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1900
word: affix word_type: noun expansion: affix (plural affixes) forms: form: affixes tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: Borrowed from Latin affixus, perfect passive participle of affigere (from ad- + figere), equivalent to ad- + fix. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: That which is affixed; an appendage. A bound morpheme added to the word’s stem's end. A bound morpheme added to a word’s stem; a prefix, suffix, etc. The complex number a+bi associated with the point in the Gauss plane with coordinates (a,b). Any small feature, as a figure, a flower, or the like, added for ornament to a vessel or other utensil, to an architectural feature. senses_topics: human-sciences linguistic-morphology linguistics morphology sciences human-sciences linguistic-morphology linguistics morphology sciences mathematics sciences
1901
word: affix word_type: verb expansion: affix (third-person singular simple present affixes, present participle affixing, simple past and past participle affixed) forms: form: affixes tags: present singular third-person form: affixing tags: participle present form: affixed tags: participle past form: affixed tags: past wikipedia: etymology_text: Borrowed from Latin affixus, perfect passive participle of affigere (from ad- + figere), equivalent to ad- + fix. senses_examples: text: to affix a stigma to a person type: example text: to affix ridicule or blame to somebody type: example text: to affix a syllable to a word type: example text: to affix a seal to an instrument type: example text: to affix one’s name to a writing type: example text: eyes affixed upon the ground type: example text: Look thou no further, but affix thine eye/On that bright, shiny, round, still moving mass,/The house of blessed gods, which men call sky,/All sow'd with glist'ring stars more thick than grass... ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, An Hymn of Heavenly Beauty type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: To attach. To subjoin, annex, or add at the close or end; to append to. To fix or fasten figuratively; with on or upon. senses_topics:
1902
word: absorb word_type: verb expansion: absorb (third-person singular simple present absorbs, present participle absorbing, simple past and past participle absorbed or (archaic) absorpt) forms: form: absorbs tags: present singular third-person form: absorbing tags: participle present form: absorbed tags: participle past form: absorbed tags: past form: absorpt tags: archaic participle past form: absorpt tags: archaic past form: no-table-tags source: conjugation tags: table-tags form: en-conj source: conjugation tags: inflection-template form: absorb tags: infinitive source: conjugation wikipedia: etymology_text: From Middle French absorber, from Old French assorbir, from Latin absorbeō (“swallow up”), from ab- (“from”) + sorbeō (“suck in, swallow”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *srebʰ- (“to sip”). Compare French absorber. senses_examples: text: Dark oblivion soon absorbs them all. ref: 1782, William Cowper, On Observing some Names of Little Note type: quotation text: Wages absorbed 80% of the total revenue (which was inescapable), and they were rising at almost twice the rate of fares, which were pegged by law. ref: 2023 March 8, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, in RAIL, number 978, page 51 type: quotation text: to be absorpt, or swallowed up, in a lake of fire and brimstone. ref: 1684-1690, Thomas Burnet, The Sacred Theory of the Earth type: quotation text: The drops of water slowly absorbed into the dry sponge. type: example text: Heat, light, and electricity are absorbed in the substances into which they pass. type: example text: Livonian affairs held him tight, and were to absorb him for many a year. ref: 1904, Kazimierz Waliszewski, translated by Lady Mary Loyd, Ivan the Terrible, Part 2 Chapter 3 type: quotation text: If we fail to absorb the lessons of history, we are doomed to repeat them. type: example text: Among the most debatable is the contention that the profit margins of small employers are insufficient to absorb the costs of health insurance ref: 2006, Gunnar Almgren, Health Care Politics, Policy, and Services: A Social Justice Analysis type: quotation text: I’ll absorb the charge for the window replacement. type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: To include so that it no longer has separate existence; to overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to incorporate; to assimilate; to take in and use up. To engulf, as in water; to swallow up. To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe, like a sponge or as the lacteals of the body; to chemically take in. To be absorbed, or sucked in; to sink in. To take in energy and convert it. in receiving a physical impact or vibration without recoil. To take in energy and convert it. in receiving sound energy without repercussion or echo. To take in energy and convert it. taking in radiant energy and converting it to a different form of energy, like heat. To take in energy and convert it. To engross or engage wholly; to occupy fully. To occupy or consume time. To assimilate mentally. To assume or pay for as part of a commercial transaction. To defray the costs. To accept or purchase in quantity. senses_topics: chemistry natural-sciences physical-sciences physics chemistry natural-sciences physical-sciences physics chemistry natural-sciences physical-sciences physics chemistry natural-sciences physical-sciences physics business
1903
word: absence word_type: noun expansion: absence (usually uncountable, plural absences) forms: form: absences tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From Middle English absence, from Old French absence, ausence, from Latin absentia, from absēns (“absent”), present active participle of absum (“I am away or absent”), from ab (“from, away from”) + sum (“I am”). senses_examples: text: Absence makes the heart grow fonder. type: example text: During Jane's absence, Mark will be taking charge. type: example text: Harry Kane was an absence in that first half. He touched the ball 11 times despite Spurs taking 62% of possession. ref: 2018 September 15, Barney Ronay, “Finely tuned Liverpool are really getting into Jürgen Klopp’s groove”, in The Guardian type: quotation text: Then, in January, a creeping tsunami of train cancellations, triggered by major staff absences as a result of the aggressive transmissibility of Omicron, heaped further misery on rail users. ref: 2022 January 12, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, in RAIL, number 948, page 3 type: quotation text: He had an absence of enthusiasm. type: example text: in the absence of higher and more authoritative sanctions the ordinances of foreign states, the opinions of eminent statesmen, and the writings of distinguished jurists, are regarded as of great consideration on questions not settled by conventional law ref: 1826, James Kent, Commentaries on American Law type: quotation text: absence of mind type: example text: To conquer that abstraction which is called absence. ref: c. 1824-1829, Walter Landor, Imaginary Conversations type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A state of being away or withdrawn from a place or from companionship The period of someone being away. Failure to be present where one is expected, wanted, or needed; nonattendance; deficiency. Lack; deficiency; nonexistence. Inattention to things present; abstraction (of mind). Temporary loss or disruption of consciousness, with sudden onset and recovery, and common in epilepsy. Lack of contact between blades. senses_topics: medicine sciences fencing government hobbies lifestyle martial-arts military politics sports war
1904
word: Syria word_type: name expansion: Syria forms: wikipedia: Syria etymology_text: From Middle English Sirie, from Latin Sȳria, from Ancient Greek Σῠρῐ́ᾱ (Suríā), ultimately from Akkadian 𒀸𒋩 (Aššur, “Assur”) and hence originally synonymous to Assyria. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Syrian Arab Republic. Capital: Damascus. Syria (an ancient region in the Levant in Western Asia, roughly coextensive with the modern country of Syria). An ancient Roman province between 64 BCE and 135 CE. senses_topics:
1905
word: meat word_type: noun expansion: meat (countable and uncountable, plural meats) forms: form: meats tags: plural wikipedia: meat etymology_text: From Middle English mete, from Old English mete (“food”), from Proto-West Germanic *mati, from Proto-Germanic *matiz (“food”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“to drip, ooze; grease, fat”). Cognate with West Frisian mete, Old Saxon meti, Old High German maz (“food”), Icelandic matur, Swedish mat, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃 (mats). A -ja- derivation from the same base is found in Middle Dutch and Middle Low German met (“lean pork”), from which Dutch met (“minced pork”) and German Mett (“minced meat”) derive, respectively. Compare also Old Irish mess (“animal feed”) and Welsh mes (“acorns”), English mast (“fodder for swine and other animals”), which are probably from the same root. senses_examples: text: A large portion of domestic meat production comes from animals raised on factory farms. type: example text: The homesteading teenager shot a deer to supply his family with wild meat for the winter. type: example text: In many parts of the world, shark meat is an acceptable and desirable form of protein. ref: 1983, Richard Ellis, The Book of Sharks, Knopf, page 144 type: quotation text: While people who eat no meat at all are identified and identifiable as vegetarians, there is no commonly accepted term for people who eat it only a couple of times a week and are selective about its quality. ref: 2010 October 19, Andy Atkins, “Debate on meat-eating does not cut the mustard”, in The Guardian type: quotation text: The butchery's profit rate on various meats varies greatly. type: example text: As full of fun and frolic as an egg is full of meat. ref: 1879, Silas Hocking, Her Benny type: quotation text: The way she said ‘dinner’ and the way she said ‘champagne’ gave meat and liquid their exact difference[…]. ref: 1936, Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, Faber & Faber, published 2007, page 13 type: quotation text: The apple looked fine on the outside, but the meat was not very firm. type: example text: She took her spoon and stirred the melted butter into the yellow meat of the yam. ref: 1954, Cothburn O'Neal, The Dark Lady, page 12 type: quotation text: He sits me on the floor (the shower is still beating down on us). He lays me down and slides his huge meat into me. ref: 1993, Nancy Friday, Women on top: how real life has changed women's sexual fantasies, page 538 type: quotation text: Just the tight, hot caress of his bowels surrounding my meat gave me pleasures I had only dreamed of before that day. ref: 2006, John Patrick, Play Hard, Score Big, page 54 type: quotation text: Both men were completely, and very actively into this face fucking! Suddenly Bill pulled off of Jim's meat and said, ref: 2011, Wade Wright, Two Straight Guys, page 41 type: quotation text: We recruited him right from the meat of our competitor. type: example text: […]it is time to begin "A Dialogue between Viator and Piscator," which is the meat of the matter. ref: 1577, Gerald Eades Bentley, The Arte of Angling type: quotation text: He hit it right on the meat of the bat. type: example text: Throw it in here, meat. type: example text: When a stranger comes to an aboriginal camp or settlement in north-western NSW, he is asked by one of the older aborigines: "What meat (clan) are you?" ref: 1949, Vol.XX, Oceania type: quotation text: Granny Sullivan was ‘dead against’ the match at first because they did not know "what my meat was and because I was a bit on the fair side." ref: 1973, M. Fennel, A. Grey, Nucoorilma type: quotation text: Some people maintained that she was "sung" because her family had killed or eaten the "meat" (totem) of another group. ref: 1977, A. K. Eckermann, Group Organisation and Identity type: quotation text: Our family[…]usually married the red kangaroo "meat". ref: 1992, P. Taylor, Tell it Like it Is type: quotation text: 1993, J. Janson, Gunjies That’s a beautiful goanna. […]. He’s my meat, can’t eat him. senses_categories: senses_glosses: The flesh (muscle tissue) of an animal used as food. A type of meat, by anatomic position and provenance. Food, for animals or humans, especially solid food. See also meat and drink. A type of food, a dish. A meal. Meal; flour. Any relatively thick, solid part of a fruit, nut etc. A penis. The best or most substantial part of something. The sweet spot of a bat or club (in cricket, golf, baseball etc.). A meathead. A totem, or (by metonymy) a clan or clansman which uses it. senses_topics: hobbies lifestyle sports
1906
word: BOF word_type: noun expansion: BOF (countable and uncountable, plural BOFs) forms: form: BOFs tags: plural wikipedia: BOF etymology_text: senses_examples: text: Coordinate term: EOF text: Alternative form: BoF senses_categories: senses_glosses: Initialism of beginning of file. Initialism of birds of a feather (“group of people with common interests”). Initialism of best of friends. senses_topics: computing engineering mathematics natural-sciences physical-sciences sciences
1907
word: RFDS word_type: name expansion: RFDS forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: text: Early medical and RFDS memorabilia is on display inside. ref: 2011, Rough Guides Snapshot: Australia: Northern Territory (ISBN-13: 9781409360902) senses_categories: senses_glosses: Initialism of Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia. senses_topics:
1908
word: beer word_type: noun expansion: beer (countable and uncountable, plural beers) forms: form: beers tags: plural wikipedia: A Dictionary of the English Language Oxford English Dictionary Samuel Johnson beer etymology_text: From Middle English bere, from Old English bēor (“beer”) (Oxford OED notes: "rare, except in poetry"), from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”) (putatively from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeusóm), meaning “brewer's yeast”. However, also see the "beer" entry on OED (q.v.), which links a connection to monastic Vulgar Latin *biber (“a drink, beverage”), from Latin bibere (“to drink”). Samuel Johnson in his famous 18th-century A Dictionary of the English Language guessed it was from (unattested) Welsh *bîr; he distinguished it in his time from ale — the ancient usual word — by beer being older-aged and/or smaller. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bjoor, West Frisian bier, German Low German Beer, Dutch bier, German Bier, Icelandic bjór (“beer”). senses_examples: text: Beer is brewed all over the world. type: example text: I bought a few beers from the shop for the party. type: example text: Can I buy you a beer? type: example text: I'd like two beers and a glass of white wine. type: example text: Pilsner is one of the most commonly served beers in Europe. type: example text: I haven't tried this beer before. type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: An alcoholic drink fermented from starch material, commonly barley malt; often with hops or some other substance (like gruit) to impart a bitter flavor. A fermented extract of the roots and other parts of various plants, as spruce, ginger, sassafras, etc. A solution produced by steeping plant materials in water or another fluid. A glass, bottle, or can of any of the above beverages. A variety of the above beverages. senses_topics:
1909
word: beer word_type: verb expansion: beer (third-person singular simple present beers, present participle beering, simple past and past participle beered) forms: form: beers tags: present singular third-person form: beering tags: participle present form: beered tags: participle past form: beered tags: past wikipedia: A Dictionary of the English Language Oxford English Dictionary Samuel Johnson beer etymology_text: From Middle English bere, from Old English bēor (“beer”) (Oxford OED notes: "rare, except in poetry"), from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”) (putatively from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeusóm), meaning “brewer's yeast”. However, also see the "beer" entry on OED (q.v.), which links a connection to monastic Vulgar Latin *biber (“a drink, beverage”), from Latin bibere (“to drink”). Samuel Johnson in his famous 18th-century A Dictionary of the English Language guessed it was from (unattested) Welsh *bîr; he distinguished it in his time from ale — the ancient usual word — by beer being older-aged and/or smaller. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bjoor, West Frisian bier, German Low German Beer, Dutch bier, German Bier, Icelandic bjór (“beer”). senses_examples: text: No doubt he then can feed us, wine us, beer us, And cook us something that can warm and cheer us. ref: 1870, Sidney Daryl, His First Brief. A Comedietta in Clement Scott, Drawing-room Plays and Parlour Pantomimes, Robson and Sons, pages 303–304 text: “Beer me!” said Goody. “Also your weed is shit. Where’s the good stuff, dude?” ref: 2010, Steve Brezenhoff, The Absolute Value of -1, Carolrhoda Lab, page 121 type: quotation text: I heard Patty Marsh yelling, ‘Beer him, Eleanor!’ ref: 2013, Janet E. Cameron, Cinnamon Toast and the End of the World, Hatchette Books Ireland, page 124 type: quotation text: “Beer me!” To his astonishment she obeyed his command, appearing a minute later with a glass of beer and a wry smile. ref: 2013, R. D. Power, Forbidden, page 39 type: quotation text: In Japan, students on a Friday night announce “Let's beer!” ref: 2008, Charles Foran, Join the Revolution, Comrade: Journeys and Essays, page 83 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: To give beer to (someone). To drink beer. senses_topics:
1910
word: beer word_type: noun expansion: beer (plural beers) forms: form: beers tags: plural wikipedia: beer etymology_text: table From Middle English beere, equivalent to be + -er. senses_examples: text: That meant, among other things, that he was going to be a fast-moving doer. And even when he was three or four, it wasn't hard for me to know that this wasn't going to be easy. Because Albert was a beer. Born that way. ref: 1990, Budge Wilson, “Be-ers and Doers”, in The leaving, and other stories type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: One who is or exists. senses_topics:
1911
word: ID card word_type: noun expansion: ID card (plural ID cards) forms: form: ID cards tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From ID + card. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Abbreviation of identity card. senses_topics:
1912
word: software word_type: noun expansion: software (uncountable) forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From soft + -ware, by contrast with hardware (“the computer itself”). Coined by John Tukey in 1958. senses_examples: text: The "software" comprising the carefully planned interpretive routines, compilers, and other aspects of automative programming are at least as important to the modern electronic calculator as its "hardware" of tubes, transistors, wires, tapes and the like. ref: 1958, John W. Tukey, "The Teaching of Concrete Mathematics" in The American Mathematical Monthly, vol. 65, no. 1 (Jan. 1958), pp 1-9 text: As originally conceived, the word "software" was merely an obvious way to distinguish a program from the computer itself. A program comprised sequences of changeable instructions each having the power to command the behavior of the permanently crafted machinery, the "hardware." ref: 1995, Paul Niquette, Softword: Provenance for the Word ‘Software’ type: quotation text: The Americans have devoted their attention to the hardware of disarmament: Europeans can make a special contribution to the 'software' or human content of detente. ref: 1989, Christopher Layton, A Step Beyond Fear: Building a European Security Community type: quotation text: […] preview of horrific images to come, as the hardware stage of the war yields to the software — or human — stage. ref: 1991, New York Magazine, volume 24, number 5, page 33 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Encoded computer instructions, usually modifiable (unless stored in some form of unalterable memory such as ROM). The human beings involved in warfare, as opposed to hardware such as weapons and vehicles. senses_topics: computing engineering mathematics natural-sciences physical-sciences sciences government military politics war
1913
word: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane word_type: noun expansion: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (usually uncountable, plural dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes) forms: form: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From dichloro + diphenyl + trichloro + ethane. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A chlorinated hydrocarbon originally used as an insecticide, often abbreviated as DDT. senses_topics: chemistry natural-sciences organic-chemistry physical-sciences
1914
word: sasquatch word_type: noun expansion: sasquatch (plural sasquatches) forms: form: sasquatches tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: Borrowed from Halkomelem sásq’ets (“hairy man”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A large hairy humanoid creature of western North America. senses_topics: biology cryptozoology natural-sciences zoology
1915
word: winter word_type: noun expansion: winter (countable and uncountable, plural winters) forms: form: winters tags: plural wikipedia: winter etymology_text: From Middle English winter, from Old English winter, from Proto-Germanic *wintruz (“winter”). Cognate with West Frisian winter (“winter”), Dutch winter (“winter”), German Winter (“winter”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian vinter (“winter”), Icelandic vetur (“winter”). senses_examples: text: Ne take noon hede to brynge togidere þe parties of þe boon þat is to-broken or dislocate, til viij. daies ben goon in þe wyntir, & v. in þe somer; for þanne it schal make quytture, and be sikir from swellynge; & þanne brynge togidere þe brynkis eiþer þe disiuncture after þe techynge þat schal be seid in þe chapitle of algebra. ref: a1420, The British Museum Additional MS, 12,056, “Wounds complicated by the Dislocation of a Bone”, in Robert von Fleischhacker, editor, Lanfranc's "Science of cirurgie.", London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co, translation of original by Lanfranc of Milan, published 1894, page 63 type: quotation text: And after summer evermore succeeds Barren winter, with his wrathful nipping cold. ref: 1592, Shakespeare, Henry VI, Part 1 type: quotation text: There shall he learn, ere sixteen winters old, That … ref: 1785, William Cowper, “Tirocinium: or, A Review of Schools." in The Poems of William Cowper, Vol. II., The Press of C. Whittingham (1822), page 174 text: […] a woman, tall, and strong of aspect, of some thirty winters by seeming, [...] ref: 1897, William Morris, The Water of the Wondrous Isles, volume I, Longmans, Green and Co., published 1914, page 2 type: quotation text: Life's autumn past, I stand on winter's verge. ref: 1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion type: quotation text: Buterin seemed to sense that the market was out of balance, and he made a smart decision that helped Ethereum weather the crypto winter and continue to build while the market was down. ref: 2023, Ben Armstrong, Catching Up to Crypto, page 78 type: quotation text: Note that the Citie of Goa is the principall place of all the Oriental India, and the winter thus beginneth the 15 of May, with very great raine. ref: 1584, Barret, in Hakl. ii. 413 text: The Winter heere beginneth about the first of Iune and dureth till the twentieth of September, but not with continuall raines as at Goa, but for some sixe or seuen dayes every change and full, with much wind, thunder and raine. ref: 1610, Finch, in Purchas, i. 423 text: In Winter (when they rarely stir) they have a Mumjama, or Wax Cloth to throw over it […] ref: 1678, Fryer, 410 text: The mere breadth of these mountains divides summer from winter, that is to say, the season of fine weather from the rainy […] all that is meant by winter in India is the time of the year when the clouds […] are driven violently by the winds against the mountains, […] ref: 1770,—Raynal, tr. 1777, i. 34 senses_categories: senses_glosses: Traditionally the fourth of the four seasons, typically regarded as being from December to February in continental regions of the Northern Hemisphere or the months of June, July, and August in the Southern Hemisphere. It is the time when the sun is lowest in the sky, resulting in short days, and the time of year with the lowest atmospheric temperatures for the region. The period of decay, old age, death, or the like. Someone with dark skin, eyes and hair, seen as best suited to certain colors of clothing. An appliance to be fixed on the front of a grate, to keep a kettle warm, etc. The rainy season. senses_topics: fashion lifestyle
1916
word: winter word_type: verb expansion: winter (third-person singular simple present winters, present participle wintering, simple past and past participle wintered) forms: form: winters tags: present singular third-person form: wintering tags: participle present form: wintered tags: participle past form: wintered tags: past wikipedia: winter etymology_text: From Middle English winter, from Old English winter, from Proto-Germanic *wintruz (“winter”). Cognate with West Frisian winter (“winter”), Dutch winter (“winter”), German Winter (“winter”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian vinter (“winter”), Icelandic vetur (“winter”). senses_examples: text: When they retired, they hoped to winter in Florida. type: example text: Those who seek to invade another country anywhere across the great Eurasian steppes are condemned eventually to winter in it. ref: 2022 December 27, “Ukraine war: Five ways conflict could go in 2023”, in BBC News type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: To spend the winter (in a particular place). To store something (for instance animals) somewhere over winter to protect it from cold. senses_topics:
1917
word: winter word_type: adj expansion: forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: senses_topics:
1918
word: IAAF word_type: name expansion: IAAF forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Initialism of International Amateur Athletics Federation (1912–2001) and International Association of Athletics Federations (2001–2019). Organization renamed World Athletics in 2019. senses_topics: hobbies lifestyle sports
1919
word: Northern Marianas word_type: name expansion: Northern Marianas forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Short for Northern Mariana Islands. senses_topics:
1920
word: Niue word_type: name expansion: Niue forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From Niuean Niuē (“behold the coconut palm”), from niu (“coconut”) + ē (“o (vocative particle)”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An island and country in Polynesia in Oceania, a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand. Official name: Republic of Niue. Capital: Alofi. senses_topics:
1921
word: neologisms word_type: noun expansion: neologisms forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: plural of neologism senses_topics:
1922
word: Vanuatu word_type: name expansion: Vanuatu forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: Borrowed from Bislama Vanuatu. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country and archipelago in Melanesia in Oceania. Official name: Republic of Vanuatu. Capital and largest city: Port Vila. senses_topics:
1923
word: French Guiana word_type: name expansion: French Guiana forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An overseas department and administrative region of France in South America. Official name: Department of French Guiana. senses_topics:
1924
word: dictionary word_type: noun expansion: dictionary (plural dictionaries) forms: form: dictionaries tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From Middle English dixionare, learned borrowing from Medieval Latin dictiōnārium, from Latin dictiōnārius, from dictiō (“a speaking”), from dictus, perfect past participle of dīcō (“to speak”) + -ārium (“room, place”). By surface analysis, diction + -ary. senses_examples: text: Coordinate term: thesaurus text: If you want to know the meaning of a word, look it up in the dictionary. type: example text: But what other kind(s) of syntactic information should be included in Lexical Entries? Traditional dictionaries such as Hornby's (1974) Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English include not only categorial information in their entries, but also information about the range of Complements which a given item permits (this information is represented by the use of a number/letter code). ref: 1988, Andrew Radford, chapter 7, in Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 339 type: quotation text: By 1986 the name Walkman was included as a word in the English dictionary. ref: 2019, John Hughes, Life Pre-Intermediate Student's Book, National Geographic Learning, page 188 type: quotation text: User calls RouteCollection.GetVirtualPath, passing in a RequestContext, a dictionary of values, and an optional route name used to select the correct route to generate the URL. ref: 2011, Jon Galloway, Phil Haack, Brad Wilson, Professional ASP.NET MVC 3 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A reference work with a list of words from one or more languages, normally ordered alphabetically, explaining each word's meanings (senses), and sometimes also containing information on its etymology, pronunciation, usage, semantic relations, and translations, as well as other data. A synchronic dictionary of a standardised language held to only contain words that are properly part of the language. Any work that has a list of material organized alphabetically; e.g., biographical dictionary, encyclopedic dictionary. An associative array, a data structure where each value is referenced by a particular key, analogous to words and definitions in a dictionary (sense 1). senses_topics: computing engineering mathematics natural-sciences physical-sciences sciences
1925
word: dictionary word_type: verb expansion: dictionary (third-person singular simple present dictionaries, present participle dictionarying, simple past and past participle dictionaried) forms: form: dictionaries tags: present singular third-person form: dictionarying tags: participle present form: dictionaried tags: participle past form: dictionaried tags: past wikipedia: etymology_text: From Middle English dixionare, learned borrowing from Medieval Latin dictiōnārium, from Latin dictiōnārius, from dictiō (“a speaking”), from dictus, perfect past participle of dīcō (“to speak”) + -ārium (“room, place”). By surface analysis, diction + -ary. senses_examples: text: By a reference to the following dictionaried abbreviations, the simplicity and harmony of each sentence will be manifestly apparent; although it does not embrace everything, and could not, as it would be far too voluminous for general use. ref: 1866, William Henry Ward, The international day, night, and fog signal telegraph, page 12 type: quotation text: Should I use a word that a lot of people use but isn't in the dictionary? Uncle Phil would rather get a root canal than say he was scrapbooking, because the word isn't dictionaried. ref: 2001, The Michigan Alumnus, page 25 type: quotation text: They [dictionary-makers] may have had their romance at home — may have been crossed in love, and thence driven to dictionarying; may have been involved in domestic tragedies — who can say? ref: 1864, Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, volume 96, page 334 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: To look up in a dictionary. To add to a dictionary. To compile a dictionary. senses_topics:
1926
word: debt-laden word_type: adj expansion: debt-laden (comparative more debt-laden, superlative most debt-laden) forms: form: more debt-laden tags: comparative form: most debt-laden tags: superlative wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: having a burden of debt senses_topics:
1927
word: Switzerland word_type: name expansion: Switzerland forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: Compound of Switzer + -land, adopted in the 16th century from Early Modern German Schwytzerland (“land of the Swiss”). Noun sense refers to the state’s political neutrality in both World Wars. senses_examples: text: Much of Switzerland is located in the Alps. type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Western Europe and Central Europe. Official name: Swiss Confederation. Capital: Bern (de facto). senses_topics:
1928
word: Switzerland word_type: noun expansion: Switzerland (uncountable) forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: Compound of Switzer + -land, adopted in the 16th century from Early Modern German Schwytzerland (“land of the Swiss”). Noun sense refers to the state’s political neutrality in both World Wars. senses_examples: text: I’m not getting involved in this argument. I’m Switzerland. type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: A neutral party in a dispute; one who does not take sides. senses_topics:
1929
word: abominable snowman word_type: noun expansion: abominable snowman (plural abominable snowmen) forms: form: abominable snowmen tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: First attested in 1921. Calque of Tibetan མི་སྡུག་གངས་མི (mi sdug gangs mi), from མི་སྡུག (mi sdug, “repulsive, unlovely, ugly, hideous”) and གངས་མི (gangs mi, “snowman”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A humanoid or apelike animal said to exist in the Himalayas. senses_topics: biology cryptozoology natural-sciences zoology
1930
word: um word_type: intj expansion: um forms: wikipedia: Speech disfluency etymology_text: Onomatopoeic. senses_examples: text: Um, I don’t know. type: example text: Let’s see... um... how about this? type: example text: It's a great test of the claims of open-source gurus, who say that a self-motivated community can outcode any team working for a single employer—like, um, Microsoft. ref: 2002, Newsweek, volume 140, page lxxx type: quotation text: "About the same, wherever you go," he agreed. "Um," I said. ref: 1963, Kurt Vonnegut, Cat's Cradle, Dell Publishing Co., Inc., page 65 type: quotation text: Um, excuse me! type: example text: While I was in her room, Sam walked by and said, “Um, I'm telling!” “You're telling what?” I asked. “You're reading Tori's journal,” she said. ref: 2011, Kimberly Willis Holt, Piper Reed, Clubhouse Queen type: quotation text: Mair used to look after Laura. If anyone threatened to tease her, Mair would stand up straight, point her finger at the enemy and shout, 'Um! I'm telling on you!' ref: 2021, Sarah Strangeways, The Gingerbread House, page 13 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Expression of hesitation, uncertainty or space filler in conversation. Dated spelling of mmm. An expression to forcefully call attention to something wrong. An expression of shocked disapproval used by a child who witnesses forbidden behavior. senses_topics:
1931
word: um word_type: verb expansion: um (third-person singular simple present ums, present participle umming, simple past and past participle ummed) forms: form: ums tags: present singular third-person form: umming tags: participle present form: ummed tags: participle past form: ummed tags: past wikipedia: Speech disfluency etymology_text: Onomatopoeic. senses_examples: text: Meanwhile, in the popular mind umming was simply a bad habit, akin to spitting or picking one’s nose. ref: 2007, Michael Erard, Um... Slips, Stumbles, and Verbal Blunders, and What They Mean, page 136 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: To make the um sound to express uncertainty or hesitancy. senses_topics:
1932
word: um word_type: prep expansion: um forms: wikipedia: Speech disfluency etymology_text: From Middle English um, from Old Norse um, umb (“around, about”), from Proto-Germanic *umbi (“around”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Old English ymbe (“around”), West Frisian om (“around”), Dutch om (“around”), German um (“around”). More at umbe. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Alternative form of umbe senses_topics:
1933
word: um word_type: particle expansion: um forms: wikipedia: Speech disfluency etymology_text: senses_examples: text: He um Growling Bear. He um heap big chief. type: example text: me heap brave—me talk to um white man so[…] me good injun, like um white man, mebbe so, ugh! ref: 1871, “Grand camp meeting on Bear River”, in The Keepapitchinin, volume III, page 3 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: An undifferentiated determiner or article; a miscellaneous linking word, or filler with nonspecific meaning; representation of broken English stereotypically or comically attributed to Native Americans. senses_topics:
1934
word: die word_type: verb expansion: die (third-person singular simple present dies, present participle dying, simple past and past participle died) forms: form: dies tags: present singular third-person form: dying tags: participle present form: died tags: participle past form: died tags: past form: no-table-tags source: conjugation tags: table-tags form: en-conj source: conjugation tags: inflection-template form: die tags: infinitive source: conjugation wikipedia: Modern English etymology_text: From Middle English deyen, from Old English dīeġan and Old Norse deyja, both from Proto-Germanic *dawjaną (“to die”). Displaced Old English sweltan, whence Modern English swelt. senses_examples: text: He died of malaria. type: example text: In 1971 or 72, Mom's sister Carolyn Weimer died of breast cancer. ref: 2000, Stephen King, On Writing, Pocket Books, published 2002, page 85 type: quotation text: He died from heart failure. type: example text: She lived several weeks; but afterwards she died from epilepsy, to which malady she had been previously subject. ref: 1865 March 4, British Medical Journal, page 213 type: quotation text: Or all of them will die from the plague. Even if most of the candidates succumb […] ref: 2007, Frank Herbert, Kevin J. Anderson, Sandworms of Dune, Tor, published 2007, page 191 type: quotation text: He died for the one he loved. type: example text: Englishmen are dying for England, Americans are dying for America, Germans are dying for Germany, Russians are dying for Russia. There are now fifty or sixty countries fighting in this war. ref: 1961, Joseph Heller, Catch-22, Simon & Schuster, published 1999, page 232 type: quotation text: Less than three days later, Johnson lapsed into a coma in his jail cell and died for lack of insulin. ref: 2003, Tara Herivel, Paul Wright, editors, Prison Nation, Routledge, page 187 type: quotation text: And there were some who died with fevers, which at some seasons of the year was very frequent in the land. ref: 1830, Joseph Smith, The Book of Mormon, Richards, published 1854, page 337 type: quotation text: I can't believe I just died to a turret! type: example text: Dr Thomas concluded she had died to a blow to the head, which led to a bleed on the brain, probably a fall and had hit her head hard on the wooden bedpost, as there was blood on the bedpost. ref: 2014, S. J. Groves, The Darker Side to Dr Carter, page 437 type: quotation text: She died with dignity. type: example text: Will I die a happy man? type: example text: He died a hero's death. type: example text: They died a thousand deaths. type: example text: […] he chose instead to suffer even greater personal pain, with unimaginable fortitude and resolve, albeit for a shorter time. Thus he died a small death, in order to benefit the living. Similarly, a small and voluntary death was died by Socrates. ref: 2019, Lou Marinoff, On Human Conflict: The Philosophical Foundations of War and Peace, Rowman & Littlefield, page 452 type: quotation text: Of course, Nazis are not present in this game. Instead, we have animals that will try to cover you with dirt. As soon as you get too dirty, you will die. ref: 1995, “Slobzone”, in Coming Soon! magazine (video game review) type: quotation text: Oh look, I just died.[…]I missed that jump again! That was dumb! Hey, I just died on the same freakin' Zinger. ref: 2009, Brian Sulpher, 9:15–9:30 from the start, in Onto Doom And Gloom (video game playthrough), via youtube type: quotation text: Whenever my brother dies, he ragequits. type: example text: I'm dying for a packet of crisps. type: example text: I'm dying for a piss. type: example text: I could see that he was dying, dying for a cigarette, dying for a fix maybe, dying for a little bit of freedom, but trapped in a hospital bed and a sick body. ref: 2004, Paul Joseph Draus, Consumed in the city: observing tuberculosis at century's end, page 168 type: quotation text: The day our sister eloped, she died to our mother. type: example text: "My dad […] beat us until we couldn't sit down." […] "What about your mother?" […] "She's alive. […] My aunt visits her once a year, but I don't ask about my mother. She died to me the day she chose my father over protecting us." Luke's voice hitched with emotion. ref: 2015, Emily Duvall, Inclusions, page 150 type: quotation text: "You haven't been my son since you were ten years old. That boy died to me the day he ran away. I don't know you. You are merely a shell that resembles someone I used to know, but you are dead to me. You are the bringer of pain and death. Leave me be. Leave me with my son, Jyosh." "Mother..." Barlun pleaded. ref: 2017, Mike Hoornstra, Descent into the Maelstrom, page 366 type: quotation text: He died a little inside each time she refused to speak to him. type: example text: Do you know that I went down / To the ground / Landed on both my broken-hearted knees... / […]I didn't even cry / 'Cause pieces of me had already died ref: 2011, Ingrid Michaelson (lyrics and music), “Ghost”, in Human Again type: quotation text: If anyone sees me wearing this ridiculous outfit, I'll die. type: example text: When I found out my two favorite musicians would be recording an album together, I literally planned my own funeral arrangements and died. type: example text: I literally died when I saw that. ref: 1976, an anchorman on Channel Five in California, quoted in Journal and Newsletter [of the] California Classical Association, Northern Section text: My car died in the middle of the freeway this morning. type: example text: Sorry I couldn't call you. My phone died. type: example text: My battery died and my charger was at home. type: example text: The proposed gas tax died after the powerful rural senator refused to let it out of committee. type: example text: When the truth is found to be lies / And all the joy within you dies / Don't you want somebody to love? / Don't you need somebody to love? ref: 1965, Darby Slick, “Somebody to Love”, in Surrealistic Pillow, performed by Jefferson Airplane, published 1967 type: quotation text: to die to pleasure or to sin type: example text: Then there was that time I died onstage in Montreal... type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death. followed by of as an indication of direct cause; general use To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death. followed by from as an indication of direct cause; general use, though somewhat more common in the context of medicine or the sciences To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death. followed by for; often expressing wider contextual motivations, though sometimes indicating direct causes To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death. followed by with as an indication of direct cause To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death. followed by to as an indication of direct cause (like from) To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death. followed by with as an indication of manner To stop living; to become dead; to undergo death. to die in a certain form. To (stop living and) undergo (a specified death). To lose or be eliminated from a game, particularly with a deathlike animation. To yearn intensely. To be or become hated or utterly ignored or cut off, as if dead. To become spiritually dead; to lose hope. To be mortified or shocked by a situation. To be so overcome with emotion or laughter as to be incapacitated. To stop working; to break down or otherwise lose "vitality". To abort, to terminate (as an error condition). To expire at the end of the session of a legislature without having been brought to a vote. To perish; to cease to exist; to become lost or extinct. To sink; to faint; to pine; to languish, with weakness, discouragement, love, etc. To become indifferent; to cease to be subject. To disappear gradually in another surface, as where mouldings are lost in a sloped or curved face. To become vapid, flat, or spiritless, as liquor. To fail to evoke laughter from the audience. senses_topics: video-games architecture
1935
word: die word_type: noun expansion: die (plural dies) forms: form: dies tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From Middle English dee, from Old French de (Modern French dé), from Latin datum, from datus (“given”), the past participle of dō (“to give”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to lay out, to spread out”). Doublet of datum. Replaced Old English tasul, tesul (“die”), from Latin tessella (“die, cube”). senses_examples: text: The number of dies per wafer is basically the area of the wafer divided by the area of the die. ref: 2002, John L. Hennessy, David A. Patterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, Elsevier, page 19 type: quotation text: Once the wafer has undergone the wafer-probe test, it is separated into individual dice by sawing or scribing and breaking. The dice are visually inspected, sorted, and readied for assembly into packages. ref: 2009, Paul R. Gray, Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits, 5th edition, John Wiley & Sons, page 159 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: The cubical part of a pedestal; a plinth. A device for cutting into a specified shape. A device used to cut an external screw thread. (Internal screw threads are cut with a tap.) A mold for forming metal or plastic objects. An embossed device used in stamping coins and medals. An oblong chip fractured from a semiconductor wafer engineered to perform as an independent device or integrated circuit. Any small cubical or square body. senses_topics: dice games
1936
word: die word_type: noun expansion: die (plural dice or (nonstandard) dies) forms: form: dice tags: plural form: dies tags: nonstandard plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From Middle English dee, from Old French de (Modern French dé), from Latin datum, from datus (“given”), the past participle of dō (“to give”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to lay out, to spread out”). Doublet of datum. Replaced Old English tasul, tesul (“die”), from Latin tessella (“die, cube”). senses_examples: text: Most dice are six-sided. type: example text: I rolled the die and moved 2 spaces on the board. type: example text: When you roll two dies—or three, or four—the odds of obtaining a specific number becomes complex in a logarithmic progression. ref: 2000, Richard Shoup, edited by Barry Lenson, Take Control Of Your Life: How to Control Fate, Luck, Chaos, Karma, and Life’s Other Unruly Forces, McGraw-Hill, page 42 type: quotation text: We roll two dies repeatedly until we get the first double. ref: 2012, Rinaldo B. Schinazi, “Probability Space”, in Probability with Statistical Applications, 2nd edition, Birkhäuser, “Independent Events”, “Exercises”, page 16 type: quotation text: Roll two dies 24 times. What is the probability of rolling at least one double 6? ref: 2014, Ionut Florescu, Ciprian A. Tudor, Handbook of Probability, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. type: quotation text: When this creature enters the battlefield, roll a six-sided die. You gain life equal to the result. ref: 2017 December 8, “Adorable Kitten”, in Unstable, Wizards of the Coast type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: An isohedral polyhedron, usually a cube, with numbers or symbols on each side and thrown in games of chance. That which is, or might be, determined, by a throw of the die; hazard; chance. senses_topics:
1937
word: die word_type: noun expansion: die (plural dies) forms: form: dies tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: Variant spelling. senses_examples: text: He hath carried his friendship to this man to a blameable length, by too long concealing facts of the blackest die. ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Obsolete spelling of dye. senses_topics:
1938
word: die word_type: verb expansion: die (third-person singular simple present dies, present participle dying, simple past and past participle died) forms: form: dies tags: present singular third-person form: dying tags: participle present form: died tags: participle past form: died tags: past wikipedia: etymology_text: Variant spelling. senses_examples: text: Also no dyer shall die any cloth, except he die the cloth and the list with one colour, without tacking any bulrushes or such like thing upon the lists, upon pain to forfeit 40 s. for every cloth. And no person shall put to sale any cloth deceitfully dyed, ref: 1739, John Cay, An abridgment of the publick statutes in force and use from Magna Charta, in the ninth year of King Henry III, to the eleventh year of his present Majesty King George II, inclusive, Drapery, XXVII. Sect. 16 text: To die wool with madder, prepare a fresh liquor, and when the water is come to a heat to bear the hand, put in half a pound of the finest grape madder for each pound of wool; ref: 1813, James Haigh, The Dier's Assistant in the Art of Dying Wool and Woollen Goods type: quotation text: To die Wool and Woollen Cloths of a Blue Colour. One part of indigo, in four parts concentrated sulphuric acid, dissolved; then add one part of dry carbonate of potash, [...] ref: 1827, John Shepard, The artist & tradesman's guide: embracing some leading facts type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Obsolete spelling of dye. senses_topics:
1939
word: Falkland Islands word_type: name expansion: the Falkland Islands sg or pl forms: form: the Falkland Islands tags: canonical plural singular wikipedia: etymology_text: Name taken from the Falkland Sound, which was named for Viscount Falkland by John Strong, who landed on the islands in 1690. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, located in the South Atlantic. senses_topics:
1940
word: US Virgin Islands word_type: name expansion: US Virgin Islands forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: text: I looked forward to seeing our friends and loved the long, serious conversations at Renaissance. But I needed some rest, and I was eager for the four days we had planned on St. Thomas in the U.S. Virgin Islands after New Year’s. ref: 2003, Hillary Rodham Clinton, “Third Way”, in Living History, →OCLC, page 437 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Short for United States Virgin Islands. senses_topics:
1941
word: Security Council word_type: name expansion: the Security Council forms: form: the Security Council tags: canonical wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: The UN Security Council. senses_topics:
1942
word: is word_type: verb expansion: is forms: wikipedia: IS etymology_text: From Middle English is, from Old English is, from Proto-West Germanic *ist, from Proto-Germanic *isti (a form of Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“is”). Cognate with West Frisian is (“is”), Dutch is (“is”), German ist (“is”), Afrikaans is (“am, are, is”) Old Swedish är, er, Old Norse er, es. Also, via Proto-Indo-European, Latin esse (“be”) senses_examples: text: He is a doctor. type: example text: "It depends on what the meaning of the word 'is' is." ref: 1999 January 8, Ken Starr, quoting Bill Clinton, Referral from Independent Counsel Kenneth W. Starr in Conformity with the Requirements of Title 28, United States Code, Section 595(c) (Starr Report), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, retrieved 2020-02-14, page 176 type: quotation text: "It's not two weeks yet," I reminded her, hoping that might somehow cheer her. […] "Tomorrow is two weeks," Ruth said in a distant voice, staring into the flames. ref: 2012, Robert Moore, Where the Gold is Buried, a legend of Old Fort Niagara, page 137 type: quotation text: There is three of them there. type: example text: Let the whole world know we's on some off-key tip ref: 2001, “Witness (1 Hope)”, in Run Come save me, performed by Roots Manuva type: quotation text: "Them niggas shot my girl, yo! And I ain't gonna sleep until all of them niggas is dead!" RJ hissed. ref: 2012, Trae Macklin, Flippin' The Hustle type: quotation text: "Y'all is some disorganized niggahs," Mama Byrd said. ref: 2013, Tu-Shonda Whitaker, The Ex Factor, page 270 type: quotation text: Who the fuck do you think I is? / You ain't married to no average bitch, boy ref: 2016, “Don't Hurt Yourself”, in Lemonade, performed by Beyoncé type: quotation text: Nigga, yeah, you's a bitch ref: 2022, “Plan B”, performed by Megan Thee Stallion type: quotation text: Like Jazzie, Stacie, Nicki / All of the Barbies is pretty / All of the Barbies is bad ref: 2023, “Barbie World”, in Barbie: The Album, performed by Nicki Minaj and Ice Spice type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of be Used in phrases with existential there (also here and where) when the semantic subject is plural. present indicative of be; am, are, is. senses_topics:
1943
word: is word_type: pron expansion: is forms: wikipedia: IS etymology_text: Alternative pronunciation of us. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Alternative spelling of us (“me”). senses_topics:
1944
word: is word_type: noun expansion: is forms: wikipedia: IS etymology_text: From i + -s. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Alternative form of i's. senses_topics:
1945
word: Iran word_type: name expansion: Iran forms: wikipedia: Iran Iran (word) etymology_text: From Iranian Persian ایران (irân), from Classical Persian ایران (ērān), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān, “of the Aryans”). See 𐭠𐭩𐭥𐭠𐭭 (ʾērān) for word formation, further etymology and cognates. The name of the political entity is a 3rd-century development that derives from the indigenous ethnolinguistic name of the Iranian peoples, i.e. the great variety of Iranian tribes that spoke an Iranian language. senses_examples: text: The Persians, in naming their country, make use of one word, which they indifferently pronounce Iroun, and Iran. ref: ca. 1675, Jean Chardin (Sir John Chardin), Travels in Persia, 1673-1677, fasc. reprint 1988, Dover, page 126 text: Light was happiness; and the people of Iran, the land of light, were the favourites of heaven; while those of Turan, the gloomy region beyond the mountains to the north, were its enemies. ref: 1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 25 type: quotation text: Iran is a vast and ancient country in a strategic location in the Middle East. It borders Russia, Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, the Gulf of Oman, and the Persian Gulf. ref: 2005, Massoume Price, editor, Iran's Diverse Peoples, ABC-Clio, page xiii type: quotation text: "Kavi means a king, but it is particularly used of the kings belonging to the second and most celebrated of the two mythical dynasties of Iran." "One certain fact is the occurrence of geographical names [Bactria, Sogdiana, etc] in Vendidad I, which are obviously intended to describe the earliest homes of the Iranian races whose lore was the Avesta." ref: 1882, James Darmesteter, The Zend-Avesta, volume 1 (SBE, volume 31), Oxford UP, page 7, xxviii text: Zoroaster of Iran. — Zoroaster, it is believed, sprang up in the seventh century before the Christian era, somewhere in the land between the Indus and the Tigris. ref: 1898, A. V. W. Jackson, Zoroaster: The Prophet of Ancient Iran, Macmillan, page 10 type: quotation text: Iran. in early times, the name applied to the great Asiatic plateau which comprised the entire region from the Caucasus, the Caspian Sea, and Russian Turkestan on the north to the Tigris, the Persian Gulf, and the Arabian Sea on the west and south, and extending to the Indus on the east, likewise comprising the modern Afghanistan and the territory to the north of it as far as the Jaxartes River. ref: 1909, “Iran”, in John Huston Finley, editor, Nelson's Perpetual Loose-leaf Encyclopaedia, volume 6, page 479 type: quotation text: [W]e may surmise that there was a strong sense of Iranian unity lending solidarity to the eastern half of the empire. It is only in the generations after Alexander, in Eudemus and in Eratosthenes (ap. Strabo), that we find mention of the concept of a greater nation of Iran (Arianē) stretching from the Zagros to the Indus; but the sense of unity must have been there, for Herodotus tells us that the Medes were formerly called Arioi, and Darius I (followed by Xerxes) in his inscriptions proclaims himself an Iranian (Ariya) by race - he speaks of himself in ascending order as an Achaemenid, a Persian and an Iranian (Naqsh-i Rustam). ref: 1985, J. M. Cooke, “The Rise of the Achaemenids”, in Cambridge Historiy of Iran, volume 2, page 290 type: quotation text: [The] Cambridge History of Iran [is] a survey of the history and historical geography of the land which is present-day Iran, as well as other territories inhabited by peoples of Iranian descent. ref: 1990, Hubert Darke, “Cambridge History of Iran”, in Encyclopedia Iranica, volume 4, page 724 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Islamic Republic of Iran. Capital: Tehran. regions inhabited by the Iranian peoples. senses_topics: engineering natural-sciences physical-sciences technical
1946
word: Armenia word_type: name expansion: Armenia forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /⁠Armina⁠/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more. The Old Persian name is an exonym: see հայ (hay) for the native name. Attested in English since late 14th century. senses_examples: text: In the Caucasian republics, 100,000 Azerbaijanis, 30,000 Georgians, and tens of thousands of Armenians were imprisoned, tortured, or killed under Stalin, with Armenia's prisons so full at some points that basements of government buildings were converted into makeshift jails. ref: 1992, Richard Nixon, “The Former Evil Empire”, in Seize the Moment, Simon & Schuster, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 57 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Ancient kingdom in the Armenian Highland southeast of Black Sea and southwest of Caspian Sea; area now divided between Turkey, Republic of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Iran. A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe. Official name: Republic of Armenia. Capital: Yerevan. A town in the Sonsonate department, El Salvador senses_topics:
1947
word: Kropotkinist word_type: noun expansion: Kropotkinist (plural Kropotkinists) forms: form: Kropotkinists tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From Kropotkin + -ist. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An adherent of Peter Kropotkin's anarchist-communism; an anarcho-communist. senses_topics: anarchism communism government human-sciences ideology philosophy politics sciences
1948
word: Liechtenstein word_type: name expansion: Liechtenstein forms: wikipedia: Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Castle (Maria Enzersdorf) etymology_text: From German Liechtenstein, after the name of the ruling dynasty, which in turn derives its name from that of Liechtenstein Castle, which means “bright stone”, from liecht, an obsolete variant of licht (“light, bright”), + Stein (“stone”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A microstate in Central Europe. Official name: Principality of Liechtenstein. Capital: Vaduz. senses_topics:
1949
word: Liechtenstein word_type: adj expansion: Liechtenstein (not comparable) forms: wikipedia: Liechtenstein Liechtenstein Castle (Maria Enzersdorf) etymology_text: From German Liechtenstein, after the name of the ruling dynasty, which in turn derives its name from that of Liechtenstein Castle, which means “bright stone”, from liecht, an obsolete variant of licht (“light, bright”), + Stein (“stone”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Of or pertaining to Liechtenstein. Of or pertaining to the people or culture of Liechtenstein. senses_topics:
1950
word: scrimmage word_type: noun expansion: scrimmage (plural scrimmages) forms: form: scrimmages tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: A corruption of skirmish. senses_examples: text: get caught up in a scrimmage type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: A rough fight. In some team sports, especially soccer, a practice game which does not count on a team's record. In American football or Canadian football, a play that begins with a snap from the center while opposing teams are on either side of a line of scrimmage. senses_topics:
1951
word: scrimmage word_type: verb expansion: scrimmage (third-person singular simple present scrimmages, present participle scrimmaging, simple past and past participle scrimmaged) forms: form: scrimmages tags: present singular third-person form: scrimmaging tags: participle present form: scrimmaged tags: participle past form: scrimmaged tags: past wikipedia: etymology_text: A corruption of skirmish. senses_examples: text: We scrimmaged a few times and then settled into boring drills. type: example text: Elwood caught sight of a football field where some boys scrimmaged and yelped. ref: 2019, Colson Whitehead, The Nickel Boys, Fleet, page 45 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: To have, or be involved in, a scrimmage. senses_topics:
1952
word: Uzbekistan word_type: name expansion: Uzbekistan forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: Uncertain; possibly from Turkic uz (“genuine”) + Sogdian [Term?] (/⁠bek⁠/, “master”) (for the second element, see Turkish bey). The suffix is known to be from Classical Persian ـِستان (istān, “stan”). senses_examples: text: In Uzbekistan, forced sterilizations apparently began in 2004 and became official state policy in 2009. ref: 2013, Al Gore, The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change, New York: Random House, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 234 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Central Asia. Official name: Republic of Uzbekistan. Capital: Tashkent. senses_topics:
1953
word: EOF word_type: noun expansion: EOF (countable and uncountable, plural EOFs) forms: form: EOFs tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Initialism of end of file. Initialism of end of field. senses_topics: computing engineering mathematics natural-sciences physical-sciences sciences computing engineering mathematics natural-sciences physical-sciences sciences
1954
word: EOF word_type: name expansion: EOF forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Initialism of Enterprise Objects Framework. Initialism of Elswick Ordnance Factory. senses_topics: computing engineering mathematics natural-sciences physical-sciences sciences government military politics war
1955
word: DDT word_type: noun expansion: DDT (usually uncountable, plural DDTs) forms: form: DDTs tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Abbreviation of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (“compound originally developed as an insecticide”) senses_topics: chemistry natural-sciences organic-chemistry physical-sciences
1956
word: DDT word_type: noun expansion: DDT (plural DDTs) forms: form: DDTs tags: plural wikipedia: DDT (professional wrestling) etymology_text: Various theories; see DDT (professional wrestling). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: a move where a wrestler puts another wrestler into a standing front face lock and then falls backwards, driving the recipient's head into the floor. senses_topics: government hobbies lifestyle martial-arts military politics professional-wrestling sports war wrestling
1957
word: picosecond word_type: noun expansion: picosecond (plural picoseconds) forms: form: picoseconds tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From pico- (“metric prefix”) + second. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An SI unit of time equal to 10⁻¹² seconds. Symbol: ps senses_topics: metrology
1958
word: American Samoa word_type: name expansion: American Samoa forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: text: SECRETARY James G. Blaine, on April 11, 1889, instructed the American Samoa commissioners at Berlin that the plan of governing natives without their consent was "not in harmony with the established policy of this government." ref: 1899 April 29, Friends' Intelligencer, volume LVI, number 17, Philadelphia, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 329, column 2 type: quotation text: In a decision citing American Samoa cultural traditions, those born in the U.S. territory shouldn’t have citizenship automatically forced on them, a federal appeals court ruled Wednesday.[…] American Samoa is the only unincorporated territory of the United States where the inhabitants are not American citizens at birth.[…] Drawing on the views of the American Samoa people is one of the more gratifying aspects of the ruling, said Michael Williams, an attorney representing the American Samoa government, which intervened to oppose the lawsuit. “It is also vindication for the principle that the people of American Samoa should determine their own status in accordance with Samoan culture and traditions,” he said. ref: 2021 June 16, Jennifer Sinco Kelleher, “American Samoa culture plays role in US citizenship ruling”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-06-16 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: An archipelago and overseas territory of the United States in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Territory of American Samoa. It is distinct from Samoa (formerly: Western Samoa). senses_topics:
1959
word: Svalbard word_type: name expansion: Svalbard forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: Borrowed from Old Norse Svalbarð n probably through Norwegian. From svalr (“cool”) + barð (“edge, brim”), thus roughly meaning “cold shore”, probably alluding to the treeless landscape mostly covered with grass. The name was first attested in annales referring to year 1194, but it’s uncertain whether it referred to the modern archipelago. Cognate with Faroese Svalbarð, Icelandic Svalbarði and Norwegian Svalbard. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A group of islands northeast of Greenland; a territory of Norway. senses_topics:
1960
word: Norfolk Island word_type: name expansion: Norfolk Island forms: wikipedia: Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk James Cook Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk Norfolk Island William Ambrosia Cowley etymology_text: From the duchy of Norfolk in England, q.v. As an Ecuadorian island, clipping of Duke of Norfolk's Island, bestowed by William Ambrosia Cowley in 1684 honor of Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk; his son Henry, the 7th duke; or both. As an Australian island and territory, bestowed by James Cook in 1774 in honor of Mary Howard, wife of the 9th duke. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An island in Australia. A territory of Australia, surrounding the island. Former name of Santa Cruz, an island in Galapagos, Ecuador. senses_topics:
1961
word: sky word_type: noun expansion: sky (plural skies) forms: form: skies tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: The noun is derived from Middle English ski, skie, sky (“firmament, heavens, sky; cloud; cloud of mist or vapour; fog, mist; (astrology) certain configuration of the heavens; (astronomy) sphere of the celestial realm; (physiology) cloudiness, smoky residue (for example, in urine)”) [and other forms], from Old Norse ský (“cloud”), from Proto-Germanic *skiwją (“cloud; sky”), from *skiwô (“cloud; cloud cover, haze; sky”) (whence Old English sċēo (“cloud”) and Middle English skew (“air; sky; (rare) cloud”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover; to conceal, hide”). The verb is derived from the noun. cognates The English word is cognate with Old English scēo (“cloud”), Old Saxon scio, skio, skeo (“light cloud cover”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Bokmål sky (“cloud”), Old Irish ceo (“mist, fog”), Irish ceo (“mist, fog”). It is also related to Old English scūa (“shadow, darkness”), Latin obscūrus (“dark, shadowy”), Sanskrit स्कुनाति (skunāti, “he covers”). See also hide, hose, house, hut, shoe. senses_examples: text: That year, a meteor fell from the sky. type: example text: Blue skies / Smiling at me / Nothing but blue skies / Do I see ref: 1926, Irving Berlin (lyrics and music), “Blue Skies” type: quotation text: I lay back under a warm Texas sky. type: example text: We’re not sure how long the cloudy skies will last. type: example text: This mortal has incurred the wrath of the skies. type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: The atmosphere above a given point, especially as visible from the surface of the Earth as the place where the sun, moon, stars, and clouds are seen. With a descriptive word: the part of the sky which can be seen from a specific place or at a specific time; its climate, condition, etc. Usually preceded by the: the abode of God or the gods, angels, the souls of deceased people, etc.; heaven; also, powers emanating from heaven. Ellipsis of sky blue. The set of all lightlike lines (or directions) passing through a given point in space-time. In an art gallery: the upper rows of pictures that cannot easily be seen; also, the place where such pictures are hung. A cloud. senses_topics: mathematics sciences
1962
word: sky word_type: verb expansion: sky (third-person singular simple present skies, present participle skying, simple past and past participle skied or skyed) forms: form: skies tags: present singular third-person form: skying tags: participle present form: skied tags: participle past form: skied tags: past form: skyed tags: participle past form: skyed tags: past wikipedia: etymology_text: The noun is derived from Middle English ski, skie, sky (“firmament, heavens, sky; cloud; cloud of mist or vapour; fog, mist; (astrology) certain configuration of the heavens; (astronomy) sphere of the celestial realm; (physiology) cloudiness, smoky residue (for example, in urine)”) [and other forms], from Old Norse ský (“cloud”), from Proto-Germanic *skiwją (“cloud; sky”), from *skiwô (“cloud; cloud cover, haze; sky”) (whence Old English sċēo (“cloud”) and Middle English skew (“air; sky; (rare) cloud”)), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover; to conceal, hide”). The verb is derived from the noun. cognates The English word is cognate with Old English scēo (“cloud”), Old Saxon scio, skio, skeo (“light cloud cover”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Bokmål sky (“cloud”), Old Irish ceo (“mist, fog”), Irish ceo (“mist, fog”). It is also related to Old English scūa (“shadow, darkness”), Latin obscūrus (“dark, shadowy”), Sanskrit स्कुनाति (skunāti, “he covers”). See also hide, hose, house, hut, shoe. senses_examples: text: The artists—I mean the younger brood, and not the Brother Academicians who "skied" his pictures—were the first and the most enthusiastic in his [George Fuller's] praise. ref: 1883 December, M[ariana] G[riswold] Van Rensselaer, “George Fuller”, in The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine, volume V (New Series; volume XXVII overall), number 2, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co.; London: F[rederick] Warne & Co., →OCLC, page 227, column 1 type: quotation text: In ‘skying’ a coin for the purpose of deciding a point at issue between two parties, two methods are in vogue: there is either the ‘slow torture’ of spinning the coin thrice, the decision to go against the tosser-up, if the other party, twice out of the three times, guesses right on which side the coin shall fall; or, the ‘sudden death’ method in which one toss is decisive; […] ref: 1894, C[ornelis] Stoffel, “Preface”, in Studies in English, Written and Spoken: For the Use of Continental Students (First Series), Zutphen, Gelderland, Netherlands: W. J. Thieme & Co.; London: Luzac & Co., →OCLC, footnote 1, page IX type: quotation text: Hernandez [i.e., Félix Hernández] walked the bases loaded, then fell behind 3–1 in the count to Bobby Abreu, who then skied the next pitch to left for a sacrifice fly. ref: 2009 September 8, Geoff Baker, “Seattle Mariners at Los Angeles Angels: 09/08 game thread”, in The Seattle Times, Seattle, Wash.: The Seattle Times Company, published 29 November 2012, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-09-18 type: quotation text: Van Persie [i.e., Robin van Persie] skied a penalty, conceded by Gary Caldwell who was sent off, and also hit the post before scoring his third with a shot at the near post. ref: 2011 January 22, Tim Love, “Arsenal 3 – 0 Wigan”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2021-03-25 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: To drink (a beverage) from a container without one's lips touching the container. To hang (a picture on exhibition) near the top of a wall, where it cannot easily be seen; (by extension) to put (something) in an undesirable place. To toss (something) upwards; specifically, to flip (a coin). To clear (a high jump bar, hurdle, etc.) by a large margin. To hit, kick, or throw (a ball) extremely high. To raise (the price of an item on auction, or the level of the bids generally) by bidding high. To move quickly, as if by flying; to fly; also, to escape, to flee (especially by airplane). To hit, kick, or throw a ball extremely high. To raise an oar too high above the water. senses_topics: hobbies lifestyle sports ball-games games hobbies lifestyle sports ball-games games hobbies lifestyle sports hobbies lifestyle rowing sports
1963
word: LOL word_type: intj expansion: LOL forms: wikipedia: LOL Loyal Orange Lodge etymology_text: Acronyms. Laugh Out Loud abbreviation apparently coined by Canadian Wayne Pearson in the early-to-mid 1980s and first attested in 1989. senses_examples: text: SHEESH !!!! ¶ LOL (Laugh out loud) &&&& ¶ LOL (Lots of love, coz I'm a sharing caring kinda gal) ¶ Nikki ref: 2002 November 29, Me Here, “Latest Rugby Poll.”, in nz.general (Usenet) type: quotation text: Explaining how much I hated being away from him for another weekend, how I had to do it to pay for his school, for our life. Heartfelt, heart-full, I signed it "LOL, Dad.". Then a pause. And I see appearing on my screen these words. "Dad: what exactly do you think LOL means?" "Lots of Love, obviously," I replied. ref: 2007, Adam Gopnik, Through the Children's Gate type: quotation text: The answer is in Job 40:7 to the end of the chapter, and 2 tim 2:11 thru 2:21. LOL, Dad Miscommunication: I was thinking he was laughing he didn't tell that was not true. An on-looker said he may mean lots of love. I asked and he didn't answer but he hugged me the next time he saw me for two seconds. Progress not perfection. ref: 2010, Keturah Wasler, Box of Chocolates: Piece from My Heart, page 20 type: quotation text: John 21:15, 16,17 Back in the fifties, when I used to write childish letters in long-hand to my grandmothers, I would delight in closing with LOL, by which I intended the sentiment "Lots of Love"! This was followed by "XOXOXOXO", which, of course, was hugs and kisses. ref: 2011, Rhonda K. Kindig, Found in Translation, page 105 type: quotation text: One of the most famous examples of this misunderstanding came to prominence three years ago, thanks to a screengrab of this text message sent by a mother to her son: "Your great aunt just passed away. LOL". ref: 2014 May 28, Stuart Heritage, “25 years of LOL – the good and bad bits”, in The Guardian type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Laughing (or laugh) out loud. Lots of laughs. (occasionally used) Indicates light-heartedness or amusement, or that the accompanying statement is not intended as serious. Lots of love. senses_topics:
1964
word: LOL word_type: verb expansion: LOL (third-person singular simple present LOLs, present participle LOLing, simple past and past participle LOLed or LOLd or LOL'd) forms: form: LOLs tags: present singular third-person form: LOLing tags: participle present form: LOLed tags: participle past form: LOLed tags: past form: LOLd tags: participle past form: LOLd tags: past form: LOL'd tags: participle past form: LOL'd tags: past wikipedia: LOL Loyal Orange Lodge etymology_text: Acronyms. Laugh Out Loud abbreviation apparently coined by Canadian Wayne Pearson in the early-to-mid 1980s and first attested in 1989. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: To laugh out loud. senses_topics:
1965
word: LOL word_type: noun expansion: LOL (plural LOLs) forms: form: LOLs tags: plural wikipedia: LOL Loyal Orange Lodge etymology_text: Acronyms. Laugh Out Loud abbreviation apparently coined by Canadian Wayne Pearson in the early-to-mid 1980s and first attested in 1989. senses_examples: text: LOL in NAD [dated emergency department slang for "little old lady in no apparent distress"] type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: Loyal Orange Lodge, a prefix given to all branches of the Loyal Orange Order. For example, LOL 1 is Portadown branch. Little old lady. 2001 May 13, Sheilendr Khipple, “Word for Word/Hospital Lingo; What's a Bed Plug? An L.O.L. in N.A.D.”, in New York Times 2001 May 13, Sheilendr Khipple, “Word for Word/Hospital Lingo; What's a Bed Plug? An L.O.L. in N.A.D.”, in New York Times: L.O.L.: little old lady. (Oddly, there is no male equivalent.) / N.A.D.: no apparent distress. The classic description of a patient in a state of well-being: L.O.L. in N.A.D. L.O.L.: little old lady. (Oddly, there is no male equivalent.) / N.A.D.: no apparent distress. The classic description of a patient in a state of well-being: L.O.L. in N.A.D. 2018, Jeanne Marie Laskas, To Obama, With love, joy, hate and despair, →ISBN, page 29 2018, Jeanne Marie Laskas, To Obama, With love, joy, hate and despair, →ISBN, page 29: Then he started with his LOLs. The Little Old Ladies who needed help with daily chores. Then he started with his LOLs. The Little Old Ladies who needed help with daily chores. senses_topics:
1966
word: South Korea word_type: name expansion: South Korea forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From south + Korea, due to its southerly position on the Korean peninsula. senses_examples: text: HSI data indicates that up to a million dogs are bred and sacrificed annually in South Korea for human consumption, even though demand is at a “historic low,” with about 6 million dogs residing in South Korean homes and 57 percent of the population supporting the ban. ref: 2024 January 9, “South Korea bans dog meat trade for human consumption”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2024-01-10 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. Official name: Republic of Korea. Capital: Seoul. senses_topics:
1967
word: insusurration word_type: noun expansion: insusurration (uncountable) forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From Latin insusurratio, from insusurrare (“to whisper into”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: The act of whispering into something. senses_topics:
1968
word: data structure word_type: noun expansion: data structure (plural data structures) forms: form: data structures tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Any form of storing and organizing data in a computer so that it can be accessed efficiently. senses_topics: computer computing engineering mathematics natural-sciences physical-sciences science sciences
1969
word: abscissin word_type: noun expansion: abscissin (usually uncountable, plural abscissins) forms: form: abscissins tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From abscission + -in. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A plant hormone controlling the dropping off or abscission of certain plant parts, notably the leaves of trees in autumn or cotton bolls. senses_topics: biochemistry biology chemistry microbiology natural-sciences physical-sciences
1970
word: gismu word_type: noun expansion: gismu (plural gismu) forms: form: gismu tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: Borrowed from Lojban gismu. senses_examples: text: When two gismu are adjacent, the first one modifies the second, and the selbri takes its place structure from the rightmost word. ref: 1997, John W. Cowan, The Complete Lojban Language type: quotation text: There are over 1,300 root gismu in the Lojban vocabulary, and these structures form a very interesting ontology of their own. ref: 2005, Brian D. Eubanks, Wicked Cool Java type: quotation text: The main type of word used as a selbri is a gismu, or root-word. Each gismu is exactly five letters long, and has one of two consonant-vowel patterns:CVCCV or CCVCV (e.g. rafsi or bridi). The gismu are built so as to minimize listening errors in a noisy environment. A gismu has at least two combining forms, known as rafsi. One is the gismu itself; one is the gismu with the final vowel deleted. Certain gismu have additional, shorter rafsi assigned. Up to three of these shorter rafsi may be assigned to a gismu, depending on frequency of usage of the gismu in building complex concepts and on availability of these shorter rafsi. Short rafsi use only certain combinations of letters from the gismu, and are of the forms CCV, CVC, CVV or CV'V. ref: 2008, Robin Turner, Nick Nicholas, Lojban for Beginners type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A brivla that is a basic Lojban root, rather than being derived through compounding or borrowing. senses_topics: grammar human-sciences linguistics sciences
1971
word: colon word_type: noun expansion: colon (plural colons or cola) forms: form: colons tags: plural form: cola tags: plural wikipedia: colon etymology_text: From Latin cōlon (“a member of a verse of poem”), from Ancient Greek κῶλον (kôlon, “a member, limb, clause, part of a verse”). senses_examples: text: A colon tells the reader that what follows is closely related to the preceding clause. ref: 2005, William Strunk Jr., E.B. White, The Elements of Style, Penguin Press, page 15 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: The punctuation mark ⟨:⟩. The triangular colon (especially in context of not being able to type the actual triangular colon). A rhetorical figure consisting of a clause which is grammatically, but not logically, complete. A clause or group of clauses written as a line, or taken as a standard of measure in ancient manuscripts or texts. senses_topics: biology epigraphy geography history human-sciences literature media natural-sciences palaeography paleogeography paleography paleontology publishing sciences
1972
word: colon word_type: noun expansion: colon (plural colons or cola or coli) forms: form: colons tags: plural form: cola tags: plural form: coli tags: plural wikipedia: colon etymology_text: From Latin cŏlon (“large intestine”), from Ancient Greek κόλον (kólon, “the large intestine, also food, meat, fodder”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Part of the large intestine; the final segment of the digestive system, after (distal to) the ileum and before (proximal to) the rectum. (Because the colon is the largest part of the large intestine (constituting most of it), it is often treated as synonymous therewith in broad or casual usage.) senses_topics: anatomy medicine sciences
1973
word: colon word_type: noun expansion: colon (plural colons) forms: form: colons tags: plural wikipedia: colon etymology_text: From French colon. senses_examples: text: The reaction of the European colons, a mixture of shock and fear, was to demand further draconian measures and to suspend any suggestion of new reforms. ref: 1977, Alistair Horne, A Savage War of Peace, New York: Review Books, published 2006, page 28 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A husbandman. A European colonial settler, especially in a French colony. senses_topics:
1974
word: Brunei word_type: name expansion: Brunei forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From Malay Brunei, probably ultimately from Sanskrit वरुण (váruṇa), which also referred to the island of Borneo (a likely cognate to Brunei). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Southeast Asia. Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan. senses_topics:
1975
word: Aaronical word_type: adj expansion: Aaronical (comparative more Aaronical, superlative most Aaronical) forms: form: more Aaronical tags: comparative form: most Aaronical tags: superlative wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Alternative form of Aaronic Pontifical. senses_topics:
1976
word: Western Sahara word_type: name expansion: Western Sahara forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory. senses_topics:
1977
word: baglo word_type: noun expansion: baglo (plural baglos) forms: form: baglos tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A two-masted trading boat. senses_topics: nautical transport
1978
word: Tajikistan word_type: name expansion: Tajikistan forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: Borrowed from Tajik Тоҷикистон (Tojikiston), from Classical Persian تاجیکستان (tājīkistān). senses_examples: text: Rahmon, addressing Putin directly, said that Tajikistan and other countries in the vast region have been treated like outsiders and indicates that the region deserves more investment from Moscow.[…] Rahmon said the neglect of Tajikistan and the other countries of Central Asia, which he said were only used for their raw materials during the Soviet era, was one of the reasons for the collapse. ref: 2022 October 15, “Tajik President's Demand For 'Respect' From Putin Viewed Millions Of Times On YouTube”, in Radio Free Europe, archived from the original on 2022-10-17 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Central Asia. Official name: Republic of Tajikistan. Capital: Dushanbe. senses_topics:
1979
word: accelerate word_type: verb expansion: accelerate (third-person singular simple present accelerates, present participle accelerating, simple past and past participle accelerated) forms: form: accelerates tags: present singular third-person form: accelerating tags: participle present form: accelerated tags: participle past form: accelerated tags: past wikipedia: etymology_text: First attested in the 1520s. Either from Latin accelerātus, perfect passive participle of accelerō (“I accelerate, hasten”), formed from ad + celerō (“I hasten”), which is from celer (“quick”) (see celerity), or back-formation from acceleration. senses_examples: text: to accelerate the growth of a plant, the increase of wealth, etc. type: example text: Nevertheless, it is clear that the global energy demand for air-conditioning will grow substantially as nations become more affluent, with the consequences of climate change potentially accelerating the demand. ref: 2013 September-October, Michael Sivak, “Will AC Put a Chill on the Global Energy Supply?”, in American Scientist type: quotation text: to accelerate our departure type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: To cause to move faster; to quicken the motion of; to add to the speed of. To quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process of. To cause a change of velocity. To hasten, as the occurrence of an event. To enable a student to finish a course of study in less than normal time. To become faster; to begin to move more quickly. Grow; increase. senses_topics: natural-sciences physical-sciences physics education
1980
word: accelerate word_type: adj expansion: accelerate (not comparable) forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: First attested in the 1520s. Either from Latin accelerātus, perfect passive participle of accelerō (“I accelerate, hasten”), formed from ad + celerō (“I hasten”), which is from celer (“quick”) (see celerity), or back-formation from acceleration. senses_examples: text: ... a general knowledg of the definition of motion, and of the distinction of natural and violent, even and accelerate, and the like, sufficing. ref: 1662, Thomas Salusbury, Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Dialogue 2 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: Accelerated; quickened; hastened; hurried. senses_topics:
1981
word: touring word_type: adj expansion: touring (not comparable) forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: text: a touring company type: example text: If you are not using a touring-specific bike and you have large feet, you could have problems with your heels striking your rear panniers. This is one of the very reasons why a touring bike has long chainstays (435mm minimum). type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: Working for a short time in different places. Intended for a journey through a country or a region, related to tourism. senses_topics:
1982
word: touring word_type: verb expansion: touring forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: present participle and gerund of tour senses_topics:
1983
word: touring word_type: noun expansion: touring (plural tourings) forms: form: tourings tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: text: Finally, there was the 40-hp machine from the previous year, on the 120-inch wheelbase and listed in four body styles, tourings and roadsters. ref: 1988, Cars and Parts, volume 31, page 60 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A touring car. senses_topics:
1984
word: toddick word_type: noun expansion: toddick (plural toddicks) forms: form: toddicks tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From Scots [Term?]. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A dish upon which the miller's share was measured as compensation for milling the farmer's meal. A very small quantity of something. senses_topics:
1985
word: Saudi Arabia word_type: name expansion: Saudi Arabia forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: See Saudi and Arabia. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Capital: Riyadh. senses_topics:
1986
word: phillumenist word_type: noun expansion: phillumenist (plural phillumenists) forms: form: phillumenists tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From phil- (“love of”) + Latin lumen (“light”) + -ist. senses_examples: text: There is a new and happy breed, the Phillumenists, better known as Match-box Label collectors. ref: 1948 May, A. J. Cruse, “I am a Phillumenist: Match-Box Labels as a Hobby”, in Chambers's Journal, page 238 type: quotation text: To be a real phillumenist, however, requires that one take his assorted books and "shuck" them, "press" them, and then categorize them according to subject, era, size, and maker. ref: 1984, Stephen Hughes, Pop Culture Mania: Collecting 20th-Century Americana for Fun and Profit, New York: McGraw-Hill, →OL, page 207 type: quotation text: This matchbox is a Swedish safety match from the Jönköping match factory. It's manufactured in 1858, just in time for the American Civil War. I like it very much. I guess that makes me something of a phillumenist. ref: 2012 January 23, Jennifer Johnson, “Kit Nelson” (30:10 from the start), in Alcatraz, season 1, episode 3, spoken by Edwin James (Jonny Coyne) type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A person who collects match-related items, like matchbox labels, matchboxes, matchbooks, or matchbook covers. senses_topics:
1987
word: Central African Republic word_type: name expansion: the Central African Republic forms: form: the Central African Republic tags: canonical wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Central Africa. senses_topics:
1988
word: Romania word_type: name expansion: Romania forms: wikipedia: Romania etymology_text: From Romanian român (“Romanian”) (in turn from Latin romanus (“Roman”)) + -ia. Doublet of Romagna. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Southeast Europe. Capital and largest city: Bucharest. senses_topics:
1989
word: Romania word_type: name expansion: Romania forms: wikipedia: Romania etymology_text: From Latin Rōmānia, from Byzantine Greek Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía), itself from Latin rōmānus. senses_examples: text: There is a significant coincidence of dates between several events: the splitting of the Paulician community in Rhomania in consequence of Séryios’s innovations; the breach between Séryios’s partisans and the East Roman Imperial Government, […] ref: 1973, Arnold Joseph Toynbee, Constantine Porphyrogenitus and his world, page 682 type: quotation text: The Doge of Venice was honored with his full title of dominator of one-quarter and one-eighth of the whole Empire of Romania; and he was promised repossession of all the rights and properties that his people had held in Constantinople in the years of the Latin occupation. ref: 1988, Donald M. Nicol, Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations, page 208 type: quotation text: In this letter the basileus informed the Pope that Béla III had attacked Serbia, since he was not content with his own country, “which he acquired with difficulties and with the help of the armies and the money of Rhomania [i.e. Byzantium]”. ref: 1989, Ferenc Makk, The Árpáds and the Comneni: political relations between Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th century, page 110 type: quotation text: The Fourth Crusade ended in 1204 with the Western or Latin conquest of Constantinople and signalled the beginning of a new era in the history of the Byzantine lands or Romania. ref: 1989, David Jacoby, “From Byzantium to Latin Romania: Continuity and Change”, in Latins and Greeks in the Eastern Mediterranean After 1204, page 1 type: quotation text: If the Constantinopolitan Byzantines regarded the Anatolian Turkic territories as lands temporarily lost from their indivisible universal Rhomania, the Turkoman rulers of the twelfth century considered Rhomania as being factually divided between several rulers. ref: 1999, Rustam Shukurov, “Turkoman and Byzantine Self-Identity: Some reflections on the Logic of the Title-Making in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Anatolia”, in Eastern Approaches to Byzantium: Papers from the Thirty-Third Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies type: quotation text: The dramatic fall of Constantinople in 1204 and the Latin conquest of the Empire’s provinces in the following decade resulted in the dismemberment of Romania. ref: 2001, David Jacoby, “Changing Economic Patterns in Latin Romania: The Impact of the West”, in The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World, page 197 type: quotation text: Next to them, the maritime region extending south to the Hellespont is Romania—a Greek nation, though it was once barbarian, and it is returning to barbarism in our own time, now that the empire of the Greeks has been destroyed and the Turks hold sway. The capital city of this country [Thrace] is Byzantium, formerly called Agios. ref: 2013, Aeneas Silvius Piccolomini (Pope Pius II), trans. Robert Brown, Europe (c.1400-1458), page 69 senses_categories: senses_glosses: The Latin or Romance-speaking areas of Europe, collectively. Synonym of Byzantine Empire, also used for its former territories. senses_topics: human-sciences linguistics sciences
1990
word: Romania word_type: name expansion: Romania forms: wikipedia: Romania etymology_text: senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: Obsolete form of Romagna. senses_topics:
1991
word: Mayotte word_type: name expansion: Mayotte forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From French Mayotte, from Arabic مَيِّت (mayyit, “dead”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An archipelago, overseas department, and administrative region of France, formerly an overseas territorial collectivity, located between Africa's mainland and Madagascar senses_topics:
1992
word: Turkmenistan word_type: name expansion: Turkmenistan forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: From Turkmen Türkmenistan, from Türkmen (“Turk-like; Turkmen”) + Classical Persian ـستان (-istān, “-stan”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in Central Asia. Capital: Ashgabat. senses_topics:
1993
word: Cook Islands word_type: name expansion: Cook Islands forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: Named after Captain James Cook. senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: An archipelago and self-governing country in Oceania, in free association with New Zealand. senses_topics:
1994
word: false word_type: adj expansion: false (comparative falser, superlative falsest) forms: form: falser tags: comparative form: falsest tags: superlative wikipedia: false etymology_text: From Middle English false, fals, from Old English fals (“false; counterfeit; fraudulent; wrong; mistaken”), from Latin falsus (“counterfeit, false; falsehood”), perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman and Old French fals, faus. Compare Scots fals, false, Saterland Frisian falsk, German falsch, Dutch vals, Swedish and Danish falsk; all from Latin falsus. Displaced native Middle English les, lese, from Old English lēas (“false”); See lease, leasing. Doublet of faux. The verb is from Middle English falsen, falsien, from Old French falser, from Latin falsō (“falsify”), itself also from falsus; compare French fausser (“to falsify, to distort”). senses_examples: text: Also the rule of false position, with dyuers examples not onely vulgar, but some appertaynyng to the rule of Algeber. ref: 1551, James A.H. Murray, editor, A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles: Founded Mainly on the Materials Collected by the Philological Society, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1888, Part 1, page 217, column 2 type: quotation text: false legislation, false punishment type: example text: false teeth type: example text: a false witness type: example text: a false friend, lover, or subject; false to promises type: example text: She had been in Baton Rouge but a little over two weeks, when suddenly his letters ceased. She awaited in anxious suspense a whole week — no letter. Another week dragged heavily, and her anxiety became a terrible fear. Was he sick and unable to write — was he dead — or, still more terrible thought, had he proved false? ref: 1861, E. J. Guerin, Mountain Charley, page 7 type: quotation text: a false conclusion; a false construction in grammar type: example text: false scorpion (an arachnid) type: example text: false killer whale (a dolphin) type: example text: false powderpost beetles (members of Bostrichidae not in Lyctinae) type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: Untrue, not factual, factually incorrect. Based on factually incorrect premises. Spurious, artificial. Of a state in Boolean logic that indicates a negative result. Uttering falsehood; dishonest or deceitful. Not faithful or loyal, as to obligations, allegiance, vows, etc.; untrue; treacherous. Not well founded; not firm or trustworthy; erroneous. Not essential or permanent, as parts of a structure which are temporary or supplemental. Used in the vernacular name of a species (or group of species) together with the name of another species to which it is similar in appearance. Out of tune. senses_topics: human-sciences logic mathematics philosophy sciences entertainment lifestyle music
1995
word: false word_type: verb expansion: false (third-person singular simple present falses, present participle falsing, simple past and past participle falsed) forms: form: falses tags: present singular third-person form: falsing tags: participle present form: falsed tags: participle past form: falsed tags: past wikipedia: false etymology_text: From Middle English false, fals, from Old English fals (“false; counterfeit; fraudulent; wrong; mistaken”), from Latin falsus (“counterfeit, false; falsehood”), perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman and Old French fals, faus. Compare Scots fals, false, Saterland Frisian falsk, German falsch, Dutch vals, Swedish and Danish falsk; all from Latin falsus. Displaced native Middle English les, lese, from Old English lēas (“false”); See lease, leasing. Doublet of faux. The verb is from Middle English falsen, falsien, from Old French falser, from Latin falsō (“falsify”), itself also from falsus; compare French fausser (“to falsify, to distort”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: To incorrectly decode noise as if it were a valid signal. To violate, to betray (a promise, an agreement, one’s faith, etc.). To counterfeit, to forge. To make false, to corrupt from something true or real. senses_topics: business communications electrical-engineering electricity electromagnetism electronics energy engineering natural-sciences physical-sciences physics telecommunications
1996
word: false word_type: adv expansion: false (comparative more false, superlative most false) forms: form: more false tags: comparative form: most false tags: superlative wikipedia: false etymology_text: From Middle English false, fals, from Old English fals (“false; counterfeit; fraudulent; wrong; mistaken”), from Latin falsus (“counterfeit, false; falsehood”), perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman and Old French fals, faus. Compare Scots fals, false, Saterland Frisian falsk, German falsch, Dutch vals, Swedish and Danish falsk; all from Latin falsus. Displaced native Middle English les, lese, from Old English lēas (“false”); See lease, leasing. Doublet of faux. The verb is from Middle English falsen, falsien, from Old French falser, from Latin falsō (“falsify”), itself also from falsus; compare French fausser (“to falsify, to distort”). senses_examples: senses_categories: senses_glosses: In a dishonest and disloyal way; falsely. senses_topics:
1997
word: false word_type: noun expansion: false (plural falses) forms: form: falses tags: plural wikipedia: false etymology_text: From Middle English false, fals, from Old English fals (“false; counterfeit; fraudulent; wrong; mistaken”), from Latin falsus (“counterfeit, false; falsehood”), perfect passive participle of fallō (“deceive”). Reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman and Old French fals, faus. Compare Scots fals, false, Saterland Frisian falsk, German falsch, Dutch vals, Swedish and Danish falsk; all from Latin falsus. Displaced native Middle English les, lese, from Old English lēas (“false”); See lease, leasing. Doublet of faux. The verb is from Middle English falsen, falsien, from Old French falser, from Latin falsō (“falsify”), itself also from falsus; compare French fausser (“to falsify, to distort”). senses_examples: text: The student received a failing grade for circling every true and false on her quiz. type: example senses_categories: senses_glosses: One of two options on a true-or-false test, that not representing true. senses_topics:
1998
word: North Korea word_type: name expansion: North Korea forms: wikipedia: etymology_text: senses_examples: text: The Little Assembly directed the commission to hold elections "wherever possible" which means, in effect, the United States-occupied zone. Russia, occupying North Korea, has boycotted the commission completely. ref: 1948 March 9 [1948 March 8], “U.N. Officials Fight Korea Voting Plan”, in The Washington Post, number 26,199, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4, column 2 type: quotation text: A few species such as bat, shrew, striped hamster and muskrat are found only in North Korea. Also only in North Korea are tiger, lynx, two species of deer, Manchurian weasel and northern pika in the plateau regions of Paektusan. ref: 1985, H. Edward Kim, “Land and People”, in Facts about Korea, 18th Revised edition, Seoul: Hollym Corporation, →OCLC, page 22 type: quotation text: North Korea is currently experiencing a dire food crisis, with analysts warning the present situation could deteriorate into a similar humanitarian disaster seen during the four-year famine in the mid-1990s — referred to as the "Arduous March" by the regime — which led to the deaths of millions of people. ref: 2023 January 27, Julian Ryall, “North Korea teetering on the brink of a humanitarian crisis”, in DW News, archived from the original on 2023-01-27 type: quotation text: Some 200 hectares of rice paddies in Kangwon Province are reported to have been flooded by tropical storm Khanun, which swept across North Korea last week after battering Japan’s Okinawa. ref: 2023 August 18, Gavin Blair, “Kim Jong-un at typhoon-hit farms as North Korea rebuked over starvation”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-18 type: quotation text: North Korea has traditionally been especially strong in weightlifting, dominating the event at the Jakarta Asian Games in 2018 with eight golds. ref: 2023 September 14, “North Korea set to end years-long sporting isolation at Asian Games”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2023-09-14 type: quotation text: Satellite images show an “unprecedented” number of freight railcars on the border between Russia and North Korea following a summit between the countries’ leaders in which they discussed military cooperation. ref: 2023 October 7, “‘Unprecedented’ freight rail cars on North Korea’s border with Russia: satellite images”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2023-10-08 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A country in East Asia, whose territory consists of the northern part of Korea. Official name: Democratic People's Republic of Korea. Capital: Pyongyang. senses_topics:
1999
word: baggala word_type: noun expansion: baggala (plural baggalas) forms: form: baggalas tags: plural wikipedia: etymology_text: From Arabic بَغْلَة (baḡla, literally “she-mule”). senses_examples: text: A baghla was among the largest Arab ocean-going vessels and displayed some traces of European design. ref: 2020, Sujit Sivasundaram, Waves Across the South, William Collins, published 2021, page 124 type: quotation senses_categories: senses_glosses: A traditional two-masted sailing vessel, used in the Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf. senses_topics: