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According to this equation for glycolysis, what is reduced and where do the electrons go? |
I already know the way to determine whether if the given reaction is exothermic or endothermic by the enthalpy values. But is it possible without enthalpy values, and just by looking at the reaction?
So as far as I know there are two types of chemical reactions, namely one way reactions and reversible reactions.
... |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve so many grams of a material into a known volume, we must be able to calculate its concentration. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We use such s... |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve so many grams of a material into a known volume, we must be able to calculate its concentration. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We use such s... |
Learning about Oxides. Basically when oxygen is combined with a metal.
$$FeO$$
This is called "Iron Oxide (II)" according to my book.
Apparently, the II represents the valence. But how come? Look:
$Fe$ has the configuration $1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^6\color{red}{4s^2}3d^6$. Since the outermost shell has $2$ elect... |
Learning about Oxides. Basically when oxygen is combined with a metal.
$$\ce{FeO}$$
This is called "Iron Oxide (II)" according to my book.
Apparently, the II represents the valence. But how come? Look:
$\ce{Fe}$ has the configuration $1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^6\color{red}{4s^2}3d^6$. Since the outermost shell has... |
I've made magnetite Fe3O4 in the lab and now I need to calculate yield percentage. How can I do it? I have these data.
FeSo4.7H2O(ac) -------> Fe+2(ac) + SO4-2(ac) + 7H2O(l)
KOH(ac) ------> K+(ac) + OH-(ac)
KNO3(ac) -------> K+(ac) + NO3- (ac)
Fe+2(ac) + 2OH-(ac) -----> Fe(OH)2(s)
3Fe(OH)2 (s) + NO3- (ac)... |
Are (cyclic) $\ce{C}$-chain molecules as in the picture likely to occur or do they exist at all?
![C-chain][1] and so on...
**EDIT:**
I'm considering only double bonds between $\ce{C}$ atoms. This rules out most common allotropes.
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/jBzPt.png |
According to this [thesis][1], the polymerization is determined by thermal initiator that is used in PMMA mixture. The polymerization (corsslinking) starts when the initator is added to the mixture, but it is really slow at low temperature. Higher temperature lowers hardening time (speeds up the crosslinking). Since th... |
In a [previous question][1], I learned that we can detect lead with sodium / potassium rhodizonate, giving a nice purple color when reacting with pure (elemental?) lead. That's neat, and I'm eager to try that!
But in the paint, lead is I believe primarily used in the form of salts: lead oxyde, lead carbonate, lead c... |
I have a program assignment here, and I was wondering if anyone can point me in the right direction as to where to start and how to approach problems like this.
> Write a program that determines the molecular weight of a chemical compound based on the number of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen atoms in the compound. You... |
I premise, I’m a physicist and I’m working on a transfer procedure for graphene via CVD, which involves the use of PMMA as a resist layer. Studying this polymer, I still haven’t found what is the cross-link temperature (or window of temperatures) for it. Can someone give me a hand? or just a good reference?
UPDATE
... |
I've made magnetite $\ce{Fe3O4}$ in the lab and now I need to calculate yield percentage. How can I do it? I have these data.
$\ce{FeSO4.7H2O(ac) -> Fe^{2+}(ac) + SO4^{2-}(ac) + 7H2O(l)}$
$\ce{KOH(ac) -> K+(ac) + OH- (ac) }$
$\ce{ KNO3(ac) -> K+(ac) + NO3- (ac) }$
$\ce{Fe+2(ac) + 2OH- (ac) -> Fe(OH)2(s... |
I've made magnetite $\ce{Fe3O4}$ in the lab and now I need to calculate yield percentage. How can I do it? I have these data.
\begin{align}
\ce{FeSO4.7H2O(ac) &-> Fe^{2+}(ac) + SO4^{2-}(ac) + 7H2O(l)}\\
\ce{KOH(ac) &-> K+(ac) + OH- (ac) }\\
\ce{ KNO3(ac) &-> K+(ac) + NO3- (ac) }\\
\ce{Fe+2(ac) + 2OH- (ac) &-> ... |
That's a long page, so you can optionally jump to the "Thunderstorm it" part, but a bit of context is always neat :)
Context
===
Say I'm cooking an egg in vinegar. The egg shell is made of calcium carbonate:
CaCO3 + CH3COOH -> H2O + CO2 + Ca(CH3COO)2
After eating the egg, is left in the cookware: a bit... |
That's a long page, so you can optionally jump to the "Thunderstorm it" part, but a bit of context is always neat :)
Context
===
Say I'm cooking an egg in vinegar. The egg shell is made of calcium carbonate:
CaCO3 + CH3COOH -> H2O + CO2 + Ca(CH3COO)2
After eating the egg, is left in the cookware: a bit... |
That's a long page, so you can optionally jump to the "Thunderstorm it" part, but a bit of context is always neat :)
Context
===
Say I'm cooking an egg in vinegar. The egg shell is made of calcium carbonate:
$$\ce{CaCO3 + CH3COOH -> H2O + CO2 + Ca(CH3COO)2}$$
After eating the egg, is left in the cookware: ... |
I already know the way to determine whether if the given reaction is exothermic or endothermic by the enthalpy values. But is it possible without enthalpy values, and just by looking at the reaction?
So as far as I know there are two types of chemical reactions, namely one way reactions and reversible reactions.
... |
How can we say that if a charged nucleophile/base is present we can safely rule out the possibility that the reaction can take place via SN1/E1 mechanism? I have been trying to figure this out since hours. Help would be appreciated. Thank you. [Source][1]
[1]: http://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/2012/11/30/dec... |
I know that some chemical substances are used as explosives. Amongst the most famous nitroglycerin in [dynamite][1] and cyclonite in [C-4][2]. Which chemical properties (I suspect that physical properties have less of an effect) make a substance a good explosive? If we know, for example, the formula and its geometry, i... |
Which chemical properties make a substance explosive? |
What I remember from studying C-P 'diagonal relationships' (for multiple bonds e.g. carbene vs phosphinidene, alkyne vs phosphaalkyne) is that similar electronegativity also played a role, also by affecting the valence orbitals.
However, perhaps it is better viewed from a different vantage point:
the main group ele... |
When suggesting nitration of an aromatic compound in the synthesis of some organic molecule, it was raised that this route should be avoided as to prevent things from going "ka boom."
An explanation was not forthcoming.
So, why do nitro groups tend to make organic molecules explosive? Is it because the $\ce{NO2}... |
What is the mechanisms of this reaction? How feasible is this reaction? Can it happen under relatively mild conditions if it is intermolecular?
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/GhoTc.gif |
Would 2,5-dinitropyrrole be a product of nitration of pyrrole with $\ce{H2SO4/HNO3}$ ? It seems from [this paper][1] that it is not formed using acetic anhydride/nitric acid. Is this just because of the mild conditions used or does this reflect the pyrrole ring being more deactivated by nitro-substitution than a benzen... |
I am working on a chemistry assignment and can’t figure out part of the problem.
0.2 moles of a compound with a molecular weight of 82 contain 9.6 g of carbon, 1.2 g of hydrogen and the rest is nitrogen.
The question is asking for the empirical and molecular formula which I can solve, but how do you determine the... |
Electropolished stainless steel has a high corrosion resistance due to the oxide film that is crated during electropolishing. The film mainly consist of chromium(III) oxide.
Phosphoric acid is used as a rust removal:
$\ce{2 H3PO4 + Fe2O3 -> 2 FePO4 + 3 H2O}$
My question is: will 5% $\ce{H3PO4}$ solution remo... |
Does phosphoric acid remove stainless steel electropolished layer? |
Electropolished stainless steel has a high corrosion resistance due to the oxide film that is created during electropolishing. The film mainly consist of chromium(III) oxide.
Phosphoric acid is used as a rust removing agent:
$\ce{2 H3PO4 + Fe2O3 -> 2 FePO4 + 3 H2O}$
My question is: will 5% $\ce{H3PO4}$ solut... |
Suppose we had the following reaction:
$$\ce{Polymer ("n" units)_{(aq)} -> Polymer("a" units)_{(aq)} + Polymer("n-a" units)_{(aq)}}$$
Without knowing the specific monomer unit of the polymer, and assuming the polymer is straight chain, is there anyway to determine the ΔS of the reaction? I mean, I know we can det... |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve so many grams of a material into a known volume, we must be able to calculate its concentration. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We use such s... |
Suppose we had the following reaction:
$$\ce{Polymer ($n$~units)_{(aq)} -> Polymer($a$~units)_{(aq)} + Polymer($n-a$~ units)_{(aq)}}$$
Without knowing the specific monomer unit of the polymer, and assuming the polymer is straight chain, is there anyway to determine the ΔS of the reaction? I mean, I know we can de... |
I'm looking at a problem where sodium methanethiolate and sodium methoxide, both in equal amounts, are being reacted with CHI and the solvent is ethanol.
I understand that sodium methanethiolate is a better nucleophile than sodium methoxide when the two are reacted in equal amounts with something like methyl iodide ... |
I'm looking at a problem where sodium methanethiolate and sodium methoxide, both in equal amounts, are being reacted with $\ce{CH3I}$ and the solvent is ethanol.
I understand that sodium methanethiolate is a better nucleophile than sodium methoxide when the two are reacted in equal amounts with something like methyl... |
In a nucleophilic substitution reaction, does the other atom to which the nucleophile is bonded matter? |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve so many grams of a material into a known volume, we must be able to calculate its concentration. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We use such s... |
I have often wondered about diagonal relationships between elements on the periodic table, and the most often cited explanations revolve around charge-density considerations.
But other than that, what other factors could possibly contribute to this phenomenon?
**EDIT:** What I mean by "diagonal relationships" is ... |
I'm looking at a problem where sodium methanethiolate and sodium methoxide, both in equal amounts, are being reacted with $\ce{CH3I}$ and the solvent is ethanol.
I understand that sodium methanethiolate is a better nucleophile than sodium methoxide when the two are reacted in equal amounts with something like methyl... |
I understand that the structure factor for a crystal is given by:
$$F_{hkl} = \sum_r f_{r} e^{2{\pi}i(hx_{r}+ky_{r}+lz_{r})} $$
My textbook (''Structures of crystals'', Glazier) suggests that you can calculate structure factors if you know the lattice type and motif of the crystal, simply by finding the product o... |
**Problem:**
Calculate the reaction-enthalpy for the synthesis of 40 g hydrazine (rocketfuel): $$\ce{4 NH_3 (g) + Cl_2 (g) -> N_2 H_4 (l) + 2 NH_4 Cl (s)}$$
**Attempt at solution:**
First we have to account for the decomposition of four moles of ammonia into its elements.
Since $\Delta H_f^o(\ce{NH_3})$ ... |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve so many grams of a material into a known volume, we must be able to calculate its concentration. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We use such s... |
Consider this reaction:
$$\ce{CaCO3(s) <=> CaO(s) + CO2(g)}$$
for this, $K_c=\left[\ce{CO2(g)}\right]$
For a given temperature, $K_c$ will remain fixed. That means, the amount of $\ce{CO2}$ released will be same, irrespective of amount of $\ce{CaCO3}$ taken.
But, that means, at the same temperature,... |
The hydrogen in $\ce{C4}$, $\ce{C6}$, $\ce{C10}$ and $\ce{C8}$ belong to same hydrogen environment.
The hydrogen in $\ce{C3}$, $\ce{C1}$, $\ce{C11}$ and $\ce{C13}$ belong to the another hydrogen environment.
Hydrogen in $\ce{C12}$ and $\ce{C2}$ belong to the once again, another hydrogen environment.
$\ce{C3}... |
In a [previous question][1], I learned that we can detect lead with sodium / potassium rhodizonate, giving a nice purple color when reacting with pure (elemental?) lead.
But in the paint, lead is primarily used in the form of salts such as lead oxide, lead carbonate, lead chromate...
What if the lead in my paint... |
I have a container with 3% hydrogen and the rest is air. How fast the hydrogen will get oxidized by air?
How much the reaction will speed up with increased temperature? |
If there are two electrons located in a shell (which contains two subshells) the molecule can either have a singlet state (if both electron are in the same subshell; because of the Pauli principle) or a triplett (if the two electrons are in the two different subshells).
The sign + or - means symmetric or antisymmetr... |
The Lewis structure of nitric acid is:
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/zsRdd.png
So, since Pauling's rule is $\mathrm{p}K_\mathrm{a}=8-5p$, where $p$ is the number of oxo groups, how is the rule applied in this instance? $p=1.5$? $p=2$? |
When oxygen is adsorbed on iron metallic surface, does it create $\ce{Fe-O}$ bonds like the one in iron oxide? Can it be considered as a monolayer of iron oxide on the surface?
If not, how is the atomic bond of adsorbed oxygen and iron? How much is it strong? and what is its difference with normal chemical bond in i... |
Answering this question requires assuming that all steps are "elementary", e.g. that $\ce{A + B -> C}$ is an irreversible bimolecular reaction that is first-order in $[\cf{A}]$ and first-order in $[\cf{B}]$. (Obviously we are also assuming that activities can approximated by concentrations.)
With that assumption, t... |
For a research project, I am trying to synthesize lead (II) sulfide quantum dots using the method of [Li *et al.*](http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2010/CE/b917833c#!divAbstract). I am injecting sulfur dissolved in 1-octadecene into a mixture of $\ce{PbO}$, oleic acid, oleylamine, and 1-octadecene at $210... |
EDIT: It is clear now that NickT was looking for an experimental solution. My post deals with a computational solution. We can delete my response if need be until a more relevant question arises.
> How would I quantify how significant the interaction is?
Determining the interaction energy between two defined ... |
To make $\ce{NaOH}$ one could electrolyze a solution of $\ce{NaCl}$ in water ($\ce{H2O}$) It would go like this:
$\ce{2H2O(l) + 2Cl- (aq) + 2Na+(aq) -> H2(g) + Cl2(g) + Na+(aq) + 2OH- (aq)}$
After calculating a bit, I found that even just a few minutes of electrolyzing this at $10\ \mathrm{A}$ could be deadly.
... |
I'm trying to simulate effects of carbonic anhydrase on cellular pH as caused by changes in bicarbonate. I assume a bicarbonate homeostatic mechanisms which replenishes intracellular concentrations from
$$\ce{CO2 + H2O <=> H+ + HCO3- }$$
One paper I’ve found states the assumptions and rates, but doesn’t paramete... |
Do terminal amides participate in π stacking? |
I'm trying to measure capacitance of a cell I'm creating. It's composed of two copper-sheets with nano-material coated on one side, sandwiched with a membrane and wetted with $\ce{KOH}$. All of the three electrode setups I've found on the internet are for solution based voltamettry, but this cell is not in a solution. ... |
Suppose we had the following reaction:
$$\ce{Polymer ($n$~units)_{(aq)} -> Polymer($a$~units)_{(aq)} + Polymer($n-a$~ units)_{(aq)}}$$
Without knowing the specific monomer unit of the polymer, and assuming the polymer is straight chain, is there anyway to determine the ΔS of the reaction? I mean, I know we can de... |
How do I setup the electrodes for cyclic voltammetry on a capacitor made on dry copper sheets? |
Suppose two compounds with, say, $\mathrm{p}K_{\mathrm{a}1}=2.8$ and $\mathrm{p}K_{\mathrm{a}2}=3.2$, and formulae $\ce{C_{$a$}H_{$b$}O_{$c$}}=\ce{C_{$p$}O_{$q$}(OH)_{$r$}}$ and $\ce{C_{$d$}H_{$e$}O_{$f$}}=\ce{C_{$u$}O_{$v$}(OH)_{$w$}}$, respectively, with given $abcdef$, $pqruvw$. Can we explain the above $\mathrm{p}K... |
pKa explanation through empirical formula? |
how exactly is the interaction between two chiral compounds so they can tell the different between S or R? |
resolution of enantomers? take chiral compounds apart |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve a known mass of a material into a known volume, we must be able to know its concentration with confidence. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We ... |
How exactly is the interaction between two chiral compounds so they can tell the different between S or R? |
Resolution of enantomers? How to determine chiral compounds apart from each other |
How exactly is the interaction between two chiral compounds so they can tell the difference between S or R? |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve a known mass of a material into a known volume, we must be able to know its concentration with confidence. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We ... |
Resolution of enantiomers? How to determine chiral compounds apart from each other? |
A primary standard is critical for an analytical result. If we dissolve a known mass of a material into a known volume, we must be able to know its concentration with confidence. Such a standard must be easily made very pure (> 99.95%), it should not decompose, and it must be fairly robust to say heating or vacuum. We ... |
So here's the problem:
![enter image description here][1]
I was wondering which OH group reacts and why? Also I have been trying to determine the structure of E based on which hydroxyl group reacts.
My thoughts are that OH in the side group can react via SN2 with the reactants....but the OH right adjacent to t... |
Determining the most reactive hydroxyl group? |
**Short answer: Not for "normal" compounds.**
First off, let's consider what the lattice enthalpy means. As you've written it, these lattice enthalpy is part of the [Born-Haber cycle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born–Haber_cycle) of formation of an ionic solid from a metal and halogen.
As you see from your tabl... |
$$\ce{FeO}$$
Is called "Iron Oxide (II)".
$$\ce{Fe_2O_3}$$
Is called "Iron Oxide (III)".
The number in the parenthesis is "Valence" of the substance. Frankly, I don't know how to calculate such number. Can you explain to me, with this example, how come $\ce{FeO}$ has valence $2$ and the other one has valenc... |
$$\ce{FeO}$$
Is called "Iron Oxide (II)".
$$\ce{Fe_2O_3}$$
Is called "Iron Oxide (III)".
The number in the parenthesis is "Valence" of the substance. Frankly, I don't know how to calculate such number. Can you explain to me, with this example, how come $\ce{FeO}$ has valence $2$ and the other one has valenc... |
$$\ce{FeO}$$
Is called "Iron(II) oxide ".
$$\ce{Fe_2O_3}$$
Is called "Iron(III) oxide ".
The number in the parenthesis is "Valence" of the substance. Frankly, I don't know how to calculate such number. Can you explain to me, with this example, how come $\ce{FeO}$ has valence $2$ and the other one has valenc... |
Valency is a concept that describes the power of an element to bind to other elements. There is an official definition in the [IUPAC goldbook][1]:
> **valence**
The maximum number of univalent atoms (originally hydrogen or chlorine atoms) that may combine with an atom of the element under consideration, or with a f... |
I know that Gaussian (or other quantum chemical packages) assumes the molecule is alone in vacuum, that is, the molecule doesn't interact with anything, when optimizing the molecule.
But I've found that optimization at HF or DFT levels results are almost the same as experimental data, which were from the solid stat... |
Are molecular optimizations in quantum chemistry really in vacuum? |
What is the mechanism by which phosphorus pentoxide (P4O10) and a carboxylic acid form an anhydride? I can't find it anywhere online. Does COOH attack twice (I'm assuming it's the nucleophile) because there ends up being two carbonyls in the product? What leaves?
|
What is the mechanism by which phosphorus pentoxide ($\ce{P4O10}$) and a carboxylic acid form an anhydride? I can't find it anywhere online. Does $\ce{COOH}$ attack twice (I'm assuming it's the nucleophile) because there ends up being two carbonyls in the product? What leaves?
|
Allylic and benzylic compounds undergo oxidation with Selenium dioxide to furnish either a allylic alcohol or a allylic carbonyl.But use of acetic acid as solvent stops the reaction at allylic alcohol stage due to formation of acetate esters.
One way to stop the further oxidation of allylic alcohols to give catbonyl... |
Could anyone please tell me where I could find the ice ic.cif file? I have been searching the cambridge structural database using "H2O", "water", "dihyrogen oxide" and "ice" as search key words, but cannot find anything! |
Could anyone please tell me where I could find the the structure of cubic ice (ice Ic) as a .cif file?
I have been searching the cambridge structural database using "H2O", "water", "dihyrogen oxide" and "ice" as search key words, but cannot find anything! |
In my lab courses, we were taught to use textbooks off the shelf as elevating props to adjust the heights of heating mantles to the right height during distillations, but I was wondering if there was a safer and better way to do so? I recently used a different type of heating mantle that was like a nest and charred the... |
> Why do compounds form bonds? I've got three words for you: Less potential energy. I don't remember a case of positive lattice enthalpies $\ldots$ - [My comment](http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/32980/about-combining-a-cation-and-an-anion?noredirect=1#comment49024_32980)
This makes me wonder. I remember... |
> What is the amount of nitrate ions in $20.0g$ of $\ce{Fe(NO_3)_3}$?
Alright. Nitrate ion is $\ce{NO_3}$, I think.
The molar mass of $\ce{Fe(NO_3)_3}$ is $242$ moles. Out of which $186$ belong to $\ce{NO_3}$. That means that around $76.85\%$ of the substance is Nitrate Ion.
Anyway, $20.0$ grams of the substan... |
What is the amount of nitrate ions in 20g of Fe(NO3)3? |
The molar mass of iron (III) nitrate is $m(\ce{Fe(NO3)3}\approx 242~\mathrm{g\, mol^{-1}}$. Pay close attention to the unit.
You correctly calculated the amount of substance of iron (III) nitrate to be $n(\ce{Fe(NO3)3}= 0.0826~\mathrm{mol}$
Now you should ask yourself the question: How many nitrate ions are in on... |
> What is the amount of nitrate ions in $20.0g$ of $\ce{Fe(NO_3)_3}$?
Alright. Nitrate ion is $\ce{NO_3}$, I think.
The molar mass of $\ce{Fe(NO_3)_3}$ is $242$ moles. Out of which $186$ belong to $\ce{NO_3}$. That means that around $76.85\%$ of the substance is Nitrate Ion.
Anyway, $20.0$ grams of the substan... |
For strong electrolytes, according to Kohlrausch, molar conductivity decreases as the concentration increases.
( i don't know why I'm not allowed to attach a photo here in order to show you the diagram ), but however I'm trying to explain how the diagram looks.
In the diagram we have strong electrolytes like HCl, H2... |
I’ve made magnetite $\ce{Fe3O4}$ in the lab and now I need to calculate yield percentage. How can I do it? I have these data.
\begin{align}
\ce{FeSO4.7H2O(aq) &-> Fe^2+(aq) + SO4^2- (aq) + 7H2O(l)}\\
\ce{KOH(aq) &-> K+(aq) + OH- (aq)}\\
\ce{KNO3(aq) &-> K+(aq) + NO3- (aq)}\\
\ce{Fe^2+(aq) + 2OH- (aq) &-> Fe(OH... |
As I'm reading about water cations and anions, i read that the benefits we gain from water are of course lots, but the mos important of them is the neutralisation of acids ( H+ ) from the anions present in water such as : HCO3- , CO3 2- and OH-.
Does this mean that the higher the concentration of bicarbonates, the be... |
As I'm reading about water cations and anions, i read that the benefits we gain from water are of course lots, but the mos important of them is the neutralisation of acids ($\ce{H+}$) from the anions present in water such as : $\ce{HCO3-}$ , $\ce{CO3^{2-}}$ and $\ce{OH-}$.
Does this mean that the higher the conc... |
As I’m reading about water cations and anions, I read that the benefits we gain from water are of course lots, but the most important of them is the neutralisation of acids ($\ce{H+}$) from the anions present in water such as: $\ce{HCO3-}$, $\ce{CO3^2-}$ and $\ce{OH-}$.
Does this mean that the higher the concentra... |
I understand that we need to add FeBr3 while brominating benzene in order to polarize the Bromine molecule. But we do not need to add such a Lewis Acid in the case of phenol, because it being activated by the OH group, automatically polarizes the bromine molecule. Anisole is also highly activated, however we still add ... |
Why do we need to add FeBr3 for bromination of anisole, but not for the bromination of phenol? |
As I'm reading about water cations and anions, i read that the benefits we gain from water are of course lots, but the mos important of them is the neutralisation of acids ($\ce{H+}$) from the anions present in water such as : $\ce{HCO3-}$ , $\ce{CO3^{2-}}$ and $\ce{OH-}$.
Does this mean that the higher the conc... |
I’m trying to learn about ions. There is a slide with examples about combining cations with anions. It goes like this:
> $$\text{For} \ \ \ce{Al^3+} \ \ \text{ and } \ \ \ce{O^2-} \ \ \text{you get} \ \ \ce{Al2O3}$$
Wait what? So you have an atom of aluminum (in this case a cation because it loses three electron... |
For strong electrolytes, according to Kohlrausch, molar conductivity decreases as the concentration increases.
( i don't know why I'm not allowed to attach a photo here in order to show you the diagram ), but however I'm trying to explain how the diagram looks.
In the diagram we have strong electrolytes like $\c... |
Allylic and benzylic compounds undergo oxidation with selenium dioxide to furnish either an allylic alcohol or an allylic carbonyl. But use of acetic acid as solvent stops the reaction at allylic alcohol stage due to formation of acetate esters.
One way to stop the further oxidation of allylic alcohols to give carbo... |
> What is the amount of nitrate ions in $20.0\:\mathrm{g}$ of $\ce{Fe(NO_3)_3}$?
Alright. Nitrate ion is $\ce{NO_3}$, I think.
The molar mass of $\ce{Fe(NO_3)_3}$ is $242$ moles. Out of which $186$ belong to $\ce{NO_3}$. That means that around $76.85\:\%$ of the substance is nitrate ion.
Anyway, $20.0$ grams o... |
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