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I've worked out five different conformations of Propyl-propanoate:
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z9ZlE.png
I think the bisected conformations (E) should be the most stable one.
Are my rationals&suggestions in my scheme correct? |
**Electrolysis:**
Your question "Is it dangerous to inhale the steam coming from electrolysis of salt-water solution?"
The answer short answer is: **It is not safe**.
The long answer involves relative safety, and depends on a few things.
First thing to understand is that most of the chlorine is produce... |
Cyanide and benzaldehyde both smell "of almonds".
Some people cannot smell cyanide (specifically, HCN). Can they also not smell benzaldehyde?
In other words, do they both trigger the same receptors? |
Cyanide and benzaldehyde both have an almond-like smell.
Some people cannot smell cyanide (specifically, HCN). Can they also not smell benzaldehyde?
In other words, do they both trigger the same receptors? |
I've worked out five different conformations of Propyl propanoate:
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z9ZlE.png
I think the bisected conformations (E) should be the most stable one.
Are my rationals & suggestions in my scheme correct? |
**Electrolysis:**
Your question "Is it dangerous to inhale the steam coming from electrolysis of salt-water solution?"
The answer short answer is: **It is not safe**.
The long answer involves relative safety, and depends on a few things.
First thing to understand is that chlorine is produced at the anode... |
**Electrolysis:**
Your question "Is it dangerous to inhale the steam coming from electrolysis of salt-water solution?"
The answer short answer is: **It is not safe**.
The long answer involves relative safety, and depends on a few things.
First thing to understand is that chlorine is produced at the anode... |
Is chlorine in there that accumulates (at the anode) and emerge out as chlorine gas? I was worried since I added a pinch of salt to the steamer in order to hasten the heating of tap water when I caught a cold (I should've just boiled a pot of water on the stove). I'm worried since chlorine gas is bad for the respirator... |
I'm looking for a type of plastic membrane that would let water through it from the outside, but wouldn't allow water to escape once it's inside the membrane.
Ideally available in a roll.
Does such a plastic membrane exist? |
Plastic membrane that lets water in from the outside only? |
What further information would allow you to make a positive identification of an organic compound from an infrared spectrum? |
To your question **"Is the resistance fixed, or can I do anything to lower it?"**
Resistance is not fixed. Instead, it is proportionate to distance between anode and cathode while being inversely related to:
- Strength of electrolyte
- Temperature of electrolyte
- Surface area of electrodes
Stronger and or ... |
Regarding your question: **"Is the resistance fixed, or can I do anything to lower it?"**
Resistance is not fixed. Instead, it is proportionate to distance between anode and cathode while being inversely related to:
- Strength of electrolyte
- Temperature of electrolyte
- Surface area of electrodes facing each... |
**How Did Wittig Come to Discover Lithium-Halogen-Exchange?**
Georg Wittig, discoverer of the [Wittig reaction][1], was studying the effect of ring strain on the strength of two neighboring carbons; by adding enough strain he expected to coax C-C bonds into forming diradicals:
![diyl][2]
Unfortunately tetraphen... |
**How Did Wittig Come to Discover Lithium-Halogen-Exchange?**
Georg Wittig, discoverer of the [Wittig reaction][1], was studying the effect of ring strain on the strength of two neighboring carbons; by adding enough strain he expected to coax C-C bonds into forming diradicals:
![diyl][2]
Unfortunately tetraphen... |
CH<sub>3</sub>-O-CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>Cl
How will this compound be named? Both, methoxy and chloro are given equal preference, since they are prefix functional groups. The answer given in the book is 2-Chloro-1-methoxyethane, but why is it not 1-Chloro-2-methoxyethane, as the C of chlorine comes before M in ... |
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/KbHxo.png
My answer was that you needed 25041.67J to melt the ice and 16108.4J to raise the temperature to 22 degrees.
Therefore MCT(iron) = -(25041.67 + 16108.4) and dividing this by the mass of iron and the change in temperature results i... |
Specific heat capacity question - mass of iron needed to melt ice and raise temperature of water? |
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/KbHxo.png
My answer was that you needed 25041.67J to melt the ice and 16108.4J to raise the temperature to 22 degrees.
Therefore $MC \Delta T(iron)$ = -(25041.67 + 16108.4) and dividing this by the mass of iron and the change in temperature... |
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/KbHxo.png
My answer was that you needed 25041.67J to melt the ice and 16108.4J to raise the temperature to 22 degrees.
Therefore $mc \Delta T(iron)$ = -(25041.67 + 16108.4) and dividing this by the mass of iron and the change in temperature... |
What is the value of Relative permittivity and relative permeability of palladium nanocube?
If i change the size of this Pd nanocube, then this value will be changed or remain same? |
What is the value of relative permittivity and relative permeability of a palladium nanocube?
If I change the size of this $\ce{Pd}$ nanocube, then will this value be changed or remain the same? |
The original purported advantage of semiconductor|liquid junctions proposed by those in the field of photoelectrochemistry arose from the hypothesis that charge carriers would have a shorter distance to travel than in solid-state photovoltaic systems, thereby allowing lower quality materials to be used in an integrated... |
> Why do soft drinks fizz?
The key word for that is **pressure**
Manufactures close the bottles/cans by forcing carbon dioxide and water into your soda at high pressures around **[40 psi](http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2000/SeemaMeraj.shtml)**.
When you crack open the can, you release the pressure and allow t... |
I understand that computations are discouraged on this forum but I'm interested in the concept behind this computation and was wondering if anyone could give me some pointers or hints.
I've prepared 0.28 L solution of 0.8500 M of $\ce{Al(NO3)3}$
I need a 50 mL solution of 0.450 M of $\ce{Al(NO3)3}$ made from my o... |
I'm interested in the concept behind this computation and was wondering if anyone could give me some pointers or hints.
I've prepared $0.28~\mathrm{L}$ solution of $0.8500~\mathrm{M}$ of $\ce{Al(NO3)3}$.
I need a $50~\mathrm{mL}$ solution of $0.450~\mathrm{M}$ of $\ce{Al(NO3)3}$ made from my original solution.
For... |
What is the concept behind the calculations for the dilution of solutions? |
Take, for example, CO$_2$. It is pretty clear that in the absence of rotation, the energy of this system depends only on the two bond lengths and the bond angle.
So if I wanted to build a potential energy surface for this molecule that was valid near and far from equilibrium, it should depend on these coordinates... |
How many coordinates should be used for the potential energy surface of a non-rotating linear molecule? (3N-6) or (3N-5)? |
Take, for example, CO$_2$. It is pretty clear that in the absence of rotation, the energy of this system depends only on the two bond lengths and the bond angle.
So if I wanted to build a potential energy surface for this molecule that was valid near and far from equilibrium, it should depend on these coordinates... |
Take, for example, CO$_2$. It is pretty clear that in the absence of rotation, the energy of this system depends only on the two bond lengths and the bond angle.
So if I wanted to build a potential energy surface for this molecule that was valid near and far from equilibrium, it should depend on these coordinates... |
Take, for example, CO$_2$. It is pretty clear that in the absence of rotation, the energy of this system depends only on the two bond lengths and the bond angle.
So if I wanted to build a potential energy surface for this molecule that was valid near and far from equilibrium, it should depend on these coordinates... |
Are the following two compounds isomers?
> (A) $\ce{CH_{3}-CO-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-OH}$
> (B) $\ce{CH_{3}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-CH_{2}-COOH}$
Although they have the same molecular formula ($\ce{C_{6}H_{12}O_{2}})$, I think that this two compounds are not isomers.
|
One ethane molecule can create two molecules of ozone, one ethanol molecule can create one molecule of ozone:
![enter image description here][1]
In the following table the POCP is twice as high for ethene than for propane:
![enter image description here][2]
From this fact I expect four molecules of ozone fr... |
POCP: How many ozone molecules can be created by one ethene molecule? |
Which temprature is taken, the temprature of the system or the temprature of the surrounding? I think it should be the temprature of the surrounding. This is because if we take the temprature of the system then change in gibbs free energy would always be zero as then, change in enthalpy of the system would always be eq... |
Which temprature is taken in gibbs free energy equation, of the system or the surrounding? |
The question is most likely badly worded and should have been
>What is the maximum mass of $\ce{AgCl}$ that can be dissolved?
As we all know, $\ce{AgCl}$ is damn insouble in aquaeous solutions — and due to the equilibrium constant it doesn’t get better at all if you add chloride ions (reducing the silver ion conc... |
When salt dissolves in water it disassociates and it is no longer in a lattice structure. The electrostatic forces are no longer there and are replaced by water-ion interactions. To me that sounds like old bonds breaking and new bonds forming. Shouldn't the reaction look something like this?
NaCl + H2O --> Na+ + Cl... |
How is dissolving a physical change and not a chemical change? |
In my own words: Hybridization is an approach to model hybrid orbitals mathematically. The geometry of a molecule determines the hybridization and not vice versa!
I'd like to quote rons comment in my earlier question: http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/32835/why-allene-cannot-be-described-with-an-allyl-sys... |
What's hybridization ? (A general question with particular interests inside the hybridization of acetone) |
What is the relative permittivity and relative permeability of a palladium nanocube?
If I change the size of this $\ce{Pd}$ nanocube, will these values be changed or remain the same? |
The original purported advantage of semiconductor|liquid junctions proposed by those in the field of photoelectrochemistry arose from the hypothesis that charge carriers would have a shorter distance to travel than in solid-state photovoltaic systems, thereby allowing lower quality materials to be used in an integrated... |
When salt dissolves in water it dissociates and it is no longer in a lattice structure. The electrostatic forces are no longer there and are replaced by water-ion interactions. To me that sounds like old bonds breaking and new bonds forming. Shouldn't the reaction look something like this? $$\ce{NaCl + H2O -> Na+ + Cl-... |
I've worked out five different conformations of propyl propanoate:
![enter image description here][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/Z9ZlE.png
I think the bisected conformations (E) should be the most stable one.
Are my rationals & suggestions in my scheme correct? |
Which of the five conformers of propyl propanoate is most stable? |
It looks like the human body doesn't have the ability to breakdown atmospheric $\ce{N2}$, as of now $\ldots$ So an enzyme like nitrogenase (found in cyanobacteria) fixes $\ce{N2}$ and produces $\ce{NH3}$. $\ce{NH3}$ is a weak base which qualifies as a buffer component.
If the human body was able to react to $\ce{N2}... |
Very recently Chemical Sciences published results of the discovery of a new cobalt compound that can absorb oxygen at presumably a higher capacity than what has been achievable before. The paper is [here][1]. I don't have access to the full publication, and since I'm not a chemist I don't really follow the abstract too... |
New finding in cobalt compound that absorbs oxygen - is it really a breakthrough? |
In my own words: Hybridization is an approach to model hybrid orbitals mathematically. The geometry of a molecule determines the hybridization and not vice versa!
I'd like to quote rons comment in my earlier question: http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/32835/why-allene-cannot-be-described-with-an-allyl-sys... |
I don't get Taylor expansion over $ \frac{1}{\overline{V}} $ of Virial equation of state: $Z = \frac{P\overline{V}}{RT} $ which yields
$$ Z = 1 + \frac{B_{2V}(T)}{\overline{V}} + \frac{B_{3V}(T)}{\overline{V^2}} + ...
$$ I thought I understood calc2 Taylor expansion of form $$f(x) = \sum\limits_{k=0}^\infty \frac{f^{... |
does a free software for calcaluting the net charge of an amino acids in function of pH exist? |
Free software for calcaluting the net charge of an amino acids in function of pH? |
does a free software for calculating the net charge of amino acids in function of pH exist? |
Why does change in gibbs free energy not come out to be always zero? |
what calculations are needed to convert ppm gas (N2O) concentrations in microgram nitrogen per gram dry soil basis? |
to convert ppm gas (N2O) concentrations in microgram nitrogen per gram dry soil basis? |
Here, Z is explicitly a function of temperature.
>At what expansion point do we expand?
Can you clarify what you mean? I can state that it's common to truncate this particular expansion at the second term, so we'd have:
$$\ce Z = 1 + {B_{2V}(T)\over \overline{V}}$$
The virial coefficient in this case accoun... |
When I get the pressure using the different equation of state(e.g. vdW, RK, etc.), will the answer be the same? |
getting the pressure using the equation of states, will the answer be the same? |
In my own words: Hybridization is an approach to model hybrid orbitals mathematically. The geometry of a molecule determines the hybridization and not vice versa!
I'd like to quote rons comment in my earlier question: http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/32835/why-allene-cannot-be-described-with-an-allyl-sys... |
Elements from the carbon group tend to form compounds with two oxygen's. Let's say I want to produce $\ce{SiO_2}$ out of $\ce{SiO}$ by mixing it with some alcohol, for example:
$$\ce{SiO + CH_3-CHOH-CH_3 \longrightarrow SiO_2 + CH_3-CH_2-CH_3}$$
Is this likely to occur? at least before all the alcohol evaporates.... |
I don't get how Taylor expansion over $ \frac{1}{\overline{V}} $ of Virial equation of state is caried out: $Z = \frac{P\overline{V}}{RT} $ which yields
$$ Z = 1 + \frac{B_{2V}(T)}{\overline{V}} + \frac{B_{3V}(T)}{\overline{V^2}} + ...
$$ I thought I understood calc2 Taylor expansion of form $$f(x) = \sum\limits_{k=0... |
In my own words: Hybridization is an approach to model hybrid orbitals mathematically. The geometry of a molecule determines the hybridization and not vice versa!
I'd like to quote rons comment in my earlier question: http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/32835/why-allene-cannot-be-described-with-an-allyl-sys... |
Cl2 bond energy given as 244
1/2 cl2 will still be 244 or 244/2? My teacher said it is still 244 |
In my own words: Hybridization is an approach to model hybrid orbitals mathematically. The geometry of a molecule determines the hybridization and not vice versa!
I'd like to quote rons comment in my earlier question: http://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/32835/why-allene-cannot-be-described-with-an-allyl-sys... |
$\ce{Cl2}$ bond energy given is as 244.
1/2 $\ce{Cl2}$ will still be 244 or 244/2? My teacher said it is still 244. |
Does anybody know two liquids or a solid and a liquid that can react to produce a gas less dense than air (or similar) in room temperature?
This question is intended to make a chemical induced reaction when a lever is pulled to produce gas and decrease an object's mass. |
Producing low Density Gas in Room Temp? |
Which temprature is taken, the temprature of the system or the temprature of the surrounding? I think it should be the temprature of the surrounding. This is because if we take the temprature of the system then change in gibbs free energy would always be zero as then, change in enthalpy of the system would always be eq... |
Which temprature is taken in gibbs free energy equation, of the system or the surrounding? |
This is indeed a bit of a grey area. Consider the following: chemical or physical?
Na+ Cl- (aq) + Ag+ NO3- (aq) --> Na+ NO3- (s) + Na+ NO3- (aq)
There is a tendency in more advanced chemistry to view the formation / breaking of ionic lattices as a physical change, because there are no differences in the elec... |
This is indeed a bit of a grey area. Consider the following: chemical or physical?
$$\ce{Na+ Cl- (aq) + Ag+ NO3- (aq) -> Ag+Cl- (s) + Na+ NO3- (aq)}$$
There is a tendency in more advanced chemistry to view the formation / breaking of ionic lattices as a physical change, because there are no differences in the... |
Very recently Chemical Sciences published results of the discovery of a new cobalt compound that can absorb oxygen at presumably a higher capacity than what has been achievable before. The paper is [here][1]. I don't have access to the full publication, and since I'm not a chemist I don't really follow the abstract too... |
The other answers are very good, so purely in the interest of diversity I'll mention the methide (methanide?) carbides such as aluminum carbide or magnesium carbide. With aluminum, the reaction is:
$\ce{Al4C3(s) + 12 H2O(l) → 4 Al(OH)3(aq) + 3 CH4(g)}$
Methane ($\cf{CH4}$) is less dense than air, but not by near... |
The other answers are very good, so purely in the interest of diversity I'll mention the methide (methanide?) carbides such as aluminum carbide or magnesium carbide. With aluminum, the reaction is:
$\ce{Al4C3(s) + 12 H2O(l) → 4 Al(OH)3(aq) + 3 CH4(g)}$
Methane ($\cf{CH4}$) is less dense than air, but not by near... |
Is it dangerous to boil dish soap (natural, ex: walgreens brand "ology") while also cooking other foods in the kitchen (ex.pasta)? I was trying to clean some pots and read online that a good way to clean them is to boil dish soap in them. I was also making dinner at the same time and I am worried that I released toxic ... |
When I get the pressure using the different equations of state (e.g. $vdW, RK$, etc.), will the answer still be the same? |
Getting the pressure using the equation of states - will the answer be the same? |
Does a free software for calculating the net charge of amino acids as a function of pH exist? |
![olive oil making grids in a nonstick pan when swirled][1]
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/rqUVM.jpg
Whenever I add olive oil to my cold nonstick pan and try to swirl it, it ends up making these 90-degree grids. Is this something to do with the oil, the pan, or the interaction between the two? I find the regu... |
Why does olive oil make 90 degree grids on a nonstick pan? |
This is quoted from Jim Clark's [Chemguide](http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/properties/3d4sproblem.html)
>For **reasons** which are too complicated to go into at this level, once you get to scandium, the energy of the 3d orbitals becomes slightly less than that of the 4s, and that remains true across the rest of th... |
Why do 3d orbitals have lesser energy than 4s orbitals in transition metals? |
Free software for calculating the net charge of an amino acid as a function of pH? |
Which temprature is taken, the temprature of the system or the temprature of the surrounding? I think it should be the temprature of the surrounding. This is because if we take the temprature of the system then change in Gibbs free energy would always be zero as then, change in enthalpy of the system would always be eq... |
Which temprature is taken in Gibbs free energy equation, of the system or the surrounding? |
This is a difficult question to answer. Following the Aufbau Principle and the n+l rule, the 4s orbital should fill before the 3d orbital. So why is 3d lower in energy? In short, the Aufbau Principle is not entirely correct. It is a guideline (like many things in chemistry.)
So, orbitals fill in order of stability. ... |
What is hybridization: Is the hybridization only related to atomic orbitals but not to the molecular orbitals ? (A general question) |
Is it just for historical reasons? Because the first person who did it decided to attach the C-terminus to the solid support?
Or are there chemical reasons why it would be impossible to proceed in the opposite direction?
|
Why does solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) always proceed from the C to the N terminus? |
This is not really a simple question at all, in fact, it is an interesting insight in chemical bonding. You make a valid assertion with your question:
> are ionic bonds just extremely polar covalent bonds?
This answer is a simplistic way of looking at it.
According to ChemGuide page [Electronegativity][1], ... |
I am a backer of this Kickstarter: [SCiO Near IR Spectroscopy][1]
Here is a link to their technology: [SCiO Technology][2]
Question: How short of full IR spectroscopy do you think this device is? I have asked them whether we could program the SCiO to act as an IR spectrometer, and they have said this would requir... |
> Why do Krypton and Xenon have high electronegativity?
As you point out, krypton ($\ce{Kr}$) and xenon ($\ce{Xe}$) are members of the Noble gas family. They are generally unreactive (noble) because all of their occupied orbitals are filled with electrons - they really don't want to gain or lose an electron. Howev... |
This seems like a farce...
http://www.nature.com/news/quantum-gas-goes-below-absolute-zero-1.12146
I have seen several recent articles like this one and I am extremely skeptical. Perhaps my skepticism is based upon an ignorance of physical principles, but I am less offended by apparent violations of the speed o... |
How do I find the empirical formula for Co(C2O4)*H2O with mass of Oxalate and Oxide Product? |
The original purported advantage of semiconductor|liquid junctions proposed by those in the field of photoelectrochemistry arose from the hypothesis that charge carriers would have a shorter distance to travel than in solid-state photovoltaic systems, thereby allowing lower quality materials to be used in an integrated... |
I'm currently studying about the atomic configuration of electrostatic interactions. Concept is there that in case of interactions like in **N-H...N-H** (amides), the stability depends on the position of resonating electron between **H...N** nuclei ([THE NATURE OF THE CHEMICAL BOND. II. THE ONE-ELECTRON BOND AND THE TH... |
Change in enthalpy of the system is equal to its temprature multiplied by its change in entropy (as change in enthalpy is equal to heat absorbed /given out at constant pressure and change in entropy is heat absorbed/given out divided by its temperature). So, through gibbs free energy equation, change in gibbs free ener... |
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