Split (1)

train · 99.8k rows

train dict
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "in order to contact him later", "so that she could repay him", "because he impressed her deeply", "because she fell in love with him" ], "question": "In 1988, Mary Anderson was at the Miami airport checking in for a flight to Norway to be with her husband when she was told she wouldn't be able to check her luggage without paying a $100 surcharge . Mary had no money as her new husband had left for Norway and she had no one else to call . \" I was completely desperate and tried to think which of my things I could manage without ,\" says Mary . As tears ran down her face , a voice behind her said , \"That's okay, I'll pay for her .\" Rather surprised , Mary turned around to see a tall man whom she had never seen before . He had a gentle and kind voice that was firm and decisive . Although this happened twenty years ago , Mary still remembers the authority that radiated from the man . Mary was pleased to bring her luggage to Norway and told the stranger she would give his money back . The man wrote his name and address on a piece of paper and gave it to Mary . She thanked him repeatedly . When she finally walked off towards the boarding gate, he waved goodbye to her . That man turned out to be Barack Obama . Mary paid the money back to Obama the day she joined her husband . At that time he had just finished his job as a poorly paid community worker in Chicago , and had started his law studies at Harward University . In the spring of 2006 , Mary's parents heard Obama was considering a run for President . They wrote a letter saying that they would support him. At the same time , they thanked Obama for helping their daughter 18 years earlier . And Obama replied , \" I want to thank you for the lovely things you wrote about me and for reminding me of what happened at Miami airport . I'm happy I could help her then , and I'm delighted to hear that your daughter is happy in Norway . Please send her my best wishes . Sincerely , Barack Obama, United States Senator .\" Mary asked the stranger to leave his name and address _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "A letter from Barack Obama", "Mary's parents support Obama", "Obama helped a stranger 20 years ago", "Mary was lucky to get help at the airport" ], "question": "In 1988, Mary Anderson was at the Miami airport checking in for a flight to Norway to be with her husband when she was told she wouldn't be able to check her luggage without paying a $100 surcharge . Mary had no money as her new husband had left for Norway and she had no one else to call . \" I was completely desperate and tried to think which of my things I could manage without ,\" says Mary . As tears ran down her face , a voice behind her said , \"That's okay, I'll pay for her .\" Rather surprised , Mary turned around to see a tall man whom she had never seen before . He had a gentle and kind voice that was firm and decisive . Although this happened twenty years ago , Mary still remembers the authority that radiated from the man . Mary was pleased to bring her luggage to Norway and told the stranger she would give his money back . The man wrote his name and address on a piece of paper and gave it to Mary . She thanked him repeatedly . When she finally walked off towards the boarding gate, he waved goodbye to her . That man turned out to be Barack Obama . Mary paid the money back to Obama the day she joined her husband . At that time he had just finished his job as a poorly paid community worker in Chicago , and had started his law studies at Harward University . In the spring of 2006 , Mary's parents heard Obama was considering a run for President . They wrote a letter saying that they would support him. At the same time , they thanked Obama for helping their daughter 18 years earlier . And Obama replied , \" I want to thank you for the lovely things you wrote about me and for reminding me of what happened at Miami airport . I'm happy I could help her then , and I'm delighted to hear that your daughter is happy in Norway . Please send her my best wishes . Sincerely , Barack Obama, United States Senator .\" What's the passage mainly about ?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "had not changed much", "looked very old", "was much thinner than before", "was wearing different clothes" ], "question": "The blue eyes that looked at him from outside the door were like the light through a maginifying glass when it is at its brightest and smallest, when paper and leaves begin to smoke. \"Hey . \" said the man in the door. \" Remember me? \" \" Yes. \" the boy said. whispering. \"Rick. \" He felt so surprised to see Rick. All of Rick seemed to be shown in the eyes. With a strong feeling that ought to have hurt him. \" You knew me.\" Rick said. \" You hadn't forgotten. \" \" You're--just the same. \" the boy said. and felt much thankful. He seemed even to be wearing the same clothes, the same blue shirt and grey trousers. He was thin, but he was built to be lean; and he was still, or again. sunburnt. After everything, the slow white smile still showed the slight feeling of happiness. \" Let's look at you.\" Rick said, dropping into a chair. Then slowly he felt more at home, and he became once more just Rick as if nothing had happened. There were lines about his eyes. and deeper lines on his cheeks. but he looked like-just Rick, lined by sunfight and smiling. \" When I look at you.\" he said, \" You make me think about me, for we look like each other. \" \" Yes, \" said the boy, eagerly, \" they all think we both look like my grandfather. \" On his return. Rick _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "brothers", "related", "friends", "neighbours" ], "question": "The blue eyes that looked at him from outside the door were like the light through a maginifying glass when it is at its brightest and smallest, when paper and leaves begin to smoke. \"Hey . \" said the man in the door. \" Remember me? \" \" Yes. \" the boy said. whispering. \"Rick. \" He felt so surprised to see Rick. All of Rick seemed to be shown in the eyes. With a strong feeling that ought to have hurt him. \" You knew me.\" Rick said. \" You hadn't forgotten. \" \" You're--just the same. \" the boy said. and felt much thankful. He seemed even to be wearing the same clothes, the same blue shirt and grey trousers. He was thin, but he was built to be lean; and he was still, or again. sunburnt. After everything, the slow white smile still showed the slight feeling of happiness. \" Let's look at you.\" Rick said, dropping into a chair. Then slowly he felt more at home, and he became once more just Rick as if nothing had happened. There were lines about his eyes. and deeper lines on his cheeks. but he looked like-just Rick, lined by sunfight and smiling. \" When I look at you.\" he said, \" You make me think about me, for we look like each other. \" \" Yes, \" said the boy, eagerly, \" they all think we both look like my grandfather. \" Rick and the boy are probably _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "old and friendly", "old and nervous", "thin and nervous", "thin and friendly" ], "question": "The blue eyes that looked at him from outside the door were like the light through a maginifying glass when it is at its brightest and smallest, when paper and leaves begin to smoke. \"Hey . \" said the man in the door. \" Remember me? \" \" Yes. \" the boy said. whispering. \"Rick. \" He felt so surprised to see Rick. All of Rick seemed to be shown in the eyes. With a strong feeling that ought to have hurt him. \" You knew me.\" Rick said. \" You hadn't forgotten. \" \" You're--just the same. \" the boy said. and felt much thankful. He seemed even to be wearing the same clothes, the same blue shirt and grey trousers. He was thin, but he was built to be lean; and he was still, or again. sunburnt. After everything, the slow white smile still showed the slight feeling of happiness. \" Let's look at you.\" Rick said, dropping into a chair. Then slowly he felt more at home, and he became once more just Rick as if nothing had happened. There were lines about his eyes. and deeper lines on his cheeks. but he looked like-just Rick, lined by sunfight and smiling. \" When I look at you.\" he said, \" You make me think about me, for we look like each other. \" \" Yes, \" said the boy, eagerly, \" they all think we both look like my grandfather. \" You could describe Rick as _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "was worried that Rick had forgotten him", "was proud of what Rick had done", "was pleased to see Rick", "wondered where Rick had been" ], "question": "The blue eyes that looked at him from outside the door were like the light through a maginifying glass when it is at its brightest and smallest, when paper and leaves begin to smoke. \"Hey . \" said the man in the door. \" Remember me? \" \" Yes. \" the boy said. whispering. \"Rick. \" He felt so surprised to see Rick. All of Rick seemed to be shown in the eyes. With a strong feeling that ought to have hurt him. \" You knew me.\" Rick said. \" You hadn't forgotten. \" \" You're--just the same. \" the boy said. and felt much thankful. He seemed even to be wearing the same clothes, the same blue shirt and grey trousers. He was thin, but he was built to be lean; and he was still, or again. sunburnt. After everything, the slow white smile still showed the slight feeling of happiness. \" Let's look at you.\" Rick said, dropping into a chair. Then slowly he felt more at home, and he became once more just Rick as if nothing had happened. There were lines about his eyes. and deeper lines on his cheeks. but he looked like-just Rick, lined by sunfight and smiling. \" When I look at you.\" he said, \" You make me think about me, for we look like each other. \" \" Yes, \" said the boy, eagerly, \" they all think we both look like my grandfather. \" From the passage we can tell that the boy _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "had similar personalities", "cared about each other", "had lived in the same house", "felt their friendship had changed" ], "question": "The blue eyes that looked at him from outside the door were like the light through a maginifying glass when it is at its brightest and smallest, when paper and leaves begin to smoke. \"Hey . \" said the man in the door. \" Remember me? \" \" Yes. \" the boy said. whispering. \"Rick. \" He felt so surprised to see Rick. All of Rick seemed to be shown in the eyes. With a strong feeling that ought to have hurt him. \" You knew me.\" Rick said. \" You hadn't forgotten. \" \" You're--just the same. \" the boy said. and felt much thankful. He seemed even to be wearing the same clothes, the same blue shirt and grey trousers. He was thin, but he was built to be lean; and he was still, or again. sunburnt. After everything, the slow white smile still showed the slight feeling of happiness. \" Let's look at you.\" Rick said, dropping into a chair. Then slowly he felt more at home, and he became once more just Rick as if nothing had happened. There were lines about his eyes. and deeper lines on his cheeks. but he looked like-just Rick, lined by sunfight and smiling. \" When I look at you.\" he said, \" You make me think about me, for we look like each other. \" \" Yes, \" said the boy, eagerly, \" they all think we both look like my grandfather. \" Rick and the boy _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "make people more interested in sports", "find a game that is very easy to play", "give everyone a chance to exercise", "create a game for middle-aged men" ], "question": "Volleyball has become a worldwide sport that is popular with all age groups, but when did this fun sport start? The history of volleyball dates back to 1895 when William G.Morgan met a Canadian James Naismith, inventor of basketball and was influenced by him and basketball.Then he wanted to invent a new game that was fit for middle-aged men. Morgan enjoyed the game of basketball, but soon he realized that it was too fast paced for some of the older men.So, he decided to invent a game that was still played on a court , but the players were not required to run up and down--he created the game of \"mintonette.\" Volleyball history shows that the original game of mintonette was played on a full court with a net in the middle.Two teams tossed the ball back and forth over the net, similar to the game of badminton.In order to cut down the equipment costs, the players played the ball with their hands. The game quickly became popular, and everyone wanted to learn how to play volleyball.It quickly spread to other areas, across the United States, and even to other countries.Several changes were made to the game. Then specific volleyball rules were set into place.Some of the rules of volleyball included the court size, number of players, and number of hits per team.The rules also stated that players must rotate around the court so that everyone had a turn to serve the ball.Also, a standard volleyball size and shape were decided within a few years.The rules continued to change and adjust throughout the history of volleyball, until the game became what we have today. Even though volleyball history says that the game was originally created for middle-aged men, the game has become so popular among all kinds of people.Today there are many different kinds of competitive volleyball teams: high school volleyball, college volleyball, women volleyball, men, children, mixed teams, etc.There is an endless amount of possibilities with this game because it is easy to learn, many people can play together, and it can by played indoors or outside. Morgan invented volleyball to _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "It shouldn't be played on a full court.", "It was similar to badminton.", "It was too fast for some people.", "It was too complex for people." ], "question": "Volleyball has become a worldwide sport that is popular with all age groups, but when did this fun sport start? The history of volleyball dates back to 1895 when William G.Morgan met a Canadian James Naismith, inventor of basketball and was influenced by him and basketball.Then he wanted to invent a new game that was fit for middle-aged men. Morgan enjoyed the game of basketball, but soon he realized that it was too fast paced for some of the older men.So, he decided to invent a game that was still played on a court , but the players were not required to run up and down--he created the game of \"mintonette.\" Volleyball history shows that the original game of mintonette was played on a full court with a net in the middle.Two teams tossed the ball back and forth over the net, similar to the game of badminton.In order to cut down the equipment costs, the players played the ball with their hands. The game quickly became popular, and everyone wanted to learn how to play volleyball.It quickly spread to other areas, across the United States, and even to other countries.Several changes were made to the game. Then specific volleyball rules were set into place.Some of the rules of volleyball included the court size, number of players, and number of hits per team.The rules also stated that players must rotate around the court so that everyone had a turn to serve the ball.Also, a standard volleyball size and shape were decided within a few years.The rules continued to change and adjust throughout the history of volleyball, until the game became what we have today. Even though volleyball history says that the game was originally created for middle-aged men, the game has become so popular among all kinds of people.Today there are many different kinds of competitive volleyball teams: high school volleyball, college volleyball, women volleyball, men, children, mixed teams, etc.There is an endless amount of possibilities with this game because it is easy to learn, many people can play together, and it can by played indoors or outside. What did Morgan think of basketball?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "American wanted to learn how to play volleyball", "volleyball was accepted in many countries", "it became popular in all the countries", "standard volleyballs were produced" ], "question": "Volleyball has become a worldwide sport that is popular with all age groups, but when did this fun sport start? The history of volleyball dates back to 1895 when William G.Morgan met a Canadian James Naismith, inventor of basketball and was influenced by him and basketball.Then he wanted to invent a new game that was fit for middle-aged men. Morgan enjoyed the game of basketball, but soon he realized that it was too fast paced for some of the older men.So, he decided to invent a game that was still played on a court , but the players were not required to run up and down--he created the game of \"mintonette.\" Volleyball history shows that the original game of mintonette was played on a full court with a net in the middle.Two teams tossed the ball back and forth over the net, similar to the game of badminton.In order to cut down the equipment costs, the players played the ball with their hands. The game quickly became popular, and everyone wanted to learn how to play volleyball.It quickly spread to other areas, across the United States, and even to other countries.Several changes were made to the game. Then specific volleyball rules were set into place.Some of the rules of volleyball included the court size, number of players, and number of hits per team.The rules also stated that players must rotate around the court so that everyone had a turn to serve the ball.Also, a standard volleyball size and shape were decided within a few years.The rules continued to change and adjust throughout the history of volleyball, until the game became what we have today. Even though volleyball history says that the game was originally created for middle-aged men, the game has become so popular among all kinds of people.Today there are many different kinds of competitive volleyball teams: high school volleyball, college volleyball, women volleyball, men, children, mixed teams, etc.There is an endless amount of possibilities with this game because it is easy to learn, many people can play together, and it can by played indoors or outside. Specific volleyball rules were formed probably because _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ ".The volleyball shape is decided by both teams.", ".Players must choose good positions in the court.", "Every player has a chance to serve the ball.", "Each team must rotate around the court." ], "question": "Volleyball has become a worldwide sport that is popular with all age groups, but when did this fun sport start? The history of volleyball dates back to 1895 when William G.Morgan met a Canadian James Naismith, inventor of basketball and was influenced by him and basketball.Then he wanted to invent a new game that was fit for middle-aged men. Morgan enjoyed the game of basketball, but soon he realized that it was too fast paced for some of the older men.So, he decided to invent a game that was still played on a court , but the players were not required to run up and down--he created the game of \"mintonette.\" Volleyball history shows that the original game of mintonette was played on a full court with a net in the middle.Two teams tossed the ball back and forth over the net, similar to the game of badminton.In order to cut down the equipment costs, the players played the ball with their hands. The game quickly became popular, and everyone wanted to learn how to play volleyball.It quickly spread to other areas, across the United States, and even to other countries.Several changes were made to the game. Then specific volleyball rules were set into place.Some of the rules of volleyball included the court size, number of players, and number of hits per team.The rules also stated that players must rotate around the court so that everyone had a turn to serve the ball.Also, a standard volleyball size and shape were decided within a few years.The rules continued to change and adjust throughout the history of volleyball, until the game became what we have today. Even though volleyball history says that the game was originally created for middle-aged men, the game has become so popular among all kinds of people.Today there are many different kinds of competitive volleyball teams: high school volleyball, college volleyball, women volleyball, men, children, mixed teams, etc.There is an endless amount of possibilities with this game because it is easy to learn, many people can play together, and it can by played indoors or outside. What is included in the volleyball rules?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "volleyball develops from the game of \"mintonette\"", "most of the competitive volleyball teams are in the college", "the rules of volleyball continue to change as they are easy to learn", "different rules have appeared to cut down the costs" ], "question": "Volleyball has become a worldwide sport that is popular with all age groups, but when did this fun sport start? The history of volleyball dates back to 1895 when William G.Morgan met a Canadian James Naismith, inventor of basketball and was influenced by him and basketball.Then he wanted to invent a new game that was fit for middle-aged men. Morgan enjoyed the game of basketball, but soon he realized that it was too fast paced for some of the older men.So, he decided to invent a game that was still played on a court , but the players were not required to run up and down--he created the game of \"mintonette.\" Volleyball history shows that the original game of mintonette was played on a full court with a net in the middle.Two teams tossed the ball back and forth over the net, similar to the game of badminton.In order to cut down the equipment costs, the players played the ball with their hands. The game quickly became popular, and everyone wanted to learn how to play volleyball.It quickly spread to other areas, across the United States, and even to other countries.Several changes were made to the game. Then specific volleyball rules were set into place.Some of the rules of volleyball included the court size, number of players, and number of hits per team.The rules also stated that players must rotate around the court so that everyone had a turn to serve the ball.Also, a standard volleyball size and shape were decided within a few years.The rules continued to change and adjust throughout the history of volleyball, until the game became what we have today. Even though volleyball history says that the game was originally created for middle-aged men, the game has become so popular among all kinds of people.Today there are many different kinds of competitive volleyball teams: high school volleyball, college volleyball, women volleyball, men, children, mixed teams, etc.There is an endless amount of possibilities with this game because it is easy to learn, many people can play together, and it can by played indoors or outside. We can infer from the passage that _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "find body language very interesting", "don't realize we're using body language", "hardly use any body language", "use body language on purpose" ], "question": "During communication, \"words\" express only 7% of meanings between people. About 23% of meanings are from the \"tone of voice\" and 70% of meanings come from \"body language\". So next time you want someone's attention--try body language instead. Everyone does it, and most interestingly--most do it unconsciously. You may wonder: \"Does that mean I have to study psychology to succeed in reading body language?\" The answer is \"no\" because most people are already body language readers. It's a skill developed since we're babies--think of how most babies can recognize facial expressions and get attention without saying anything. That is, you needn't spend most of your time practicing some of your body language cues ! However, you should know that the context is king. It suggests that, depending on the context of the situation, people will hide body language cues. So sometimes cues can be tricky: a woman who locks her arms may think you are boring--or she may just feel cold. You must learn to read into the context as well as the cues. Sometimes people care more about their body language cues. For example, poker players will consciously hide more of their body language cues. The first place to start when reading a person's body language is the face. The easiest way to hide your feelings is to cover your face. This is why it's sometimes hard to tell if an Islamic girl likes you. If the eyes are the windows of the mind, the eyebrows are the windows of the eyes. So, notice how a person's eyebrows will generally rise when they meet someone, see something they like or are surprised at. Eyes generally smile along with the mouth when someone is happy, so everyone knows \"^ . ^\". Most of the time in our daily life, we _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "The context results from body language.", "The context makes body language difficult.", "The context helps when reading body language.", "The context is more important than body language." ], "question": "During communication, \"words\" express only 7% of meanings between people. About 23% of meanings are from the \"tone of voice\" and 70% of meanings come from \"body language\". So next time you want someone's attention--try body language instead. Everyone does it, and most interestingly--most do it unconsciously. You may wonder: \"Does that mean I have to study psychology to succeed in reading body language?\" The answer is \"no\" because most people are already body language readers. It's a skill developed since we're babies--think of how most babies can recognize facial expressions and get attention without saying anything. That is, you needn't spend most of your time practicing some of your body language cues ! However, you should know that the context is king. It suggests that, depending on the context of the situation, people will hide body language cues. So sometimes cues can be tricky: a woman who locks her arms may think you are boring--or she may just feel cold. You must learn to read into the context as well as the cues. Sometimes people care more about their body language cues. For example, poker players will consciously hide more of their body language cues. The first place to start when reading a person's body language is the face. The easiest way to hide your feelings is to cover your face. This is why it's sometimes hard to tell if an Islamic girl likes you. If the eyes are the windows of the mind, the eyebrows are the windows of the eyes. So, notice how a person's eyebrows will generally rise when they meet someone, see something they like or are surprised at. Eyes generally smile along with the mouth when someone is happy, so everyone knows \"^ . ^\". What does the saying \"the context is king\" suggest?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Scientists", "Farmers.", "Teachers.", "Poker players." ], "question": "During communication, \"words\" express only 7% of meanings between people. About 23% of meanings are from the \"tone of voice\" and 70% of meanings come from \"body language\". So next time you want someone's attention--try body language instead. Everyone does it, and most interestingly--most do it unconsciously. You may wonder: \"Does that mean I have to study psychology to succeed in reading body language?\" The answer is \"no\" because most people are already body language readers. It's a skill developed since we're babies--think of how most babies can recognize facial expressions and get attention without saying anything. That is, you needn't spend most of your time practicing some of your body language cues ! However, you should know that the context is king. It suggests that, depending on the context of the situation, people will hide body language cues. So sometimes cues can be tricky: a woman who locks her arms may think you are boring--or she may just feel cold. You must learn to read into the context as well as the cues. Sometimes people care more about their body language cues. For example, poker players will consciously hide more of their body language cues. The first place to start when reading a person's body language is the face. The easiest way to hide your feelings is to cover your face. This is why it's sometimes hard to tell if an Islamic girl likes you. If the eyes are the windows of the mind, the eyebrows are the windows of the eyes. So, notice how a person's eyebrows will generally rise when they meet someone, see something they like or are surprised at. Eyes generally smile along with the mouth when someone is happy, so everyone knows \"^ . ^\". Who will hide their body language cues on purpose according to the text?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "women are less successful than men in top academic positions", "female applicants are at a disadvantage in getting research funding", "NOW's procedures and gender diversity policy enhance fair play", "there are equal chances for men and women to be admitted to a university" ], "question": "Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romyvan der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations. The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important \"talent programme\" of NWO, the Veni grant. \"Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,\"says Naomi Ellemers. Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). \"If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,\" said Ellemers. The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. \"Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submit,\" says Romy van der Lee. In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: \"As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.\" In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, \"The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.\" Van der Lee and Ellemers carried out the research to find out whether _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "grant receivers were more likely to get appointments at universities", "men applicants for research funding outnumbered women applicants", "the research proposals of women are equally treated with those of men", "the reviewers have narrow, prejudiced conceptions of women candidates" ], "question": "Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romyvan der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations. The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important \"talent programme\" of NWO, the Veni grant. \"Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,\"says Naomi Ellemers. Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). \"If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,\" said Ellemers. The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. \"Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submit,\" says Romy van der Lee. In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: \"As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.\" In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, \"The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.\" Van der Lee and Ellemers' study shows that _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "The words used in the instructions and forms.", "The reviewers' preference to applications.", "The methods and procedures for evaluation.", "The vague and unclear assessment criteria." ], "question": "Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romyvan der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations. The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important \"talent programme\" of NWO, the Veni grant. \"Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,\"says Naomi Ellemers. Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). \"If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,\" said Ellemers. The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. \"Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submit,\" says Romy van der Lee. In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: \"As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.\" In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, \"The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.\" What might be the main cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Eliminate possibilities for difference in awarding rates.", "Design a language examination for all the reviewers.", "Emphasize the importance of gender awareness.", "Improve the assessment procedures and criteria." ], "question": "Women are still underrepresented in top academic positions. One of the possible explanations for this is the increasing importance of obtaining research funding. Women are often less successful in this than men. Psychology researchers Dr. Romyvan der Lee and professor Naomi Ellemers investigated whether this difference also occurs at the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and examined potential explanations. The researchers were assigned by NWO to carry out this study as part of the broader evaluation of NWO's procedures and its gender diversity policy. The aim was to gain more insight into the causes of the differences in awarding rates for male and female applicants for research funding. The analysis addressed an important \"talent programme\" of NWO, the Veni grant. \"Whoever receives this grant has a greater chance of obtaining an important appointment at a university,\"says Naomi Ellemers. Van der Lee and Ellemers investigated all the applications submitted by male and female researchers over a period of three years: a total of 2823 applications. Under the direction of NWO these applications were assessed by scientific committees consisting of men and women. The results demonstrate that the awarding rates for female applicants (14.9%) are systematically lower than those for male applicants (17.7%). \"If we compare the proportion of women among the applicants with the proportion of women among those awarded funding, we see a loss of 4%,\" said Ellemers. The study reveals that women are less positively evaluated for their qualities as researcher than men are. \"Interestingly the research proposals of women and men are evaluated equally positively. In other words, the reviewers see no difference in the quality of the proposals that men and women submit,\" says Romy van der Lee. In search for a possible cause for the differences in awarding rates and evaluations, the researchers also investigated the language use in the instructions and forms used to assess the quality of applications. This clearly revealed the occurrence of gendered language. The words that are used to indicate quality are frequently words that were established in previous research as referring mainly to the male gender stereotype (such as challenging and excellent). Romy van der Lee explains: \"As a result, it appears that men more easily satisfy the assessment criteria, because these better fit the characteristics stereotypically associated with men.\" In response to the results of this research, NWO will devote more attention to the gender awareness of reviewers in its methods and procedures. It will also be investigated which changes to the assessment procedures and criteria can most strongly contribute to more equal chances for men and women to obtain research funding. This will include an examination of the language used by NWO. NWO chair Jos Engelens said, \"The research has yielded valuable results and insights. Based on the recommendations made by the researchers we will therefore focus in the coming period on the development of evidence-based measures to reduce the difference in awarding rates.\" What will NWO probably do next in response to the results of this research?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Whether local bike shops will suffer.", "How non-cyclists will respond to it.", "Whether local bike businesses will oppose it.", "How the safety of bike riders can be ensured." ], "question": "Bright blue Citi Bikes are becoming a fine sight in the New Yorker street. New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling passengers on those blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops ? Is City Bike booming at their expense? At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as \"Ben W.\" said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program. \"It's getting more people on the road, more people learning about the sport and getting involved,\" he said. An employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a good option for people in a city famed for its traffic jams and aggressive drivers. \"They can try out a bike without buying one:' James Ryan said. Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny's Cycles. But for Frank's Bike Shop, a small business on Grand St., the bike-share program has been bad news. Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by 90% since Citi Bike was launched last month. Arroyo's main rental customers are European tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes. However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. \"People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer for themselves,\" he noted. Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. said at first he was concerned about bike-share, though, he admitted, \"I was happy to see people on bikes.\" Farrell's early concerns were repeated by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. \"It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to put into use:' Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders' lack of awareness of biking rules and strong negative reaction from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his business has been impacted . While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in business, Crooks agreed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City. What is the author's chief concern about the increasing use of Citi Bikes in New York?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "It found its bike sales unaffected.", "It changed its business to rentals.", "It saw its bike sales on the rise.", "It rented more bikes to tourists." ], "question": "Bright blue Citi Bikes are becoming a fine sight in the New Yorker street. New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling passengers on those blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops ? Is City Bike booming at their expense? At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as \"Ben W.\" said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program. \"It's getting more people on the road, more people learning about the sport and getting involved,\" he said. An employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a good option for people in a city famed for its traffic jams and aggressive drivers. \"They can try out a bike without buying one:' James Ryan said. Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny's Cycles. But for Frank's Bike Shop, a small business on Grand St., the bike-share program has been bad news. Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by 90% since Citi Bike was launched last month. Arroyo's main rental customers are European tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes. However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. \"People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer for themselves,\" he noted. Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. said at first he was concerned about bike-share, though, he admitted, \"I was happy to see people on bikes.\" Farrell's early concerns were repeated by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. \"It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to put into use:' Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders' lack of awareness of biking rules and strong negative reaction from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his business has been impacted . While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in business, Crooks agreed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City. What happened to Gotham Bikes as a result of the bike-share program?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Its customers have been drawn away by Citi Bikes.", "It cannot meet the demand of the bike-share program.", "Its bike prices have to be lowered again and again.", "It has to compete with the city's bike rental shops." ], "question": "Bright blue Citi Bikes are becoming a fine sight in the New Yorker street. New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling passengers on those blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops ? Is City Bike booming at their expense? At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as \"Ben W.\" said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program. \"It's getting more people on the road, more people learning about the sport and getting involved,\" he said. An employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a good option for people in a city famed for its traffic jams and aggressive drivers. \"They can try out a bike without buying one:' James Ryan said. Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny's Cycles. But for Frank's Bike Shop, a small business on Grand St., the bike-share program has been bad news. Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by 90% since Citi Bike was launched last month. Arroyo's main rental customers are European tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes. However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. \"People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer for themselves,\" he noted. Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. said at first he was concerned about bike-share, though, he admitted, \"I was happy to see people on bikes.\" Farrell's early concerns were repeated by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. \"It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to put into use:' Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders' lack of awareness of biking rules and strong negative reaction from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his business has been impacted . While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in business, Crooks agreed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City. Why is the bike-share program bad news for Frank's Bike Shop?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Doubtful.", "Negative.", "Uninterested.", "Approving." ], "question": "Bright blue Citi Bikes are becoming a fine sight in the New Yorker street. New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedaling passengers on those blue Citi Bikes. But what about local bike shops ? Is City Bike booming at their expense? At Gotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as \"Ben W.\" said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to the bike-share program. \"It's getting more people on the road, more people learning about the sport and getting involved,\" he said. An employee at Danny's Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a good option for people in a city famed for its traffic jams and aggressive drivers. \"They can try out a bike without buying one:' James Ryan said. Rentals are not a big part of the business at either Gotham Bikes or Danny's Cycles. But for Frank's Bike Shop, a small business on Grand St., the bike-share program has been bad news. Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by 90% since Citi Bike was launched last month. Arroyo's main rental customers are European tourists, who have since been drawn away by Citi Bikes. However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales at his shop. \"People have used the bike-share and realized how great it is to bike in the city, then decide that they want something nicer for themselves,\" he noted. Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St. said at first he was concerned about bike-share, though, he admitted, \"I was happy to see people on bikes.\" Farrell's early concerns were repeated by Andrew Crooks, owner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. \"It seemed like a great idea, but one that would be difficult to put into use:' Crooks said of Citi Bike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders' lack of awareness of biking rules and strong negative reaction from non-cyclists. However, he said, it's still too early to tell if his business has been impacted . While it's possible bike-share will cause a drop in business, Crooks agreed that the idea is a positive step forward for New York City. What is the general attitude of the local bike shops towards Citi Bike?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Changing the received vibrations into digital data.", "Analyzing the digital data to see what pronunciations it represents.", "Putting the pronunciations together into possible words.", "Figuring out meaningful sentences based on the words." ], "question": "IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you - wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails. The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are. The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri. Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year. When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has \"learned\" lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue. But how could a cell phone or a computer \"hear\" what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology. When you speak, your voice creates vibrations in the air - a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary. But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying. However, people don't always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way. Fortunately, Siri isn't like that. It's not just \"voice recognition\"; it's \"natural language understanding (NLU)\". You can ask it things like \"Do I need an umbrella today?\" and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News. \"The key thing is NLU - understanding what you mean and what you want,\" Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. \"Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that's natural to you.\" Which step is the most complicated in the process of voice recognition according to the article?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "You can speak in a natural way as you would to a person.", "You can only speak English and Chinese.", "You have to say things in a certain way.", "You have to remember keywords and speak specific commands." ], "question": "IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you - wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails. The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are. The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri. Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year. When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has \"learned\" lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue. But how could a cell phone or a computer \"hear\" what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology. When you speak, your voice creates vibrations in the air - a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary. But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying. However, people don't always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way. Fortunately, Siri isn't like that. It's not just \"voice recognition\"; it's \"natural language understanding (NLU)\". You can ask it things like \"Do I need an umbrella today?\" and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News. \"The key thing is NLU - understanding what you mean and what you want,\" Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. \"Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that's natural to you.\" How can you get Siri to respond according to the article?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "Siri can record and save what you say frequently into a computer dictionary.", "Siri will fail to understand what you say if you make grammatical mistakes.", "The biggest advantage of Siri is that it's NLU is rather than just voice recognition.", "Since first applied to Apple products a year ago, Siri has made great improvements." ], "question": "IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you - wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails. The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are. The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri. Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year. When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has \"learned\" lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue. But how could a cell phone or a computer \"hear\" what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology. When you speak, your voice creates vibrations in the air - a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary. But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying. However, people don't always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way. Fortunately, Siri isn't like that. It's not just \"voice recognition\"; it's \"natural language understanding (NLU)\". You can ask it things like \"Do I need an umbrella today?\" and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News. \"The key thing is NLU - understanding what you mean and what you want,\" Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. \"Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that's natural to you.\" What can be concluded from the article?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "the convenience of future life.", "an introduction to the Apple products.", "the working system of voice recognition", "the introduction to Siri" ], "question": "IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you - wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails. The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are. The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri. Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year. When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has \"learned\" lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue. But how could a cell phone or a computer \"hear\" what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology. When you speak, your voice creates vibrations in the air - a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary. But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying. However, people don't always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way. Fortunately, Siri isn't like that. It's not just \"voice recognition\"; it's \"natural language understanding (NLU)\". You can ask it things like \"Do I need an umbrella today?\" and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News. \"The key thing is NLU - understanding what you mean and what you want,\" Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. \"Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that's natural to you.\" The text is mainly about _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "The doctor made the mistake deliberately so they do not apologize.", "Doctors never tell the patient they have made a mistake.", "The patients won't forgive the doctor if he make the mistake.", "The patient will usually forgive the doctor when the mistake are not intentional." ], "question": "There is nothing in the Hippocratic Oath that tells doctors what to do when they make a mistake with a patient. Nor is there much on this subject in medical school curriculums or in training programs. _ Much was made of the Institute of Medicine's 1999 report that 44,000 to 98,000 people die each year in hospitals from preventable medical errors, many of them made by doctors. The report stated much first-hand information to address the problem, but there was little discussion about how doctors, when they have made mistakes, should deal with their patients, Everyone assumes that the ever-present threat of accusation has made doctors more anxious about admitting error, and no doubt it has, But doctors have always been tight-lipped about their mistakes, in part to preserve an illusion(,) of medical omnipotence Studies suggest that patients are less likely to accuse doctors when they apologize for mistakes, and many hospitals now encourage their physicians to admit their errors. According to an supportive group called The Sorry Works! Coalition, 16 states have already passed laws giving doctors legal immunity for their apologies to patients. Of course, there are plenty of doctors with a nice bedside manner who can get away with bad treatment. How else to explain patients who often line up in court to support doctors accused of malpractice ? The surprising truth is that many patients have a hard time knowing whether they are really getting good medical care. Because so many diseases change randomly over time, patients sometimes spontaneously improve despite improper treatment. On the other hand, a patient who receives exemplary medical care may fare badly simply because the illness is hard to treat. In other words, doctors are often praised or blamed, when the outcome is in fact a chance event. Many, perhaps even most, medical errors probably have little ill effect and go unnoticed by patients. Many lawyers would disagree, but doctors ought to let their patients know when they've made a mistake; it humanizes them and builds trust. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Supportive", "Critical", "Indifferent", "Neutral" ], "question": "There is nothing in the Hippocratic Oath that tells doctors what to do when they make a mistake with a patient. Nor is there much on this subject in medical school curriculums or in training programs. _ Much was made of the Institute of Medicine's 1999 report that 44,000 to 98,000 people die each year in hospitals from preventable medical errors, many of them made by doctors. The report stated much first-hand information to address the problem, but there was little discussion about how doctors, when they have made mistakes, should deal with their patients, Everyone assumes that the ever-present threat of accusation has made doctors more anxious about admitting error, and no doubt it has, But doctors have always been tight-lipped about their mistakes, in part to preserve an illusion(,) of medical omnipotence Studies suggest that patients are less likely to accuse doctors when they apologize for mistakes, and many hospitals now encourage their physicians to admit their errors. According to an supportive group called The Sorry Works! Coalition, 16 states have already passed laws giving doctors legal immunity for their apologies to patients. Of course, there are plenty of doctors with a nice bedside manner who can get away with bad treatment. How else to explain patients who often line up in court to support doctors accused of malpractice ? The surprising truth is that many patients have a hard time knowing whether they are really getting good medical care. Because so many diseases change randomly over time, patients sometimes spontaneously improve despite improper treatment. On the other hand, a patient who receives exemplary medical care may fare badly simply because the illness is hard to treat. In other words, doctors are often praised or blamed, when the outcome is in fact a chance event. Many, perhaps even most, medical errors probably have little ill effect and go unnoticed by patients. Many lawyers would disagree, but doctors ought to let their patients know when they've made a mistake; it humanizes them and builds trust. What is the author's attitude toward the opinion that the doctor should apologize when he makes a mistake?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "is shortens people's sleeping time", "it makes people upset and unable to concentrate", "it releases radiation and increases people's chances of getting sick", "it stimulates the body to release awaking hormones at the wrong time" ], "question": "Don't you find that it is getting increasingly darker every day when you wake up for school ? As winter comes ,days become shorter while the nights become longer ,In the past people slept more in winter ,but in modern times we just use more electric light instead of sunlight to continue our normal routines . But scientific research is finding that manhandling of electric light is making us sick . Electric light is fooling the body's biological clock into releasing awaking hormones ( )at the wrong times ,scientists say .This might be leading to seasonal fatigue and depression . Much more than mental health is at stake ,Recent scientific studies have found that women who work at night ,have higher chances of getting breast-cancer . \"Electric lights are wonderful ,but as with a lot of other things ,we really mess ,things up \"said David Avery ,a psychiatrist .\" Our ancestors evolved in a very regular light -dark cycle ,and our bodies just work better that way .\" Researchers have known for a long time that all living things have a biological clock that is linked to light ,Being of the natural day-night cycle can cause fatigue ,mood change and depression ,This is known as seasonal affective disorder ,or SAD. Scientists disagree on the cause of SAD ,Some say it is caused by winter's late sunrises , others blame the early sunsets . However ,they all agree the perfect solution to SAD is to give up artificial light ,It will quickly bring someone into a cycle of long ,restful nights and easy awakenings at dawn . But realistically most people need to use electric light in their everyday life . Ironically the next best solution is to use more bright lights to reset the body's biological clock . By getting bright light first thing in the morning it simulates an earlier dawn and shifts the body clock forward ,according to Alfred Lewy ,a psychiatrist at Oregon Health & Science University . A 2005 study done by the American Psychiatric Association showed that daily exposure to bright light was about as effective as medicine used to treat several forms of depression . According to the text ,electric light is bad for health mainly because _", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "weight loss", "depression", "fatigue", "mood change" ], "question": "Don't you find that it is getting increasingly darker every day when you wake up for school ? As winter comes ,days become shorter while the nights become longer ,In the past people slept more in winter ,but in modern times we just use more electric light instead of sunlight to continue our normal routines . But scientific research is finding that manhandling of electric light is making us sick . Electric light is fooling the body's biological clock into releasing awaking hormones ( )at the wrong times ,scientists say .This might be leading to seasonal fatigue and depression . Much more than mental health is at stake ,Recent scientific studies have found that women who work at night ,have higher chances of getting breast-cancer . \"Electric lights are wonderful ,but as with a lot of other things ,we really mess ,things up \"said David Avery ,a psychiatrist .\" Our ancestors evolved in a very regular light -dark cycle ,and our bodies just work better that way .\" Researchers have known for a long time that all living things have a biological clock that is linked to light ,Being of the natural day-night cycle can cause fatigue ,mood change and depression ,This is known as seasonal affective disorder ,or SAD. Scientists disagree on the cause of SAD ,Some say it is caused by winter's late sunrises , others blame the early sunsets . However ,they all agree the perfect solution to SAD is to give up artificial light ,It will quickly bring someone into a cycle of long ,restful nights and easy awakenings at dawn . But realistically most people need to use electric light in their everyday life . Ironically the next best solution is to use more bright lights to reset the body's biological clock . By getting bright light first thing in the morning it simulates an earlier dawn and shifts the body clock forward ,according to Alfred Lewy ,a psychiatrist at Oregon Health & Science University . A 2005 study done by the American Psychiatric Association showed that daily exposure to bright light was about as effective as medicine used to treat several forms of depression . A person suffering from SAD may experience all of the following symptoms EXCEPT _", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "women are more likely to suffer SAD than men", "SAD is a reaction to the lack of sunlight in winter", "scientists are still unclear about the cause of SAD", "all living things have a biological clock related to electric light" ], "question": "Don't you find that it is getting increasingly darker every day when you wake up for school ? As winter comes ,days become shorter while the nights become longer ,In the past people slept more in winter ,but in modern times we just use more electric light instead of sunlight to continue our normal routines . But scientific research is finding that manhandling of electric light is making us sick . Electric light is fooling the body's biological clock into releasing awaking hormones ( )at the wrong times ,scientists say .This might be leading to seasonal fatigue and depression . Much more than mental health is at stake ,Recent scientific studies have found that women who work at night ,have higher chances of getting breast-cancer . \"Electric lights are wonderful ,but as with a lot of other things ,we really mess ,things up \"said David Avery ,a psychiatrist .\" Our ancestors evolved in a very regular light -dark cycle ,and our bodies just work better that way .\" Researchers have known for a long time that all living things have a biological clock that is linked to light ,Being of the natural day-night cycle can cause fatigue ,mood change and depression ,This is known as seasonal affective disorder ,or SAD. Scientists disagree on the cause of SAD ,Some say it is caused by winter's late sunrises , others blame the early sunsets . However ,they all agree the perfect solution to SAD is to give up artificial light ,It will quickly bring someone into a cycle of long ,restful nights and easy awakenings at dawn . But realistically most people need to use electric light in their everyday life . Ironically the next best solution is to use more bright lights to reset the body's biological clock . By getting bright light first thing in the morning it simulates an earlier dawn and shifts the body clock forward ,according to Alfred Lewy ,a psychiatrist at Oregon Health & Science University . A 2005 study done by the American Psychiatric Association showed that daily exposure to bright light was about as effective as medicine used to treat several forms of depression . It can be inferred from the text that _", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Using bright lights to reset the body's clock", "Getting bright light in the morning to shift the body clock forward", "Daily exposure to bright light .", "Giving up artificial light" ], "question": "Don't you find that it is getting increasingly darker every day when you wake up for school ? As winter comes ,days become shorter while the nights become longer ,In the past people slept more in winter ,but in modern times we just use more electric light instead of sunlight to continue our normal routines . But scientific research is finding that manhandling of electric light is making us sick . Electric light is fooling the body's biological clock into releasing awaking hormones ( )at the wrong times ,scientists say .This might be leading to seasonal fatigue and depression . Much more than mental health is at stake ,Recent scientific studies have found that women who work at night ,have higher chances of getting breast-cancer . \"Electric lights are wonderful ,but as with a lot of other things ,we really mess ,things up \"said David Avery ,a psychiatrist .\" Our ancestors evolved in a very regular light -dark cycle ,and our bodies just work better that way .\" Researchers have known for a long time that all living things have a biological clock that is linked to light ,Being of the natural day-night cycle can cause fatigue ,mood change and depression ,This is known as seasonal affective disorder ,or SAD. Scientists disagree on the cause of SAD ,Some say it is caused by winter's late sunrises , others blame the early sunsets . However ,they all agree the perfect solution to SAD is to give up artificial light ,It will quickly bring someone into a cycle of long ,restful nights and easy awakenings at dawn . But realistically most people need to use electric light in their everyday life . Ironically the next best solution is to use more bright lights to reset the body's biological clock . By getting bright light first thing in the morning it simulates an earlier dawn and shifts the body clock forward ,according to Alfred Lewy ,a psychiatrist at Oregon Health & Science University . A 2005 study done by the American Psychiatric Association showed that daily exposure to bright light was about as effective as medicine used to treat several forms of depression . What is the best solution to treat people with SAD?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "people will sleep less and less as time goes on", "hormones are important to your body", "even though your biological clock is out of order ,you still feel OK", "daily exposure to the bright light is as effective as medicine" ], "question": "Don't you find that it is getting increasingly darker every day when you wake up for school ? As winter comes ,days become shorter while the nights become longer ,In the past people slept more in winter ,but in modern times we just use more electric light instead of sunlight to continue our normal routines . But scientific research is finding that manhandling of electric light is making us sick . Electric light is fooling the body's biological clock into releasing awaking hormones ( )at the wrong times ,scientists say .This might be leading to seasonal fatigue and depression . Much more than mental health is at stake ,Recent scientific studies have found that women who work at night ,have higher chances of getting breast-cancer . \"Electric lights are wonderful ,but as with a lot of other things ,we really mess ,things up \"said David Avery ,a psychiatrist .\" Our ancestors evolved in a very regular light -dark cycle ,and our bodies just work better that way .\" Researchers have known for a long time that all living things have a biological clock that is linked to light ,Being of the natural day-night cycle can cause fatigue ,mood change and depression ,This is known as seasonal affective disorder ,or SAD. Scientists disagree on the cause of SAD ,Some say it is caused by winter's late sunrises , others blame the early sunsets . However ,they all agree the perfect solution to SAD is to give up artificial light ,It will quickly bring someone into a cycle of long ,restful nights and easy awakenings at dawn . But realistically most people need to use electric light in their everyday life . Ironically the next best solution is to use more bright lights to reset the body's biological clock . By getting bright light first thing in the morning it simulates an earlier dawn and shifts the body clock forward ,according to Alfred Lewy ,a psychiatrist at Oregon Health & Science University . A 2005 study done by the American Psychiatric Association showed that daily exposure to bright light was about as effective as medicine used to treat several forms of depression . From the passage , we can find _", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "The entrance of a deep,dark cave.", "The bats feeding on insects at night.", "The huge number of bats flying together.", "It takes place all summer long." ], "question": "The sun is setting on a summer night.At the entrance of a deep,dark cave,a few bats fly out.Within a few minutes,millions and millions of bats are pouring out of the cave. Sounds like a scary horror movie? Believe it or not,this scene takes place all summer long,at Bracken Cave in Texas,where 20 million bats come out to feed on insects every night.\"It is magical,\"says Jim Kennedy of Bat Conservation International in Texas.\"It is one of the most impressive animal movements on the planet.\" Every March or April,Mexican free-tailed bats migrate up to 1,600 kilometers from their winter home in Mexico to their American home in Texas,where they raise their young. Soon after they arrive,each mother gives birth to one baby.As many as 500,baby bats crowd into 30 cubic centimeters of space.and all those bodies create nice warm tem- peratures to keep them cozy and comfortable. If you have ever lost sight of your parents in a crowded playground,you may be won- dering how mother bats recorgnize their children.They use their sense of smell to tell which baby is theirs when it is time for the babies to have milk. When twenty million bats fly out of one cave opening,they make a column so thick that they show up on the radar at the nearby airport.It can take three hours for all of them to get out from the cave.\"You can feel the breeze from their wings,and see the plats wa- ving,\"says Kennedy.\"The movement of all those wings makes a very relaxing soft sound.I've always thought it would make a great relaxation music to help you go to sleep. So much for bats being scary!\" What makes the scene so\"impressive\"?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "So much space is being occupied by bats!", "Bats are so much more scary than before!", "Never say bats are frightening again!", "So many bats are being scared away !" ], "question": "The sun is setting on a summer night.At the entrance of a deep,dark cave,a few bats fly out.Within a few minutes,millions and millions of bats are pouring out of the cave. Sounds like a scary horror movie? Believe it or not,this scene takes place all summer long,at Bracken Cave in Texas,where 20 million bats come out to feed on insects every night.\"It is magical,\"says Jim Kennedy of Bat Conservation International in Texas.\"It is one of the most impressive animal movements on the planet.\" Every March or April,Mexican free-tailed bats migrate up to 1,600 kilometers from their winter home in Mexico to their American home in Texas,where they raise their young. Soon after they arrive,each mother gives birth to one baby.As many as 500,baby bats crowd into 30 cubic centimeters of space.and all those bodies create nice warm tem- peratures to keep them cozy and comfortable. If you have ever lost sight of your parents in a crowded playground,you may be won- dering how mother bats recorgnize their children.They use their sense of smell to tell which baby is theirs when it is time for the babies to have milk. When twenty million bats fly out of one cave opening,they make a column so thick that they show up on the radar at the nearby airport.It can take three hours for all of them to get out from the cave.\"You can feel the breeze from their wings,and see the plats wa- ving,\"says Kennedy.\"The movement of all those wings makes a very relaxing soft sound.I've always thought it would make a great relaxation music to help you go to sleep. So much for bats being scary!\" What does Kennedy mean by\"So much for bats being scary!\"?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "The writer owes great thanks to Sam for teaching him how to use free time", "Sam has had a great influence on the writer's study.", "The writer didn't take the teacher's words to heart at first.", "Rapid concentration is actually more difficult than most people imagine" ], "question": "Sam Trafton was my violin teacher and what he said during one of my lessons often came back to me years later. One day he asked me how much I practiced, I said three or four hours a day. \"Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?\" \"I try to.\" \"Well, don't,\" he shouted. \"When you grow up, time won't come in long stretches. Practice in minutes, whenever you can find them five or ten before school, after lunch, between household tasks. Spread the practice through the day.\" When I was teaching at Boston, I wanted to write a novel, but for two years I got practically nothing down on paper, and my excuse was that I had no time. Then I remembered what Sam had said. During the next week I did an experiment. Whenever I had five minutes unoccupied, I sat down and wrote a hundred words or so. To my surprise, at the end of the week I had finished a chapter. Later on I continued my novels by the same piecemeal method.Though my teaching schedule had become heavier than ever, every day there were unoccupied moments that could be caught and put to use. However, you must get into your work quickly. If you have only five minutes for writing, you can't afford to waste four chewing your pencil. You must make your mental preparations beforehand, and concentrate on your task almost instantly when the time comes. Fortunately, rapid concentration is easier than most of us realize. Sam Trafton has had a great influence on my life. He let me know that life can be _ to supply you short moments and even very short periods of time can add up to all useful hours you need, if you start without delay. Which of the following statements is TRUE?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "has new books published each year however busy his teaching is", "can always find enough time for mental preparations beforehand", "has formed a bad habit of chewing a pencil while writing his novels", "is always tired of life because his teaching schedule is always heavy" ], "question": "Sam Trafton was my violin teacher and what he said during one of my lessons often came back to me years later. One day he asked me how much I practiced, I said three or four hours a day. \"Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?\" \"I try to.\" \"Well, don't,\" he shouted. \"When you grow up, time won't come in long stretches. Practice in minutes, whenever you can find them five or ten before school, after lunch, between household tasks. Spread the practice through the day.\" When I was teaching at Boston, I wanted to write a novel, but for two years I got practically nothing down on paper, and my excuse was that I had no time. Then I remembered what Sam had said. During the next week I did an experiment. Whenever I had five minutes unoccupied, I sat down and wrote a hundred words or so. To my surprise, at the end of the week I had finished a chapter. Later on I continued my novels by the same piecemeal method.Though my teaching schedule had become heavier than ever, every day there were unoccupied moments that could be caught and put to use. However, you must get into your work quickly. If you have only five minutes for writing, you can't afford to waste four chewing your pencil. You must make your mental preparations beforehand, and concentrate on your task almost instantly when the time comes. Fortunately, rapid concentration is easier than most of us realize. Sam Trafton has had a great influence on my life. He let me know that life can be _ to supply you short moments and even very short periods of time can add up to all useful hours you need, if you start without delay. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "A Little Time at a Time", "How I Became a Writer", "Concentrate on Your Work", "My Violin Teacher" ], "question": "Sam Trafton was my violin teacher and what he said during one of my lessons often came back to me years later. One day he asked me how much I practiced, I said three or four hours a day. \"Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?\" \"I try to.\" \"Well, don't,\" he shouted. \"When you grow up, time won't come in long stretches. Practice in minutes, whenever you can find them five or ten before school, after lunch, between household tasks. Spread the practice through the day.\" When I was teaching at Boston, I wanted to write a novel, but for two years I got practically nothing down on paper, and my excuse was that I had no time. Then I remembered what Sam had said. During the next week I did an experiment. Whenever I had five minutes unoccupied, I sat down and wrote a hundred words or so. To my surprise, at the end of the week I had finished a chapter. Later on I continued my novels by the same piecemeal method.Though my teaching schedule had become heavier than ever, every day there were unoccupied moments that could be caught and put to use. However, you must get into your work quickly. If you have only five minutes for writing, you can't afford to waste four chewing your pencil. You must make your mental preparations beforehand, and concentrate on your task almost instantly when the time comes. Fortunately, rapid concentration is easier than most of us realize. Sam Trafton has had a great influence on my life. He let me know that life can be _ to supply you short moments and even very short periods of time can add up to all useful hours you need, if you start without delay. What is the best title for this passage?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Reading and listening.", "Reading and writing.", "Writing and speaking.", "Speaking and listening." ], "question": "If you want to become a fluent English speaker you should take some advice: There are four skills in learning English. They are reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence, the meanings of the unfamiliar words, etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you _ , but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example in other passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes. If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically, and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect. According to the author, which should you improve first among the four skills?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "everyone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every day", "you needn't practice listening if you keep on reading every day", "being good at reading is helpful in improving your listening", "you should take notes of whatever you are hearing" ], "question": "If you want to become a fluent English speaker you should take some advice: There are four skills in learning English. They are reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence, the meanings of the unfamiliar words, etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you _ , but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example in other passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes. If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically, and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect. The author seems to agree with the view that _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "choose suitable listening materials", "deal with new words in reading", "improve your English as quickly as possible", "become fluent in speaking and writing English" ], "question": "If you want to become a fluent English speaker you should take some advice: There are four skills in learning English. They are reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence, the meanings of the unfamiliar words, etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you _ , but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example in other passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes. If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically, and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect. The passage is mainly about how to _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "Sussex", "Wessex", "Essex", "East Anglia" ], "question": "The name England comes from the words \"Angle land\".The Angles were people who came from northern Germany in the 5th and 6th centuries,after the Romans had left.The French name for England is Angleterre,which also means \"Angle land\".There were also invasions of southern England by Saxons and Jutes (people from another part of northern Germany).English people are sometimes called AngloSaxons.The Celts who used to live in this area were forced to move back into Scotland,Ireland,Cornwall and into Western France (the area known as Brittany). England at first became a series of kingdoms,the strongest of which was Wessex (the name comes from WestSaxon).The names of many of the areas in England come from this period--for example,the name Sussex comes from SouthSaxon,Essex from EastSaxon,and East Anglia from EastAngle.The Vikings then came from Denmark,and later the Normans invaded from France. Eventually England,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland were united,forming the United Kingdom. The English language is the main language spoken throughout England,although there are many different accents.It can be difficult to know how to spell or to pronounce some English words,because the language has been influenced by Latin and Greek (languages used at the time of the Romans,and used in religion and education until recent times),German (the language of the Angles,Saxons and Jutes),French(the language of the Normans),Gaelic/Scots (Celtic languages) and Danish (the language of the Vikings). There are now many people throughout the United Kingdom who speak a foreign language either as their first or second language;mainly due to immigration from Europe or the Commonwealth (countries which used to be part of the British Empire). In the history of England, _ once was the strongest kingdom.", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "Because they are required to learn a foreign language at school.", "Because they plan to live outside the UK in the future.", "Because they have moved from other countries.", "Because they have worked in other countries." ], "question": "The name England comes from the words \"Angle land\".The Angles were people who came from northern Germany in the 5th and 6th centuries,after the Romans had left.The French name for England is Angleterre,which also means \"Angle land\".There were also invasions of southern England by Saxons and Jutes (people from another part of northern Germany).English people are sometimes called AngloSaxons.The Celts who used to live in this area were forced to move back into Scotland,Ireland,Cornwall and into Western France (the area known as Brittany). England at first became a series of kingdoms,the strongest of which was Wessex (the name comes from WestSaxon).The names of many of the areas in England come from this period--for example,the name Sussex comes from SouthSaxon,Essex from EastSaxon,and East Anglia from EastAngle.The Vikings then came from Denmark,and later the Normans invaded from France. Eventually England,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland were united,forming the United Kingdom. The English language is the main language spoken throughout England,although there are many different accents.It can be difficult to know how to spell or to pronounce some English words,because the language has been influenced by Latin and Greek (languages used at the time of the Romans,and used in religion and education until recent times),German (the language of the Angles,Saxons and Jutes),French(the language of the Normans),Gaelic/Scots (Celtic languages) and Danish (the language of the Vikings). There are now many people throughout the United Kingdom who speak a foreign language either as their first or second language;mainly due to immigration from Europe or the Commonwealth (countries which used to be part of the British Empire). Why do many people in the UK speak a foreign language nowadays?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "tell the history of England", "tell how the United Kingdom was formed", "introduce the main spoken language throughout England", "tell the origin of the name of England" ], "question": "The name England comes from the words \"Angle land\".The Angles were people who came from northern Germany in the 5th and 6th centuries,after the Romans had left.The French name for England is Angleterre,which also means \"Angle land\".There were also invasions of southern England by Saxons and Jutes (people from another part of northern Germany).English people are sometimes called AngloSaxons.The Celts who used to live in this area were forced to move back into Scotland,Ireland,Cornwall and into Western France (the area known as Brittany). England at first became a series of kingdoms,the strongest of which was Wessex (the name comes from WestSaxon).The names of many of the areas in England come from this period--for example,the name Sussex comes from SouthSaxon,Essex from EastSaxon,and East Anglia from EastAngle.The Vikings then came from Denmark,and later the Normans invaded from France. Eventually England,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland were united,forming the United Kingdom. The English language is the main language spoken throughout England,although there are many different accents.It can be difficult to know how to spell or to pronounce some English words,because the language has been influenced by Latin and Greek (languages used at the time of the Romans,and used in religion and education until recent times),German (the language of the Angles,Saxons and Jutes),French(the language of the Normans),Gaelic/Scots (Celtic languages) and Danish (the language of the Vikings). There are now many people throughout the United Kingdom who speak a foreign language either as their first or second language;mainly due to immigration from Europe or the Commonwealth (countries which used to be part of the British Empire). The author writes this passage to _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "How the children behave in the new environments.", "Where the children are from.", "What the kids' family background is like .", "How old the children are." ], "question": "In a nation with a one-child policy, it's understandable for parents to worry over whether they are petting their children. Are the children as truly weak as expected? The concern has been brought into a hit reality TV series -- Hunan TV's Dad! Where Are We Going? and Zhejiang TV's First Time In Life. In both, children as young as three have become new public figures . In the show First Time In Life,children chosen from ordinary families are given small tasks to finish by themselves;the ongoing Dad show centers on five fathers and their children who are forced to live a simple life in poor villages, far outside their comfortable city life. Though they have different family backgrounds, how they behave in the new environments has drawn the attention of the public. In Dad! Where Are We Going?, the five-year-old daughter of former Olympic diving champion Tian Liang cries and hides behind her father when they arrive at a rural village. In First Time In Life, a young girl in Tianjin cries after being asked by her father to go out alone to buy eggs and a pancake. In the eyes of some people, these kids always depend on others, and the reason is that their parents give them too much love. But television viewers and parents were encouraged when the crying Tianjin girl finally returned holding the pancake, and Tian's daughter finally began to take care of her younger friends and learned to ask for help from people she didn't know. The father of the Tianjin girl felt \" _ \" and said. \"She used to be well taken care of by her mother or grandmother. Now she has the courage to do it all by herself. \" The shows have led many parents to change how they raise their children. Shanghai mother Liang Jing said she would try to \"give some training\" to her shy son, asking him to tidy up his toys. Lin Yi, a parenting expert in Beijing, said giving kids a chance to do things for themselves helps to raise their sense of success, which carries benefits all through their lives. \" What draws the people's attention in the programs?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Go out to buy something alone.", "Live in a poor village with her father.", "Make friends with strange people.", "Hide in a safe place out of danger." ], "question": "In a nation with a one-child policy, it's understandable for parents to worry over whether they are petting their children. Are the children as truly weak as expected? The concern has been brought into a hit reality TV series -- Hunan TV's Dad! Where Are We Going? and Zhejiang TV's First Time In Life. In both, children as young as three have become new public figures . In the show First Time In Life,children chosen from ordinary families are given small tasks to finish by themselves;the ongoing Dad show centers on five fathers and their children who are forced to live a simple life in poor villages, far outside their comfortable city life. Though they have different family backgrounds, how they behave in the new environments has drawn the attention of the public. In Dad! Where Are We Going?, the five-year-old daughter of former Olympic diving champion Tian Liang cries and hides behind her father when they arrive at a rural village. In First Time In Life, a young girl in Tianjin cries after being asked by her father to go out alone to buy eggs and a pancake. In the eyes of some people, these kids always depend on others, and the reason is that their parents give them too much love. But television viewers and parents were encouraged when the crying Tianjin girl finally returned holding the pancake, and Tian's daughter finally began to take care of her younger friends and learned to ask for help from people she didn't know. The father of the Tianjin girl felt \" _ \" and said. \"She used to be well taken care of by her mother or grandmother. Now she has the courage to do it all by herself. \" The shows have led many parents to change how they raise their children. Shanghai mother Liang Jing said she would try to \"give some training\" to her shy son, asking him to tidy up his toys. Lin Yi, a parenting expert in Beijing, said giving kids a chance to do things for themselves helps to raise their sense of success, which carries benefits all through their lives. \" What is Tian Liang's daughter expected to do in the show?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "He had great achievements while he lived a simple life.", "He had high social statue while he wore shabby clothes.", "He was famous in the world while he was kind to students.", "He was poor while he dedicated much to his career." ], "question": "China's famous scientist, the Cloth Shoes Academician Li Xiaowen passed away on January 10th, 2015 in Beijing at the age of 67. Hundreds of thousands of citizens sang high praise for him online, showing their respect to the leading authority in remote sensing field. Following Li Xiaowen's last wish, his family held a simple funeral for him, while many admirers from all over the country came to the funeral for remembrance. Some national leaders including Premier Li Keqiang also sent a wreath. Li was a professor at Beijing Normal University and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research achievements have advanced the development of remote sensing science, and made China one of the leaders in this field. He also received several famous science prizes from China. He published 1,878 essays on his blog since 2007. All his students have thumbed up to Li for his contributions to the development of remote sensing. He was known to everyone in the remote sensing circle, but was impressive on citizens for a photo. In recent years, Professor Li's quiet and self-effacing behavior was recognized through social media. In 2014, a photograph of Academician Li was taken by his student, in which he was attentively making a lecture with shabby clothes, grizzled hair and straggling beard, without socks, and wearing black cloth shoes. He looked like an old villager, rather than a famous scientist. The photo became popular on the Internet and earned him the title of the \"Cloth Shoes Academician.\" His simple plain image, kindness to all his students and dedication to his career are three important features on him. All these are precious to educational and academic community. \"The society is changeable but Academician Li is quiet. He faced all stuff with his characters of quietness and simplicity. It is clear that he has become the 'Teacher Immortal'.\" said Ge Yuejing, a senior leader of Beijing Normal University. Why was Li Xiaowen popular with citizens?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Premier Li Keqiang came to Li Xiaowen's funeral.", "A good teacher needs to publish essays on the Internet.", "Social media made Professor Li Xiaowen world-famous.", "Professor Li's attitude to life and his career earned himself high praise and respect." ], "question": "China's famous scientist, the Cloth Shoes Academician Li Xiaowen passed away on January 10th, 2015 in Beijing at the age of 67. Hundreds of thousands of citizens sang high praise for him online, showing their respect to the leading authority in remote sensing field. Following Li Xiaowen's last wish, his family held a simple funeral for him, while many admirers from all over the country came to the funeral for remembrance. Some national leaders including Premier Li Keqiang also sent a wreath. Li was a professor at Beijing Normal University and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research achievements have advanced the development of remote sensing science, and made China one of the leaders in this field. He also received several famous science prizes from China. He published 1,878 essays on his blog since 2007. All his students have thumbed up to Li for his contributions to the development of remote sensing. He was known to everyone in the remote sensing circle, but was impressive on citizens for a photo. In recent years, Professor Li's quiet and self-effacing behavior was recognized through social media. In 2014, a photograph of Academician Li was taken by his student, in which he was attentively making a lecture with shabby clothes, grizzled hair and straggling beard, without socks, and wearing black cloth shoes. He looked like an old villager, rather than a famous scientist. The photo became popular on the Internet and earned him the title of the \"Cloth Shoes Academician.\" His simple plain image, kindness to all his students and dedication to his career are three important features on him. All these are precious to educational and academic community. \"The society is changeable but Academician Li is quiet. He faced all stuff with his characters of quietness and simplicity. It is clear that he has become the 'Teacher Immortal'.\" said Ge Yuejing, a senior leader of Beijing Normal University. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "the buildings are of ageold appearance", "the design of the doors suggests old times", "they have already known the Hospital's story", "what they see reminds them of their childhood" ], "question": "Behind the traffic noise and modernday confusion on Stoney Creek Road in Bexley lies a small but amazing piece of history.Just a century ago,Mr Harold Chapman Snr.founded Sydney's Famous Original Doll Hospital and,although the Hospital has relocated several times,you cannot help but get a sense of days gone by when you walk through the doors. In 1913 Sydney's first Doll Hospital was opened in Beamish Street.Campsie by Mr Harold Chapman Snr as part of his General Store,all beginning from a simple shipping accident.Harold's brother was in the business of importing dolls from Japan and during the shipping process the rubber bands holding the dolls together would go rotten and it was Harold who found a way to repair them.From such a small beginning grew quite a successful business as demand for doll repairs increased. The business was taken over in the 1930's by Harold's son,also Harold Chapman who relocated the Doll Hospital to Her Majesty's Arcade in Sydney where the business expanded.The real boom came in 1939 with World War II and the extreme restrictions on production and import.Suddenly new dolls were no longer an option so little children had to have their \"best friends\" lovingly repaired. In 1968 the Doll Hospital moved to its present location.It is now run by Mr Geoff Chapman,Harold Jnr's son.The Hospital is not only in its third generation of owners,but also its third generation of \"doctors\",the skills and knowledge being passed down through the family of repairers. Flipping through the \"Before and After\" photo album,you can see just how many wonderful repairs have been carried out and you can just imagine the stories behind them.It is estimated that the Doll Hospital has treated over 2.5 million \"patients\" so far--that's a lot of childhood memories revived! The Doll Hospital gives visitors a sense of days gone by possibly because _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "ran a General Store", "shipped dolls from abroad", "helped Harold repair dolls", "ended his old business" ], "question": "Behind the traffic noise and modernday confusion on Stoney Creek Road in Bexley lies a small but amazing piece of history.Just a century ago,Mr Harold Chapman Snr.founded Sydney's Famous Original Doll Hospital and,although the Hospital has relocated several times,you cannot help but get a sense of days gone by when you walk through the doors. In 1913 Sydney's first Doll Hospital was opened in Beamish Street.Campsie by Mr Harold Chapman Snr as part of his General Store,all beginning from a simple shipping accident.Harold's brother was in the business of importing dolls from Japan and during the shipping process the rubber bands holding the dolls together would go rotten and it was Harold who found a way to repair them.From such a small beginning grew quite a successful business as demand for doll repairs increased. The business was taken over in the 1930's by Harold's son,also Harold Chapman who relocated the Doll Hospital to Her Majesty's Arcade in Sydney where the business expanded.The real boom came in 1939 with World War II and the extreme restrictions on production and import.Suddenly new dolls were no longer an option so little children had to have their \"best friends\" lovingly repaired. In 1968 the Doll Hospital moved to its present location.It is now run by Mr Geoff Chapman,Harold Jnr's son.The Hospital is not only in its third generation of owners,but also its third generation of \"doctors\",the skills and knowledge being passed down through the family of repairers. Flipping through the \"Before and After\" photo album,you can see just how many wonderful repairs have been carried out and you can just imagine the stories behind them.It is estimated that the Doll Hospital has treated over 2.5 million \"patients\" so far--that's a lot of childhood memories revived! Early in 1910s Harold' brother _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "founder", "second owner", "third owner", "present owner" ], "question": "Behind the traffic noise and modernday confusion on Stoney Creek Road in Bexley lies a small but amazing piece of history.Just a century ago,Mr Harold Chapman Snr.founded Sydney's Famous Original Doll Hospital and,although the Hospital has relocated several times,you cannot help but get a sense of days gone by when you walk through the doors. In 1913 Sydney's first Doll Hospital was opened in Beamish Street.Campsie by Mr Harold Chapman Snr as part of his General Store,all beginning from a simple shipping accident.Harold's brother was in the business of importing dolls from Japan and during the shipping process the rubber bands holding the dolls together would go rotten and it was Harold who found a way to repair them.From such a small beginning grew quite a successful business as demand for doll repairs increased. The business was taken over in the 1930's by Harold's son,also Harold Chapman who relocated the Doll Hospital to Her Majesty's Arcade in Sydney where the business expanded.The real boom came in 1939 with World War II and the extreme restrictions on production and import.Suddenly new dolls were no longer an option so little children had to have their \"best friends\" lovingly repaired. In 1968 the Doll Hospital moved to its present location.It is now run by Mr Geoff Chapman,Harold Jnr's son.The Hospital is not only in its third generation of owners,but also its third generation of \"doctors\",the skills and knowledge being passed down through the family of repairers. Flipping through the \"Before and After\" photo album,you can see just how many wonderful repairs have been carried out and you can just imagine the stories behind them.It is estimated that the Doll Hospital has treated over 2.5 million \"patients\" so far--that's a lot of childhood memories revived! Harold Jnr refers to the _ of the Doll Hospital.", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "most people couldn't afford new dolls", "little children didn't like new dolls", "playing with dolls wasn't allowed", "new dolls were hardly available" ], "question": "Behind the traffic noise and modernday confusion on Stoney Creek Road in Bexley lies a small but amazing piece of history.Just a century ago,Mr Harold Chapman Snr.founded Sydney's Famous Original Doll Hospital and,although the Hospital has relocated several times,you cannot help but get a sense of days gone by when you walk through the doors. In 1913 Sydney's first Doll Hospital was opened in Beamish Street.Campsie by Mr Harold Chapman Snr as part of his General Store,all beginning from a simple shipping accident.Harold's brother was in the business of importing dolls from Japan and during the shipping process the rubber bands holding the dolls together would go rotten and it was Harold who found a way to repair them.From such a small beginning grew quite a successful business as demand for doll repairs increased. The business was taken over in the 1930's by Harold's son,also Harold Chapman who relocated the Doll Hospital to Her Majesty's Arcade in Sydney where the business expanded.The real boom came in 1939 with World War II and the extreme restrictions on production and import.Suddenly new dolls were no longer an option so little children had to have their \"best friends\" lovingly repaired. In 1968 the Doll Hospital moved to its present location.It is now run by Mr Geoff Chapman,Harold Jnr's son.The Hospital is not only in its third generation of owners,but also its third generation of \"doctors\",the skills and knowledge being passed down through the family of repairers. Flipping through the \"Before and After\" photo album,you can see just how many wonderful repairs have been carried out and you can just imagine the stories behind them.It is estimated that the Doll Hospital has treated over 2.5 million \"patients\" so far--that's a lot of childhood memories revived! Judging from the article, _ during World War II.", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "The three generations of the \"doctors\".", "The past and present of the Hospital.", "The dolls before and after their repairs.", "All the 2.5 million dolls repaired." ], "question": "Behind the traffic noise and modernday confusion on Stoney Creek Road in Bexley lies a small but amazing piece of history.Just a century ago,Mr Harold Chapman Snr.founded Sydney's Famous Original Doll Hospital and,although the Hospital has relocated several times,you cannot help but get a sense of days gone by when you walk through the doors. In 1913 Sydney's first Doll Hospital was opened in Beamish Street.Campsie by Mr Harold Chapman Snr as part of his General Store,all beginning from a simple shipping accident.Harold's brother was in the business of importing dolls from Japan and during the shipping process the rubber bands holding the dolls together would go rotten and it was Harold who found a way to repair them.From such a small beginning grew quite a successful business as demand for doll repairs increased. The business was taken over in the 1930's by Harold's son,also Harold Chapman who relocated the Doll Hospital to Her Majesty's Arcade in Sydney where the business expanded.The real boom came in 1939 with World War II and the extreme restrictions on production and import.Suddenly new dolls were no longer an option so little children had to have their \"best friends\" lovingly repaired. In 1968 the Doll Hospital moved to its present location.It is now run by Mr Geoff Chapman,Harold Jnr's son.The Hospital is not only in its third generation of owners,but also its third generation of \"doctors\",the skills and knowledge being passed down through the family of repairers. Flipping through the \"Before and After\" photo album,you can see just how many wonderful repairs have been carried out and you can just imagine the stories behind them.It is estimated that the Doll Hospital has treated over 2.5 million \"patients\" so far--that's a lot of childhood memories revived! What can you see in the \"Before and After\" photo album?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "132,000,000x0.1007", "2.460,000/0.186", "132,000,000x0.032", "2.460,000x0.186" ], "question": "Shanghai Faces Aging Problem The population of citizens aged above sixty in Shanghai City in east China has reached 2.46 million, accounting for nearly 18.6 percent of its total population, a local official said today. Shen Zhenxin, deputy director of Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau, says that the figure mainly shows a social problem brought by the increase in the numbers of elderly people, according to Tuesday's China Daily. Shanghai was the first city in the country to have an aging society-with 10.07 percent of the population of pensionable age in 1979. It is predicted(told in advance)that the rise in the city's elderly population will reach its top between 2025 to 2030, the newspaper reports. A recent survey(study)also shows that the population above the age of 60 in China has amounted to(reached)some 132 million so far, and the figure is increasing by 3.2 percent each year. \"Yet fewer children have been born these years, so the social security system should be improved as soon as possible,\" said Shen. Shanghai has chosen some communities as pilot neighborhoods to carry out a help-each-other program in an attempt to solve the problem. People can help take care of the elderly people, and they in turn will be looked after by others when they get old, according to China Daily. Which of the following is the correct way to calculate Shanghai's population?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "Elderly people help each other.", "The old and the young help each other.", "The young help the old.", "The old help the young." ], "question": "Shanghai Faces Aging Problem The population of citizens aged above sixty in Shanghai City in east China has reached 2.46 million, accounting for nearly 18.6 percent of its total population, a local official said today. Shen Zhenxin, deputy director of Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau, says that the figure mainly shows a social problem brought by the increase in the numbers of elderly people, according to Tuesday's China Daily. Shanghai was the first city in the country to have an aging society-with 10.07 percent of the population of pensionable age in 1979. It is predicted(told in advance)that the rise in the city's elderly population will reach its top between 2025 to 2030, the newspaper reports. A recent survey(study)also shows that the population above the age of 60 in China has amounted to(reached)some 132 million so far, and the figure is increasing by 3.2 percent each year. \"Yet fewer children have been born these years, so the social security system should be improved as soon as possible,\" said Shen. Shanghai has chosen some communities as pilot neighborhoods to carry out a help-each-other program in an attempt to solve the problem. People can help take care of the elderly people, and they in turn will be looked after by others when they get old, according to China Daily. What should the society do to carry out the help-each-other program?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "People enjoy longer lives.", "Fewer children are born each year.", "The population above 60 is larger than that.", "The society has to devote a lot more to old-age care." ], "question": "Shanghai Faces Aging Problem The population of citizens aged above sixty in Shanghai City in east China has reached 2.46 million, accounting for nearly 18.6 percent of its total population, a local official said today. Shen Zhenxin, deputy director of Shanghai Civil Affairs Bureau, says that the figure mainly shows a social problem brought by the increase in the numbers of elderly people, according to Tuesday's China Daily. Shanghai was the first city in the country to have an aging society-with 10.07 percent of the population of pensionable age in 1979. It is predicted(told in advance)that the rise in the city's elderly population will reach its top between 2025 to 2030, the newspaper reports. A recent survey(study)also shows that the population above the age of 60 in China has amounted to(reached)some 132 million so far, and the figure is increasing by 3.2 percent each year. \"Yet fewer children have been born these years, so the social security system should be improved as soon as possible,\" said Shen. Shanghai has chosen some communities as pilot neighborhoods to carry out a help-each-other program in an attempt to solve the problem. People can help take care of the elderly people, and they in turn will be looked after by others when they get old, according to China Daily. Which of the following will the aging problem result in?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "Success is boring though beneficial.", "She would learn more from failure.", "It's impossible to do everything successfully.", "He wanted her to be strong enough to face hardships." ], "question": "Last week, my granddaughter started kindergarten, and I wished her every success. But part of me didn't. I actually wanted her to fail in some ways because I believe that failure can be good for our learning process. Success is proving that you can do something that you already know you can do, or doing something correctly the first time, which can often be a problematic victory. First-time success is usually a fluke . First-time failure, by contrast, is expected to be the natural order of things. Failure is how we learn. In Africa they describe a good cook as \"She who has broken many pots.\" If you've spent enough time in the kitchen to have broken a lot of pots, probably you know a fair amount about cooking. I once had dinner with a group of cooks, and they spent time comparing knife wounds and burn scars. They knew how much credibility their failures gave them. I earn my living by writing a daily newspaper column. Each week I am aware that one column I write is going to be the worst column. I try my best every day. I have learned to cherish that column. A successful column usually means that I am discussing my familiar topic, writing in a style I am used to or saying the same things as anyone else but in a fancy way. My younger daughter is a trapeze artist. She spent three years putting together a show, and she did it successfully for years. There was no reason for her to change it but she did anyway. She said she was no longer learning anything new and she was bored. And if she was bored, there was no point in subjecting (......) her body to all that stress. She risked failure and great public embarrassment in order to feed her soul. My granddaughter is a perfectionist. She will feel her failures, and I will want to comfort her. But I will also, I hope, remind her of what she learned, and how she can do better next time. I hope I can tell her, though, that it's not the end of the world. Indeed, with luck, it is the beginning. Why did the author want his granddaughter to fail?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "Negative", "Worried", "Positive", "Ambiguous" ], "question": "Last week, my granddaughter started kindergarten, and I wished her every success. But part of me didn't. I actually wanted her to fail in some ways because I believe that failure can be good for our learning process. Success is proving that you can do something that you already know you can do, or doing something correctly the first time, which can often be a problematic victory. First-time success is usually a fluke . First-time failure, by contrast, is expected to be the natural order of things. Failure is how we learn. In Africa they describe a good cook as \"She who has broken many pots.\" If you've spent enough time in the kitchen to have broken a lot of pots, probably you know a fair amount about cooking. I once had dinner with a group of cooks, and they spent time comparing knife wounds and burn scars. They knew how much credibility their failures gave them. I earn my living by writing a daily newspaper column. Each week I am aware that one column I write is going to be the worst column. I try my best every day. I have learned to cherish that column. A successful column usually means that I am discussing my familiar topic, writing in a style I am used to or saying the same things as anyone else but in a fancy way. My younger daughter is a trapeze artist. She spent three years putting together a show, and she did it successfully for years. There was no reason for her to change it but she did anyway. She said she was no longer learning anything new and she was bored. And if she was bored, there was no point in subjecting (......) her body to all that stress. She risked failure and great public embarrassment in order to feed her soul. My granddaughter is a perfectionist. She will feel her failures, and I will want to comfort her. But I will also, I hope, remind her of what she learned, and how she can do better next time. I hope I can tell her, though, that it's not the end of the world. Indeed, with luck, it is the beginning. What's the author's attitude toward his daughter changing her show?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "giving examples", "following the time order", "comparing different opinions", "presenting a cause and analyzing its effects" ], "question": "Last week, my granddaughter started kindergarten, and I wished her every success. But part of me didn't. I actually wanted her to fail in some ways because I believe that failure can be good for our learning process. Success is proving that you can do something that you already know you can do, or doing something correctly the first time, which can often be a problematic victory. First-time success is usually a fluke . First-time failure, by contrast, is expected to be the natural order of things. Failure is how we learn. In Africa they describe a good cook as \"She who has broken many pots.\" If you've spent enough time in the kitchen to have broken a lot of pots, probably you know a fair amount about cooking. I once had dinner with a group of cooks, and they spent time comparing knife wounds and burn scars. They knew how much credibility their failures gave them. I earn my living by writing a daily newspaper column. Each week I am aware that one column I write is going to be the worst column. I try my best every day. I have learned to cherish that column. A successful column usually means that I am discussing my familiar topic, writing in a style I am used to or saying the same things as anyone else but in a fancy way. My younger daughter is a trapeze artist. She spent three years putting together a show, and she did it successfully for years. There was no reason for her to change it but she did anyway. She said she was no longer learning anything new and she was bored. And if she was bored, there was no point in subjecting (......) her body to all that stress. She risked failure and great public embarrassment in order to feed her soul. My granddaughter is a perfectionist. She will feel her failures, and I will want to comfort her. But I will also, I hope, remind her of what she learned, and how she can do better next time. I hope I can tell her, though, that it's not the end of the world. Indeed, with luck, it is the beginning. The author develops the article mainly by _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "we cannot depend on luck to live a good life", "we should try every possible way to avoid failure", "past failures made him dare not take risks in writing", "the thought of failure will make you work even harder" ], "question": "Last week, my granddaughter started kindergarten, and I wished her every success. But part of me didn't. I actually wanted her to fail in some ways because I believe that failure can be good for our learning process. Success is proving that you can do something that you already know you can do, or doing something correctly the first time, which can often be a problematic victory. First-time success is usually a fluke . First-time failure, by contrast, is expected to be the natural order of things. Failure is how we learn. In Africa they describe a good cook as \"She who has broken many pots.\" If you've spent enough time in the kitchen to have broken a lot of pots, probably you know a fair amount about cooking. I once had dinner with a group of cooks, and they spent time comparing knife wounds and burn scars. They knew how much credibility their failures gave them. I earn my living by writing a daily newspaper column. Each week I am aware that one column I write is going to be the worst column. I try my best every day. I have learned to cherish that column. A successful column usually means that I am discussing my familiar topic, writing in a style I am used to or saying the same things as anyone else but in a fancy way. My younger daughter is a trapeze artist. She spent three years putting together a show, and she did it successfully for years. There was no reason for her to change it but she did anyway. She said she was no longer learning anything new and she was bored. And if she was bored, there was no point in subjecting (......) her body to all that stress. She risked failure and great public embarrassment in order to feed her soul. My granddaughter is a perfectionist. She will feel her failures, and I will want to comfort her. But I will also, I hope, remind her of what she learned, and how she can do better next time. I hope I can tell her, though, that it's not the end of the world. Indeed, with luck, it is the beginning. The writer talked about his own experience to show that _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "Facebook suffered immediate failure when it first appeared", "Microsoft and AOL failed to take on Zuckerberg as a member", "people agree on the origins of Zuckerberg's business and his wealth", "Zuckerberg began making computer programs after entering Harvard" ], "question": "Mnrk Zuckerberg, born on May 14. 1984, is an American computer programmer and businessman. As a Harvard student. He created the online social website Facebook, a site popular among students worldwide, with fellow computer science major students and his roommates Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. He serves as Facebook's CEO. He has been the subject of argument for the origins of his business and his wealth. Time Magazine added Zuckerherg as one of The World's Most Influential people 2008. Zuckerberg grew up in prefix = st1 /Dobbs Ferry,New York. Early on. Zuckerlrg enjoyed making computer programs, especially communication tools and games. He started programming when he was in middle school. While attending Phillips Exeter Academy in high school, he built a program to help the workers in his dad's office communicate and a version of the game Risk. He also built a music player named Synapse that can learn the user's listening habits. Microsoft and AOL tried to purchase Synapse and employ Zuckerberg, but instead he decided to attend HarvardUniversity. Zuckerberg started Facebook from his Harvard dorm room on February 4, 2004. it quickly became a success at Harvard and more than two-thirds of the school's studetts signed up in the first two weeks. It started off as just a \"Havard-Thing,\" until Zuckerberg then decided to spread Facebook to other schools and enlisted the help of roommate Dustin Moskovitz. They first spread it to Stanford, Dartmouth, Columbia, Cornell and Yale, and then to other schools with social contacts with Harvard. By the beginning of the summer, Zuckerberg and Moskovitz had made Facebook available at almost forty-five schools and hundreds of thousands of people were using it. We can learn from the passage that_.", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "24", "22", "20", "18" ], "question": "Mnrk Zuckerberg, born on May 14. 1984, is an American computer programmer and businessman. As a Harvard student. He created the online social website Facebook, a site popular among students worldwide, with fellow computer science major students and his roommates Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. He serves as Facebook's CEO. He has been the subject of argument for the origins of his business and his wealth. Time Magazine added Zuckerherg as one of The World's Most Influential people 2008. Zuckerberg grew up in prefix = st1 /Dobbs Ferry,New York. Early on. Zuckerlrg enjoyed making computer programs, especially communication tools and games. He started programming when he was in middle school. While attending Phillips Exeter Academy in high school, he built a program to help the workers in his dad's office communicate and a version of the game Risk. He also built a music player named Synapse that can learn the user's listening habits. Microsoft and AOL tried to purchase Synapse and employ Zuckerberg, but instead he decided to attend HarvardUniversity. Zuckerberg started Facebook from his Harvard dorm room on February 4, 2004. it quickly became a success at Harvard and more than two-thirds of the school's studetts signed up in the first two weeks. It started off as just a \"Havard-Thing,\" until Zuckerberg then decided to spread Facebook to other schools and enlisted the help of roommate Dustin Moskovitz. They first spread it to Stanford, Dartmouth, Columbia, Cornell and Yale, and then to other schools with social contacts with Harvard. By the beginning of the summer, Zuckerberg and Moskovitz had made Facebook available at almost forty-five schools and hundreds of thousands of people were using it. Zuckerberg started Facebook when he was _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "abdc", "bacd", "cbda d.dbac", "He started making computer programs, communication tools and games." ], "question": "Mnrk Zuckerberg, born on May 14. 1984, is an American computer programmer and businessman. As a Harvard student. He created the online social website Facebook, a site popular among students worldwide, with fellow computer science major students and his roommates Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. He serves as Facebook's CEO. He has been the subject of argument for the origins of his business and his wealth. Time Magazine added Zuckerherg as one of The World's Most Influential people 2008. Zuckerberg grew up in prefix = st1 /Dobbs Ferry,New York. Early on. Zuckerlrg enjoyed making computer programs, especially communication tools and games. He started programming when he was in middle school. While attending Phillips Exeter Academy in high school, he built a program to help the workers in his dad's office communicate and a version of the game Risk. He also built a music player named Synapse that can learn the user's listening habits. Microsoft and AOL tried to purchase Synapse and employ Zuckerberg, but instead he decided to attend HarvardUniversity. Zuckerberg started Facebook from his Harvard dorm room on February 4, 2004. it quickly became a success at Harvard and more than two-thirds of the school's studetts signed up in the first two weeks. It started off as just a \"Havard-Thing,\" until Zuckerberg then decided to spread Facebook to other schools and enlisted the help of roommate Dustin Moskovitz. They first spread it to Stanford, Dartmouth, Columbia, Cornell and Yale, and then to other schools with social contacts with Harvard. By the beginning of the summer, Zuckerberg and Moskovitz had made Facebook available at almost forty-five schools and hundreds of thousands of people were using it. Which of the following is the right order of the events related to Zuckerberg?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "Modest.", "Creative.", "Outgoing.", "Sensitive." ], "question": "Mnrk Zuckerberg, born on May 14. 1984, is an American computer programmer and businessman. As a Harvard student. He created the online social website Facebook, a site popular among students worldwide, with fellow computer science major students and his roommates Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes. He serves as Facebook's CEO. He has been the subject of argument for the origins of his business and his wealth. Time Magazine added Zuckerherg as one of The World's Most Influential people 2008. Zuckerberg grew up in prefix = st1 /Dobbs Ferry,New York. Early on. Zuckerlrg enjoyed making computer programs, especially communication tools and games. He started programming when he was in middle school. While attending Phillips Exeter Academy in high school, he built a program to help the workers in his dad's office communicate and a version of the game Risk. He also built a music player named Synapse that can learn the user's listening habits. Microsoft and AOL tried to purchase Synapse and employ Zuckerberg, but instead he decided to attend HarvardUniversity. Zuckerberg started Facebook from his Harvard dorm room on February 4, 2004. it quickly became a success at Harvard and more than two-thirds of the school's studetts signed up in the first two weeks. It started off as just a \"Havard-Thing,\" until Zuckerberg then decided to spread Facebook to other schools and enlisted the help of roommate Dustin Moskovitz. They first spread it to Stanford, Dartmouth, Columbia, Cornell and Yale, and then to other schools with social contacts with Harvard. By the beginning of the summer, Zuckerberg and Moskovitz had made Facebook available at almost forty-five schools and hundreds of thousands of people were using it. Which word can best describe Zuckerberg?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "They fell down from space.", "They floated to the America's shores.", "They were brought in from foreign countries", "They has lived here since human settlers arrived" ], "question": "Green invaders are taking over America. Not invaders from space, but plants! You might not think of plants as dangerous, but in this case they are threatening nature's delicate food chain. The invaders are plants brought here from other countries to make gardens and yards look pretty. Ever since people started to arrive on America's shores, they have carried along trees, flowers, and vegetables from other places. Now there are so many of those plants, they are crowding out the native plants that have lived here since before human settlers arrived. And that's a problem, says Dr. Doug Tallamy. He's insect expert at the University of Delaware. He explains that almost all the plant-eating insects in the United States are specialized, which means they eat only certain plants. Monarch butterfly caterpillars ,for example, dine on milkweed. If people cut down milkweed and replace it with another plant, the butterflies will not have the food source that they need to survive. But the trouble doesn't stop there. When insects can't get the right plants to eat and they die off, then the birds don't have enough bugs for their meals. Tallamy points out that almost all migrating birds depend on insets to feed their young. \"We cannot let the plants and animals around us disappear.\" says Tallamy, \"The way to preserve them is to give them food to eat. But when we plant non-native plants, we are _ the food chain, because then we don't have the insects the birds need to live.\" Fewer of the right plants mean fewer bugs, and fewer bugs mean fewer birds. And that's bad for the Earth, because we need a variety of living things to keep the planet healthy and beautiful. The good news is, garden centers sell native plants. \"Just Google 'native plants' and your location, and you can find out which plants really belong where you live,\" says Tallamy How did green invades arrive at America?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "Almost all the plant-eating insects in a place eat certain plants.", "Monarch butterfly caterpillars can't survive without milkweed.", "If insects can't eat the right plants, they will find another one.", "The insects' death will greatly affect the migrating birds' survival" ], "question": "Green invaders are taking over America. Not invaders from space, but plants! You might not think of plants as dangerous, but in this case they are threatening nature's delicate food chain. The invaders are plants brought here from other countries to make gardens and yards look pretty. Ever since people started to arrive on America's shores, they have carried along trees, flowers, and vegetables from other places. Now there are so many of those plants, they are crowding out the native plants that have lived here since before human settlers arrived. And that's a problem, says Dr. Doug Tallamy. He's insect expert at the University of Delaware. He explains that almost all the plant-eating insects in the United States are specialized, which means they eat only certain plants. Monarch butterfly caterpillars ,for example, dine on milkweed. If people cut down milkweed and replace it with another plant, the butterflies will not have the food source that they need to survive. But the trouble doesn't stop there. When insects can't get the right plants to eat and they die off, then the birds don't have enough bugs for their meals. Tallamy points out that almost all migrating birds depend on insets to feed their young. \"We cannot let the plants and animals around us disappear.\" says Tallamy, \"The way to preserve them is to give them food to eat. But when we plant non-native plants, we are _ the food chain, because then we don't have the insects the birds need to live.\" Fewer of the right plants mean fewer bugs, and fewer bugs mean fewer birds. And that's bad for the Earth, because we need a variety of living things to keep the planet healthy and beautiful. The good news is, garden centers sell native plants. \"Just Google 'native plants' and your location, and you can find out which plants really belong where you live,\" says Tallamy According to Dr.Tallamy, which of the followings about the insects in the US is NOT true?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Googling on the Internet", "asking Dr. Doug Tallamy", "looking up in books", "searching in garden" ], "question": "Green invaders are taking over America. Not invaders from space, but plants! You might not think of plants as dangerous, but in this case they are threatening nature's delicate food chain. The invaders are plants brought here from other countries to make gardens and yards look pretty. Ever since people started to arrive on America's shores, they have carried along trees, flowers, and vegetables from other places. Now there are so many of those plants, they are crowding out the native plants that have lived here since before human settlers arrived. And that's a problem, says Dr. Doug Tallamy. He's insect expert at the University of Delaware. He explains that almost all the plant-eating insects in the United States are specialized, which means they eat only certain plants. Monarch butterfly caterpillars ,for example, dine on milkweed. If people cut down milkweed and replace it with another plant, the butterflies will not have the food source that they need to survive. But the trouble doesn't stop there. When insects can't get the right plants to eat and they die off, then the birds don't have enough bugs for their meals. Tallamy points out that almost all migrating birds depend on insets to feed their young. \"We cannot let the plants and animals around us disappear.\" says Tallamy, \"The way to preserve them is to give them food to eat. But when we plant non-native plants, we are _ the food chain, because then we don't have the insects the birds need to live.\" Fewer of the right plants mean fewer bugs, and fewer bugs mean fewer birds. And that's bad for the Earth, because we need a variety of living things to keep the planet healthy and beautiful. The good news is, garden centers sell native plants. \"Just Google 'native plants' and your location, and you can find out which plants really belong where you live,\" says Tallamy We can know whether a plant is native by _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Green invaders----local living things", "Green invaders----dangerous food chain", "Green invaders----environmental protectors", "Green invades----threat to local nature" ], "question": "Green invaders are taking over America. Not invaders from space, but plants! You might not think of plants as dangerous, but in this case they are threatening nature's delicate food chain. The invaders are plants brought here from other countries to make gardens and yards look pretty. Ever since people started to arrive on America's shores, they have carried along trees, flowers, and vegetables from other places. Now there are so many of those plants, they are crowding out the native plants that have lived here since before human settlers arrived. And that's a problem, says Dr. Doug Tallamy. He's insect expert at the University of Delaware. He explains that almost all the plant-eating insects in the United States are specialized, which means they eat only certain plants. Monarch butterfly caterpillars ,for example, dine on milkweed. If people cut down milkweed and replace it with another plant, the butterflies will not have the food source that they need to survive. But the trouble doesn't stop there. When insects can't get the right plants to eat and they die off, then the birds don't have enough bugs for their meals. Tallamy points out that almost all migrating birds depend on insets to feed their young. \"We cannot let the plants and animals around us disappear.\" says Tallamy, \"The way to preserve them is to give them food to eat. But when we plant non-native plants, we are _ the food chain, because then we don't have the insects the birds need to live.\" Fewer of the right plants mean fewer bugs, and fewer bugs mean fewer birds. And that's bad for the Earth, because we need a variety of living things to keep the planet healthy and beautiful. The good news is, garden centers sell native plants. \"Just Google 'native plants' and your location, and you can find out which plants really belong where you live,\" says Tallamy What is the best title of the pass age?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "believed it was easy to do it", "felt it difficult to answer", "considered her a creative girl", "decided to make up a lie at once" ], "question": "Each time I see a balloon , my mind flies back to a memory when I was a six-year-old girl . It was a rainy Sunday and my father had recently died . I asked my mum if my dad had gone to heaven . \" Yes , honey . Of course , \" she said . \" Can we write him a letter ? \" She paused , the longest pause of my short life , and answered , \" Yes . \" My heart jumped . \" Can the mailman go there ? \" I asked . \" No , but I have an idea . \" Mum drove to a party store and returned with a red balloon . I asked her what it was for . \" Just wait , honey . You'll see . \" Mum told me to write my letter . Eagerly , I got my favorite pen , and poured out my six-year-old heart in the form of blue ink . I wrote about my day , what I learned at school , how Mum was doing , and even about what happened in a story I had read . For a few minutes it was as if Dad were still alive . I gave the letter to Mum . She read it over , and a smile crossed her face . She made a hole in the corner of the letter to tie it to the balloon . We went outside and she gave me the balloon . It was still raining . \" Okay , on the count of three , let it go . One , two , three . \" The balloon , carrying my letter , flew upwards against the rain . We watched until it was swallowed by the mass of clouds . Later I realized , like the balloon , that Dad had never let his sickness get him down . He was strong . No matter what he suffered , he'd keep on , fly up , and finally go beyond this cold world and his sick body . He rose into sky and became something beautiful . I watched until the balloon disappeared into the grey and white and I prayed that his strength was passed on . I prayed to be a balloon . When the girl asked her mother if they could write to her father , her mother _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "became excited", "jumped with joy", "started writing immediately", "didn't believe her mother" ], "question": "Each time I see a balloon , my mind flies back to a memory when I was a six-year-old girl . It was a rainy Sunday and my father had recently died . I asked my mum if my dad had gone to heaven . \" Yes , honey . Of course , \" she said . \" Can we write him a letter ? \" She paused , the longest pause of my short life , and answered , \" Yes . \" My heart jumped . \" Can the mailman go there ? \" I asked . \" No , but I have an idea . \" Mum drove to a party store and returned with a red balloon . I asked her what it was for . \" Just wait , honey . You'll see . \" Mum told me to write my letter . Eagerly , I got my favorite pen , and poured out my six-year-old heart in the form of blue ink . I wrote about my day , what I learned at school , how Mum was doing , and even about what happened in a story I had read . For a few minutes it was as if Dad were still alive . I gave the letter to Mum . She read it over , and a smile crossed her face . She made a hole in the corner of the letter to tie it to the balloon . We went outside and she gave me the balloon . It was still raining . \" Okay , on the count of three , let it go . One , two , three . \" The balloon , carrying my letter , flew upwards against the rain . We watched until it was swallowed by the mass of clouds . Later I realized , like the balloon , that Dad had never let his sickness get him down . He was strong . No matter what he suffered , he'd keep on , fly up , and finally go beyond this cold world and his sick body . He rose into sky and became something beautiful . I watched until the balloon disappeared into the grey and white and I prayed that his strength was passed on . I prayed to be a balloon . When the girl was told that she could send a letter to her father , she _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "An incurable disease .", "Her unforgettable memory .", "The pain her mother suffered .", "The hard time her father had ." ], "question": "Each time I see a balloon , my mind flies back to a memory when I was a six-year-old girl . It was a rainy Sunday and my father had recently died . I asked my mum if my dad had gone to heaven . \" Yes , honey . Of course , \" she said . \" Can we write him a letter ? \" She paused , the longest pause of my short life , and answered , \" Yes . \" My heart jumped . \" Can the mailman go there ? \" I asked . \" No , but I have an idea . \" Mum drove to a party store and returned with a red balloon . I asked her what it was for . \" Just wait , honey . You'll see . \" Mum told me to write my letter . Eagerly , I got my favorite pen , and poured out my six-year-old heart in the form of blue ink . I wrote about my day , what I learned at school , how Mum was doing , and even about what happened in a story I had read . For a few minutes it was as if Dad were still alive . I gave the letter to Mum . She read it over , and a smile crossed her face . She made a hole in the corner of the letter to tie it to the balloon . We went outside and she gave me the balloon . It was still raining . \" Okay , on the count of three , let it go . One , two , three . \" The balloon , carrying my letter , flew upwards against the rain . We watched until it was swallowed by the mass of clouds . Later I realized , like the balloon , that Dad had never let his sickness get him down . He was strong . No matter what he suffered , he'd keep on , fly up , and finally go beyond this cold world and his sick body . He rose into sky and became something beautiful . I watched until the balloon disappeared into the grey and white and I prayed that his strength was passed on . I prayed to be a balloon . In the eyes of the author , what was the rain like ?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "An Unforgettable Experience", "Fly to Heaven", "The Strong Red Balloon", "A Great Father" ], "question": "Each time I see a balloon , my mind flies back to a memory when I was a six-year-old girl . It was a rainy Sunday and my father had recently died . I asked my mum if my dad had gone to heaven . \" Yes , honey . Of course , \" she said . \" Can we write him a letter ? \" She paused , the longest pause of my short life , and answered , \" Yes . \" My heart jumped . \" Can the mailman go there ? \" I asked . \" No , but I have an idea . \" Mum drove to a party store and returned with a red balloon . I asked her what it was for . \" Just wait , honey . You'll see . \" Mum told me to write my letter . Eagerly , I got my favorite pen , and poured out my six-year-old heart in the form of blue ink . I wrote about my day , what I learned at school , how Mum was doing , and even about what happened in a story I had read . For a few minutes it was as if Dad were still alive . I gave the letter to Mum . She read it over , and a smile crossed her face . She made a hole in the corner of the letter to tie it to the balloon . We went outside and she gave me the balloon . It was still raining . \" Okay , on the count of three , let it go . One , two , three . \" The balloon , carrying my letter , flew upwards against the rain . We watched until it was swallowed by the mass of clouds . Later I realized , like the balloon , that Dad had never let his sickness get him down . He was strong . No matter what he suffered , he'd keep on , fly up , and finally go beyond this cold world and his sick body . He rose into sky and became something beautiful . I watched until the balloon disappeared into the grey and white and I prayed that his strength was passed on . I prayed to be a balloon . What would be the best title for the passage ?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "A worker working in a university.", "A teacher teaching in a college.", "A clerk working in a museum.", "A university student who had not yet taken a degree." ], "question": "About ten years ago when I was an undergraduate in college in New York, I was working as a practice student at my University's Museum of Natural History. One day while I was working at the cash register in the gift shop, I saw an elderly couple come in with a little girl in wheelchair. As I looked closer at this girl, I saw that she was seated on her chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and the trunk of the human body. She was wearing a little white dress with the patterns of red roses and yellow dots. As the couple wheeled her up to me I was looking down at the register. I turned my head toward the girl and gave her a wink . As I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the most beautiful, largest smile I have ever seen All of a sudden her _ was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. I immediately felt full of hope and confidence. She took me, a poor, unhappy college student, into her world, a world of smiles, love and warmth. That was ten years ago, but I still remember it clearly as if it happened just yesterday. I'm a successful business person now and whenever I get down and think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught me. What was the writer a decade ago?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "She felt full of hope.", "She was filled with confidence.", "She felt unhappy because of poverty.", "She felt life was beautiful." ], "question": "About ten years ago when I was an undergraduate in college in New York, I was working as a practice student at my University's Museum of Natural History. One day while I was working at the cash register in the gift shop, I saw an elderly couple come in with a little girl in wheelchair. As I looked closer at this girl, I saw that she was seated on her chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and the trunk of the human body. She was wearing a little white dress with the patterns of red roses and yellow dots. As the couple wheeled her up to me I was looking down at the register. I turned my head toward the girl and gave her a wink . As I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the most beautiful, largest smile I have ever seen All of a sudden her _ was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. I immediately felt full of hope and confidence. She took me, a poor, unhappy college student, into her world, a world of smiles, love and warmth. That was ten years ago, but I still remember it clearly as if it happened just yesterday. I'm a successful business person now and whenever I get down and think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught me. How did the writer probably feel before meeting the disabled girl?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "A Disabled Girl.", "A Disabled Girl's Smile.", "Full of Hope.", "Full of Confidence." ], "question": "About ten years ago when I was an undergraduate in college in New York, I was working as a practice student at my University's Museum of Natural History. One day while I was working at the cash register in the gift shop, I saw an elderly couple come in with a little girl in wheelchair. As I looked closer at this girl, I saw that she was seated on her chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and the trunk of the human body. She was wearing a little white dress with the patterns of red roses and yellow dots. As the couple wheeled her up to me I was looking down at the register. I turned my head toward the girl and gave her a wink . As I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the most beautiful, largest smile I have ever seen All of a sudden her _ was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. I immediately felt full of hope and confidence. She took me, a poor, unhappy college student, into her world, a world of smiles, love and warmth. That was ten years ago, but I still remember it clearly as if it happened just yesterday. I'm a successful business person now and whenever I get down and think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught me. Which of the following title suits this passage best?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Why do some species become smaller?", "How does climate change in Earth's history?", "Climate change has many negative effects", "Species become smaller as climate warms" ], "question": "\"Plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to have _ the benefits of increased carbon dioxide,\" said researchers from the National University of Singapore. 45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers point out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures. \"We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected,\" the researchers said. \"Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we can't yet quantify.\" The change was big in cold-blooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles smaller. An increase of only 1degC caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism . Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth. There is a recent report on warmer temperatures' negative effects on plankton ,the base of the marine ecosystem. Warm-blooded animals weren't immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller; Mammals have been miniaturized too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records. This isn't the first time this has happened in Earth's history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change. The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times. So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "how climate change affects animals' sizes has not been found clearly", "all the animals on the Earth have become smaller", "too many studies on animals' sizes have been done", "climate change has more negative effects on warm-blooded animals" ], "question": "\"Plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to have _ the benefits of increased carbon dioxide,\" said researchers from the National University of Singapore. 45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers point out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures. \"We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected,\" the researchers said. \"Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we can't yet quantify.\" The change was big in cold-blooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles smaller. An increase of only 1degC caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism . Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth. There is a recent report on warmer temperatures' negative effects on plankton ,the base of the marine ecosystem. Warm-blooded animals weren't immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller; Mammals have been miniaturized too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records. This isn't the first time this has happened in Earth's history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change. The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times. So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future. Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "Climate change has even affected plankton negatively.", "Birds have suffered more from climate change than fish.", "Cold-blooded animals become smaller because of the lack of food.", "The warming event has never happened in Earth's history before." ], "question": "\"Plants were expected to get larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to have _ the benefits of increased carbon dioxide,\" said researchers from the National University of Singapore. 45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers point out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures. \"We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected,\" the researchers said. \"Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we can't yet quantify.\" The change was big in cold-blooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles smaller. An increase of only 1degC caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism . Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth. There is a recent report on warmer temperatures' negative effects on plankton ,the base of the marine ecosystem. Warm-blooded animals weren't immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller; Mammals have been miniaturized too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records. This isn't the first time this has happened in Earth's history. 55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change. The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times. So, it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future. What can we learn from the passage?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "keep it alive", "get some food and money", "please the soldiers", "ask them to take care of it" ], "question": "The story of Voytek the bear in the Iranian mountains, where his mother was killed by hunters when he was only eight weeks old, is very interesting. A young Iranian boy saved the young cub, putting him into his backpack. When a group of Polish soldiers drove up, the boy gave them the cub in exchange for some beef, a chocolate bar, and a few coins. The cub was near death, and the soldiers didn't think he would survive the night but they slowly nursed him back to health, feeding him out of a bottle filled with milk. During the months that followed, the cub grew larger and stronger. He learned to march in formation with the soldiers. One of his favorite hobbies was wrestling with his Polish friends --- occasionally, he even let them win. \"He was just like a dog --- nobody was scared of him,\" a soldier, Augustyn Karolewski, told The Scotsman. Though Voytek loved to play, the Polish troops soon realized they could put him to work, too. Who could be better at loading heavy ammunition into their trucks than a bear? During the Battle of Monte Cassino, Voytek helped out his fellow men by loading shells into truck beds for hours and hours without stopping, paving the way for a victory. After the war ended, Voytek lived the rest of his life at the Edinburgh Zoo, where he was very famous. He died in 1963, and ever since, his remarkable story has gradually been forgotten. But that may be about to change --- a Scottish woman, Alieen Orr, is campaigning for a monument to this military hero. Orr first heard the legend of Voytek from her grandfather. \"I thought he had made it up, to be quite honest,\" she told The Scotsman. \"The story is totally amazing and it would be good if we could have a memorial in Scotland to celebrate the bear's life.\" The boy gave the cub to the soldiers to _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "She thought it was moving.", "She thought it was funny.", "She thought it was unbelievable.", "She thought it was meaningful." ], "question": "The story of Voytek the bear in the Iranian mountains, where his mother was killed by hunters when he was only eight weeks old, is very interesting. A young Iranian boy saved the young cub, putting him into his backpack. When a group of Polish soldiers drove up, the boy gave them the cub in exchange for some beef, a chocolate bar, and a few coins. The cub was near death, and the soldiers didn't think he would survive the night but they slowly nursed him back to health, feeding him out of a bottle filled with milk. During the months that followed, the cub grew larger and stronger. He learned to march in formation with the soldiers. One of his favorite hobbies was wrestling with his Polish friends --- occasionally, he even let them win. \"He was just like a dog --- nobody was scared of him,\" a soldier, Augustyn Karolewski, told The Scotsman. Though Voytek loved to play, the Polish troops soon realized they could put him to work, too. Who could be better at loading heavy ammunition into their trucks than a bear? During the Battle of Monte Cassino, Voytek helped out his fellow men by loading shells into truck beds for hours and hours without stopping, paving the way for a victory. After the war ended, Voytek lived the rest of his life at the Edinburgh Zoo, where he was very famous. He died in 1963, and ever since, his remarkable story has gradually been forgotten. But that may be about to change --- a Scottish woman, Alieen Orr, is campaigning for a monument to this military hero. Orr first heard the legend of Voytek from her grandfather. \"I thought he had made it up, to be quite honest,\" she told The Scotsman. \"The story is totally amazing and it would be good if we could have a memorial in Scotland to celebrate the bear's life.\" How did Orr think of the story of Voytek when she first heard it?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "The interesting story of a bear.", "The rescue of a small bear.", "The Battle of Monte Cassino.", "A monument to a hero." ], "question": "The story of Voytek the bear in the Iranian mountains, where his mother was killed by hunters when he was only eight weeks old, is very interesting. A young Iranian boy saved the young cub, putting him into his backpack. When a group of Polish soldiers drove up, the boy gave them the cub in exchange for some beef, a chocolate bar, and a few coins. The cub was near death, and the soldiers didn't think he would survive the night but they slowly nursed him back to health, feeding him out of a bottle filled with milk. During the months that followed, the cub grew larger and stronger. He learned to march in formation with the soldiers. One of his favorite hobbies was wrestling with his Polish friends --- occasionally, he even let them win. \"He was just like a dog --- nobody was scared of him,\" a soldier, Augustyn Karolewski, told The Scotsman. Though Voytek loved to play, the Polish troops soon realized they could put him to work, too. Who could be better at loading heavy ammunition into their trucks than a bear? During the Battle of Monte Cassino, Voytek helped out his fellow men by loading shells into truck beds for hours and hours without stopping, paving the way for a victory. After the war ended, Voytek lived the rest of his life at the Edinburgh Zoo, where he was very famous. He died in 1963, and ever since, his remarkable story has gradually been forgotten. But that may be about to change --- a Scottish woman, Alieen Orr, is campaigning for a monument to this military hero. Orr first heard the legend of Voytek from her grandfather. \"I thought he had made it up, to be quite honest,\" she told The Scotsman. \"The story is totally amazing and it would be good if we could have a memorial in Scotland to celebrate the bear's life.\" What is the passage mainly about?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "She got scared.", "She saw a mouse.", "A thief broke into the house.", "The doors were unlocked." ], "question": "Rhubarb loved everyone and every dog. Whenever someone came to the house, she was always happy. We had an older Samoyed named Willie, and it was important that Rhubarb got along well with him. She wanted to play, but was very respectful of Willie and left him alone when he was tired and needed to rest. Willie was not well and died about a year later, but I believe Rhubarb's interaction helped him keep going for longer than ifhe had been alone. But the interesting thing about Rhubarb was that she never barked. She would sometimes get excited when she saw a mouse and make a little crying sound. One hot night when she was about 4 years old, we went to bed with the windows open and the doors unlocked. At about 3 a.m., I woke up to the sound of Rhubarb barking and growling. I woke Donald and we got out of bed. Rhubarb was coming toward us with her hackles up. We turned on the lights and noticed the door to the kitchen was open. Then we saw the door leading into the house from the garage was also open. We quickly locked all the doors, and we did not get any sleep that night. The next day I called the police to report a break-in. I told them nothing had been taken, but they sent a police officer over to talk with us anyway. While he was here, we found out several local homes had been burglarized over the weekend. Most people had their wallets and purses stolen. My purse was right next to the door, but Rhubarb had scared the robber away before he or she could steal it. When the police officer left, he said we should keep our doors locked and reward Rhubarb with a big steak dinner. Rhubarb lived to be almost 12, but that night was the only time she barked in her entire life. Fortunately, she never saw the need to warn us of any other danger. We loved her like a member of the family and still miss our sweet dog. Why did Rhubarb bark on a hot night?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Smart but fierce.", "Brave and flexible.", "Gentle but clumsy.", "Friendly and alert." ], "question": "Rhubarb loved everyone and every dog. Whenever someone came to the house, she was always happy. We had an older Samoyed named Willie, and it was important that Rhubarb got along well with him. She wanted to play, but was very respectful of Willie and left him alone when he was tired and needed to rest. Willie was not well and died about a year later, but I believe Rhubarb's interaction helped him keep going for longer than ifhe had been alone. But the interesting thing about Rhubarb was that she never barked. She would sometimes get excited when she saw a mouse and make a little crying sound. One hot night when she was about 4 years old, we went to bed with the windows open and the doors unlocked. At about 3 a.m., I woke up to the sound of Rhubarb barking and growling. I woke Donald and we got out of bed. Rhubarb was coming toward us with her hackles up. We turned on the lights and noticed the door to the kitchen was open. Then we saw the door leading into the house from the garage was also open. We quickly locked all the doors, and we did not get any sleep that night. The next day I called the police to report a break-in. I told them nothing had been taken, but they sent a police officer over to talk with us anyway. While he was here, we found out several local homes had been burglarized over the weekend. Most people had their wallets and purses stolen. My purse was right next to the door, but Rhubarb had scared the robber away before he or she could steal it. When the police officer left, he said we should keep our doors locked and reward Rhubarb with a big steak dinner. Rhubarb lived to be almost 12, but that night was the only time she barked in her entire life. Fortunately, she never saw the need to warn us of any other danger. We loved her like a member of the family and still miss our sweet dog. Which of the following words can be best used to describe Rhubarb?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "Rhubarb scared the robber away.", "She had such a family member as Rhubarb.", "Rhubarb barked once in her entire life.", "There was no need for Rhubarb to bark." ], "question": "Rhubarb loved everyone and every dog. Whenever someone came to the house, she was always happy. We had an older Samoyed named Willie, and it was important that Rhubarb got along well with him. She wanted to play, but was very respectful of Willie and left him alone when he was tired and needed to rest. Willie was not well and died about a year later, but I believe Rhubarb's interaction helped him keep going for longer than ifhe had been alone. But the interesting thing about Rhubarb was that she never barked. She would sometimes get excited when she saw a mouse and make a little crying sound. One hot night when she was about 4 years old, we went to bed with the windows open and the doors unlocked. At about 3 a.m., I woke up to the sound of Rhubarb barking and growling. I woke Donald and we got out of bed. Rhubarb was coming toward us with her hackles up. We turned on the lights and noticed the door to the kitchen was open. Then we saw the door leading into the house from the garage was also open. We quickly locked all the doors, and we did not get any sleep that night. The next day I called the police to report a break-in. I told them nothing had been taken, but they sent a police officer over to talk with us anyway. While he was here, we found out several local homes had been burglarized over the weekend. Most people had their wallets and purses stolen. My purse was right next to the door, but Rhubarb had scared the robber away before he or she could steal it. When the police officer left, he said we should keep our doors locked and reward Rhubarb with a big steak dinner. Rhubarb lived to be almost 12, but that night was the only time she barked in her entire life. Fortunately, she never saw the need to warn us of any other danger. We loved her like a member of the family and still miss our sweet dog. What made the author feel fortunate?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "To correct her typing mistakes.", "To find her secrets in the room.", "To prevent her from slowing down.", "To keep her from dishonest behaviors." ], "question": "While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer's Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked - remotely - to prevent Internet searches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down? In the battle against cheating, this is the _ and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid - that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers. Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of \"open online courses.\" Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance. Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students' identities using personal information, such as the telephone number they once used. Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "they can attract potential students", "they can defeat academic cheating", "they offer students online help", "they offer many online courses" ], "question": "While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer's Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked - remotely - to prevent Internet searches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down? In the battle against cheating, this is the _ and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid - that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers. Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of \"open online courses.\" Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance. Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students' identities using personal information, such as the telephone number they once used. Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating. For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "checking the question answering speed", "producing a large number of question", "scanning the Internet test question", "giving difficult test question" ], "question": "While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer's Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked - remotely - to prevent Internet searches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down? In the battle against cheating, this is the _ and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid - that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers. Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of \"open online courses.\" Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance. Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students' identities using personal information, such as the telephone number they once used. Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating. Some programs can find out possible cheaters by _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "The Advantages of Online Exams", "The High-tech Methods in Online Courses", "The Fight against Cheating in Online Education", "The War against the Booming of Online Education" ], "question": "While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor a few hundred miles away was watching her every move. Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer's Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked - remotely - to prevent Internet searches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down? In the battle against cheating, this is the _ and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid - that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers. Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of \"open online courses.\" Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance. Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students' identities using personal information, such as the telephone number they once used. Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "shortly before the Grammy this year", "earlier last Sunday", "a year ago", "at the annual pre-Grammy party" ], "question": "A year ago, at the annual pre-Grammy party, Whitney Houston, the great star, walked on stage and closed the evening with a brilliant performance. Last Saturday, Houston was once again the focus before the Grammy, but her presence was a regrettable one.Earlier that day, the pop music's former queen was found dead in her hotel room.She was 48.This, no doubt, is sad news to the whole music industry and her fans all over the world. At her peak , Houston was the golden girl of the music world.From the mid-1980s to the late 1990s, she was one of the world's best-selling artists.She impressed audiences with her effortless, powerful and _ performance. Besides multi-million record sales, Houston made countless hits such as The Greatest Love of All, I Have Nothing, and the mostly famous I Will Always Love You.She also influenced a generation of younger singers, from Christina Aguilera to Mariah Carey. But by the end of her career, there was a shocking fall for this superstar.Houston had been addicted to drugs.Her album sales declined and the hits stopped coming and her once beautiful voice became hoarse , unable to hit the high notes as she used to. In 2009, Houston staged a successful comeback with the albumI Look To You, which fell on top of the charts.But hoarse voice, canceled concerts, and continuous illness-Houston's comeback trail wasn't smooth at all.In an interview with Oprah Winfrey in 2009, Houston admitted: \"It (show business) is too much for me and I wanted out.\" Now that Houston has finally taken a break from all the chaos , may she rest in peace. Whitney Houston died _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 3, "choices": [ "her album sales declined", "show business was too much for her", "her fans no longer love her", "she had been addicted to drugs" ], "question": "A year ago, at the annual pre-Grammy party, Whitney Houston, the great star, walked on stage and closed the evening with a brilliant performance. Last Saturday, Houston was once again the focus before the Grammy, but her presence was a regrettable one.Earlier that day, the pop music's former queen was found dead in her hotel room.She was 48.This, no doubt, is sad news to the whole music industry and her fans all over the world. At her peak , Houston was the golden girl of the music world.From the mid-1980s to the late 1990s, she was one of the world's best-selling artists.She impressed audiences with her effortless, powerful and _ performance. Besides multi-million record sales, Houston made countless hits such as The Greatest Love of All, I Have Nothing, and the mostly famous I Will Always Love You.She also influenced a generation of younger singers, from Christina Aguilera to Mariah Carey. But by the end of her career, there was a shocking fall for this superstar.Houston had been addicted to drugs.Her album sales declined and the hits stopped coming and her once beautiful voice became hoarse , unable to hit the high notes as she used to. In 2009, Houston staged a successful comeback with the albumI Look To You, which fell on top of the charts.But hoarse voice, canceled concerts, and continuous illness-Houston's comeback trail wasn't smooth at all.In an interview with Oprah Winfrey in 2009, Houston admitted: \"It (show business) is too much for me and I wanted out.\" Now that Houston has finally taken a break from all the chaos , may she rest in peace. The cause of the fall of Whitney Houston was that _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "She made countless hits such as I Have Nothing.", "She influenced a generation of younger singers.", "She became the focus before the Grammy this year.", "She staged a successful comeback in 2009." ], "question": "A year ago, at the annual pre-Grammy party, Whitney Houston, the great star, walked on stage and closed the evening with a brilliant performance. Last Saturday, Houston was once again the focus before the Grammy, but her presence was a regrettable one.Earlier that day, the pop music's former queen was found dead in her hotel room.She was 48.This, no doubt, is sad news to the whole music industry and her fans all over the world. At her peak , Houston was the golden girl of the music world.From the mid-1980s to the late 1990s, she was one of the world's best-selling artists.She impressed audiences with her effortless, powerful and _ performance. Besides multi-million record sales, Houston made countless hits such as The Greatest Love of All, I Have Nothing, and the mostly famous I Will Always Love You.She also influenced a generation of younger singers, from Christina Aguilera to Mariah Carey. But by the end of her career, there was a shocking fall for this superstar.Houston had been addicted to drugs.Her album sales declined and the hits stopped coming and her once beautiful voice became hoarse , unable to hit the high notes as she used to. In 2009, Houston staged a successful comeback with the albumI Look To You, which fell on top of the charts.But hoarse voice, canceled concerts, and continuous illness-Houston's comeback trail wasn't smooth at all.In an interview with Oprah Winfrey in 2009, Houston admitted: \"It (show business) is too much for me and I wanted out.\" Now that Houston has finally taken a break from all the chaos , may she rest in peace. According to the passage, which is not Houston's achievement?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "Ice fishing.", "Joining a group", "Leading an active life.", "Staying in the snow" ], "question": "In the winter months the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0degC. However, in some parts of Canada, such as southern British Columbia, the temperature rarely goes below 0degC. In most areas where people live, snow will be on the ground from mid-December to the middle of March. Though Canada's winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to, it can be very enjoyable. For many Canadians, being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life. There are many outdoor winter activities, including skiing, ice fishing, walking, and skating. Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow. Dressing for winter. During winter in Canada, you will need warm clothing. If possible, arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival. You will need: A warm waterproof boots. A scarf for your neck. A hat that covers your ears. Gloves for your hands. Thick winter coats, pants and sweaters. Layers keep you warm. It's a good idea to layer your clothing by, for example, wearing a T-shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket. If you become too hot, it is always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another. On the West Coast, prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather. You will need: A warm waterproof coat. Waterproof hats. An umbrella. *Rain boots or snow boots. Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada. You can also contact Related Links.com, for example, an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter. What is the important part for many Canadians in winter?", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "an umbrella and sunglasses", "thick winter coats and a scarf", "waterproof hats and a scarf", "snow boots and gloves" ], "question": "In the winter months the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0degC. However, in some parts of Canada, such as southern British Columbia, the temperature rarely goes below 0degC. In most areas where people live, snow will be on the ground from mid-December to the middle of March. Though Canada's winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to, it can be very enjoyable. For many Canadians, being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life. There are many outdoor winter activities, including skiing, ice fishing, walking, and skating. Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow. Dressing for winter. During winter in Canada, you will need warm clothing. If possible, arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival. You will need: A warm waterproof boots. A scarf for your neck. A hat that covers your ears. Gloves for your hands. Thick winter coats, pants and sweaters. Layers keep you warm. It's a good idea to layer your clothing by, for example, wearing a T-shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket. If you become too hot, it is always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another. On the West Coast, prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather. You will need: A warm waterproof coat. Waterproof hats. An umbrella. *Rain boots or snow boots. Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada. You can also contact Related Links.com, for example, an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter. If you spend a winter in Canada, you will prepare all EXCEPT _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "it is cool to dress like that.", "it is a rule to dress like that.", "the weather there is changeable.", "the weather is usually very hot." ], "question": "In the winter months the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0degC. However, in some parts of Canada, such as southern British Columbia, the temperature rarely goes below 0degC. In most areas where people live, snow will be on the ground from mid-December to the middle of March. Though Canada's winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to, it can be very enjoyable. For many Canadians, being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life. There are many outdoor winter activities, including skiing, ice fishing, walking, and skating. Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow. Dressing for winter. During winter in Canada, you will need warm clothing. If possible, arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival. You will need: A warm waterproof boots. A scarf for your neck. A hat that covers your ears. Gloves for your hands. Thick winter coats, pants and sweaters. Layers keep you warm. It's a good idea to layer your clothing by, for example, wearing a T-shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket. If you become too hot, it is always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another. On the West Coast, prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather. You will need: A warm waterproof coat. Waterproof hats. An umbrella. *Rain boots or snow boots. Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada. You can also contact Related Links.com, for example, an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter. The author suggest layering your clothing probably because _", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "clues of water will be found in Phoenix", "Phoenix will be sent to find clues of water on Mars", "August 2007 will see Phoenix lift off", "the Mars Scout program will be carried out" ], "question": "NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed Lander on Mars' icy North Pole to search for clues for water and possible signs of life. The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface. Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes existed in the ice. Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. \"The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,\" Peter Smith said. True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet's south pole after its rocket engine shut off _ , causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction. The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later. The passage mainly tells readers that _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "in May 2008", "in August 2007", "in August 2008", "in September 2008" ], "question": "NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed Lander on Mars' icy North Pole to search for clues for water and possible signs of life. The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface. Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes existed in the ice. Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. \"The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,\" Peter Smith said. True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet's south pole after its rocket engine shut off _ , causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction. The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later. According to the passage, we know Phoenix will land on Mars _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 0, "choices": [ "rebirth", "death", "energy", "hope" ], "question": "NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed Lander on Mars' icy North Pole to search for clues for water and possible signs of life. The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface. Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes existed in the ice. Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. \"The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,\" Peter Smith said. True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet's south pole after its rocket engine shut off _ , causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction. The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later. According to the passage, the name \"Phoenix\" is after the meaning of _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 1, "choices": [ "find soil samples and send them to the earth", "look for the icy land to dig for the soil samples", "take photos and send them to the earth", "find the remains of the Mars Polar Lander" ], "question": "NASA is moving ahead with plans to put a long-armed Lander on Mars' icy North Pole to search for clues for water and possible signs of life. The $386 million Phoenix Mars is planned to touch down in the Martian arctic in 2008. The stationary probe will use its robotic arm to dig into the icy land and pick up soil samples to analyze. In 2002, the Mars Odyssey orbiter spotted evidence of ice-rich soil near the arctic surface. Scientists hope the Phoenix mission will find clues to the geologic history of water on the Red Planet and determine whether microbes existed in the ice. Phoenix will be the first mission of the Mars Scout program, a renewed, low-cost effort to study the Red Planet. \"The Phoenix mission explores new territory in the northern plains of Mars analogous to the permafrost regions on Earth,\" Peter Smith said. True to its name, Phoenix rose from the ashes of previous missions. The lander for Phoenix was built to fly as part of the 2001 Mars Surveyor program. But the program broke down after the well-known disappearance of the Mars Polar Lander in 1999. The Polar Lander lost contact during a landing attempt near the planet's south pole after its rocket engine shut off _ , causing the spacecraft to fall about 130 feet to almost certain destruction. The Phoenix probe had been in storage at a Lockheed Martin clean room in Denver before it was reused for its present mission. It will carry science instruments that were designed for the Mars Surveyor program including an improved panoramic camera and a trench-digging robotic arm. Phoenix will lift off from the Kennedy Space Center in August 2007 and land on the planet nine months later. After Phoenix lands on Mars, we can infer it will firstly _ .", "subject": "" }
{ "answer": 2, "choices": [ "the apple doesn't fall far from the tree.", "too many cooks spoil the soup", "good things come in small packages", "two heads are better than one" ], "question": "Proverbs are popular around the world. Many proverbs give advice on how to live. Some proverbs are hundreds of years old, but they are still used today. For example, my son is just like his father in many ways. We often say the two of them prove the proverb that the apple does not fall far from the tree. My daughter is very short. She would like to be taller. But I tell her that good things come in small packages. Some valuable things are very small, like diamonds and other jewels. But I also tell my children that all that glitters is not gold. Something may look valuable, but may not really be valuable. Also, I tell them do not judge a book by its cover. You should not judge something only by its appearance. Sometimes I tell my children to cooperate to solve a problem. After all, two heads are better than one. But another proverb says too many cooks spoil the soup. If too many people try to do something, then the job will not be done well. I also tell my children that two wrongs do not make a right. You should not do something bad just because someone did the same to you. Some people are pessimists while other people are optimists. Pessimists always think about how bad things are or will be; optimists might say that every cloud has a silver lining and they always look on the bright side. Other people are both pessimists and optimists. They hope for the best and prepare for the worst. Some people often worry about what they will do in a situation that might happen in the future. We could tell them do not cross that bridge until you come to it. It is usually much better to prevent a problem from happening than it is to find ways to solve it.So we say an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. The author often comforts her daughter with the proverb that _ .", "subject": "" }

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