input stringlengths 2 807 | output dict | schema listlengths 0 0 |
|---|---|---|
DPP6 as a candidate gene for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
We implemented a two-step approach to detect potential predictor gene variants for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) in schizophrenic subjects. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
First, we screened associations by using a genome-wide (Illumina HumanHapCNV370) SNP array in 61 Japanese schizophrenia patients with treatment-resistant TD and 61 Japanese schizophrenia patients without TD. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Next, we performed a replication analysis in 36 treatment-resistant TD and 138 non-TD subjects. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
An association of an SNP in the DPP6 (dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein-6) gene, rs6977820, the most promising association identified by the screen, was significant in the replication sample (allelic P = 0. 008 in the replication sample, allelic P = 4. 6 x 10 (-6), odds ratio 2. 32 in the combined sample). | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The SNP is located in intron-1 of the DPP6 gene and the risk allele was associated with decreased DPP6 gene expression in the human postmortem prefrontal cortex. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Chronic administration of haloperidol increased Dpp6 expression in mouse brains. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "haloperidol",
"start": 26,
"end": 37
}
]
}
} | [] |
DPP6 is an auxiliary subunit of Kv4 and regulates the properties of Kv4, which regulates the activity of dopaminergic neurons. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The findings of this study indicate that an altered response of Kv4/DPP6 to long-term neuroleptic administration is involved in neuroleptic-induced TD. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Nanosilver effects on growth parameters in experimental aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Aflatoxicosis is a cause of economic losses in broiler production. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
In this study, the effect of one commercial nanocompound, Nanocid (Nano Nasb Pars Co., Iran) was evaluated in reduction of aflatoxin effects on the growth and performance indices in broiler chickens suffering from experimental aflatoxicosis. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "aflatoxin",
"start": 123,
"end": 132
}
]
}
} | [] |
For this, a total of 300 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross strain) were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates of 15 chicks in each separated pen during the 28-day experiment. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Treatment groups including group A: chickens fed basal diet, group B: chickens fed 3 ppm productive aflatoxin in basal diet, group C: chickens fed basal diet plus 2500 ppm Nanocid, and group D: chickens fed 3 ppm productive aflatoxin and 2500 ppm Nanocid, in basal diet. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "aflatoxin",
"start": 100,
"end": 109
},
{
"text": "aflatoxin",
"start": 224,
"end": 233
}
]
}
} | [] |
Data on body weight, body weight gain (BWG), feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded at weekly intervals. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Also cumulative data were assessed. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Results showed, although supplement of Nanocid to conventional diet had no effect on performance but addition of Nanocid to diet containing 3 ppm aflatoxin increased significantly the cumulative BWG, cumulative feed consumption and decreased FCR in the last 2 weeks of experimental period. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "aflatoxin",
"start": 146,
"end": 155
}
]
}
} | [] |
The improvement in these performance indices by supplement of Nanocid to diet containing aflatoxin showed the ability of Nanocid to diminish the inhibitory effects of aflatoxin. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "aflatoxin",
"start": 89,
"end": 98
},
{
"text": "aflatoxin",
"start": 167,
"end": 176
}
]
}
} | [] |
The influence of the intensity of smoking and years of work in the metallurgy on pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in the blood of smelters. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking and occupational exposure to heavy metals on the degree of pro-oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in smelters. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The investigations were performed on the blood and urine of 400 subjects: 300 male copper smelters and 100 nonexposed male subjects. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "copper",
"start": 83,
"end": 89
}
]
}
} | [] |
Biological material was divided into three groups: nonsmokers, those who smoked less than 20 cigarettes a day and those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes a day. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The results showed a significant increase in the concentration of lead, cadmium and arsenic in the blood and urine of smelters, while smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day caused a further increase in the concentration of these metals. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "cadmium",
"start": 72,
"end": 79
},
{
"text": "arsenic",
"start": 84,
"end": 91
}
]
}
} | [] |
The level of malondialdehyde was approximately twofold higher in the plasma of the smelters compared to the control group. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "malondialdehyde",
"start": 13,
"end": 28
}
]
}
} | [] |
We have observed a disturbance in the level of antioxidants in erythrocyte lysate manifested by an increase in metallothionein and glutathione concentrations as well as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and the decrease in glutathione S-transferase activity. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "glutathione",
"start": 131,
"end": 142
},
{
"text": "superoxide",
"start": 169,
"end": 179
},
{
"text": "glutathione",
"start": 194,
"end": 205
},
{
"t... | [] |
Cigarette smoking, years of work in metallurgy and age of smelters were additional factors significantly affecting the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Mercury induces the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Mercury",
"start": 0,
"end": 7
},
{
"text": "nitric oxide",
"start": 65,
"end": 77
}
]
}
} | [] |
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a transcription factor that mediates the inducible expression of a variety of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
NF-kappa B activation induces numerous proinflammatory gene products including cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "nitric oxide",
"start": 130,
"end": 142
}
]
}
} | [] |
The divalent heavy metal mercury has been used for thousands of years. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "mercury",
"start": 25,
"end": 32
}
]
}
} | [] |
Although mercury is clearly toxic to most mammalian organ systems, especially the immune system, exposure has still increased in some areas of the world. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "mercury",
"start": 9,
"end": 16
}
]
}
} | [] |
However, the underlying toxic mechanism is not clearly identified. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Here, we report biochemical evidence that mercury alone induces NF-kappa B activation, resulting in the induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "mercury",
"start": 42,
"end": 49
}
]
}
} | [] |
The results suggest that mercury can induce inflammatory diseases by lowering host defense. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "mercury",
"start": 25,
"end": 32
}
]
}
} | [] |
Toxic effects of chromium on tannery workers at Sialkot (Pakistan). | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "chromium",
"start": 17,
"end": 25
}
]
}
} | [] |
Chromium is widely used in the leather industry, and tannery workers are under constant threat of adverse health effects due to its excessive exposure. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Chromium",
"start": 0,
"end": 8
}
]
}
} | [] |
Our objective was to find out the toxic effects of chromium on tannery workers at Sialkot, Pakistan. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "chromium",
"start": 51,
"end": 59
}
]
}
} | [] |
A total of 240 males consisting of 120 workers from tanneries at Sialkot and equal number of controls were included. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Blood complete counts, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde and routine biochemical tests were carried out by routine procedures. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "malondialdehyde",
"start": 58,
"end": 73
}
]
}
} | [] |
Chromium levels in blood (BCr) and urine were analyzed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer Perkin Elmer analyst-200. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Chromium",
"start": 0,
"end": 8
},
{
"text": "graphite",
"start": 61,
"end": 69
}
]
}
} | [] |
Results revealed that all the workers were male with average age of 33 years and 15 (13%) had skin rashes, 14 (12%) had chronic bronchitis, 10 (8%) had gastritis and 4 (3%) conjunctivitis. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The tannery workers had significantly raised median (interquartile range) of BCr 569 (377-726) nmol/L as compared to 318 (245-397) nmol/L in the control (p < 0. 001). | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Sixty-five (54%) workers had BCr levels above the upper limit set by Agency for Toxic Substance and Drug Registry. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The urinary chromium excretion was significantly high in workers 131 (46-312) nmol/L as compared to 13 (3-26) nmol/L in controls (p < 0. 01). | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "chromium",
"start": 12,
"end": 20
}
]
}
} | [] |
The workers had hematological, hepatic and renal function impairment because of oxidative stress on body systems. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
It is concluded that about half of the workers had excessive exposure to chromium in the tanneries at Sialkot. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "chromium",
"start": 73,
"end": 81
}
]
}
} | [] |
They had significantly raised chromium levels in their biological fluids and adverse health effects due to enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory changes. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "chromium",
"start": 30,
"end": 38
}
]
}
} | [] |
Fish, contaminants and human health: quantifying and weighing benefits and risks. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
This paper describes a quantitative risk-benefit assessment of fish consumption. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
We compare the net health effect expressed in DALYs of two scenarios. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The reference scenario is the current fish intake of the Dutch population, which is less than what is recommended by the health authorities. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The alternative scenario describes the health effects if the population consumes 200g of fish per week, which is close to the recommendation. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
All health effects due to fish consumption for which there is convincing evidence are incorporated in the assessment. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The QALIBRA software (www. qalibra. eu) is used to simulate the two scenarios. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The results show there is a net benefit for the population if it consumes 200g of fish each week. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Protective effect of honey against cigarette smoke induced-impaired sexual behavior and fertility of male rats. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Cigarette smoking is associated with sexual dysfunction and impaired fertility in males. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The aim of this study was to determine the potential protective effect of honey against the toxic effect of cigarette smoke (CS) on sexual behavior and fertility of male rats. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Thirty-two adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (8 rats/group) as control, honey (H), CS and H plus CS (H + CS) groups. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Rats in control and CS groups received oral administration of distilled water daily while rats in H and H + CS groups received honey (1. 2 g/kg body weight/day) by oral gavage. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Rats in CS and H + CS groups were also exposed to CS for 8 min 3 times/day. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
From 10 to 13 weeks of treatment, each male rat was cohabited with 3 untreated female rats for sexual behavioral and reproductive performance studies. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Honey significantly increased the percentages of rats achieving intromission and ejaculation as well as increased mating and fertility indexes of male rats exposed to CS. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Thus, honey has a protective effect against CS-induced impaired sexual behavior and fertility in male rats. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Allelopathic activity studies of Mikania scandens. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Preliminary investigation of a number of plant extracts for allelopathic activity using seed germination inhibition bioassay showed a promising activity of the water extract of the aerial parts of Mikania scandens. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Activity-guided fractionation of the M. scandens extract led to the isolation of the highly allelopathic active compound mikanolide, with minimum inhibitory concentration of 0. 083 micro M mL (-1). | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "mikanolide",
"start": 121,
"end": 131
}
]
}
} | [] |
As M. scandens is a highly abundant invasive plant in Sri Lanka and other South Asian countries, this plant could be developed as an environment friendly natural herbicide, either in crude form as shredded plant material or as pure mikanolide, which is the major constituent (~ 0. 02%) in the plant. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "mikanolide",
"start": 232,
"end": 242
}
]
}
} | [] |
Detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different types of processed foods. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons",
"start": 13,
"end": 45
}
]
}
} | [] |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAHs), particularly those with a high molecular weight, have been classified as probable carcinogens to humans. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons",
"start": 0,
"end": 32
},
{
"text": "PCAHs",
"start": 34,
"end": 39
}
]
}
} | [] |
The aim of the present study is to determine the levels of PCAHs in samples of meat, fish, chicken, fried potato, and toasted bread, which will be thermally processed using conventional and microwave ovens. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "PCAHs",
"start": 59,
"end": 64
}
]
}
} | [] |
Different samples will be collected and analyzed for five PCAHs including pyrene, benzo (a) anthracene, benzo (e) pyrene, benzoflouroanthene, and benzo (a) pyrene. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "PCAHs",
"start": 58,
"end": 63
},
{
"text": "pyrene",
"start": 74,
"end": 80
},
{
"text": "benzo (a) anthracene",
"start": 82,
"end": 102
},
{
"text": ... | [] |
The analytical method involves saponification with methanolic potassium hydroxide, extraction with cyclohexane, and determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "methanolic potassium hydroxide",
"start": 51,
"end": 81
},
{
"text": "cyclohexane",
"start": 99,
"end": 110
}
]
}
} | [] |
The obtained results showed that there is a variation in the detected PCAHs in different foodstuffs. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "PCAHs",
"start": 70,
"end": 75
}
]
}
} | [] |
Fried potato processed by conventional oven or microwave oven showed none of the selected studied PCAHs. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "PCAHs",
"start": 98,
"end": 103
}
]
}
} | [] |
It was found that, chicken showed higher content levels of total PCAHs than the meat and fish. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "PCAHs",
"start": 65,
"end": 70
}
]
}
} | [] |
Data are the highest mean concentrations of fluoranthene and benzo (a) pyrene but within low limit. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "fluoranthene",
"start": 44,
"end": 56
},
{
"text": "benzo (a) pyrene",
"start": 61,
"end": 77
}
]
}
} | [] |
The obtained results were compared with international permissible levels to avoid pollution, which may cause hazardous effects on individual and society. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Effect of Thiovit (R) Jet on the structure of thoracic microtrichia/trichomes in Drosophila melanogaster. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Thiovit",
"start": 10,
"end": 17
}
]
}
} | [] |
Widely used fungicides and pesticides are known to have profound effect on several nontarget organisms, which is a cause of concern. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The present study aims to demonstrate the effect of a fungicide, Thiovit ((R)) Jet on the structure of epidermal microtrichia (trichome) of the dorsal thorax in Drosophila melanogaster. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Thiovit",
"start": 65,
"end": 72
}
]
}
} | [] |
External morphology and structural variations of thoracic appendages have been extensively studied using scanning electron microscope from flies treated with different concentrations of Thiovit Jet (20, 30, 40 or 200 mu g/ml). | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Thiovit",
"start": 186,
"end": 193
}
]
}
} | [] |
Similar to the effect of other fungicides like captan and captafol which are reported to produce somatic mutations in the same organism, the present study successfully demonstrates variation in the trichome/microtrichia structure of the dorsal thorax of D. melanogaster. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "captan",
"start": 47,
"end": 53
},
{
"text": "captafol",
"start": 58,
"end": 66
}
]
}
} | [] |
Structural variations were observed to be associated with different concentrations of Thiovit Jet (30, 40 and 200 mu g/ml), but the maximum notable change was found with 40 mu g/ml treatment. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "Thiovit",
"start": 86,
"end": 93
}
]
}
} | [] |
The gross abnormality in the trichome structure may be due to mutation in proteins associated with normal cuticular deposition. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Screening of immunomodulatory activity of total and protein extracts of some Moroccan medicinal plants. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Herbal and traditional medicines are being widely used in practice in many countries for their benefits of treating different ailments. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
A large number of plants in Morocco were used in folk medicine to treat immune-related disorders. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The objective of this study is to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of protein extracts (PEs) of 14 Moroccan medicinal plants. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
This activity was tested on the proliferation of immune cells. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The prepared total and PEs of the plant samples were tested using MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on the splenocytes with or without stimulation by concanavalin-A (Con-A), a mitogenic agent used as positive control. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "MTT",
"start": 66,
"end": 69
},
{
"text": "3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide",
"start": 71,
"end": 132
}
]
}
} | [] |
The results of this study indicated different activity spectra. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Three groups of activities were observed. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The first group represented by Citrullus colocynthis, Urtica dioica, Elettaria cardamomum, Capparis spinosa and Piper cubeba showed a significant immunosuppressive activity. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The second group that showed a significant immunostimulatory activity was represented by Aristolochia longa, Datura stramonium, Marrubium vulgare, Sinapis nigra, Delphynium staphysagria, Lepidium sativum, Ammi visnaga and Tetraclinis articulata. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The rest of the plant extracts did not alter the proliferation induced by Con-A. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
This result was more important for the PE than for the total extract. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
In conclusion, this study revealed an interesting immunomodulating action of certain PEs, which could explain their traditional use. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
The results of this study may also have implications in therapeutic treatment of infections, such as prophylactic and adjuvant with cancer chemotherapy. | {
"entities": {}
} | [] |
Determination of three steroidal saponins from Ophiopogon japonicus (Liliaceae) via high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. | {
"entities": {
"chemical": [
{
"text": "steroidal saponins",
"start": 23,
"end": 41
}
]
}
} | [] |
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