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Why do H₂ and O₂ create H₂O? |
Yep, it has to do with the orbitals.
$\ce{CO2}$ is linear, so even though the $\ce{C-O}$ bonds have individual dipole moments, the overall dipole moment is zero as these cancel out (they point in opposite directions, as shown in the diagram below).
On the other hand, $\ce{H2O}$ is "bent", which means that the ind... |
Are you familiar with [activation energy][1]? Consider a hole at the top of a large hill. If a ball or some water was in that hole it would seek the lowest point it could find. Clearly, the bottom of the hill would be preferable to the bottom of the hole at the top of the hill, however, in order to get there it must... |
Why is H₂O a dipole? |
I wish to grow algae in a 40% $ \small \ce{CO2}$ (water under air with 40% $\small\ce{CO2}$ content) aqueous environment.
What devices are traditionally used for such a purpose?
|
Maintaining a 40% CO₂ aqueous environment? |
> is it possible to deduce the properties of a compound such as water H2O without resorting to chemical experiments?
**Not yet, assuming you mean extrapolating such information from the molecule's structure**
Physical and chemical properties are hard enough to extrapolate from a compound's structure, let along ... |
Adding on to DaleSwanson's correct answer: The ball-and-hill analogy is just saying that a ball will roll down a hill. This is because if the path is available it will find a way to the bottom of the hill due to there being less potential energy in the ball down at the bottom than up at the peak. Think of the activatio... |
Adding on to DaleSwanson's correct answer: The ball-and-hill analogy is just saying that a ball will roll down a hill. This is because if the path is available it will find a way to the bottom of the hill due to there being less potential energy in the ball down at the bottom than up at the peak. Think of the activatio... |
Are there ways to compute what chemicals kill a give bacteria but not another given bacteria ?
Does that help much to make medication ? |
Now in the first row of the iCe-table, $[\ce{H3O+}]$ is said to be 0. But water autoionizes to some extent, so it shouldn't *really* be 0. I accept that, because the pH of this solution is 2.5, the autoionization effect is negligible but are there instances where this ... |
How useful is the assumption that water doesn't auto-ionize in the following? |
I received the following question:
"Complete the missing values for the four quantum numbers:
$n=?$, $\ell = 2 , m_\ell = 0$ , $m_s= ? $ .
The problem is that I think $n$ can be any numbers greater then 2, and $m_s$ can be $\frac{1}{2} $ or $-\frac{1}{2}$, so there is no unique solution to this problem...
What ... |
As far as I know, when writing Lewis structures for molecules, we need to consider the octet rule and the valence electrones each atom has.
But, if we take for example the molecule $ Cl O_2^- $ , we have the following Lewis structure: (as it appears here- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1klCSe62-I&feature=channel&l... |
I need to find the Lewis structure of the Ion $ SCH- $ .
I think the Lewis structure should be:
S = C - H
with two electrones surrounding the Carbon, and 4 electrones surrounding the Sulfur.
Is this correct?
Thanks in advance ! |
This model seems reasonable, as you can see from the formal charges carbon has the -1 value while the rest are 0. One thing that you have forgot is to add brackets around the structure to show that it is a ion, include its overall charge.
$[::S = :C - H]^-$
Although, I suppose a structure of $[:C \equiv S:-H]^-$ ... |
A little research and perhaps a small experiment might help you figure something like this out on your own. First, have you tried [wikipedia][1]? A small mention of research can go a long way. Describing what product you are interested in never hurts either. Is the [polyacrylic acid][2], a [dispersant][3] in this subst... |
It may be easier if you keep looking at the orbitals associated with these quantum numbers. When we say $n = 1$ we know we are talking about the 1s orbital. This is because there is no 1p orbital or 1d orbital etc. This is defined by the rule that $\ell$ goes from 0 to $n-1$. Know that $\ell$ is the **letter** associat... |
You haven't gotten anything wrong, you are entirely correct!
It may be easier if you keep looking at the orbitals associated with these quantum numbers. When we say $n = 1$ we know we are talking about the 1s orbital. This is because there is no 1p orbital or 1d orbital etc. This is defined by the rule that $\ell$ g... |
You haven't gotten anything wrong, you are entirely correct!
A set of quantum numbers can be used to identify the specific electron in the sub-atomic world of an atom, and what path it occupies in three dimension.
$\ell = 2$ refers to the $d$ orbital. Now how many electrons can a d orbital contain? It has 5 "slot... |
I need to find the Lewis structure of the ion ${SCH^-}$.
I think the Lewis structure should be:
$S = C - H$
with two electrons surrounding the carbon and 4 electrons surrounding the sulfur.
Is this correct?
|
I received the following question:
>Complete the missing values for the four quantum numbers:
$n=?$, $\ell = 2 , m_\ell = 0$ , $m_s= ? $ .
The problem is that I think $n$ can be any number greater then 2, and $m_s$ can be $\frac{1}{2} $ or $-\frac{1}{2}$, so there seems to be no unique solution to this problem.
... |
Does this set of quantum numbers have a unique solution? |
I'm reading an article about carbon sequestration, and I came across a strange phrase: "The flue gas is dilute in CO2". I can't quite ascertain its meaning from the context. I think it means that the CO2 is in low concentration in the flue gas, but I'm no chemistry expert. Does this have a technical meaning in chem... |
What does it mean when "a gas is dilute in CO2"? |
I'm reading an <a href="https://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/carbon_seq/refshelf/project%20portfolio/2009/Overview/Selected%20CS%20Program%20Papers/2008%20Jan%20Advances%20in%20CO2%20Capture%20IJGGC.pdf">article</a> about carbon sequestration, and I came across a strange phrase: "The flue gas is dilute in CO2". I ca... |
How do amines react with flue gases to absorb CO2? |
I'm trying to understand pre-combusiton carbon capture processes as described in <a href="http://training.swpartnership.org/CCSclass/CCS_Module_files/co2_capture_sept_2012.pdf">this</a> presentation. I'm told that solvents such as chilled methanol (CH4O) and dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol (C2nH4n+2On+1) can di... |
I'm reading an <a href="https://www.netl.doe.gov/technologies/carbon_seq/refshelf/project%20portfolio/2009/Overview/Selected%20CS%20Program%20Papers/2008%20Jan%20Advances%20in%20CO2%20Capture%20IJGGC.pdf">article</a> about carbon sequestration, and I came across a strange phrase: "The flue gas is dilute in $\small\ce{... |
What does it mean when "a gas is dilute in CO₂"? |
How do amines react with flue gases to absorb CO₂? |
I'm trying to understand pre-combusiton carbon capture processes as described in <a href="http://training.swpartnership.org/CCSclass/CCS_Module_files/co2_capture_sept_2012.pdf">this</a> presentation.
I'm told that solvents such as chilled methanol ($\small\ce{CH4O}$) and dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol ($\s... |
I need to calculate that angles CCC, CCH, HCH in the following molecules:
$H_2 CCH_2 $ , $H_2 CCCH_2 $ , $ H_2 CCCCH_2 $ .
If I'm not mistaken, the Lewis structures of all of these molecules is with the carbons in the middle, connected by double bonds to each other, and the hydrogen atoms connected to the carbons ... |
What are the bond angles in a normal trigonal planar arrangement? Treat the center atom as in H **C** H as a trigonal planar arrangement with the middle (carbon) atom in the center with a third atom attached on the left over position (another carbon). What angle maximizes their separation?
Your other question about ... |
I need to calculate that angles CCC, CCH, HCH in the following molecules:
$H_2 CCH_2 $ , $H_2 CCCH_2 $ , $ H_2 CCCCH_2 $ .
If I'm not mistaken, the Lewis structures of all of these molecules is with the carbons in the middle, connected by double bonds to each other, and the hydrogen atoms connected to the carbons ... |
I need to calculate the angles between CCC, CCH, HCH in the following molecules:
$H_2 CCH_2 $ , $H_2 CCCH_2 $ , $ H_2 CCCCH_2 $ .
If I'm not mistaken, the Lewis structures of all of these molecules have the carbons in the middle, connected by double bonds to each other, and the hydrogen atoms connected to the carb... |
As far as I know, when writing Lewis structures for molecules, we need to consider the octet rule and the valence electrons each atom has.
But, if we take for example, the molecule $ Cl O_2^- $ , we have the following Lewis structure: (as it appears [here](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1klCSe62-I&feature=channel&... |
I am planning to install something on a boat that will be in salt water, and my question is, will the nickel plated brass fastener not corrode if I connect it to stainless steel?
I looked it up on the chart and it says that there should be less then `0.15 V` difference in the "Anodic Index" for harsh environments a... |
Reading up on the theory of cyclic voltammetry, I note that the current at the inversion potential (that is, the point at which the applied potential goes negative) in every CV trace I have seen is nonzero. My intuition says that this is related to the finite speed of enlargement of the depletion zone around the workin... |
Will the current at the inversion potential of a CV trace asymptotically approach zero? |
Atoms that has eight electrons in their outer shell are extremely stable. It can't be because both the s and the p orbitals are full, because then an atom with 13 or 18 would be extremely stable. (d has 10, 5 is also stable).
Why is it that atoms with eight electrons in the outer shell are extremely stable? |
Why is it that atoms with eight electrons in the outer shell are extremely stable? |
Nitric acid obtained in laboratory is slightly yellow due to the dissolution of Nitrogen dioxide which is produced due to thermal decomposition of a portion of HNO3.
`4HNO3 --> 2H2O + 4NO2 + O2`
Its says here that if CO2 is bubbled through the acid, it turns colourless- because it drives out NO2 from warm ac... |
How is the yellow colour of Nitric acid removed? |
Atoms that have eight electrons in their outer shell are extremely stable. It can't be because both the $s$ and the $p$ orbitals are full, because then an atom with 13 or 18 would be extremely stable. ($d$ has 10, and 5 is also stable).
Why is it that atoms with eight electrons in the outer shell are extremely stabl... |
Why are atoms with eight electrons in the outer shell extremely stable? |
Nitric acid obtained in laboratory is slightly yellow due to the dissolution of nitrogen dioxide which is produced due to thermal decomposition of a portion of $ \small\ce{HNO3}$.
$$ \ce {4HNO3 -> 2H2O + 4NO2 + O2}$$
Its says here that if $\small \ce{CO2}$ is bubbled through the acid, it turns colourless- b... |
How is the yellow colour of nitric acid removed? |
Reading up on the theory of cyclic voltammetry, I note that the current at the inversion potential (that is, the point at which the applied potential goes negative) in every reversible CV trace I have seen is nonzero. My intuition says that this is related to the finite speed of enlargement of the depletion zone around... |
Going through the Bohr's model and his assumptions, I came across this formula to find the energy of the n-th level of any atom: ![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/nd79g.png
Now, let's say we take as an example the atom of hydrogen, the energy of the 1 and only level is (-13.6 e... |
Going through the Bohr's model and his assumptions, I came across with this formula to find the energy of the n-th level of any atom: ![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/nd79g.png
Now, let's say we take as an example the atom of hydrogen, the energy of the 1 and only level is (-1... |
Going through the Bohr's model and his assumptions, I came across with this formula to find the energy of the n-th level of any atom: ![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/nd79g.png
Now, let's say we take as an example the atom of hydrogen, the energy of the 1 and only level is (-1... |
So many atoms can be surrounded by oxygen atoms to make anions - chromate, phosphate, etc. In particular there's Tellurate TeO4(2-), Selenate SeO4(2-) and Sulfate SO4(2-) - why not go one step more and have "Oxygate" OO4(2-) ?
I would guess that such a thing, if it could be created at all, would break up into an m... |
Why not "Oxygate" OO4(2-)? |
I wish to grow algae in a 40% $ \small \ce{CO2}$ (water under air with 40% $\small\ce{CO2}$ content) aqueous environment.
Simple DIY methods are available, but they are generally unreliable ([For more info on DIY read here][1]) because they rely on a [pH/KH chart][2].
Atmospheric CO2 levels are measured based on... |
At high temperatures (almost) everything burn to ash. Is ash 'fireproof'?
Is further combustion of ash possible - say, by combining with hydrogen, oxygen, etc. |
Is ash fireproof? |
At high temperatures (almost) everything burns to ash. Is ash 'fireproof'?
Is further combustion of ash possible for example by combining with hydrogen/oxygen/etc? |
Why is it referred to as "carbonation" and we drink "carbonated" beverages when carbonate is $\small \ce{CO3}$ while $\small \ce{CO2}$ (carbonite?) is present in carbonation? |
The question was posed as follows:
>Fertilizers supply the essential elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for plant growth. A bag of fertilizer contains 500g of ammonium sulfate, $ \small \ce{(NH4)2 SO4}$, and 500g of potassium nitrate, $\small \ce{KNO3}$. Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in the b... |
I've been struggling with this problem that I can't seem to figure out. I think I know how to solve it but I think there's missing information.
>The combustion of 1 mole of glucose $\small\ce{C6H12O6}$ releases $2.82*10^3$ KJ of heat. If 1.25 g of glucose are burnt in a calorimeter containing 0.95 kg of water and... |
I was wondering what the product will be in the following reaction:
$\ce{H3COOCH3 ->[\ce{H+}]} ?$
I was thinking about $\ce{CH3COOH}$ being a product but I do not know the mechanism. |
Hot tub shock is potassium monopersulfate. It is said to oxidize organic debris in the water. What is the reaction? |
How does hot tub "shock" work? |
All metals form basic oxides.metallic oxides are basic in character.polonium is a metal it should form basic oxides but it form acidic oxides.why its oxides are acidic in character? |
why polonium form acidic oxides? |
All metals form basic oxides. Metallic oxides are basic in character. Polonium is a metal, it should form basic oxides but it forms acidic oxides. Why its oxides are acidic in character? |
Why does polonium form acidic oxides? |
Is there a way to extract caffeine from coffee completely? |
Can caffeine separated from coffee? |
Can caffeine be separated from coffee? |
All metals form basic oxides. Metallic oxides are basic in character.
Polonium is a metal, so it should form basic oxides but it forms acidic oxides. Why are its oxides acidic in character? |
I don't know how to obtain the "exact charge of the ions" that will be formed by each atom mentioned. I also have to figure out whether they are positive or negative.
Hydrogen, for example, can form the ion:
$\ce{H -> H^+ + 1e^-}$
Now if I were to try to get the exact charge for say, boron using only the perio... |
In one of my chem classes I had to do a lab that involved finding the mass and volume of a substance. I did three trials and for my mass I got 9.3g, 9.3g, and 9.4 g. For my volume, I got 9.7ml, 9.9ml, and 9.9 ml.
I am being asked to find the inherent instrument error calculation.
For volume, I used a graduate ... |
As I am looking at titration curves, a few things stand out. For now, I have a two part question:
1. When titrating an acid with a base, for instance, the pH rises more or less abruptly around the equivalence point. Does this have to do with the logarithmic nature of pH? In other words, is this caused by the fact th... |
How do I balance this combustion reaction? |
Hot tub shock is potassium peroxymonosulfate. When added to a hot tub, it creates bubbles. It is said to oxidize organic debris in the water. What is the reaction? |
I created the L-Phenylalanine based Evans auxiliary bearing a benzyl group with help of a molecular model set and got into some questions. The structural formula will do:
https://dl.dropbox.com/u/153353/bn-evans.png
As I suppose a low rotational barrier, the phenyl group can be aligned off (a) and towards (b) the... |
The Evans auxiliary: rotational freedom of the benzyl group - stereoselectivity still guaranteed? |
I created the L-Phenylalanine based Evans auxiliary bearing a benzyl group with help of a molecular model set and got into some questions. The structural formula will do:
![formula][1]
As I suppose a low rotational barrier, the phenyl group can be aligned off (a) and towards (b) the alpha position of the *N*-prop... |
The title states it all. Specifically, if I wanted to purchase a large amounts of helium, what are my options for purchasing helium in a state that is suitable for long term storage?
It's my understanding that if I were to buy helium in bulk it would we shipped cold, as a liquid. Keeping Helium in liquid form for ... |
Can I purchase mass amounts of helium for long term storage? |
Specifically, if I wanted to purchase a large amounts of helium, what are my options for purchasing helium in a state that is suitable for long term storage?
It's my understanding that if I were to buy helium in bulk it would be shipped cold, as a liquid. Keeping helium in liquid form for 10-20+ years would involve... |
Options for long term storage of helium? |
**What is the boiling point of vodka?**
I have found the boiling point of ethanol, ~173F.
However, i am unable to find the boiling point of vodka. I found some information on it, but i do not trust the source. Was just wondering if anyone knew the answer.
Just a curiosity.
Thanks in advance! |
The boiling point of vodka? |
**What is the boiling point of vodka?**
I have found the boiling point of ethanol, ~173 (degrees) F.
However, i am unable to find the boiling point of vodka. I found some information on it, but i do not trust the source. Was just wondering if anyone knew the answer.
Just a curiosity.
Thanks in advance! |
What is the shape of the $C_2H_2$ molecule?
The fact that is has a triple covalent bond between the 2 carbon atoms and 2 other bonding pairs between the hydrogen and carbon atoms leads me to believe that it could be a planar triangular shape.
However, I'm not sure if the triple bond counts as a single electron b... |
What is the shape of the $C_2H_2$ molecule?
The fact that is has a triple covalent bond between the 2 carbon atoms and 2 other bonding pairs between the hydrogen and carbon atoms leads me to believe that it could be linear shape.
However, I'm not sure if the triple bond counts as a single electron bonding pair o... |
What is the boiling point of vodka?
I have found the boiling point of ethanol, ~173 (degrees) F.
However, I am unable to find the boiling point of vodka. I found some information on it, but I do not trust the source. |
What is the shape of the $C_2H_2$ molecule?
The fact that is has a triple covalent bond between the 2 carbon atoms and 2 other bonding pairs between the hydrogen and carbon atoms leads me to believe that it could be linear shape.
However, I'm not sure if the triple bond counts as a single electron bonding pair o... |
This answer from a member of Chemical Forums who seems to have been quite useful to other posters in the past given his or her "karma" would appear to confirm that the shape of titration curves owes in part to their logarithmic nature:
http://www.chemicalforums.com/index.php?topic=6140.0 |
Why is it that oxidizers (specifically $\small\ce{KClO3}$) are at risk of causing a fire when they come into contact with the rubber stopper used to contain them in their container, but can be slowly heated if they do not contact the rubber stopper?
Essentially, why is it that oxidizers are incompatible with rubber? |
I am trying to determine the electron dot structure of of an alkyne like $\small\ce{C2H2}$
I know that hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon triple bond are called alkynes, and their general formula is $\small\ce{C_{n}H_{2n-2}}$ ,where n = number of carbon atoms
So what will the electron dot structure of ... |
If you want to know the temperature at atmospheric pressure below which an element is a solid, just look up the melting point of that element.
As for evaporation of solids, ALL materials evaporate. That is, all materials exhibit a positive non-zero vapor pressure. That vapor pressure will vary with temperature. ... |
Is there chemical reactions that cool?
I wish to mix 2 reagents at room temperature and pressure and in open air then they should react and become colder then room temperature without evaporation of some part. |
I have a question
If I have a formula containing 4 Hydroen atoms and 1 Carbon
How is it written?
CH^4
or
H^4C
and how do i know the order to put elements in, in a chemical formula?
|
Order of elements in a formula? |
Is there a way to calculate how fast water will cool if you know the waters starting temp and the environment temperature that you put it in... such as a freezer?
|
In crystallization,crystals are formed from liquids by cooling.
How crystals are formed from gas by cooling? |
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