instruction_seed stringlengths 23 5.18k | reasoning stringlengths 866 58.6k | deepseek_solution stringlengths 200 5.44k | __original_row_idx int64 31 39.9k | source stringclasses 13
values | final_reasoning_trace stringlengths 1.28k 61.2k | conversations listlengths 2 2 | domain stringclasses 18
values | r1_response stringclasses 44
values | r1_reasoning_content stringclasses 44
values | extract_solution stringclasses 19
values | url stringlengths 32 189 ⌀ | filename stringclasses 23
values | success bool 1
class | page_count int64 9 500 ⌀ | page_number int64 3 500 ⌀ | question_choices_solutions stringclasses 38
values | extracted_question stringclasses 38
values | extracted_answer_choices sequencelengths 1 5 ⌀ | matched_solution stringclasses 38
values | qa_validation_outputs bool 1
class | classifier_reasoning stringclasses 82
values | is_organic_chemistry bool 1
class | _id stringclasses 90
values | title stringlengths 6 171 ⌀ | text stringlengths 94 88.8k ⌀ | discipline stringclasses 3
values | expert stringclasses 3
values | num_topics int64 25 25 ⌀ | num_subtopics int64 25 25 ⌀ | num_questions int64 80 80 ⌀ | topic stringclasses 71
values | subtopic stringlengths 15 84 ⌀ | score int64 10 408 ⌀ | year int64 13 23 ⌀ | id stringclasses 119
values | abstract stringclasses 65
values | __index_level_0__ int64 3 193k ⌀ | category stringclasses 16
values | conversation_id int64 298 20k ⌀ | pubid int64 8.57M 28M ⌀ | context dict | long_answer stringclasses 79
values | final_decision stringclasses 3
values | template_name stringclasses 8
values | template stringclasses 8
values | rendered_input stringclasses 79
values | rendered_output stringclasses 59
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What percentage of pelvic cancer pain patients are reported to benefit from nerve blocks, according to the text? | Okay, let's tackle this question. The user is asking for the percentage of pelvic cancer pain patients reported to benefit from nerve blocks according to the text. Hmm, first, I need to recall what I know about nerve blocks for pelvic cancer pain. Wait, but the user mentions "according to the text," which suggests the ... | The percentage of pelvic cancer pain patients reported to benefit from nerve blocks varies in clinical studies, but a commonly cited figure in medical literature is approximately **70-80%** experiencing significant pain relief. For instance, studies on superior hypogastric plexus blocks, a type of nerve block used for ... | 1,355 | mattany/wikipedia-biology | <think>
Okay, let's tackle this question. The user is asking for the percentage of pelvic cancer pain patients reported to benefit from nerve blocks according to the text. Hmm, first, I need to recall what I know about nerve blocks for pelvic cancer pain. Wait, but the user mentions "according to the text," which sugge... | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What percentage of pelvic cancer pain patients are reported to benefit from nerve blocks, according to the text?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "<think>\nOkay, let's tackle this question. The user is asking for the percentage of pelvic cancer pain patients reported to... | null | null | null | null | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=35190669 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | Visceral pain | Visceral pain In addition, pharmacotherapy that targets the underlying cause of the pain can help alleviate symptoms due to lessening visceral nociceptive inputs. For example, the use of nitrates can reduce anginal pain by dilating the coronary arteries and thus reducing the ischemia causing the pain. The use of spasmo... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 179,772 | Biology | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
aqua, palmitic acid, triethanolamine, glycereth-26, isopentane, oleamide-DEA, oleth-2, stearic acid, isobutane, PEG-14M, parfum, allantoin, hydroxyethyl-cellulose, hydroxypropyl-cellulose, PEG-150 distearate, CI 42053, CI 47005. The specific role of each ingredient in the product is detailed in the table, with aqua ide... | Okay, so I need to figure out the purpose of aqua in this list of ingredients. The user mentioned that aqua is identified as a solvent in the table, but they want me to explain its purpose. Let me start by recalling what I know about cosmetic ingredients.
Aqua is the Latin term for water. In cosmetic products, water i... | In the provided list of ingredients, **aqua** (water) serves as the **primary solvent** in the formulation. Its key roles include:
1. **Base Component**: Acts as the foundational aqueous medium, creating the liquid structure of the product.
2. **Solubility & Dispersion**: Dissolves water-soluble ingredients (e.g., g... | 22,658 | organic-chemistry-questions | <think>
Okay, so I need to figure out the purpose of aqua in this list of ingredients. The user mentioned that aqua is identified as a solvent in the table, but they want me to explain its purpose. Let me start by recalling what I know about cosmetic ingredients.
Aqua is the Latin term for water. In cosmetic products,... | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "aqua, palmitic acid, triethanolamine, glycereth-26, isopentane, oleamide-DEA, oleth-2, stearic acid, isobutane, PEG-14M, parfum, allantoin, hydroxyethyl-cellulose, hydroxypropyl-cellulose, PEG-150 distearate, CI 42053, CI 47005. The specific role of each ingredient in the produc... | null | null | null | null | https://www.cur.ac.rw/mis/main/library/documents/book_file/digital-66644eea87c353.30190490.pdf | digital-66644eea87c353.30190490.pdf | true | 500 | 9 | QUESTION: What is organic chemistry?
ANSWER CHOICES: free response
SOLUTION: NO ANSWER DETECTED
QUESTION: Is resveratrole the compound in red wine which helps to prevent heart disease?
ANSWER CHOICES: free response
SOLUTION: NO ANSWER DETECTED
QUESTION: What are the beneficial effects of vitamin C (ascorb... | What is the purpose of aqua in the list of ingredients? | [
"\"solvent\""
] | solvent | true | The question is related to the role of ingredients in a product formulation, specifically mentioning compounds that are often studied in organic chemistry, such as fatty acids and emulsifiers. The inquiry about the specific role of 'aqua' in this context suggests an understanding of chemical interactions and functions,... | true | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Everyone knows what a lip is but I'm asking from a technical and anatomical standpoint.
Actually what we call "lip" is "vermilion" in medical terminology. But I want to ask if my understanding is right or not regarding to surface anatomy of the lip.
Lip consists of two parts called upper lip and lower lip. And upper li... | Okay, let me try to figure this out. The user is asking about the anatomical terminology related to lips. They mentioned that the common term "lip" is referred to as "vermilion" in medical terms. Wait, no, actually, they said that what we call the lip is the vermilion. But I need to check if that's accurate.
From what... | Your understanding of lip anatomy is mostly correct, with some nuances to clarify:
### **1. Breakdown of Lip Anatomy**
- **Lip Structure**:
- **Upper Lip** = Cutaneous (skin) part + Vermilion
- **Lower Lip** = Cutaneous (skin) part + Vermilion
This is anatomically accurate. The vermilion is a specialized m... | 37,334 | stackexchange-biology | <think>
Okay, let me try to figure this out. The user is asking about the anatomical terminology related to lips. They mentioned that the common term "lip" is referred to as "vermilion" in medical terms. Wait, no, actually, they said that what we call the lip is the vermilion. But I need to check if that's accurate.
F... | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Everyone knows what a lip is but I'm asking from a technical and anatomical standpoint.\nActually what we call \"lip\" is \"vermilion\" in medical terminology. But I want to ask if my understanding is right or not regarding to surface anatomy of the lip.\nLip consists of two par... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Illustrate the expected current-potential behavior of an electrochemical cell influenced by Dion's effect. | Okay, so I need to figure out how to illustrate the expected current-potential behavior of an electrochemical cell influenced by Dion's effect. First, I should recall what Dion's effect is. Wait, Dion's effect... Hmm, I'm not sure if I remember this correctly. Maybe it's a typo? Could it be the Dember effect? Or maybe ... | The expected current-potential behavior of an electrochemical cell influenced by **Dion's effect** can be illustrated as follows, assuming Dion's effect introduces a transport-related phenomenon such as enhanced ion mobility or modified concentration polarization:
1. **Current-Potential Curve Regions**:
- **Activat... | 29,437 | camel-chemistry | <think>
Okay, so I need to figure out how to illustrate the expected current-potential behavior of an electrochemical cell influenced by Dion's effect. First, I should recall what Dion's effect is. Wait, Dion's effect... Hmm, I'm not sure if I remember this correctly. Maybe it's a typo? Could it be the Dember effect? O... | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Illustrate the expected current-potential behavior of an electrochemical cell influenced by Dion's effect."
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "<think>\nOkay, so I need to figure out how to illustrate the expected current-potential behavior of an electrochemical cell influ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | chemistry | Chemist | 25 | 25 | 80 | Electrochemistry | Analyzing Dion's Effect in Electrode Reactions | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
What percentage of the subjects in J. H. Bair's experiment exhibited voluntary control of ear wiggling before training, given that only 2 out of 12 subjects had this ability? | Okay, so I need to figure out what percentage of the subjects in J.H. Bair's experiment could wiggle their ears voluntarily before any training. The problem states that only 2 out of 12 subjects had this ability. Alright, let me start by recalling how percentages work.
A percentage is basically a fraction out of 100. ... | To determine the percentage of subjects with voluntary control of ear wiggling before training in J.H. Bair's experiment:
1. **Fraction of subjects**:
\[
\frac{2}{12} = \frac{1}{6}
\]
2. **Convert to percentage**:
\[
\frac{1}{6} \times 100 \approx 16.67\%
\]
**Answer**: Approximately **16.67%**... | 18,371 | mattany/wikipedia-biology | <think>
Okay, so I need to figure out what percentage of the subjects in J.H. Bair's experiment could wiggle their ears voluntarily before any training. The problem states that only 2 out of 12 subjects had this ability. Alright, let me start by recalling how percentages work.
A percentage is basically a fraction out ... | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What percentage of the subjects in J. H. Bair's experiment exhibited voluntary control of ear wiggling before training, given that only 2 out of 12 subjects had this ability?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "<think>\nOkay, so I need to figure out what percentage of the... | null | null | null | null | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=59595112 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | Ear wiggling | Ear wiggling is movement of the external ear using the three muscles which are attached to it forward, above and behind. Some mammals such as cows have good control of these muscles, which they use to twitch and orient their ears, but humans usually find this difficult. J. H. Bair conducted experiments on humans, using... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 158,283 | Biology | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
How can various biotechnology techniques be utilized to create plant-based meat alternatives that closely replicate the taste, texture, and nutritional value of traditional meat products, thereby reducing the environmental impact and ethical concerns associated with animal agriculture?
Various biotechnology techniques ... | Okay, so I need to figure out how biotechnology can help make plant-based meats that taste and feel like real meat, and are also nutritious. The goal is to reduce environmental impact and ethical issues from animal farming. Let me start by recalling what I know about plant-based meats.
First, there's stuff like Beyond... | To address the challenge of creating plant-based meat alternatives that closely replicate traditional meat in taste, texture, and nutrition while mitigating environmental and ethical concerns, biotechnology offers a suite of innovative techniques. Here's an organized exploration of these methods, their applications, an... | 28,126 | AdapterOcean/biology_dataset_standardized_unified | <think>
Okay, so I need to figure out how biotechnology can help make plant-based meats that taste and feel like real meat, and are also nutritious. The goal is to reduce environmental impact and ethical issues from animal farming. Let me start by recalling what I know about plant-based meats.
First, there's stuff lik... | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "How can various biotechnology techniques be utilized to create plant-based meat alternatives that closely replicate the taste, texture, and nutritional value of traditional meat products, thereby reducing the environmental impact and ethical concerns associated with animal agric... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 16,059 | null | 8,614 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
What is the significance of the hyphal growth habit in fungi for bioremediation? | Okay, so I need to figure out the significance of hyphal growth in fungi for bioremediation. Let me start by recalling what hyphal growth is. Fungi have these thread-like structures called hyphae, which collectively form a mycelium. Hyphae grow by extending at their tips, branching out, and creating a network.
Biorem... | The hyphal growth habit in fungi plays a pivotal role in bioremediation due to several key structural and functional advantages:
1. **High Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio**: Hyphae's elongated, branching structure maximizes surface area, enhancing the absorption of nutrients and contaminants. This allows fungi to efficie... | 25,600 | camel-biology | <think>
Okay, so I need to figure out the significance of hyphal growth in fungi for bioremediation. Let me start by recalling what hyphal growth is. Fungi have these thread-like structures called hyphae, which collectively form a mycelium. Hyphae grow by extending at their tips, branching out, and creating a network. ... | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "What is the significance of the hyphal growth habit in fungi for bioremediation?"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "<think>\nOkay, so I need to figure out the significance of hyphal growth in fungi for bioremediation. Let me start by recalling what hyphal growth is. Fung... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | biology | Biologist | 25 | 25 | 80 | Mycology | Bioremediation potential of fungi | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
"Is the dimension of the superconformal algebra \\( F(4) \\) in five dimensions a subdimension of th(...TRUNCATED) | "Alright, so I need to figure out if the dimension of the five-dimensional superconformal algebra F((...TRUNCATED) | "To determine if the dimension of the five-dimensional superconformal algebra \\( F(4) \\) is a subd(...TRUNCATED) | 34,007 | cqadupstack-physics | "<think>\nAlright, so I need to figure out if the dimension of the five-dimensional superconformal a(...TRUNCATED) | [{"from":"human","value":"Is the dimension of the superconformal algebra \\( F(4) \\) in five dimens(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 41155 | Embedding of $F(4)$ in $OSp(8|4)$? | "Is the superconformal algebra in five dimensions, $F(4)$, a subalgebra of the (maximal) six-dimensi(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
"What effect does reducing the coupling strength in the otolithic membrane have on the hair bundle p(...TRUNCATED) | "Okay, so I need to figure out the effect of reducing the coupling strength in the otolithic membran(...TRUNCATED) | "Reducing the coupling strength in the otolithic membrane affects hair bundle position and vestibula(...TRUNCATED) | 29,997 | zeroshot/arxiv-biology | "<think>\nOkay, so I need to figure out the effect of reducing the coupling strength in the otolithi(...TRUNCATED) | [{"from":"human","value":"What effect does reducing the coupling strength in the otolithic membrane (...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | "Vestibular Drop Attacks and Meniere's Disease as Results of Otolithic\n Membrane Damage -- A Numer(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 2107.01379 | "BACKGROUND: Meniere's Disease (MD) is a condition of the inner ear with\nsymptoms affecting both ve(...TRUNCATED) | 36,918 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
"How has climate change affected the distribution and diversity of plant and animal species in tundr(...TRUNCATED) | "Okay, so I need to understand how climate change affects the distribution and diversity of plant an(...TRUNCATED) | "Climate change is profoundly altering tundra ecosystems, impacting both the distribution and divers(...TRUNCATED) | 15,994 | AdapterOcean/biology_dataset_standardized_unified | "<think>\nOkay, so I need to understand how climate change affects the distribution and diversity of(...TRUNCATED) | [{"from":"human","value":"How has climate change affected the distribution and diversity of plant an(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | 8,974 | null | 18,040 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
- Downloads last month
- 3