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Nissan RD engine | Nissan RD engine | Since the Nissan RD engine is based on the Nissan RB engine, they have many similarities and many parts are interchangeable. The engine block was similar to the RB30 engine except it had more material, was heavier and had 85mm bore vs the 86mm bore of the RB30 and a 83mm stroke vs 85mm stroke. One issue is that the str... |
Nissan RD engine | RD28 | 2.8 L (2,826 cc) SOHC, 85 mm (3.35 in) bore RD28 Series 1 12 valves (two per cylinder). When originally introduced, JIS gross were used rather than JIS net, meaning that early information claims 100 PS (74 kW; 99 bhp) and 18.5 kg⋅m (181 N⋅m; 134 lb⋅ft) at the same engine speeds.94 PS (69 kW; 93 bhp) at 4,800 rpm18 kg⋅m... |
Nissan RD engine | RD28 | RD28 Series 2 100 PS (74 kW; 99 bhp) at 4,800 rpm18.2 kg⋅m (178 N⋅m; 132 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm Nissan Cedric / Nissan Gloria Y32 & Y33 series 1993–1999 Nissan Laurel C34 - C35 series 1994–1999 RD28E 100 PS (74 kW; 99 bhp) at 4,800 rpm18.2 kg⋅m (178 N⋅m; 132 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm Commercial (taxi) Nissan Cedric Y31 series s... |
Nissan RD engine | RD28T | 2.8 L (2,826 cc) SOHC turbodiesel125 PS (92 kW; 123 bhp) at 4,400 rpm26 kg⋅m (255 N⋅m; 188 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm Nissan Safari Spirit series Y60 2-door soft-top 1996–1997 Nissan Civilian Bus RD28ETi1 electronically controlled turbodiesel with an intercooler135 PS (99 kW; 133 bhp) at 4,000 rpm29.3 kg⋅m (287 N⋅m; 212 lb⋅ft... |
Arch Linux ARM | Arch Linux ARM | Arch Linux ARM is a port of Arch Linux for ARM processors. Its design philosophy is "simplicity and full control to the end user," and like its parent operating system Arch Linux, aims to be very Unix-like. This goal of minimalism and complete user control, however, can make it difficult for Linux beginners as it requi... |
Arch Linux ARM | History and development | Arch Linux ARM is based on Arch Linux, which is a minimalist Linux distribution first released on March 11, 2002. The idea of making a single, official port of Arch Linux for devices with ARM processors was born from members of the Arch Linux PlugApps and ArchMobile development teams, notably Mike Staszel, who went on ... |
Arch Linux ARM | Supported processors | Unlike Arch Linux, which is aimed at x86-64 CPUs, Arch Linux ARM targets ARM CPUs and, as a result, many single-board computers such as the Raspberry Pi.There is support for: ARMv7 1st generation Cortex-A8 platforms, such as the BeagleBoard or Cubieboard ARMv7 2nd generation Cortex-A9 and Tegra platforms, such as the P... |
Arch Linux ARM | Reception | Arch Linux ARM has gained popularity as a lightweight Linux distribution, and in 2014 was growing in popularity among single-board computer hobbyists. Arch Linux ARM is also known for having good community support. In 2021-2022, The Asahi Linux Project used a tailored version of Arch Linux ARM with the use of special i... |
Tropical green building | Tropical green building | Tropical Green Building refers to a style of construction that focuses on energy reduction, reduced use of chemicals, and supporting local labor and community. This requires close cooperation of the design team, the architects, the engineers, and the client at all project stages, from site selection, scheme formation, ... |
Tropical green building | Tropical green building | Generally, tropical green building also seeks to reduce power consumption through intelligent architecture, such as by allowing in much natural light so electric lights aren't needed during the daytime, and at night, using white-painted roofs, ceilings and low-energy light bulbs such as compact fluorescents or LED lamp... |
Tribsoft | Tribsoft | Tribsoft was a Canadian software company that specialized in porting computer games to the Linux platform. |
Tribsoft | Tribsoft | It was responsible for porting Jagged Alliance 2, as well as gaining the porting rights to Europa Universalis, Majesty: The Fantasy Kingdom Sim and Jagged Alliance 2: Unfinished Business. In the end only Majesty was ever ported and that was done by Linux Game Publishing. Europa Universalis II was also said to be coming... |
Spore-like cell | Spore-like cell | Spore-like cells were proposed to be pluripotent cells that lie dormant in animal tissue and become active under stress or injury as adult stem cells, exhibiting behavior characteristic of spores. They were proposed in 2001 by brothers Charles and Martin Vacanti and colleagues. Further work in collaboration with Japane... |
Spore-like cell | Characteristics | Spore-like cells were said to be a specific class of stem cells in adult organisms, including humans, which are small, versatile, and most frequently remain in a dormant "spore-like" state as the rest of the cells of the organism divide, grow, and die. Despite their dormancy, they apparently retain the ability to grow,... |
Spore-like cell | Characteristics | Spore-like cells were said to remain viable in unprepared tissue (using no special preservation techniques), frozen at -86 °C and then thawed, or heated to 85 °C for more than 30 minutes. This has led researchers to try to revitalize spore-like cells from tissue samples of frozen carcasses deposited in permafrost for d... |
Spore-like cell | Later work | Charles Vacanti continued to work on these cells when he moved to Harvard, including with thoracic surgeon Koji Kojima who identified them in lung tissue. Working with a graduate student Haruko Obokata in his lab at Harvard from 2008, Vacanti later refined this theory to suggest that stress or injury could actually tri... |
Bicategory | Bicategory | In mathematics, a bicategory (or a weak 2-category) is a concept in category theory used to extend the notion of category to handle the cases where the composition of morphisms is not (strictly) associative, but only associative up to an isomorphism. The notion was introduced in 1967 by Jean Bénabou.
Bicategories may b... |
Bicategory | Definition | Formally, a bicategory B consists of: objects a, b, ... called 0-cells; morphisms f, g, ... with fixed source and target objects called 1-cells; "morphisms between morphisms" ρ, σ, ... with fixed source and target morphisms (which should have themselves the same source and the same target), called 2-cells;with some mor... |
Bicategory | Example: Boolean monoidal category | Consider a simple monoidal category, such as the monoidal preorder Bool based on the monoid M = ({T, F}, ∧, T). As a category this is presented with two objects {T, F} and single morphism g: F → T.
We can reinterpret this monoid as a bicategory with a single object x (one 0-cell); this construction is analogous to cons... |
Embryokine | Embryokine | Embryokines (Greek: embryuon "embryo" + kinōs "movement") are regulatory molecules produced by the oviduct and endometrium in the reproductive tract that modulate embryonic growth and development.Embryokines include growth factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1, and activin a transforming growth factor; cytokines... |
SARS-CoV-2 in mink | SARS-CoV-2 in mink | Both the American mink and the European mink have shown high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 since the earliest stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, first in mink farms across Europe, followed by mink farms in the United States. Mortality has been extremely high among mink, with 35–55% of infected adult animals dying from COV... |
SARS-CoV-2 in mink | Transmission | Due to the mink ACE2 receptor being a similar or better fit for SARS-CoV-2 compared to humans and the cramped living conditions of farm-raised animals, mink readily transmit SARS-CoV-2 to one another and develop symptoms of COVID-19. Additionally, Dutch researchers determined that the bedding materials and airborne dus... |
SARS-CoV-2 in mink | Mutations and variants | In Denmark, there have been five clusters of mink variants of SARS-CoV-2; the Danish State Serum Institute (SSI) has designated these as clusters 1–5 (Danish: cluster 1–5). In Cluster 5, also referred to as ΔFVI‑spike by the SSI, several different mutations in the spike protein of the virus have been confirmed. The spe... |
Shakes (timber) | Shakes (timber) | Shakes are cracks in timber. Arising in cut timber they generally cause a reduction in strength. When found in a log they can result in a significant amount of waste, when a log is converted to lumber. Apart from heart shakes, often found in trees felled past their best, shakes in a log have no effect on the strength o... |
Shakes (timber) | Shakes (timber) | In the majority of cases of shake, the underlying cause is a weakening of the wood due to action by anaerobic bacteria which have entered the tree stem through the root system. researchers have isolated anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria from shake surfaces, in particular the anaerobes "Clostridiu" Research s... |
Shakes (timber) | Heart shake | Heart shake is a crack in the heartwood, near the centre of the tree. It is caused by poor seasoning, or by using trees felled past maturity. |
Shakes (timber) | Star shake | A crack or cracks propagating from near the edge of the log towards the centre, usually along the line of the medullary rays, causing the wood to shrink more at right angles to the medullary rays than along them, causing warping of anything made from the wood. The cause is often rapid or uneven seasoning, causing the o... |
Shakes (timber) | Frost shake | Frost shake begins on the outside where moisture from rain or other means has penetrated, and freezes, causing damage to the wood on the inside. |
Shakes (timber) | Cup or ring shake | A cup or ring shake follows the line of annual rings. The separation of the rings is generally caused during the growth of the tree, either by a check in the growth, or by bending and twisting under high winds. |
Shakes (timber) | Thunder shake or upset | Thunder shake is across the grain, and hard to detect until the boards are being planed. It is caused by shock to the wood, such as thunder, or concussion during felling. This fault seriously weakens the timber. |
Richard Vuduc | Richard Vuduc | Richard Vuduc is a tenured professor of computer science at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His research lab, The HPC Garage, studies high-performance computing, scientific computing, parallel algorithms, modeling, and engineering. He is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). As of 2022, Vuduc ... |
Richard Vuduc | Education | Dr. Vuduc received his Ph.D. in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 2004. He received his B.S in computer science at Cornell University in 1997. He is also an alumnus of the Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in Alexandria, Virginia. |
Richard Vuduc | Academic career | Vuduc was a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Center for Advanced Scientific Computing at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. He has served as an associate editor of both the International Journal of High-Performance Computing Applications and IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. He co-chaired the T... |
Richard Vuduc | Major honors and awards | Member of the DARPA Computer Science Study Group Recipient NSF CAREER award Collaborative Gordon Bell Prize 2010 Lockheed-Martin Aeronautics Company Dean’s Award for Teaching Excellence 2013 Best Paper Awards, including the SIAM Conference on Data Mining (SDM, 2012) and IEEE Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposiu... |
Richard Vuduc | Major publications | Williams, Samuel; Oliker, Leonid; Vuduc, Richard; Shalf, John; Yelick, Katherine; Demmel, James (2007). "Optimization of sparse matrix-vector multiplication on emerging multicore platforms". Proceedings of the 2007 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing - SC '07. p. 1. doi:10.1145/1362622.1362674. ISBN 9781595937643. S2... |
Student teams-achievement divisions | Student teams-achievement divisions | Student teams-achievement divisions (STAD) is a Cooperative learning strategy in which small groups of learners with different levels of ability work together to accomplish a shared learning goal. It was devised by Robert Slavin and his associates at Johns Hopkins University. |
Student teams-achievement divisions | Student teams-achievement divisions | STAD is considered as one of the most researched, simplest, and most straightforward of all cooperative learning. It was established based on the fulfillment of instructional pedagogy. It is used in meeting well-defined instructional objectives. It is a learning strategy in which there are small group of learners with ... |
Student teams-achievement divisions | Working of STAD | The students are placed in small groups or teams. The class in its entirety is presented with a lesson and students are subsequently tested. Individuals are graded on the team's performance . Although the tests are taken individually, students are encouraged to work together to improve the overall performance of the gr... |
Student teams-achievement divisions | Working of STAD | The teacher teaches a lesson to the students and they then work in teams and ensure that they have mastered the lesson. The students take individual quizzes on the material, at which they may not help each other. Their scores are compared to their own past averages and points are awarded on the basis of the degree to w... |
Student teams-achievement divisions | Working of STAD | STAD has been used in a wide variety of subjects from mathematics to language, arts to social science and used from 2nd grade in schools through college. It is the most appropriate for teaching well defined objectives by incorporating more open-ended assessments, such as essays or performance.In STAD, students are assi... |
Student teams-achievement divisions | Working of STAD | Teach In the teaching stage, the teacher presents materials usually in a lecture-discussion format. Students should be told what it is they are going to learn and why it is important.
Team study In the team study stage, group members work cooperatively with teacher-provided worksheets and answer sheets.
Test In the tes... |
Student teams-achievement divisions | Components of STAD | Class presentation Teams Quizzes Individual improvement score Team recognition Advantages Group has greater information resources than individuals do Group has to employ a greater number of creative problem-solving methods Group members gain a better understanding of themselves as they interact with each other.
Working... |
CX-516 | CX-516 | CX-516 is an ampakine and nootropic that acts as an AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator and had been undergoing development by a collaboration between Cortex, Shire, and Servier. It was studied as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease under the brand name Ampalex, and was also being examined as a treatm... |
CX-516 | CX-516 | CX-516 was the first ampakine compound developed by Cortex and while it showed good in vitro activity and positive results in animal tests, the human trials proved disappointing due mainly to low potency and short half-life. However, CX-516 is still widely used in animal research into the ampakine drugs and is the stan... |
Forelock | Forelock | The forelock or foretop is a part of a horse's mane, that grows from the animal's poll and falls forward between the ears and onto the forehead. Some breeds, particularly pony breeds, have a naturally thick forelock, while other breeds, such as many Thoroughbreds, have a thinner forelock. Primitive wild equines such as... |
Forelock | Purpose | Little research has been published on the purpose of the forelock. However, the thick forelock is more prevalent in breeds developed in the cold, wet climates of northern Europe and is minimal on wild horse subspecies and other equine species adapted to hot, dry climates, such as the zebra or donkey. It tends to be fin... |
Forelock | Grooming | In competition the forelock is braided for some events, such as those in the dressage and hunt seat disciplines. Conversely, some breeds, such as the Andalusian, are usually shown with a long, full, forelock that is never braided. Other breeds may confine the forelock with rubber bands and anchor it to the bridle. The ... |
Forelock | Human use | Forelock is slang for a human hairstyle popular in the 1980s. In the 19th century, it was a common salute where a person saluted another by "tugging the forelock" (see Salute). |
Reed mat (craft) | Reed mat (craft) | Reed mats are handmade mats of plaited reed or other plant material. |
Reed mat (craft) | East Asia | In Japan, a traditional reed mat is the tatami (畳). Tatami are covered with a weft-faced weave of soft rush (藺草, igusa) (common rush), on a warp of hemp or weaker cotton. There are four warps per weft shed, two at each end (or sometimes two per shed, one at each end, to cut costs). The doko (core) is traditionally made... |
Reed mat (craft) | Southeast Asia | In the Philippines, woven reed mats are called banig. They are used as sleeping mats or floor mats, and were also historically used as sails. They come in many different weaving styles and typically have colorful geometric patterns unique to the ethnic group that created them. They are made from buri palm leaves, panda... |
Reed mat (craft) | Southeast Asia | One popular kind of Thai mat is made from a kind of reed known as Kachud, which grows in the southern marshes. After the reeds are harvested, they are steeped in mud, which toughens them and prevents them from becoming brittle. They are then dried in the sun for a time and pounded flat, after which they are ready to be... |
Reed mat (craft) | Southeast Asia | Other mats are produced in different parts of Thailand, most notably in the eastern province of Chanthaburi. Durable as well as attractive, they are plaited entirely by hand with an intricacy that makes the best resemble finely woven fabrics. |
Reed mat (craft) | South Asia | In India, reed mats (called paay in Tamil or chatai in Hindi) are used as cooling and eco-friendly floor coverings. |
Sommerfeld parameter | Sommerfeld parameter | The Sommerfeld parameter η, named after Arnold Sommerfeld, is a dimensionless quantity used in nuclear astrophysics in the calculation of reaction rates between two nuclei and also appears in the definition of the astrophysical S-factor. It is defined as η=Z1Z2e24πϵ0ℏv=αZ1Z2μc22E ,where e is the elementary charge, Z1 a... |
Sommerfeld parameter | Sommerfeld parameter | One of its best-known applications is in the exponent of the Gamow factor P (also known as the penetrability factor), exp (−2πη) ,which is the probability of an s-wave nuclide to penetrate the Coulomb barrier, according to the WKB approximation. This factor is particularly helpful in characterizing the nuclear contrib... |
Sommerfeld parameter | Sommerfeld parameter | One of the first articles in which the Sommerfeld parameter appeared was published in 1967. |
Symmetry | Symmetry | Symmetry (from Ancient Greek συμμετρία (summetría) 'agreement in dimensions, due proportion, arrangement') in everyday language refers to a sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance. In mathematics, the term has a more precise definition and is usually used to refer to an object that is invariant under s... |
Symmetry | Symmetry | Mathematical symmetry may be observed with respect to the passage of time; as a spatial relationship; through geometric transformations; through other kinds of functional transformations; and as an aspect of abstract objects, including theoretic models, language, and music.This article describes symmetry from three per... |
Symmetry | Symmetry | The opposite of symmetry is asymmetry, which refers to the absence or a violation of symmetry. |
Symmetry | In mathematics | In geometry A geometric shape or object is symmetric if it can be divided into two or more identical pieces that are arranged in an organized fashion. This means that an object is symmetric if there is a transformation that moves individual pieces of the object, but doesn't change the overall shape. The type of symmetr... |
Symmetry | In mathematics | An object has rotational symmetry if the object can be rotated about a fixed point (or in 3D about a line) without changing the overall shape.
An object has translational symmetry if it can be translated (moving every point of the object by the same distance) without changing its overall shape.
An object has helical sy... |
Symmetry | In science and nature | In physics Symmetry in physics has been generalized to mean invariance—that is, lack of change—under any kind of transformation, for example arbitrary coordinate transformations. This concept has become one of the most powerful tools of theoretical physics, as it has become evident that practically all laws of nature o... |
Symmetry | In science and nature | In biology In biology, the notion of symmetry is mostly used explicitly to describe body shapes. Bilateral animals, including humans, are more or less symmetric with respect to the sagittal plane which divides the body into left and right halves. Animals that move in one direction necessarily have upper and lower sides... |
Symmetry | In science and nature | In chemistry Symmetry is important to chemistry because it undergirds essentially all specific interactions between molecules in nature (i.e., via the interaction of natural and human-made chiral molecules with inherently chiral biological systems). The control of the symmetry of molecules produced in modern chemical s... |
Symmetry | In science and nature | In psychology and neuroscience For a human observer, some symmetry types are more salient than others, in particular the most salient is a reflection with a vertical axis, like that present in the human face. Ernst Mach made this observation in his book "The analysis of sensations" (1897), and this implies that percept... |
Symmetry | In social interactions | People observe the symmetrical nature, often including asymmetrical balance, of social interactions in a variety of contexts. These include assessments of reciprocity, empathy, sympathy, apology, dialogue, respect, justice, and revenge.
Reflective equilibrium is the balance that may be attained through deliberative mut... |
Symmetry | In social interactions | Symmetrical interactions send the moral message "we are all the same" while asymmetrical interactions may send the message "I am special; better than you." Peer relationships, such as can be governed by the golden rule, are based on symmetry, whereas power relationships are based on asymmetry. Symmetrical relationships... |
Symmetry | In the arts | There exists a list of journals and newsletters known to deal, at least in part, with symmetry and the arts. |
Symmetry | In the arts | In architecture Symmetry finds its ways into architecture at every scale, from the overall external views of buildings such as Gothic cathedrals and The White House, through the layout of the individual floor plans, and down to the design of individual building elements such as tile mosaics. Islamic buildings such as t... |
Symmetry | In the arts | In pottery and metal vessels Since the earliest uses of pottery wheels to help shape clay vessels, pottery has had a strong relationship to symmetry. Pottery created using a wheel acquires full rotational symmetry in its cross-section, while allowing substantial freedom of shape in the vertical direction. Upon this inh... |
Symmetry | In the arts | Cast metal vessels lacked the inherent rotational symmetry of wheel-made pottery, but otherwise provided a similar opportunity to decorate their surfaces with patterns pleasing to those who used them. The ancient Chinese, for example, used symmetrical patterns in their bronze castings as early as the 17th century BC. B... |
Symmetry | In the arts | In carpets and rugs A long tradition of the use of symmetry in carpet and rug patterns spans a variety of cultures. American Navajo Indians used bold diagonals and rectangular motifs. Many Oriental rugs have intricate reflected centers and borders that translate a pattern. Not surprisingly, rectangular rugs have typica... |
Symmetry | In the arts | In quilts As quilts are made from square blocks (usually 9, 16, or 25 pieces to a block) with each smaller piece usually consisting of fabric triangles, the craft lends itself readily to the application of symmetry. |
Symmetry | In the arts | In other arts and crafts Symmetries appear in the design of objects of all kinds. Examples include beadwork, furniture, sand paintings, knotwork, masks, and musical instruments. Symmetries are central to the art of M.C. Escher and the many applications of tessellation in art and craft forms such as wallpaper, ceramic t... |
Symmetry | In the arts | In music Symmetry is not restricted to the visual arts. Its role in the history of music touches many aspects of the creation and perception of music.
Musical form Symmetry has been used as a formal constraint by many composers, such as the arch (swell) form (ABCBA) used by Steve Reich, Béla Bartók, and James Tenney. I... |
Symmetry | In the arts | Pitch structures Symmetry is also an important consideration in the formation of scales and chords, traditional or tonal music being made up of non-symmetrical groups of pitches, such as the diatonic scale or the major chord. Symmetrical scales or chords, such as the whole tone scale, augmented chord, or diminished sev... |
Symmetry | In the arts | Interval cycles are symmetrical and thus non-diatonic. However, a seven pitch segment of C5 (the cycle of fifths, which are enharmonic with the cycle of fourths) will produce the diatonic major scale. Cyclic tonal progressions in the works of Romantic composers such as Gustav Mahler and Richard Wagner form a link with ... |
Symmetry | In the arts | Equivalency Tone rows or pitch class sets which are invariant under retrograde are horizontally symmetrical, under inversion vertically. See also Asymmetric rhythm.
In aesthetics The relationship of symmetry to aesthetics is complex. Humans find bilateral symmetry in faces physically attractive; it indicates health and... |
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