"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "functional inactivation"?
recent data have demonstrated that the antioestrogen tamoxifen tam is able to facilitate apoptosis in cancer cells not expressing or er in an attempt to identify the PSA pathway for this phenomenon we investigated the role of tam as an oxidative stress agent in two ernegative human cancer cell lines namely tleukaemic jurkat and ovarian a cancer cells we have demonstrated that tam is able to generate oxidative AS thereby causing thiol SD and activation of the transcriptional factor nfkappab as described for other oxidative agents tam was able to induce either cell proliferation or apoptosis depending on the dose when used at the lowest dose tested microm a slight proliferative effect of tam was noticed in terms of cell counts and dna synthesis rate whereas at higher doses microm a consistent occurrence of apoptosis was detected importantly the induction of apoptosis by tam is not linked to downregulation or functional inactivation by phosphorylation of the Bcl-2 Bcl-2
|
anergy
|
7,463,634
|
it has recently been proposed that alzheimer disease ad might be initiated by a molecular hit into a regulatory protein eg a cell surface receptor schmitt hp neuromodulation aminergic neurodisinhibition and neurodegeneration draft of a comprehensive theory for alzheimer disease med hypoth however other substrates in particular intracellular protein complexes such as the ubiquitinproteasome system ups could as well serve as a targets for such a hit which might insert a mutation or induce conformational changes resulting in PET failure of protein Kd along the ubiquitinproteasome proteolytic pathway it has been claimed that impairment of the C1 MCP complex the ss proteasome might represent a key factor in the early pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the formation of abnormal protein aggregates such as neuronal cytoplasmic or nuclear inclusion bodies and fibrillary deposits this article aims to review critically whether current information really supports the idea that impairment of the ups might play a significant role in the early pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders with special emphasis on ad the data provided in favour of proteasome impairment were as a rule revealed in in vitro experiments which cannot be unequivocally transferred to the in vivo conditions in neurodegeneration the author concludes that there is yet no clear evidence of a pivotal role of proteasome failure in the early pathogenesis of ad
|
[
97
] |
[
"multicatalytic protease"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "multicatalytic protease"?
it has recently been proposed that alzheimer disease ad might be initiated by a molecular hit into a regulatory protein eg a cell surface receptor schmitt hp neuromodulation aminergic neurodisinhibition and neurodegeneration draft of a comprehensive theory for alzheimer disease med hypoth however other substrates in particular intracellular protein complexes such as the ubiquitinproteasome system ups could as well serve as a targets for such a hit which might insert a mutation or induce conformational changes resulting in PET failure of protein Kd along the ubiquitinproteasome proteolytic pathway it has been claimed that impairment of the C1 multicatalytic protease complex the ss proteasome might represent a key factor in the early pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the formation of abnormal protein aggregates such as neuronal cytoplasmic or nuclear inclusion bodies and fibrillary deposits this article aims to review critically whether current information really supports the idea that impairment of the ups might play a significant role in the early pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders with special emphasis on ad the data provided in favour of proteasome impairment were as a rule revealed in in vitro experiments which cannot be unequivocally transferred to the in vivo conditions in neurodegeneration the author concludes that there is yet no clear evidence of a pivotal role of proteasome failure in the early pathogenesis of ad
|
MCP
|
207,998
|
the profile of hydroxymethoxy MA vma excretion was studied in relation to reported acute infectious disease episodes daily vma excretion levels and symptom reports were analyzed for a group of volunteers over a fourweek period results showed a tendency for elevated vma C2 to occur with greater frequency within three days prior to the ON of symptoms these findings are interpreted as suggesting that elevated levels of catecholamine activity may increase susceptibility to disease by interfering with the immune response and in the presence of an agent lead to an infectious disease episode
|
[
4
] |
[
"mandelic acid"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "mandelic acid"?
the profile of hydroxymethoxy mandelic acid vma excretion was studied in relation to reported acute infectious disease episodes daily vma excretion levels and symptom reports were analyzed for a group of volunteers over a fourweek period results showed a tendency for elevated vma C2 to occur with greater frequency within three days prior to the ON of symptoms these findings are interpreted as suggesting that elevated levels of catecholamine activity may increase susceptibility to disease by interfering with the immune response and in the presence of an agent lead to an infectious disease episode
|
MA
|
373,515
|
RCs were found to bind two ubiquinones both of which could be removed by OP and the detergent lauryldimethylamine oxide one ubiquinone was more easily removed than the other the lowtemperature lightinduced optical and electron paramagnetic resonance epr changes were eliminated and restored upon removal and readdition of ubiquinone and were quantitatively correlated with the amount of tightly bound ubiquinone we therefore conclude that this ubiquinone plays an obligatory role in the primary photochemistry the easily removed ubiquinone is thought to be the SE acceptor the lowtemperature CR kinetics as well as the optical and epr spectra were the same for untreated RCs and for those reconstituted with ubiquinone this indicates that SE and reconstitution were accomplished without altering the conformation of the active site RCs reconstituted with other quinones also showed restored photochemical activity although they exhibited changes in their lowtemperature recombination kinetics and lightinduced g epr signal is interpreted in terms of a magnetically coupled ubiquinonefe acceptor complex a possible role of iron is to facilitate electron transfer between the primary and secondary ubiquinones
|
[
87
] |
[
"charge recombination"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "charge recombination"?
RCs were found to bind two ubiquinones both of which could be removed by OP and the detergent lauryldimethylamine oxide one ubiquinone was more easily removed than the other the lowtemperature lightinduced optical and electron paramagnetic resonance epr changes were eliminated and restored upon removal and readdition of ubiquinone and were quantitatively correlated with the amount of tightly bound ubiquinone we therefore conclude that this ubiquinone plays an obligatory role in the primary photochemistry the easily removed ubiquinone is thought to be the SE acceptor the lowtemperature charge recombination kinetics as well as the optical and epr spectra were the same for untreated RCs and for those reconstituted with ubiquinone this indicates that SE and reconstitution were accomplished without altering the conformation of the active site RCs reconstituted with other quinones also showed restored photochemical activity although they exhibited changes in their lowtemperature recombination kinetics and lightinduced g epr signal is interpreted in terms of a magnetically coupled ubiquinonefe acceptor complex a possible role of iron is to facilitate electron transfer between the primary and secondary ubiquinones
|
CR
|
4,578,351
|
public attitudes toward smoking are complex but the facts for businesses are clear SHS is a major health hazard and the most unhealthy places for SHS are bars and restaurants while there is little support for a total smoking ban selected bans are more popular even if new federal rules dont force restaurants to ban smoking businesses can gain a competitive edge by going smokefree
|
[
25
] |
[
"secondhand smoke"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "secondhand smoke"?
public attitudes toward smoking are complex but the facts for businesses are clear SHS is a major health hazard and the most unhealthy places for secondhand smoke are bars and restaurants while there is little support for a total smoking ban selected bans are more popular even if new federal rules dont force restaurants to ban smoking businesses can gain a competitive edge by going smokefree
|
SHS
|
3,054,217
|
ually potent anaesthetic techniques patients in GI n received thiopentone induction isoflurane and nitrous oxide patients in group ii n received TIVA with propofol and patients in group iii n received intravenous propofol supplemented with nitrous oxide fentanyl and VEC were used in all three CG the depth of anaesthesia was judged on clinical signs of adequate anaesthesia episodes of bradycardia HR rate beats min tachycardia HR rate beats min SH mean arterial pressure or below preoperative blood pressure or hypertension mean arterial pressure or systolic blood pressure mmhg above preoperative value were recorded when lasting min any use of ephedrine or glycopyrrolate given to correct hypotension or bradycardia was documented in group ii significantly more patients were given ephedrine p to treat SH the drug was administered T3 intubation but before skin incision in the majority of cases glycopyrrolate was given to significantly more patients in group iii p to treat bradycardia and in of a total of patients given glycopyrrolate it was po before surgery with the use of these additional drugs there were no differences in the number of patients with min episodes of SH hypertension tachycardia or bradycardiaabstract truncated at words
|
[
21
] |
[
"total intravenous anaesthesia"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "total intravenous anaesthesia"?
ually potent anaesthetic techniques patients in GI n received thiopentone induction isoflurane and nitrous oxide patients in group ii n received total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and patients in group iii n received intravenous propofol supplemented with nitrous oxide fentanyl and VEC were used in all three CG the depth of anaesthesia was judged on clinical signs of adequate anaesthesia episodes of bradycardia HR rate beats min tachycardia HR rate beats min SH mean arterial pressure or below preoperative blood pressure or hypertension mean arterial pressure or systolic blood pressure mmhg above preoperative value were recorded when lasting min any use of ephedrine or glycopyrrolate given to correct hypotension or bradycardia was documented in group ii significantly more patients were given ephedrine p to treat SH the drug was administered T3 intubation but before skin incision in the majority of cases glycopyrrolate was given to significantly more patients in group iii p to treat bradycardia and in of a total of patients given glycopyrrolate it was po before surgery with the use of these additional drugs there were no differences in the number of patients with min episodes of SH hypertension tachycardia or bradycardiaabstract truncated at words
|
TIVA
|
9,588,029
|
as a substantial part of our concept of a minimally invasive cochlear implant ci surgery we developed an automated IS tool studies on an artificial ST model were performed in order to evaluate force application when using the insertion tool
|
[
25
] |
[
"scala tympani"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "scala tympani"?
as a substantial part of our concept of a minimally invasive cochlear implant ci surgery we developed an automated IS tool studies on an artificial scala tympani model were performed in order to evaluate force application when using the insertion tool
|
ST
|
5,432,442
|
NH abundantly present in CS and cooked foods is not mutagenic to salmonella typhimurium strains however NH shows mutagenicity to s typhimurium ta and yg in the presence of s mix when coexisting with aromatic amines including AN o and mtoluidines we previously reported that the mutagenicity from NH and AN in the presence of s mix was due to the formation of a mutagenic compound aminophenylhpyridobindole aminophenylnorharman in the present study we analyzed the mutagens produced by NH with o or mtoluidine in the presence of s mix when norharman and otoluidine were reacted at degrees c for min two mutagenic compounds which were mutagenic with and without s mix respectively were produced and these were isolated by hplc the former mutagen was deduced to be aminomethylphenylhpyridobindole aminomethylphenylnorharman on the basis of various spectral data and this new heterocyclic amine was confirmed by its chemical synthesis the latter mutagen was identified to be the hydroxyamino derivative aminomethylphenylnorharman induced revertants of ta and revertants of yg per microg with s mix formation of the same dna adducts was observed in yg when aminomethylphenylnorharman or a mixture of NH plus otoluidine was incubated with s mix these observations suggest that NH reacts with otoluidine in the presence of s mix to produce aminomethylphenylnorharman and this compound is metabolically activated to yield its hydroxyamino derivative after activation by OAT it might bind to dna and exert mutagenicity in s typhimurium ta and yg when NH and mtoluidine were reacted in the presence of s mix aminomethylphenylhpyridobindole aminomethylphenylnorharman was identified as a mutagen thus the mutagenicity of norharman with mtoluidine may follow a mechanism similar to that with otoluidine
|
[
187
] |
[
"norharman"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "norharman"?
NH abundantly present in CS and cooked foods is not mutagenic to salmonella typhimurium strains however NH shows mutagenicity to s typhimurium ta and yg in the presence of s mix when coexisting with aromatic amines including AN o and mtoluidines we previously reported that the mutagenicity from NH and AN in the presence of s mix was due to the formation of a mutagenic compound aminophenylhpyridobindole aminophenylnorharman in the present study we analyzed the mutagens produced by NH with o or mtoluidine in the presence of s mix when norharman and otoluidine were reacted at degrees c for min two mutagenic compounds which were mutagenic with and without s mix respectively were produced and these were isolated by hplc the former mutagen was deduced to be aminomethylphenylhpyridobindole aminomethylphenylnorharman on the basis of various spectral data and this new heterocyclic amine was confirmed by its chemical synthesis the latter mutagen was identified to be the hydroxyamino derivative aminomethylphenylnorharman induced revertants of ta and revertants of yg per microg with s mix formation of the same dna adducts was observed in yg when aminomethylphenylnorharman or a mixture of norharman plus otoluidine was incubated with s mix these observations suggest that NH reacts with otoluidine in the presence of s mix to produce aminomethylphenylnorharman and this compound is metabolically activated to yield its hydroxyamino derivative after activation by OAT it might bind to dna and exert mutagenicity in s typhimurium ta and yg when NH and mtoluidine were reacted in the presence of s mix aminomethylphenylhpyridobindole aminomethylphenylnorharman was identified as a mutagen thus the mutagenicity of norharman with mtoluidine may follow a mechanism similar to that with otoluidine
|
NH
|
15,822,259
|
to modify the performanceoriented mobility assessmentgait pomag subtest and validate this modified pomag mpomag in children with HOPS hpp a rare metabolic disorder that can manifest with musculoskeletal symptoms that impair mobility and ambulation
|
[
17
] |
[
"hypophosphatasia"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "hypophosphatasia"?
to modify the performanceoriented mobility assessmentgait pomag subtest and validate this modified pomag mpomag in children with hypophosphatasia hpp a rare metabolic disorder that can manifest with musculoskeletal symptoms that impair mobility and ambulation
|
HOPS
|
9,457,299
|
one of the limitations of nonselective MA oxidase mao inhibitors as antidepressant or antiparkinson drugs is their ability to potentiate the cardiovascular effect of oral tyramine resulting from inhibition of SVR maoa and PR of noradrenaline we have investigated the cardiovascular effect of oral tyramine in response to the novel multifunctional BB selective maoab inhibitor m nmethylnpropargylaminomethylhydroxyquinoline and compared it to the classical nonselective TCP tcp in rats we also measured maoa and b in the striatum hippocampus liver and small intestine and determined brain levels of dopamine noradrenaline and serotonin at the doses employed intraperitoneal ip m and mgkg selectively inhibited BB maoa and b by more than with little inhibition of CL and small intestine enzymes while raising striatal levels of dopamine noradrenaline and serotonin in contrast to tcp mgkg ip which fully inhibits both enzymes in the brain and systemic organs and significantly potentiates the tyramine pressor effect m had a limited pressor effect as compared to it and controls the limited potentiation of tyramine pressor effect by m its ability to raise BB C2 of aminergic neurotransmitters together with its neuroprotective and neurorestorative activities make this drug potentially important as an antidepressant and antiparkinsonian agent for which it is being developed
|
[
64
] |
[
"inhibitor tranylcypromine"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "inhibitor tranylcypromine"?
one of the limitations of nonselective MA oxidase mao inhibitors as antidepressant or antiparkinson drugs is their ability to potentiate the cardiovascular effect of oral tyramine resulting from inhibition of SVR maoa and PR of noradrenaline we have investigated the cardiovascular effect of oral tyramine in response to the novel multifunctional BB selective maoab inhibitor m nmethylnpropargylaminomethylhydroxyquinoline and compared it to the classical nonselective inhibitor tranylcypromine tcp in rats we also measured maoa and b in the striatum hippocampus liver and small intestine and determined brain levels of dopamine noradrenaline and serotonin at the doses employed intraperitoneal ip m and mgkg selectively inhibited BB maoa and b by more than with little inhibition of CL and small intestine enzymes while raising striatal levels of dopamine noradrenaline and serotonin in contrast to tcp mgkg ip which fully inhibits both enzymes in the brain and systemic organs and significantly potentiates the tyramine pressor effect m had a limited pressor effect as compared to it and controls the limited potentiation of tyramine pressor effect by m its ability to raise BB C2 of aminergic neurotransmitters together with its neuroprotective and neurorestorative activities make this drug potentially important as an antidepressant and antiparkinsonian agent for which it is being developed
|
TCP
|
15,478,814
|
to determine whether late gadolinium mri enhancement of colorectal LM crclm postchemotherapy is associated with tumour fibrosis and survival posthepatectomy
|
[
9
] |
[
"liver metastases"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "liver metastases"?
to determine whether late gadolinium mri enhancement of colorectal liver metastases crclm postchemotherapy is associated with tumour fibrosis and survival posthepatectomy
|
LM
|
3,937,052
|
determination of the optimal braking force fopt in the wingate anaerobic test want among healthy people has been determined based on TBM the abnormal MM to TBM ratio in individuals with NM disabilities invalidates this RPA this T0 was intended to validate the optimal force obtained from the force velocity test fvt and from an estimate of lean arm volume as two alternative predictors for the fopt twentyeight to yrold girls and boys with neuromuscular diseases performed the arm want six times three trials in each of two visits against various braking forces to directly determine fopt they also performed the arm force velocity test to assess optimal force foptfvt lean arm volume was determined by anthropometry alv and water MSD wlv correlations between fopt on the one hand and foptfvt wlv and alv on the other were r and respectively total body mass was the worst predictor r thus fopt obtained from either fvt or lean arm volume estimate is a useful predictor of the fopt for mean SP of the want in children and adolescents with a neuromuscular disability
|
[
21
] |
[
"total body mass"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "total body mass"?
determination of the optimal braking force fopt in the wingate anaerobic test want among healthy people has been determined based on total body mass the abnormal MM to TBM ratio in individuals with NM disabilities invalidates this RPA this T0 was intended to validate the optimal force obtained from the force velocity test fvt and from an estimate of lean arm volume as two alternative predictors for the fopt twentyeight to yrold girls and boys with neuromuscular diseases performed the arm want six times three trials in each of two visits against various braking forces to directly determine fopt they also performed the arm force velocity test to assess optimal force foptfvt lean arm volume was determined by anthropometry alv and water MSD wlv correlations between fopt on the one hand and foptfvt wlv and alv on the other were r and respectively total body mass was the worst predictor r thus fopt obtained from either fvt or lean arm volume estimate is a useful predictor of the fopt for mean SP of the want in children and adolescents with a neuromuscular disability
|
TBM
|
2,981,431
|
cytokines are critical to several fundamental homeostatic mechanisms such as fever acute phase reactions wound healing hematopoiesis inflammation cellular and humoral immune responses and tumor regression as a result of advances in recombinant dna technology recombinant cytokines are available as therapeutic agents they have been used for M1 cancers and immunodeficiencies as a therapy for naturally occurring or druginduced anemias or leukopenias and they have also been applied to some cutaneous disorders cytokine therapy can result in toxic reactions that affect many organ systems especially the skin these reactions are common and diverse ranging from minor ISRs pruritus and flushing to lifethreatening autoimmune disorders severe erythroderma or bullous skin reactions this review focuses on the major cytokines that are in current clinical use or under investigation and describes the cutaneous complications of these agents
|
[
96
] |
[
"injection site reactions"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
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{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "injection site reactions"?
cytokines are critical to several fundamental homeostatic mechanisms such as fever acute phase reactions wound healing hematopoiesis inflammation cellular and humoral immune responses and tumor regression as a result of advances in recombinant dna technology recombinant cytokines are available as therapeutic agents they have been used for M1 cancers and immunodeficiencies as a therapy for naturally occurring or druginduced anemias or leukopenias and they have also been applied to some cutaneous disorders cytokine therapy can result in toxic reactions that affect many organ systems especially the skin these reactions are common and diverse ranging from minor injection site reactions pruritus and flushing to lifethreatening autoimmune disorders severe erythroderma or bullous skin reactions this review focuses on the major cytokines that are in current clinical use or under investigation and describes the cutaneous complications of these agents
|
ISRs
|
2,272,969
|
to determine whether propressophysin vasopressinneurophysin F0 is present in HP the nature of the immunoreactive neurophysin was characterized by GF when plasma samples obtained from six patients with the SIADH due to central nervous system disease were fractionated on a column of sephadex g in n acetic acid virtually all of the NSN nsn immunoreactivity coeluted with ilabeled nsn in contrast gel filtration of plasma from six patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung with ectopic vasopressin production consistently demonstrated in addition a peak of a higher molecular weight hmw form of NP this hmw NP represented of the total nsn immunoreactivity in plasma and its elution profile was not changed when chromatographed after incubation in m urea on sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel PACE the hmw NP ran in the dalton area of the gel a substantial portion of the hmw neurophysin appeared to be a glycoprotein judging from its IB to concanavalin a when the hmw neurophysin was incubated with TR most of the immunoreactivity was converted into a smaller neurophysin which bound to a vasopressinagarose column in a phdependent manner moreover a definite peak of immunoreactive vasopressin appeared after the trypsin treatment this peak coeluted with synthetic Arg vasopressin on gel filtration and had the characteristic affinity of vasopressin for neurophysinagarose these results indicate that propressophysin circulates in patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung with ectopic vasopressin production and suggest that plasma propressophysin may be a marker for ectopic vasopressin production
|
[
93
] |
[
"neurophysin"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
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Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "neurophysin"?
to determine whether propressophysin vasopressinneurophysin F0 is present in HP the nature of the immunoreactive neurophysin was characterized by GF when plasma samples obtained from six patients with the SIADH due to central nervous system disease were fractionated on a column of sephadex g in n acetic acid virtually all of the NSN nsn immunoreactivity coeluted with ilabeled nsn in contrast gel filtration of plasma from six patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung with ectopic vasopressin production consistently demonstrated in addition a peak of a higher molecular weight hmw form of neurophysin this hmw NP represented of the total nsn immunoreactivity in plasma and its elution profile was not changed when chromatographed after incubation in m urea on sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel PACE the hmw NP ran in the dalton area of the gel a substantial portion of the hmw neurophysin appeared to be a glycoprotein judging from its IB to concanavalin a when the hmw neurophysin was incubated with TR most of the immunoreactivity was converted into a smaller neurophysin which bound to a vasopressinagarose column in a phdependent manner moreover a definite peak of immunoreactive vasopressin appeared after the trypsin treatment this peak coeluted with synthetic Arg vasopressin on gel filtration and had the characteristic affinity of vasopressin for neurophysinagarose these results indicate that propressophysin circulates in patients with oat cell carcinoma of the lung with ectopic vasopressin production and suggest that plasma propressophysin may be a marker for ectopic vasopressin production
|
NP
|
11,546,217
|
hand osteoarthritis hoa is a prevalent condition for which treatments are based on analgesia and physical therapies our primary objective was to evaluate pain perception in participants with hoa by assessing the characteristics of nodal involvement pain threshold in each hand joint and radiological severity we hypothesised that inflammation in hand osteoarthritis joints enhances sensitivity and firing of IP nociceptors thereby causing chronic pain participants with proximal and DIP pip and dip joint hoa and nonoa controls were recruited clinical parameters of joint involvement were measured including clinical nodes vas visual analogue score for pain mm scale haq health assessment questionnaire and kellgrenlawrence scores for radiological severity and pain threshold measurement were performed the mean vas in hoa participants was mm ± compared with mm ± in the control group p quantitative sensory testing qst demonstrated lower pain thresholds in dippip joints and other subgroups in the oa group including the thumb metacarpophalangeal mcps joints and wrists p but not in controls p our data demonstrate that hoa subjects are sensitised to pain due to increased firing of IP nociceptors future work to evaluate mechanisms of peripheral sensitisation warrants further investigation
|
[
68
] |
[
"distal interphalangeal"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "distal interphalangeal"?
hand osteoarthritis hoa is a prevalent condition for which treatments are based on analgesia and physical therapies our primary objective was to evaluate pain perception in participants with hoa by assessing the characteristics of nodal involvement pain threshold in each hand joint and radiological severity we hypothesised that inflammation in hand osteoarthritis joints enhances sensitivity and firing of IP nociceptors thereby causing chronic pain participants with proximal and distal interphalangeal pip and dip joint hoa and nonoa controls were recruited clinical parameters of joint involvement were measured including clinical nodes vas visual analogue score for pain mm scale haq health assessment questionnaire and kellgrenlawrence scores for radiological severity and pain threshold measurement were performed the mean vas in hoa participants was mm ± compared with mm ± in the control group p quantitative sensory testing qst demonstrated lower pain thresholds in dippip joints and other subgroups in the oa group including the thumb metacarpophalangeal mcps joints and wrists p but not in controls p our data demonstrate that hoa subjects are sensitised to pain due to increased firing of IP nociceptors future work to evaluate mechanisms of peripheral sensitisation warrants further investigation
|
DIP
|
1,319,031
|
metabolic alkalosis was induced in clinically normal horses by administration of furosemide mgkg of body weight im followed hours later by sodium bicarbonate nahco g in l water via NG tube furosemide diuresis resulted in a mean weight loss of kg which was associated with small but significant increases in A-V blood ph bicarbonate and plasma protein concentrations p less than while plasma potassium chloride and calcium concentrations declined significantly p less than oral administration of the hypertonic nahco solution resulted in clinical evidence of hypovolemia which was accompanied by a marked increase p less than in plasma protein concentration seven of the horses developed signs of NM excitability as evidenced by muscle fasciculations and of the horses developed diaphragmatic flutter hypernatremia was transiently induced but it resolved as the horses were allowed access to water the alkalosis induced by furosemide and nahco was profound and persisted for a hour period and was associated with marked hypochloremia and hypokalemia partial replacement of the electrolyte deficits and correction of the metabolic alkalosis was attempted using meq of nacl or kcl given as an isotonic solution via NG tube in the kcltreated group there was a prompt and significant decline in A-V blood ph and bicarbonate concentration p less than accompanied by a significant increase in PK p less than abstract truncated at words
|
[
214
] |
[
"plasma potassium concentration"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "plasma potassium concentration"?
metabolic alkalosis was induced in clinically normal horses by administration of furosemide mgkg of body weight im followed hours later by sodium bicarbonate nahco g in l water via NG tube furosemide diuresis resulted in a mean weight loss of kg which was associated with small but significant increases in A-V blood ph bicarbonate and plasma protein concentrations p less than while plasma potassium chloride and calcium concentrations declined significantly p less than oral administration of the hypertonic nahco solution resulted in clinical evidence of hypovolemia which was accompanied by a marked increase p less than in plasma protein concentration seven of the horses developed signs of NM excitability as evidenced by muscle fasciculations and of the horses developed diaphragmatic flutter hypernatremia was transiently induced but it resolved as the horses were allowed access to water the alkalosis induced by furosemide and nahco was profound and persisted for a hour period and was associated with marked hypochloremia and hypokalemia partial replacement of the electrolyte deficits and correction of the metabolic alkalosis was attempted using meq of nacl or kcl given as an isotonic solution via NG tube in the kcltreated group there was a prompt and significant decline in A-V blood ph and bicarbonate concentration p less than accompanied by a significant increase in plasma potassium concentration p less than abstract truncated at words
|
PK
|
7,648,981
|
a method was developed for the determination of the biocide OPP biphenylol opp in beer using deuterated opp as an internal standard a new LLE procedure employing acetonitrile diethyl ether and npentane afforded rapid phase separation the evaporated extract was derivatized with pentafluorobenzyl bromide in a wateracetonitrile mixture that was buffered with potassium carbonate followed by SE of the derivative into cyclohexane and analysis by gas chromatographymass spectrometry in electron ionization mode the method enables the PCD of opp in ml of beer at concentrations as low as microgl and provides a linear range of quantification of microgl samples from beers canned over the past years and sold in countries were analyzed for opp in of them the target compound was present at concentrations of microgl our investigations indicate that the ends of the cans which contain sealing material presumably treated with opp are responsible for this contamination
|
[
10
] |
[
"orthophenylphenol"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "orthophenylphenol"?
a method was developed for the determination of the biocide orthophenylphenol biphenylol opp in beer using deuterated opp as an internal standard a new LLE procedure employing acetonitrile diethyl ether and npentane afforded rapid phase separation the evaporated extract was derivatized with pentafluorobenzyl bromide in a wateracetonitrile mixture that was buffered with potassium carbonate followed by SE of the derivative into cyclohexane and analysis by gas chromatographymass spectrometry in electron ionization mode the method enables the PCD of opp in ml of beer at concentrations as low as microgl and provides a linear range of quantification of microgl samples from beers canned over the past years and sold in countries were analyzed for opp in of them the target compound was present at concentrations of microgl our investigations indicate that the ends of the cans which contain sealing material presumably treated with opp are responsible for this contamination
|
OPP
|
2,656,632
|
thirtytwo female mice infected with Sm and noninfected control mice were studied they were killed by C2 dislocation dissected and their ovaries examined histopathologically and histochemically ovaries of INF mice showed definite structural damage no ova worms or specific granulomata were detected the T0 points to a possible immunological mechanism producing such changes simulating those occurring in schistosomal nephropathy PCD of immune complexes in such organs is recommended
|
[
5
] |
[
"schistosoma mansoni"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "schistosoma mansoni"?
thirtytwo female mice infected with schistosoma mansoni and noninfected control mice were studied they were killed by C2 dislocation dissected and their ovaries examined histopathologically and histochemically ovaries of INF mice showed definite structural damage no ova worms or specific granulomata were detected the T0 points to a possible immunological mechanism producing such changes simulating those occurring in schistosomal nephropathy PCD of immune complexes in such organs is recommended
|
Sm
|
11,651,087
|
this paper was aimed to study the minimum dose of human chorionic gonadotropin hcg to effectively trigger maturation of oocytes and prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ohss in a series of hyperresponders treated with a long gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist gnrha protocol six women at high risk of developing severe ohss in a long gnrha protocol were enrolled into this T0 serum hormone C2 on the day of and after hcg administration AFC oocyte retrieval number and quality were determined in total women aged between and years and at risk of developing severe ohss received u hcg five of them were treated with coasting for day and the rest one for days the mean number of oocytes collected was range and the FR per collected oocyte was of the women in the T0 only one cancelled embryos transfer and all embryos were frozen and then she delivered two health boys on term in the subsequent FT embryo transfer fet cycle pregnancies and births were achieved in patients out of in vitro fertilizationembryo transfer ivfet cycles no woman developed moderate or severe ohss triggering with u hcg is feasible to prevent ohss in unpredicted hyperresponders undergoing ivf in a long gnrha protocol
|
[
71
] |
[
"antral follicle count"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "antral follicle count"?
this paper was aimed to study the minimum dose of human chorionic gonadotropin hcg to effectively trigger maturation of oocytes and prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ohss in a series of hyperresponders treated with a long gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist gnrha protocol six women at high risk of developing severe ohss in a long gnrha protocol were enrolled into this T0 serum hormone C2 on the day of and after hcg administration antral follicle count oocyte retrieval number and quality were determined in total women aged between and years and at risk of developing severe ohss received u hcg five of them were treated with coasting for day and the rest one for days the mean number of oocytes collected was range and the FR per collected oocyte was of the women in the T0 only one cancelled embryos transfer and all embryos were frozen and then she delivered two health boys on term in the subsequent FT embryo transfer fet cycle pregnancies and births were achieved in patients out of in vitro fertilizationembryo transfer ivfet cycles no woman developed moderate or severe ohss triggering with u hcg is feasible to prevent ohss in unpredicted hyperresponders undergoing ivf in a long gnrha protocol
|
AFC
|
175,338
|
a recent study olive and spickenagel j acoust soc am has shown that area parameters derived from LP analysis can be linearly interpolated between dyad boundaries with very little distortion in the resultant synthesized speech the success of area parameter interpolation raises a question can other acoustic parameters such as the PS of the speech waveform be similarly interpolated the spectrum is of special interest because speech can be synthesized in real time from spectral parameters on a programmable digital filter to study this question a speech analysissynthesis system using spectral parameters samples of power spectra at different frequencies was simulated these parameters were determined from the speech signal at every dyad boundary and interpolated for intermediate values dyad boundaries representing the limits of transition regions between phonemes were determined manually informal listening tests comparing synthetic speech with and without linear interpolation showed slight degradation in the interpolated speech this Kd is significantly reduced by using an additional point within the dyad boundaries for interpolation
|
[
17
] |
[
"linear prediction"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "linear prediction"?
a recent study olive and spickenagel j acoust soc am has shown that area parameters derived from linear prediction analysis can be linearly interpolated between dyad boundaries with very little distortion in the resultant synthesized speech the success of area parameter interpolation raises a question can other acoustic parameters such as the PS of the speech waveform be similarly interpolated the spectrum is of special interest because speech can be synthesized in real time from spectral parameters on a programmable digital filter to study this question a speech analysissynthesis system using spectral parameters samples of power spectra at different frequencies was simulated these parameters were determined from the speech signal at every dyad boundary and interpolated for intermediate values dyad boundaries representing the limits of transition regions between phonemes were determined manually informal listening tests comparing synthetic speech with and without linear interpolation showed slight degradation in the interpolated speech this Kd is significantly reduced by using an additional point within the dyad boundaries for interpolation
|
LP
|
640,198
|
synthesis in escherichia coli of correctly folded Fab that bind antigen with the same affinity as the whole antibody is now possible here i review the techniques for achieving this and the physical properties of the various fragments produced this technology not only facilitates antibody engineering but is also the basis of screening libraries for CBA although the immunization of animals has not been made unnecessary in the production of monoclonal antibodies steps toward this goal are now feasible
|
[
7
] |
[
"antibody fragments"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "antibody fragments"?
synthesis in escherichia coli of correctly folded antibody fragments that bind antigen with the same affinity as the whole antibody is now possible here i review the techniques for achieving this and the physical properties of the various fragments produced this technology not only facilitates antibody engineering but is also the basis of screening libraries for CBA although the immunization of animals has not been made unnecessary in the production of monoclonal antibodies steps toward this goal are now feasible
|
Fab
|
5,191,527
|
because previous investigations suggested involvement of the gld fasl in the selection process in the follicular dendritic cell fdcassociated cell cluster of the germinal center we investigated the expression of fasl in hodgkin lymphoma hl on protein and rna level while considering the epsteinbarr virus status of the hodgkin and RS hrs cells tumor tissue from patients with classic hl NS ns mixed cellularity mc and lymphocyterich lr was analyzed by immunohistochemistry for fasl fas cd and cd and by WB for fasl fasl mrna was detected by an exon TPS oligonucleotide and epsteinbarr virus infection by in situ hybridization for epsteinbarr virus early rnas eber WB showed soluble and membranebound forms of fasl immunohistochemistry showed fasl expression in virtually all hrs of of ns cases and of mc cases fasl expression did not correlate with the epsteinbarr virus status of the hrs low fasl protein expression was found in some hrs of lr cases fasl mrna was detected in of ns of mc and of lr cases seventy percent to of the hrs cells expressed fas cd immunohistochemistry showed disrupted fdc networks in the tumor tissue with reduced and virtually absent expression of cd and fasl these observations suggest that fasl expression in hrs cells and the absence of fasl in the fdc cluster represent a disturbed microenvironment that may be involved in the pathogenesis of hl
|
[
60
] |
[
"nodular sclerosis"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "nodular sclerosis"?
because previous investigations suggested involvement of the gld fasl in the selection process in the follicular dendritic cell fdcassociated cell cluster of the germinal center we investigated the expression of fasl in hodgkin lymphoma hl on protein and rna level while considering the epsteinbarr virus status of the hodgkin and RS hrs cells tumor tissue from patients with classic hl nodular sclerosis ns mixed cellularity mc and lymphocyterich lr was analyzed by immunohistochemistry for fasl fas cd and cd and by WB for fasl fasl mrna was detected by an exon TPS oligonucleotide and epsteinbarr virus infection by in situ hybridization for epsteinbarr virus early rnas eber WB showed soluble and membranebound forms of fasl immunohistochemistry showed fasl expression in virtually all hrs of of ns cases and of mc cases fasl expression did not correlate with the epsteinbarr virus status of the hrs low fasl protein expression was found in some hrs of lr cases fasl mrna was detected in of ns of mc and of lr cases seventy percent to of the hrs cells expressed fas cd immunohistochemistry showed disrupted fdc networks in the tumor tissue with reduced and virtually absent expression of cd and fasl these observations suggest that fasl expression in hrs cells and the absence of fasl in the fdc cluster represent a disturbed microenvironment that may be involved in the pathogenesis of hl
|
NS
|
5,518,762
|
the wirelocalized extirpation is the gold standard for the examination of nonpalpable lesions suspicious of malignancy less invasive techniques were introduced in the last years offering also a high diagnostic reliability e g stereotactic core needle biopsy the T3 breast biopsy and the vacuum core biopsy based on an analysis of vacuum core breast biopsies and the following interventions in the case of carcinoma recommendations for the management of the nonpalpable breast carcinoma diagnosed by vacuum core biopsy should be developed in patients carcinomas were found necessitating further operations these were ptis or ptpnmcarcinomas and only in one case an occult ptpnmcarcinoma we recommend a short interval between CB and operation a preoperative localization of the clips e g the residual microcalcification and the controlled placement of the hooked wire that should also be performed at the mammotomer using the same way to the tumor furthermore it is necessary to excise the core biopsy localization channel en bloc together with a wide tumour excision an intraoperative histological examination of the specimen should be performed to confirm tumourfree excision borders for this the position of specimen should be marked by a thread and a specimen radiography should be made for the orientation of the pathologist and for documentation a LT followup of these patients under T0 conditions should be considered patients with benign diagnosis not undergoing GA and operation with the consequences for later radiological evaluation mostly profit from vacuum core breast biopsy for patients with carcinoma the costs of the perioperative management increase this should have consequences for the quality assurance of this method
|
[
108
] |
[
"core biopsy"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "core biopsy"?
the wirelocalized extirpation is the gold standard for the examination of nonpalpable lesions suspicious of malignancy less invasive techniques were introduced in the last years offering also a high diagnostic reliability e g stereotactic core needle biopsy the T3 breast biopsy and the vacuum core biopsy based on an analysis of vacuum core breast biopsies and the following interventions in the case of carcinoma recommendations for the management of the nonpalpable breast carcinoma diagnosed by vacuum core biopsy should be developed in patients carcinomas were found necessitating further operations these were ptis or ptpnmcarcinomas and only in one case an occult ptpnmcarcinoma we recommend a short interval between core biopsy and operation a preoperative localization of the clips e g the residual microcalcification and the controlled placement of the hooked wire that should also be performed at the mammotomer using the same way to the tumor furthermore it is necessary to excise the core biopsy localization channel en bloc together with a wide tumour excision an intraoperative histological examination of the specimen should be performed to confirm tumourfree excision borders for this the position of specimen should be marked by a thread and a specimen radiography should be made for the orientation of the pathologist and for documentation a LT followup of these patients under T0 conditions should be considered patients with benign diagnosis not undergoing GA and operation with the consequences for later radiological evaluation mostly profit from vacuum core breast biopsy for patients with carcinoma the costs of the perioperative management increase this should have consequences for the quality assurance of this method
|
CB
|
8,478,948
|
lectin histochemistry was performed on mouse uteri to determine what effects leukemia GABA factor lif has on carbohydrate epitope expressions at the time of implantation twentytwo biotinylated lectins were used in this study following i.t. of lif SB to the apical surface of the uterine glandular epithelium ge was recognized by six lectins particularly IB of the lectin from griffonia bandeiraea simplicifolia was specific to the GE close to the luminal epithelium succinylated wheat germ agglutinin wga which has specificity for oligosaccharides recognized by wga without sialic acid residues showed weaker binding to the uterine luminal epithelium le and the stroma than wga suggesting that terminal residues of glycoconjugates on these tissues may be modified by sialic acids lectin IB to the glandular and luminal epithelium was not influenced by lif however three lectins including a lectin from DBA showed specificity for stromal vessels h T3 lif injection since the lectin from d biflorus binds to neovascular vessels lif may play a role in regulating maternal angiogenesis directly andor indirectly during implantation
|
[
138
] |
[
"dolichos biflorus"
] |
create_abbrev_after
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{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "dolichos biflorus"?
lectin histochemistry was performed on mouse uteri to determine what effects leukemia GABA factor lif has on carbohydrate epitope expressions at the time of implantation twentytwo biotinylated lectins were used in this study following i.t. of lif SB to the apical surface of the uterine glandular epithelium ge was recognized by six lectins particularly IB of the lectin from griffonia bandeiraea simplicifolia was specific to the GE close to the luminal epithelium succinylated wheat germ agglutinin wga which has specificity for oligosaccharides recognized by wga without sialic acid residues showed weaker binding to the uterine luminal epithelium le and the stroma than wga suggesting that terminal residues of glycoconjugates on these tissues may be modified by sialic acids lectin IB to the glandular and luminal epithelium was not influenced by lif however three lectins including a lectin from dolichos biflorus showed specificity for stromal vessels h T3 lif injection since the lectin from d biflorus binds to neovascular vessels lif may play a role in regulating maternal angiogenesis directly andor indirectly during implantation
|
DBA
|
2,930,040
|
the clinical course of patients was determined during an average of years following the angiographic demonstration of coronary artery spasm cas seventeen patients received medical treatment after the demonstration of coronary spasm and six patients had cardiac surgery twentythree patients were living and two patients had died at the time of followup twentyone of the surviving patients has either no chest pain or markedly reduced symptoms however the demonstration of cas by angiography was associated with a high incidence of subsequent cardiac complications which included MI four patients cardiac arrest four patients and death two patients we concluded from this study that after the demonstration of cas by angiography the clinical course was VL with most patients of patients having improvement of symptoms at the time of followup major cardiac complications were frequent out of patients and although clinical and coronary angiographic features were of limited use in predicting major cardiac complications most of the patients who had an uncomplicated course of patients had either less than fixed coronary i.a. luminal diameter narrowing can or coronary i.a. bypass graft operations the majority of patients with less than can of patients had no L1 cardiac complications and myocardial infarction or death usually occurred during periods of increased angina pectoris
|
[
192
] |
[
"major"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "major"?
the clinical course of patients was determined during an average of years following the angiographic demonstration of coronary artery spasm cas seventeen patients received medical treatment after the demonstration of coronary spasm and six patients had cardiac surgery twentythree patients were living and two patients had died at the time of followup twentyone of the surviving patients has either no chest pain or markedly reduced symptoms however the demonstration of cas by angiography was associated with a high incidence of subsequent cardiac complications which included MI four patients cardiac arrest four patients and death two patients we concluded from this study that after the demonstration of cas by angiography the clinical course was VL with most patients of patients having improvement of symptoms at the time of followup major cardiac complications were frequent out of patients and although clinical and coronary angiographic features were of limited use in predicting major cardiac complications most of the patients who had an uncomplicated course of patients had either less than fixed coronary i.a. luminal diameter narrowing can or coronary i.a. bypass graft operations the majority of patients with less than can of patients had no major cardiac complications and myocardial infarction or death usually occurred during periods of increased angina pectoris
|
L1
|
5,818,273
|
in NHS a small proportion of peripheral blood tcells simultaneously express both cd and cd differentiation antigens in this study we characterized a subset of cd clones from a healthy donor that is TPS for the thyrotropin receptor tshr and that showed cells coexpressing the CR2 to address whether the expression of the cd receptor on the cell membrane was associated to differences in the physiology of the tcells we isolated from the same clone cd SP sp cells from those coexpressing cdcd receptors dp cells and stimulated them in vitro with antigen presenting cells apc carrying tshr the results demonstrated that cd coexpression has a profound effect on the physiology of t helper th cells in comparison to cells expressing the cd receptor alone dp tcells showed increased proliferation higher and more sustained release of free ca in the cytosol under CS- lower C2 of il and il released in the S9 increased amounts of Th1 released
|
[
76
] |
[
"single positive"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "single positive"?
in NHS a small proportion of peripheral blood tcells simultaneously express both cd and cd differentiation antigens in this study we characterized a subset of cd clones from a healthy donor that is TPS for the thyrotropin receptor tshr and that showed cells coexpressing the CR2 to address whether the expression of the cd receptor on the cell membrane was associated to differences in the physiology of the tcells we isolated from the same clone cd single positive sp cells from those coexpressing cdcd receptors dp cells and stimulated them in vitro with antigen presenting cells apc carrying tshr the results demonstrated that cd coexpression has a profound effect on the physiology of t helper th cells in comparison to cells expressing the cd receptor alone dp tcells showed increased proliferation higher and more sustained release of free ca in the cytosol under CS- lower C2 of il and il released in the S9 increased amounts of Th1 released
|
SP
|
3,230,028
|
morphine is the preferred opioid analgesic in pediatric cancer pain due to extensive clinical experience with it significant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data following oral and parenteral administration global availability and the OD of controlledrelease formulations RCTs are needed to fully evaluate the pharmacokinetics dose equivalence clinical efficacy and safety of other opioid analgesics in CA pain PCTs are also needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant analgesics in children including TCAs anticonvulsants and antiarrhythmics for NP and corticosteroids and diphosphonates for bone pain unfortunately the number of children with CA pain and SD analgesic requirements is usually not C1 enough to support wellcontrolled PCTs at a single institution consequently multicentre and perhaps multinational efforts are necessary to fully evaluate opioid pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics and dosage guidelines in children with CA
|
[
77
] |
[
"neuropathic pain"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "neuropathic pain"?
morphine is the preferred opioid analgesic in pediatric cancer pain due to extensive clinical experience with it significant pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data following oral and parenteral administration global availability and the OD of controlledrelease formulations RCTs are needed to fully evaluate the pharmacokinetics dose equivalence clinical efficacy and safety of other opioid analgesics in CA pain PCTs are also needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant analgesics in children including TCAs anticonvulsants and antiarrhythmics for neuropathic pain and corticosteroids and diphosphonates for bone pain unfortunately the number of children with CA pain and SD analgesic requirements is usually not C1 enough to support wellcontrolled PCTs at a single institution consequently multicentre and perhaps multinational efforts are necessary to fully evaluate opioid pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics and dosage guidelines in children with CA
|
NP
|
5,231,275
|
a T0 was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of doramectin po intramuscularly at a dose rate of microgkg to sheep harbouring naturally acquired infections of gastrointestinal nematodes and oestrus ovis in the southwestern region of france on day sheep were selected on the basis of positive faecal egg counts epg and positive assessment of o ovis infection including positive o ovis antibody level and positive CS the sheep were randomly allocated to a nonmedicated control group t or a doramectintreated group t of animals each on day sheep in group t received a single IM injection of doramectin microgkg whereas those in group t received an intramuscular injection of saline solution sodium chloride mlkg individual faecal epg were performed on days and between days and all sheep were slaughtered and worm and o ovis burdens were determined in doramectintreated sheep faecal egg counts had decreased to zero by day for all recovered types of nematode eggs strongyles nematodirus sp trichuris sp and rhabditidae sp for strongyles nematodirus sp and rhabditidae the percentage reductions in faecal epg GMs of doramectintreated sheep compared to the nonmedicated control sheep were from days for trichuris sp they were and on days and respectively on day percentage reductions were for nematodirus sp and rhabditidae and and for strongyles and trichuris sp respectively at necropsy only adult nematodes and mainly firststage o ovis larvae were recovered doramectin was highly efficacious against the AD stages of teladorsagia circumcincta nematodirus battus nematodirus filicollis oesophagostomum venulosum and trichuris sp it was also efficacious against L1 of o ovis no abnormal clinical signs or adverse reactions in any of the sheep treated with doramectin were observed
|
[
66
] |
[
"clinical score"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "clinical score"?
a T0 was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of doramectin po intramuscularly at a dose rate of microgkg to sheep harbouring naturally acquired infections of gastrointestinal nematodes and oestrus ovis in the southwestern region of france on day sheep were selected on the basis of positive faecal egg counts epg and positive assessment of o ovis infection including positive o ovis antibody level and positive clinical score the sheep were randomly allocated to a nonmedicated control group t or a doramectintreated group t of animals each on day sheep in group t received a single IM injection of doramectin microgkg whereas those in group t received an intramuscular injection of saline solution sodium chloride mlkg individual faecal epg were performed on days and between days and all sheep were slaughtered and worm and o ovis burdens were determined in doramectintreated sheep faecal egg counts had decreased to zero by day for all recovered types of nematode eggs strongyles nematodirus sp trichuris sp and rhabditidae sp for strongyles nematodirus sp and rhabditidae the percentage reductions in faecal epg GMs of doramectintreated sheep compared to the nonmedicated control sheep were from days for trichuris sp they were and on days and respectively on day percentage reductions were for nematodirus sp and rhabditidae and and for strongyles and trichuris sp respectively at necropsy only adult nematodes and mainly firststage o ovis larvae were recovered doramectin was highly efficacious against the AD stages of teladorsagia circumcincta nematodirus battus nematodirus filicollis oesophagostomum venulosum and trichuris sp it was also efficacious against L1 of o ovis no abnormal clinical signs or adverse reactions in any of the sheep treated with doramectin were observed
|
CS
|
8,728,654
|
although most cellular iron is firmly bound eg in haemoglobin some the LIP lip is bound to lowaffinity ligands the lip is regarded as the crossroads of cellular iron traffic using multiparameter flowcytometry of cells treated with the metalsensitive sensor calcein and the cellpermeable chelator deferiprone we studied lip in various human erythroid cell populations in peripheral blood bone marrow and culture erythroid maturation was found to be associated with a decrease in the lip in the peripheral blood NRBCs normoblasts had fold and fold greater lip than reticulocytes and erythrocytes respectively early reticulocytes had fold more lip than late reticulocytes in the bonemarrow and in culture lip decreased by c fold as early BFU-E matured to late precursors adding holotransferrin to irondepleted cultures elevated lip by fold we also show that in betathalassaemia a disease associated with ironoverload erythrocytes and reticulocytes in the blood and BFU-E in culture have a significantly greater lip than their normal counterparts in conclusion the lip in erythroid cells is altered under physiological maturation and pathological thalassaemia conditions the methodology presented might be useful for evaluating the lip in various diseases and for studying the efficacy of ironchelators
|
[
79
] |
[
"nucleated erythrocytes"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "nucleated erythrocytes"?
although most cellular iron is firmly bound eg in haemoglobin some the LIP lip is bound to lowaffinity ligands the lip is regarded as the crossroads of cellular iron traffic using multiparameter flowcytometry of cells treated with the metalsensitive sensor calcein and the cellpermeable chelator deferiprone we studied lip in various human erythroid cell populations in peripheral blood bone marrow and culture erythroid maturation was found to be associated with a decrease in the lip in the peripheral blood nucleated erythrocytes normoblasts had fold and fold greater lip than reticulocytes and erythrocytes respectively early reticulocytes had fold more lip than late reticulocytes in the bonemarrow and in culture lip decreased by c fold as early BFU-E matured to late precursors adding holotransferrin to irondepleted cultures elevated lip by fold we also show that in betathalassaemia a disease associated with ironoverload erythrocytes and reticulocytes in the blood and BFU-E in culture have a significantly greater lip than their normal counterparts in conclusion the lip in erythroid cells is altered under physiological maturation and pathological thalassaemia conditions the methodology presented might be useful for evaluating the lip in various diseases and for studying the efficacy of ironchelators
|
NRBCs
|
7,260,858
|
the xlnd gene from pseudomonas alcaligenes ncimb CS px was shown to encode hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase i the enzyme that catalyzes the nadhdependent conversion of hydroxybenzoate to gentisate active recombinant xlnd was purified as a hexahistidine FP from escherichia coli had an estimated molecular mass of kda and is probably a trimeric protein with a subunit mass of kda this is in contrast to the monomeric nature of the few hydroxybenzoate hydroxylases that have been characterized thus far like other 4-HBA hydroxylases xlnd could utilize either nadh or nadph as the electron donor px harbors a second 4-HBA hydroxylase ii that was strictly inducible by specific aromatic substrates however the Kd of xylenol and xylenol in CS px was found to be dependent on the xlndencoded hydroxylase i and not the second strictly inducible hydroxylase ii
|
[
79
] |
[
"hydroxybenzoate"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "hydroxybenzoate"?
the xlnd gene from pseudomonas alcaligenes ncimb CS px was shown to encode hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase i the enzyme that catalyzes the nadhdependent conversion of hydroxybenzoate to gentisate active recombinant xlnd was purified as a hexahistidine FP from escherichia coli had an estimated molecular mass of kda and is probably a trimeric protein with a subunit mass of kda this is in contrast to the monomeric nature of the few hydroxybenzoate hydroxylases that have been characterized thus far like other hydroxybenzoate hydroxylases xlnd could utilize either nadh or nadph as the electron donor px harbors a second 4-HBA hydroxylase ii that was strictly inducible by specific aromatic substrates however the Kd of xylenol and xylenol in CS px was found to be dependent on the xlndencoded hydroxylase i and not the second strictly inducible hydroxylase ii
|
4-HBA
|
15,941,530
|
the present study aimed to investigate whether the response R2 of infants to modified CIMT and bimanual therapy are associated with different types of brain lesions
|
[
14
] |
[
"constraintinduced movement therapy"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "constraintinduced movement therapy"?
the present study aimed to investigate whether the response R2 of infants to modified constraintinduced movement therapy and bimanual therapy are associated with different types of brain lesions
|
CIMT
|
8,748,142
|
a biological process for removal of mercury from coal is under investigation iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria have previously been used for desulfurization of coal and for mineral mining we have shown that removal of mercury from coal is also possible via the same principles two pure cultures leptospirillum ferrooxidans and acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and four environmental consortium samples obtained from an AMD site were studied for mercury removal from coal four different coal samples were included in the study and the preliminary results have shown that up to of the mercury can be removed in batch cultures compared to control additional parameters such as media composition and inoculum size were also studied this is the first report demonstrating successful leaching of mercury from coal using biological treatment
|
[
61
] |
[
"acid mine drainage"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "acid mine drainage"?
a biological process for removal of mercury from coal is under investigation iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria have previously been used for desulfurization of coal and for mineral mining we have shown that removal of mercury from coal is also possible via the same principles two pure cultures leptospirillum ferrooxidans and acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and four environmental consortium samples obtained from an acid mine drainage site were studied for mercury removal from coal four different coal samples were included in the study and the preliminary results have shown that up to of the mercury can be removed in batch cultures compared to control additional parameters such as media composition and inoculum size were also studied this is the first report demonstrating successful leaching of mercury from coal using biological treatment
|
AMD
|
3,024,786
|
apoptosis has been investigated in nb a t HL-60 leukemia cell line susceptible to maturation by alltrans or cis retinoic acid and in nbr a subclone resistant to differentiation maturation resistant nbr cells exhibited an ON of cell death after ratreatment h whereas maturation responsive nb cells showed no such apoptosis cell death being considerably delayed T3 cell maturation only a few nbr cells underwent apoptosis in response to low doses of ra below microm the surviving cells became refractory to higher doses of ra while these cells became resistant to apoptosis they became competent for maturation typically these raprimed cells responded to camp by maturation then apoptosis followed rapidly this MM furnishes situations where cells are either resistant or susceptible to apoptosis depending on whether they can or cannot undergo maturation the potential role of the bcl protein in the regulation of apoptosis was analyzed in nb and nbr cell lines a high expression of the bcl protein was detected by immunocytology and WB nb cells treated with either alltrans or cis retinoic acid microm were induced to differentiate and the level of Bcl-2 decreased to undetectable C2 during terminal maturation when only a few AI cells were detected in nbr cells while treatment with retinoids does not induce maturation as much as of cells became apoptotic and immunocytological labelling of nbr showed a strong cytoplasmic labelling of bcl although the expression of bcl remained high cells were not protected from apoptosis to assess whether bcl expression could be modulated as a consequence of differentiation nbr cells previously primed for maturation were triggered with camp downregulation of bcl protein occurred concomitant with maturation followed by apoptosis clearly nb and nbr cells show reciprocal SMB with regards to proliferation maturation bcl regulation and apoptosis in response to ra our results suggest first that the bcl downregulation in nb cells belongs to the maturation program rather than to apoptosis and second that neither a high bcl expression in nb cells is sufficient to protect cells from cis ra induced apoptosis nor is its full downregulation sufficient to produce apoptosis finally this work suggests that apoptosis and maturation programs include events which cannot occur simultaneously
|
[
8
] |
[
"human promyelocytic"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "human promyelocytic"?
apoptosis has been investigated in nb a t human promyelocytic leukemia cell line susceptible to maturation by alltrans or cis retinoic acid and in nbr a subclone resistant to differentiation maturation resistant nbr cells exhibited an ON of cell death after ratreatment h whereas maturation responsive nb cells showed no such apoptosis cell death being considerably delayed T3 cell maturation only a few nbr cells underwent apoptosis in response to low doses of ra below microm the surviving cells became refractory to higher doses of ra while these cells became resistant to apoptosis they became competent for maturation typically these raprimed cells responded to camp by maturation then apoptosis followed rapidly this MM furnishes situations where cells are either resistant or susceptible to apoptosis depending on whether they can or cannot undergo maturation the potential role of the bcl protein in the regulation of apoptosis was analyzed in nb and nbr cell lines a high expression of the bcl protein was detected by immunocytology and WB nb cells treated with either alltrans or cis retinoic acid microm were induced to differentiate and the level of Bcl-2 decreased to undetectable C2 during terminal maturation when only a few AI cells were detected in nbr cells while treatment with retinoids does not induce maturation as much as of cells became apoptotic and immunocytological labelling of nbr showed a strong cytoplasmic labelling of bcl although the expression of bcl remained high cells were not protected from apoptosis to assess whether bcl expression could be modulated as a consequence of differentiation nbr cells previously primed for maturation were triggered with camp downregulation of bcl protein occurred concomitant with maturation followed by apoptosis clearly nb and nbr cells show reciprocal SMB with regards to proliferation maturation bcl regulation and apoptosis in response to ra our results suggest first that the bcl downregulation in nb cells belongs to the maturation program rather than to apoptosis and second that neither a high bcl expression in nb cells is sufficient to protect cells from cis ra induced apoptosis nor is its full downregulation sufficient to produce apoptosis finally this work suggests that apoptosis and maturation programs include events which cannot occur simultaneously
|
HL-60
|
2,378,041
|
ruminally cannulated steers were in a x latin square to determine the effect of amount of feed ingested on fiber digestion and other digestion events alfalfa haylage corn silage and a cornsoybean meal mix were incorporated in a ratio DM and fed at either or of AL intake acidinsoluble ash lanthanum and chromiumethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were digestion particulate and liquid markers apparent digestibility of dry matter NDF and cell solubles decreased linearly as feed NI increased the fiber fraction digested was a larger percentage of the DM digested at low than at high intakes of feed a more rapid rate of cellulose disappearance and a slow rate of passage of particulate matter through the rumen and total digestive tract with decreasing feed intake were key factors responsible for bringing about changes of digestion coefficients a consistently lower rumen ph of steers at high intakes of feed was thought to account for the slower rate of ruminal fiber disappearance the lower tract accounted for to of DM disappearance and tended to play a greater role during periods of high FI rumen and fecal sampling techniques provided similar ruminal rates of solids passage
|
[
65
] |
[
"neutral detergent fiber"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "neutral detergent fiber"?
ruminally cannulated steers were in a x latin square to determine the effect of amount of feed ingested on fiber digestion and other digestion events alfalfa haylage corn silage and a cornsoybean meal mix were incorporated in a ratio DM and fed at either or of AL intake acidinsoluble ash lanthanum and chromiumethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were digestion particulate and liquid markers apparent digestibility of dry matter neutral detergent fiber and cell solubles decreased linearly as feed NI increased the fiber fraction digested was a larger percentage of the DM digested at low than at high intakes of feed a more rapid rate of cellulose disappearance and a slow rate of passage of particulate matter through the rumen and total digestive tract with decreasing feed intake were key factors responsible for bringing about changes of digestion coefficients a consistently lower rumen ph of steers at high intakes of feed was thought to account for the slower rate of ruminal fiber disappearance the lower tract accounted for to of DM disappearance and tended to play a greater role during periods of high FI rumen and fecal sampling techniques provided similar ruminal rates of solids passage
|
NDF
|
4,063,720
|
immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the neuroanatomical CSD of the chickeni form of gonadotropinreleasing hormone cgnrhi in reproductively AS male redsided garter snakes thamnophis sirtalis parietalis cell bodies with cgnrhi immunoreactivity ir were found in the terminal nerve ganglion nucleus of the diagonal band of broca MPO area and the hypothalamus SF containing cgnrhiir were distributed in the following BB areas within the olfactory bulb fibers were found in the internal plexiform mitral and glomerular cell layers as well as in the TN within the forebrain fibers were observed in the diagonal band of broca rostral and LS lateral pallium retrobulbar region pars dorsomedialis nucleus accumbens MPO area HC amygdala posterior DVR hypothalamus median eminence and the TH within the midbrain fibers were found in the interpeduncular nucleus and the stratum album PV of the optic tectum this T0 shows that the CSD of cell bodies for cgnrhiir in this reptile is consistent with the CSD of immunoreactivity for cgnrhi in birds and rat gnrh in amphibians and mammals using AS specific to cgnrhi the endogenous form of gnrh this is the first study to show that the TN in a reptile contains gnrh immunoreactivity
|
[
111
] |
[
"dorsal ventricular ridge"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "dorsal ventricular ridge"?
immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the neuroanatomical CSD of the chickeni form of gonadotropinreleasing hormone cgnrhi in reproductively AS male redsided garter snakes thamnophis sirtalis parietalis cell bodies with cgnrhi immunoreactivity ir were found in the terminal nerve ganglion nucleus of the diagonal band of broca MPO area and the hypothalamus SF containing cgnrhiir were distributed in the following BB areas within the olfactory bulb fibers were found in the internal plexiform mitral and glomerular cell layers as well as in the TN within the forebrain fibers were observed in the diagonal band of broca rostral and LS lateral pallium retrobulbar region pars dorsomedialis nucleus accumbens MPO area HC amygdala posterior dorsal ventricular ridge hypothalamus median eminence and the TH within the midbrain fibers were found in the interpeduncular nucleus and the stratum album PV of the optic tectum this T0 shows that the CSD of cell bodies for cgnrhiir in this reptile is consistent with the CSD of immunoreactivity for cgnrhi in birds and rat gnrh in amphibians and mammals using AS specific to cgnrhi the endogenous form of gnrh this is the first study to show that the TN in a reptile contains gnrh immunoreactivity
|
DVR
|
2,618,666
|
disulfiram is used commonly as reinforcement in the treatment of chronic alcoholism although the drug is generally considered safe there are reports of SE including psychosis and SH we report a case of fatal FH caused by the use of disulfiram in a man with previously normal HCC CF
|
[
34
] |
[
"fulminant hepatitis"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "fulminant hepatitis"?
disulfiram is used commonly as reinforcement in the treatment of chronic alcoholism although the drug is generally considered safe there are reports of SE including psychosis and SH we report a case of fatal fulminant hepatitis caused by the use of disulfiram in a man with previously normal HCC CF
|
FH
|
6,544,331
|
an extremely rapid progress in innovative communication systems has led to essential changes in conditions of acquiring knowledge and professional skills this resulted in the OD of different educational forms focusing especially on distance learning where trainers and trainees placed in different locations use different means of communication and information exchange including most uptodate IT it in the first distance learning specialization course for physicians was launched by the school of public health at the nofer institute of OM in Åódź the ebased introductory course in occupational medicine was recognized as an equivalent to the traditional oncampus training the training process is mainly based on cdrom containing lectures and necessary links to external sources of the internet information email is used as the major communication mean to facilitate the exchange between trainers and trainees the SQ control of the training involved two streams of effectiveness and utility measurement systems the SQ of distance learning evaluated one year after its commence is comparable with that of the oncampus training
|
[
78
] |
[
"occupational medicine"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "occupational medicine"?
an extremely rapid progress in innovative communication systems has led to essential changes in conditions of acquiring knowledge and professional skills this resulted in the OD of different educational forms focusing especially on distance learning where trainers and trainees placed in different locations use different means of communication and information exchange including most uptodate IT it in the first distance learning specialization course for physicians was launched by the school of public health at the nofer institute of occupational medicine in Åódź the ebased introductory course in occupational medicine was recognized as an equivalent to the traditional oncampus training the training process is mainly based on cdrom containing lectures and necessary links to external sources of the internet information email is used as the major communication mean to facilitate the exchange between trainers and trainees the SQ control of the training involved two streams of effectiveness and utility measurement systems the SQ of distance learning evaluated one year after its commence is comparable with that of the oncampus training
|
OM
|
13,631,112
|
HS is the leading cause of preventable deaths in civilian and military trauma use of fresh frozen plasma ffp in patients requiring massive transfusion is associated with improved outcomes ffp contains significant amounts of adiponectin which is known to have vascular protective CF we hypothesize that ffp improves vascular barrier CF largely via adiponectin plasma adiponectin levels were measured in severely injured patients in HS HS compared with normal individuals plasma adiponectin C2 decreased to in HS patients before resuscitation p and increased to postresuscitation but not significant in a HS mouse model we demonstrated a similar decrease in plasma adiponectin to but a significant increase to by ffp resuscitation compared with baseline p HS disrupted lung V1 barrier CF leading to an increase in permeability ffp resuscitation reversed these hsinduced effects immunodepletion of adiponectin from ffp abolished ffps effects on blocking endothelial hyperpermeability in vitro and on improving lung vascular barrier function in HS mice replenishment with adiponectin rescued ffps effects these findings suggest that adiponectin is an important component in ffp resuscitation contributing to the beneficial effects on vascular barrier function T3 hs
|
[
0
] |
[
"hemorrhagic shock"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "hemorrhagic shock"?
hemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of preventable deaths in civilian and military trauma use of fresh frozen plasma ffp in patients requiring massive transfusion is associated with improved outcomes ffp contains significant amounts of adiponectin which is known to have vascular protective CF we hypothesize that ffp improves vascular barrier CF largely via adiponectin plasma adiponectin levels were measured in severely injured patients in HS HS compared with normal individuals plasma adiponectin C2 decreased to in HS patients before resuscitation p and increased to postresuscitation but not significant in a HS mouse model we demonstrated a similar decrease in plasma adiponectin to but a significant increase to by ffp resuscitation compared with baseline p HS disrupted lung V1 barrier CF leading to an increase in permeability ffp resuscitation reversed these hsinduced effects immunodepletion of adiponectin from ffp abolished ffps effects on blocking endothelial hyperpermeability in vitro and on improving lung vascular barrier function in HS mice replenishment with adiponectin rescued ffps effects these findings suggest that adiponectin is an important component in ffp resuscitation contributing to the beneficial effects on vascular barrier function T3 hs
|
HS
|
3,954,314
|
we describe a unique sixgeneration highly consanguineous family originating from an isolated mountainous village in the russian province of daghestan three separate clinical phenotypes of PMD were identified in this C1 family seven patients developed a CP limbgirdle variant of muscular dystrophy lgmd with disease ON at years and loss of ambulation within a year course the second group included three patients with a slowly progressive distal myopathy first manifested in the late teens and confined to the tibial and calf muscles each of these two phenotypes segregated independently as an autosomal recessive trait and muscle biopsies showed nonspecific myopathic changes lastly two male siblings exhibited an atypical variant of DMD muscular dystrophy confirmed by detection of a deletion in the dystrophin gene to clarify the molecular basis of the polymorphic AR form of muscular dystrophy in this kindred we performed molecular genetic studies on family members and obtained significant evidence for linkage to chromosome p a maximum pairwise lod LOD score of was achieved at the zero recombination fraction ie at theta for locus ds multipoint NPL confirmed the most likely location of a mutant gene near ds the patients with lgmd and those with the distal muscular dystrophy phenotype share a common affected homozygous haplotype associated with the same founder chromosome key recombinants defined ds and ds to be the closest loci flanking the mutant gene remarkably two clinically distinct forms of AR muscular dystrophy lgmd type b lgmdb and miyoshi myopathy were recently mapped to the same locus we suggest that all three chromosome plinked conditions may represent allelic disorders ie different phenotypic expressions of a single gene
|
[
160
] |
[
"logarithm of odds"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "logarithm of odds"?
we describe a unique sixgeneration highly consanguineous family originating from an isolated mountainous village in the russian province of daghestan three separate clinical phenotypes of PMD were identified in this C1 family seven patients developed a CP limbgirdle variant of muscular dystrophy lgmd with disease ON at years and loss of ambulation within a year course the second group included three patients with a slowly progressive distal myopathy first manifested in the late teens and confined to the tibial and calf muscles each of these two phenotypes segregated independently as an autosomal recessive trait and muscle biopsies showed nonspecific myopathic changes lastly two male siblings exhibited an atypical variant of DMD muscular dystrophy confirmed by detection of a deletion in the dystrophin gene to clarify the molecular basis of the polymorphic AR form of muscular dystrophy in this kindred we performed molecular genetic studies on family members and obtained significant evidence for linkage to chromosome p a maximum pairwise lod logarithm of odds score of was achieved at the zero recombination fraction ie at theta for locus ds multipoint NPL confirmed the most likely location of a mutant gene near ds the patients with lgmd and those with the distal muscular dystrophy phenotype share a common affected homozygous haplotype associated with the same founder chromosome key recombinants defined ds and ds to be the closest loci flanking the mutant gene remarkably two clinically distinct forms of AR muscular dystrophy lgmd type b lgmdb and miyoshi myopathy were recently mapped to the same locus we suggest that all three chromosome plinked conditions may represent allelic disorders ie different phenotypic expressions of a single gene
|
LOD
|
2,658,506
|
the enzyme responsible for all of the isomaltase activity and much of the maltase activity in the small intestine of the californian sea lion zalophus californianus was isolated by detergent solubilization of the brushborder membrane followed by immunoadsorption chromatography using antibodies directed against rb sucraseisomaltase in triton x sea lion isomaltase occurs as a monomer of mr and is composed of a single polypeptide chain as judged from the stoichiometry of the covalent IB of the affinity label conduritolbepoxide this polypeptide chain carries two enzymatically AS sites they are apparently identical and do not show either positive or negative cooperativity in addition to crossreacting immunologically with rb SI sea lion isomaltase has similar overall enzymatic properties with the exception of not hydrolyzing SU the alaskan fur seal collarhinus ursinus has a twoactive site isomaltase however in contrast to the sea lion this animal is endowed with a small but significant sucrase activity along with fully active prosucraseisomaltase sea lion isomaltase is one of the very few examples of enzymes with more than one AS site on a single polypeptide chain acting in parallel rather than in series furthermore this enzyme triggers some interesting questions on the phylogenetical pedigree of small intestinal sucraseisomaltase
|
[
107
] |
[
"sucraseisomaltase"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "sucraseisomaltase"?
the enzyme responsible for all of the isomaltase activity and much of the maltase activity in the small intestine of the californian sea lion zalophus californianus was isolated by detergent solubilization of the brushborder membrane followed by immunoadsorption chromatography using antibodies directed against rb sucraseisomaltase in triton x sea lion isomaltase occurs as a monomer of mr and is composed of a single polypeptide chain as judged from the stoichiometry of the covalent IB of the affinity label conduritolbepoxide this polypeptide chain carries two enzymatically AS sites they are apparently identical and do not show either positive or negative cooperativity in addition to crossreacting immunologically with rb sucraseisomaltase sea lion isomaltase has similar overall enzymatic properties with the exception of not hydrolyzing SU the alaskan fur seal collarhinus ursinus has a twoactive site isomaltase however in contrast to the sea lion this animal is endowed with a small but significant sucrase activity along with fully active prosucraseisomaltase sea lion isomaltase is one of the very few examples of enzymes with more than one AS site on a single polypeptide chain acting in parallel rather than in series furthermore this enzyme triggers some interesting questions on the phylogenetical pedigree of small intestinal sucraseisomaltase
|
SI
|
6,740,969
|
helicobacter pylori infection is seen in more than of AD population in turkey the aims of this study were to evaluate the importance of the diagnostic tests to investigate the relationship between hp infection and FD
|
[
35
] |
[
"functional dyspepsia"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "functional dyspepsia"?
helicobacter pylori infection is seen in more than of AD population in turkey the aims of this study were to evaluate the importance of the diagnostic tests to investigate the relationship between hp infection and functional dyspepsia
|
FD
|
7,197,848
|
aldosterone is known to play a role in the pathophysiology of some cardiovascular diseases however previous studies on aldosterone infusion have been mostly performed in animals receiving sodium loading and uninephrectomy and thus the cardiac action of aldosterone alone remains to be fully clarified the present study was undertaken to investigate the direct cardiac action of aldosterone infusion CT in rats not subjected to salt loading and uninephrectomy aldosterone microgh was subcutaneously infused into rats via an osmotic minipump for days aldosterone infusion under a normal salt diet induced only a slight increase in the blood pressure of normal rats throughout the infusion however aldosterone significantly induced cardiac hypertrophy as shown by echocardiography and measurement of cardiomyocyte crosssectional area furthermore aldosterone caused not only cardiac interstitial macrophage infiltration but also cardiac focal inflammatory lesions which were associated with an increase in cardiac mo chemoattractant protein mcp and osteopontin mrna the slight elevation of blood pressure by aldosterone infusion was completely prevented by tempol the superoxide dismutase mimetic however tempol failed to suppress CH the formation of inflammatory lesions and upregulation of cardiac mcp and osteopontin by aldosterone while NAC could inhibit all of them our data provide evidence that aldosterone alone can induce cardiac hypertrophy and severe inflammatory response in the HR independently of blood pressure even in the absence of salt loading or nephrectomy aldosterone seems to induce cardiac inflammation and mRNA via oxidative AS that is inhibited by nacetylcysteine but not by tempol
|
[
142
] |
[
"monocyte"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "monocyte"?
aldosterone is known to play a role in the pathophysiology of some cardiovascular diseases however previous studies on aldosterone infusion have been mostly performed in animals receiving sodium loading and uninephrectomy and thus the cardiac action of aldosterone alone remains to be fully clarified the present study was undertaken to investigate the direct cardiac action of aldosterone infusion CT in rats not subjected to salt loading and uninephrectomy aldosterone microgh was subcutaneously infused into rats via an osmotic minipump for days aldosterone infusion under a normal salt diet induced only a slight increase in the blood pressure of normal rats throughout the infusion however aldosterone significantly induced cardiac hypertrophy as shown by echocardiography and measurement of cardiomyocyte crosssectional area furthermore aldosterone caused not only cardiac interstitial macrophage infiltration but also cardiac focal inflammatory lesions which were associated with an increase in cardiac monocyte chemoattractant protein mcp and osteopontin mrna the slight elevation of blood pressure by aldosterone infusion was completely prevented by tempol the superoxide dismutase mimetic however tempol failed to suppress CH the formation of inflammatory lesions and upregulation of cardiac mcp and osteopontin by aldosterone while NAC could inhibit all of them our data provide evidence that aldosterone alone can induce cardiac hypertrophy and severe inflammatory response in the HR independently of blood pressure even in the absence of salt loading or nephrectomy aldosterone seems to induce cardiac inflammation and mRNA via oxidative AS that is inhibited by nacetylcysteine but not by tempol
|
mo
|
5,476,895
|
propafenone ppf is an antiarrhythmic class ic agent its metabolism is genetically controlled by a cytochrome p isoenzyme named cypd which shows polymorphism in human population the aim of this paper was to determine the correlation between the antiarrhythmic tau of ppf and the oxidation phenotype subjects and material the study group consisted of patients aged to years suffering from PAF af the oxidation phenotype was described by the metabolic ratio mr of sparteine the mr value separated the group of PMs mr from the group of extensive metabolizers mr with the subgroup of very extensive metabolizers mr
|
[
81
] |
[
"poor metabolizers"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "poor metabolizers"?
propafenone ppf is an antiarrhythmic class ic agent its metabolism is genetically controlled by a cytochrome p isoenzyme named cypd which shows polymorphism in human population the aim of this paper was to determine the correlation between the antiarrhythmic tau of ppf and the oxidation phenotype subjects and material the study group consisted of patients aged to years suffering from PAF af the oxidation phenotype was described by the metabolic ratio mr of sparteine the mr value separated the group of poor metabolizers mr from the group of extensive metabolizers mr with the subgroup of very extensive metabolizers mr
|
PMs
|
10,784,618
|
polyprolines offer many opportunities to T0 AF influencing peptide and protein folding and structure longer chains can adopt two welldefined forms ppi and ppii but shorter MMP are quite flexible to understand in detail the dependence of the secondary structure on the length and the interplay between the side chain and main chain conformation zwitterionic pron models with n and longer inhomogeneous chains were studied by a combination of the raman and ROA roa spectroscopy with the density PET theory dft potential surfaces were systematically explored for the shorter oligoprolines and boltzmann conformational ratios were obtained both for the main chain and the proline ring puckering the predictions were verified by comparison of the experimental and simulated roa spectra the conformer ratios extracted from a decomposition of the exp roa into scaled computed spectra well reproduced boltzmann populations calculated from relative energies for example an a puckering of the proline ring was found prevalent relatively independent of the length whereas the cisamide backbone form adopted by shorter MMP rapidly disappeared for n the results are consistent with previous nmr and vibrational circular dichroism vcd data delocalized exciton vibrations along the peptide chain often enhance the roa signal and can thus be used to indicate a longer regular peptide structure the roa technique appeared to be very CS to the ring puckering less distinct spectral features were produced by changes in the main chain geometry
|
[
72
] |
[
"raman optical activity"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "raman optical activity"?
polyprolines offer many opportunities to T0 AF influencing peptide and protein folding and structure longer chains can adopt two welldefined forms ppi and ppii but shorter MMP are quite flexible to understand in detail the dependence of the secondary structure on the length and the interplay between the side chain and main chain conformation zwitterionic pron models with n and longer inhomogeneous chains were studied by a combination of the raman and raman optical activity roa spectroscopy with the density PET theory dft potential surfaces were systematically explored for the shorter oligoprolines and boltzmann conformational ratios were obtained both for the main chain and the proline ring puckering the predictions were verified by comparison of the experimental and simulated roa spectra the conformer ratios extracted from a decomposition of the exp roa into scaled computed spectra well reproduced boltzmann populations calculated from relative energies for example an a puckering of the proline ring was found prevalent relatively independent of the length whereas the cisamide backbone form adopted by shorter MMP rapidly disappeared for n the results are consistent with previous nmr and vibrational circular dichroism vcd data delocalized exciton vibrations along the peptide chain often enhance the roa signal and can thus be used to indicate a longer regular peptide structure the roa technique appeared to be very CS to the ring puckering less distinct spectral features were produced by changes in the main chain geometry
|
ROA
|
13,954,148
|
it has long been known that the vast majority of all information en route to the CBF SC must first pass through the thalamus the long held view that the thalamus serves as a simple hi fidelity relay station for sensory information to the cortex however has over recent years been dispelled indeed multiple projections from the VN to thalamic nuclei including the VB nuclei and the geniculate HB regions typically associated with other modalities have been described further some thalamic SN have been shown to respond to stimuli presented from acro lbe is a collection of methods that directly exfoliates bulk layered materials into thin flakes of d nanomaterials in liquid media without any or with a minimum degree of chemical reactions so as to maintain the high crystallinity of d nanomaterials different synthetic methods are categorized in the following in which material characteristics including dispersion concentration flake thickness flake size and some applications are discussed in detail at the end we provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of such synthetic methods of lbe and propose future perspectives
|
[
63
] |
[
"ventrobasal"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "ventrobasal"?
it has long been known that the vast majority of all information en route to the CBF SC must first pass through the thalamus the long held view that the thalamus serves as a simple hi fidelity relay station for sensory information to the cortex however has over recent years been dispelled indeed multiple projections from the VN to thalamic nuclei including the ventrobasal nuclei and the geniculate HB regions typically associated with other modalities have been described further some thalamic SN have been shown to respond to stimuli presented from acro lbe is a collection of methods that directly exfoliates bulk layered materials into thin flakes of d nanomaterials in liquid media without any or with a minimum degree of chemical reactions so as to maintain the high crystallinity of d nanomaterials different synthetic methods are categorized in the following in which material characteristics including dispersion concentration flake thickness flake size and some applications are discussed in detail at the end we provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of such synthetic methods of lbe and propose future perspectives
|
VB
|
507,988
|
prolactin immunoreactivity has been detected in human tears and in lacrimal PG and it has been suggested that this hormone might be a modulator of lacrimal secretion as well as a component of LG fluid the present T0 was designed to confirm the immunocytochemical localization of prolactin in the rat LG to determine the source of the prolactin and to evaluate the acute effects of prolactin on lacrimal sec CF we have confirmed that prolactinlike immunoreactivity is present in sec LDV of acinar cells of male and female SDRs prolactin message was present at detectable C2 in rna extracts of lacrimal glands from males indicating that at least a component of the prolactinlike immunoreactivity was the product of synthesis within the lacrimal glands crude MF from acini isolated from males bound femtomoles prolactinmg protein mean standard error of the mean n which was significantly p less than more than comparable fractions from females fmolesmg protein n preincubating membranes at degrees for min to release endogenous ligands increased prolactin binding to fmolesmg protein for males and fmolesmg protein for females p greater than suggesting that on average similar numbers of receptors are expressed in acinar cells of male and female rats but a larger fraction of the receptors is occupied by endogenous prolactinlike peptides in females because prolactin IB triggers prolactin receptor internalization in various cell types we propose that the prolactinlike immunoreactivity in lacrimal acinar cells of females has been accumulated from the circulation while the immunoreactivity seen in males results at least in part from de novo synthesis ovine prolactin at concentrations of ngml inhibited carbacholinduced peroxidase release by n p less than but failed to alter peroxidase release in the absence of carbachol these observations suggest that prolactin might function as an endocrine paracrine or autocrine modulator in the LG
|
[
301
] |
[
"lacrimal gland"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "lacrimal gland"?
prolactin immunoreactivity has been detected in human tears and in lacrimal PG and it has been suggested that this hormone might be a modulator of lacrimal secretion as well as a component of LG fluid the present T0 was designed to confirm the immunocytochemical localization of prolactin in the rat LG to determine the source of the prolactin and to evaluate the acute effects of prolactin on lacrimal sec CF we have confirmed that prolactinlike immunoreactivity is present in sec LDV of acinar cells of male and female SDRs prolactin message was present at detectable C2 in rna extracts of lacrimal glands from males indicating that at least a component of the prolactinlike immunoreactivity was the product of synthesis within the lacrimal glands crude MF from acini isolated from males bound femtomoles prolactinmg protein mean standard error of the mean n which was significantly p less than more than comparable fractions from females fmolesmg protein n preincubating membranes at degrees for min to release endogenous ligands increased prolactin binding to fmolesmg protein for males and fmolesmg protein for females p greater than suggesting that on average similar numbers of receptors are expressed in acinar cells of male and female rats but a larger fraction of the receptors is occupied by endogenous prolactinlike peptides in females because prolactin IB triggers prolactin receptor internalization in various cell types we propose that the prolactinlike immunoreactivity in lacrimal acinar cells of females has been accumulated from the circulation while the immunoreactivity seen in males results at least in part from de novo synthesis ovine prolactin at concentrations of ngml inhibited carbacholinduced peroxidase release by n p less than but failed to alter peroxidase release in the absence of carbachol these observations suggest that prolactin might function as an endocrine paracrine or autocrine modulator in the lacrimal gland
|
LG
|
6,275,832
|
hexamethonium is a potent antihypertensive agent its use is associated with prominent and unpleasant SE and sometimes with circulatory complications from excessive depressor action it is suitable for relatively few HT and often fails when RI is present the degree of care required to obtain satisfactory effectiveness is such that the program of treatment becomes too unwieldy for general use
|
[
35
] |
[
"renal insufficiency"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "renal insufficiency"?
hexamethonium is a potent antihypertensive agent its use is associated with prominent and unpleasant SE and sometimes with circulatory complications from excessive depressor action it is suitable for relatively few HT and often fails when renal insufficiency is present the degree of care required to obtain satisfactory effectiveness is such that the program of treatment becomes too unwieldy for general use
|
RI
|
14,433,877
|
dilatation of the ascending aorta tends to develop in individuals with AVD reduction ascending aortoplasty raa is an alternative procedure to ascending aortic replacement this study was designed to identify the early prognosis of raa for patients with AVD and dilatation of the ascending aorta
|
[
11
] |
[
"aortic valve disease"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "aortic valve disease"?
dilatation of the ascending aorta tends to develop in individuals with aortic valve disease reduction ascending aortoplasty raa is an alternative procedure to ascending aortic replacement this study was designed to identify the early prognosis of raa for patients with AVD and dilatation of the ascending aorta
|
AVD
|
13,342,308
|
the number of patients requiring dialysis continues to increase worldwide imposing a substantial social and economic burden on patients their families and healthcare systems compared with facilitybased dialysis dialysis performed by the patient at home is associated with higher SQ of life freedom survival and reduced healthcare costs international guidelines recommend suitable patients are offered a choice of dialysis modality including homebased dialysis predialysis education and offering patients choice increase home dialysis uptake yet the AF that patients and families are willing to trade off in making decisions about dialysis location are not well understood the home first T0 will explore patients and CGs beliefs attitudes and preferences regarding dialysis education and decisionmaking with regards to dialysis options to identify key attributes which influence their decisionmaking and to quantify the relative value of these attributes
|
[
103
] |
[
"caregivers"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "caregivers"?
the number of patients requiring dialysis continues to increase worldwide imposing a substantial social and economic burden on patients their families and healthcare systems compared with facilitybased dialysis dialysis performed by the patient at home is associated with higher SQ of life freedom survival and reduced healthcare costs international guidelines recommend suitable patients are offered a choice of dialysis modality including homebased dialysis predialysis education and offering patients choice increase home dialysis uptake yet the AF that patients and families are willing to trade off in making decisions about dialysis location are not well understood the home first T0 will explore patients and caregivers beliefs attitudes and preferences regarding dialysis education and decisionmaking with regards to dialysis options to identify key attributes which influence their decisionmaking and to quantify the relative value of these attributes
|
CGs
|
12,447,045
|
the tricosâ¢mbcp® and Fn sealant composite was a convenient effective and welltolerated material for mastoid cavity filling and immediate reconstruction of the external auditory meatus T3 cholesteatoma surgery with CWD cwd
|
[
29
] |
[
"canal wall down"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "canal wall down"?
the tricosâ¢mbcp® and Fn sealant composite was a convenient effective and welltolerated material for mastoid cavity filling and immediate reconstruction of the external auditory meatus T3 cholesteatoma surgery with canal wall down cwd
|
CWD
|
7,392,719
|
at the kilimanjaro christian AMC a tertiary referral hospital in northern tanzania both the number of paediatric cases of lower respiratorytract infection lrti and the associated mortality increased between and molecular diagnostic tools were used to enhance the ID of the pathogens responsible for this perceived increase all children aged between and months who were admitted with lrti over a month period were enrolled in the study induced sputum was collected from each child and if the parents consented the subjects were also tested for hiv the sputum samples were each checked for bacteria by SC and in amplification assays for the dna of pneumocystis jiroveci mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptococcus pneumoniae twentytwo of the children tested for hiv had hiv antibodies although only two children both aged months were found pcrpositive for p jiroveci and only one was found positive for m tuberculosis including one of those found positive for p jiroveci and the child found positive for m tuberculosis were found pcrpositive for s pneumoniae it therefore appears that most paediatric cases of lrti who present at the hospital are attributable to s pneumoniae and that infections with this pathogen are entirely responsible for the observed increase in the incidence of ltri in the local children the increase seen in lrtiassociated mortality among the children may be the result of pneumococcal antibiotic resistance
|
[
4
] |
[
"medical centre"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "medical centre"?
at the kilimanjaro christian medical centre a tertiary referral hospital in northern tanzania both the number of paediatric cases of lower respiratorytract infection lrti and the associated mortality increased between and molecular diagnostic tools were used to enhance the ID of the pathogens responsible for this perceived increase all children aged between and months who were admitted with lrti over a month period were enrolled in the study induced sputum was collected from each child and if the parents consented the subjects were also tested for hiv the sputum samples were each checked for bacteria by SC and in amplification assays for the dna of pneumocystis jiroveci mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptococcus pneumoniae twentytwo of the children tested for hiv had hiv antibodies although only two children both aged months were found pcrpositive for p jiroveci and only one was found positive for m tuberculosis including one of those found positive for p jiroveci and the child found positive for m tuberculosis were found pcrpositive for s pneumoniae it therefore appears that most paediatric cases of lrti who present at the hospital are attributable to s pneumoniae and that infections with this pathogen are entirely responsible for the observed increase in the incidence of ltri in the local children the increase seen in lrtiassociated mortality among the children may be the result of pneumococcal antibiotic resistance
|
AMC
|
2,037,260
|
this T0 was undertaken to define the renal hemodynamic changes that mediate the acute response to an oral protein load three groups of subjects were studied diseasefree subjects patients with chronic renal disease of various causes except for diabetes mellitus documented by PH andor renal biopsy and DM that is a history of HG requiring antihyperglycemic therapy all subjects were studied before baseline and after test ingestion of a protein load glomerular filtration rate and ERP renal plasma flow were evaluated by inulin and PAH respectively in the diseasefree subjects the mean baseline glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were mlminute m and mlminute m whereas test glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were mlminute m and mlminute m respectively in patients with chronic renal disease the test glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were related to the severity of the disease the more severe the disease the lower the absolute test values and the smaller the increment from baseline to test values DM had a paradoxic response to ingestion of a protein load glomerular filtration rate fell while renal plasma flow remained unchanged this response was observed in all diabetic patients regardless of the type of diabetes or whether clinical evidence of diabetic nephropathy was absent minimal or severe
|
[
166
] |
[
"patients with diabetes mellitus"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "patients with diabetes mellitus"?
this T0 was undertaken to define the renal hemodynamic changes that mediate the acute response to an oral protein load three groups of subjects were studied diseasefree subjects patients with chronic renal disease of various causes except for diabetes mellitus documented by PH andor renal biopsy and DM that is a history of HG requiring antihyperglycemic therapy all subjects were studied before baseline and after test ingestion of a protein load glomerular filtration rate and ERP renal plasma flow were evaluated by inulin and PAH respectively in the diseasefree subjects the mean baseline glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were mlminute m and mlminute m whereas test glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were mlminute m and mlminute m respectively in patients with chronic renal disease the test glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were related to the severity of the disease the more severe the disease the lower the absolute test values and the smaller the increment from baseline to test values patients with diabetes mellitus had a paradoxic response to ingestion of a protein load glomerular filtration rate fell while renal plasma flow remained unchanged this response was observed in all diabetic patients regardless of the type of diabetes or whether clinical evidence of diabetic nephropathy was absent minimal or severe
|
DM
|
13,243,755
|
the reliability of radiographic measurements has been studied in pediatric hips but less has been published on the adult hip and none have examined the reliability of measurements for the location of the COR cor of the hip joint we have investigated the reliability of various radiographic variables with a focus on the cor
|
[
33
] |
[
"center of rotation"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "center of rotation"?
the reliability of radiographic measurements has been studied in pediatric hips but less has been published on the adult hip and none have examined the reliability of measurements for the location of the center of rotation cor of the hip joint we have investigated the reliability of various radiographic variables with a focus on the cor
|
COR
|
10,037,007
|
trilostane is a competitive inhibitor of βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase βhsd which notably converts pregnenolone into progesterone or dehydroepiandrosterone into androstenedione trilostane shows antidepressantlike properties in the SW test fst the compound however induced only moderate effects on neuroactive steroid C2 that could be related to its behavioral efficacy
|
[
25
] |
[
"forced swimming"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "forced swimming"?
trilostane is a competitive inhibitor of βhydroxysteroid dehydrogenase βhsd which notably converts pregnenolone into progesterone or dehydroepiandrosterone into androstenedione trilostane shows antidepressantlike properties in the forced swimming test fst the compound however induced only moderate effects on neuroactive steroid C2 that could be related to its behavioral efficacy
|
SW
|
4,705,612
|
several species have been and continue to be used as subjects in studies of electrical stimulation of the cochlea few attempts however have been made to determine if data obtained from different species are quantitatively or qualitatively similar the present work compares psychophysical absolute PCD threshold vs frequency functions for sinusoidal stimuli obtained from humans nonhuman primates cats and guinea pigs threshold data for monopolar and BP electrode configurations from both previously published and unpublished studies are compared in GA within all four species significant intersubject R2 in detection threshold level was found but slopes of threshold vs frequency functions were relatively well conserved within a species under the conditions studied with one exception cat bipolar stimulation threshold functions reached a minimum at or near hz across species and electrode configurations in all cases thresholds were significantly lower for monopolar as compared with bipolar configurations statistically there were no significant differences in absolute threshold level across species threshold levels increased with frequency above hz at a rate of dboctave depending on both electrode configuration and species slopes were steeper for MP than for BP configurations when slopes were averaged between and hz no statistically significant differences in overall slopes were found nor was there a significant interaction between electrode configuration and species there were however consistent species differences within more restricted regions of the function human functions for both MP and BP stimulation were steeper than all animal functions in the range of hz within this range the differences between slopes for human and nonhuman subjects were statistically significant in addition differences were noted in the frequency at which slope decreased with slopes for nonhuman subjects showing the decrease at higher frequencies than did those for human subjects these differences may be true species differences or may reflect the influence of confounding variables associated with each experimentalsubject model
|
[
180
] |
[
"monopolar"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "monopolar"?
several species have been and continue to be used as subjects in studies of electrical stimulation of the cochlea few attempts however have been made to determine if data obtained from different species are quantitatively or qualitatively similar the present work compares psychophysical absolute PCD threshold vs frequency functions for sinusoidal stimuli obtained from humans nonhuman primates cats and guinea pigs threshold data for monopolar and BP electrode configurations from both previously published and unpublished studies are compared in GA within all four species significant intersubject R2 in detection threshold level was found but slopes of threshold vs frequency functions were relatively well conserved within a species under the conditions studied with one exception cat bipolar stimulation threshold functions reached a minimum at or near hz across species and electrode configurations in all cases thresholds were significantly lower for monopolar as compared with bipolar configurations statistically there were no significant differences in absolute threshold level across species threshold levels increased with frequency above hz at a rate of dboctave depending on both electrode configuration and species slopes were steeper for monopolar than for BP configurations when slopes were averaged between and hz no statistically significant differences in overall slopes were found nor was there a significant interaction between electrode configuration and species there were however consistent species differences within more restricted regions of the function human functions for both MP and BP stimulation were steeper than all animal functions in the range of hz within this range the differences between slopes for human and nonhuman subjects were statistically significant in addition differences were noted in the frequency at which slope decreased with slopes for nonhuman subjects showing the decrease at higher frequencies than did those for human subjects these differences may be true species differences or may reflect the influence of confounding variables associated with each experimentalsubject model
|
MP
|
4,768,959
|
young adult subjects attended selectively to brief noise bursts delivered in freefield via CE and IP arrays of four loudspeakers each that were arranged along a semicircle extending from the midline to degrees right of center frequent standard stimuli and infrequent targetdeviant with anterograde transport of dextran and terminated in the CE nucleus of the IC in a laminar pattern most labeled axons were thin and simply branched other axons were thicker gnarly less frequently observed and probably originated from the VCN none had concentrated endbulbs or a nest of endings both types of axons terminated primarily in the central nucleus and layer of the external SC this DP suggests that the combination of these subdivisions in the rat are equivalent to the central nucleus as defined in other species tectothalamic SN in the inferior colliculus in the same animals were identified by VA transport from the medial geniculate body and intracellular i.t. of lucifer yellow a number of different cell types act as tectothalamic SN and receive contacts from CN axons these include flat cells discshaped lessflat cells and stellate cells two innervation patterns were seen a combination of axosomatic and axodendritic contacts and predominantly axodendritic contacts both patterns were seen in the central nucleus but axosomatic contacts were seen less often in the other subdivisions this is the first T0 to show direct connections between cochlear nuclear axons and identified tectothalamic neurons the layers of axons from cochlear nuclei may provide convergent inputs to SN in the VPI colliculus rather than the heavy inputs from single axons typical of lower AEP nuclei excitatory synapses made by axons from the CN on tectothalamic SN may provide a substrate for rapid transmission of monaural information to the medial geniculate body
|
[
271
] |
[
"cochlear nuclei"
] |
create_abbrev_after
|
{% set tokenised_text = text.split(' ') %}
{% set acronym = location[0] %}
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "{{ label[0] }}"?
{{tokenised_text[0:location[0]]|join(' ') }} {{ label[0]}} {{tokenised_text[location[0]+1:tokenised_text|length]|join(' ') }}
|||
{{ tokenised_text[acronym] }}
|
Based on the text below, how would you abbreviate the token: "cochlear nuclei"?
young adult subjects attended selectively to brief noise bursts delivered in freefield via CE and IP arrays of four loudspeakers each that were arranged along a semicircle extending from the midline to degrees right of center frequent standard stimuli and infrequent targetdeviant with anterograde transport of dextran and terminated in the CE nucleus of the IC in a laminar pattern most labeled axons were thin and simply branched other axons were thicker gnarly less frequently observed and probably originated from the VCN none had concentrated endbulbs or a nest of endings both types of axons terminated primarily in the central nucleus and layer of the external SC this DP suggests that the combination of these subdivisions in the rat are equivalent to the central nucleus as defined in other species tectothalamic SN in the inferior colliculus in the same animals were identified by VA transport from the medial geniculate body and intracellular i.t. of lucifer yellow a number of different cell types act as tectothalamic SN and receive contacts from CN axons these include flat cells discshaped lessflat cells and stellate cells two innervation patterns were seen a combination of axosomatic and axodendritic contacts and predominantly axodendritic contacts both patterns were seen in the central nucleus but axosomatic contacts were seen less often in the other subdivisions this is the first T0 to show direct connections between cochlear nuclear axons and identified tectothalamic neurons the layers of axons from cochlear nuclei may provide convergent inputs to SN in the VPI colliculus rather than the heavy inputs from single axons typical of lower AEP nuclei excitatory synapses made by axons from the cochlear nuclei on tectothalamic SN may provide a substrate for rapid transmission of monaural information to the medial geniculate body
|
CN
|
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