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Dementia with Lewy bodies | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dementia-with-lewy-bodies/ | Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), also known as Lewy body dementia, is one of the most common types of dementia. Dementia is the name for problems with mental abilities caused by gradual changes and damage in the brain. It's rare in people under 65. It tends to develop slowly and get gradually worse over several years.
... |
Dengue | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dengue/ | Check if you're at risk of dengue
You can get dengue if you're bitten by an infected mosquito. The mosquitoes that carry the dengue virus bite during the day. Dengue is very common in certain parts of the world. It's often found in tropical areas including:parts of Africa and AsiaCentral and South Americathe Caribbeant... |
Dental abscess | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dental-abscess/ | A dental abscess is a build-up of pus in the teeth or gums caused by an infection. It needs urgent treatment by a dentist. A dental abscess will not go away on its own.
Check if you have a dental abscess
Signs of a dental abscess include:intense toothache or pain in your gumsredness inside the mouth, or outside the mo... |
Dental pain, see Toothache | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/toothache/ | Non-urgent advice: See a dentist if you have toothache:
that lasts more than 2 daysthat does not go away when you take painkillerswith a high temperature, pain when you bite, red gums, or a bad taste in your mouthand your cheek or jaw is swollenDo not go to your GP as they will not be able to give you dental treatment... |
Dentures (false teeth) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dentures/ | Dentures are removable false teeth made of acrylic (plastic), nylon or metal. They fit snugly over the gums to replace missing teeth and eliminate potential problems caused by gaps. Gaps left by missing teeth can cause problems with eating and speech, and teeth either side of the gap may grow into the space at an angle... |
Detached retina (retinal detachment) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/detached-retina-retinal-detachment/ | A detached retina is when the thin layer at the back of your eye (retina) becomes loose. It needs to be treated quickly to stop it permanently affecting your sight.
Check if you have a detached retina
Symptoms of a detached retina include:floaters (dots and lines) or flashes of light in your eyea dark "curtain" or sha... |
Developmental co-ordination disorder (dyspraxia) in children | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/developmental-coordination-disorder-dyspraxia/ | Developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD), also known as dyspraxia, is a condition affecting physical co-ordination. It causes a child to perform less well than expected in daily activities for their age, and appear to move clumsily. This topic is about DCD in children, although the condition often causes continued pr... |
Developmental dysplasia of the hip | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/developmental-dysplasia-of-the-hip/ | Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition where the "ball and socket" joint of the hip does not properly form in babies and young children. It's sometimes called congenital dislocation of the hip, or hip dysplasia. The hip joint attaches the thigh bone (femur) to the pelvis. The top of the femur (femoral ... |
DEXA scan, see Bone density scan (DEXA scan) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dexa-scan/ | A bone density scan uses low dose X-rays to see how dense (or strong) your bones are. You may also hear it called a DEXA scan. Bone density scans are often used to diagnose or assess your risk of osteoporosis, a health condition that weakens bones and makes them more likely to break. As well as being quick and painless... |
Diabetes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetes/ | Diabetes is a condition that causes a person's blood sugar level to become too high. There are 2 main types of diabetes:type 1 diabetes – a lifelong condition where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulintype 2 diabetes – where the body does not produce enough insulin, or the body's... |
Diabetes (type 1), see Type 1 diabetes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-1-diabetes/ | What is type 1 diabetes?
Symptoms
Treatment
Living with type 1 diabetes
Complications
Help and support |
Diabetes (type 2), see Type 2 diabetes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/ | Type 2 diabetes is a common condition that causes the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood to become too high. It can cause symptoms like excessive thirst, needing to pee a lot and tiredness. Many people have no symptoms. It increases your risk of getting serious problems with your eyes, feet, heart and nerves. It's a... |
Diabetes in pregnancy, see Gestational diabetes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gestational-diabetes/ | Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar (glucose) that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth. It can happen at any stage of pregnancy, but is more common in the second or third trimester. It happens when your body cannot produce enough insulin – a hormone that helps control blood sugar le... |
Diabetes insipidus | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetes-insipidus/ | Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition where you pee a lot and often feel thirsty. Diabetes insipidus is not related to type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes (also known as diabetes mellitus), but it does share some of the same signs and symptoms. The 2 main symptoms of diabetes insipidus are:extreme thirst (polydipsia)pe... |
Diabetic eye screening | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetic-eye-screening/ | Why diabetic screening is done
If you have diabetes you may be at risk of developing an eye condition called diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy can cause sight loss if it's not treated. Diabetic eye screening checks for signs of diabetic retinopathy, often before you notice any changes in your sight. Finding an... |
Diabetic ketoacidosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetic-ketoacidosis/ | Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious condition that can happen in people with diabetes. It's where a lack of insulin causes harmful substances called ketones to build up in the blood. It can be life threatening and needs urgent treatment in hospital.
Check if you have diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Symptoms of diabet... |
Diabetic retinopathy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diabetic-retinopathy/ | Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes, caused by high blood sugar levels damaging the back of the eye (retina). It can cause blindness if left undiagnosed and untreated. However, it usually takes several years for diabetic retinopathy to reach a stage where it could threaten your sight. To minimise the ris... |
Dialysis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dialysis/ | Dialysis is a procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys stop working properly. It often involves diverting blood to a machine to be cleaned. Normally, the kidneys filter the blood, removing harmful waste products and excess fluid and turning these into urine to be passed out of... |
Diarrhoea and vomiting | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diarrhoea-and-vomiting/ | Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. They're often caused by a stomach bug and should stop in a few days. The advice is the same if you have diarrhoea and vomiting together or separately.
How to treat diarrhoea and vomiting yourself
Diarrhoea and vomiting can usually be treated at home. Th... |
Diarrhoea, see Diarrhoea and vomiting | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diarrhoea-and-vomiting/ | Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. They're often caused by a stomach bug and should stop in a few days. The advice is the same if you have diarrhoea and vomiting together or separately.
How to treat diarrhoea and vomiting yourself
Diarrhoea and vomiting can usually be treated at home. Th... |
Differences in sex development | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/differences-in-sex-development/ | Differences in sex development (DSD) is a group of rare conditions involving genes, hormones and reproductive organs, including genitals. It means a person's sex development is different to most other people's. Sometimes the term Disorders of Sex Development is used, as is Variations in Sex Characteristics (VSC) or Div... |
DiGeorge syndrome (22q11 deletion) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/digeorge-syndrome/ | DiGeorge syndrome is a condition present from birth that can cause a range of lifelong problems, including heart defects and learning difficulties. The severity of the condition varies. Some children can be severely ill and very occasionally may die from it, but many others may grow up without realising they have it. D... |
Diphtheria | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diphtheria/ | Diphtheria is a highly contagious infection that affects the nose and throat, and sometimes the skin. It's rare in the UK, but there's a small risk of catching it if you travel to some parts of the world. Diphtheria can be a serious illness and sometimes fatal, especially in children, if it’s not treated quickly. Vacci... |
Discoid eczema | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/discoid-eczema/ | Discoid eczema, also known as nummular or discoid dermatitis, is a long-term (chronic) skin condition that causes skin to become itchy, swollen and cracked in circular or oval patches. Without treatment, discoid eczema can last for weeks, months or even years. It may also keep coming back – often in the same area that ... |
Dislocated kneecap | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dislocated-kneecap/ | A dislocated kneecap is where your kneecap (patella) moves out of place. It is usually caused by an injury to the knee. Get medical advice as soon as possible if you think you have a dislocated kneecap.
Urgent advice: Get help from NHS 111 if:
You've injured your knee and:it's very painfulit's swollen or bruisedyou c... |
Dislocated shoulder | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dislocated-shoulder/ | A dislocated shoulder is when your upper arm bone comes out of place from your shoulder socket. Get medical help as soon as possible if you think you’ve dislocated your shoulder. Do not try to treat it yourself.
Immediate action required: Go to A&E if:
You've injured your shoulder and:you cannot move your armyour sho... |
Diverticular disease and diverticulitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diverticular-disease-and-diverticulitis/ | Diverticular disease and diverticulitis are conditions that affect the large intestine (bowel), causing tummy (abdominal) pain and other symptoms. They're caused by small bulges or pouches in the walls of the intestine called diverticula.
Information:
Diverticulosis is when there are diverticula in your bowel, but the... |
Dizziness | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dizziness/ | It's common to sometimes feel dizzy, lightheaded or off-balance, and it's not usually serious. See a GP if you're worried.
Check if you have dizziness
Dizziness includes feeling:off-balancegiddylightheaded or faintlike you're spinning or things around you are spinning (vertigo)
How you can treat dizziness yourself
Di... |
Do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) decisions | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/do-not-attempt-cardiopulmonary-resuscitation-dnacpr-decisions/ | CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. It's a treatment that can be given when you stop breathing (respiratory arrest) or your heart stops beating (cardiac arrest). CPR tries to get your breathing and heart going again. It can involve:pressing down hard on your chest repeatedly (chest compressions)a machine to s... |
Dog bites, see Animal and human bites | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/animal-and-human-bites/ | Most animal bites are not serious, but you may need to get medical help if the bite is severe or there are signs of infection. This page is about human bites and bites from animals, such as cats and dogs, that have broken the skin. There's a separate page about snake bites.
What to do after animal or human bites
There... |
Double vision | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/double-vision/ | Double vision (diplopia) is not usually serious, but it's important to get it checked, even if it comes and goes.
Check if you have double vision
Double vision is when you look at 1 object but can see 2 images. It may affect 1 eye or both eyes. Children often cannot tell if they have double vision. Signs that your chi... |
Down's syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/downs-syndrome/ | Down's syndrome is when you're born with an extra chromosome. You usually get an extra chromosome by chance, because of a change in the sperm or egg before you're born. This change does not happen because of anything anyone did before or during pregnancy.
What it's like to have Down's syndromePeople with Down's syndro... |
Dry eyes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dry-eyes/ | Many people get dry eyes. It's not usually serious and there are things you can do to help.
Check if you have dry eyes
You may have dry eyes if your eyes are:itchysoregrittyredblurrysensitive to lightmore watery than normal
Causes of dry eyes
You can get dry eyes if you do not make enough tears or your tears dry up q... |
Dry lips, see Sore or dry lips | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sore-or-dry-lips/ | Dry or sore lips are a common problem, especially during hot or cold weather. There are things you can try yourself that may help.
Things you can try if you have sore or dry lips
Do
use a lip balm containing petroleum jelly or beeswax – you can buy these at a pharmacy or supermarket
try a few different lip balms if... |
Dry mouth | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dry-mouth/ | A dry mouth is rarely a sign of anything serious. There are things you can do to help ease it yourself. See a GP if these do not work or you also have other symptoms.
Causes of a dry mouth
The main causes of a dry mouth are:dehydration – for example, from not drinking enough, sweating a lot or being illmedicines – che... |
Dupuytren's contracture | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dupuytrens-contracture/ | Check if you have Dupuytren's contracture
Dupuytren's contracture mainly affects the ring and little fingers. It's common to have it in both hands at the same time. It tends to get slowly worse over many months or years. It's not usually painful, but it can affect how you use your hand.
It starts with lumps, dimples o... |
DVT (deep vein thrombosis) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis-dvt/ | DVT (deep vein thrombosis) is a blood clot in a vein, usually in the leg. DVT can be dangerous. Get medical help as soon as possible if you think you have DVT.
Symptoms of DVT (deep vein thrombosis)
Symptoms of DVT (deep vein thrombosis) in the leg are:throbbing pain in 1 leg (rarely both legs), usually in the calf or... |
Dwarfism, see Restricted growth (dwarfism) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/restricted-growth/ | Restricted growth, sometimes known as dwarfism, is a condition characterised by unusually short height. There are 2 main types of restricted growth:proportionate short stature (PSS) – a general lack of growth in the body, arms and legsdisproportionate short stature (DSS) – where the arms and legs are particularly short... |
Dysarthria (difficulty speaking) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dysarthria/ | Dysarthria is where you have difficulty speaking because the muscles you use for speech are weak. It can be caused by conditions that damage your brain or nerves and some medicines. Speech and language therapy can help.
Immediate action required: Call 999 if:
somebody's face droops on 1 side (the mouth or eye may hav... |
Dysentery | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dysentery/ | Check if it's dysentery
The main symptom of dysentery is diarrhoea with blood and sometimes mucus (clear slime) in it. You may also have:tummy paina high temperature
Urgent advice: Ask for an urgent GP appointment or get help from NHS 111 if:
you or your child have bloody diarrhoeaTell the GP or other health professi... |
Dyslexia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dyslexia/ | Dyslexia is a common learning difficulty that mainly causes problems with reading, writing and spelling. It's a specific learning difficulty, which means it causes problems with certain abilities used for learning, such as reading and writing. Unlike a learning disability, intelligence isn't affected. It's estimated up... |
Dysphagia (swallowing problems) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/swallowing-problems-dysphagia/ | Dysphagia is where you have problems swallowing. It's usually caused by certain medicines or another condition, such as acid reflux or a stroke.
Check if it's dysphagia
Some people with dysphagia have problems swallowing certain foods or drinks, while others cannot swallow at all. Signs of dysphagia include:coughing o... |
Dyspraxia (developmental co-ordination disorder) in adults | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/developmental-coordination-disorder-dyspraxia-in-adults/ | Dyspraxia, also known as developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD), is a common disorder that affects movement and co-ordination. Dyspraxia does not affect your intelligence. It can affect your co-ordination skills – such as tasks requiring balance, playing sports or learning to drive a car. Dyspraxia can also affect ... |
Dyspraxia in children, see Developmental co-ordination disorder (dyspraxia) in children | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/developmental-coordination-disorder-dyspraxia/ | Developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD), also known as dyspraxia, is a condition affecting physical co-ordination. It causes a child to perform less well than expected in daily activities for their age, and appear to move clumsily. This topic is about DCD in children, although the condition often causes continued pr... |
Dystonia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dystonia/ | Check if you have dystonia
Dystonia can affect your whole body or just 1 part. It can start at any age. Symptoms of dystonia include:uncontrolled muscle cramps and spasmsparts of your body twisting into unusual positions – such as your neck being twisted to the side or your feet turning inwardsshaking (tremors)uncontro... |
Ear infections | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ear-infections/ | Ear infections are very common, particularly in children. You do not always need to see a GP for an ear infection as they often get better on their own within 3 days.
Check if it's an ear infection
The symptoms of an ear infection usually start quickly and include:pain inside the eara high temperaturebeing sicka lack ... |
Earache | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/earache/ | Earache and ear pain is common, particularly in young children. It can be painful, but is not usually a sign of anything serious.
How long earache lasts
It depends on what's causing it. Most earaches in children are caused by an ear infection, which usually start to improve after a few days.
Spotting earache in babie... |
Eardrum (burst), see Perforated eardrum | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/perforated-eardrum/ | A perforated (burst) eardrum is a hole or tear in your eardrum. It usually gets better on its own within 2 months, but you may need treatment such as antibiotics.
Check if you have a perforated eardrum
Symptoms of a perforated eardrum usually start suddenly after an:ear infectioninjury (such as getting hit on your ear... |
Early menopause | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/early-menopause/ | Early menopause is when your periods stop before the age of 45. It can happen naturally or be caused by treatment for other conditions.
Check if it's early menopause
The main symptom of early menopause is not having your period regularly or your periods stopping completely. Other symptoms include:hot flushes and night... |
Early or delayed puberty | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/early-or-delayed-puberty/ | Puberty is when a child's body begins to develop and change as they become an adult. Signs of puberty include girls developing breasts and starting periods, and boys developing a larger penis and testicles, a deeper voice and a more muscular appearance. The average age for girls to start puberty is 11, while for boys t... |
Earwax build-up | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/earwax-build-up/ | Earwax normally just falls out on its own. When it's blocking your ears, a pharmacist can help.
Symptoms of earwax build-up
Symptoms of earwax build-up include:hearing lossearache or a feeling that your ears are blockedringing or buzzing in your ears (tinnitus)vertigo (feeling dizzy and sick)
How you can treat earwax... |
Ebola virus disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ebola/ | Ebola virus disease is a serious, rare infection usually found in certain parts of Africa. It's caught by coming into contact with the body fluids of an infected person or wild animal.
Check if you're at risk of Ebola
Ebola is caused by a virus caught from wild animals. It spreads from person to person when you touch ... |
Echocardiogram | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/echocardiogram/ | An echocardiogram, or "echo", is a scan used to look at the heart and nearby blood vessels. It's a type of ultrasound scan, which means a small probe is used to send out high-frequency sound waves that create echoes when they bounce off different parts of the body. These echoes are picked up by the probe and turned int... |
Ectopic beats, see Heart palpitations | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/heart-palpitations/ | Heart palpitations are when your heartbeat becomes more noticeable. They're usually harmless, but get help if you keep getting them or you also have other symptoms.
What heart palpitations feel like
When you have heart palpitations, your heartbeat feels uncomfortable or unusual. You may feel it in your chest, neck or ... |
Ectopic pregnancy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ectopic-pregnancy/ | An ectopic pregnancy is when a fertilised egg implants itself outside of the womb, usually in one of the fallopian tubes. The fallopian tubes are the tubes connecting the ovaries to the womb. If an egg gets stuck in them, it won't develop into a baby and your health may be at risk if the pregnancy continues. Unfortunat... |
Ectropion | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ectropion/ | Ectropion is where the lower eyelid droops away from the eye and turns outwards. It's not usually serious, but can be uncomfortable. Ectropion mainly affects the lower eyelid and can happen in 1 or both eyes.
Credit: DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/256885/view
The drooping eyeli... |
Eczema (atopic), see Atopic eczema | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atopic-eczema/ | Check if it's atopic eczema
Atopic eczema can appear in different areas of the body, but it's common on the elbows, knees and hands. In babies and toddlers, it's also common on the face. Atopic eczema can make your skin:itchydry, cracked, crusty, scaly or thickenedred, white, purple or grey, or lighter or darker than t... |
Eczema (contact dermatitis), see Contact dermatitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contact-dermatitis/ | Contact dermatitis is a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance. Eczema is the name for a group of conditions that cause skin to become dry and irritated. Contact dermatitis usually improves or clears up completely if the substance causing the problem is identified and avoided. Treatments are al... |
Eczema (discoid), see Discoid eczema | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/discoid-eczema/ | Discoid eczema, also known as nummular or discoid dermatitis, is a long-term (chronic) skin condition that causes skin to become itchy, swollen and cracked in circular or oval patches. Without treatment, discoid eczema can last for weeks, months or even years. It may also keep coming back – often in the same area that ... |
Eczema (varicose), see Varicose eczema | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/varicose-eczema/ | Varicose eczema, also known as venous, gravitational or stasis eczema, is a long-term skin condition that affects the lower legs. It's common in people with varicose veins. Varicose eczema tends to be a long-term problem. However, treatments are available to help keep it under control.
Symptoms of varicose eczema
Cre... |
Edwards' syndrome (trisomy 18) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/edwards-syndrome/ | Edwards' syndrome, also known as trisomy 18, is a rare but serious condition. Edwards' syndrome affects how long a baby may survive. Sadly, most babies with Edwards' syndrome will die before or shortly after being born. A small number (about 13 in 100) babies born alive with Edwards' syndrome will live past their 1st b... |
Ehlers-Danlos syndromes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ehlers-danlos-syndromes/ | Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of rare inherited conditions that affect connective tissue. Connective tissues provide support in skin, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels, internal organs and bones.
Symptoms of Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS)
There are several types of EDS that may share some symptoms. These in... |
Ejaculation problems | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ejaculation-problems/ | Ejaculation problems are common sexual problems in men. The 3 main types of ejaculation problems are:premature ejaculationdelayed ejaculationretrograde ejaculationIf you have a persistent problem with ejaculation, visit your GP, who will discuss the problem with you and may examine you or refer you to a specialist.
Pr... |
Elbow and arm pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/elbow-and-arm-pain/ | Elbow and arm pain is not usually a sign of anything serious. If it does not go away after a few weeks, see a GP.
How you can ease elbow and arm pain yourself
To ease elbow and arm pain, try these things for a couple of days:put a heat pack or a pack of frozen peas wrapped in a tea towel on your arm – do this for 10 t... |
Electrocardiogram (ECG) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/electrocardiogram/ | An ECG (electrocardiogram) is a test that records the electrical activity of your heart, including the rate and rhythm. It's usually quick and painless.
Why an ECG (electrocardiogram) is done
You'll usually have an ECG (electrocardiogram) if a doctor or healthcare professional thinks you're having symptoms of:a heart ... |
Electroencephalogram (EEG) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/electroencephalogram/ | An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a recording of brain activity. During this painless test, small sensors are attached to the scalp to pick up the electrical signals produced by the brain. These signals are recorded by a machine and are looked at by a doctor. The EEG procedure is usually carried out by a highly trained ... |
Electrolyte test | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/electrolyte-test/ | An electrolyte test is a blood test that measures if there's an electrolyte imbalance in the body. Electrolytes are salts and minerals, such as sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate, which are found in the blood. They can conduct electrical impulses in the body. The test is sometimes carried out during a routine ... |
Emollients | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/emollients/ | Emollients are moisturising treatments applied directly to the skin to soothe and hydrate it. They cover the skin with a protective film to trap in moisture. Emollients are often used to help manage dry, itchy or scaly skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis and ichthyosis. They help prevent patches of inflammation a... |
Empyema | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/empyema/ | Empyema is the medical term for pockets of pus that have collected inside a body cavity. They can form if a bacterial infection is left untreated, or if it fails to fully respond to treatment. The term empyema is most commonly used to refer to pus-filled pockets that develop in the pleural space. This is the slim space... |
Encephalitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/encephalitis/ | Encephalitis is an uncommon but serious condition in which the brain becomes inflamed (swollen). It can be life threatening and requires urgent treatment in hospital. Anyone can be affected, but the very young and very old are most at risk.
Symptoms of encephalitis
Encephalitis usually starts off with flu-like symptom... |
Endocarditis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/endocarditis/ | Endocarditis is a rare and potentially fatal infection of the inner lining of the heart (the endocardium). It's most commonly caused by bacteria entering the blood and travelling to the heart. Although the heart is usually well protected against infection, it may be easier for bacteria to bypass the immune system in pe... |
Endometrial cancer, see Womb (uterus) cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/womb-cancer/ | Credit: Created by Multimedia Team at nhs.uk
Womb cancer is cancer that affects the womb (uterus). It's most common in women who've been through menopause. Anyone with a womb can get womb cancer. The womb is where a baby grows during pregnancy. Most womb cancer usually starts in the lining of the womb (endometrium), t... |
Endometriosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/endometriosis/ | Credit: Multimedia Team - nhs.uk
Symptoms of endometriosis
Endometriosis usually grows in areas around the womb, such as the ovaries and fallopian tubes. It can also affect organs such as the bladder and bowel. Symptoms happen when patches of endometriosis break down and bleed during your period but cannot leave your ... |
Endoscopy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/endoscopy/ | An endoscopy is a test to look inside your body. A long, thin tube with a small camera inside, called an endoscope, is passed into your body through a natural opening such as your mouth. Your GP may refer you for an endoscopy if you're having certain symptoms. It will usually be done at an endoscopy unit in a hospital.... |
Enhanced recovery | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/enhanced-recovery/ | Enhanced recovery is an evidence-based approach that helps people recover more quickly after having major surgery. Many hospitals – although not all – have enhanced recovery programmes in place, and it's now seen as standard practice following surgery for many procedures. Enhanced recovery is sometimes referred to as r... |
Epidermolysis bullosa | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/epidermolysis-bullosa/ | Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is the name for a group of rare inherited skin disorders that cause the skin to become very fragile. Any trauma or friction to the skin can cause painful blisters.
Symptoms of epidermolysis bullosa
Common symptoms in all types of EB include:skin that blisters easilyblisters on the hands and ... |
Epididymitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/epididymitis/ | Check if you have epididymitis
Symptoms of epididymitis may include:sudden or gradual pain in 1 or both of your testicles (balls)the bag of skin containing your testicles (scrotum) feeling tender, warm and swollena build-up of fluid around your testicle (a hydrocele) that feels like a lump or swellingDepending on the c... |
Epidural | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/epidural/ | An epidural is an injection in your back to stop you feeling pain in part of your body. This page covers epidural anaesthesia, a type of epidural commonly given for pain relief in childbirth and in some types of surgery.
When epidurals are used
Epidurals can be used:during labour and childbirth, including caesareansdu... |
Epiglottitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/epiglottitis/ | Epiglottitis is inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis. It's often caused by an infection, but can also sometimes happen as a result of a throat injury. The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that sits beneath the tongue at the back of the throat. Its main function is to close over the windpipe (trachea) while you're ... |
Epilepsy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/epilepsy/ | Epilepsy is a common condition that affects the brain and causes frequent seizures. Seizures are bursts of electrical activity in the brain that temporarily affect how it works. They can cause a wide range of symptoms. Epilepsy can start at any age, but usually starts either in childhood or in people over 60. It's ofte... |
Erectile dysfunction (impotence) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/erection-problems-erectile-dysfunction/ | Erectile dysfunction (impotence) is very common, particularly in men over 40. It's usually nothing to worry about, but see a GP if it keeps happening.
What is erectile dysfunction?
Erectile dysfunction is when you are either:unable to get an erectionunable to keep an erection for long enough to have sexDepending on th... |
Erythema multiforme | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/erythema-multiforme/ | Erythema multiforme is a skin condition that can be caused by an infection or some medicines. It usually gets better on its own in 2 to 4 weeks.
Check if it's erythema multiforme
The main symptom of erythema multiforme is a rash.
The rash usually appears on your hands and feet, and spreads to your tummy, chest, back ... |
Erythema nodosum | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/erythema-nodosum/ | Erythema nodosum is a condition that causes painful patches of skin that look red or darker than the surrounding skin. It usually goes away by itself, but it can sometimes be a sign of something serious like an inflammatory bowel condition, such as Crohn's disease.
Check if you have erythema nodosum
If you have erythe... |
Erythrocytosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/erythrocytosis/ | Erythrocytosis, sometimes called polycythaemia, means having a high concentration of red blood cells in your blood. This makes the blood thicker and less able to travel through blood vessels and organs. Many of the symptoms of erythrocytosis are caused by this sluggish flow of blood.
Symptoms of erythrocytosisNot ever... |
Erythromelalgia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/erythromelalgia/ | Erythromelalgia is a rare condition that causes burning pain, redness and hot skin, mainly in the feet. It can be constant or come and go, but treatment and avoiding triggers can help.
Check if it's erythromelalgia
Erythromelalgia usually affects the feet, but can also happen in the hands, arms, legs, ears and face. T... |
Essential tremor, see Tremor or shaking hands | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tremor-or-shaking-hands/ | A tremor is when you're not able to control shaking or trembling in part of your body. See a GP if a tremor is affecting your life as treatment may help to reduce it.
When a tremor is normal
It's normal to have a slight tremor. For example, if you hold your hands or arms out in front of you, they will not be completel... |
Euthanasia and assisted suicide | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/euthanasia-and-assisted-suicide/ | Euthanasia is the act of deliberately ending a person's life to relieve suffering. For example, it could be considered euthanasia if a doctor deliberately gave a patient with a terminal illness a drug they do not otherwise need, such as an overdose of sedatives or muscle relaxant, with the sole aim of ending their life... |
Excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/excessive-daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia/ | Excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia) is a condition where people fall asleep repeatedly during the day.
Check if it's hypersomnia
Excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia) is different from feeling tired all the time. If you have hypersomnia, you may:regularly nap during the dayfall asleep during the daystill s... |
Excessive hair growth (hirsutism) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hirsutism/ | Hirsutism is where women have thick, dark hair on their face, neck, chest, tummy, lower back, buttocks or thighs. See a GP if it's a problem for you. It might be caused by a medical condition that can be treated.
Causes of hirsutism
Hirsutism is linked to hormones called androgens. It can happen if the level of these ... |
Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/excessive-sweating-hyperhidrosis/ | Excessive sweating is common and can affect the whole body or just certain areas. Sometimes it gets better with age but there are things you can do and treatments that can help.
What is excessive sweating?
It's normal to sweat if you get hot or do exercise, but you may be sweating excessively if you're sweating when y... |
Excessive thirst | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/thirst/ | It's normal to sometimes feel thirsty, but it's not normal to constantly feel thirsty even when you're drinking a lot. See a GP to find out what's causing your excessive thirst.
Why am I always thirsty?
Most of the time if you're feeling thirsty it's because you need to drink more fluids. This can happen if you:sweat ... |
Eye cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/eye-cancer/ | Around 850 cases of eye cancer (ocular cancer) are diagnosed in the UK each year. There are a number of different types of cancer that affect the eyes, including:eye melanomasquamous cell carcinomalymphomaretinoblastoma – a childhood cancerCancer can also sometimes develop in the tissues surrounding your eyeball or spr... |
Eye cancer in children, see Retinoblastoma | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/retinoblastoma/ | What is retinoblastoma?
Symptoms
Causes
Tests and next steps
Treatment
Help and support |
Eye flashes, see Floaters and flashes in the eyes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/floaters-and-flashes-in-the-eyes/ | Dots and lines (floaters) or flashes of light in your vision are common. They're not usually serious.
Check if you have floaters and flashes
Floaters in your vision can look like:small dark dotssquiggly linesringscobwebsFlashes look like sudden flashes of light. They're usually harmless and not a sign of anything seri... |
Eye floaters, see Floaters and flashes in the eyes | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/floaters-and-flashes-in-the-eyes/ | Dots and lines (floaters) or flashes of light in your vision are common. They're not usually serious.
Check if you have floaters and flashes
Floaters in your vision can look like:small dark dotssquiggly linesringscobwebsFlashes look like sudden flashes of light. They're usually harmless and not a sign of anything seri... |
Eye infection (herpes), see Herpes simplex eye infections | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/herpes-simplex-eye-infections/ | A herpes simplex eye infection is a viral infection that can cause a painful, red eye. It's also called eye herpes or ocular herpes. It's important to get treatment because it can sometimes affect your sight.
Check if it's a herpes simplex eye infection
Herpes simplex eye infections usually affect only one eye. The sy... |
Eye injuries | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/eye-injuries/ | Minor eye injuries, such as shampoo or dust in your eye, often get better on their own within a day. Get medical help if you have a chemical in your eye or something pierces it.
Immediate action required: Go to A&E or call 999 if:
a strong chemical, such as oven cleaner or bleach, is in your eye – keep rinsing your e... |
Eye tests for children | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/eye-tests-in-children/ | Although serious vision problems during childhood are rare, routine eye checks are offered to newborn babies and young children to identify any problems early on. Free NHS sight tests are also available at opticians for children under 16 and for young people under 19 in full-time education.
Why eye checks are importan... |
Eyelid problems | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/eyelid-problems/ | Find out what to do if you have a lump on your eyelid, or an eyelid that's swollen, sticky, itchy or painful.
Most eyelid problems are harmless
Many eyelid problems are not serious. It's fairly common to have any of these problems:a lump that goes away by itself after several days or weeksmildly itchy, flaky or sticky... |
Face blindness, see Prosopagnosia (face blindness) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/face-blindness/ | Prosopagnosia, also called face blindness, is a condition where you have difficulty recognising people's faces. There is no treatment, but there are things you can do to help you recognise people.
Check if you have prosopagnosia (face blindness)
The main symptom of prosopagnosia is having difficulty recognising faces.... |
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