question stringlengths 21 289 | support stringlengths 0 2.7k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | source stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What kind of reasoning involves formulating generalizations inferred from careful observation and the analysis of a large amount of data? | These data can be qualitative (descriptive) or quantitative (consisting of numbers), and the raw data can be supplemented with drawings, pictures, photos, or videos. From many observations, the scientist can infer conclusions (inductions) based on evidence. Inductive reasoning involves formulating generalizations infer... | [
"skepticism",
"reflexive",
"inductive",
"deductive"
] | D | SCiQ |
What causes acid rain? | Air pollution causes acid rain, ozone depletion, and global warming. | [
"air pollution",
"carbon dioxide",
"heavy pollution",
"chemicals in waterways"
] | A | SCiQ |
What is the main component of phytoplankton? | Algae play significant roles as producers in aquatic ecosystems. Microscopic forms live suspended in the water column. They are the main component of phytoplankton . As such, they contribute to the food base of most marine ecosystems. | [
"coral",
"sponge",
"seawater",
"algae"
] | D | SCiQ |
What is manufactured and added to foods to preserve freshness? | A type of lipid called trans fat is found in many processed foods. Trans fat is rare in nature but is manufactured and added to foods to preserve freshness. Eating foods that contain trans fat increases the risk of heart disease. Trans fat may be found in such foods as cookies, doughnuts, crackers, fried foods, ground ... | [
"protein",
"vitamin c",
"trans fat",
"carbohydrates"
] | C | SCiQ |
All living organisms must have what ability, in order to make more organisms like themselves? | All living organisms must have the ability to reproduce. Living things make more organisms like themselves. Whether the organism is a rabbit, or a tree, or a bacterium, life will create more life. If a species cannot create the next generation, the species will go extinct. Reproduction is the process of making the next... | [
"variation",
"reproduction",
"absorption",
"cloning"
] | B | SCiQ |
In the cardiovascular system, net filtration pressure represents the interaction of osmotic pressures and what other pressures? | Interaction of Hydrostatic and Osmotic Pressures The normal unit used to express pressures within the cardiovascular system is millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). When blood leaving an arteriole first enters a capillary bed, the CHP is quite high—about 35 mm Hg. Gradually, this initial CHP declines as the blood moves throu... | [
"hydrophilic",
"uptake",
"hydrostatic",
"homeostatic"
] | C | SCiQ |
What are composed of a phosphate group, a sugar, and one of five different nitrogenous bases. | Nucleotides are composed of a phosphate group, a sugar, and one of five different nitrogenous bases. | [
"cytotypes",
"carotenoids",
"nucleotides",
"prokaryotes"
] | C | SCiQ |
What is lowered when salts go into ion form? | Most of the body’s resistance is in its dry skin. When wet, salts go into ion form, lowering the resistance significantly. The interior of the body has a much lower resistance than dry skin because of all the ionic solutions and fluids it contains. If skin resistance is bypassed, such as by an intravenous infusion, a c... | [
"resistance",
"charge",
"power",
"voltage"
] | A | SCiQ |
What term is used to describe the total spread of values in a sample? | Many samples have a lot of variation in measurements. Variation can be described with a statistic called the range. The range is the total spread of values in a sample. It is calculated by subtracting the smallest value from the largest value. | [
"variety",
"range",
"axis",
"scale"
] | B | SCiQ |
What kind of mutations are produced by nucleotide-pair insertions or deletions? | [
"frameshift",
"cloned",
"framing",
"shifty"
] | A | SCiQ | |
Fe for iron and pb for lead are examples of elements known since ancient times, which have symbols based on their name in what language? | The figure below shows the most commonly used form of the periodic table. Each square shows the chemical symbol of the element along with its name. Notice that several of the symbols seem to be unrelated to the name of the element: Fe for iron, Pb for lead, etc. Most of these are the elements that have been known since... | [
"latin",
"spanish",
"italian",
"arabic"
] | A | SCiQ |
What are the two types of fatty acids? | A lipid is an organic compound such as fat or oil. Organisms use lipids to store energy, but lipids have other important roles as well. Lipids consist of repeating units called fatty acids. There are two types of fatty acids: saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. | [
"hydrochloric and carboxylic",
"saturated and unsaturated",
"saturated and biodegradable",
"saturated and endogenous"
] | B | SCiQ |
In naming ternary compounds, which type of particle is stated first? | Ternary compounds are named by stating the cation first, followed by the anion. | [
"anion",
"cation",
"molecule",
"subatomic"
] | B | SCiQ |
Which human body system is a complex network of nervous tissue that carries electrical messages throughout the body? | The nervous system is a complex network of nervous tissue that carries electrical messages throughout the body. Its functions include controlling muscles, maintaining balance, sensing internal and external environments, controlling body systems to maintain homeostasis, preparing the body for emergencies, and allowing h... | [
"the nervous system",
"the bacterial system",
"the localized system",
"the lymph system"
] | A | SCiQ |
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus but instead generally have a single chromosome, a piece of double-stranded dna located in an area of the cell called the what? | The Prokaryotic Cell Recall that prokaryotes (Figure 22.10) are unicellular organisms that lack organelles or other internal membrane-bound structures. Therefore, they do not have a nucleus but instead generally have a single chromosome—a piece of circular, double-stranded DNA located in an area of the cell called the ... | [
"spicule",
"nucleoid",
"cytoplasm",
"lysosome"
] | B | SCiQ |
Wings of bats and birds serve the same function. which body part should you study to understand ancestral differences? | Wings of bats and birds serve the same function. Look closely at the bones inside the wings. The differences show they developed from different ancestors. | [
"skin inside wings",
"skull size",
"skin and feathers",
"bones inside wings"
] | D | SCiQ |
Who lack some of the defining traits of chordates? | Adult humans lack some of the defining traits of chordates. Why are humans still classified in the chordate phylum?. | [
"Childern",
"Reptiles",
"adult humans",
"Adult Mammals"
] | C | SCiQ |
The spinal cord develops, cells making up the wall of the neural tube proliferate and differentiate into what? | Spinal Cord Development While the brain is developing from the anterior neural tube, the spinal cord is developing from the posterior neural tube. However, its structure does not differ from the basic layout of the neural tube. It is a long, straight cord with a small, hollow space down the center. The neural tube is d... | [
"membrane and glia",
"muscles and glia",
"jelly and glia",
"neurons and glia"
] | D | SCiQ |
Dissolved fertilizer can ultimately lead to the creation of what in lakes or coastal oceans, which means a place where nothing can live? | Chemicals that are applied to farm fields include fertilizers and pesticides. Excess chemicals can be picked up by rainwater. The chemicals can end up in streams, ponds, lakes, or the ocean. Dissolved fertilizer causes tremendous numbers of water plants and algae to grow. This can lead to dead zones where nothing can l... | [
"hydrothermal vent",
"dead zone",
"deceased zone",
"extinction zone"
] | B | SCiQ |
There are several types of wetlands including marshes, swamps, bogs, mudflats, and salt marshes. the three shared characteristics among these types—what makes them wetlands—are their hydrology, hydrophytic vegetation, and this? | may not be able to use vision as their primary sense to find food. Instead, they are more likely to use taste or chemical cues to find prey. Wetlands Wetlands are environments in which the soil is either permanently or periodically saturated with water. Wetlands are different from lakes because wetlands are shallow bod... | [
"sandy soils",
"niya soils",
"stibnite soils",
"hydric soils"
] | D | SCiQ |
Sometimes two or more distinct phenotypes can each have their advantages and be selected for by natural selection; this is known as what? | Diversifying Selection Sometimes two or more distinct phenotypes can each have their advantages and be selected for by natural selection, while the intermediate phenotypes are, on average, less fit. Known as diversifying selection (Figure 19.8), this is seen in many populations of animals that have multiple male forms.... | [
"shedding selection",
"multiplying selection",
"diversifying selection",
"extra selection"
] | C | SCiQ |
What two planets is the asteroid belt found between? | Asteroids are irregularly-shaped, rocky bodies that orbit the Sun. Most of them are found in the asteroid belt, between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. | [
"mars and jupiter",
"Jupiter and Earth",
"Jupiter and Saturn",
"Mars and Earth"
] | A | SCiQ |
What is it called when two waves in the same medium pass one another? | Any two waves in the same medium undergo wave interference as they pass each other. At the location where the two waves collide, the result is essentially a summation of the two waves. In some places, a wave crest from one source will overlap a wave crest from the other source. Since both waves are lifting the medium, ... | [
"interference",
"synchrony",
"frequency",
"accumulation"
] | A | SCiQ |
Noble gases are monatomic because they only contain one of what? | The Noble Gases The noble gases are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. Because the noble gases are composed of only single atoms, they are monatomic. At room temperature and pressure, they are unreactive gases. Because of their lack of reactivity, for many years they were called inert gases or rare gases. ... | [
"molecules",
"ions",
"charges",
"atoms"
] | D | SCiQ |
What fills the epidermal cells that make up fingernails and toenails? | Fingernails and toenails consist of specialized epidermal cells that are filled with keratin . The keratin makes them tough and hard, which is important for the functions they serve. Fingernails prevent injury by forming protective plates over the ends of the fingers. They also enhance sensation by acting as a counterf... | [
"amino acids",
"cellulose",
"keratin",
"chromatin"
] | C | SCiQ |
What are the 2 primary hosts of ebola in central africa? | Several lethal viruses that cause viral hemorrhagic fever have been discovered, two of which are shown in the Figure below . Ebola outbreaks have been limited mainly to remote areas of the world. However, they have gained extensive media attention because of the high mortality rate—23 percent to 90 percent—depending on... | [
"apes and hippos",
"apes and bats",
"hyenas and apes",
"lions and elephants"
] | B | SCiQ |
Most reptiles lay what kind of eggs? | All reptiles have a cloaca , a single exit and entrance for sperm, eggs, and waste, located at the base of the tail. Most reptiles lay amniotic eggs covered with leathery or hard shell. These eggs can be placed anywhere as they don't have to be in a moist environment, like the eggs of amphibians. However, not all speci... | [
"hard-shelled",
"umbilical",
"roe",
"amniotic"
] | D | SCiQ |
About how full is the outer energy level in metalloids? | Metalloids such as boron have an outer energy level that is about half full. These elements need to gain or lose too many electrons for a full outer energy level to come about easily. As a result, these elements are not very reactive. They may be able to conduct electricity but not very well. | [
"three-fourth full",
"nearly empty",
"half full",
"a quarter full"
] | C | SCiQ |
Which bone is derived from the fusion of four very small coccygeal vertebrae? | The body can also respond effectively to short-term exposure to cold. One response to cold is shivering, which is random muscle movement that generates heat. Another response is increased breakdown of stored energy to generate heat. When that energy reserve is depleted, however, and the core temperature begins to drop ... | [
"cranium",
"coccyx",
"femur",
"clavicle"
] | B | SCiQ |
Because collisions are ______, energy can be transferred between molecules during them. | Energy can be transferred between molecules during collisions. Collisions are completely elastic. | [
"elastic",
"preservative",
"inelastic",
"conductive"
] | A | SCiQ |
What property of fluids causes something to stay on or near the surface of water? | The fishing float in Figure below bobs on the surface of the water. The fish in the figure is suspended in the water near the surface. Why do the float and fish stay on or near the surface? Why don’t they sink? The answer is buoyancy, another property of fluids. | [
"strength",
"buoyancy",
"density",
"weight"
] | B | SCiQ |
What are seeds plants that produce naked seeds in cones called? | Gymnosperms are seed plants that produce naked seeds in cones. There are about 1000 species of gymnosperms. Conifers are the most common group of gymnosperms. The spruce tree in Figure below is an example of a conifer. | [
"angiosperms",
"gymnosperms",
"lipids",
"cytoplasm"
] | B | SCiQ |
What is the force that causes objects to fall down to the ground? | Regardless of what gravity is — a force between masses or the result of curves in space and time — the effects of gravity on motion are well known. You already know that gravity causes objects to fall down to the ground. Gravity affects the motion of objects in other ways as well. | [
"pull",
"motion",
"velocity",
"gravity"
] | D | SCiQ |
A man made lake is known as what? | Many lakes are not natural, but are human-made. People dam a stream in a suitable spot. Water backs up behind the dam, creating a lake. These lakes are "reservoirs" ( Figure below ). | [
"resevoirs",
"Pond",
"Lagoon",
"Lake"
] | A | SCiQ |
What type of cells make up tumors? | [
"consumption cells",
"boyle cells",
"white blood cells",
"cancer cells"
] | D | SCiQ | |
Different interatomic distances produce different lattice what? | in which C is a constant that depends on the type of crystal structure; Z+ and Z– are the charges on the ions; and Ro is the interionic distance (the sum of the radii of the positive and negative ions). Thus, the lattice energy of an ionic crystal increases rapidly as the charges of the ions increase and the sizes of t... | [
"energies",
"surfaces",
"qualities",
"weights"
] | A | SCiQ |
Where do skeletal muscles usually attach? | Many skeletal muscles are attached to the ends of bones where they meet at a joint. The muscles span the joint and connect the bones. When the muscles contract, they pull on the bones, causing them to move. | [
"to cartilage",
"to the spine",
"to dendrites",
"end of bones"
] | D | SCiQ |
People with red hair usually have what type of skin? | 7. People with red hair usually have very light skin. What might be a genetic explanation for this observation?. | [
"dry",
"dark",
"light",
"oily"
] | C | SCiQ |
Which mineral do native americans use to decorate items? | Some minerals are valuable simply because they are beautiful. Jade has been used for thousands of years in China. Native Americans have been decorating items with turquoise since ancient times. Minerals like jade, turquoise, diamonds, and emeralds are gemstones. A gemstone is a material that is cut and polished to use ... | [
"Amethyst",
"Topaz",
"Tanzanite",
"turquoise"
] | D | SCiQ |
Kinetic energy of moving particles of matter, measured by their temperatures are known as: | Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between substances. Thermal energy is the kinetic energy of moving particles of matter, measured by their temperature. Thermal energy always moves from matter with greater thermal energy to matter with less thermal energy, so it moves from warmer to cooler substances. You can see ... | [
"thermal energy",
"visible energy",
"atmospheric energy",
"solar energy"
] | A | SCiQ |
Metabolism produces waste energy in the form of heat, which helps what type of animal conserve and maintain heat at a relatively constant body temperature? | Animal Bioenergetics All animals must obtain their energy from food they ingest or absorb. These nutrients are converted to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for short-term storage and use by all cells. Some animals store energy for slightly longer times as glycogen, and others store energy for much longer times in the form... | [
"lizard",
"cold-blooded (ectotherm)",
"warm-blooded (endotherm)",
"amphibian"
] | C | SCiQ |
Natural selection cannot create new variations in organisms - these new variations must be created by what, which are usually associated with some sort of abnormality? | Introduction All life on Earth is related. Evolutionary theory states that humans, beetles, plants, and bacteria all share a common ancestor, but that millions of years of evolution have shaped each of these organisms into the forms seen today. Scientists consider evolution a key concept to understanding life. Natural ... | [
"pollution",
"mutation",
"radiation",
"infection"
] | B | SCiQ |
The carbon atoms are bonded together, with each carbon also being bonded to two of what kind of atoms? | Some molecules are not able to satisfy the octet rule by making only single covalent bonds between the atoms. Consider the compound ethene, which has a molecular formula of C 2 H 4 . The carbon atoms are bonded together, with each carbon also being bonded to two hydrogen atoms. | [
"helium",
"calcium",
"hydrogen",
"ions"
] | C | SCiQ |
What is the second most common type of cancer in both men and women? | In both men and women, the second most common type of cancer is lung cancer. Most cases of lung cancer develop in people who smoke. | [
"skin",
"heart",
"lung",
"breast"
] | C | SCiQ |
What processes involve a transfer of electrons between the wire and the solution? | Electrochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur at the interface between an electron conductor, such as a wire, and a solution of electrolytes, which is often simply an ionic substance dissolved in water. Electrochemical processes involve a transfer of electrons between the wire and the solution. These r... | [
"electrochemical",
"magnetic",
"radioactive",
"thermal"
] | A | SCiQ |
Bronchial tubes in the lungs branch into ever-smaller structures, finally ending in alveoli. the alveoli act like what? | Figure 11.31 Bronchial tubes in the lungs branch into ever-smaller structures, finally ending in alveoli. The alveoli act like tiny bubbles. The surface tension of their mucous lining aids in exhalation and can prevent inhalation if too great. | [
"bellows",
"tiny bubbles",
"filters",
"springs"
] | B | SCiQ |
What is one problem with current methods of aluminum production? | One problem with current methods of aluminum production is the generation of environmental contaminants. Hydrogen fluoride gas is an extremely corrosive and toxic byproduct that must be trapped and neutralized. Other fluorides and metals contaminants can also pollute water, soil, and air if not carefully managed. | [
"recycling is cheap",
"environmental contaminants",
"competition",
"food shortages"
] | B | SCiQ |
The most abundant formed elements in blood, erythrocytes are red, biconcave disks packed with an oxygen-carrying compound called this? | 18.3 Erythrocytes The most abundant formed elements in blood, erythrocytes are red, biconcave disks packed with an oxygen-carrying compound called hemoglobin. The hemoglobin molecule contains four globin proteins bound to a pigment molecule called heme, which contains an ion of iron. In the bloodstream, iron picks up o... | [
"pus",
"hemoglobin",
"hydrogen",
"plasma"
] | B | SCiQ |
What type of bonds contain atoms that possess either a partial positive or a partial negative charge? | Polar bonds contain atoms that possess either a partial positive or a partial negative charge. | [
"ionic bonds",
"polar bonds",
"geologic bonds",
"hot bonds"
] | B | SCiQ |
What is the distance north or south of the equator called? | Latitude is the distance north or south of the Equator. It is expressed as a number between 0° and 90° north or south. | [
"longitude",
"latitude",
"circumference",
"elevation"
] | B | SCiQ |
Viruses were assumed to exist before they were first seen with an electron microscope in which decade? | Viruses were assumed to exist before they were first seen with an electron microscope in the 1930s. Multiple hypotheses for viral origins have been proposed. | [
"1960's",
"1890's",
"1930 ' s",
"1940's"
] | C | SCiQ |
A diploid cell contains two sets of what? | The surface of Venus is shrouded by thick clouds. Radar images show a complex surface. There are volcanoes and craters like those found on other planets and moons. The surface is not nearly as complex as the surface of Earth. | [
"neutrons",
"atoms",
"chromosomes",
"ribosomes"
] | C | SCiQ |
Which part of the axon has a higher membrane potential? | [
"axon hillock",
"canals hillock",
"muscular hillock",
"biofilm hillock"
] | A | SCiQ | |
How many types of leptons are there? | There are also six types of leptons, including electrons. Leptons have an electric charge of either -1 or 0. Electrons, for example, have a charge of -1. Leptons have mass, although the mass of electrons is extremely small. | [
"six",
"two",
"twelve",
"nine"
] | A | SCiQ |
The conducting zone of the respiratory system includes the organs and structures not directly involved in what? | Functionally, the respiratory system can be divided into a conducting zone and a respiratory zone. The conducting zone of the respiratory system includes the organs and structures not directly involved in gas exchange. The gas exchange occurs in the respiratory zone. | [
"gas exchange",
"helium exchange",
"copper exchange",
"gold exchange"
] | A | SCiQ |
What type of radio waves exist in the 540 to 1600 khz frequency range? | AM radio waves are used to carry commercial radio signals in the frequency range from 540 to 1600 kHz. The abbreviation AM stands for amplitude modulation, which is the method for placing information on these waves. (See Figure 24.12. ) A carrier wave having the basic frequency of the radio station, say 1530 kHz, is va... | [
"fm radio waves",
"microwaves",
"sound waves",
"am radio waves"
] | D | SCiQ |
What organs secrete hormones that help maintain homeostasis? | The kidneys also secrete hormones that help maintain homeostasis. For example, they produce a hormone that stimulates bone marrow to produce red blood cells when more are needed. They also secrete a hormone that regulates blood pressure and keeps it in a normal range. | [
"the gonads",
"the digestion organs",
"the kidneys",
"the lungs"
] | C | SCiQ |
What occurs when light reflects off a very smooth surface and forms a clear image? | Regular reflection occurs when light reflects off a very smooth surface and forms a clear image. Diffuse reflection occurs when light reflects off a rough surface and forms a blurry image or no image at all. | [
"refraction",
"regular reflection",
"absorption",
"projection"
] | B | SCiQ |
Where does mechanical digestion begin? | The mouth also begins the process of mechanical digestion . Sharp teeth in the front of the mouth cut or tear food when you bite into it (see Figure below ). Broad teeth in the back of the mouth grind food when you chew. Food is easier to chew because it is moistened by saliva from the salivary glands. The tongue helps... | [
"stomach",
"intestines",
"mouth",
"brain"
] | C | SCiQ |
What type of waste is likely to explode? | Explosive waste is likely to explode. The risk of explosion may be greater if the waste is mixed with other substances. | [
"liquid waste",
"mesh waste",
"explosive waste",
"solid waste"
] | C | SCiQ |
The thalamus acts as a gateway to and from what? | The thalamus acts as a gateway to and from the cortex. It receives sensory and motor inputs from the body and also receives feedback from the cortex. This feedback mechanism can modulate conscious awareness of sensory and motor inputs depending on the attention and arousal state of the animal. The thalamus helps regula... | [
"spine",
"cortex",
"pons",
"medulla oblongata"
] | B | SCiQ |
Light-weight air-filled bones and a large four-chambered heart helps a bird do what? | Bird organ systems are adapted for flight. For example, they have light-weight air-filled bones and a large four-chambered heart. | [
"fly",
"digest",
"swim",
"run"
] | A | SCiQ |
What are elements that generally do not conduct electricity? | Nonmetals are elements that generally do not conduct electricity. They are one of three classes of elements (the other two classes are metals and metalloids. ) Nonmetals are the second largest of the three classes after metals. They are the elements located on the right side of the periodic table. | [
"nonmetals",
"metal",
"iron",
"copper"
] | A | SCiQ |
The voltages generated at a power plant are stepped up by what passive devices, which then reduce voltage to a safe level at the point of use? | Figure 20.19 Power is distributed over large distances at high voltage to reduce power loss in the transmission lines. The voltages generated at the power plant are stepped up by passive devices called transformers (see Transformers) to 330,000 volts (or more in some places worldwide). At the point of use, the transfor... | [
"batteries",
"capacitors",
"transformers",
"transistors"
] | C | SCiQ |
Which property changes when a glass breaks? | When glass breaks, its physical properties change. Instead of one solid sheet of glass, it now has holes and cracks. | [
"density",
"Chemical",
"State",
"its physical property"
] | D | SCiQ |
What are the two types of vascular tissues found in vascular plants? | Xylem and phloem are the two types of vascular tissues in vascular plants. | [
"xylem and chloroplasm",
"ectoderm and phloem",
"xylem and phloem",
"cytoplasm and chloroplasm"
] | C | SCiQ |
What do you call a type of mixture that has the same composition throughout? | This giant Buddha statue, which is a national treasure in Japan, is made of bronze. Bronze consists mainly of copper but also contains some tin. Bronze is an example of a solution. A solution is a type of mixture that has the same composition throughout. | [
"structure",
"transition",
"solution",
"transfusion"
] | C | SCiQ |
Planes fly in what layer of the atmosphere because there is less friction and turbulence? | Sure we can! If you've ever flown on a jet airplane, you've been in the stratosphere. Airplanes fly in the stratosphere, because there is less friction. They get better gas mileage and so costs are lower. There is also less turbulence, so passengers are happier. Can you identify the bottom of the stratosphere in the ph... | [
"stratosphere",
"crust",
"mesosphere",
"ozone layer"
] | A | SCiQ |
What are structures that have a common function and suggest common ancestry? | Homologous structures are structures that have a common function and suggest common ancestry. For example, homologous structures include the limbs of mammals, such as bats, lions, whales, and humans, which all have a common ancestor. Different mammals may use their limbs for walking, running, swimming or flying. The me... | [
"monogamous structures",
"analogous structures",
"reversible structures",
"homologous structures"
] | D | SCiQ |
What type of response do signal transductions within target cells bring about? | [
"resporatory",
"bacterial",
"physiological",
"psychological"
] | C | SCiQ | |
Jellyfish belong to which phylum? | Do you know what these greenish, blob-like shapes are? Would it surprise you to learn that they are animals? They don’t look anything like the animals you are probably familiar with—animals such as dogs and deer, fish and frogs. But the greenish blobs are animals nonetheless. They belong to a phylum called Cnidaria, bu... | [
"analidae",
"cnidaria",
"porifera",
"mycobacteria"
] | B | SCiQ |
The most important characteristic of extant amphibians is a moist, permeable skin used for this? | 29.3 Amphibians As tetrapods, most amphibians are characterized by four well-developed limbs, although some species of salamanders and all caecilians are limbless. The most important characteristic of extant amphibians is a moist, permeable skin used for cutaneous respiration. The fossil record provides evidence of amp... | [
"simple respiration",
"avian respiration",
"benign respiration",
"cutaneous respiration"
] | D | SCiQ |
What occur when elements switch places in compounds? | Replacement reactions occur when elements switch places in compounds. In a single replacement reaction, one element takes the place of another in a single compound. In a double replacement reaction, two compounds exchange elements. | [
"chemical interaction",
"chain reaction",
"replacement reactions",
"chemical reaction"
] | C | SCiQ |
Transition metals are superior conductors of heat as well as what else? | Transition metals are superior conductors of heat as well as electricity. They are malleable, which means they can be shaped into sheets, and ductile, which means they can be shaped into wires. They have high melting and boiling points, and all are solids at room temperature, except for mercury (Hg), which is a liquid.... | [
"cold",
"electricity",
"radiation",
"light"
] | B | SCiQ |
A flow of one coulomb per second is called one ampere, which is a measure of what? | The electric current is measured in coulombs per second. A flow of one coulomb per second is called one ampere, A, of current. | [
"performance current",
"Direct current",
"electric current",
"powered current"
] | C | SCiQ |
Mount kilimanjaro has ________ climates at the top and bottom? | Mount Kilimanjaro has very different climates at the top and bottom. | [
"rainy",
"similar",
"different",
"dangerous"
] | C | SCiQ |
The common cold and flu are examples of human diseases caused by what tiny particles? | Viruses , like the one depicted in Figure below , are tiny particles that may cause disease. Human diseases caused by viruses include the common cold and flu. Do you think viruses are prokaryotes or eukaryotes? The answer may surprise you. Viruses are not cells at all, so they are neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes. | [
"bacteria",
"infections",
"viruses",
"parasites"
] | C | SCiQ |
Cells in green algae divide along cell plates called what? | Streptophytes Until recently, all photosynthetic eukaryotes were considered members of the kingdom Plantae. The brown, red, and gold algae, however, have been reassigned to the Protista kingdom. This is because apart from their ability to capture light energy and fix CO2, they lack many structural and biochemical trait... | [
"xanthophylls",
"phragmoplasts",
"chloroplasts",
"cellulose"
] | B | SCiQ |
What is the center of an earthquake called? | Where an earthquake takes place is described by its focus and epicenter. | [
"the magnitude",
"the impact",
"the epicenter",
"the core"
] | C | SCiQ |
A wall of rocks or concrete that juts out into the ocean perpendicular to the shore is called? | Longshore drift can erode the sediment from a beach. To keep this from happening, people may build a series of groins. A groin is wall of rocks or concrete that juts out into the ocean perpendicular to the shore. It stops waves from moving right along the beach. This stops the sand on the upcurrent side and reduces bea... | [
"shield",
"rib",
"fault",
"groin"
] | D | SCiQ |
The process of making a polymer is called what? | This long, almost nonstop molecule is called a polymer (from the Greek meaning “many parts”). The original part—ethylene—is called the monomer (meaning “one part”). The process of making a polymer is called polymerization. A polymer is an example of a macromolecule, the name given to a large molecule. Simple polymers a... | [
"polymerization",
"reaction",
"fermentation",
"memorization"
] | A | SCiQ |
What scientific word, which gives its name to a type of rock, means "to change form"? | Metamorphism. This long word means “to change form. “ A rock undergoes metamorphism if it is exposed to extreme heat and pressure within the crust. With metamorphism , the rock does not melt all the way. The rock changes due to heat and pressure. A metamorphic rock may have a new mineral composition and/or texture. | [
"metamorphism",
"igneous",
"evaporation",
"evolution"
] | A | SCiQ |
How many processes contribute to the emergence of viral diseases? | [
"two",
"one",
"four",
"three"
] | D | SCiQ | |
What type of mutations cannot be passed on to offspring? | Somatic mutations occur in other cells of the body. These mutations may have little effect on the organism because they are confined to just one cell and its daughter cells. Somatic mutations cannot be passed on to offspring. | [
"symbiotic mutations",
"somatic mutations",
"functional mutations",
"instructional mutations"
] | B | SCiQ |
In an experiment, what is the affected variable called? | An experiment generally tests how one variable is affected by another. The affected variable is called the dependent variable . In the plant experiment shown above, the dependent variable is plant growth. The variable that affects the dependent variable is called the independent variable . In the plant experiment, the ... | [
"form variable",
"control variable",
"independent variable",
"dependent variable"
] | D | SCiQ |
What type of mammals are humans? | Human beings are mammals. Like other mammals, we have hair and mammary glands. The subclass in which the human species is classified is the placental mammals. | [
"respiratory mammals",
"placental mammals",
"somatic mammals",
"marsupial mammals"
] | B | SCiQ |
The electrolysis of what substance produces hydrogen and oxygen gases | The electrolysis of water produces hydrogen and oxygen gases. The electrolytic cell consists of a pair of platinum electrodes immersed in water containing a small amount of an electrolyte, such as H 2 SO 4 . The electrolyte is necessary because pure water does not contain enough ions to effectively conduct a current. A... | [
"water",
"hydrocarbon",
"cholesterol",
"carbon dioxide"
] | A | SCiQ |
What is the function of chloroplasts that are found in plant and algal cells? | Actually, almost all organisms obtain their energy from photosynthetic organisms. For example, if a bird eats a caterpillar, then the bird gets the energy that the caterpillar gets from the plants it eats. So the bird indirectly gets energy that began with the glucose formed through photosynthesis. Therefore, the proce... | [
"photosynthesis",
"mitosis",
"glycolysis",
"spermatogenesis"
] | A | SCiQ |
What crust is thinner and denser than continental crust? | Oceanic crust is thinner and denser than continental crust. | [
"asteroid",
"coastal",
"oceanic",
"land"
] | C | SCiQ |
How many types of mechanical waves are there? | There are three types of mechanical waves. They differ in how they travel through a medium. The three types are transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves. All three types are described in detail below. | [
"nine",
"three",
"five",
"one"
] | B | SCiQ |
What are plants that grow where people don't want them to and can take up space and use resources which hinders growth of more desirable plants? | We obviously can’t live without plants, but sometimes they cause us problems. Many plants are weeds. Weeds are plants that grow where people don’t want them, such as gardens and lawns. They take up space and use resources, hindering the growth of more desirable plants. People often introduce plants to new habitats wher... | [
"shrubs",
"grasses",
"native plants",
"weeds"
] | D | SCiQ |
Which disease causes cells to divide out of control | Cancer is a disease that causes cells to divide out of control. Normally, the body has systems that prevent cells from dividing out of control. But in the case of cancer, these systems fail. Cancer is usually caused by mutations. Mutations are random errors in genes. Mutations that lead to cancer usually happen to gene... | [
"mutation",
"arthritis",
"cancer",
"autoimmune diseases"
] | C | SCiQ |
Autocrine signaling takes place within the same what? | Other Types of Chemical Signaling In endocrine signaling, hormones secreted into the extracellular fluid diffuse into the blood or lymph, and can then travel great distances throughout the body. In contrast, autocrine signaling takes place within the same cell. An autocrine (auto= “self”) is a chemical that elicits a r... | [
"cell",
"proteins",
"organ",
"tissue type"
] | A | SCiQ |
When the nucleus divides, the two chromatids that make up each chromosome separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell during this process? | During mitosis , when the nucleus divides, the two chromatids that make up each chromosome separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell. This is shown in Figure below . You can watch an animation of the process at the following link: http://www. biology. arizona. edu/Cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/Mit... | [
"spawning",
"meiosis",
"cytokinesis",
"mitosis"
] | D | SCiQ |
In the past, what colliding with planet earth has caused many organisms to die off? | Near-Earth asteroids have orbits that cross Earth’s orbit. This means that they can collide with Earth. There are over 4,500 known near-Earth asteroids. Small asteroids do sometimes collide with Earth. An asteroid about 5–10 m in diameter hits about once per year. Five hundred to a thousand of the known near-Earth aste... | [
"the Sun",
"acid rain",
"meteorites",
"asteroids"
] | D | SCiQ |
The term science comes from a latin word that means? | Understanding the "hows" and "whys" of the world is the goal of science. The term science comes from a Latin word that means "having knowledge. " But science is as much about adding to knowledge as it is about having knowledge. Science is a way of thinking as well as a set of facts. Science can be defined as a way of l... | [
"having knowledge",
"only knowledge",
"were knowledge",
"having information"
] | A | SCiQ |
What do angiosperms produce? | a phosphate group, which contains phosphorus and oxygen. | [
"flowers and fruit",
"scales",
"needles",
"leaves"
] | A | SCiQ |
What do aquatic arthropods use to exchange gases with the water? | Like mollusks and annelids, aquatic arthropods may have gills to exchange gases with the water (discussed below). Terrestrial arthropods, on the other hand, have special respiratory structures to exchange gases with the air. These are described in Figure below . | [
"pores",
"lungs",
"gills",
"nostrils"
] | C | SCiQ |
What are the nonliving matter that living things need called? | Living things need nonliving matter as well as energy. What do you think matter is used for? One thing is to build bodies. They also need it to carry out the processes of life. Any nonliving matter that living things need is called a nutrient . Carbon and nitrogen are examples of nutrients. Unlike energy, matter is rec... | [
"acids",
"elements",
"nutrients",
"fluids"
] | C | SCiQ |
Air is said to reach what point, a term used by meteorologists, when humidity increases or temperature decreases? | Air reaches its dew point when humidity increases or temperature decreases. | [
"its dip point",
"bubble point",
"freezing point",
"its dew point"
] | D | SCiQ |
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