choices
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1 value
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stringlengths
12
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5 values
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{ "A": "The protagonist's call for bids is an **invitation to treat**, and each bid from the bidders is an **offer**.", "B": "The protagonist's call for bids is an **offer**, and each bid from the bidders is an **acceptance**.", "C": "The protagonist's starting price constitutes a **firm offer** that cannot be re...
multiple-choice
validation_448
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUft-XCuzV0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auction_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invitation_to_treat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract" ], "rationale": "The auctioneer's call for bids is an invitation to treat, and each b...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/6.mp4
Which of the following statements best describes the legal nature of the video protagonist's behavior under the principles of contract law?
videos/Law/6.mp4
{ "A": "Renin-angiotensin system", "B": "Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis", "C": "Adrenaline and norepinephrine", "D": "Melatonin secretion", "E": "Kallikrein-kinin system" }
multiple-choice
validation_450
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezDJ1GSXl4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_water", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin%E2%80%93angiotensin_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
When the phenomenon in the video occurs, which of the following options is the most important to adjust?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
{ "A": "Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to increase sodium reabsorption", "B": "Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis to reduce metabolic rate", "C": "Administration of adrenaline and norepinephrine to elevate blood pressure", "D": "Decrease in vasopressin (antidiuretic h...
multiple-choice
validation_451
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezDJ1GSXl4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_intoxication", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin%E2%80%93angiotensin_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93thyr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
Based on the phenomenon depicted in the video, which physiological adjustment is most critical to preventing further deterioration of the patient’s nervous system?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
{ "A": "Administration of thiazide diuretics to reduce sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule", "B": "Administration of aldosterone antagonists to promote sodium excretion", "C": "Administration of vasopressin receptor antagonists to induce water diuresis", "D": "Administration of isotonic saline to replace l...
multiple-choice
validation_452
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezDJ1GSXl4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralocorticoid_receptor_antagonist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin_receptor_antagonist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmopressin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyponatremia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_(medicine)", ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
Based on the physiological processes depicted in the video, which of the following pharmacological interventions is most appropriate?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
{ "A": "right", "B": "up", "C": "diagonally down-left", "D": "down", "E": "left" }
multiple-choice
validation_454
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMtclXllkbA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction" ], "rationale": "In the video, the first object is a glass, the fifth object is water, and the sixth object is a piece of paper with a left-point...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
If we put the first object and the fifth object together in front of the sixth object, which direction will the arrow point we see?
videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
{ "A": "refraction", "B": "reflection", "C": "polarization", "D": "interference", "E": "diffraction" }
multiple-choice
validation_455
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMtclXllkbA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_interference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_(ph...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
Based on the objects shown in the video, you decide to conduct an experiment demonstrating an optical concept. Based on the experimental tools displayed in the video, which optical phenomenon is most likely to be demonstrated?
videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
{ "A": "Implementing snail control programs to eliminate the intermediate host", "B": "Distributing insecticide-treated bed nets to prevent vector bites", "C": "Providing widespread vaccination against the parasite", "D": "Promoting proper cooking of fish to eliminate larval forms", "E": "Encouraging the use ...
multiple-choice
validation_458
A
https://youtu.be/Hx-Ly-A2y44?si=sDFrE2OyYPBLvXWb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthocephala", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obligate_parasite", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preventive_healthcare" ], "rationale": "The video shows the infection process of schistosomiasis. When...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
Which of the following public health interventions is most effective in reducing the incidence of the disease shown in the video?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
{ "A": "Viral Cirrhosis", "B": "Alcoholic Cirrhosis", "C": "Symmers pipestem fibrosis", "D": "Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)", "E": "Cardiac Cirrhosis" }
multiple-choice
validation_459
C
https://youtu.be/Hx-Ly-A2y44?si=sDFrE2OyYPBLvXWb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis" ], "rationale": "The video shows the infection process of schistosomiasis. When humans come into contact with water infected by schistosomes, the cercar...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
Which type of liver cirrhosis might the disease shown in the video cause?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
{ "A": "Microcytic anemia due to chronic intestinal blood loss", "B": "Progressive muscle weakness leading to flaccid paralysis", "C": "Hematuria and increased risk of bladder cancer", "D": "Portal hypertension resulting from periportal fibrosis", "E": "Malabsorption leading to steatorrhea and weight loss" }
multiple-choice
validation_460
D
https://youtu.be/Hx-Ly-A2y44?si=sDFrE2OyYPBLvXWb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_hypertension", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_worm" ], "rationale": "To determine the most likely clinical finding in chronically infected individuals based on the parasite's life cycle de...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
Which of the following clinical findings is most likely to develop in chronically infected individuals in certain regions?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
{ "A": "Cu + Pb(NO3)2 → Cu(NO3)2 + Pb", "B": "Cu + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag", "C": "Cu + FeSO4 → CuSO4 + Fe", "D": "Cu(NO3)2 + Na2S → CuS + 2NaNO3", "E": "CuCl2 + Na2SO4 → CuSO4 + 2NaCl" }
multiple-choice
validation_462
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8UtR7akNec
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation_(chemistry)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_nitrate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper(II)_nitrate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction" ], "rationale": "From the video, it can be observed that a solid is plac...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
If the solution in the video is a salt solution, what is the most likely chemical reaction equation that would occur in the test tube?
videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "Iron wire immersed in magnesium sulfate solution: Fe(s) + MgSO₄(aq) → FeSO₄(aq) + Mg(s)", "B": "Copper wire immersed in silver nitrate solution: Cu(s) + 2AgNO₃(aq) → Cu(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2Ag(s)", "C": "Silver wire immersed in copper(II) sulfate solution: Ag(s) + CuSO₄(aq) → Ag₂SO₄(aq) + Cu(s)", "D": "Zinc wir...
multiple-choice
validation_463
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8UtR7akNec
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_displacement_reaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_nitrate" ], "rationale": "Option B is correct: Copper wire in silver nitrate solution. Copp...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
Which balanced chemical equation correctly represents the reaction occurring in the test tube?
videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "3", "B": "0", "C": "1", "D": "4", "E": "2" }
multiple-choice
validation_466
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lYl6uLNT9vc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_moment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%E2%80%93orbit_interaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern%E2%80%93Gerlach_experiment" ], "rationale": "After passing the magnet, there are 5 ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
What is the difference number between the spin up and spin down electron?
videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
{ "A": "s' = s", "B": "s' = s/2", "C": "s' = s/sqrt{2}", "D": "s' = 2s", "E": "s' = s*sqrt{2}" }
multiple-choice
validation_467
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lYl6uLNT9vc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_moment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern%E2%80%93Gerlach_experiment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" ], "rationale": "In the Stern-Gerlach experiment, increasing electro...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
In the experiment shown in the video, suppose the distance between the two rows of balls is s. If the speed of the balls v increases to sqrt(2) times the original speed, how will the distance between the two rows of balls, s’, change?
videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
{ "A": "35mm f8", "B": "35mm f1.8", "C": "350mm f1.8", "D": "300mm f8", "E": "600mm f8" }
multiple-choice
validation_468
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6dOxV0HjUA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_of_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-angle_lens", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel" ], "rationale": "An excerpt from the movie “The Grand Budapest Hotel�is shown in ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/6.mp4
What kind of len is best fit for the movie showed in the image
videos/Art/6.mp4
{ "A": "Stanley Kubrick", "B": "Tim Burton", "C": "Steven Spielberg", "D": "Quentin Tarantino", "E": "Wes Anderson" }
multiple-choice
validation_469
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6dOxV0HjUA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_composition", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wes_Anderson" ], "rationale": "The video shows a scene from The Grand Budapest Hotel, featuring grand architecture, vibrant colors, symmet...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/6.mp4
Based on the detailed description of the hotel lobby scene, which director's stylistic trademarks are most evident in this scene?
videos/Art/6.mp4
{ "A": "sequential search", "B": "iterative deepening search", "C": "binary search", "D": "breadth first search", "E": "depth first search" }
multiple-choice
validation_471
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mdF7LKKeI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth-first_search", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory" ], "rationale": "Pre-order traversal visits the root node first, then the left subtr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
What kind of search algorithm is used in the video of binary search tree?
videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
{ "A": "Stack", "B": "Priority Queue", "C": "Hash Table", "D": "Queue", "E": "Linked List" }
multiple-choice
validation_472
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mdF7LKKeI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFO_(computing_and_electronics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadth-first_search", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queue_(abstract_data_type)" ], ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
To efficiently implement the algorithm in the video, which of the following data structures is essential?
videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
{ "A": "In-order traversal", "B": "Post-order traversal", "C": "Reverse in-order traversal", "D": "Breadth-first traversal", "E": "Pre-order traversal" }
multiple-choice
validation_473
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mdF7LKKeI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth-first_search", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree" ], "rationale": "The depth-first traversal sequence aligns with Pre-or...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
Which traversal method is demonstrated in the video?
videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
{ "A": "Hydrocortisone", "B": "Diphenhydramine", "C": "Loratadine", "D": "Lorazepam", "E": "Atropine" }
multiple-choice
validation_475
E
https://youtu.be/bsOb0LEi63Q?si=gpFwHuSeYvqoAEyx
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticholinergic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphate_poisoning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_crisis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropine" ], "rationale": "Atropine can...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/14.mp4
Based on the content of the video, which of the following medications can be used for the emergency treatment of the symptoms exhibited by the individual in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/14.mp4
{ "A": "EGF", "B": "VEGF", "C": "CD2AP", "D": "IL-6", "E": "PDGF" }
multiple-choice
validation_476
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBu1kQMxiJo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_6", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wound_healing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidermal_growth_factor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_factor" ], "rationale": "According to the vide...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/12.mp4
Which of the following growth factors/cytokines is NOT involved in the process in the vedio?
videos/Basic_Medicine/12.mp4
{ "A": "20Hz,50-70Hz", "B": "250Hz,400-650Hz", "C": "2Hz,5-7Hz", "D": "150Hz,300-450Hz", "E": "200Hz,500-700Hz" }
multiple-choice
validation_478
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51IWqAWPjNI&t=811s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Band-stop_filter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_(signal_processing)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_response", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)" ], "rationale": "The bandwidth of the filter is the diffe...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/18.mp4
What is the bandwidth of the filter in the video? What is the wavelength range that the filter can pass through?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/18.mp4
{ "A": "Saltatory conduction", "B": "Segmental conduction", "C": "Complex conduction", "D": "Continuous conduction", "E": "Passive conduction" }
multiple-choice
validation_480
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNRkZ3N73kk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node_of_Ranvier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltatory_conduction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelin" ], "rationale": "According to the video content...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/17.mp4
How does the action potential propagate along the axon of the left neuron in this video?
videos/Neurobiology/17.mp4
{ "A": "The broad and low-lying coastal plains of the region, which allowed tsunami waves to travel far inland", "B": "The steep mountainous terrain immediately adjacent to the coastline, which funneled waves into narrow valleys", "C": "The dense urban infrastructure along the coast, which amplified the tsunami's...
multiple-choice
validation_482
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJ7uUw1Jx5Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sendai", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_flooding" ], "rationale": "The broad and low-lying coastal plains of the Sendai region most significantly contributed to the extent o...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/9.mp4
Which of the following geographic factors most significantly contributed to the extent of inland flooding observed during the event?
videos/Geography/9.mp4
{ "A": "The area was protected by a series of offshore barriers that absorbed the tsunami's energy before it reached the shore.", "B": "The region was already submerged underwater before the tsunami, so no additional inundation was observed.", "C": "The area consists of high-elevation mountainous terrain that was...
multiple-choice
validation_483
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJ7uUw1Jx5Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges" ], "rationale": "The unchanged grayscale area in the northeast corner of the map during the tsunami event is best e...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/9.mp4
Which of the following best explains why the grayscale area in the northeast corner of the map remained unchanged during the event?
videos/Geography/9.mp4
{ "A": "Translation risk", "B": "Economic risk", "C": "Supply chain risk", "D": "Transaction risk", "E": "All of the above" }
multiple-choice
validation_484
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m30bUKaNfhY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinational_corporation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_risk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_analysis_(business)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_risk_management" ], "rationale": "According to the video, the com...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/5.mp4
For the company shown in the video, what kind of risk should it pay special attention to when trading?
videos/Economics/5.mp4
{ "A": "Thermal radiation. Heat is transferred from the paper to the outside world.", "B": "Thermal convection. Heat is transferred from the outside to the paper.", "C": "Heat conduction. Heat is transferred from the paper to the outside world.", "D": "Thermal radiation. Heat is transferred from the outside to ...
multiple-choice
validation_489
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f2HY4HmSzg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_radiation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conduction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_(heat_transfer)" ], "rationale": "Acc...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
What kind of heat transfer phenomenon occurs in the video?
videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
{ "A": "The device will not rotate", "B": "View from above, the device will rotate clockwise at a faster speed", "C": "View from above, the device will rotate clockwise at a slower speed", "D": "View from above, the device will rotate counterclockwise at a faster speed", "E": "View from above, the device will...
multiple-choice
validation_490
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f2HY4HmSzg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_pressure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crookes_radiometer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_transpiration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer" ], "rationale": "If the silver page is painted black, the temperature differ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
In the video, what phenomenon would occur if the silver side of the blade is painted black?
videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
{ "A": "The proximity of the metal rod induces opposite charges on the near side of the sphere, neutralizing its net charge locally, preventing further discharges.", "B": "The metal rod causes a redistribution of charges on the sphere's surface, increasing the electric field between the rod and sphere, which ionize...
multiple-choice
validation_491
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDvcfj2TMG4&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=18
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona_discharge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_density" ], "rationale": ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/22.mp4
Which of the following best explains the phenomenon in the video?
videos/Electromagnetism/22.mp4
{ "A": "The speed increment is the same each time.", "B": "The speed increments get smaller and smaller each time.", "C": "Each speed increment first increases and then decreases.", "D": "The speed increments get bigger each time.", "E": "Each speed increment first decreases and then increases." }
multiple-choice
validation_492
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zL0IuRI_2Aw&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=10
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_energy" ], "rationale": "The distance between each magnet in the video is consistent, and the increase in the bead's kinetic energy remains constant ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/19.mp4
How does the increment in the bead's velocity change with each collision with the next magnet?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "Ca+H2O->Ca(OH)2+H2", "B": "Ba+H2O->Ba(OH)2+H2", "C": "Na+H2O->NaOH+H2", "D": "K+H2O->KOH+H2", "E": "Mg+H2O->Mg(OH)2+H2" }
multiple-choice
validation_493
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmcfsEEogxs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction" ], "rationale": "From the video, it can be seen that the solid reacted vigorously when added to...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
Which of the following chemical reactions is most likely occurring when the solid is added to the solution in the video?
videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
{ "A": "Sodium (Na), an alkali metal in Group 1 with one valence electron", "B": "Magnesium (Mg), an alkaline earth metal in Group 2 with two valence electrons", "C": "Aluminum (Al), a post-transition metal in Group 13 with three valence electrons", "D": "Carbon (C), a nonmetal in Group 14 with four valence ele...
multiple-choice
validation_494
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmcfsEEogxs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolphthalein" ], "rationale": "Considering its position in the periodic table and its chemical reactivity with water, the silver-colored pellet is likely Sodium (Na)...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
Based on the observations described in the video, which of the following elements most likely corresponds to the substance added to the water?
videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
{ "A": "Insertion into an AVL Tree", "B": "Breadth-First Search (BFS) traversal of a binary tree", "C": "Construction of a Complete Binary Heap", "D": "Depth-First Search (DFS) traversal of a binary tree", "E": "Insertion into a Red-Black Tree" }
multiple-choice
validation_495
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKkEC-x5xas
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rotation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_tree" ], "rat...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
Which of the following operations or data structures is most accurately being depicted in the animation?
videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
{ "A": "The tree is a complete binary tree.", "B": "The tree is a perfect binary tree.", "C": "The tree is a binary search tree.", "D": "The tree is a red-black tree maintaining balanced black-heights.", "E": "The tree is an AVL tree." }
multiple-choice
validation_496
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKkEC-x5xas
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rotation" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
Which of the following properties does the resulting tree satisfy?
videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
{ "A": "Oxidative degradation", "B": "Molecular chain polymerization", "C": "Enzymatic degradation", "D": "Hydrolysis", "E": "Bulk degradation" }
multiple-choice
validation_498
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEVMeCMtw9Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_chemistry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxylic_acid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable_polymer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" ], "rationale": "Hydrolysis is the most ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/10.mp4
What chemical process is reflected in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/10.mp4
{ "A": "Angular momentum", "B": "Linear momentum", "C": "Acceleration", "D": "Support force", "E": "Gravity" }
multiple-choice
validation_499
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwczA-Q1knY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation" ], "rationale": "As you can see from the video, the wheel itself, which is rotating, does not fall and lose balance immediately after one end...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/20.mp4
What is the most likely experiment the video is conducting
videos/Mechanics/20.mp4
{ "A": "Patients with type II have increased blood insulin in the early stage", "B": "Patients with type II have normal to moderate decreased insulin in the late stage", "C": "Patients with type I have normal weight", "D": "Patients with type I often develop the disease in childhood", "E": "Patients with type...
multiple-choice
validation_502
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LRaSsOuH2oU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_1_diabetes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobar_pneumonia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensive_insulin_therapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes" ], "rationale": "The video shows the different treatment methods for Type 1 ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/13.mp4
What is WRONG about the shown disease?
videos/Basic_Medicine/13.mp4
{ "A": "aortic area", "B": "pulmonary area", "C": "left sternal border", "D": "mitral area", "E": "tricuspid area" }
multiple-choice
validation_503
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5KoROC9zXg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_valve", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_examination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_sounds", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_valve", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aorta", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricuspid_val...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/15.mp4
What is not included in the auscultation area in the video?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/15.mp4
{ "A": "Chemotherapy", "B": "Implant Materials", "C": "Medication", "D": "Radiation therapy", "E": "Photodynamic therapy" }
multiple-choice
validation_504
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YVa9np23mW4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stent", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyglycolide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylactic_acid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable_polymer" ], "rationale": "Biodegradable polymers have been used to make Implant Materials stents that...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/11.mp4
How does the doctor treat in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/11.mp4
{ "A": "Smaller first, then bigger", "B": "Bigger", "C": "Smaller", "D": "Bigger first, then smaller", "E": "No change" }
multiple-choice
validation_507
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pX0uKIPkcBs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelength", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_spectrum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(optics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color" ], "rationale": "When the operator adjusts the instrument, the light’s color changes from gree...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/7.mp4
How does the wavelength of light we see changes when the operator changes the instrument?
videos/Modern_Physics/7.mp4
{ "A": "Photodynamic therapy", "B": "Ultrasonic therapy", "C": "Radiation therapy", "D": "Gene engineering", "E": "Tissue Engineering" }
multiple-choice
validation_509
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnicdD43OJE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable_polymer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_medicine" ], "rationale": "Biodegradable polymers are used as scaffolds in Option E. ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/12.mp4
What kind of life science means is shown in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/12.mp4
{ "A": "Stem cell transplantation to replace damaged heart tissue", "B": "Gene therapy using viral vectors to deliver functional genes", "C": "Activation of regenerative genes using CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) technology", "D": "Suppression of harmful genes using RNA interference (RNAi)", "E": "Implantation o...
multiple-choice
validation_510
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnicdD43OJE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striated_muscle_tissue", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem-cell_therapy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_interference" ], "rationale": "The v...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/12.mp4
Based on the video, which of the following technologies is primarily being utilized?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/12.mp4
{ "A": "Only the Second one", "B": "Only the First one", "C": "The First and Third ones", "D": "The First and Second ones", "E": "Only the Third one" }
multiple-choice
validation_511
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ41NF9vPiU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_orbit", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion" ], "rationale": "The first move motion now labeled as 'First one' shows Kepler's first law, indicating that the orbits...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/21.mp4
Which move motion shows that the orbits of planets are ellipses?
videos/Mechanics/21.mp4
{ "A": "Anoikis", "B": "Necrosis", "C": "Pyroptosis", "D": "Apoptosis", "E": "Autophagy" }
multiple-choice
validation_513
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZdj2Cm2tzk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmed_cell_death", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_death", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anoikis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophagy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferroptosis" ], ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/14.mp4
What kind of cell death process is shown in the video?
videos/Basic_Medicine/14.mp4
{ "A": "Activation of death receptors by Fas ligand (extrinsic apoptosis pathway)", "B": "Release of cytochrome c from mitochondria activating intrinsic apoptosis pathway", "C": "Activation of receptor-interacting protein kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3 inducing necroptosis", "D": "Accumulation of autophagosomes due to...
multiple-choice
validation_514
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lZdj2Cm2tzk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome_c", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis" ], "rationale": "The video depicts apoptosis through traits like cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation. These are indicative of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Given the absence of external triggers, t...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/14.mp4
Which of the following molecular events is most likely responsible for initiating the process shown?
videos/Basic_Medicine/14.mp4
{ "A": "A decrease in overall labor productivity due to technological obsolescence.", "B": "A reduction in capital investment as firms rely more on AI.", "C": "An increase in total factor productivity leading to higher economic growth.", "D": "A rise in inflation due to increased demand for AI-related services....
multiple-choice
validation_516
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z1oUmFdjBLM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_factor_productivity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_capital", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_artificial_intelligence", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/7.mp4
Which of the following macroeconomic effects is most likely to occur in the medium term?
videos/Economics/7.mp4
{ "A": "Tight monetary policy suppresses consumption", "B": "The rapid-growing economy and a fiscal surplus", "C": "Uneven development among members and accumulated fiscal deficits", "D": "The unified monetary system enhances policy coordination", "E": "Reduced investment in infrastructure leading to economic...
multiple-choice
validation_518
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyAEbrG4vaI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_debt_crisis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_policy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_debt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_budget_balance" ], "rationale": "The European debt crisis was primarily attributed to une...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/8.mp4
What is the main reason for the debt crisis in the region as shown in the video?
videos/Economics/8.mp4
{ "A": "Cell lysis", "B": "Dormant", "C": "Microbial evolution", "D": "Fission and budding", "E": "Spore formation" }
multiple-choice
validation_520
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFEgB_ytDZY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fission_(biology)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_division", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydra_(genus)" ], "rationale": "Microorganisms reproduce mainly through Fission and budding. Cell divisio...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/13.mp4
What life activities of microorganisms are reflected in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/13.mp4
{ "A": "Bright-field microscopy; it provides high-contrast images of stained specimens, aiding in cell morphology studies.", "B": "Fluorescence microscopy; it allows for the visualization of specific cellular components using fluorescent tags, useful in genetic engineering.", "C": "Electron microscopy; it offers ...
multiple-choice
validation_521
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFEgB_ytDZY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live-cell_imaging", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_microscopy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopy" ], "rationale": "Based on...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/13.mp4
Which microscopy technique is most likely being used, and how does this technique benefit Biomedical Engineering research?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/13.mp4
{ "A": "The clear halos primarily result from endospore formation due to nutrient depletion, which can potentially be inhibited by targeting specific spore germination pathways.", "B": "The halos are caused by extracellular polysaccharide capsule synthesis enhancing virulence, which can be disrupted by inhibiting c...
multiple-choice
validation_522
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFEgB_ytDZY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-contrast_microscopy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeast", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungal" ], "rationale": "Based on the video observations ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/13.mp4
Which of the following explanations best describes the observed phenomenon?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/13.mp4
{ "A": "Basal ganglia", "B": "Lateral geniculate nucleus", "C": "Ventral horn", "D": "Thalamus", "E": "Dorsal root ganglia" }
multiple-choice
validation_524
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeC9RrqgAQg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_geniculate_nucleus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patellar_reflex", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_ganglia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalamus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_root_ganglion", "https://en.wikipedia.org...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/19.mp4
Where is the location of the cell bodies of the sensory neurons for the reflex in this video?
videos/Neurobiology/19.mp4
{ "A": "Right anterior horn cells at cervical and lumbar spinal cord levels", "B": "Left lateral spinothalamic tract at thoracic spinal cord levels", "C": "Left dorsal column nuclei in the medulla oblongata", "D": "Left posterior limb of the internal capsule involving corticospinal and dorsal column pathways", ...
multiple-choice
validation_525
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeC9RrqgAQg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_column%E2%80%93medial_lemniscus_pathway", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_capsule", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decussation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_motor_neuron_lesion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticospinal_tr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/19.mp4
As shown in the video, the doctor conducted two experiments on the patient. In the first experiment, the patient’s response was normal; in the second experiment, the patient’s response was exaggerated. Based on the patient’s physiological signs, what is the most likely location of the lesion?
videos/Neurobiology/19.mp4
{ "A": "100.5 ms", "B": "10.5 ms", "C": "20.5 ms", "D": "31 ms", "E": "41.5 ms" }
multiple-choice
validation_526
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WeC9RrqgAQg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_arc", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmission", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patellar_reflex", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_neuron", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensory_neuron"...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/19.mp4
In the biological process described in the video, assuming all neurons have a conduction velocity of 60 meters per second, each neuron’s axon length is 0.6 meters, and the synaptic delay is 0.5 milliseconds, what is the total time required for the nerve impulse to travel from the receptor to the effector (in millisecon...
videos/Neurobiology/19.mp4
{ "A": "As the temperature decreases, the number of gas molecules remains unchanged, and ultimately the gas volume decreases.", "B": "As the temperature decreases, the gas pressure decreases and ultimately the gas volume decreases.", "C": "As the temperature remains unchanged, the number of gas molecules decrease...
multiple-choice
validation_532
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPJTSPyqBjI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_laws", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle%27s_law" ], "rationale": "According to the video, the work done by the external environment on the gas and...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/5.mp4
Why did the piston position of the final tube drop compared to the initial position?
videos/Thermodynamics/5.mp4
{ "A": "No electrical energy is produced when the strings are plucked.", "B": "All the mechanical energy generated by plucking the strings is converted into heat energy.", "C": "Thermal energy in the air is converted into electrical energy.", "D": "Electrical energy from the electric guitar speaker is converted...
multiple-choice
validation_536
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0NCrLaVqhg&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=20
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday%27s_law_of_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_coil_guitar_pickup", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplifier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_transformation" ],...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/21.mp4
What energy conversion process occurs in the video?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/21.mp4
{ "A": "Four", "B": "Six", "C": "Five", "D": "Seven", "E": "Eight" }
multiple-choice
validation_537
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEMG1HkgAwA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Robotics_for_Manufacturing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-fiber_reinforced_polymer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degrees_of_freedom_(mechanics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_robot" ], "rationale": "The laying proces...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/7.mp4
How many degrees of freedom are involved in the process of automated fiber bundle manufacturing?
videos/Materials_Science/7.mp4
{ "A": "Ensuring exact alignment of fibers to prevent anisotropic properties", "B": "Achieving complete impregnation of fibers with the matrix material to avoid voids", "C": "Preventing thermal degradation of fibers due to excessive heat during processing", "D": "Minimizing residual stresses by controlling cool...
multiple-choice
validation_538
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEMG1HkgAwA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-fiber_reinforced_polymer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_arm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_matrix_composite" ], "rationale": "In the video, the manufacturing process involve...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/7.mp4
Based on the described manufacturing process, which of the following is the most critical challenge to address in order to produce high-quality fiber-reinforced composite materials using this method?
videos/Materials_Science/7.mp4
{ "A": "Gastrointestinal bleeding", "B": "Rhinitis and asthma", "C": "Dermatitis herpetiformis", "D": "Migraine headaches", "E": "Diabetes" }
multiple-choice
validation_542
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D0bKKKmuGPY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermatitis_herpetiformis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_bleeding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/16.mp4
What other symptoms might the person in the video have?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/16.mp4
{ "A": "Type II hypersensitivity reaction involving IgG antibodies targeting cell surface antigens", "B": "Type III hypersensitivity reaction due to immune complex deposition in vessel walls", "C": "Type IV hypersensitivity reaction mediated by sensitized T-helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes", "D": "Type I hypersensiti...
multiple-choice
validation_543
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D0bKKKmuGPY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_allergy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_E", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mast_cell", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hives" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/16.mp4
Based on the symptoms shown in the video, which immune mechanism is most likely responsible for the man’s symptoms?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/16.mp4
{ "A": "Benjamin Whorf", "B": "Noam Chomsky", "C": "Eric Lenneberg", "D": "Roman Jakobson", "E": "Ferdinand de Saussure" }
multiple-choice
validation_545
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7yyYdiNTIo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_relativity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_determinism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Sapir", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Lee_Whorf" ], "rationale": "From the video, it can be seen that it is a linguist who...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/4.mp4
The linguist in this video is the very first who came up with this theory ,who is he?
videos/Literature/4.mp4
{ "A": "George Orwell's '1984'", "B": "James Joyce's 'Ulysses'", "C": "T.S. Eliot's 'The Waste Land'", "D": "Franz Kafka's 'The Metamorphosis'", "E": "Virginia Woolf's 'To the Lighthouse'" }
multiple-choice
validation_546
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7yyYdiNTIo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Waste_Land", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Metamorphosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Orwell", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_the_Lighthouse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four", "https://en.wikipedia.org/...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/4.mp4
Based on the video's depiction, which of the following literary works best exemplifies the theme?
videos/Literature/4.mp4
{ "A": "p53, p16, K-RAS", "B": "p53, K-RAS, p16", "C": "p16, K-RAS, p53", "D": "K-RAS, p53, p16", "E": "K-RAS, p16, p53" }
multiple-choice
validation_547
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-F9wVy676g
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDKN2A", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KRAS", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P53", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumor_progression" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of unlimited cel...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/15.mp4
When the process shown in the video occurs, there are multiple genetic mutations at specific sites, what is their order?
videos/Basic_Medicine/15.mp4
{ "A": "Increases and remains increased", "B": "Decreases and remains decreased", "C": "Increases first, then decreases", "D": "Decreases first, then increases", "E": "Remains the same" }
multiple-choice
validation_551
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eMH07Tghs0&t=30s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_inertia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_around_a_fixed_axis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_velocity" ], "rationale": "Because of conservation of angular momentum, when he...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/22.mp4
How does the angular velocity of the man in the video change?
videos/Mechanics/22.mp4
{ "A": "( omega_f = omega_0 )", "B": "( omega_f = dfrac{I_0}{I_0 + 2mL^2} omega_0 )", "C": "( omega_f = dfrac{I_0 + 2mL^2}{I_0} omega_0 )", "D": "( omega_f = dfrac{I_0 + mL^2}{I_0 + 2mL^2} omega_0 )", "E": "( omega_f = dfrac{I_0}{I_0 + mL^2} omega_0 )" }
multiple-choice
validation_552
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eMH07Tghs0&t=30s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_of_inertia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_velocity" ], "rationale": "The solution uses the conservation of angular momentum, stating angular momentum remains constant without external tor...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/22.mp4
What is his new angular velocity ( omega_f ) in terms of ( I_0 ), ( m ), ( L ), and ( omega_0 )?
videos/Mechanics/22.mp4
{ "A": "When the button is pressed, air flow is generated, and the air pressure causes the iron block to move upward.", "B": "After pressing the button, there is a mechanical device that pulls the iron block upward.", "C": "When the button is pressed, a magnetic field is formed, and the iron block moves upward du...
multiple-choice
validation_554
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsfwVRBZXkI&t=15s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat-shrink_tubing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_heating" ], "rationale": "After the exp...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/6.mp4
Why does the iron block in the video rise?
videos/Thermodynamics/6.mp4
{ "A": "Heating the wire increases its entropy, causing the atoms to move more randomly and the wire to contract.", "B": "The electric current generates a magnetic field around the wire, and the interaction with the metal block induces a lifting force.", "C": "The wire undergoes a phase transition from martensite...
multiple-choice
validation_555
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsfwVRBZXkI&t=15s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_expansion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austenite", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel_titanium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martensite", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape-memory_alloy" ], "rationale": "The wire contracts upo...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/6.mp4
Which of the following thermodynamic explanations best describes the phenomenon shown in the video?
videos/Thermodynamics/6.mp4
{ "A": "Late insomnia", "B": "Middle insomnia", "C": "Initial insomnia", "D": "Sleep onset latency", "E": "Delayed sleep phase syndrome" }
multiple-choice
validation_558
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCCweK0YauA&t=85s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_onset_latency", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_sleep_phase_disorder", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomnia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_disorder" ], "rationale": "The video shows a person tossing and turning in bed, unable ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/18.mp4
What phenomenon is shown in the video?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/18.mp4
{ "A": "Recurrent nightmares involving traumatic events", "B": "Persistent muscle tension and restlessness", "C": "Significant weight loss without dieting", "D": "Compulsive behaviors like repeated checking", "E": "Elevated mood with increased goal-directed activity" }
multiple-choice
validation_559
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCCweK0YauA&t=85s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_anxiety_disorder", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomnia" ], "rationale": "In the video, the person is shown repeatedly experiencing anxious thoughts, such as his boss being angry or failing an e...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/18.mp4
As shown in the video, which physical symptom is this person most likely experiencing?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/18.mp4
{ "A": "Major Depressive Disorder", "B": "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder", "C": "Acute Stress Disorder", "D": "Adjustment Disorder", "E": "Generalized Anxiety Disorder" }
multiple-choice
validation_560
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCCweK0YauA&t=85s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_stress_reaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_anxiety_disorder", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsessive%E2%80%93compulsive_disorder", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjustment_disorder", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_dep...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/18.mp4
Based on the video depiction, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this individual's condition?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/18.mp4
{ "A": "The capacitor supplies power to the light bulb, and the circuit is now connected.", "B": "The power supply supplies power to the light bulb, and the circuit is now a path.", "C": "The power supply supplies power to the light bulb, and the capacitor is in a charged state.", "D": "The power source and the...
multiple-choice
validation_562
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xEGb0JVuNvY&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=16
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC_circuit" ], "rationale": "When the light bulb lights up, the power supply charges the capacitor, and electrons flow through the circuit to form a current. Whe...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/24.mp4
Why does the light bulb flicker in the video?
videos/Electromagnetism/24.mp4
{ "A": "The capacitor charges instantaneously when the switch is closed, and the light bulb operates independently from the capacitor.", "B": "The capacitor charges through the light bulb, which acts as a resistor, causing a gradual increase in voltage across the capacitor while the bulb lights up then goes out dur...
multiple-choice
validation_563
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xEGb0JVuNvY&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=16
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistance_and_conductance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_discharge_ignition", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC_circuit" ], "rationale": "In the electrical circuit experiment describe...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/24.mp4
Which of the following best explains the behavior observed in the circuit?
videos/Electromagnetism/24.mp4
{ "A": "Nine", "B": "Seven", "C": "Six", "D": "Eight", "E": "Five" }
multiple-choice
validation_565
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDgJTQowF-0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degrees_of_freedom_(mechanics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nondestructive_testing" ], "rationale": "The NDT robot in the video is a six-axis robot, capable of six degrees of freedom. The robot's base can als...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/8.mp4
How many degrees of freedom are there in the NDT process?
videos/Materials_Science/8.mp4
{ "A": "Heap sort", "B": "Quick sort", "C": "Merge sort", "D": "Shell sort", "E": "Insertion sort" }
multiple-choice
validation_567
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bkow6IykGM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heap_(data_structure)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heapsort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_sort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm" ], "rationale": "As showed in the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/30.mp4
What kind of sorting algorithm is used in this video?
videos/Computer_Science/30.mp4
{ "A": "The algorithm is a stable sorting algorithm, preserving the relative order of equal elements.", "B": "The algorithm has a worst-case time complexity worse than O(n log n) due to its reliance on heap construction.", "C": "The algorithm requires additional memory proportional to the input size, resulting in...
multiple-choice
validation_568
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bkow6IykGM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heapsort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_sort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-place_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm" ], "rationale": "Heap Sort is not s...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/30.mp4
Based on the behavior of the algorithm as depicted in the video, which of the following statements about the algorithm is true?
videos/Computer_Science/30.mp4
{ "A": "Coronary Heart Disease", "B": "Hypertension", "C": "Parkinson's disease", "D": "Chronic Kidney Disease", "E": "Hyperglycemia" }
multiple-choice
validation_570
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xND-fpeuAVE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_hypertension", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus" ], "rationale": "Hypertension includes several typical symptoms, including nosebleeds...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/16.mp4
What is this disease based on the typical symptoms of a common disease shown in the video?
videos/Basic_Medicine/16.mp4
{ "A": "No. Because the water in the bottle absorbs the energy of the wheel.", "B": "No. Because there is no external source of energy for the wheel.", "C": "Yes. Because the water below provides energy to the wheel.", "D": "Yes. Because wind energy is converted into mechanical energy of the wheel.", "E": "Ye...
multiple-choice
validation_574
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCqVuzcZkJQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_law_of_thermodynamics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_transformation" ], "rationale": "According to the video, the water temperature measured in the experiment is much higher than the outside...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/7.mp4
Can the wheel rotate for a longer period of time and why?
videos/Thermodynamics/7.mp4
{ "A": "The transparent liquid converts its kinetic energy into the kinetic energy of the wheel, causing it to keep spinning.", "B": "The ions in the transparent liquid form a galvanic cell environment, converting electrical energy into the mechanical energy of the wheel.", "C": "The wheel continues to spin due t...
multiple-choice
validation_575
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCqVuzcZkJQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_cycle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_engine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling_engine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_cell" ], "rationale": "The wheel's continued rotation is explained by Option E, where a temper...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/7.mp4
Which of the following explanations best describes how the wheel continues to spin, and what role does the clear liquid play in this process?
videos/Thermodynamics/7.mp4
{ "A": "insertion sort", "B": "heap sort", "C": "merge sort", "D": "selection sort", "E": "quick sort" }
multiple-choice
validation_577
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9AzYf1W4Os
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divide-and-conquer_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quicksort" ], "ra...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/31.mp4
What kind of sorting algorithm is used in the video?
videos/Computer_Science/31.mp4
{ "A": "The algorithm in the video combines sorted subarrays by merging, whereas merge sort partitions the array using a pivot.", "B": "The algorithm in the video has a worst-case time complexity of O(n log n), while merge sort's worst-case time complexity is O(n²).", "C": "The algorithm in the video consistently...
multiple-choice
validation_578
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9AzYf1W4Os
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merge_sort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divide-and-conquer_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quicksort" ], "rationale": "The algorithm in the video is quick sort, as it uses a pivot (e.g...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/31.mp4
Which of the following statements accurately describes a key difference between the sorting algorithm demonstrated in the video and Merge Sort?
videos/Computer_Science/31.mp4
{ "A": "O(n)", "B": "O(n log n)", "C": "O(log n)", "D": "O(n²)", "E": "O(n³)" }
multiple-choice
validation_579
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9AzYf1W4Os
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divide-and-conquer_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_sort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quicksort" ], "rationale": "The vid...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/31.mp4
What is the worst-case time complexity of this algorithm?
videos/Computer_Science/31.mp4
{ "A": "Omeprazole", "B": "Phenytoin", "C": "Lisinopril", "D": "Simvastatin", "E": "Metformin" }
multiple-choice
validation_581
B
https://youtu.be/QIZfdQDA-aQ?si=t_QXNKUFMfKkUIEO
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seizure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticonvulsant", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenytoin" ], "rationale": "The patient in the video collapses and experiences convulsions while playing cards, suggesting symptoms of epilepsy. Lisinopril - a medic...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/16.mp4
Which of the following drugs can relieve and treat this symptom?
videos/Pharmacy/16.mp4
{ "A": "Syndrome", "B": "Neoplasia", "C": "Malformation", "D": "Disruption", "E": "Degeneration" }
multiple-choice
validation_582
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8ilkAgt5yI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_biology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_defect", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_disorder", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphogenesis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiari_malformation" ], "rationale": "The video ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/17.mp4
Which of the following categories does the disease shown in the video belong to?
videos/Basic_Medicine/17.mp4
{ "A": "the same", "B": "half", "C": "twice", "D": "four times", "E": "three times" }
multiple-choice
validation_584
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-sideband_suppressed-carrier_transmission", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_spectrum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(si...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/13.mp4
After modulation how does the bandwidth of the signal change compared to the original?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/13.mp4
{ "A": "The circuit is a pulse width modulator where the duty cycle changes over time, causing the observed waveform transitions.", "B": "The circuit is a square wave generator whose output is being filtered by an RC low-pass filter, smoothing the waveform into a triangle and eventually a sine wave.", "C": "The c...
multiple-choice
validation_585
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_analysis_(electrical_circuits)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscillation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RC_circuit", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscilloscope" ], "rationale": "The video shows the waveform changes displayed on the osci...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/13.mp4
Which of the following is the most plausible explanation for the behavior of the circuit?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/13.mp4
{ "A": "A filter circuit converting a DC signal into an AC signal", "B": "A function generator outputting multiple waveforms sequentially", "C": "A frequency doubler circuit increasing the frequency of the input signal", "D": "An RC relaxation oscillator generates triangular waves, filtered into sine waves", ...
multiple-choice
validation_586
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_(signal_processing)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxation_oscillator", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sine_wave", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrary_waveform_generator" ], "ration...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/13.mp4
Based on the information presented in the video, which of the following best describes the process occurring in the circuit?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/13.mp4
{ "A": "Sodium (Na)", "B": "Magnesium (Mg)", "C": "Lithium (Li)", "D": "Aluminum (Al)", "E": "Iron (Fe)" }
multiple-choice
validation_588
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxqe_ZOwsHs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolphthalein", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemistry" ], "rationale": "Lithium (Li) is the likely element involved. It is soft, reacts with water to p...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/7.mp4
Based on the observations in the video, which element is most likely involved?
videos/Chemistry/7.mp4
{ "A": "Nephroblastomatosis", "B": "Polycystic kidney disease", "C": "Familial juvenile nephronophthisis", "D": "Acquired cystic kidney disease", "E": "Simple cysts" }
multiple-choice
validation_589
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DbDZsws0tA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_kidney_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_cyst" ], "rationale": "The video shows the kidney images of patients with polycystic kidney disea...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/18.mp4
What disease does the video show?
videos/Basic_Medicine/18.mp4
{ "A": "Mutation in the **PKD1** gene encoding polycystin-1 leading to disrupted cell-cell adhesion", "B": "Mutation in the **PKHD1** gene encoding fibrocystin causing defective ciliary function", "C": "Mutation in the **TSC1** gene encoding hamartin resulting in cortical tuber formation", "D": "Deletion of the...
multiple-choice
validation_590
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DbDZsws0tA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_kidney_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_cyst", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystin_1" ], "rationale": "The patient's clinical presentation, including renal and hepatic cysts, hypertension, and family history of end-stage re...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/18.mp4
Which of the following genetic mutations is most likely responsible for this patient's clinical presentation?
videos/Basic_Medicine/18.mp4
{ "A": "The patient is homozygous for a PKD1 mutation.", "B": "The patient is heterozygous for a PKD1 mutation.", "C": "The patient is homozygous for a PKD2 mutation.", "D": "The patient is heterozygous for a PKD2 mutation.", "E": "The patient's genotype cannot be determined." }
multiple-choice
validation_591
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DbDZsws0tA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystic_kidney_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_kidney_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycystin_1" ], "rationale": "The analysis of the patient's age of onset for ESRD compared to PKD1 and PKD2 mutations suggests that genoty...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/18.mp4
Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding this patient's genotype?
videos/Basic_Medicine/18.mp4
{ "A": "The wig gets electric charge from the spherical shell, and different hair strands with the same electric charge repel each other.", "B": "The wig gets electric charges through friction, and different hair strands with the same charge repel each other.", "C": "The strong wind in the environment blows the w...
multiple-choice
validation_592
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtldfxKipJk&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=23
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_electricity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_charge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb%27s_law" ], "rationale": "This phenomenon is caused by the accumulation of charges of the same polarity on the wig. The wig obtains electric char...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/22.mp4
Why does the wig appear as shown in the video?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/22.mp4
{ "A": "The introduced stick causes the hair strands to be grounded; upon contact, the hair strands discharge and revert to their original position.", "B": "The electric field from the stick ionizes the air around the hair strands, allowing electrons to transfer and reverse the charge on the hairs, causing temporar...
multiple-choice
validation_593
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtldfxKipJk&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=23
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff_generator", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_electricity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_(electricity)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_charge" ], "ratio...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/22.mp4
Which of the following best explains the behavior of the hair strands when the stick held in the hand is introduced?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/22.mp4
{ "A": "Gravitational methods", "B": "Resistivity methods", "C": "Electromagnetic methods", "D": "Seismic methods", "E": "Ground-penetrating radar" }
multiple-choice
validation_596
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QqiNYA0KQA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground-penetrating_radar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seismic_refraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_tomography", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_seismology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_explora...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/19.mp4
Which method is used for indirect exploration of subsurface conditions
videos/Civil_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "Exploration for hydrocarbon deposits to support offshore oil and gas development.", "B": "Mapping of seabed habitats to enhance marine biodiversity conservation efforts.", "C": "Assessment of potential sites for submarine cable routing for telecommunications infrastructure.", "D": "Planning of dredging ...
multiple-choice
validation_597
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QqiNYA0KQA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_seismology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dredging", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshore_drilling", "https:/...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/19.mp4
Based on the marine survey described in the video, which engineering application is most likely the primary objective of this physical exploration to ensure safe and efficient project planning in the marine environment?
videos/Civil_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "2:1", "B": "30:9", "C": "3:1", "D": "4:3", "E": "21:9" }
multiple-choice
validation_599
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6dOxV0HjUA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmmaking", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" ], "rationale": "As we can see from the video, this clip is taken from the movie 'The Grand Budapest Hotel', and the content of th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/7.mp4
What kind of size of screen is best fit for the movie showed in the video?
videos/Art/7.mp4
{ "A": "Christopher Nolan", "B": "Stanley Kubrick", "C": "Martin Scorsese", "D": "Tim Burton", "E": "Wes Anderson" }
multiple-choice
validation_600
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6dOxV0HjUA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenic_design", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wes_Anderson" ], "rationale": "The described hotel lobby scene, known for meticulous set designs, vibrant colors, symmetry, and quirky characters, al...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/7.mp4
Which director most likely directed the film?
videos/Art/7.mp4
{ "A": "Art Nouveau", "B": "Art Deco", "C": "Bauhaus", "D": "Surrealism", "E": "Gothic Revival" }
multiple-choice
validation_601
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6dOxV0HjUA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_film", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interior_design", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Deco" ], "rationale": "An excerpt from the movie “The Grand Budapest Hotel” is shown in the video...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/7.mp4
Which artistic and design movement is most prominently reflected in the film's production design?
videos/Art/7.mp4
{ "A": "Cellulose", "B": "Fats", "C": "Gelatin", "D": "Metal alloys", "E": "Glass" }
multiple-choice
validation_603
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uf0uEWGWLgg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocompatibility" ], "rationale": "Gelatin is a protein derived from the hydrolysis of collagen, which breaks down proteins i...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/14.mp4
What material production process is shown in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/14.mp4
{ "A": "Type I Hypersensitivity (Immediate, IgE-mediated)", "B": "Type II Hypersensitivity (Antibody-mediated cytotoxic)", "C": "Type III Hypersensitivity (Immune complex-mediated)", "D": "Type IV Hypersensitivity (Delayed-type, T-cell mediated)", "E": "Type VI Hypersensitivity (Antibody-dependent cell-mediat...
multiple-choice
validation_606
A
https://youtu.be/M_qeE5BsynY?si=1myMdPmZGW_iB2_z
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side_effects_of_penicillin" ], "rationale": "In foundation construction, the pressure from a plate compactor is modeled as a rectangular load due to its plate...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/17.mp4
Based on the procedure described in the video, which type of hypersensitivity reaction is most likely being assessed?
videos/Pharmacy/17.mp4
{ "A": "mRNA transcript", "B": "tRNA", "C": "ribosome", "D": "DNA polymerase", "E": "amino acid" }
multiple-choice
validation_608
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCp9IK6iBTo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_polymerase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_RNA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome" ], "rationale": "The ribosome is at work. The video reveals how the ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule, capturing matching tRNA molecules and usi...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/5.mp4
In this video, what type of molecular is NOT referred to be involved in the process?
videos/Biology/5.mp4
{ "A": "mRNA transcript", "B": "tRNA", "C": "DNA polymerase", "D": "rRNA", "E": "amino acid" }
multiple-choice
validation_609
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCp9IK6iBTo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_RNA", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_(biology)" ], "rationale": "The video reveals how the ribosome moves along the mRNA molecule, captures the matching tRNA molecules, and uses them to link...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/5.mp4
In this video, what type of molecular is NOT referred to be involved in the shown process?
videos/Biology/5.mp4
{ "A": "Low-key lighting to create a sense of suspense", "B": "High-key lighting to produce even illumination", "C": "Three-point lighting to highlight the subject", "D": "Flood lighting to eliminate shadows", "E": "Underlighting to create a grotesque effect" }
multiple-choice
validation_610
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NglLSSNHXY4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinematic_techniques", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-key_lighting" ], "rationale": "The scene's dimly lit setting, tense atmosphere, and dramatic elements suggest low-key lighting is employed to enhance suspense. This technique uses minimal lighting to ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/8.mp4
Which of the following lighting techniques is most likely being used to enhance the mood of the scene?
videos/Art/8.mp4