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Reality The problem of universals is an ancient problem in metaphysics about whether universals exist. Universals are general or abstract qualities, characteristics, properties, kinds or relations, such as being male/female, solid/liquid/gas or a certain colour, that can be predicated of individuals or particulars or t...
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Málaga The campaign places a special emphasis on new technologies as well as innovation and research in order to promote the city as a reference and focal point for many global business initiatives and projects. is a city of commerce and tourism has been a growing source of revenue, driven by the presence of a major ai...
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Girih Another way to create quasiperiodic patterns is by subdividing girih tiles repeatedly into smaller tiles using a subdivision rule. In the limit the plane would be divided into girih tiles that repeat with frequencies that are aperiodic. The use of such a subdivision rule would serve as evidence that Islamic artis...
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Palimpsest In textual studies, a palimpsest () is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed off so that the page can be reused for another document. Pergamene (now known as parchment) was made of lamb, calf, or goat kid skin (best made in ancient Pergamon) and was...
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Electrical resistivity and conductivity A rough summary is as follows: This table shows the resistivity ("ρ"), conductivity and temperature coefficient of various materials at 20 °C (68 °F, 293 K) The effective temperature coefficient varies with temperature and purity level of the material. The 20 °C value is only an ...
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Quantum teleportation Their paper asserts that the two bits that Alice sends Bob contain "locally inaccessible information" resulting in the teleportation of the quantum state. "The ability of quantum information to flow through a classical channel "[…]", surviving decoherence, is "[…]" the basis of quantum teleportati...
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Abraham ibn Daud In its strict and precise form, the notion of possibility is not at all antagonistic to the omniscience of God; for it is easily conceivable that God from the beginning regulated creation, so that for certain cases both alternatives should be "possible" events; that the Creator, in order to grant to hu...
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Wedding vow renewal ceremony Some churches hold an annual renewal of vows for married couples who are members of that church, for example, on Saint Valentine's Day. In 2007, the American city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, planned a wedding vow renewal ceremony for 1,000 couples as a part of its 250th city anniversary ce...
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Politics Dicey in "An Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution", the essential features of a federal constitution are: a) A written supreme constitution in order to prevent disputes between the jurisdictions of the Federal and State authorities; b) A distribution of power between the Federal and State g...
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Strange situation " Such observations also appeared in the doctoral theses of Ainsworth's students. Crittenden, for example, noted that one abused infant in her doctoral sample was classed as secure (B) by her undergraduate coders because her strange situation behavior was "without either avoidance or ambivalence, she ...
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Tripping (pipe) Tripping pipe (or "Making a round trip" or simply "Making a trip") is the physical act of pulling the drill string out of the wellbore and then running it back in. This is done by physically breaking out or disconnecting (when pulling out of the hole) "every other 2 or 3 joints of drill pipe" at a time ...
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Metal gate In particular, when used on a silicon wafer with a < 1 1 1 > crystal orientation, excessive alloying of aluminum (from extended high temperature processing steps) with the underlying silicon can create a short circuit between the diffused FET source or drain areas under the aluminum and across the metallurgi...
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Transparency meter A transparency meter, also called a clarity meter, is an instrument used to measure the transparency of an object. Transparency refers to the optical distinctness with which an object can be seen when viewed through plastic film/sheet, glass,etc. In the manufacture of sheeting/film, or glass the quan...
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Alan Ryan Alan James Ryan (born 1940) was Professor of Politics at the University of Oxford. He was also Warden of New College, Oxford from 1996 to 2009. He retired as Professor Emeritus in September 2015 and lives in Summertown, Oxford. Ryan was born on 9 May 1940 in London, England. He was educated at Christ's Hospit...
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Nitrogen fluoride can refer to:
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Eugen Ehrlich The latter actually govern the life of a society and, under certain conditions, can justifiably be regarded in popular consciousness, if not necessarily by lawyers, as law. For example, commercial usage and custom may develop and be recognized and respected by courts of law and other agencies as having no...
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European History Network CLIOHRES (“Creating Links and Innovative Overviews for a New History Research Agenda for the Citizens of a Growing Europe") is a Sixth Framework Programme Network of Excellence organized by a group of 45 universities, many of which are CLIOH.net members. A five-year project, it aims at achievin...
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Creation and evolution in public education The status of creation and evolution in public education has been the subject of substantial debate and conflict in legal, political, and religious circles. Globally, there is a wide variety of views on the topic. Most western countries have legislation that mandates only evol...
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Law and literature " He then sees law "as" literature as the process of seeking "to apply the techniques of literary criticism to legal texts." He believes that the relationship between the two are complementary. He states discussing the debate about the importance of the Law and Literature Movement shows "its enduring...
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Passion: An Essay on Personality Both respond to the fact of the individual not being the center of the world. However, by doing so they disengage from the world and others. While Confucianism addresses interdependence, the philosophy elevates it to a level of canonical hierarchy and thus imposes strict constraints. Un...
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Dialysis Solvents, ions and buffer can diffuse easily across the semipermeable membrane, but larger molecules are unable to pass through the pores. This can be used to purify proteins of interest from a complex mixture by removing smaller proteins and molecules. The kidneys have an important role in maintaining health....
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Self-determination However, Marxism–Leninism and its theory of imperialism were also strong influences in the national emancipation movements of Third World nations rebelling against colonial or puppet regimes. In many Third World countries, communism became an ideology that united groups to oppose imperialism or colon...
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Gromatici The distribution of land amongst the veterans, the increase in the number of military colonies, the settlement of Italian peasants in the provinces, the general survey of the empire under Augustus, the separation of private and state domains, led to the establishment of a recognized professional corporation o...
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Euphoria () is the experience (or affect) of pleasure or excitement and intense feelings of well-being and happiness. Certain natural rewards and social activities, such as aerobic exercise, laughter, listening to or making music, and dancing, can induce a state of euphoria. is also a symptom of certain neurological or...
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Electrostatic lens Since electron spectroscopy detects several physical phenomena from the electrons emitted from samples, it is necessary to transport the electrons to the electron analyser. Electrostatic lenses satisfy the general properties of lenses.
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Northern Panhandle of West Virginia The Northern Panhandle is the northern of the two panhandles in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is a culturally and geographically distinct region of the state. It is the state's northernmost extension, bounded by Ohio and the Ohio River on the north and west and the state of Pen...
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Pump action A pump-action firearm is typically fed from a tubular magazine underneath the barrel, which also serves as a guide to the movable forend. The rounds are fed in one by one through a port in the receiver, where they are pushed forward. A latch at the rear of the magazine holds the rounds in place in the magaz...
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Collits' Inn The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales. Collits Inn and its group of surviving buildings is of National Significance for its rare historical, aesthetic, technical and social values. It was built in c 1823 by Pierce Collits and his f...
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List of most powerful wind turbines This is a list of the most powerful commercial wind turbines.
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Conduct disorder Executive function difficulties may manifest in terms of one's ability to shift between tasks, plan as well as organize, and also inhibit a prepotent response. These findings hold true even after taking into account other variables such as socioeconomic status (SES), and education. However, IQ and exec...
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Alternative theories of the location of Great Moravia Archaeological evidence does not support the alternative theories, because the existence of 9th-century power centers can only be documented along the northern Morava River, in accordance with the traditional view. However, scholars who accept the traditional view o...
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Corrosion engineering Recycled water typically has a higher salt content than potable drinking water, meaning that it is more corrosive than regular tap water. The same risk from damage and water spray exists for above ground piping and backflow preventers. Fiberglass covers, cages, and concrete footings have worked we...
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Power dividers and directional couplers In this design the two lines are printed on "opposite" sides of the dielectric rather than side by side. The coupling of the two lines across their width is much greater than the coupling when they are edge-on to each other. The λ/4 coupled-line design is good for coaxial and str...
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Cognitive neuropsychology is a branch of cognitive psychology that aims to understand how the structure and function of the brain relates to specific psychological processes. Cognitive psychology is the science that looks at how mental processes are responsible for our cognitive abilities to store and produce new memor...
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The Tibet Center also currently offers, on many Saturday afternoons, White Tara retreats at the Kunkhyab Thardo Ling Retreat Home, in South Orange, New Jersey.
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Constellation After tens to hundreds of thousands of years, familiar outlines will become unrecognizable. Astronomers can predict the past or future constellation outlines by measuring individual stars' common proper motions or cpm by accurate astrometry and their radial velocities by astronomical spectroscopy. Both th...
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30th century The in the anno Domini or Common Era of the Gregorian calendar will begin on January 1, 2901 and end on December 31, 3000. It will be the last century of the 3rd millennium. Because it is the last year of a millennium, 3000 is viewed as a background for a pivotal point in future history by many writers of ...
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AES47 Amendment 1 to was published in February 2009, adding code points in the ATM Adaptation Layer Parameters Information Element to signal that the time to which each audio sample relates can be identified as specified in AES53. The change in thinking from traditional ATM network design is not to necessarily use ATM ...
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Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories Various fringe theories have arisen to speculate about purported alternative origins for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), with claims ranging from it being due to accidental exposure to supposedly purposeful acts. Several inq...
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Nuraghe S'Urachi The or S'Uraki is an archaeological site of the Bronze Age period located in the municipality of San Vero Milis, in the province of Oristano, Sardinia, Italy. Situated in an alluvial plain near the town, it is a complex nuraghe, protected by seven visible towers, linked together by an antemural, and by...
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Eyespot apparatus In "Chlamydomonas", the eyespot is part of the chloroplast and takes on the appearance of a membranous sandwich structure. It is assembled from chloroplast membranes (outer, inner, and thylakoid membranes) and carotenoid-filled granules overlaid by plasma membrane. The stacks of granules act as a quar...
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Propeller speed reduction unit Factory-certified aircraft engines have also used reduction units integral to their design. The Cessna 175 used a geared unit which is part of the Continental GO-300 engine while the Helio Courier and several Beechcraft twins, among others, used the geared Lycoming GO-435 and GO-480. Many...
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Universal monarchy The Japanese attempt to unify South East Asia in the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere under the Shōwa emperor follows the model set by Imperial Germany and Joseph Chamberlain of imperial rule based on economic union, matched with Japanese religious ideas. The Hindu/Buddhist concept of the Chakr...
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Syed Ali Nawab He also co-authored a paper while consulting on the industrial nuclear power generation to the Ministry of Finance as he opined: "Evaluating Public Manufacturing Enterprises: An experimental monitoring system". In addition, the contributions of Nawab's and his firm, the EAC, to industrialization of Pakis...
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Temperature-programmed reduction This is due to the potential for varying hydrogen concentrations at the inlet, so the decrease in this number may not be precise, however as the starting concentration of water will be zero, any increase can be measured more accurately.
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Oral History of British Science The title refers to the fact that an analysis of these breakthroughs in science should also be looked at as something that has boosted national pride, while arising from research conducted by experts of different ethnic backgrounds. ‘Biomedicine’ aims to investigate the transformations t...
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Selling out Ultimately "The Black Album" became the band's most commercially successful release, going 16x platinum. The differing reaction by fans to the album demonstrates the difficulty in labelling an artist as a "sellout" objectively. "Poseur" is a pejorative term, often used in the punk, heavy metal, hip hop, and...
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Sex trafficking However, these regulations provided opportunities for some third-party facilitators of these visas to exploit migrants while also limiting migrants' ability to leave employers with poor working conditions or overly restrictive practices, such as holding their passports or limiting their ability to leave...
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Nature of Man Series "The Territorial Imperative: A Personal Inquiry Into the Animal Origins of Property and Nations" extends Ardrey's work in examining the effects of inherited evolutionary traits on human social behavior with an emphasis on the hold that territory has on man. In particular it demonstrates the influen...
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Blue Riband The rules for the trophy did not correspond to the traditional rules for the in that the trophy was to be awarded only to surface passenger ship achieving the fastest speed in the westbound direction. Other rule changes further complicated the situation, and eventually the trophy was awarded to just three h...
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Japanese philosophy Katō Hiroyuki threw away natural rights under influence of social Darwinism, and instead advocated the survival of the fittest. Fukuzawa Yukichi, who introduced British utilitarianism to Japan and advocated natural rights, assumed that human rights were given by Heaven. He considered the development...
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The Problem of the Media Instead, Washington should adopt a more general approach, promoting freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of assembly every where. And it should understand that progress will be slow. Only by switching from an instrumental to an environmental view of the effects of social media o...
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Adolescence " This can be likened to the use of social comparison in developing one's identity and self-concept, which includes ones personality, and underscores the importance of communication, and thus relationships, in one's development. In social comparison we use reference groups, with respect to both psychologica...
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Eudaimonia The rest of the "Nicomachean Ethics" is devoted to filling out the claim that the best life for a human being is the life of excellence in accordance with reason. Since reason for Aristotle is not only theoretical but practical as well, he spends quite a bit of time discussing excellence of character, which ...
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A Perfect Stranger is a romance novel by American author Danielle Steel published in 1982. It is Steel's fourteenth novel. This book tells the story of Alexander Hale and Raphaella Phillips. Hale, a recently divorced man, takes a walk down his street, when he sees Phillips, a beautiful woman, crying on the steps. We la...
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Toolbank ToolBank is a registered term or 'word mark' registered with the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office used to identify the nonprofit tool lending program model created by the Atlanta Community ToolBank. Each ToolBank increases the impact of its local charitable sector by lending tools to organizations for use in the...
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Purananuru The (, literally "four hundred [poems] in the genre puram"), sometimes called Puram or Purappattu, is a classical Tamil poetic work and traditionally the last of the Eight Anthologies ("Ettuthokai") in the Sangam literature. It is a collection of 400 heroic poems about kings, wars and public life, of which t...
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Sodomy law It was believed that the age of consent had been reduced from 21 to 16 for any kind of homosexual sex acts. In 2014, the ordinance was amended according to the judgement. Homosexuality in Hungary was decriminalized in 1962, Paragraph 199 of the Hungarian Penal Code from then on threatened "only" adults over ...
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Colóquios dos simples e drogas da India The Latin translation, a slight abridgement dropping the dialogue format, but adding woodcut illustrations and editorial commentary, was by Charles de l'Écluse (Carolus Clusius). Clusius acquired his copy of the "Colóquios" at Lisbon on 28 December 1564, and evidently continued t...
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Force spectroscopy In all of these techniques, a biomolecule, such as protein or DNA, or some other biopolymer has one end bound to a surface and the other to a force sensor. The force sensor is usually a micrometre-sized bead or a cantilever, whose displacement can be measured to determine the force. Molecules adsorbe...
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Dystrophin-associated protein complex The dystrophin-associated protein complex is a multiprotein complex that includes dystrophin and the dystrophin-associated proteins. Many forms of muscular dystrophy are associated with disorders of the dystrophin-associated protein complex.
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Discovery and development of statins All statins have the same pharmacophore so the difference in their pharmacodynamic effect is mostly based on the substituents. The activity of each statin is dependent on the binding affinity of the compound for the substrate site and the length of time it binds to the site. Type 2 ...
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Combined sewer In the majority of developed countries, large efforts were made during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to cover the formerly open sewers, converting them to closed systems with cast iron, steel, or concrete pipes, masonry, and concrete arches, while streets and footpaths were increasingly covered ...
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Personality disorder The classification of 68 personality disordered patients on the caseload of an assertive community team using a simple scale showed a 3 to 1 ratio between Type R and Type S personality disorders with Cluster C personality disorders being significantly more likely to be Type S, and paranoid and schi...
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John Searle Stylistically, the attacks are interestingly similar. Both rely heavily on insinuation and innuendo, and both display a hatredone might almost say terrorof close analysis and dissection of argument." He asserts that "My wife was threatened that I (and other members of the administration) would be assassinat...
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Petroleum technician For example, with the electrical components the equipment must be explosion proof, and with mechanical components one is dealing with multiple types of piping material such as plastic, Sched 40 BP masters metallic, cast iron, and threaded, as well as the pumping and valve systems.
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Social democracy The Singaporean prime minister Lee Kuan Yew also stated that he has been influenced by the democratic socialist British Labour Party. Originally, there was infighting between moderates and radicals, including a left-wing and communist wing in the party which saw many imprisoned. While being the most ri...
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Server farm In these countries, heat from the servers can be cheaply vented or used to help heat buildings, thus reducing the energy consumption of conventional heaters.
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United States non-interventionism Non-interventionism is the diplomatic policy whereby a nation seeks to avoid alliances with other nations in order to avoid being drawn into wars not related to direct territorial self-defense. It has had a long history among elite and popular opinion in the United States. At times, th...
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Continuous Function Chart A (CFC) is a graphic editor that can be used in conjunction with the STEP 7 software package. It is used to create the entire software structure of the CPU from ready-made blocks. When working with the editor, you place blocks on function charts, assign parameters to them, and interconnect the...
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1964 Swazi constitutional referendum A referendum on repealing the constitution was held in Swaziland on 19 January 1964. It had been called by King Sobhuza II following the imposition of a constitution by the British colonial authorities in 1963, which he opposed due to its democratic aspects and the weakening of his ...
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Civil service reform in developing countries The 'Revenue' treatment provided incentives depending only on revenue collection exceeding a benchmark while the 'Revenue Plus' scheme tied salaries to tax collection performance as well as accuracy of tax assessment and taxpayers' satisfaction. The last treatment 'Flexible ...
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Fosterage Fosterage, the practice of a family bringing up a child not their own, differs from adoption in that the child's parents, not the foster-parents, remain the acknowledged parents. In many modern western societies foster care can be organised by the state to care for children with troubled family backgrounds, u...
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Zweikanalton In the latter case, the first FM carrier carries (L+R) for compatibility, while the second carrier carries R (not L-R.) After combining the two channels, this method improves the signal-to-noise ratio by reducing the correlated noise between the channels. The frequencies are chosen such that they cause min...
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Economizer The combustion of natural gas needs a certain quantity of air in order to be complete, so the burners need a flow of excess air in order to operate. Combustion produces water steam, and the quantity depends on the amount of natural gas burned. Also, the evaluation of the dew point depends on the excess air. ...
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Variable-frequency transformer A variable-frequency transformer (VFT) is used to transmit electricity between two (asynchronous or synchronous) alternating current frequency domains. The VFT is a relatively recent development. Most asynchronous grid inter-ties use high-voltage direct current converters, while synchrono...
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Social market economy Social market economies also posit that government regulation and even sponsorship of markets can lead to superior economic outcomes as evidenced in government sponsorship of the Internet or basic securities regulation. The main elements of the social market economy in Germany are the following: T...
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Roundup (herbicide) In January 2019, Roundup 360 was banned in France following a Lyon court ruling that regulator ANSES had not given due weight to safety concerns when they approved the product in March 2017. The ban went into effect immediately. The court's decision cited research by the IARC, based in Lyon. Roundup...
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Prosek (Macedonian alphabet: Просек), also known as Stenae (in Greek Στεναί "narrow"), is an archaeological site located in the Demir Kapija Canyon, in North Macedonia. This ancient settlement had an excellent strategical and war position. It was discovered in 1948. Some things that have been found here include four to...
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Human cloning [Throughout the following years in February 1997 Dolly was cloned; Clinton launches review of US policy and In May 1997 Federal funding for human cloning [was] banned" divisions in the Senate, or an eventual veto from the sitting President (President George W. Bush in 2005 and 2007), over therapeutic clon...
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Origin of the Romanians Inscriptions from the Roman period prove that a line, known as the "Jireček Line", can be drawn through the Balkan Peninsula, which separated the Latin-speaking northern provinces, including Dacia, Moesia and Pannonia from the southern regions where Greek remained the predominant language. Balka...
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Code of Hammurabi The Hazor law code fragments are currently being prepared for publication by a team from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. One of the best known laws from Hammurabi's code was: Hammurabi had many other punishments, as well. If a son strikes his father, his hands shall be hewn off. Translations vary....
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Empire and Communications They include the introduction of Greek tragedies and comedies at Roman festivals to satisfy the demands of soldiers who had served in Greek settlements as well as the translation of the "Odyssey" into Latin. Innis mentions there was strong opposition to this spread of Greek culture. He reports...
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Wu wei This wu wei (or nonaction) might be said to end up the political theory of the "Legalists" , if not becoming their general term for political strategy, playing a "crucial role in the promotion of the autocratic tradition of the Chinese polity". The (qualified) non-action of the ruler ensures his power and the st...
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Philo , , , as the origin of the name Jordan). However, his works do not display much understanding of Hebrew grammar, and they tend to follow the translation of the Septuagint more closely than the Hebrew version. In the text attributed to Philo, he "consistently uses κύριος as a designation for God". According to Dav...
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Noam Chomsky He also became involved in left-wing activism. Chomsky refused to pay half his taxes, publicly supported students who refused the draft, and was arrested while participating an antiwar teach-in outside the Pentagon. During this time, Chomsky co-founded the antiwar collective RESIST with Mitchell Goodman, D...
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Slavery It opened negotiations with the Dutch government regarding African-American emigration to and colonization of the Dutch colony of Suriname in South America. Nothing came of it and after 1864, the proposal was dropped. The Netherlands abolished slavery in Suriname, in 1863, under a gradual process that required ...
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Epitranscriptome Some "trans-"spliced snRNAs have been observed to have a N,N,7-trimethylguanosine cap. This particular modification to the guanosine cap is rare in snRNAs. Trans-splicing is a phenomenon in which exons from two different primary RNA transcripts are ligated together. These rare variants have been seen d...
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MicroRNA sequencing A starting quantity of 50-100 μg total RNA, 1 g of tissue typically yields 1 mg of total RNA, is usually required for gel purification and size selection. Quality control of the RNA is also measured, for example running an RNA chip on Caliper LabChipGX (Caliper Life Sciences). Size Fractionation of ...
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Drift: The Unmooring of American Military Power She writes about the American incursion into Pakistan to kill Osama bin Laden and makes the point that land set aside for houbara bustard hunting gave reason for both Pakistan and the United States to excuse the existence of a secret base that originated drone attacks. Pr...
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The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Zaphod meets Zarniwoop, a conspirator and editor for "The Guide", who knows where to find the secret ruler. Zaphod becomes briefly reunited with the others for a trip to Milliways, the restaurant of the title. Zaphod and Ford decide to steal a ship from there, which turns out to be ...
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Random-access memory In addition to serving as temporary storage and working space for the operating system and applications, RAM is used in numerous other ways. Most modern operating systems employ a method of extending RAM capacity, known as "virtual memory". A portion of the computer's hard drive is set aside for a ...
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Chief Justice of Pakistan The (initials as CJP) is the head of the court system of Pakistan (the judicature branch of government) and the chief judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. The chief justice is the senior most of 17 senior justices of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. From 1947 until 1960, the chief justice and...
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Utilitarianism In "Concerning the Fundamental Principle of Virtue or Morality" (1731), Gay argues that: This pursuit of happiness is given a theological basis: In "An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals", 1751, David Hume writes:Gay's theological utilitarianism was developed and popularized by William Paley. It...
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Skeuophoros A skeuophoros ( "Βaggage carried") was a slave or servant who carried baggage in Ancient Greece. Herodotus records that every hoplite was followed on campaign by a servant as a "skeuophoros". In Aristophanes' play "The Frogs", Xanthias, the slave of Dionysus, acts as his "skeuophoros":
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HIV trial in Libya The EU believes the six are innocent – Libya does not. Libya complained that the six should not have been pardoned once they reached Bulgaria. Libya petitioned the Arab League, and was supported by Oman, but, as of 31 July no definitive Arab League support had been decided on and no complaint had bee...
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Aviation in World War II The Hungarian Jendrassik Cs-1, in 1940 the world's first turboprop, was of axial-flow design with similarly revered-flow combustion but was cancelled due to other priorities. The pulse jet was a crude jet engine which produced too much vibration to be usable for manned aircraft but found a nich...
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DR-DOS 31" for compatibility purposes, but internally indicating a single-user BDOS 6.4 kernel. (Version 4 was skipped to avoid being associated with the relatively unpopular MS-DOS 4.0.) This introduced ViewMAX, a GEM-based GUI file management shell. ViewMAX's startup screen would present the slogan "Digital Research ...
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Photomultiplier tube The geometry of the dynode chain is such that a cascade occurs with an exponentially-increasing number of electrons being produced at each stage. For example, if at each stage an average of 5 new electrons are produced for each incoming electron, and if there are 12 dynode stages, then at the last ...
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List of remastering software The following is a list of remastering and slipstreaming software articles on Wikipedia: -*Not fully supported.