id stringclasses 77
values | instruction_seed stringlengths 21 15.3k | output stringclasses 109
values | source stringclasses 9
values | license stringclasses 4
values | dataset stringclasses 4
values | split stringclasses 3
values | difficulty int64 6 10 ⌀ | solution stringclasses 108
values | index stringclasses 21
values | _source stringclasses 5
values | difficulty_reasoning stringclasses 269
values | __original_row_idx int64 0 1.48k | ms_id int64 8 53.1k | final_reasoning_trace stringlengths 2.32k 42.3k | _domain stringclasses 3
values | messages listlengths 2 2 ⌀ | response_seed stringlengths 40 5.42k ⌀ | gpt41_mini_response stringlengths 1.28k 30.1k ⌀ | length int64 1.28k 30.1k ⌀ | domain stringclasses 47
values | r1_response stringlengths 346 3.71k ⌀ | r1_reasoning_content stringlengths 1.95k 46.5k ⌀ | extract_solution stringclasses 216
values | url stringclasses 48
values | filename stringclasses 48
values | success bool 1
class | page_count int64 6 500 ⌀ | page_number int64 1 500 ⌀ | question_choices_solutions stringclasses 315
values | extracted_question stringclasses 329
values | extracted_answer_choices sequencelengths 1 5 ⌀ | matched_solution stringclasses 284
values | qa_validation_outputs bool 1
class | classifier_reasoning stringlengths 126 909 ⌀ | is_organic_chemistry bool 1
class | conversations listlengths 2 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
null | So I am currently taking a class on advanced quantum field theory, and I came across something that I don't understand. I have been thinking about it for quite some time and I cannot get my head around it.
So the $1PI$ effective action is given by:
$$\Gamma[\Phi]= J \Phi- W[J[\Phi]]$$
Plugging this into an exponential ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | stackexchange-physics | null | 168 | 3,157 | <think> Okay, so I need to figure out why the term Γ¹PI[Φ] in the expression Γ[Φ] = S[Φ] + Γ¹PI[Φ] is a sum over 1PI graphs. Let me start by recalling what each part of this equation represents. The 1PI effective action Γ[Φ] is related to the generating function W[J] via Γ[Φ] = JΦ - W[J[Φ]]. We also derived an expressi... | science | null | null | Thank you for the detailed explanation of your question! It's a very good and subtle point in the functional approach to QFT and the interpretation of the effective action. Let me try to clarify how the identification of \(\Gamma^{1PI}[\Phi]\) as a sum over 1-particle irreducible (1PI) diagrams emerges from the path in... | 10,129 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "So I am currently taking a class on advanced quantum field theory, and I came across something that I don't understand. I have been thinking about it for quite some time and I cannot get my head around it.\nSo the $1PI$ effective action is given by:\n$$\\Gamma[\\Phi]= J \\Phi- W... |
null | 2. Match each of the reactions given in Column-I with the corresponding product(s) given in Column-II.\n\n | Column-I | Column-II |\n |------------------|-----------|\n | (a) Cu + dil. \( \text{HNO}_3 \) | (p) NO |\n | (b) Cu + conc. \( \text{HNO}_3 \) | (q) \( \text{NO}_2 \) |\n\n(IIT-JEE, 2009) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | organic-chemistry-questions | null | 201 | 3,572 | <think> Okay, so I have this chemistry problem here from IIT-JEE 2009. It's about matching reactions with their products. The question gives two reactions in Column-I (Cu with dilute HNO3 and Cu with concentrated HNO3) and two products in Column-II (NO and NO2). I need to pair each reaction with its correct product. Hm... | science | null | null | Let's analyze the reactions of copper (Cu) with dilute and concentrated nitric acid (\(\text{HNO}_3\)) and match each with their respective products.
---
### Given:
| Column-I | Column-II |
|---------------------------------|-----------------|
| (a) Cu + dil. \( \text{HNO}_3 \) | (p) NO... | 1,360 | Inorganic Chemistry |
To determine the products of the reactions between copper and nitric acid, we need to consider the concentration of the nitric acid.
1. **Reaction of Copper with Dilute Nitric Acid (a)**:
- Dilute nitric acid reacts with copper to produce copper nitrate, water, and nitric oxide (NO).
- The balanced chemical eq... | Okay, so I need to figure out which product corresponds to each reaction of copper with dilute and concentrated nitric acid. Let me start by recalling what I know about these reactions.
First, nitric acid (HNO3) is a strong oxidizing acid, and its reactions with metals typically produce nitrate salts, water, and some ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | The question involves chemical reactions, specifically the reactions of copper (Cu) with nitric acid in different concentrations, which are topics typically covered in organic chemistry courses, particularly in the context of oxidation and reduction reactions. | true | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "2. Match each of the reactions given in Column-I with the corresponding product(s) given in Column-II.\\n\\n | Column-I | Column-II |\\n |------------------|-----------|\\n | (a) Cu + dil. \\( \\text{HNO}_3 \\) | (p) NO |\\n | (b) Cu + conc. \\( \\text{HNO}_3 ... |
null | The question came up in this thread: What is the current value for the temperature at which Recombination took place? I was under the impression that we had an independent measurement of Hydrogen in the current universe in order to test out the predictions of BBN. One of the respondents seems to be suggesting that the... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | stackexchange-physics | null | 267 | 798 | <think> Okay, so the user is asking about the density of hydrogen and helium in the universe and whether there's an independent measurement that doesn't rely on the ΛCDM model. They also want to know how we can be sure the BBN prediction of ~75% hydrogen is correct.
First, I need to recall what BBN (Big Bang Nucleosyn... | science | null | null | This is a subtle and important question about what we actually measure in cosmology, how much our measurements depend on cosmological models, and what this implies for our understanding of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) predictions and the recombination epoch.
---
### 1. **Temperature of Recombination**
The temperat... | 8,165 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | [
{
"from": "human",
"value": "The question came up in this thread: What is the current value for the temperature at which Recombination took place? I was under the impression that we had an independent measurement of Hydrogen in the current universe in order to test out the predictions of BBN. One of the re... |
null | "Output this 1364-digit base-10 number:\n10346063175382775954983214965288942351853612536382034663905(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | 10 | null | null | stackexchange_codegolf | "The problem involves understanding a complex multi-layer manipulation of numbers starting from a wo(...TRUNCATED) | 407 | 6,319 | "<think> Okay, let's see. The user provided a 1364-digit number generated through several steps rela(...TRUNCATED) | code | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | [{"from":"human","value":"Output this 1364-digit base-10 number:\n1034606317538277595498321496528894(...TRUNCATED) |
null | "The product has two asymmetric centers. Because radical addition of HBr can be either syn or anti, (...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | organic-chemistry-questions | null | 8 | 3,473 | "<think> Okay, so I have this chemistry problem here: The product has two asymmetric centers. Becaus(...TRUNCATED) | science | null | null | "Let's analyze the problem carefully:\n\n### Situation:\n- The reaction involves a **radical additio(...TRUNCATED) | 1,317 | null | null | null | null | "https://tech.chemistrydocs.com/Books/Organic/Study-Guide-and-Solutions-Manual-for-Organic-Chemistry(...TRUNCATED) | Study-Guide-and-Solutions-Manual-for-Organic-Chemistry-by-Paula-Yurkanis-Bruice.pdf | true | 500 | 403 | "QUESTION: Removing one of the a allylic hydrogens forms an intermediate in which the unpaired elect(...TRUNCATED) | "The product with two asymmetric centers due to radical addition of HBr will yield how many stereois(...TRUNCATED) | [
"\"one\"",
"\"two\"",
"\"three\"",
"\"four\""
] | "four" | true | "The question pertains to organic chemistry as it involves concepts such as asymmetric centers, ster(...TRUNCATED) | true | [{"from":"human","value":"The product has two asymmetric centers. Because radical addition of HBr ca(...TRUNCATED) |
null | "Let \\(x = \\sqrt{2} - 1\\). Simplify the expression\n\\[\\frac{x^{1 - \\sqrt{3}}}{(x + 2)^{1 + \\s(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | ai2-adapt-dev/openmath-2-math | null | 1,403 | 49,062 | "<think> Okay, so I have this problem here: Let \\(x = \\sqrt{2} - 1\\). I need to simplify the expr(...TRUNCATED) | math | [{"content":"Let \\(x = \\sqrt{2} - 1\\). Simplify the expression\n\\[\\frac{x^{1 - \\sqrt{3}}}{(x +(...TRUNCATED) | "Let \\(x = \\sqrt{2} - 1\\). Simplify the expression\n\\[\\frac{x^{1 - \\sqrt{3}}}{(x + 2)^{1 + \\s(...TRUNCATED) | "Given:\n\\[\nx = \\sqrt{2} - 1,\n\\]\nand we want to simplify\n\\[\n\\frac{x^{1 - \\sqrt{3}}}{(x + (...TRUNCATED) | 10,695 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | [{"from":"human","value":"Let \\(x = \\sqrt{2} - 1\\). Simplify the expression\n\\[\\frac{x^{1 - \\s(...TRUNCATED) |
4365a1d6a43952c26c9c2cabe1ef3c9f | "The clique problem is one of the most well-known NP-complete problems. Under some simplification it(...TRUNCATED) | "<think>\nOkay, so I need to find the maximum clique in this graph. But wait, the graph is defined i(...TRUNCATED) | codeforces | cc-by-4.0 | code_contests | train | 9 | "n = int(input())\nintervals = []\nfor _ in range(n):\n x, w = map(int, input().split())\n sta(...TRUNCATED) | null | nvidia/OpenCodeReasoning | "The clique problem is a well-known NP-complete problem and finding the maximum clique size in a gen(...TRUNCATED) | 87 | 114 | "<think> Okay, so I need to solve this clique problem for a graph that's built from points on a line(...TRUNCATED) | code | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | [{"from":"human","value":"The clique problem is one of the most well-known NP-complete problems. Und(...TRUNCATED) |
null | "In quadrilateral $ABCD$, $\\angle B$ and $\\angle D$ are both right angles, $AB=15$, and $CD=20$. T(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | ai2-adapt-dev/openmath-2-math | null | 1,087 | 29,490 | "<think> Alright, let's tackle this geometry problem. It's about a quadrilateral ABCD with right ang(...TRUNCATED) | math | [{"content":"In quadrilateral $ABCD$, $\\angle B$ and $\\angle D$ are both right angles, $AB=15$, an(...TRUNCATED) | "In quadrilateral $ABCD$, $\\angle B$ and $\\angle D$ are both right angles, $AB=15$, and $CD=20$. T(...TRUNCATED) | "**Given:**\n- Quadrilateral \\(ABCD\\) with \\(\\angle B = \\angle D = 90^\\circ\\).\n- \\(AB = 15\(...TRUNCATED) | 11,531 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | [{"from":"human","value":"In quadrilateral $ABCD$, $\\angle B$ and $\\angle D$ are both right angles(...TRUNCATED) |
null | "The deli has four kinds of bread, six kinds of meat, and five kinds of cheese. A sandwich consists (...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | ai2-adapt-dev/openmath-2-math | null | 1,066 | 52,822 | "<think> Okay, let's tackle this problem step by step. The first problem is about Al ordering a sand(...TRUNCATED) | math | [{"content":"The deli has four kinds of bread, six kinds of meat, and five kinds of cheese. A sandwi(...TRUNCATED) | "The deli has four kinds of bread, six kinds of meat, and five kinds of cheese. A sandwich consists (...TRUNCATED) | "Let's first recap and solve the initial deli problem to ensure clarity and then address the booksto(...TRUNCATED) | 10,580 | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | [{"from":"human","value":"The deli has four kinds of bread, six kinds of meat, and five kinds of che(...TRUNCATED) |
null | "Show that the slope of a constant-pressure line on a T-υ diagram of an ideal gas increases with te(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | organic-chemistry-questions | null | 250 | 1,100 | "<think> Okay, so I need to show that the slope of a constant-pressure line on a T-v (temperature vs(...TRUNCATED) | science | null | null | "Let's analyze the slope of a constant-pressure line on a \\( T - v \\) diagram for an ideal gas, wh(...TRUNCATED) | 1,661 | Engineering Thermodynamics | "\n\nTo determine the slope of a constant-pressure line on a T-v diagram for an ideal gas, start wit(...TRUNCATED) | "Okay, so I need to show that the slope of a constant-pressure line on a T-v diagram for an ideal ga(...TRUNCATED) | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | "The question specifically involves concepts related to thermodynamics and the behavior of ideal gas(...TRUNCATED) | true | [{"from":"human","value":"Show that the slope of a constant-pressure line on a T-υ diagram of an id(...TRUNCATED) |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
- Downloads last month
- 6