id stringlengths 1 7 | text stringlengths 154 333k |
|---|---|
2400 | word:
written
word_type:
adj
expansion:
written (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Morphologically write + -en.
senses_examples:
text:
I can speak Japanese fairly well, but I have no understanding whatsoever of written Japanese.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Of, relating, or characteristic of writing (i.e., of that which has been written).
Having been written.
senses_topics:
|
2401 | word:
written
word_type:
verb
expansion:
written
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Morphologically write + -en.
senses_examples:
text:
Has your girlfriend written you a letter yet?
type:
example
text:
The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone,[…]. Scribes, illuminators, and scholars held such stones directly over manuscript pages as an aid in seeing what was being written, drawn, or read.
ref:
2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
past participle of write
senses_topics:
|
2402 | word:
qubit
word_type:
noun
expansion:
qubit (plural qubits)
forms:
form:
qubits
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Blend of quantum + bit, a play on cubit (“historical unit of length”). Coined by American physicist Benjamin Schumacher in 1995.
senses_examples:
text:
Coordinate term: bit
text:
Quantum computing, on the other hand, is based on quantum bits, or qubits.
ref:
2006 March 25, NewScientist, page 42/2
type:
quotation
text:
Each extra qubit in a quantum machine doubles the number of simultaneous operations it can perform.
ref:
2012 February 25, ‘An uncertain future’, The Economist
type:
quotation
text:
Google’s Sycamore computer has all of 53 qubits to its name, as does a new IBM computer, installed online at the company’s Quantum Computation Center in Poughkeepsie, N.Y. System One, IBM’s black cube from tomorrow, only has 20 qubits.
ref:
2019 October 21, Dennis Overbye, “Quantum Computing Is Coming, Bit by Qubit”, in New York Times
type:
quotation
text:
By harnessing that odd behavior, scientists can instead build a quantum bit, or qubit, which stores a combination of 1 and 0. Two qubits can hold four values at once. And as the number of qubits grows, a quantum computer becomes exponentially more powerful.
ref:
2019 October 23, Cade Metz, “Google Claims a Quantum Breakthrough That Could Change Computing”, in New York Times
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A quantum bit; the basic unit of quantum information described by a superposition of two states; a quantum bit in a quantum computer capable of being in a state of superposition.
senses_topics:
|
2403 | word:
army
word_type:
noun
expansion:
army (plural armies)
forms:
form:
armies
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
army
etymology_text:
From (1386) Middle English armee, borrowed from Old French armee (cf. modern French armée), from Medieval Latin armāta (“armed force”), a noun taken from the past participle of Latin armāre (“to arm”), itself related to arma (“tools, arms”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to join, fit together”).
Doublet of armada. Displaced native Old English here and fierd.
senses_examples:
text:
The army received a bigger share of this year's budget increase than the navy or air force.
type:
example
text:
The Fourth Army suffered such losses that its remainders were merged into the Second Army, also deployed on the Western front.
type:
example
text:
An army never can be commanded or controlled by civilians.
ref:
1858, Prince George, letter to Sir Colin Campbell
text:
The army was sent in to quell the uprising.
type:
example
text:
The army opposed the legislature's involvement.
type:
example
text:
It took an army of accountants to uncover the fraud.
type:
example
text:
On sunny days the beaches draw armies of tourists of all kinds.
type:
example
text:
Mr. Tenev, 33, is now in the hot seat again after Robinhood abruptly curtailed its customers’ trading last week amid a frenzy in stocks such as GameStop, which were driven sky high by an army of online investors.
ref:
2021 February 2, Nathaniel Popper, Kellen Browning, Erin Griffith, “Robinhood’s C.E.O. Is in the Hot Seat”, in The New York Times, →ISSN
type:
quotation
text:
Our house is being attacked by an army of ants.
type:
example
text:
There was an army of construction cranes working on building the skyscraper.
type:
example
text:
The People's Liberation Army Navy of China.
type:
example
text:
The Yugoslav Army consisted of the War Navy, Ground Forces, and Air Force.
type:
example
text:
Iran's army consists of the Navy, Ground Forces, and Air Force.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.
Used absolutely for that entire branch of the armed forces.
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.
Within a vast military, a very large tactical contingent (e.g. a number of divisions).
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.
The governmental agency in charge of a state's army.
A large group of people working toward the same purpose.
A large group of social animals working toward the same purpose.
Any multitude.
The military as a whole.
senses_topics:
|
2404 | word:
polygonal
word_type:
adj
expansion:
polygonal (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From polygon + -al.
senses_examples:
text:
Various forms of conductors have been invented, such as wooden and iron pipes, of a round, square, and polygonal section; but at present, scarcely any other than sheet or cast iron pipes are employed.
ref:
1851, Frederick Overman, “Blast Pipes”, in The Manufacture of Iron, in All its Various Branches. […], 2nd edition, Philadelphia: Henry C. Baird, page 413
type:
quotation
text:
The old path paved with polygonal masonry.
ref:
1906, James George Frazer, Attis, Otis, Osiris, page 154
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Having many angles; hence characteristic of a polygon.
Comprised of polygons.
senses_topics:
|
2405 | word:
eleven hundred
word_type:
num
expansion:
eleven hundred
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
one thousand one hundred.
senses_topics:
|
2406 | word:
gas
word_type:
noun
expansion:
gas (countable and uncountable, plural gases or gasses)
forms:
form:
gases
tags:
plural
form:
gasses
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
gas
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Dutch gas, coined by chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont in Ortus Medicinae. Derived from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos, “chasm, void, empty space”); perhaps also inspired by geest (“breath, vapour, spirit”). Doublet of chaos. First attested in 1648.
senses_examples:
text:
Gas-fired power stations have largely replaced coal-burning ones.
type:
example
text:
The artillery fired gas shells into the enemy trenches.
type:
example
text:
Turbines have been around for a long time—windmills and water wheels are early examples. The name comes from the Latin turbo, meaning vortex, and thus the defining property of a turbine is that a fluid or gas turns the blades of a rotor, which is attached to a shaft that can perform useful work.
ref:
2013 July–August, Lee S. Langston, “The Adaptable Gas Turbine”, in American Scientist, archived from the original on 2013-09-07
type:
quotation
text:
A lot of gas had escaped from the cylinder.
type:
example
text:
The atmosphere is made up of a number of different gases.
type:
example
text:
She turned the gas on, put the potatoes on, then lit the oven.
type:
example
text:
My tummy hurts so bad – I have gas.
type:
example
text:
But anyone with that many large brown birds aroost in his cranium and that much gas in his bottom was clearly not a well person.
ref:
2008, Nicholas Drayson, A Guide to the Birds of East Africa, page 72
type:
quotation
text:
Two more girls came in, one in bright pink stretch pants and the other in purple. “Man this place is a gas,” said pink.
ref:
1963 May, Gloria Steinem, “A Bunny's Tale”, in Show Magazine, archived from the original on 2017-10-04
type:
quotation
text:
No it really doesn't matter at all / Life's a gas / I hope it's going to last
ref:
1971, Marc Bolan (lyrics and music), “Life's a Gas”, in Electric Warrior, performed by T. Rex
type:
quotation
text:
Money, it's a gas. Grab that cash with both hands and make a stash.
ref:
1973 March 1, “Money” (track 6), in The Dark Side of the Moon, performed by Pink Floyd
type:
quotation
text:
Once I had a love and it was a gas / Soon turned out had a heart of glass
ref:
1978, “Heart of Glass”, in Parallel Lines, performed by Blondie
type:
quotation
text:
Be a man, Be a man / Belsen was a gas / Be a man, kill someone
ref:
1979, “Belsen Was a Gas”, in The Great Rock ‛n’ Roll Swindle, performed by Sex Pistols
type:
quotation
text:
One two! I was born in a cross-fire hurricane. And I howled at the maw in the drivin' rain. But it's all right now, in fact, it's a gas. But it's all right. I'm Jumpin' Jack Flash. It's a gas, gas, gas.
ref:
2011 October 11, “Jumping Jack Flash (Live 1973)” (track 14), in Brussels Affair (Live 1973), performed by The Rolling Stones
type:
quotation
text:
Bang, little boy, stop with the gas / Little T, man he chats up his ass
ref:
2017 July 1, “About That”, performed by Soph Aspin and Millie B
type:
quotation
text:
The closer threw him nothing but gas.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid (or in a bubble of liquid, or held together by gravitational pull); it can condense into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a solid directly by deposition.
A flammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture used as a fuel, e.g. for cooking, heating, electricity generation or as a fuel in internal combustion engines in vehicles, especially natural gas.
Matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid (or in a bubble of liquid, or held together by gravitational pull); it can condense into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a solid directly by deposition.
Poison gas.
Matter in an intermediate state between liquid and plasma that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a solid (or in a bubble of liquid, or held together by gravitational pull); it can condense into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a solid directly by deposition.
A chemical element or compound in such a state.
A hob on a gas cooker.
Methane or other waste gases trapped in one's belly as a result of the digestive process; flatus.
The supply of natural gas, as a utility.
A humorous or entertaining event, person, or thing.
Frothy or boastful talk; chatter.
A fastball.
Arterial or venous blood gas.
senses_topics:
chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
chemistry
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
war
chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
business
ball-games
baseball
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
medicine
sciences |
2407 | word:
gas
word_type:
verb
expansion:
gas (third-person singular simple present gases or gasses, present participle gassing, simple past and past participle gassed)
forms:
form:
gases
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
gasses
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
gassing
tags:
participle
present
form:
gassed
tags:
participle
past
form:
gassed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
gas
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Dutch gas, coined by chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont in Ortus Medicinae. Derived from Ancient Greek χάος (kháos, “chasm, void, empty space”); perhaps also inspired by geest (“breath, vapour, spirit”). Doublet of chaos. First attested in 1648.
senses_examples:
text:
The Nazis gassed millions of Jews during the Holocaust.
type:
example
text:
He never fully recovered after he was gassed on the Western Front.
type:
example
text:
"He's been waiting to jump my brain-bones since I left R&E. I could feel him hammering on the door." She trotted to the nearest wall and knocked on it for emphasis. "But whatever it is that makes us remember the good old days, it also makes us impossible to possess now. That's why Willie and I both woke up, and why Noè never got taken out by Mukami. So all I had to do was open my mind up to the guy, invite him in, then... gas the foyer, as it were."
ref:
2023 October 14, HarryBlank, “Face Time”, in SCP Foundation, archived from the original on 2024-05-23
type:
quotation
text:
[…] (it was the town's humour to be always gassing of phantom investors who were likely to come any moment and pay a thousand prices for everything) — “[…] Them rich fellers, they don't make no bad breaks with their money. […]”
ref:
1899, Stephen Crane, chapter 1, in Twelve O'Clock
type:
quotation
text:
"Well don't keep on gassing about it," said Digory.
ref:
1955, C. S. Lewis, chapter 3, in The Magician's Nephew, Collins, published 1998
type:
quotation
text:
I went shop and the boss man said "Don't pay me it's fine" and I said ...(whaaat): "You ain't gotta gas, I'm gas fam" ( don't gas me), "You ain't gotta gas, I'm gas fam".
ref:
2018 September 14, “Don't Gas Me” (track 1), in Don't Gas Me, performed by Dizzy Rascal
type:
quotation
text:
The battery cell was gassing.
type:
example
text:
to gas lime with chlorine in the manufacture of bleaching powder
type:
example
text:
to gas thread
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To attack or kill with poison gas.
To use poison gas in (a volume or area) to attack or kill someone or something.
To talk in a boastful or vapid way; to chatter.
To impose upon by talking boastfully.
To emit gas.
To impregnate with gas.
To singe, as in a gas flame, so as to remove loose fibers.
senses_topics:
|
2408 | word:
gas
word_type:
noun
expansion:
gas (countable and uncountable, plural gases or gasses)
forms:
form:
gases
tags:
plural
form:
gasses
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
gas
etymology_text:
Clipping of gasoline.
senses_examples:
text:
Coordinate term: Ether
text:
gas fee
type:
example
text:
Gas is the fuel of Ethereum. Gas is not ether–it's a separate virtual currency with its own exchange rate against ether. Ethereum uses gas to control the amount of resources that transactions can use[…]
ref:
2018, Andreas M. Antonopoulos, Gavin Wood, Mastering Ethereum: Building Smart Contracts and DApps, O'Reilly Media
type:
quotation
text:
The average “gas fee” – transaction cost – of an Ethereum transaction is between US$85 and US $156, according to crypto.com data.
ref:
2021 November 6, Ben Butler, “Australian banks are opening up to cryptocurrency: what does it mean for you?”, in The Guardian
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Gasoline, a light derivative of petroleum used as fuel.
Ellipsis of gas pedal; accelerator.
An internal virtual currency used in Ethereum to pay for certain operations, such as blockchain transactions.
Marijuana, typically of high quality.
senses_topics:
business
cryptocurrencies
cryptocurrency
finance
|
2409 | word:
gas
word_type:
verb
expansion:
gas (third-person singular simple present gases or gasses, present participle gassing, simple past and past participle gassed)
forms:
form:
gases
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
gasses
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
gassing
tags:
participle
present
form:
gassed
tags:
participle
past
form:
gassed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
gas
etymology_text:
Clipping of gasoline.
senses_examples:
text:
The cops are coming. Gas it!
type:
example
text:
Between 0945 and 1020 six definite explosions were reported in the hangar. Explosions at 0945 and 1006 were described as minor while those at 1002, 1003 and 1005 were classed as major explosions and the explosion at 1020 was described as a heavy explosion but less severe than some previous ones. The cause of these explosions was not reported and can only be estimated from the damage sustained by the ship and the known condition of loading. Each of the six torpedo planes spotted in the hangar was armed with one Mark 13, torpex-loaded torpedo and was fully gassed, including auxiliary wing tanks. Explosions in the hangar therefore might have been either detonations of torpedoes or gasoline vapor explosions.
ref:
1947 October 30, Bureau of Ships, “SECTION III - DISCUSSION”, in U.S.S. Princeton (CVL23): Loss in Action, Battle for Leyte Gulf, 24 October 1944, United States Hydrographic Office, archived from the original on 2024-06-25, B. Fires and Explosions in Hangar., page 8
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To increase the fuel flow to a vehicle's engine in order to accelerate it.
To fill (a vehicle's fuel tank) with fuel.
senses_topics:
|
2410 | word:
gas
word_type:
adj
expansion:
gas (comparative gasser, superlative gassest)
forms:
form:
gasser
tags:
comparative
form:
gassest
tags:
superlative
wikipedia:
gas
etymology_text:
Compare the slang usage of "a gas", above.
senses_examples:
text:
Mary's new boyfriend is a gas man.
type:
example
text:
It was gas when the bird flew into the classroom.
type:
example
text:
The other models were gas fun, though they were all a bit hoity-toity.
ref:
2016, Liz Nugent, Lying In Wait, page 113
type:
quotation
text:
I went shop and the boss man said "Don't pay me it's fine" and I said ...(whaaat): "You ain't gotta gas, I'm gas fam" ( don't gas me), "You ain't gotta gas, I'm gas fam".
ref:
2018 September 14, “Don't Gas Me” (track 1), in Don't Gas Me, performed by Dizzy Rascal
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Comical, zany; fun, amusing.
senses_topics:
|
2411 | word:
radio
word_type:
noun
expansion:
radio (countable and uncountable, plural radios)
forms:
form:
radios
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Short for radiotelegraphy.
senses_examples:
text:
send a message by radio
type:
example
text:
We heard a lovely song on the radio.
type:
example
text:
David Bowie's classic hit Space Oddity will be looping on the radio as the car is hurled into an elliptical orbit that stretches out to Mars' orbit around the Sun.
ref:
2018 February 6, Jonathan Amos, “Elon Musk's huge Falcon Heavy rocket set for launch”, in BBC News, London, United Kingdom: BBC, retrieved 2018-02-07
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The technology that allows for the transmission of sound or other signals by modulation of electromagnetic waves.
A device that can capture (receive) the signal sent over radio waves and render the modulated signal as sound.
An on-board entertainment system in a car, usually including a radio receiver as well as the capability to play audio from recorded media; see also car radio.
A device that can transmit radio signals.
The continuous broadcasting of sound via the Internet in the style of traditional radio.
senses_topics:
|
2412 | word:
radio
word_type:
verb
expansion:
radio (third-person singular simple present radios, present participle radioing, simple past and past participle radioed)
forms:
form:
radios
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
radioing
tags:
participle
present
form:
radioed
tags:
participle
past
form:
radioed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Short for radiotelegraphy.
senses_examples:
text:
I think the boat is sinking; we'd better radio for help. / I radioed him already. / Radio the coordinates this time. / OK. I radioed them the coordinates.
text:
“Could you call them here? I'd like to talk to them. Or if they're out in the field, radio them in.”
ref:
2002, Jack Dave, Death Bridge, iUniverse, page 40
type:
quotation
text:
When I told him that they weren't back yet, he asked if we could radio them back early […] Radioing them in was fine with me.
ref:
2006, Angie Morgan with Courtney Lynch, Leading from the front: no excuse leadership tactics for women, page 111
type:
quotation
text:
When she arrived, she was told that Tad wasn't there and to have a seat and wait while they radioed him in.
ref:
2006, Kimberly Johnson, Amy's Secret, page 14
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To use two-way radio to transmit (a message) (to another radio or other radio operator).
To order or assist (to a location), using telecommunications.
senses_topics:
|
2413 | word:
trapezoid
word_type:
noun
expansion:
trapezoid (plural trapezoids)
forms:
form:
trapezoids
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
trapezoid
etymology_text:
From Ancient Greek τραπέζιον (trapézion, “irregular quadrilateral”, literally “a little table”) + -oid (“resembling”).
senses_examples:
text:
There was a trapezoid of light on his shoulder, some bright fragment torn from a greater plane.
ref:
2023, Brandon Taylor, The Late Americans, Jonathan Cape, page 178
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A (convex) quadrilateral with two (non-adjacent) parallel sides.
A convex quadrilateral with no sides parallel.
The trapezoid bone of the wrist.
senses_topics:
geometry
mathematics
sciences
geometry
mathematics
sciences
anatomy
medicine
sciences |
2414 | word:
Jordan
word_type:
name
expansion:
Jordan (countable and uncountable, plural Jordans)
forms:
form:
Jordans
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Jordan (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Latin Iordanēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs), from Biblical Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén, “Jordan (river)”). Doublet of Yarden.
senses_examples:
text:
Early the next morning I met with King Hussein of Jordan and then drove to the airport with the shah. All three of us agreed that we ought to give Sadat our support, and on the basis for a Middle East peace.
ref:
2011 [1978 January 1], Jimmy Carter, White House Diary, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 159
type:
quotation
text:
Man Wah Sun Chuen in Jordan is one of Hong Kong’s oldest private housing estates.
ref:
2022 October 9, Yanni Chow, “‘This is our home’: ethnic minority residents of Jordan’s Man Wah Sun Chuen estate may lose community to redevelopment”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-10, News
type:
quotation
text:
At least five people have died and over 30 have been injured after a fire broke out in a building in Jordan on Wednesday morning.
ref:
2024 April 10, Hillary Leung, “At least 5 dead, over 30 injured after fire in Hong Kong building”, in Hong Kong Free Press, archived from the original on 2024-04-12, Hong Kong
type:
quotation
text:
I call him Jordan and it will do. He has no other name before or after. What was there to call him, fished as he was from the stinking Thames? A child can't be called Thames, no and not Nile either, for all his likeness to Moses. But I wanted to give him a river name, a name not bound to anything, just as the waters aren't bound to anything.
ref:
1989, Jeanette Winterson, Sexing the Cherry, Grove Press, published 1998, pages 3–4
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A placename:
A river in Western Asia, in the Middle East, that empties into the Dead Sea, flowing through Israel, the Golan Heights, the West Bank and Jordan.
A placename:
A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East. Official name: Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Capital and largest city: Amman
A placename:
The name of other rivers around the world, listed under Jordan River (disambiguation).
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Washington Township, Daviess County, Indiana.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Morgan Township, Owen County, Indiana.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Boone County, Iowa.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Fulton County, Kentucky.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
A city in Scott County, Minnesota.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
A neighbourhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Hickory County, Missouri.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
A small town, the county seat of Garfield County, Montana.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
A village in Onondaga County, New York.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Johnston County, North Carolina.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Linn County, Oregon.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
A town in Green County, Wisconsin.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Hull, Portage County, Wisconsin.
A placename:
A number of places in the United States:
A number of townships in the United States, listed under Jordan Township.
A placename:
A community of Lincoln, Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario, Canada.
A placename:
A small suburb of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England (OS grid ref SK4092).
A placename:
An area in Yau Tsim Mong district, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
A placename:
A municipality, the capital of Guimaras province, Western Visayas, Philippines.
A unisex given name from Hebrew
A male given name from Hebrew; in the Middle Ages given to children baptized with Jordan water brought by crusaders.
A unisex given name from Hebrew
A female given name from Hebrew, of mid-20th century and later usage.
A surname transferred from the given name derived from the male given name.
senses_topics:
|
2415 | word:
bot
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bot (plural bots)
forms:
form:
bots
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
bot
etymology_text:
Possibly a modification of Scottish Gaelic boiteag (“maggot”).
senses_examples:
text:
One deer, later found to be heavily parasitized by bots, suffered severe vomiting attacks during the early spring.
ref:
1946, Canadian Journal of Research: Zoological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, page 76
type:
quotation
text:
Jerry prepared a glass jar with sterilized sand to act as a nursery for his pulsating bot, but despite his tender ministrations the larva dried out and died before it could encase itself in a pupal sheath.
ref:
1984, Adrian Forsyth, Kenneth Miyata, Tropical Nature, page 157
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The larva of a botfly, which infests the skin of various mammals, producing warbles, or the nasal passage of sheep, or the stomach of horses.
senses_topics:
|
2416 | word:
bot
word_type:
verb
expansion:
bot (third-person singular simple present bots, present participle botting, simple past and past participle botted)
forms:
form:
bots
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
botting
tags:
participle
present
form:
botted
tags:
participle
past
form:
botted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
bot
etymology_text:
From bottom.
senses_examples:
text:
Can I bot a smoke?
type:
example
text:
Jonny always bots off me. I just wish he’d get his own pack.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To bugger.
To ask for and be given something with the direct intention of exploiting the thing’s usefulness, almost exclusively with cigarettes.
senses_topics:
|
2417 | word:
bot
word_type:
noun
expansion:
bot (plural bots)
forms:
form:
bots
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
bot
etymology_text:
Clipping of robot.
senses_examples:
text:
I stared at the bot and recognized her for the first time. She was me.
ref:
1998, David G. Hartwell, editor, Year's best SF 3, page 130
type:
quotation
text:
As he guided the bot, Andrews reminisced about his younger days in Wyoming, when he had witnessed a mishandled load of wheat puff out a dusty fog.
ref:
2005, Greg Bear, Quantico, page 71
type:
quotation
text:
The bot juddered to a halt, as the whole lower segment of its power arm darkened.
ref:
2007, Peter F. Hamilton, The Dreaming Void
type:
quotation
text:
The goals of IRC bots vary widely, such as automatically kicking other users off or more nefarious things like spamming other IRC users. In this paper, a free standing IRC bot is presented that monitors an IRC channel for commands from a particular user and responds accordingly.
ref:
2009, Ryan Farley, Xinyuan Wang, “Roving Bugnet: Distributed Surveillance Threat and Mitigation”, in Dimitris Gritzalis, Javier López, editors, Emerging Challenges for Security, Privacy and Trust: 24th IFIP TC 11 International Information Security Conference, page 42
type:
quotation
text:
He is particularly good at creating web robots, which are also called bots. A bot is software that searches for certain kinds of websites and then automatically does something — good or bad — on each site. Google uses bots to search and index websites.
ref:
2009, Richard K. Neumann, Legal Reasoning and Legal Writing: Structure, Strategy, and Style, page 91
type:
quotation
text:
Twitter bots can leverage Twitter′s text message support to allow users to accomplish tasks from their cell phones. You could consider Twitter accounts that are simply an automated import of blog′s RSS feed a Twitter bot.
ref:
2010, Dusty Reagan, Twitter Application Development For Dummies, page 59
type:
quotation
text:
Overall, bots—good and bad—are responsible for 52 percent of web traffic, according to a new report by the security firm Imperva, which issues an annual assessment of bot activity online.
ref:
2017 January 31, Adrienne LaFrance, “The Internet Is Mostly Bots”, in The Atlantic, retrieved 2021-09-01
type:
quotation
text:
Most games offer both single player mode, in which a player competes against computer rivals—bots—and a multiplayer mode, which is a contest among people only.
ref:
2012, Philip Hingston, Believable Bots: Can Computers Play Like People?, Springer Science & Business Media, page 232
type:
quotation
text:
"That lobby was bronze negative 10!" Aydan joked on-stream, noting how easy it felt for his squad. "We got blessed with the lobby. It was such a bot lobby."
ref:
2021 March 6, Aydan Conrad (quoted), Wesley Yin-Poole, “Call of Duty: Warzone squad sets new world record with an astonishing 162 kills in a single game”, in Eurogamer
type:
quotation
text:
The meaning of the word "bot" on Twitter/X seems to have shifted over time, with people originally using it to flag automated accounts, but now employing it to insult people they disagree with]
ref:
[2024 June 10, Chris Stokel-Walker, “The word ‘bot’ is increasingly being used as an insult on social media”, in New Scientist, →ISSN, retrieved 2024-06-10
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A physical robot.
A piece of software designed to perform a minor but repetitive task automatically or on command, especially when operating with the appearance of a (human) user profile or account.
A computer-controlled character in a video game, especially a multiplayer one.
A supremely unskilled player.
A person with no ability to think for themselves.
senses_topics:
literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
video-games
video-games
|
2418 | word:
bot
word_type:
verb
expansion:
bot (third-person singular simple present bots, present participle botting, simple past and past participle botted)
forms:
form:
bots
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
botting
tags:
participle
present
form:
botted
tags:
participle
past
form:
botted
tags:
past
wikipedia:
bot
etymology_text:
Clipping of robot.
senses_examples:
text:
Players caught botting will be banned from the server.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To use a bot, or automated program.
senses_topics:
video-games |
2419 | word:
henna
word_type:
noun
expansion:
henna (countable and uncountable, plural hennas)
forms:
form:
hennas
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
henna
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Arabic حِنَّاء (ḥinnāʔ), the name of the tree used to make the dye, probably from Middle Persian [script needed] (*hannāy-, “to smear, anoint”).
senses_examples:
text:
henna:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A shrub, Lawsonia inermis, having fragrant reddish flowers
A reddish plant substance, prepared from the dried leaves of this plant, used for temporary tattoos and hair coloring. Hair colorings range from bright red to earth brown to near black.
A rich reddish-brown colour.
senses_topics:
|
2420 | word:
henna
word_type:
adj
expansion:
henna (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
henna
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Arabic حِنَّاء (ḥinnāʔ), the name of the tree used to make the dye, probably from Middle Persian [script needed] (*hannāy-, “to smear, anoint”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Of a rich reddish-brown colour.
senses_topics:
|
2421 | word:
henna
word_type:
verb
expansion:
henna (third-person singular simple present hennas, present participle hennaing, simple past and past participle hennaed)
forms:
form:
hennas
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
hennaing
tags:
participle
present
form:
hennaed
tags:
participle
past
form:
hennaed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
henna
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Arabic حِنَّاء (ḥinnāʔ), the name of the tree used to make the dye, probably from Middle Persian [script needed] (*hannāy-, “to smear, anoint”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To dye or tattoo with henna.
senses_topics:
|
2422 | word:
accent
word_type:
noun
expansion:
accent (countable and uncountable, plural accents)
forms:
form:
accents
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
accent
etymology_text:
From Middle English accent, from Medieval Latin accentus and Old French accent, acent, both from Latin accentus, past participle of accinō (“sing to, sing along”). The word accent had been borrowed into Old English already, but was lost and reborrowed in Middle English.
senses_examples:
text:
In the word "careful", the accent is placed on the first syllable.
type:
example
text:
At this hotel, the accent is on luxury.
type:
example
text:
The name Cézanne is written with an acute accent.
type:
example
text:
The tender Accent of a Woman's Cry / Will pass unheard, will unregarded die;
ref:
1696, Matthew Prior, “From Celia to Damon”, in Poems on Several Occasions
type:
quotation
text:
And he repeated her words with such assurance of accent, such boastful pretence of amazement, that she could not help replying with quickness …
ref:
1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume I, chapter 15
type:
quotation
text:
My professor's accent is so thick that it's difficult to understand her lectures.
type:
example
text:
She spoke with a strong accent that betrayed her southern roots.
type:
example
text:
I was surprised to learn that he was an immigrant, as he spoke without any accent.
type:
example
text:
They were all Middle Eastern types but spoke French without any accent.
ref:
2015 November 14, Adam Gopnik, quoting Célia, “Terror Strikes in Paris”, in The New Yorker, archived from the original on 2022-12-19
type:
quotation
text:
Growing up in the Rhondda and having a strong accent was never a problem for me and my voice never really stood out from the crowd.
ref:
2016 June 8, Tyler Mears, “I used to hide my Valleys accent in case people thought I was less intelligent - which was completely stupid”, in WalesOnline, archived from the original on 2023-01-10
type:
quotation
text:
It's really hard to get in an audition room when you have an accent. Rather than being treated as the other people, you are falling into a category of foreigners who can't really maintain the role.
ref:
2018 January 24, Lakshine Sathiyanathan, Lisa Xing, quoting Mariya Miloshevych, “Why some people try to chip away at their accent”, in CBC News, archived from the original on 2022-12-09
type:
quotation
text:
Why go to the effort of writing in a character with an Indian name played by an Indian actor whose main personality trait is that he is stupid and has an accent?
ref:
2020 December 30, Christi Carras, quoting Rishi Maharaj, “'Schitt's Creek' star Rizwan Manji defends his character's Indian accent”, in Los Angeles Times, archived from the original on 2022-12-09
type:
quotation
text:
But over the years, even after perfecting "accent-less" English, graduating from college, getting a job at Goldman Sachs, and becoming an American citizen, Arce still felt like she didn't belong.
ref:
2022 March 22, Elise Hu, Jinae West, Jordana Hochman, Andrea Gutierrez, “Rejecting assimilation in 'You Sound Like a White Girl'”, in NPR, archived from the original on 2022-12-09
type:
quotation
text:
I believe I still retain some of my hearing accent when I use American Sign Language.
ref:
2008, Jeremy Linn Brunson, The Practice and Organization of Sign Language, page 76
type:
quotation
text:
Cheesesteaks, Peanut Chews, Tastykakes, oh yeah, the Liberty Bell — there's so much to love about Philadelphia, but one of the best things about the city of Brotherly Love is the accent. We're not talking about spoken English — we're talking about American Sign Language.
ref:
2015 November 5, Nina Porzucki, The World, archived from the original on 2022-12-07
type:
quotation
text:
a foreign accent
type:
example
text:
a broad Irish accent
type:
example
text:
a hint of a German accent
type:
example
text:
accent color
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A higher-pitched or stronger (louder or longer) articulation of a particular syllable of a word or phrase in order to distinguish it from the others or to emphasize it.
Emphasis or importance in general.
A mark or character used in writing, in order to indicate the place of the spoken accent, or to indicate the nature or quality of the vowel marked.
Modulation of the voice in speaking; the manner of speaking or pronouncing; a peculiar or characteristic modification of the voice, expressing emotion; tone.
The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect.
A manner of pronunciation suggesting that the speaker is from a different region; a foreign accent.
The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect.
A distinctive manner of producing a sign language, such as someone who does not normally use a certain sign language might have when using it.
The distinctive manner of pronouncing a language associated with a particular region, social group, etc., whether of a native speaker or a foreign speaker; the phonetic and phonological aspects of a dialect.
A word; a significant tone or sound.
Expressions in general; speech.
Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse.
A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to mark the beginning, and, more feebly, the third part of the measure.
A special emphasis of a tone, even in the weaker part of the measure.
A mark used to represent this special emphasis.
The rhythmical accent, which marks phrases and sections of a period.
A prime symbol.
Emphasis laid on a part of an artistic design or composition; an emphasized detail, in particular a detail in sharp contrast to its surroundings.
A very small gemstone set into a piece of jewellery.
Utterance.
senses_topics:
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
communications
journalism
literature
media
orthography
publishing
writing
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
social-science
sociolinguistics
sociology
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
social-science
sociolinguistics
sociology
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
social-science
sociolinguistics
sociology
communications
human-sciences
journalism
linguistics
literature
media
phonology
poetry
prosody
publishing
sciences
writing
entertainment
lifestyle
music
entertainment
lifestyle
music
entertainment
lifestyle
music
entertainment
lifestyle
music
mathematics
sciences
|
2423 | word:
accent
word_type:
verb
expansion:
accent (third-person singular simple present accents, present participle accenting, simple past and past participle accented)
forms:
form:
accents
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
accenting
tags:
participle
present
form:
accented
tags:
participle
past
form:
accented
tags:
past
wikipedia:
accent
etymology_text:
From Middle French accenter, from Old French accenter, from Latin accentō, from accentus.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To express the accent of vocally; to utter with accent.
To mark emphatically; to emphasize; to accentuate; to make prominent.
To mark with written accents.
senses_topics:
|
2424 | word:
hell
word_type:
name
expansion:
hell
forms:
wikipedia:
hell
etymology_text:
From Middle English helle, from Old English hell, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō (“concealed place, netherworld”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal, save”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hälle (“hell”), West Frisian hel (“hell”), Dutch hel (“hell”), German Low German Hell (“hell”), German Hölle (“hell”), Norwegian helvete (“hell”), Icelandic hel (“the abode of the dead, death”). Also related to the Hel of Germanic mythology. See also hele.
senses_examples:
text:
May you rot in hell!
type:
example
text:
Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven.
ref:
1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost
type:
quotation
text:
Hell is a strait and dark and foul-smelling prison, an abode of demons and lost souls, filled with fire and smoke.
ref:
1916, James Joyce, Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A place of torment where some or all sinners and evil spirits are believed to go after death.
senses_topics:
|
2425 | word:
hell
word_type:
noun
expansion:
hell (countable and uncountable, plural hells)
forms:
form:
hells
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
hell
etymology_text:
From Middle English helle, from Old English hell, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō (“concealed place, netherworld”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal, save”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hälle (“hell”), West Frisian hel (“hell”), Dutch hel (“hell”), German Low German Hell (“hell”), German Hölle (“hell”), Norwegian helvete (“hell”), Icelandic hel (“the abode of the dead, death”). Also related to the Hel of Germanic mythology. See also hele.
senses_examples:
text:
My new boss is making my job a hell.
type:
example
text:
I went through hell to get home today.
type:
example
text:
callback hell; <table> hell; <div> hell (computer programming)
type:
example
text:
1879, General William T. Sherman, commencement address at the Michigan Military Academy
There is many a boy here today who looks on war as all glory, but, boys, it is all hell.
type:
quotation
text:
Why, am I dying? / Kill, have no fear / Lie, live off lying / Hell, hell is here
ref:
1986, “Disposable Heroes”, in Metallica (music), Master of Puppets
type:
quotation
text:
So how do the scientists cope with their work being ignored for decades, and living in a world their findings indicate is on a “highway to hell”?.
ref:
2024 May 8, Damian Carrington, “‘Hopeless and broken’: why the world’s top climate scientists are in despair. World’s top climate scientists expect global heating to blast past 1.5C target”, in The Guardian, UK
type:
quotation
text:
a convenient little gambling hell for those who had grown reckless
ref:
1877, William Black, Green Pastures and Piccadilly
type:
quotation
text:
You don’t have a snowball's chance in hell.
type:
example
text:
I’m as mad as hell and I’m not going to take it any more.
type:
example
text:
What the hell is wrong with you?!
type:
example
text:
He says he’s going home early? Like hell he is.
type:
example
text:
That steep staircase is hell on my knees.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A place or situation of great suffering in life.
A place for gambling.
An extremely hot place.
Used as an intensifier in phrases grammatically requiring a noun.
A place into which a tailor throws shreds, or a printer discards broken type.
In certain games of chase, a place to which those who are caught are carried for detention.
Something extremely painful or harmful (to)
senses_topics:
|
2426 | word:
hell
word_type:
intj
expansion:
hell
forms:
wikipedia:
hell
etymology_text:
From Middle English helle, from Old English hell, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō (“concealed place, netherworld”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal, save”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hälle (“hell”), West Frisian hel (“hell”), Dutch hel (“hell”), German Low German Hell (“hell”), German Hölle (“hell”), Norwegian helvete (“hell”), Icelandic hel (“the abode of the dead, death”). Also related to the Hel of Germanic mythology. See also hele.
senses_examples:
text:
Oh, hell! I got another parking ticket.
type:
example
text:
Hell, yeah!
type:
example
text:
Do it, or, rest assured, there will be no more Middle Eastern crisis – hell, there will be no more Middle East!
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Used to express discontent, unhappiness, or anger.
Used to emphasize.
Used to introduce an intensified statement following an understated one; nay; not only that, but.
senses_topics:
|
2427 | word:
hell
word_type:
adv
expansion:
hell (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
hell
etymology_text:
From Middle English helle, from Old English hell, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō (“concealed place, netherworld”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal, save”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hälle (“hell”), West Frisian hel (“hell”), Dutch hel (“hell”), German Low German Hell (“hell”), German Hölle (“hell”), Norwegian helvete (“hell”), Icelandic hel (“the abode of the dead, death”). Also related to the Hel of Germanic mythology. See also hele.
senses_examples:
text:
That was hell good!
type:
example
text:
They're hell sexy.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Alternative form of the hell or like hell.
Very; used to emphasize strongly.
senses_topics:
|
2428 | word:
hell
word_type:
verb
expansion:
hell (third-person singular simple present hells, present participle helling, simple past and past participle helled)
forms:
form:
hells
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
helling
tags:
participle
present
form:
helled
tags:
participle
past
form:
helled
tags:
past
wikipedia:
hell
etymology_text:
From Middle English helle, from Old English hell, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō (“concealed place, netherworld”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal, save”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hälle (“hell”), West Frisian hel (“hell”), Dutch hel (“hell”), German Low German Hell (“hell”), German Hölle (“hell”), Norwegian helvete (“hell”), Icelandic hel (“the abode of the dead, death”). Also related to the Hel of Germanic mythology. See also hele.
senses_examples:
text:
I had already lost thirteen points, all because she had to come helling in there at twelve, worrying me about that letter.
ref:
1929, William Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury
type:
quotation
text:
He was helling down the road with his radio blaring.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To make hellish; to place (someone) in hell; to make (a place) into a hell.
To hurry, rush.
To move quickly and loudly; to raise hell as part of motion.
senses_topics:
|
2429 | word:
hell
word_type:
verb
expansion:
hell (third-person singular simple present hells, present participle helling, simple past and past participle helled)
forms:
form:
hells
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
helling
tags:
participle
present
form:
helled
tags:
participle
past
form:
helled
tags:
past
wikipedia:
hell
etymology_text:
From German hellen (“to brighten, burnish”). Related to Dutch hel (“clear, bright”) and German hell (“clear, bright”).
senses_examples:
text:
To hell gold or gilt workː take two ounces of tartar, two ounces of sulfur.. and it will give it a fine luster.
ref:
1770, Godfrey Smith, The Laboratory: Or, School of Arts
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To add luster to; to burnish (silver or gold).
senses_topics:
|
2430 | word:
hell
word_type:
verb
expansion:
hell (third-person singular simple present hells, present participle helling, simple past and past participle helled)
forms:
form:
hells
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
helling
tags:
participle
present
form:
helled
tags:
participle
past
form:
helled
tags:
past
wikipedia:
hell
etymology_text:
From Middle English hellen, from Old Norse hella (“to pour”), from Proto-Germanic *halþijaną (“to incline, tip; to pour out, empty”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to lean, incline”). Cognate with Icelandic hella (“to pour”), Norwegian helle (“to pour”), Swedish hälla (“to pour”). See also English hield.
senses_examples:
text:
18th century, Josiah Relph, The Harvest; or Bashful Shepherd
Gosh, the sickle went into me handː Down hell'd the bluid.
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To pour.
senses_topics:
|
2431 | word:
two thousand
word_type:
num
expansion:
two thousand
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The cardinal number occurring after one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine and before two thousand and one.
senses_topics:
|
2432 | word:
fourteen
word_type:
num
expansion:
fourteen
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English fourtene, from Old English fēowertīene, from Proto-Germanic *fedurtehun. Cognate with West Frisian fjirtjin, Dutch veertien, German vierzehn, Danish fjorten. Equivalent to four + -teen.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The cardinal number occurring after thirteen and before fifteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIV and in Arabic numerals as 14.
senses_topics:
|
2433 | word:
duel
word_type:
noun
expansion:
duel (plural duels)
forms:
form:
duels
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Middle French duel, from Medieval Latin duellum (“fight between two men”), under influence from Latin duo, from Old Latin duellum (whence Latin bellum (“war”)).
senses_examples:
text:
It has been 200 years, minus a few days, since Vice President Aaron Burr fatally shot Alexander Hamilton in a duel here. Weehawken and the duel have been tied together in an often-uncomfortable knot ever since.
ref:
2004 July 5, Jason George, “A Duel Evokes Dueling Emotions Over a Unique Place in History”, in The New York Times, →ISSN
type:
quotation
text:
a sniper duel
type:
example
text:
But it leaves them with a few destroyers, the American destroyer force is falling back, and then you have the two cruiser lines with their respective battleships coming in for the big duel.
ref:
2019 March 6, Drachinifel, 25:33 from the start, in The Battle of Samar (Alternate History) - Bring on the Battleships!, archived from the original on 2022-07-20
type:
quotation
text:
Apple comes out swinging in the duel of the data titans [title]
ref:
2021 May 1, John Naughton, “Apple comes out swinging in the duel of the data titans”, in The Guardian
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Arranged, regular combat between two private persons, often over a matter of honor.
Historically, the wager of battle (judicial combat).
Any battle or struggle between two contending persons, forces, groups, or ideas.
senses_topics:
|
2434 | word:
duel
word_type:
verb
expansion:
duel (third-person singular simple present duels, present participle (US) dueling or (UK) duelling, simple past and past participle (US) dueled or (UK) duelled)
forms:
form:
duels
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
dueling
tags:
US
participle
present
form:
duelling
tags:
UK
participle
present
form:
dueled
tags:
US
participle
past
form:
dueled
tags:
US
past
form:
duelled
tags:
UK
participle
past
form:
duelled
tags:
UK
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Middle French duel, from Medieval Latin duellum (“fight between two men”), under influence from Latin duo, from Old Latin duellum (whence Latin bellum (“war”)).
senses_examples:
text:
The two dogs were duelling for the bone.
type:
example
text:
The country’s fencing federation has officially recognised lightsaber duelling as a competitive sport, granting the weapon from George Lucas’s space saga the same status as the foil, epee and sabre, the traditional blades used at the Olympics.
ref:
2019 February 19, “Lightsaber duelling registered as official sport in France”, in The Guardian
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To engage in a battle.
senses_topics:
|
2435 | word:
market
word_type:
noun
expansion:
market (plural markets)
forms:
form:
markets
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
market
etymology_text:
From Middle English market, from late Old English market (“market”) and Anglo-Norman markiet (Old French marchié); both ultimately from Latin mercātus (“trade, market”), from mercor (“I trade, deal in, buy”), itself derived from merx (“wares, merchandise”). Cognate with West Frisian merk, Dutch markt, Old High German Markt.
senses_examples:
text:
The right to hold a weekly market was an invaluable privilege not given to all towns in the Middle Ages.
type:
example
text:
The market is a process, actuated by the interplay of the actions of the various individuals cooperating under the division of labor.
ref:
1949, Ludwig Von Mises, Human Action
type:
quotation
text:
The San Juan market is Mexico City's most famous deli of exotic meats, where an adventurous shopper can hunt down hard-to-find critters such as ostrich, wild boar and crocodile. Only the city zoo offers greater species diversity.
ref:
2013 July 26, Nick Miroff, “Mexico gets a taste for eating insects …”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 7, page 32
type:
quotation
text:
Stop by the market on your way home and pick up some milk
type:
example
text:
We believe that the market for the new widget is the older homeowner.
type:
example
text:
Foreign markets were lost as our currency rose versus their valuta.
type:
example
text:
The stock market ceased to be monopolized by the paper-shuffling national stock exchanges with the advent of Internet markets.
type:
example
text:
As they were approaching bankruptcy from being knocked out of the calculator market, they began development on the first commercially available microcomputer, the Altair.
ref:
1980, InfoWorld, volume 2, number 20
type:
quotation
text:
If the takeover is approved, Comcast would control 20 of the top 25 cable markets, […]. Antitrust officials will need to consider Comcast’s status as a monopsony (a buyer with disproportionate power), when it comes to negotiations with programmers, whose channels it pays to carry.
ref:
2014 March 15, “Turn it off”, in The Economist, volume 410, number 8878
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A gathering of people for the purchase and sale of merchandise at a set time, often periodic.
City square or other fairly spacious site where traders set up stalls and buyers browse the merchandise.
A grocery store
A group of potential customers for one's product.
A geographical area where a certain commercial demand exists.
A formally organized, sometimes monopolistic, system of trading in specified goods or effects.
The sum total traded in a process of individuals trading for certain commodities.
The price for which a thing is sold in a market; hence, value; worth.
senses_topics:
|
2436 | word:
market
word_type:
verb
expansion:
market (third-person singular simple present markets, present participle marketing, simple past and past participle marketed)
forms:
form:
markets
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
marketing
tags:
participle
present
form:
marketed
tags:
participle
past
form:
marketed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
market
etymology_text:
From Middle English market, from late Old English market (“market”) and Anglo-Norman markiet (Old French marchié); both ultimately from Latin mercātus (“trade, market”), from mercor (“I trade, deal in, buy”), itself derived from merx (“wares, merchandise”). Cognate with West Frisian merk, Dutch markt, Old High German Markt.
senses_examples:
text:
We plan to market an ecology model by next quarter.
type:
example
text:
We marketed more this quarter already than all last year!
type:
example
text:
We did a little shopping; but I cannot remember much of the town. It was Saturday night, and all Perth was marketing.
ref:
1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 201
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To make (products or services) available for sale and promote them.
To sell.
To deal in a market; to buy or sell; to make bargains for provisions or goods.
To shop in a market; to attend a market.
senses_topics:
|
2437 | word:
expence
word_type:
noun
expansion:
expence (countable and uncountable, plural expences)
forms:
form:
expences
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
a. 1689, John Goodman, Winter-Evening Conference between Neighbors
Now, I say, why Time should be so burthensome to such as these, or what should betray them to such infrugal Expences of it, I can give no account without making severe Reflexions on their Discretion.
text:
c. 1676, William Petty, Political Arithmetick (1690) Chapter VII
That one tenth part of the whole Expence, of the King of England's Subjects, is sufficient to maintain ten thousand Foot, forty thousand Horse, and forty thousand Men at Sea; and defray all other Charges of the Government both Ordinary and Extraordinary, if the same were regularly Taxed, and Raised. (William Petty 1676 - Political Arithmetick; edition 1899, p. 305)
text:
A Frenchman, in his own Country, would dress a fine Dinner of twenty Dishes, and all genteel and pretty, for the Expence he will put an English Lord to for dressing one Dish. But then there is the little petty Profit. [...] So much is the blind Folly of this Age, that they would rather be impos'd on by a French Booby, than give Encouragement to a good English Cook!
ref:
1747, Hannah Glasse, The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, page iii
type:
quotation
text:
1763, [unknown translator], Le Page Du Pratz, History of Louisiana, BiblioBazaar LLC, →ISBN (2006), page 88,
I know it is no easy matter so to deepen or hollow the channel of a bar, that it may never after need clearing, and that the expences run high: but my zeal for promoting the advantage of this colony having prompted me to make reflections on those passes, or entrances of the Missisippi, and being perfectly well acquainted both with the country and the nature of the soil, I dare flatter myself, I may be able to accomplish it, to the great benefit of the province, and acquit myself therein with honour, at a small charge, and in a manner not to need repetition.
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Obsolete spelling of expense.
senses_topics:
|
2438 | word:
cloath
word_type:
noun
expansion:
cloath (countable and uncountable, plural cloaths)
forms:
form:
cloaths
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
Having previously obtained permission of a viewer, or some other person concerned in the colliery, a small hand lanthorn must be provided, a light being necessary for each person. It is also advisable to take a change of dress, at least of upper cloaths; strong boots to keep the feet dry, and an old hat.
ref:
1944 September and October, Charles E. Lee, “An Ancient Underground Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 275, text from early 19th century
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
cloth
clothes, clothing, usually made of leather or skin
senses_topics:
|
2439 | word:
cloath
word_type:
verb
expansion:
cloath (third-person singular simple present cloaths, present participle cloathing, simple past and past participle cloathed)
forms:
form:
cloaths
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
cloathing
tags:
participle
present
form:
cloathed
tags:
participle
past
form:
cloathed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Obsolete form of clothe.
senses_topics:
|
2440 | word:
radar
word_type:
noun
expansion:
radar (countable and uncountable, plural radars)
forms:
form:
radars
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
radar
etymology_text:
Originally spelled RADAR; an acronym of radio detection and ranging. Coined by the United States Navy in 1940.
senses_examples:
text:
The enemy fleet was able to be found using radar.
type:
example
text:
His sensitive radar for hidden alliances keeps him out of trouble.
type:
example
text:
It came inside 50 minutes and moments later Cavani should have had a 12th. Pogba and Shaw combined before the left-back's cross teed up the striker but his radar was awry.
ref:
2021 April 29, Jamie Jackson, “Edinson Cavani and Bruno Fernandes help Manchester United hit Roma for six”, in The Guardian
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A method of detecting distant objects and determining their position, velocity, or other characteristics by analysis of sent radio waves (usually microwaves) reflected from their surfaces
A type of system using such a method, differentiated by platform, configuration, frequency, power, and other technical attributes.
An installation of such a system or of the transmitting and receiving apparatus.
A superior ability to detect something.
senses_topics:
|
2441 | word:
radar
word_type:
verb
expansion:
radar (third-person singular simple present radars, present participle radaring, simple past and past participle radared)
forms:
form:
radars
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
radaring
tags:
participle
present
form:
radared
tags:
participle
past
form:
radared
tags:
past
wikipedia:
radar
etymology_text:
Originally spelled RADAR; an acronym of radio detection and ranging. Coined by the United States Navy in 1940.
senses_examples:
text:
He radars you while he's sitting in his patrol vehicle under a bridge.
ref:
2002, Brian Jonathan Wolk, Ohio Traffic Tickets are for the Birds, page 156
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To scan with radar, or as if with radar.
senses_topics:
|
2442 | word:
open
word_type:
adj
expansion:
open (comparative more open, superlative most open)
forms:
form:
more open
tags:
comparative
form:
most open
tags:
superlative
wikipedia:
open
etymology_text:
From Middle English open, from Old English open (“open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opan, from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”), from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“up from under, over”).
cognates
* Scots apen (“open”)
* Saterland Frisian eepen (“open”)
* West Frisian iepen (“open”)
* Dutch open (“open”)
* Low German open, apen (“open”)
* German offen (“open”)
* Danish åben (“open”)
* Swedish öppen (“open”)
* Norwegian Bokmål åpen (“open”)
* Norwegian Nynorsk open (“open”)
* Icelandic opinn (“open”)
Compare also Latin supinus (“on one's back, supine”), Albanian hap (“to open”). Related to up.
senses_examples:
text:
Turn left after the second open door.
type:
example
text:
It was as if his body had gone to sleep standing up and with his eyes open.
type:
example
text:
open sandwich
type:
example
text:
Starry food is fun to make. You can buy bright yellow American mustard (which isn’t too strong!) in squeezy bottles and pipe stars on to hot dogs and open burgers or sandwiches.
ref:
2001, Jennie Walters, Caz’s Birthday Blues (Party Girls), London: Hodder Children’s Books
type:
quotation
text:
When the burgers are ready, place them on the toasted rolls with the romaine lettuce leaves and top with the salsa. Serve as open burgers.
ref:
2012, Jo McAuley, “[Meat and Poultry] Turkey Burgers with Spicy Salsa”, in Hamlyn QuickCook: Low Fat, London: Hamlyn, page 152
type:
quotation
text:
Sunday morning in Wellow and we feast on open bagels with grilled ham, tomato and Swiss cheese, requested and highly praised.
ref:
2015, Michael Robotham, chapter 17, in Close Your Eyes, London: Sphere, page 133
type:
quotation
text:
an open hand; an open flower
type:
example
text:
Banks are not open on bank holidays.
type:
example
text:
Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.
ref:
2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845
type:
quotation
text:
I am open to new ideas.
type:
example
text:
When the top sheet, blanket, and bedspread of a closed bed are turned back, or fanfolded, the closed bed becomes an open bed, or a bed ready to receive a patient or resident.
ref:
2005, Pamela J. Carter, Susan Lewsen, Lippincott's Textbook for Nursing Assistants, page 277
type:
quotation
text:
A U.K. survey found attitudes toward public transit had been set back by two decades, with only 43% of drivers open to using their car less, even if public transport improves.
ref:
2021 April 2, Ciara Nugent, “Can Public Transit Survive the Pandemic? London's New Transport Commissioner Wants You to Believe It Can”, in Time
type:
quotation
text:
He published an open letter to the governor on a full page of The New York Times.
type:
example
text:
Due to severe and pervasive discrimination, people dared not be open about their homosexuality, and because no one would be open, social prejudice and discrimination became even stronger.
ref:
2001, Xiaopei He, “Chinese Queer (Tongzhi) Women Organizing in the 1990s”, in Ping-Chun Hsiung, Maria Jaschok, Cecilia Milwertz, Red Chan, editors, Chinese Women Organizing: Cadres, Feminists, Muslims, Queers, Berg, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 41
type:
quotation
text:
hopes for all aspects of the project being open rather than paywalled
type:
example
text:
The man is an open book.
type:
example
text:
1731-1735, Alexander Pope, Moral Essays
with aspect open, shall erect his head
text:
He desires me to tell you that the present open weather induces him to accept Mr Vernon's invitation to prolong his stay in Sussex that they may have some hunting together.
ref:
c. 1794, Jane Austen, Lady Susan
type:
quotation
text:
I couldn't save my changes because another user had the same file open.
type:
example
text:
I've got open orders for as many containers of red durum as you can get me.
type:
example
text:
an open question
type:
example
text:
to keep an offer or opportunity open
type:
example
text:
Your account will remain open until we receive final settlement.
type:
example
text:
an open winter
type:
example
text:
You will observe that this is an open letter and we reserve the right to mention it to the judge should the matter come to trial.
type:
example
text:
"Supposing somebody sees you, with all those flowers too? Supposing somebody writes him a letter? Ooooh!" (a pure round open Tamil O.)
ref:
1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 421
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Not closed.
Able to be accessed (physically).
Not closed.
Able to have something pass through or along it.
Not closed.
Not covered; showing what is inside.
Not closed.
Composed of a single slice of bread with a topping.
Not physically drawn together, closed, folded or contracted; extended.
Actively conducting or prepared to conduct business.
Receptive.
Public
With open access, of open science, or both.
Candid, ingenuous, not subtle in character.
Mild (of the weather); free from frost or snow.
Having a free variable.
Which is part of a predefined collection of subsets of X, that defines a topological space on X.
Whose first and last vertices are different.
In current use; connected to as a resource.
To be in a position allowing fluid to flow.
To be in a position preventing electricity from flowing.
Not fulfilled or resolved; incomplete.
Not settled or adjusted; not decided or determined; not closed or withdrawn from consideration.
Of a note, played without pressing the string against the fingerboard.
Of a note, played without closing any finger-hole, key or valve.
Not of a quality to prevent communication, as by closing waterways, blocking roads, etc.; hence, not frosty or inclement; mild; used of the weather or the climate.
Written or sent with the intention that it may made public or referred to at any trial, rather than by way of confidential private negotiation for a settlement.
Uttered with a relatively wide opening of the articulating organs; said of vowels.
Uttered, as a consonant, with the oral passage simply narrowed without closure.
That ends in a vowel; not having a coda.
Made public, usable with a free licence and without proprietary components.
Resulting from an incision, puncture or any other process by which the skin no longer protects an internal part of the body.
Source code of a computer program that is not within the text of a macro being generated.
Having component words separated by spaces, as opposed to being joined together or hyphenated; for example, time slot as opposed to timeslot or time-slot.
senses_topics:
human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
mathematics
sciences
topology
graph-theory
mathematics
sciences
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
business
entertainment
lifestyle
music
entertainment
lifestyle
music
law
human-sciences
linguistics
phonetics
phonology
sciences
human-sciences
linguistics
phonetics
phonology
sciences
human-sciences
linguistics
phonetics
phonology
sciences
computing
education
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
medicine
sciences
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
|
2443 | word:
open
word_type:
verb
expansion:
open (third-person singular simple present opens, present participle opening, simple past and past participle opened)
forms:
form:
opens
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
opening
tags:
participle
present
form:
opened
tags:
participle
past
form:
opened
tags:
past
form:
no-table-tags
source:
conjugation
tags:
table-tags
form:
en-conj
source:
conjugation
tags:
inflection-template
form:
open
tags:
infinitive
source:
conjugation
wikipedia:
open
etymology_text:
From Middle English openen, from Old English openian (“to open”), from Proto-West Germanic *opanōn, from Proto-Germanic *upanōną (“to raise; lift; open”), from Proto-Germanic *upanaz (“open”, adjective).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian eepenje (“to open”), West Frisian iepenje (“to open”), Dutch openen (“to open”), German öffnen (“to open”), Danish åbne (“to open”), Swedish öppna (“to open”), Norwegian Bokmål åpne (“to open”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic opna (“to open”). Related to English up.
senses_examples:
text:
Turn the doorknob to open the door.
type:
example
text:
He opened a path through the undergrowth.
type:
example
text:
He had kept on recording everything then, when he had been sure he was going to die, and he went on recording everything now, when he was suddenly consumed with hate for the boy in his arms and overwhelmed by a desire to put something—his motorcycle key would do nicely — into the interfering little prayboy’s throat and open him like a can of beer.
ref:
1996, Stephen King, Desperation
type:
quotation
text:
Please open the lights, the (electric) fan, the TV.
type:
example
text:
I don't want to open that subject.
type:
example
text:
to open a discussion
type:
example
text:
to open fire upon an enemy
type:
example
text:
to open trade, or correspondence
type:
example
text:
to open a case in court, or a meeting
type:
example
text:
to open a closed fist
type:
example
text:
to open matted cotton by separating the fibres
type:
example
text:
to open a map, book, or scroll
type:
example
text:
I will open the shop an hour early tomorrow.
type:
example
text:
Suiping was opened as a main station in 1912 when Rev. H. M. Nesse arrived to take charge of the mission work.
ref:
1934, White Unto Harvest in China: A Survey of the Lutheran United Mission, the China Mission of the N.L.C.A., 1890-1934, →OCLC, page 76
type:
quotation
text:
Vermont will open elk hunting season next week.
type:
example
text:
The door opened all by itself.
type:
example
text:
The shop opens at 9:00.
type:
example
text:
Our band opened for Nirvana.
type:
example
text:
After the first two players fold, Julie opens for $5.
type:
example
text:
Jeff opens his hand revealing a straight flush.
type:
example
text:
Follow agency policy, or open the bed by folding the top linens back.
ref:
2013, Susan C. deWit, Patricia A. Williams, Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing, page 318
type:
quotation
text:
The king opened himself to some of his council, that he was sorry for the earl's death.
ref:
1622, Francis Bacon, The History of the Reign of King Henry the Seventh
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To make something accessible or allow for passage by moving from a shut position.
To make (an open space, etc.) by clearing away an obstacle or obstacles, in order to allow for passage, access, or visibility.
To move to a position allowing fluid to flow.
To move to a position preventing electricity from flowing.
To turn on; to switch on.
To bring up, broach.
To enter upon, begin.
To spread; to expand into an open or loose position.
To make accessible to customers or clients.
To start (a campaign).
To become open.
To begin conducting business.
To perform before others at a concert or show.
To begin a side's innings as one of the first two batsmen.
To bet before any other player has in a particular betting round in a game of poker.
To reveal one's hand.
To connect to a resource (a file, document, etc.) for viewing or editing.
To make (a bed) ready for a patient by folding back the bedcovers.
To disclose; to reveal; to interpret; to explain.
senses_topics:
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
card-games
poker
card-games
poker
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
|
2444 | word:
open
word_type:
noun
expansion:
open (plural opens)
forms:
form:
opens
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
open
etymology_text:
From Middle English open (“an aperture or opening”), from the verb (see Etymology 2 above). In the sports sense, however, a shortening of “open competition”.
senses_examples:
text:
I can't believe you left the lawnmower out in the open when you knew it was going to rain this afternoon!
type:
example
text:
Wary of hunters, the fleeing deer kept well out of the open, dodging instead from thicket to thicket.
type:
example
text:
We have got to bring this company's corrupt business practices into the open.
type:
example
text:
The electrician found the open in the circuit after a few minutes of testing.
type:
example
text:
the Australian Open
type:
example
text:
The total number of opens from original, or unique, subscribers.
ref:
2016, Ian Dodson, The Art of Digital Marketing, page 144
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Open or unobstructed space; an exposed location.
Public knowledge or scrutiny; full view.
A defect in an electrical circuit preventing current from flowing.
A sports event in which anybody can compete.
The act of something being opened, such as an e-mail message.
senses_topics:
business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
|
2445 | word:
plankton
word_type:
noun
expansion:
plankton (usually uncountable, plural planktons or plankton)
forms:
form:
planktons
tags:
plural
form:
plankton
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Borrowed from German Plankton, coined by German zoologist and marine biologist Victor Hensen and derived from Ancient Greek πλαγκτός (planktós, “drifter”), from πλάζω (plázō, “I turn aside, wander”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Organisms, especially small and microscopic ones, that drift in water.
A plankter, any single organism that drifts in water.
senses_topics:
|
2446 | word:
dare
word_type:
verb
expansion:
dare (third-person singular simple present dare or dares or (archaic) dast, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared or (archaic) durst)
forms:
form:
dare
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
dares
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
dast
tags:
archaic
present
singular
third-person
form:
daring
tags:
participle
present
form:
dared
tags:
participle
past
form:
dared
tags:
past
form:
durst
tags:
archaic
participle
past
form:
durst
tags:
archaic
past
wikipedia:
dare
etymology_text:
From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).
Cognates
Cognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).
senses_examples:
text:
I wouldn't dare (to) argue with my boss.
type:
example
text:
Why then did not the ministers use their new law? Because they durst not, because they could not.
ref:
1832, Thomas Macaulay, Parliamentary Reform
type:
quotation
text:
I dare you to kiss that girl.
type:
example
text:
Will you dare death to reach your goal?
type:
example
text:
To wrest it from barbarism, to dare its solitudes.
ref:
1886, Clarence King, The Century
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To have enough courage (to do something).
To defy or challenge (someone to do something)
To have enough courage to meet or do something, go somewhere, etc.; to face up to
To terrify; to daunt.
To catch (larks) by producing terror through the use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so that they lie still till a net is thrown over them.
senses_topics:
|
2447 | word:
dare
word_type:
noun
expansion:
dare (plural dares)
forms:
form:
dares
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
dare
etymology_text:
From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).
Cognates
Cognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).
senses_examples:
text:
When asked truth or dare, she picked dare.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A challenge to prove courage.
The quality of daring; venturesomeness; boldness.
Defiance; challenge.
In the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players.
senses_topics:
games |
2448 | word:
dare
word_type:
verb
expansion:
dare (third-person singular simple present dares, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared)
forms:
form:
dares
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
daring
tags:
participle
present
form:
dared
tags:
participle
past
form:
dared
tags:
past
wikipedia:
dare
etymology_text:
From Middle English daren, from Old English darian.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To stare stupidly or vacantly; to gaze as though amazed or terrified.
To lie or crouch down in fear.
senses_topics:
|
2449 | word:
dare
word_type:
noun
expansion:
dare (plural dares)
forms:
form:
dares
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
dare
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
The Dare is not unlike a Chub, but proportionably less; his Body is more white and flatter, and his Tail more forked.
ref:
1766, Richard Brookes, The art of angling, rock and sea-fishing
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A small fish, the dace
senses_topics:
|
2450 | word:
quaff
word_type:
verb
expansion:
quaff (third-person singular simple present quaffs, present participle quaffing, simple past and past participle quaffed)
forms:
form:
quaffs
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
quaffing
tags:
participle
present
form:
quaffed
tags:
participle
past
form:
quaffed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Uncertain. Suggestions include connection with Old Irish cuäch (“cup, goblet, bowl; cauldron, large vessel; bowl, cup”) (whence Scots quaich, queff). The noun is derived from the verb.
senses_examples:
text:
I can't believe you quaffed four pints of beer and could still drive!
type:
example
text:
Sometimes the memory of her peaceful life at Florence obtruded itself upon her, and more than that, her charitable occupations when she attended the sick in that city, and whence, as from a rough-hewn chalice containing nectarian drink, she had quaffed happiness.
ref:
1823, Mary Shelley, Valperga
type:
quotation
text:
Even while quaffing the third draught of the Fountain of Youth, they were almost awed by the expression of his mysterious visage.
ref:
1852, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Dr. Heidegger's Experiment
type:
quotation
text:
Bannon was padding around the room in a black blazer over two collared shirts, quaffing a can of Pocari Sweat, a popular Japanese energy drink.
ref:
2017 December 21, Gabriel Sherman, ““I Have Power”: Is Steve Bannon Running for President?”, in Vanity Fair
type:
quotation
text:
If you're of a mind, the work can be observed while quaffing a pint in the Rat Race pub in the old station buildings on the existing platform.
ref:
2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 74
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To drink or imbibe with vigour or relish; to drink copiously; to swallow in large draughts.
senses_topics:
|
2451 | word:
quaff
word_type:
noun
expansion:
quaff (plural quaffs)
forms:
form:
quaffs
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Uncertain. Suggestions include connection with Old Irish cuäch (“cup, goblet, bowl; cauldron, large vessel; bowl, cup”) (whence Scots quaich, queff). The noun is derived from the verb.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The act of quaffing; a deep draught.
senses_topics:
|
2452 | word:
quaff
word_type:
noun
expansion:
quaff
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
There were loverbird songs and loverbird trinkets, loverbird hats and pins, bangles and baubles, coins and quaffs and tidbits.
ref:
1953 July, Theodore Sturgeon, “The World Well Lost”, in Universe Science Fiction, number 1, page 16; reprinted as “The World Well Lost”, in Thomas N. Scortia, editor, Strange Bedfellows: Sex and Science Fiction, New York: Random House, Inc, 1972, →OCLC, page 56
type:
quotation
text:
I'm actually gonna miss @sreizis and seeing him and his perfectly groomed quaff everyday in every class.
ref:
2013 June 19, Sarah Romanowski, “status update”, in Twitter
type:
quotation
text:
The Miley Cyrus new hair photos reveal the former Hannah Montana star sporting a bowl cut of sorts that isn’t receiving all good news at this point. Cyrus revealed her new quaff this Tuesday with friends while relaxing outside a local Los Angeles recording studio.
ref:
2014 January 19, Ryan Arciero, “Miley Cyrus new hair: Bowl cut a fresh style for singer, mixed reactions so far”, in Examiner.com
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Misspelling of coif.
senses_topics:
|
2453 | word:
perspicuity
word_type:
noun
expansion:
perspicuity (countable and uncountable, plural perspicuities)
forms:
form:
perspicuities
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From the Classical Latin perspicuitās (“transparency”, “lucidity”, “self-evidency”, (in post-Classical Latin): “penetration”, “insight”), from perspicuus (“clear”, “evident”); compare perspicacity and the French perspicuité. By surface analysis, perspicuous + -ity.
senses_examples:
text:
Thompson, a high school dropout, said with rare perspicuity that he doubted the FBI would hire him.
ref:
1965 March 19, “The Stupid Spy”, in Time
type:
quotation
text:
It must have been on some such day of harsh sunlight, the incisive February brightness that gives perspicuity without warmth.
ref:
1900, Edith Wharton, chapter 11, in The Touchstone
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Clarity, lucidity, especially in expression; the state or characteristic of being perspicuous.
Perspicacity; insight.
Transparency; translucence.
senses_topics:
|
2454 | word:
name
word_type:
noun
expansion:
name (plural names)
forms:
form:
names
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
name (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
PIE word
*h₁nómn̥
From Middle English name, nome, from Old English nama, noma, from Proto-West Germanic *namō, from Proto-Germanic *namô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. Cognates include Saterland Frisian Noome, West Frisian namme, Dutch naam, German Name, Danish navn, Swedish namn, Latin nōmen (whence Spanish nombre), Russian имя (imja), Sanskrit नामन् (nāman). Possible cognates outside of Indo-European include Finnish nimi and Hungarian név. Doublet of nomen and noun.
senses_examples:
text:
So good a man as this must surely have a name.
ref:
1904, L. Frank Baum, The Marvelous Land of Oz
type:
quotation
text:
Turbines have been around for a long time—windmills and water wheels are early examples. The name comes from the Latin turbo, meaning vortex, and thus the defining property of a turbine is that a fluid or gas turns the blades of a rotor, which is attached to a shaft that can perform useful work.
ref:
2013 July-August, Lee S. Langston, “The Adaptable Gas Turbine”, in American Scientist
type:
quotation
text:
I've never liked the name my parents gave me so I changed it at the age of twenty.
type:
example
text:
What's your name?
Puddintane. Ask me again and I'll tell you the same.
type:
example
text:
The parish stank of idolatry, abominable rites were practiced in secret, and in all the bounds there was no one had a more evil name for the black traffic than one Alison Sempill, who bode at the Skerburnfoot.
ref:
1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide
type:
quotation
text:
And David won a name for himself.
ref:
1952, Old Testament, Revised Standard Version, Thomas Nelson & Sons, 2 Samuel 8:13
text:
Stop calling me names!
type:
example
text:
p. 2002, second edition of, 2002, Graham Richards, Putting Psychology in its Place, →ISBN, page 287 http://books.google.com/books?id=7bxvJIs5_wsC&pg=PA287&dq=names
Later British psychologists interested in this topic include such major names as Cyril Burt, William McDougall, […] .
text:
Would it be able to fight the competition from ITC Agro Tech and Liptons who were ready and able to commit large resources? With such big names as competitors, would this business be viable for Marico?
ref:
2008 edition of, 1998, S. B. Budhiraja and M. B. Athreya, Cases in Strategic Management page 79 http://books.google.com/books?id=-IaKYHY0sogC&pg=PA79&dq=names
text:
International non-governmental organisations (INGOs), including such household names as Amnesty International, Greenpeace and […] .
ref:
2009 third edition of, 1998, Martin Mowforth and Ian Munt, Tourism and Sustainability, page 29 http://books.google.com/books?id=bM6MPBIFwkQC&pg=PA29&dq=names
text:
Halt in the name of the law!
type:
example
text:
We may be quite sure, therefore, that in some shape, if we, the people of England, tolerate the bloody and sanguinary crimes which are committed in our name, if they are so committed, and we do not remonstrate and condemn, we shall have no acquittal at that tribunal by which the actions, not of individuals only, but of nations and peoples, are finally judged.
ref:
1881, George Barnett Smith, chapter XVI, in The Life and Speeches of the Right Hon. John Bright, M.P., volume II, London: Hodder and Stroughton, page 541
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Any nounal word or phrase which indicates a particular person, place, class, or thing.
Reputation.
An abusive or insulting epithet.
A person (or legal person).
Those of a certain name; a race; a family.
Authority; behalf.
A unique identifier, generally a string of characters.
An investor in Lloyd's of London bearing unlimited liability.
senses_topics:
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
business
finance |
2455 | word:
name
word_type:
verb
expansion:
name (third-person singular simple present names, present participle naming, simple past and past participle named)
forms:
form:
names
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
naming
tags:
participle
present
form:
named
tags:
participle
past
form:
named
tags:
past
wikipedia:
name (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Middle English namen, from Old English namian (“to name, mention”) and ġenamian (“to name, call, appoint”), from Proto-West Germanic *namōn (“to name”). Compare also Old English nemnan, nemnian (“to name, give a name to a person or thing”).
senses_examples:
text:
One visitor named Hou Yugang said he was not too concerned about climate change and Baishui’s melting.
Audio (US): (file)
type:
example
text:
I will name the fellow 'Jack Pumpkinhead!'
ref:
1904, L. Frank Baum, The Land of Oz
type:
quotation
text:
He named his demands.
type:
example
text:
You name it!
type:
example
text:
You have to pot the ball in the pocket you've named.
type:
example
text:
The three countries were named in a new study from the UN’s World Intellectual Property Organization, or WIPO.
Audio (US): (file)
ref:
2019 February 3, “UN Study: China, US, Japan Lead World AI Development”, in Voice of America, archived from the original on 2019-02-07
type:
quotation
text:
naming the problem
type:
example
text:
The painter was named as an accomplice.
type:
example
text:
Police are not naming the suspect as he is a minor.
type:
example
text:
My neighbor was named to the steering committee.
type:
example
text:
I must warn the Right Honourable gentleman, that if he persists in his refusal to comply with my order to withdraw [the words "deliberately deceptive"], I shall be compelled to name him.
ref:
2013 July 10, John (Speaker of the House of Commons) Bercow, (Please provide the book title or journal name), to MP Nigel Dodds
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To give a name to.
To mention, specify.
To identify as relevant or important
To publicly implicate by name.
To disclose the name of.
To designate for a role.
To initiate a process to temporarily remove a member of parliament who is breaking the rules of conduct.
senses_topics:
government
politics |
2456 | word:
name
word_type:
noun
expansion:
name (plural names)
forms:
form:
names
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
name (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
Borrowed from Spanish ñame, substituting n for the unfamiliar Spanish letter ñ. Doublet of yam.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Any of several types of true yam (Dioscorea) used in Caribbean Spanish cooking.
senses_topics:
|
2457 | word:
fruit
word_type:
noun
expansion:
fruit (countable and uncountable, plural fruits)
forms:
form:
fruits
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Fruit (disambiguation)
fruit
etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Latin frūctus
Old French fruitbor.
Middle English fruyt
English fruit
From Middle English fruyt, frut (“fruits and vegetables”), from Old French fruit (“produce, fruits and vegetables”), from Latin frūctus (“enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income”) and frūx (“crop, produce, fruit”) (compare Latin fruor (“have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of, to have enjoyment of”). Cognate with English brook (“to bear, tolerate”) and German brauchen (“to need”). Displaced native Old English wæstm.
senses_examples:
text:
[A]fter the flower is past commeth the fruit in long pods, every seede bunching out like the pods of Orobus and as bigge almost as the smaller Pease.
ref:
1640, John Parkinson, Theatrum botanicum: the Theater of Plants; or, An Herball of a Large Extent, London, page 1063
type:
quotation
text:
His long nights in the office eventually bore fruit when his business boomed and he was given a raise.
type:
example
text:
It is incontestably the case that future generations enjoyed the extraordinary fruits of the Industrial Revolution’s “great enrichment”.
ref:
2019 July 11, John Thornhill, “Does tech threaten to rerun the worst of the Industrial Revolution?”, in Financial Times
type:
quotation
text:
fresh-squeezed fruit juice
type:
example
text:
a fruit salad
type:
example
text:
an artificial fruit flavor
type:
example
text:
a fruit tree
type:
example
text:
I'm not talking to this twisted fruit anymore!
ref:
1984, This is Spinal Tap, spoken by Ian Faith (Tony Hendra)
type:
quotation
text:
Aww, but he's so cute! / He's a fruit… Oh my fucking god! You will not believe who was here today!
ref:
1997, Daniel Clowes, “Garage Sale”, in Ghost World, Jonathan Cape, published 2000, page 15
type:
quotation
text:
The litter was the fruit of the union between our whippet and their terrier.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A product of fertilization in a plant, specifically:
The seed-bearing part of a plant; often edible, colourful, fragrant, and sweet or sour; produced from a floral ovary after fertilization.
A product of fertilization in a plant, specifically:
The spores of cryptogams and their accessory organs.
A product of fertilization in a plant, specifically
Any sweet or sour, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see former sense) even if it does not develop from a floral ovary.
Any sweet or sour, edible part of a plant that resembles seed-bearing fruit (see former sense) even if it does not develop from a floral ovary.
A sweet or sweetish vegetable, such as the petioles of rhubarb, that resembles a true fruit or is used in cookery as if it was a fruit.
An end result, effect, or consequence; advantageous or disadvantageous result.
Of, belonging to, related to, or having fruit or its characteristics; (of living things) producing or consuming fruit.
A homosexual man; (derogatory, figurative) an effeminate man.
Offspring from a sexual union.
A crazy person.
senses_topics:
biology
botany
natural-sciences
biology
botany
natural-sciences
biology
botany
natural-sciences
|
2458 | word:
fruit
word_type:
verb
expansion:
fruit (third-person singular simple present fruits, present participle fruiting, simple past and past participle fruited)
forms:
form:
fruits
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
fruiting
tags:
participle
present
form:
fruited
tags:
participle
past
form:
fruited
tags:
past
wikipedia:
Fruit (disambiguation)
fruit
etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Latin frūctus
Old French fruitbor.
Middle English fruyt
English fruit
From Middle English fruyt, frut (“fruits and vegetables”), from Old French fruit (“produce, fruits and vegetables”), from Latin frūctus (“enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income”) and frūx (“crop, produce, fruit”) (compare Latin fruor (“have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of, to have enjoyment of”). Cognate with English brook (“to bear, tolerate”) and German brauchen (“to need”). Displaced native Old English wæstm.
senses_examples:
text:
It may be said, however, that the percentage of green apples among the Fameuse seedlings is much less than among the others as out of 33 Fameuse seedlings which had fruited up to this year, none was green and we recollect but one light coloured Fameuse seedling fruiting this year.
ref:
1910, Canada Experimental Farms Service, Report of the Dominion Experimental Farms
type:
quotation
text:
For example, chanterelles and russulas can start fruiting in early to mid summer given sufficient moisture, but other species, such as matsutake, rarely fruit until temperatures cool in the autumn, even if moisture is available earlier.
ref:
1998, Randy Molina, David Pilz, Managing Forest Ecosystems to Conserve Fungus Diversity and Sustain Wild Mushroom Harvests, page 10
type:
quotation
text:
The grass and weeds come up to my waist and the plum trees are already fruiting up, though most of the fruit'll go to the wasps and the worms, Vinny says, 'cause he can't be arsed to pick it.
ref:
2014, David Mitchell, The Bone Clocks, page 12
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To produce fruit, seeds, or spores.
senses_topics:
|
2459 | word:
wring
word_type:
verb
expansion:
wring (third-person singular simple present wrings, present participle wringing, simple past wrung or (archaic or dialectal) wrang or (rare) wringed, past participle wrung or (rare) wringed)
forms:
form:
wrings
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
wringing
tags:
participle
present
form:
wrung
tags:
past
form:
wrang
tags:
archaic
dialectal
past
form:
wringed
tags:
past
rare
form:
wrung
tags:
participle
past
form:
wringed
tags:
participle
past
rare
form:
no-table-tags
source:
conjugation
tags:
table-tags
form:
en-conj
source:
conjugation
tags:
inflection-template
form:
wring
tags:
infinitive
source:
conjugation
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English wringen, wryngen from Old English wringan (“to wring”), from Proto-Germanic *wringaną (“to squeeze, twist, wring”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wrenǵʰ-.
cognates
* Ancient Greek ῥίμφα (rhímpha, “fast”)
* Dutch wringen
* Lithuanian reñgtis (“to bend down”)
* Middle Low German wringen (Low German wringen)
* Old Frisian *wringa (West Frisian wringe)
* Old High German rinkan, ringan, ringan (Middle High German ringen, modern German wringen, German ringen (“to wrestle”))
senses_examples:
text:
I didn’t have a towel so I just wrung my hair dry.
type:
example
text:
“I feel I’ve been wrung through a wringer,” Maggie said.
ref:
1988, Anne Tyler, chapter 1, in Breathing Lessons (A Borzoi Book), New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf, part 1, page 25
type:
quotation
text:
Put the berries into a cheesecloth and wring the juice into a bowl.
type:
example
text:
Heinz could have wrung enough vinegar out of Cally’s look to run his pickle works.
ref:
1952, Zora Neale Hurston, “Backstage and the Railroad”, in William Loren Katz, editor, Dust Tracks on a Road (The American Negro: His History and Literature), New York, N.Y.: Arno Press and The New York Times, published 1969, →OCLC, page 128
type:
quotation
text:
[…] I thought that he was as pleased by the shock value of what he had to say as he was thrilled by the spectacle of wringing his own blood from the sodden gauze pad into the sodden towel.
ref:
1989, John Irving, “The Finger”, in A Prayer for Owen Meany […], New York, N.Y.: William Morrow and Company, page 381
type:
quotation
text:
to wring someone’s hand (that is, shake hands vigorously with someone)
type:
example
text:
to wring the neck of a chicken
type:
example
text:
Every chance you got you just stared at yourself in a mirror with open lips, and I had to wring your ears to make you do any work.
ref:
2008, Aravind Adiga, The White Tiger, 1st UK edition, London: Atlantic Books, page 262
type:
quotation
text:
to wring one’s hands with worry
type:
example
text:
to wring a mast
type:
example
text:
The police said they would wring the truth out of that criminal.
type:
example
text:
It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces; but let us judge not, that we be not judged.
ref:
1865 March 4, Abraham Lincoln, The [Second] Inaugural Address of President Abraham Lincoln, Delivered in the National Capitol, March 4th, 1865
type:
quotation
text:
[T]he enormous profits thus wrung from convict labor are a constant incentive to the contractors to exact from their unhappy victims tasks altogether beyond their strength, and to punish them cruelly when their work does not come up to the excessive demands made.
ref:
1910, Emma Goldman, “Prisons: A Social Crime and Failure”, in Anarchism and Other Essays, New York, N.Y.: Mother Earth Publishing Association […], →OCLC, pages 129–130
type:
quotation
text:
[H]is confidences were not wrung from him against his will but gushed like oil from a well, […]
ref:
1970, Robertson Davies, “The Soirée of Illusions”, in Fifth Business […], Toronto, Ont.: Macmillan of Canada, section 2, page 278
type:
quotation
text:
Lord, how dare these men thus wring the scriptures?
ref:
1572, John Whitgift, “Whether Idolatrous Sacrificers and Mass-mongers may afterward be Ministers of the Gospel. Chap. ii. The First Division.”, in John Ayre, editor, The Works of John Whitgift, D.D., […] The First Portion, Containing the Defence of the Answer to the Admonition, against the Reply of Thomas Cartwright: Tractates I–VI, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] University Press [for the Parker Society], published 1851, →OCLC, tract III (Of the Election of Ministers), page 318
type:
quotation
text:
For a given set of blocks with lengths in multiples of thousandths the lengths may be so selected as to make it possible, by combining different blocks in wringing contact end to end, to form a series having any desired length, measured in inches and thousandths; […]
An adjective use.
ref:
1919 April 9, William E. Hoke, Precision Gauge, US Patent 1,472,837 (PDF version), page 1, column 2
type:
quotation
text:
The number of optical wringing procedures performed for each gauge block was five, and the number of measurements for each wringing procedure was eleven.
An adjective use.
ref:
1997, Bulletin of the National Research Laboratory of Metrology, Tokyo: National Research Laboratory of Metrology, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 278, column 2
type:
quotation
text:
The pack experiment method to evaluate phase correction is valuable in that the differences associated with wringing two different materials and/or surface finishes between the gauge blocks and the platen may be accounted for in the averaging over the pack gauge blocks.
ref:
2001, Jennifer E. Decker, Nicholas Brown, Recent Developments in Traceable Dimensional Measurements: 20–21 June 2001, Munich, Germany, Bellingham, Wash.: Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers, page 25
type:
quotation
text:
The uncertainty of wringing effect is 6.9 nm, which can be determined by wringing the same gauge block on the base plate repeatedly.
ref:
2010, Jonghan Jin, Seung-Woo Kim, “Precision Dimensional Metrology Based on a Femtosecond Pulse Laser”, in Mikhail Grishin, editor, Advances in Solid State Lasers: Development and Applications, Rijeka, Croatia: InTech, page 186
type:
quotation
text:
Jesus Christ! Was my folks refined. My mam she wouldn't think-a lettin' us young'uns call a pee pot a pee pot. A chamber's what she called it. […] And by God! Us young'uns had ter call the pee pot a chamber or git our God damn necks wrang.
ref:
1946, Elizabeth Metzger Howard, chapter 2, in Before the Sun Goes Down, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, part I (Summer), page 31
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Often followed by out: to squeeze or twist (something moist) tightly so that liquid is forced out.
Often followed by out: to squeeze or twist (something moist) tightly so that liquid is forced out.
To squeeze water from (an item of wet clothing) by passing through a wringer.
Often followed by from or out: to extract (a liquid) from something wet by squeezing, twisting, or otherwise putting pressure on it.
To hold (someone or something) tightly and press or twist; to wrest.
To hold (someone or something) tightly and press or twist; to wrest.
To clasp and twist (hands) together due to distress, sorrow, etc.
To bend or strain (something) out of its position; to wrench, to wrest.
To contort or screw up (the face or its features).
To twist or wind (something) into coils; to coil.
Of a thing (such as footwear): to pinch or press (a person or part of their body), causing pain.
To cause (someone or something) physical harm, injury, or pain; specifically, by applying pressure or by twisting; to harm, to hurt, to injure.
To cause (tears) to come out from a person or their eyes.
To cause distress or pain to (a person or their heart, soul, etc.); to distress, to torment.
To obtain (something) from or out of a person or thing by extortion or other force.
To use effort to draw (a response, words, etc.) from or out of someone; to generate (something) as a response.
To afflict or oppress (someone) to enforce compliance; to extort.
To cause (someone) to do something or to think a certain way.
To change (something) into another thing.
To give (teachings, words, etc.) an incorrect meaning; to twist, to wrest.
To put (oneself) in a position by cunning or subtle means; to insinuate.
To slide (two ultraflat surfaces) together such that their faces bond.
To be engaged in clasping and twisting (especially the hands), or exerting pressure.
To twist the body in or as if in pain; to writhe.
To contend, to struggle; also, to strive, to toil.
To experience distress, pain, punishment, etc.
Of a lode: to be depleted of ore; to peter or peter out.
To make a way out with difficulty.
senses_topics:
business
mining
|
2460 | word:
wring
word_type:
noun
expansion:
wring (plural wrings)
forms:
form:
wrings
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Partly:
* from Middle English wring, wringe (“twisting or wringing (of the neck)”), from Middle English wringen, wryngen (verb); and
* from the modern English verb.
See further at etymology 1.
senses_examples:
text:
I grasped his hand and gave it a grateful wring.
type:
example
text:
When we have good dayes we slight them, when they are gone, we sinke under the wring of sorrow, for their losse; and want teacheth vs the worth of things more truely: and it is a true saying, Blessings appeare not, till they bee vanished.
ref:
1637, Robert Monro, “The First Observation”, in Monro his Expedition with the Worthy Scots Regiment (Called Mac-Keyes Regiment) Levied in August 1626. […], London: […] William Iones […], →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-06-04, page 3
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A powerful squeezing or twisting action.
Followed by down: the product of wringing, such as cider or wine.
A sharp physical pain, especially in the abdomen; also, mental pain or distress.
senses_topics:
|
2461 | word:
wring
word_type:
noun
expansion:
wring (plural wrings)
forms:
form:
wrings
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English wring, wringe, wrynge (“a press, especially for olives or wine”) [and other forms], from Old English wringe, from wringan (verb): see further at etymology 1.
senses_examples:
text:
In order to avoid a great deal of trouble, and to perform the work more effectually, by diveſting the nevv made Cyder of vvhat pummice and other impurities remain; after ſtraining it through a hair ſieve, on its coming from the VVring, or Preſs, it is neceſſary to be provided vvith a large open vat, keeve, or clive, vvhich vvill contain a vvhole pounding, or making of Cyder; or as much as can be preſſed in one day: […]
ref:
1753, Hugh Stafford, “Sect[ion] VI. Of Proper Vessels for Receiving the Cyder for Its Fermentation; the Vigilance, Exact Care, and Attention Required in the First Fermentation of Cyder for Making It Sweet, and as Long as It Continues in a Fermenting State.”, in A Treatise on Cyder-making, Founded on Long Practice and Experience; with a Catalogue of Cyder-apples of Character, in Herefordshire and Devonshire. […], London: […] E[dward] Cave, […], →OCLC, page 48
type:
quotation
text:
Take any quantity of cider that is old, strong, harsh, or of an inferior quality, and add to it the same quantity of cider from the wring, or press; rouse it up well, and fix it in a warm place, or in the sun, which is certainly the best for its progress; […]
ref:
1826, “a Practical Man” [pseudonym], “Part IV. Of Cider, Perry, Mead, and Vinegar.”, in The Vintner’s, Brewer’s, Spirit Merchant’s, and Licensed Victualler’s Guide; […], London: W. Whetton, […], →OCLC, page 216
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A device for compressing or pressing, especially for making cheese, cider from apples, or wine from grapes.
senses_topics:
|
2462 | word:
today
word_type:
adv
expansion:
today (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English today, to-daie, todæig, from Old English tōdæġ, tō dæġe (“today”, literally “on [the/this] day, [this] day forward”), equivalent to to + day. Compare Saterland Frisian däälich (“today”), Dutch vandaag (“today”), Old Saxon hindag (“today”, literally “[this] day forward”), German Low German vandage, vandaag (“today”), Swedish i dag, idag (“today”).
senses_examples:
text:
I want this done today.
type:
example
text:
Today, my brother went to the shops.
type:
example
text:
In the 1500s, people had to do things by hand, but today we have electric can openers.
type:
example
text:
Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers.[…]Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
ref:
2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 70
type:
quotation
text:
We used to prepare everything today, but now we split it over two days.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
On the current day or date.
In the current era; nowadays; these days.
The day of a recurring cycle or event which is currently happening.
senses_topics:
|
2463 | word:
today
word_type:
noun
expansion:
today (plural todays)
forms:
form:
todays
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English today, to-daie, todæig, from Old English tōdæġ, tō dæġe (“today”, literally “on [the/this] day, [this] day forward”), equivalent to to + day. Compare Saterland Frisian däälich (“today”), Dutch vandaag (“today”), Old Saxon hindag (“today”, literally “[this] day forward”), German Low German vandage, vandaag (“today”), Swedish i dag, idag (“today”).
senses_examples:
text:
Today is the day we'll fix this once and for all.
type:
example
text:
The youth of today have never known what life is like without a cell phone.
type:
example
text:
Yesterday, upon the stair / I met a man who wasn’t there / He wasn’t there again today / I wish, I wish he’d go away …
ref:
1899, Hughes Mearns, Antigonish
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A current day or date.
From approximately 6am to 6pm on the current day.
The present time period; nowadays.
senses_topics:
climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
|
2464 | word:
today
word_type:
adj
expansion:
today (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English today, to-daie, todæig, from Old English tōdæġ, tō dæġe (“today”, literally “on [the/this] day, [this] day forward”), equivalent to to + day. Compare Saterland Frisian däälich (“today”), Dutch vandaag (“today”), Old Saxon hindag (“today”, literally “[this] day forward”), German Low German vandage, vandaag (“today”), Swedish i dag, idag (“today”).
senses_examples:
text:
Actually, it's more like the blues. It's pop blues. I feel it's very American. It's very today. It's what people respond to today.
ref:
1965, Tom Wolfe, quoting Phil Spector, “The First Tycoon of Teen”, in The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →OCLC, page 67
type:
quotation
text:
[…] she (Françoise Hardy) is so today, so white boots and yé-yé, that she can make anyone over 25 (me) feel prehistoric, raccoon coat and rah-rah.
ref:
1966 December 18, Joan Barthel, “Francoise from France: White Boots and Ye-Ye”, in The New York Times, →ISSN
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Current; up to date.
senses_topics:
|
2465 | word:
star
word_type:
noun
expansion:
star (plural stars)
forms:
form:
stars
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English sterre, from Old English steorra (“star”), from Proto-West Germanic *sterrō, variant of *sternō, from Proto-Germanic *sternô, *sternǭ (“star”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr (“star”). Doublet of aster, stella, étoile, and estoile.
cognates
Cognate with Scots starn, ster, North Frisian steer, West Frisian stjer, Saterland Frisian Stiern, Dutch ster, Luxembourgish Stär, German Stern, Yiddish שטערן (shtern), Vilamovian śtaom, Swedish stjärna, Norwegian stjerne, Icelandic stjarna, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō), Spanish estrella, Portuguese estrela, Italian stella, Romanian stea, Occitan estela, Venetian stéła, Sicilian stidda, Sardinian isteddu, Mirandese streilha, Walloon sitoele, Romansch staila, Megleno-Romanian steau̯ă, Istriot stila, Istro-Romanian ste, Latin stēlla, Greek αστέρι (astéri), Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr), Old Armenian աստղ (astł), Persian ستاره (setâre), Tajik ситора (sitora), Pashto ستوری (storay), Mazanderani اساره (ëssâre), Northern Kurdish stêr, Central Kurdish ئەستێرە (estêre), Zazaki astare, Ossetian стъалы (st’aly), Hindi तारा (tārā), Urdu تارا (tārā), Punjabi ਤਾਰਾ (tārā), Gujarati તારો (tāro), Sanskrit तारा (tārā).
senses_examples:
text:
Many Hollywood stars attended the launch party.
type:
example
text:
His teacher tells us he is a star pupil.
type:
example
text:
"Wha'ppen, star!" Hector said, grinning to reveal a gold-capped tooth. He told everyone it was solid twenty-four carat, but if it was, he would have wrenched it out with pliers to pawn to the highest bidder by now.
ref:
2003, Michael Maynard, Games Men Play, page 127
type:
quotation
text:
Switches character to the street-wise Ragamuffin, speaking out of the corner of his mouth in Creole: "Whappen now star! Seckle, seckle now people! Cool, cool na baass! [what is happening friends? Settle down]
ref:
2017, Les Back, New Ethnicities and Urban Culture: Racisms and Multiculture in Young Lives
type:
quotation
text:
'Dey ain't mine,' Stacey snapped, flicking her head towards the yutes in the bedroom. 'I'm juss lookin after dem fi mi fren dem. I only av six pickney by tree men enuh, star.'
ref:
2022, Moses McKenzie, An Olive Grove in Ends
type:
quotation
text:
Above all, the 48-page timetables of the new service, which have been distributed free at every station in the scheme, are a model to the rest of B.R. For the first time on British Railways, so far as we are aware, a substantial timetable has been produced, not only without a single footnote but also devoid of all wearisome asterisks, stars, letter suffixes and other hieroglyphics.
ref:
1960 December, “The Glasgow Suburban Electrification is opened”, in Trains Illustrated, page 714
type:
quotation
text:
What's in the stars for you today? Find out in our horoscope.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Any small, natural and bright dot appearing in the unobscured sky, especially in the night or twilight sky.
A spheroid of plasma with sufficient gravity to fuse hydrogen or heavier elements into heavier elements still. Depending on context the Sun may or may not be included.
A concave polygon with regular, pointy protrusions and indentations, usually with four, five, or six points.
An actor in a leading role.
An exceptionally talented or famous person, often in a specific field; a celebrity.
(by extension) A friend, a mate, a pal.
An asterisk (*) or symbol (★).
A symbol used to rate hotels, films, etc. with a higher number of stars denoting better quality.
A simple dance, or part of a dance, where a group of four dancers each put their right or left hand in the middle and turn around in a circle. You call them right-hand stars or left-hand stars, depending on the hand which is in the middle.
A planet supposed to influence one's destiny.
A star-shaped ornament worn on the breast to indicate rank or honour.
A composition of combustible matter used in the heading of rockets, in mines, etc., which, exploding in the air, presents a starlike appearance.
A network topology with multiple computers individually merging to one central switch, thus free of risk of collisions. A single point of failure can occur if the switch experiences corruption.
senses_topics:
astronomy
natural-sciences
geometry
mathematics
sciences
acting
broadcasting
entertainment
film
lifestyle
media
television
theater
media
printing
publishing
astrology
human-sciences
mysticism
philosophy
sciences
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
networking
physical-sciences
sciences |
2466 | word:
star
word_type:
verb
expansion:
star (third-person singular simple present stars, present participle starring, simple past and past participle starred)
forms:
form:
stars
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
starring
tags:
participle
present
form:
starred
tags:
participle
past
form:
starred
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English sterre, from Old English steorra (“star”), from Proto-West Germanic *sterrō, variant of *sternō, from Proto-Germanic *sternô, *sternǭ (“star”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr (“star”). Doublet of aster, stella, étoile, and estoile.
cognates
Cognate with Scots starn, ster, North Frisian steer, West Frisian stjer, Saterland Frisian Stiern, Dutch ster, Luxembourgish Stär, German Stern, Yiddish שטערן (shtern), Vilamovian śtaom, Swedish stjärna, Norwegian stjerne, Icelandic stjarna, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō), Spanish estrella, Portuguese estrela, Italian stella, Romanian stea, Occitan estela, Venetian stéła, Sicilian stidda, Sardinian isteddu, Mirandese streilha, Walloon sitoele, Romansch staila, Megleno-Romanian steau̯ă, Istriot stila, Istro-Romanian ste, Latin stēlla, Greek αστέρι (astéri), Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr), Old Armenian աստղ (astł), Persian ستاره (setâre), Tajik ситора (sitora), Pashto ستوری (storay), Mazanderani اساره (ëssâre), Northern Kurdish stêr, Central Kurdish ئەستێرە (estêre), Zazaki astare, Ossetian стъалы (st’aly), Hindi तारा (tārā), Urdu تارا (tārā), Punjabi ਤਾਰਾ (tārā), Gujarati તારો (tāro), Sanskrit तारा (tārā).
senses_examples:
text:
She starred in dozens of silent movies.
type:
example
text:
I was inundated with invitations; […] I felt, indeed, much as a great actor must when he goes 'starring' in the provinces.
ref:
1902, Robert Marshall Grade, The Haunted Major
type:
quotation
text:
The show stars Calista Flockhart as a high-powered lawyer.
type:
example
text:
"What followed this decision was exactly what we had expected: Mr. Fox, realizing that the public was tiring of Theda Bara in vampire roles, announced that he would star her in a production of Romeo and Juliet," she illustrated.
ref:
2004, David W. Menefee, The First Female Stars: Women of the Silent Era, page 4
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To appear as a featured performer or headliner, especially in an entertainment program.
To feature (a performer or a headliner), especially in a movie or an entertainment program.
To mark with a star or asterisk.
To set or adorn with stars, or bright, radiating bodies; to bespangle.
To shine like a star.
senses_topics:
|
2467 | word:
thirteen
word_type:
num
expansion:
thirteen
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English thirttene, variant (through metathesis) of thrittene, from Old English þrēotīene, from Proto-Germanic *þritehun, compound of *þrīz (“three”) + *tehun (“teen”). Cognate with West Frisian trettjin, Dutch dertien, German dreizehn, Danish tretten. Equivalent to three + -teen.
senses_examples:
text:
There are thirteen cards of each of the four suits in a deck of playing cards.
type:
example
text:
During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant[…]
ref:
1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond
type:
quotation
text:
In the spring of 1857, I, with several friends, left Hongkong for Shanghai, viâ Foochow, in the small coasting steamer Antelope. No noteworthy incident occurred until after leaving Foochow when, as we were enjoying our after dinner coffee and cigars, and by chance discussing the question of thirteen sitting down at table that had occurred at a dinner at which one of the party had shortly before been present, a violent thump and tremulous motion of the vessel announced the unpleasant fact that we had struck upon something. We rushed on deck and found the steamer hard and fast on a reef near Matsu Island. Fortunately the day was fine and there was no sea on.
ref:
1890 February 28, W. S. Wetmore, “RECOLLECTIONS OF LIFE IN CHINA IN THE FIFTIES.”, in North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette, volume XLIV, number 1178, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 256, column 1
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIII and in Arabic numerals as 13.
senses_topics:
|
2468 | word:
quine
word_type:
noun
expansion:
quine (plural quines)
forms:
form:
quines
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
American Philosophical Association
Epimenides
Kathleen Atkins
The Philosophical Lexicon
indirect self-referencing
etymology_text:
From Quine, named after the American logician and philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine (1908–2000).
Verb sense 1 (“to append (a text) to a quotation of itself”) was coined by the American cognitive and computer scientist Douglas Hofstadter (born 1945) in his book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid (1979; see the quotation), referring to Quine’s study of indirect self-referencing and in particular Quine’s paradox, the following statement that produces a paradox: “‘Yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation’ yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation.” Hofstadter also referred to the concept of noun sense 1 (“program that produces its own source code as output”) in the book, but termed it a self-rep rather than a quine.
Verb sense 2 (“to deny the importance or significance of (something obviously real or important)”) was independently coined by the American cognitive scientist and philosopher Daniel Dennett (1942–2024) in September 1969 in the original version of his work The Philosophical Lexicon: see the 1987 quotation.
senses_examples:
text:
This has been bugging me recently. Any quines or pointers to relevant articles or web pages is appreciated. Thanks!
ref:
1996 October 10, John David Regehr, “[A] Quine in C++?”, in comp.lang.misc (Usenet)
type:
quotation
text:
Self-reproducing programs are commonly called quines. Do a web search, it should turn up lots of them. There was also a quine thread here in comp.lang.c just days ago, search deja.com (the thread's title was something about self-printing programs, I think).
ref:
1999 December 14, Gergo Barany, “CC Hack?”, in comp.lang.c (Usenet)
type:
quotation
text:
A quine is a program that can print its own source code. Most quines are notoriously difficult (and fiendish) to write. Perl can cheat, though. :)
ref:
2001 July, Clinton Pierce, “Advanced Perl”, in Perl Developer’s Dictionary, Indianapolis, Ind.: Sams Publishing, page 269
type:
quotation
text:
Why have a one-page chapter that doesn't say anything? At the least, you should present a quine program written in pure ISO C (I can send you one if you like); […] you might refer the interested reader to Ken Thompson's ACM lecture or to another good source of quine-related puzzles. Quines *are* a lot of fun, but why waste time with trivial ASCII-based examples when there are much more fundamental ways to create them?
ref:
2003 May 6, Arthur J. O’Dwyer, “‘A to Z of C’”, in comp.lang.c (Usenet)
type:
quotation
text:
A respectable quine—one that doesn't cheat—is not allowed to do anything as underhand or trivial as seeking the source file on the disk, opening it, and copying (or printing) its contents. Although writing a quine is not always easy, and in fact may seem impossible, it can always be done in any programming language that is Turing complete (see Turing machine), which includes every programming language actually in use.
ref:
2004, David [J.] Darling, “quine”, in The Universal Book of Mathematics: From Abracadabra to Zeno’s Paradoxes, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, page 264, column 2
type:
quotation
text:
SelfGOL can reproduce itself; it can turn other programs into a quine; it can display a scrolling banner; it plays the Game of Life; and it contains no (ordinary) loops, goto statements, or if statements. Control flow is done, well, interestingly.
ref:
2005, Simon Cozens, “Fun with Perl”, in Allison Randal, editor, Advanced Perl Programming, 2nd edition, Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly Media, page 260
type:
quotation
text:
Yet from a different perspective, it [the semantics of a program] describes the process of producing this very code; in other words, it is because object- and meta-language interrelate that makes a quine difficult; in less reflective programs, where means and ends are more separate, this difficulty is not so obvious.
ref:
2008, Julian Rohrhuber, “Implications of Unfolding”, in Uwe Seifert, Jin-hyun Kim, Anthony Moore, editors, Paradoxes of Interactivity: Perspectives for Media Theory, Human-computer Interaction, and Artistic Investigations, Bielefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia: transcript Verlag, part II (Interplay between Art, Science, and Technology), page 179
type:
quotation
text:
Gee, last time I wrote a quine in Lisp it ended up being kind of difficult …
ref:
2009 July 31, Mike Ash, “‘--All You Zombies--’ Title”, in rec.arts.sf.written (Usenet)
type:
quotation
text:
The solution is to make a quine that is also a λ-expression (instead of a list of statements). This is possible, thanks to S-expressions. The way the quine works relies on the fact that its code is a list of statements and that the last one can take a list of the previous ones as arguments.
ref:
2011, Antoine Amarilli [et al.], “Can Code Polymorphism Limit Information Leakage?”, in Claudio Agostino Ardagna, Jianying Zhou, editors, Information Security Theory and Practice: Security and Privacy of Mobile Devices in Wireless Communication […] (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; 6633), Berlin: Springer, archived from the original on 2022-02-06, section 5 (Can Lisp-like Languages Help?), page 14
type:
quotation
text:
A Quine is a program that prints its own code. Quines exist for any programming language that is Turing complete and it is a common challenge for students to come up with a Quine in their language of choice. The Quine Page provides a comprehensive list of such programs in various languages.
ref:
2012, Thomas Meyer, Christian Tschudin, “Robust Network Services with Distributed Code Rewiring”, in Pietro Lio, Dinesh Verma, editors, Biologically Inspired Networking and Sensing: Algorithms and Architectures, Hershey, Pa.: Medical Information Science Reference, IGI Global, section I (New Biologically Inspired Architectures), page 37, column 1
type:
quotation
text:
Upon receiving a "QUINE" request by the client, the server will first send a 01 OK response, and will then provide the client with a quine in the programming language used to implement the server. This quine does not have to be original.
ref:
2013 December 8, Brian Hodgert, “‘Mountains will be Mountains’”, in talk.religion.buddhism (Usenet)
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A program that produces its own source code as output.
senses_topics:
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences |
2469 | word:
quine
word_type:
verb
expansion:
quine (third-person singular simple present quines, present participle quining, simple past and past participle quined)
forms:
form:
quines
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
quining
tags:
participle
present
form:
quined
tags:
participle
past
form:
quined
tags:
past
wikipedia:
American Philosophical Association
Epimenides
Kathleen Atkins
The Philosophical Lexicon
indirect self-referencing
etymology_text:
From Quine, named after the American logician and philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine (1908–2000).
Verb sense 1 (“to append (a text) to a quotation of itself”) was coined by the American cognitive and computer scientist Douglas Hofstadter (born 1945) in his book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid (1979; see the quotation), referring to Quine’s study of indirect self-referencing and in particular Quine’s paradox, the following statement that produces a paradox: “‘Yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation’ yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation.” Hofstadter also referred to the concept of noun sense 1 (“program that produces its own source code as output”) in the book, but termed it a self-rep rather than a quine.
Verb sense 2 (“to deny the importance or significance of (something obviously real or important)”) was independently coined by the American cognitive scientist and philosopher Daniel Dennett (1942–2024) in September 1969 in the original version of his work The Philosophical Lexicon: see the 1987 quotation.
senses_examples:
text:
Anyway, now I know how to quine a phrase. It's quite amusing. Here's a quined phrase: / "IS A SENTENCE FRAGMENT" IS A SENTENCE FRAGMENT. / It's silly but all the same I enjoy it. You take a sentence fragment, quine it, and lo and behold, you've made a sentence! A true sentence, in this case.
ref:
1979, Douglas R[ichard] Hofstadter, “Air on G’s String”, in Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid, New York, N.Y.: Basic Books, part II (EGB), page 435
type:
quotation
text:
"Quining" is what I called it in my book. (He certainly didn't call it that!) Quining is an operation that I define on any string of English. […] Here is an example of a quined phrase: "is a sentence with no subject" is a sentence with no subject.
ref:
1984, Douglas R[ichard] Hofstadter, “Analogies and Metaphors to Explain Gödel’s Theorem”, in Douglas M. Campbell, John C. Higgins, editors, Mathematics: People, Problems, Results, Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth International, page 274
type:
quotation
text:
Diamond arises in Gödelian meta-mathematics. In meta-math, sentences can refer to each other’s provability, and to quining. This yields self-reference: T = “‘is provable when quined’ is provable when quined.” / D = “‘is unprovable when quined’ is unprovable when quined.” […]
ref:
1997, N[athaniel] S. Hellerstein, “Metamathemics”, in Diamond: A Paradox Logic (Series on Knots and Everything; 14), Singapore: World Scientific, part 2 (Advanced Diamond Logic), page 183
type:
quotation
text:
In "Love And Theft", [Bob] Dylan quined the love and theft in his songs in the album's title, "Love And Theft". So the subtext, the meaning of the entire album, when preceded by its quotation, its symbol, yields a paradox.
ref:
2001 October 1, Howard Mirowitz, “Why is L&T in Quotation Marks?”, in rec.music.dylan (Usenet)
type:
quotation
text:
quine. v. (1) To deny resolutely the existence or importance of something real or significant. "Some philosophers have quined classes, and some have even quined physical objects." Occasionally used intr[ansitively], e.g., "You think I quine, sir. I assure you I do not!"]
ref:
[1987, Daniel Dennett, “quine, v.”, in Kathleen Atkins [et al.], edited by Daniel Dennett, The Philosophical Lexicon, 8th edition, Newark, Del.: American Philosophical Association, distributor, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-07-10
type:
quotation
text:
As with the puzzle of what happens during the combustion of a metal in pure oxygen (the "steel wool" experiment), this result can of course be quined. Taking the phlogistic view, we could say that the calx requires the same phlogiston content as the metal, so of course the amount of water absorbed must be in accord with that.
ref:
1993, Howard Margolis, “The Overthrow of Phlogiston: 2”, in Paradigms & Barriers: How Habits of Mind Govern Scientific Beliefs, Chicago, Ill.; London: University of Chicago Press, page 62
type:
quotation
text:
They [some philosophers] deny that mental states and events actually possess the qualitative properties attributed to them by qualia friends and, as a consequence, they advocate quining qualia.
ref:
1999, Elizabeth Pacherie, “Qualia and Representations”, in Denis Fisette, editor, Consciousness and Intentionality: Models and Modalities of Attribution (The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science), Dordrecht, South Holland: Springer Science+Business Media, →DOI, part 2 (Qualia and Perception), page 119
type:
quotation
text:
Qualia are quined not because [Daniel] Dennett imagines that there is nothing it is like to be conscious, but because no clear demarcation can be drawn between representations of qualitative properties and representations of other sorts of states.
ref:
2000, Don Ross, “Introduction: The Dennettian Stance”, in Don Ross, Andrew Brook, David Thompson, editors, Dennett’s Philosophy: A Comprehensive Assessment (A Bradford Book), Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press, page 14
type:
quotation
text:
One of the things that [Ludwig] Wittgenstein is most famous for is quining 'private language'. By saying that private languages can't exist Wittgenstein wanted us to recognize the inescapable function of the social fabric in language's work.
ref:
2008, Daniel Barnett, “The Private Language Machine and the Evolution of a Medium”, in Movement as Meaning: In Experimental Film (Consciousness, Literature & the Arts; 13), Amsterdam, North Holland; New York, N.Y.: Editions Rodopi, →ISSN, part II (Dynamic and Syntactic Universals), page 114
type:
quotation
text:
One might object that in this section I’ve not exactly quined Cartesian qualia, since my denial of the reality of phenomenal colour comes at the cost of accepting the "qualitative character" of sensory experience, with which contemporary philosophers, in fact, often identify qualia.
ref:
2009, Andrew Pessin, “Mental Transparency, Direct Sensation, and the Unity of the Cartesian Mind”, in Jon Miller, editor, Topics in Early Modern Philosophy of Mind (Studies in the History of Philosophy of Mind; 9), Dordrecht, South Holland: Springer, page 34
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To append (a text) to a quotation of itself.
To deny the existence or significance of (something obviously real or important).
senses_topics:
human-sciences
philosophy
sciences |
2470 | word:
quine
word_type:
adj
expansion:
quine (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
PIE word
*pénkʷe
Learned borrowing from Latin quīnī (“five at a time; five together”), a plural form of quīnus (“five at a time; five each”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe (“five; hand”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Of leaves: arranged in whorls of five.
senses_topics:
biology
botany
natural-sciences |
2471 | word:
penny
word_type:
noun
expansion:
penny (plural pennies or pence or (obsolete) pens)
forms:
form:
pennies
tags:
plural
form:
pence
tags:
plural
form:
pens
tags:
obsolete
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English penny, peny, from Old English peniġ, penniġ, penning (“penny”), from Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz, of uncertain origin (see that page for theories). Doublet of pfennig.
senses_examples:
text:
We had not proceeded very far across the south cantilever when we saw a penny lying beside the track, and another a short distance further on. We were to find several more pennies, and some half-pennies, before we reached the north shore. Inspector Bell explained that many passengers try to throw a coin into the Forth, for "good luck," while trains are crossing the bridge.
ref:
1950 March, H. A. Vallance, “On Foot Across the Forth Bridge”, in Railway Magazine, page 150
type:
quotation
text:
Holy shit! A hundred and eleven pennies! At that point, that dog had more Lincoln in him than Mary Todd.
ref:
2015 November 22, “Pennies”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 3, episode 35, John Oliver (actor), via HBO
type:
quotation
text:
to turn an honest penny
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
In the United Kingdom and Ireland, a unit of currency worth ¹⁄₂₄₀ of a pound sterling or Irish pound before decimalisation, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: d.
In the United Kingdom, a unit of currency worth ¹⁄₁₀₀ of a pound sterling, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: p.
In Ireland, a coin worth ¹⁄₁₀₀ of an Irish pound before the introduction of the euro. Abbreviation: p.
In the US and (formerly) Canada, a one-cent coin, worth ¹⁄₁₀₀ of a dollar. Abbreviation: ¢.
In various countries, a small-denomination copper or brass coin.
A unit of nail size, said to be either the cost per 100 nails, or the number of nails per penny. Abbreviation: d.
Money in general.
senses_topics:
|
2472 | word:
penny
word_type:
verb
expansion:
penny (third-person singular simple present pennies, present participle pennying, simple past and past participle pennied)
forms:
form:
pennies
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
pennying
tags:
participle
present
form:
pennied
tags:
participle
past
form:
pennied
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English penny, peny, from Old English peniġ, penniġ, penning (“penny”), from Proto-West Germanic *panning, from Proto-Germanic *panningaz, of uncertain origin (see that page for theories). Doublet of pfennig.
senses_examples:
text:
Zach and Ben had only been at college for a week when their door was pennied by the girls down the hall.
type:
example
text:
You got pennied! Down it, fresher.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To jam a door shut by inserting pennies between the doorframe and the door.
To circumvent the tripping of an electrical circuit breaker by the dangerous practice of inserting a coin in place of a fuse in a fuse socket.
During a meal or as part of a drinking game, to drop a penny in a person's drink with the expectation that they finish it (or some such variation thereof); commonly associated with crewdates at Oxford and swaps at Cambridge.
senses_topics:
business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
|
2473 | word:
realler
word_type:
adj
expansion:
realler
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Alternative spelling of realer
senses_topics:
|
2474 | word:
kindle
word_type:
verb
expansion:
kindle (third-person singular simple present kindles, present participle kindling, simple past and past participle kindled)
forms:
form:
kindles
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
kindling
tags:
participle
present
form:
kindled
tags:
participle
past
form:
kindled
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English kindlen, from Old Norse kynda (“to inflame”), from Proto-Germanic *kundijaną.
senses_examples:
text:
If a person kindle a fire in the house of another person, let him pay for the house to the owner, if it be burned.
ref:
1841, Ancient Laws and Institutes of Wales, page 336
type:
quotation
text:
Energy has seldom been found where we need it when we want it. Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame.
ref:
2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4
type:
quotation
text:
He kindled an enthusiasm for the project in his fellow workers.
type:
example
text:
The unfinished argument which had been smouldering dormantly like some quiescent volcano since Lockyer's day — suddenly boiled over in print. Hawkins' article in Nature kindled response from all quarters.
ref:
2013, Peter Lancaster Brown, Megaliths, Myths and Men: An Introduction to Astro-Archaeology, page 111
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To start (a fire) or light (a torch, a match, coals, etc.).
To arouse or inspire (a passion, etc).
To begin to grow or take hold.
senses_topics:
|
2475 | word:
kindle
word_type:
noun
expansion:
kindle (plural kindles)
forms:
form:
kindles
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English kyndel, from kynde + -el. The verb is derived from the noun form by conversion.
senses_examples:
text:
A kindle of kittens.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A group of kittens.
senses_topics:
|
2476 | word:
kindle
word_type:
verb
expansion:
kindle (third-person singular simple present kindles, present participle kindling, simple past and past participle kindled)
forms:
form:
kindles
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
kindling
tags:
participle
present
form:
kindled
tags:
participle
past
form:
kindled
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English kyndel, from kynde + -el. The verb is derived from the noun form by conversion.
senses_examples:
text:
If she kindled and lost just a few kits and is not bony over her back and hind end, you can rebreed immediately. If she kindled a large litter (more than, say, eight kits), you may wish to wait a week or two before rebreeding so that she can ...
ref:
2014, Karen Patry, The Rabbit-Raising Problem Solver, Storey Publishing, page 146
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To bring forth young; to give birth.
senses_topics:
|
2477 | word:
kindle
word_type:
adj
expansion:
in kindle (not comparable)
forms:
form:
in kindle
tags:
canonical
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English kyndel, from kynde + -el. The verb is derived from the noun form by conversion.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
pregnant
senses_topics:
|
2478 | word:
tetrahedron
word_type:
noun
expansion:
tetrahedron (plural tetrahedrons or tetrahedra)
forms:
form:
tetrahedrons
tags:
plural
form:
tetrahedra
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Ancient Greek τετράεδρον (tetráedron, “triangle-based pyramid”), from τετράεδρος (tetráedros), from τετράς (tetrás, “four”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “seat”). By surface analysis, tetra- + -hedron.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A polyhedron with four faces; the regular tetrahedron, the faces of which are equal equilateral triangles, is one of the Platonic solids.
senses_topics:
geometry
mathematics
sciences |
2479 | word:
blood
word_type:
noun
expansion:
blood (countable and uncountable, plural bloods)
forms:
form:
bloods
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *blōþą
Proto-West Germanic *blōd
Old English blōd
Middle English blood
English blood
From Middle English blood, from Old English blōd, from Proto-West Germanic *blōd, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- ("to swell") + -ó- (thematic vowel) + -to (nominalizer), i.e. "that which bursts out". Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bloud, West Frisian bloed, Dutch bloed, German Blut, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian blod, Icelandic and Faroese blóð.
senses_examples:
text:
Some insects are known for consuming blood.
type:
example
text:
The case was that of a murder. It had an element of mystery about it, however, which was puzzling the authorities. A turban and loincloth soaked in blood had been found; also a staff.
ref:
1927, F. E. Penny, chapter 4, in Pulling the Strings
type:
quotation
text:
An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.
ref:
2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly)
type:
quotation
text:
a friend of our own blood
ref:
1690, Edmund Waller, The Maid's Tragedy Altered
type:
quotation
text:
When I got Bilbo to their surgery the vet took Bilbo in for tests. […] His bloods showed nothing wrong at all.
ref:
2016, Steve Jamieson, Bilbo the Lifeguard Dog
type:
quotation
text:
It is no tautology to call the blood of the grape red or purple, because the juice of that fruit was sometimes white and sometimes black or dark. The arterial blood of our bodies is red, but the venous is called "black blood."
ref:
1841, Benjamin Parsons, Anti-Bacchus, page 95
type:
quotation
text:
Disbudding is merely a species of pruning, and should be done as soon as the lateral buds begin to develop on the cane. It diverts the flow of the plant's blood from many buds into one or a few, thus increasing the size of the flower, [...]
ref:
1901, Levi Leslie Lamborn, American Carnation Culture, fourth edition, page 57
type:
quotation
text:
Look at a leaf. On it are many little raised lines which reach out to all parts of the leaf and back to the stem and twig. These are "veins," full of the tree's blood. It is white and looks very much like water; [...]
ref:
1916, John Gordon Dorrance, The Story of the Forest, page 44
type:
quotation
text:
There was some little undefinable coolness between old General Chattesworth and Devereux. He admired the young fellow, and he liked good blood in his corps, but somehow he was glad when he thought he was likely to go. When old Bligh, of the Magazine, commended the handsome young dog's good looks, the general would grow grave all at once […]
ref:
1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard
type:
quotation
text:
They came looking for blood.
type:
example
text:
Under Henry III. Amboise ceased to be a slaughter-house, as in the preceding reign, but it remained a sort of state prison. It is related that Anne d'Este of Ferrara, wife of Duc de Guise, while assisting once at a series of executions out of the windows of the castle with Catherine de Medicis, suddenly overcome by the horror of the spectacle, turned away, exclaiming passionately, "Ah Madame! how all this blood calls out for blood! what vengeance is being prepared! May God have pity on your sons and on mine!"
ref:
1873, The Monthly Packet of Evening Readings for Members of the English Church, page 31
type:
quotation
text:
He watched out for the men in his unit, for the one woman who had saved them so many years ago when they were still raw teens out for blood and revenge on the world, and he watched out for anyone else they stumbled across in their lives that needed protection.
ref:
2007, Christine Feehan, Deadly Game, Penguin, page 55
type:
quotation
text:
The standard assessment suggests that as the munera became purely a spectacle, they became more murderous because the public wanted to see blood. That the people of Rome were able to indulge this degenerate desire was merely due to the degraded status of the professional gladiator.
ref:
2010, Alison Futrell, Blood in the Arena: The Spectacle of Roman Power, University of Texas Press, page 169
type:
quotation
text:
Blood I swear she just gave man extra chicken? Two fat pieces of chicken.
ref:
2017, Joseph Barnes Phillips, Big Foot ...and Tiny Little Heartstrings
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A vital liquid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals that usually conveys nutrients and oxygen. In vertebrates, it is colored red by hemoglobin, is conveyed by arteries and veins, is pumped by the heart and is usually generated in bone marrow.
A family relationship due to birth, such as that between siblings; contrasted with relationships due to marriage or adoption. (See blood relative, blood relation.)
One of the four humours in the human body.
The endometrial lining as it is shed in menstruation; menstrual fluid.
A blood test or blood sample.
The sap or juice which flows in or from plants.
The juice of anything, especially if red.
Temper of mind; disposition; mood
A lively, showy man; a rake; a dandy.
A blood horse, one of good pedigree.
Bloodshed.
Alternative letter-case form of Blood (“member of a certain gang”)
A friend or acquaintance, especially one who is black and male.
Alternative form of blud (“Informal address to a male.”)
senses_topics:
medicine
sciences
|
2480 | word:
blood
word_type:
verb
expansion:
blood (third-person singular simple present bloods, present participle blooding, simple past and past participle blooded)
forms:
form:
bloods
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
blooding
tags:
participle
present
form:
blooded
tags:
participle
past
form:
blooded
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *blōþą
Proto-West Germanic *blōd
Old English blōd
Middle English blood
English blood
From Middle English blood, from Old English blōd, from Proto-West Germanic *blōd, from Proto-Germanic *blōþą, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- ("to swell") + -ó- (thematic vowel) + -to (nominalizer), i.e. "that which bursts out". Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bloud, West Frisian bloed, Dutch bloed, German Blut, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian blod, Icelandic and Faroese blóð.
senses_examples:
text:
On Sᵗ Stephens day the Farrier came constantly and blouded all the Cart-horses.
ref:
1687, John Aubrey, Remaines of Gentilisme and Judaisme, page 27
type:
quotation
text:
Mr Western, who imputed these symptoms in his daughter to her fall, advised her to be presently blooded by way of prevention.
ref:
1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society, published 1973, page 121
type:
quotation
text:
She had been blooded, he said, 12 times in this last fortnight, and had lost 75 ounces of blood, besides undergoing blistering,and other discipline.
ref:
1785, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin, published 2001, page 212
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To cause something to be covered with blood; to bloody.
To let blood (from); to bleed.
To initiate into warfare or a blood sport, traditionally by smearing with the blood of the first kill witnessed.
senses_topics:
medicine
sciences
|
2481 | word:
country
word_type:
noun
expansion:
country (plural countries)
forms:
form:
countries
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
country (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Middle English contre, contree, contreie, from Old French contree, from Vulgar Latin (terra) contrāta (“(land) lying opposite; (land) spread before”), derived from Latin contra (“against, opposite”). Unrelated to county. Cognate with Scots kintra.
senses_examples:
text:
By one o'clock the place was choc-a-bloc. […] The restaurant was packed, and the promenade between the two main courts and the subsidiary courts was thronged with healthy-looking youngish people, drawn to the Mecca of tennis from all parts of the country.
ref:
1935, George Goodchild, chapter 5, in Death on the Centre Court
type:
quotation
text:
These days corporate Germany looks rather different. Volkswagen, the country’s leading carmaker, wants to be the world’s biggest by 2018.
ref:
2010, The Economist, 3 Feb 2011
text:
The ability to shift profits to low-tax countries by locating intellectual property in them, which is then licensed to related businesses in high-tax countries, is often assumed to be the preserve of high-tech companies.
ref:
2013 June 22, “T time”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 68
type:
quotation
text:
This is condor country – the only region this far east where you can see the magnificent vulture – and a small national park straddling the passes, El Condorito, is a good stopover for walkers and birders.
ref:
2007 February 17, Chris Moss, The Guardian
type:
quotation
text:
I have always thought that one of the main reasons for the popularity of blood sports in the country is the pointlessness of going outdoors with no purpose or destination in mind.
ref:
2000 March 4, Alexander Chancellor, The Guardian
type:
quotation
text:
She grew up in Chang-hua, a city in central Taiwan with a decidedly country flavor.
ref:
2006 May, James B. Weld, Difficulties in Learning English as a Second or Foreign Language, Regis University, page 37
type:
quotation
text:
We walk along flat, open country, red dirt and spinifex grass, a few short trees[…].
ref:
2010 March 7, David Vann, The Observer
type:
quotation
text:
"Me like my country — no much too hot, no much too cold. By and bye, white fellow come — soldier-man come. White fellow say, this our land, that our land — ALL country our land. Black fellow say no! my country no white fellow's country, and black fellow take spear.
ref:
1842 February 16, The Inquirer, Perth, page 5, column 2
type:
quotation
text:
"Yewi," he said, "me bin longa Fanny Bay gaol five years." On my asking why they put him in gaol he replied. "Australia your country, ain't it?" I replied, "Yes, him my country all right." "Well," he then said, "this my country here. Brinken country other side of the river ain't it?" "That's right," said I. "Well," said Jack, "supposem Japanese come longa this country and you killem, you good man, but suppose Brinken come longa my country here, and I kill him, police man put me longa Fanny Bay for five years. That is the law."
ref:
1945 September 27, The Chronicle, Adelaide, page 35, column 4
type:
quotation
text:
It demonstrates that having Indigenous people on country managing their lands, delivering environmental benefits for all Australians is an important asset for the national good.
ref:
2008 July 23, The Torres News, page 5, column 1
type:
quotation
text:
What country do you live/work on? I work on Yuggera Yuggarapul country and I'm from Darwin, Larrakia country.
ref:
2021 July 8, The Air Force News, page 16, column 2
type:
quotation
text:
a country song
type:
example
text:
a country singer
type:
example
text:
a country festival
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The territory of a nation, especially an independent nation state or formerly independent nation; a political entity asserting ultimate authority over a geographical area; a sovereign state.
A set region of land having particular human occupation or agreed limits, especially inhabited by members of the same race, speakers of the same language etc., or associated with a given person, occupation, species etc.
A rural area, as opposed to a town or city; the countryside.
An area of land; a district, region.
Traditional lands of Indigenous people with embedded cultural, spiritual, cosmological, ecological, and physical attributes and values.
Ellipsis of country music.
The rock through which a vein runs.
senses_topics:
business
mining |
2482 | word:
country
word_type:
adj
expansion:
country (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
country (disambiguation)
etymology_text:
From Middle English contre, contree, contreie, from Old French contree, from Vulgar Latin (terra) contrāta (“(land) lying opposite; (land) spread before”), derived from Latin contra (“against, opposite”). Unrelated to county. Cognate with Scots kintra.
senses_examples:
text:
We have seen that the Company manufactured silk stuffs at three of its Residencies, but from country-wound silk.
ref:
1872, Silk in India, page 16
type:
quotation
text:
A reference to the Annual Administration Reports of the Department of Horse-breeding Operations […] will allow of the opinion being arrived at, that the breed of country horses under the present regime is steadily improving.
ref:
1884, Journal of the United Service Institution of India, page 185
type:
quotation
text:
Country harness costs nearly as much, lasts half the time, and is in every respect inferior. It is understood that the only reason is that the Court desires to improve and encourage Indian manufactures.
ref:
1937, Brigadier-General H. A. Young, The East India Company’s Arsenals & Manufactories
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
From or in the countryside or connected with it.
Of or connected to country music.
Originating in India rather than being imported from Europe or elsewhere.
senses_topics:
|
2483 | word:
drug
word_type:
noun
expansion:
drug (plural drugs)
forms:
form:
drugs
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English drogge (“medicine”), from Old French drogue, drocque (“tincture, pharmaceutical product”), from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German droge, as in droge vate (“dry vats, dry barrels”), mistaking droge for the contents, which were usually dried herbs, plants or wares. Droge comes from Middle Dutch drōghe (“dry”), from Old Dutch drōgi (“dry”), from Proto-Germanic *draugiz (“dry, hard”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”). Cognate with English dry, Dutch droog (“dry”), German trocken (“dry”).
senses_examples:
text:
Aspirin is a drug that reduces pain, acts against inflammation and lowers body temperature.
type:
example
text:
The revenues from both brand-name drugs and generic drugs have increased.
type:
example
text:
take drugs
type:
example
text:
she used to be a drug addict
type:
example
text:
We were somewhere around Barstow on the edge of the desert when the drugs began to take hold.
ref:
1971, Hunter S. Thompson, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, Harper Perennial, published 2005, page 3
type:
quotation
text:
You have a twelve-year-old kid being told from the time he's like five years old that all drugs are bad, they're going to screw you up, don't try them. Just say no. Then they try pot.
ref:
March 1991, unknown student, "Antihero opinion", SPIN, page 70
text:
The only thing working against the poor Drug Abuse Resistance Officer is high-school students. ... He'd offer his simple lesson: Drugs are bad, people who use drugs are bad, and abstinence is the only answer.
ref:
2005, Thomas Brent Andrews, The Pot Plan: Louie B. Stumblin and the War on Drugs, Chronic Discontent Books, page 19
type:
quotation
text:
Inspiration is my drug. Such things as spirituality, booze, travel, psychedelics, contemplation, music, dance, laughter, wilderness, and ribaldry — these have simply been the different forms of the drug of inspiration for which I have had great need […]
ref:
2005, Jack Haas, Om, Baby!: a Pilgrimage to the Eternal Self, page 8
type:
quotation
text:
Fear was my drug of choice. I thrived on scary movies, ghost stories and rollercoasters. I dreamed of playing the last girl left alive in a slasher film — the one who screams herself hoarse as she discovers her friends' bodies one by one.
ref:
2009, Niki Flynn, Dances with Werewolves, page 8
type:
quotation
text:
2010, Kesha Rose Sebert (Ke$ha), with Pebe Sebert and Joshua Coleman (Ammo), Your Love is My Drug
text:
The truth is...eating is my drug. When I am upset, I eat...when I am sad, I eat...when I am happy, I eat.
ref:
2011, Joslyn Shy, Introducing the Truth, page 5
type:
quotation
text:
And virtue shall a drug become.
ref:
1685, John Dryden, Albion and Albanius
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A substance used to treat an illness, relieve a symptom, or modify a chemical process in the body for a specific purpose.
A psychoactive substance, especially one which is illegal and addictive, ingested for recreational use, such as cocaine.
Anything, such as a substance, emotion, or action, to which one is addicted.
Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand.
Short for drugstore.
senses_topics:
medicine
pharmacology
sciences
|
2484 | word:
drug
word_type:
verb
expansion:
drug (third-person singular simple present drugs, present participle drugging, simple past and past participle drugged)
forms:
form:
drugs
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
drugging
tags:
participle
present
form:
drugged
tags:
participle
past
form:
drugged
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English drogge (“medicine”), from Old French drogue, drocque (“tincture, pharmaceutical product”), from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German droge, as in droge vate (“dry vats, dry barrels”), mistaking droge for the contents, which were usually dried herbs, plants or wares. Droge comes from Middle Dutch drōghe (“dry”), from Old Dutch drōgi (“dry”), from Proto-Germanic *draugiz (“dry, hard”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”). Cognate with English dry, Dutch droog (“dry”), German trocken (“dry”).
senses_examples:
text:
She suddenly felt strange, and only then realized she'd been drugged.
type:
example
text:
She suddenly felt strange. She realized her drink must have been drugged.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To administer intoxicating drugs to, generally without the recipient's knowledge or consent.
To add intoxicating drugs to with the intention of drugging someone.
To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines.
senses_topics:
|
2485 | word:
drug
word_type:
verb
expansion:
drug
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
Germanic ablaut formation. If old, a doublet of drew, from Middle English drug, drog, drugh, drogh, from Old English drōg, from Proto-Germanic *drōg; compare Dutch droeg, German trug, Swedish drog. If secondary, probably formed by analogy with hang.
senses_examples:
text:
You look like someone drug you behind a horse for half a mile.
type:
example
text:
look what the cat drug in
type:
example
text:
[…] their faces were masked, so that no one, seeing a free and graceful gesture or a pretty face, would feel like something the cat drug in.
ref:
1961, Kurt Vonnegut, Harrison Bergeron
type:
quotation
text:
When Blackburn called, I drug the telephone cord twenty feet out of the office and sat on the cord while I talked with him.
ref:
2005, Diane Wilson, An Unreasonable Woman: A True Story of Shrimpers, page 193
type:
quotation
text:
It's about time you drug it home, Jeff!
ref:
2009 August 13, Tom Armstrong, Marvin (comic)
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past and past participle of drag
senses_topics:
|
2486 | word:
drug
word_type:
noun
expansion:
drug (plural drugs)
forms:
form:
drugs
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A drudge.
senses_topics:
|
2487 | word:
shew
word_type:
verb
expansion:
shew (third-person singular simple present shews, present participle shewing, simple past shewed, past participle shewn or shewed or (obsolete) shewen)
forms:
form:
shews
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
shewing
tags:
participle
present
form:
shewed
tags:
past
form:
shewn
tags:
participle
past
form:
shewed
tags:
participle
past
form:
shewen
tags:
obsolete
participle
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
I give it you without any other design than to shew you that I reckon nothing dear to me, when I want to do you a pleasure.
ref:
1774, “The Governor surprized the Natchez with seven hundred Men.”, in The History of Louisiana: Or of the Western Parts of Virginia and Carolina: Containing a Description of the Countries that Lie on Both Sides of the River Mississippi: with an Account of the Settlements, Inhabitants, Soil, Climate, and Products, London: T. Becket, translation of original by Le Page Du Pratz, page 42
type:
quotation
text:
1884: Edwin A. Abbott, Flatland, Sec. 4, Concerning the Women
But, as I shall soon shew, this custom, though it has the advantage of safety, is not without its disadvantages.
text:
1908: T. J. I'a Bromwich, An Introduction to the Theory of Infinite Series, Power Series, Derangement of expansions.
Expand the series 1/(1-x)-x/((1-x)³)+(1·3)/(2!)(x²)/((1-x)³)-(1·3·5)/(3!)(x³)/((1-x)⁷)+⋯ powers of x, shewing that the coefficient of xⁿ is S_n=1+∑₁ⁿ(-1)ʳ((n+r)!)/((r!)²(n-r)!)1/(2ʳ).
text:
Within the Christian sphere this current shews itself more especially in the territories of the Greek and Aramaic languages, and the difference between the Greek and Latin Churches is mainly that between Asia and Europe.
ref:
1913, John Bagnell Bury, “The Expansion of the Saracens—The East; Historical aspect of Islam”, in Henry Melvill Gwatkin, James Pounder Whitney, editors, The Cambridge Medieval History, volume 2, New York: The Macmillan Company, translation of original by Carl Heinrich Becker, published 1967, The Rise of the Saracens and the foundation of the Western Empire, page 330
type:
quotation
text:
I would ask myself what o'clock it could be; I could hear the whistling of trains, which, now nearer and now farther off, punctuating the distance like the note of a bird in a forest, shewed me in perspective the deserted countryside through which a traveller would be hurrying towards the nearest station: the path that he followed being fixed forever in his memory but the general excitement due to being in a strange place, to farewells exchanged beneath an unfamiliar lamp which echoed still in his ears amid the silence of the night; and to the delightful prospect of being once again at home.
ref:
1921, Marcel Proust, translated by C. K. Moncrieff, Swann's Way, page 1
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Archaic spelling of show.
senses_topics:
|
2488 | word:
shew
word_type:
noun
expansion:
shew (plural shews)
forms:
form:
shews
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
Cannot the body weepe without the eies? / Yes and frame deepeſt canzons of lament, / Cannot the body feare, without it lies / Vpon the outward ſhew of diſcontent: […]
ref:
1597, Thomas Middleton, The Wisdome of Solomon Paraphrased, London: […] Valentine Sems, […]
type:
quotation
text:
And if he did apprehend (as they ſay) nothing by the iudgement of men, he had no need to carrie his mortification ſo farre, as to dompt and ſubject his moſt inward and ſecret motions, and to pull downe the moſt liuely and ſecret prouocations of his fleſh: but it had bene ſufficient for him to haue vſed diſſimulation, and ſome outward ſhew of pretended reformation.
ref:
1620, Peter du Moulin [i.e., Pierre Du Moulin], “The Twentieth Article. Of Iustification by Faith, and What True Faith Is.”, in [anonymous], transl., The Bvckler of the Faith: Or, A Defence of the Confession of Faith of the Reformed Churches in France, against the Obiections of M. [Jean] Arnoux the Iesuite. […], London: […] R[ichard] F[ield] for Nathanael Newbery, […], →OCLC, section 49 (Of the Feare of the Faithfull, and Whether It Derogateth Anything from the Certainty of Saluation), page 144
type:
quotation
text:
I NEXT paſſed into the choir; a ſcene of transformation indeed! I had been accuſtomed to contemplate here a far different order of things. Our profeſſional Merlins have waved their wands to ſome purpoſe; and all view, as their familiars invited me to believe, was to be given up to the momentary glance at an Eidophuſicon ſhew of the Reſurrection filling the Eaſt window in that ſpot late our Lady’s chapel, now the termination of the choir.
ref:
1803 December, an Architect, “The Pursuits of Architectural Innovation. No. LXVI. Salisbury Cathedral continued.”, in The Gentleman’s Magazine, London: […] Nichols and Son, […], page 1122, column 1
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Archaic spelling of show.
senses_topics:
|
2489 | word:
shew
word_type:
verb
expansion:
shew
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
As I travelled, the signposts shew me the way.
type:
example
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
simple past of show
senses_topics:
|
2490 | word:
shew
word_type:
verb
expansion:
shew (third-person singular simple present shews, present participle shewing, simple past and past participle shewed)
forms:
form:
shews
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
shewing
tags:
participle
present
form:
shewed
tags:
participle
past
form:
shewed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
senses_examples:
text:
Shew! fly, don't bother me, Shew! fly, don't bother me, Shew! fly, don't bother me, I belong to comp'ny G.
ref:
1869, Frank Campbell, Shew! fly, don't bother me
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Nonstandard spelling of shoo.
senses_topics:
|
2491 | word:
Sunday
word_type:
noun
expansion:
Sunday (plural Sundays)
forms:
form:
Sundays
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæġ (“day of the sun”), from sunne (“sun”), + dæġ (“day”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunnōn dag, as a translation (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Sōlis; declared the "venerable day of the sun" by Roman Emperor Constantine on March 7, 321 C.E..
Compare Saterland Frisian Sundai (“Sunday”), German Low German Sünndag, Dutch zondag, West Frisian snein, German Sonntag, Danish søndag.
senses_examples:
text:
Every day is like Sunday / Every day is silent and grey
ref:
1988, Morrissey (lyrics and music), “Everyday Is Like Sunday”, in Viva Hate
type:
quotation
text:
And after missing a simple header in the first half, the Manchester United striker ensured England topped Group D to set up a quarter-final meeting with Italy in Kiev on Sunday.
ref:
2012 June 19, Phil McNulty, “England 1-0 Ukraine”, in BBC Sport
type:
quotation
text:
I gave him the switchboard with my love, went down to the Savoy for breakfast and read the Sundays.
ref:
1974, John le Carré, Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy
type:
quotation
text:
It just wasn't his thing, although he did beautiful Sundays for however long he did them. So as soon as he could, he hired someone to do the Sundays. Karen and I would do some dailies, but we were the Sunday artists.
ref:
2017, Mark Arnold, Pocket Full of Dennis the Menace
type:
quotation
text:
Your face is the color of a Sunday swimmer who swallowed half the pool.
ref:
2010 November 9, Rosemary Wells, On the Blue Comet, Candlewick Press, page 113
type:
quotation
text:
My limbs felt hollow, empty. Empty, empty, empty. A Sunday cyclist on a casual ride could have passed me.
ref:
2010 March 30, Lance Armstrong, Every Second Counts, Random House, page 51
type:
quotation
text:
Below, a Sunday painter dabs at a canvas near the Pont Neuf, his suit as natty as any Landru wore. He tilts his bowler hat and steps back to view his efforts. 'What is a Sunday painter?' Matisse says aloud. 'When we start, we are all Sunday painters.'
ref:
2010 December 15, Peter Everett, Matisse's War, Random House
type:
quotation
text:
If he even tries it, then his addiction will take over again. An alcoholic can never become a “Sunday drinker”.
ref:
2016 January 18, Renars Sidrabs, Memoirs of a Drunk, Xlibris Corporation
type:
quotation
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.
A newspaper published on Sunday.
A comic strip published in a Sunday newspaper.
Describes someone who does something occasionally or casually, and therefore without skill.
senses_topics:
|
2492 | word:
Sunday
word_type:
verb
expansion:
Sunday (third-person singular simple present Sundays, present participle Sundaying, simple past and past participle Sundayed)
forms:
form:
Sundays
tags:
present
singular
third-person
form:
Sundaying
tags:
participle
present
form:
Sundayed
tags:
participle
past
form:
Sundayed
tags:
past
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæġ (“day of the sun”), from sunne (“sun”), + dæġ (“day”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunnōn dag, as a translation (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Sōlis; declared the "venerable day of the sun" by Roman Emperor Constantine on March 7, 321 C.E..
Compare Saterland Frisian Sundai (“Sunday”), German Low German Sünndag, Dutch zondag, West Frisian snein, German Sonntag, Danish søndag.
senses_examples:
text:
I waded through accounts of new calves and colts, new fences and barns, who “Sundayed” with his brother, etc., and soon had a list of all the cases in that part of the country.
ref:
1910, Arthur B. Reeve, The Silent Bullet, section III
type:
quotation
text:
The dogs and I were Sundaying on the garden lawn.
ref:
1944, Emily Carr, “Kipling”, in The House of All Sorts
type:
quotation
text:
2016, Brian Finnegan, “Your Sunday Best,” in totallydublin.ie,
When we’re Sundaying in the city, I like nothing better than to roll out of bed and head straight for Noshington on the corner of South Circular Road and Washington Street, for one of their hugely satisfying weekend brunch options.
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
To spend Sunday (at a certain place, with a certain person or people, etc.).
senses_topics:
|
2493 | word:
Sunday
word_type:
adv
expansion:
Sunday (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
etymology_text:
From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæġ (“day of the sun”), from sunne (“sun”), + dæġ (“day”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunnōn dag, as a translation (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Sōlis; declared the "venerable day of the sun" by Roman Emperor Constantine on March 7, 321 C.E..
Compare Saterland Frisian Sundai (“Sunday”), German Low German Sünndag, Dutch zondag, West Frisian snein, German Sonntag, Danish søndag.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
On Sunday.
senses_topics:
|
2494 | word:
Albanian
word_type:
adj
expansion:
Albanian (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
Albanian language
etymology_text:
From Middle French Albanien, from Old French Albanie (“Albania”), from Medieval Latin Albania, from Vulgar Latin Albanus (“Albanian”), from Ancient Greek Ἀλβανοί (Albanoí, “a southern Illyrian tribe”). Compare old Albanian endonym arbën, arbër (“Albanian”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Of, from, or pertaining to Albania, the Albanian people or the Albanian language.
senses_topics:
|
2495 | word:
Albanian
word_type:
noun
expansion:
Albanian (plural Albanians)
forms:
form:
Albanians
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Albanian language
etymology_text:
From Middle French Albanien, from Old French Albanie (“Albania”), from Medieval Latin Albania, from Vulgar Latin Albanus (“Albanian”), from Ancient Greek Ἀλβανοί (Albanoí, “a southern Illyrian tribe”). Compare old Albanian endonym arbën, arbër (“Albanian”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
A person from Albania or of Albanian descent.
senses_topics:
|
2496 | word:
Albanian
word_type:
name
expansion:
Albanian
forms:
wikipedia:
Albanian language
etymology_text:
From Middle French Albanien, from Old French Albanie (“Albania”), from Medieval Latin Albania, from Vulgar Latin Albanus (“Albanian”), from Ancient Greek Ἀλβανοί (Albanoí, “a southern Illyrian tribe”). Compare old Albanian endonym arbën, arbër (“Albanian”).
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
The languages spoken by the Albanian people, primarily spoken in Albania and Kosovo.
The languages spoken by the Albanian people, primarily spoken in Albania and Kosovo.
(ISO 639 language codes: sq/sqi/alb (Albanian), als (Tosk), aln (Gheg), aat (Arvanitika), aae (Arbëresh).)
senses_topics:
|
2497 | word:
Albanian
word_type:
adj
expansion:
Albanian (not comparable)
forms:
wikipedia:
Albanian language
etymology_text:
From (Caucasian) Albania + -ian.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Synonym of Caucasian Albanian
senses_topics:
|
2498 | word:
Albanian
word_type:
noun
expansion:
Albanian (countable and uncountable, plural Albanians)
forms:
form:
Albanians
tags:
plural
wikipedia:
Albanian language
etymology_text:
From (Caucasian) Albania + -ian.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
Synonym of Caucasian Albanian
senses_topics:
|
2499 | word:
Albanian
word_type:
adj
expansion:
Albanian (comparative more Albanian, superlative most Albanian)
forms:
form:
more Albanian
tags:
comparative
form:
most Albanian
tags:
superlative
wikipedia:
Albanian language
etymology_text:
From Albany + -ian.
senses_examples:
senses_categories:
senses_glosses:
of or from the city of Albany, New York State
senses_topics:
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.