instruction stringlengths 5 1.05k | output stringlengths 6 22.3k | input stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|
what is a valoren number | a valoren number is an identification number assigned to financial instruments in switzerland these numbers are similar to the cusip numbers that are used in canada and the u s a typical valoren number is between six to nine digits in length | |
how a valoren number works | a valoren number is a numeric code that intrinsically has no meaning when a new valoren is needed the next one from the list is simply allocated an instrument s number indicates nothing about the instrument itself market data firms and other financial institutions throughout europe typically refer to swiss companies an... | |
what is valuable papers insurance | valuable papers insurance is a special type of property casualty insurance valuable papers insurance reimburses the policyholder for the monetary value of any valuable papers such as wills trusts or corporate charters that are lost for any reason though it cannot actually replace these papers it is often purchased by c... | |
what is and isn t covered | valuable papers policies are used for businesses that rely on highly sensitive documents such as medical records contracts accounting data or blueprints since these documents may be essential to a company s business operations a valuable papers policy can offset the losses if they are damaged or lost most insurance pol... | |
what is covered by valuable papers business insurance | valuable papers insurance covers the loss or damage of important papers such as medical records contracts property deeds blueprints or any other important documents valuable papers insurance generally does not cover the loss of money securities certificates or electronic records | |
what is a monoline policy | a monoline policy is an insurance policy that only covers one specific type of risk for example some monoline insurers may specialize in whole life insurance auto insurance or specific types of property | |
how can i insure my electronic documents | electronic documents can be insured through a separate endorsement called a data loss policy these policies cover traditional sources of damage such as fire or flooding as well as hacking viruses and hard drive crashes however such policies typically do not cover wear and tear or losses due to improper file storage 1 | |
what is valuation | valuation is the analytical process of determining the current or projected worth of an asset or company many techniques are used for doing a valuation among other metrics an analyst placing a value on a company looks at the business s management the composition of its capital structure the prospect of future earnings ... | |
how earnings affect valuation | the earnings per share eps formula is stated as earnings available to common shareholders divided by the number of common stock shares outstanding eps is an indicator of company profit because the more earnings a company can generate per share the more valuable each share is to investors analysts also use the price to ... | |
what is an example of valuation | a common example of valuation is a company s market capitalization this takes the share price of a company and multiplies it by the total shares outstanding a company s market capitalization would be 20 million if its share price is 10 and the company has two million shares outstanding | |
how do you calculate valuation | you can calculate valuation in many ways they ll differ based on what s being valued and when a common calculation in valuing a business involves determining the fair value of all of its assets minus all of its liabilities this is an asset based calculation | |
what is the purpose of valuation | the purpose of valuation is to determine the worth of an asset or company and compare that to the current market price this is done for a variety of reasons such as bringing on investors selling the company purchasing the company selling off assets or portions of the business the exit of a partner or inheritance purpos... | |
what is valuation analysis | valuation analysis is a process to estimate the approximate value or worth of an asset whether its a business equity fixed income security commodity real estate or other assets the analyst may use different approaches to valuation analysis for different types of assets but the common thread will be looking at the under... | |
how valuation analysis is used | the output of valuation analysis can take many forms it can be a single number such as a company having a valuation of approximately 5 billion or it could be a range of numbers if the value of an asset is largely dependent on a variable that often fluctuates such as a corporate bond with a high duration having a valuat... | |
what is a valuation clause | the term valuation clause refers to a provision in some insurance policies that specifies the amount of money the policyholder will receive from the insurance provider if a covered hazard event occurs this clause stipulates a fixed amount to be paid in the event of a loss for an insured property there are several types... | |
why are valuation clauses important | valuation clauses are provisions that insurers put into insurance contracts they inform the insured party how much they receive if they file a claim these clauses can range in type from the actual cash value to the replacement cost value among others in areas other than insurance they indicate the value of assets that ... | |
do valuation clauses only apply to the insurance sector | no although they are very common in insurance valuation clauses are also applied in different types of business contracts they may be used in corporate mergers and acquisitions m a distributions and licensing agreements valuation clauses are put into place in order to determine the value of assets between two or more p... | |
what effects do valuation clauses have on insurance claims | valuation clauses have a big impact on insurance claims they indicate the type of valuation method that an insurance company uses to reimburse their clients when a claim is filed these methods include actual cash replacement cost stated value agreed value and market value since they are written into the contract policy... | |
what is a valuation mortality table | a valuation mortality table is a statistical chart used by insurance companies to help calculate the statutory reserve and cash surrender values of life insurance policies a mortality table shows the death rate at any given age based on the number of deaths that occur for every thousand individuals of that age it provi... | |
how mortality tables work | section 7520 of the internal revenue code requires the use of a set of actuarial tables for valuing annuities life estates remainders and reversions for most purposes under title 26 of the u s code 3 these tables are available on the irs website the commissioners standard ordinary cso mortality table prepared by the na... | |
what benefits would knowing my actuarial age provide | consumers can use online calculators to get a rough estimate of their own actuarial age this can give you a rough idea of how an insurance company will approach pricing your policy it can also be useful in financial planning and when making such decisions as when you should begin collecting social security you can use ... | |
how often are mortality tables updated | the irs updates its actuarial tables every 10 years the current table based on 2010 data became effective in may 2023 7 however naic and sac update their tables less frequently most recently transitioning from 2001 to 2017 cso tables for all new products sold | |
what is a normal mortality rate | the 2021 mortality rate in the united states was 835 4 deaths per 100 000 people this meant an average life expectancy of 76 1 years however your expected mortality changes as you get older the life expectancy for a 65 year old was 83 4 years in 2021 8the bottom linevaluation mortality tables are tools used by insuranc... | |
what is a valuation period | the valuation period is the interval at the end of a given period of time during which value is determined for variable investment options valuation is the calculation of a product s value and is typically done by appraisers at the end of each business day understanding the valuation periodthe valuation period applies ... | |
what is annuity due | an annuity due is when the payment is required at the beginning of the period the most common example is when a landlord requires rent to be paid at the beginning of the rental cycle a different more complicated example would be a whole life annuity due where an insurance company requires payments at the beginning of e... | |
what is the difference between an annuity due and an ordinary annuity | the main difference between an annuity due and an ordinary annuity is when the payments are required annuity due payments are required at the beginning of the period whereas an ordinary annuity requires the payment at the end annuity due payments tend to favor the recipient as it provides them access to capital at the ... | |
what is the valuation of a corporation | the valuation of a corporation is different from an annuity valuation there are many more facets that must be considered when valuing a corporation such as assets debts revenues the potential for expansion and others a corporation can be valued to determine a fair stock price when paying out equity to shareholders or w... | |
what is an annuity period | an annuity period is when the annuity starts making payments to the investor this is different from the accumulation period of an annuity which is when the investor is making payments on the annuity | |
what is a valuation premium | a valuation premium is a life insurance calculation that determines the charges for premiums based on the company s liabilities insurance companies charge monthly premiums or fees to their policyholders and in exchange provide financial coverage for an event such as death the premiums that are collected from their cust... | |
when determining the valuation premium the insurance company must ensure that it has adequate policy reserves to cover payouts such as a death benefit an insurance company s policy reserve represents today s value or the present value of all of the future cash flows or premiums it s due to receive the total amount of l... | understanding a valuation premiumlife insurance is a contract between an insurer and a policyholder in which the insurance company guarantees payment of a death benefit to named beneficiaries upon the death of the insured the insurance company promises a death benefit in consideration of the payment of premiums by the ... | |
what is a valuation reserve | valuation reserves are assets that insurance companies set aside per state law to mitigate the risk of declines in the value of investments they hold they function as a hedge to an investment portfolio and ensure that an insurance company remains solvent because policies such as life insurance health insurance and vari... | |
what is value | value is the monetary material or assessed worth of an asset good or service value is attached to a myriad of concepts including shareholder value the value of a firm fair value and market value some of the terms are well known business jargon and some are formal terms for accounting and auditing standards of reporting... | |
when investors calculate the valuation of a company and its stock price they re essentially comparing how much earnings are generated as a result of another financial metric within the company | for example one might want to know how much earnings are generated as a result of outstanding shares of stock which is called earnings per share eps remember stock and debt issuance are used by companies to raise funds to invest in the business investors want to know how effectively the management team is using those f... | |
what does value mean in real estate | value in real estate refers to the worth of a property whether that be a home or land as determined by the amount that the seller and buyer agree upon value in real estate is only determined when the buyer and seller agree upon a price the price may be affected by variables such as property taxes the community the curr... | |
what is absolute value | absolute value refers to the value of a number without regard to whether it is positive or negative it is simply the distance from zero that a number sits for example both 5 and 5 have an absolute value of 5 | |
what is a value stock | a value stock is one whose share price is trading below what a fundamental analysis would otherwise indicate if an analysis of a company s fundamentals such as its earnings dividends cash flow operating income and so on indicates that its stock should be trading at a specific price and the share price is below that num... | |
what is value | value is the monetary material or assessed worth of an asset good or service value is attached to a myriad of concepts including shareholder value the value of a firm fair value and market value some of the terms are well known business jargon and some are formal terms for accounting and auditing standards of reporting... | |
when investors calculate the valuation of a company and its stock price they re essentially comparing how much earnings are generated as a result of another financial metric within the company | for example one might want to know how much earnings are generated as a result of outstanding shares of stock which is called earnings per share eps remember stock and debt issuance are used by companies to raise funds to invest in the business investors want to know how effectively the management team is using those f... | |
what does value mean in real estate | value in real estate refers to the worth of a property whether that be a home or land as determined by the amount that the seller and buyer agree upon value in real estate is only determined when the buyer and seller agree upon a price the price may be affected by variables such as property taxes the community the curr... | |
what is absolute value | absolute value refers to the value of a number without regard to whether it is positive or negative it is simply the distance from zero that a number sits for example both 5 and 5 have an absolute value of 5 | |
what is a value stock | a value stock is one whose share price is trading below what a fundamental analysis would otherwise indicate if an analysis of a company s fundamentals such as its earnings dividends cash flow operating income and so on indicates that its stock should be trading at a specific price and the share price is below that num... | |
what is a value added monthly index vami | a value added monthly index vami tracks the monthly performance of a hypothetical 1 000 investment assuming reinvestment over a period of time understanding a value added monthly index vami a value added monthly index charts the total return gained by an investor over a specified period of time it includes capital gain... | |
what is a value added network van | a value added network van is a private hosted service that provides companies with a secure way to send and share data with its counterparties value added networks were a common way to facilitate electronic data interchange edi between companies as the internet created competition for this service with the advent of se... | |
how a value added network van works | value added networks are generally used by large companies for efficient supply chain management with their suppliers or by industry consortiums or telecommunications companies vans usually operate in a mailbox setting wherein a company sends a transaction to a van and the van places it in the receiver s mailbox the re... | |
what is a value added reseller var | a value added reseller is a firm that enhances the value of third party products by adding customized products or services for resale to end users value added resellers play a prominent role in the information technology it industry providing additional hardware installation services consulting troubleshooting or other... | |
what is a value added tax vat | the term value added tax vat refers to a consumption tax on goods and services levied at each stage of the supply chain where value is added as such a vat is added from the initial production of goods and services to the point of sale the amount of vat the user pays is based on the cost of the product minus any costs o... | |
what does a value added tax do | a value added tax is a flat tax levied on an item it is similar to a sales tax in some respects except that with a sales tax the full amount owed to the government is paid by the consumer at the point of sale with a vat portions of the tax amount are paid by different parties to a transaction | |
does the united states have a value added tax | no the united states has no vat the federal government raises money primarily through the income tax system the states and local governments establish and collect their own sales taxes local governments rely primarily on property taxes who benefits from a vat and who doesn t wealthier consumers could ultimately come ou... | |
does the u s impose a vat | the only major economy without vat is the united states this is because each state in the u s has its own sales tax regime with some cities or counties additionally levying a sales tax rather than a federal sales tax a vat system in the u s would require agreement and close coordination among all 50 states in order to ... | |
what is value at risk var | value at risk var is a statistic that quantifies the extent of possible financial losses within a firm portfolio or position over a specific time frame this metric is most commonly used by investment and commercial banks to determine the extent and probabilities of potential losses in their institutional portfolios ris... | |
what is the value at risk var formula | you can use several different methods with different formulas to calculate var but the simplest method to manually calculate var is the historical method in this case m is the number of days from which historical data is taken and vi is the number of variables on day i value at risk formula using the historical method ... | |
what is the difference between value at risk var and standard deviation | value at risk var is a measure of the potential loss that an asset portfolio or firm might experience over a given period of time standard deviation on the other hand measures how much returns vary over time it is a measure of volatility in the market the smaller the standard deviation the lower an investment s risk an... | |
what is marginal value at risk var | marginal var is a calculation of the additional risk that a new investment position will add to a portfolio or a firm it is simply an estimate of the change in the total amount of risk not the precise amount of risk that a position is adding to or subtracting from the whole portfolio that more precise measurement is kn... | |
what is value averaging | value averaging va is an investing strategy that works like dollar cost averaging dca in terms of making steady monthly contributions but differs in its approach to the amount of each monthly contribution in value averaging the investor sets a target growth rate or an amount of their asset base or portfolio each month ... | |
what is value based pricing | value based pricing is a strategy of setting prices primarily based on a consumer s perceived value of a product or service value based pricing is customer focused meaning companies base their pricing on how much the customer believes a product is worth value based pricing is different from cost plus pricing which fact... | |
what is the opposite of value based pricing | value based pricing focuses on providing the greatest value for the highest price that customers are willing to pay the opposite strategy is cost based pricing which focuses on providing the lowest price possible while still making a profit value based pricing models tend to work well with luxury brands and well differ... | |
what are two types of value based pricing | value based pricing can be applied to a wide range of products but two of the most common are luxury fashion items and consumer staples such as milk | |
what are the advantages of value based pricing | value based pricing can allow a seller to increase the price of an item to the highest level that customers will be willing to pay it can help to promote customer and brand loyalty it can also help to drive innovations in future products based on greater knowledge of the features that customers value the most the botto... | |
what is a value chain | a value chain is a series of consecutive steps that go into the creation of a finished product from its initial design to its arrival at a customer s door the chain identifies each step in the process at which value is added including the sourcing manufacturing and marketing stages of its production a company conducts ... | |
what is a value chain vs a supply chain | a supply chain is the system and resources needed to move a product or service from supplier to customer a value chain expands on this also taking into consideration how value is added along the chain | |
what are the steps to value chain analysis | according to harvard business school the steps in value chain analysis are can the value chain span the globe yes the term global value chain refers to production broken into activities and tasks carried out in different countries a global value chain is carried out by a transnational corporation an enterprise composed... | |
what is a value change | the term value change refers to a daily adjustment made to the price of a company s stock this change reflects the number of outstanding shares issued and currently held by investors this figure is updated on a daily basis since the number of shares held by investors changes daily this number can be updated every day t... | |
how value changes work | people often confuse a stock s value with its price it s common for individuals to believe they re one and the same while that s true to a certain degree there are some key differences between the two the price of a stock indicates its current or present value in the market put simply it indicates what the stock trades... | |
a value date is a future date that is used for determining the present value of a product or security that fluctuates in price it is the date at which funds assets or money s value becomes effective typically value dates are used in determining the payment of financial products and accounts where there is a possibility... | in forex markets the value date may be referred to as the valuta where it may also be used to describe the value of one currency expressed in terms of its exchange rate with another value date in banking | |
when a payee presents a check to the bank the bank credits the payee s account however it could take days until the bank receives the funds from the payor s bank assuming the payor and payee have accounts with different financial institutions if the payee has access to the funds immediately the receiving bank runs the ... | likewise when a wire transfer is made from an account in one bank to an account in another bank the value date is the date on which the incoming wire becomes available to the receiving bank and its customer value date in trading | |
when there is a possibility for discrepancies due to differences in the timing of asset valuation the value date is used in forex trading the value date is regarded as the delivery date on which counterparties to a transaction agree to settle their respective obligations by making payments and transferring ownership du... | the value date is also used in the bond market to calculate accrued interest on a bond calculation of accrued interest takes into account three key dates trade date settlement date and value date the trade date is the date on which a transaction was executed the settlement date is the date on which a transaction is com... | |
what is value deflation | value deflation or shrinkflation occurs when retailers and service providers cut their costs and sell smaller packages give out smaller portions or generally provide less for the same price so as to maintain the same sticker price businesses may do this as a way of stealthily raising prices when costs are rising and co... | |
what are the reasons for value deflation | the primary reason for value deflation is the increase in production costs but without wanting to pass these costs directly on to consumers in the form of higher prices so they can keep the price the same but reduce the size of the product as in the case of shrinkflation | |
what is deflation vs value deflation | deflation is when prices drop in an economy and is the opposite of inflation value deflation is actually a response to inflation whereby higher costs induce producers to cut back on their offerings to customers in some way | |
is value deflation accounted for in the cpi | the cpi or consumer price index is a measure used to gauge inflation by tracking the price changes of a basket of consumer goods however it cannot account for things like reduced quality of a product shortened shelf life shrinkflation or other forms of value deflation as a result these types of hidden inflation can be ... | |
what is value engineering | value engineering is a systematic organized approach to providing necessary functions in a project at the lowest cost value engineering promotes the substitution of materials and methods with less expensive alternatives without sacrificing functionality it is focused solely on the functions of various components and ma... | |
when performing value engineering analysts must often consider how to define value after all one customer s perception of a product may be very compared to another customer based on their assigned value of the good in general there are four primary types of value recognized by value engineering | use value is the primary type of value and it is determined by the attributes of the good 3 these attributes define what the product is able to do how it is used and what its purpose is this heavily ties to product differentiation where consumers can only derive value from a specific good without competitors the use va... | |
what is the role of value engineering | value engineering is the process of designing a product to ensure the value a customer receives is maximized this is a careful activity of balancing the functions of the product along with the financial consideration of a product in general value engineering strives to maximize the benefit a consumer receives while min... | |
what are the phases of value engineering | value engineering is often broken into six stages information gathering brainstorming evaluating developing plans presentation and implementation the phases range from collecting relevant data to designing alternatives to see what management thinks of the potential changes keep in mind that some entities may tweak thes... | |
why is value engineering important | value engineering is the process to ensuring your customer s satisfaction and utility of a product is maximized without considering a product s use cost or functionality a good may lose its place in the marketplace because it doesn t solve a problem or reflect accurate financial prices value engineering is important be... | |
what are the types of value in value engineering | value engineering often breaks values into the use cost exchange and esteem value though other departments may use different categories to define consumer benefit the end goal is to ensure all benefits of a consumer are captured for analysis 3the bottom linevalue engineering is the process of ensuring a product doesn t... | |
what is a value fund | a value fund seeks to invest in stocks that are deemed to be undervalued in price based on fundamental characteristics value investing is often contrasted with growth investing which focuses on emerging companies with high growth prospects | |
how a value fund works | value funds and value investing are often synonymous with strategies developed by investors benjamin graham and warren buffett value managers choose stocks for value funds based on the fundamental characteristics associated with a stock s intrinsic value value funds are typically used as long term investing allocations... | |
what is value investing | value investing is an investment strategy that involves picking stocks that appear to be trading for less than their intrinsic or book value value investors actively ferret out stocks they think the stock market is underestimating they believe the market overreacts to good and bad news resulting in stock price movement... | |
why stocks become undervalued | if you don t believe in the efficient market hypothesis you can identify reasons why stocks might be trading below their intrinsic value here are a few factors that can drag a stock s price down and make it undervalued sometimes people invest irrationally based on psychological biases rather than market fundamentals wh... | |
what is a value investment | value investing is an investment philosophy that involves purchasing assets at a discount to their intrinsic value this is also known as a security s margin of safety benjamin graham known as the father of value investing first established this term with his landmark book the intelligent investor in 1949 notable propon... | |
what is an example of value investing | common sense and fundamental analysis underlie many of the principles of value investing the margin of safety which is the discount a stock trades at compared to its intrinsic value is one leading principle fundamental metrics such as the price to earnings pe ratio for example illustrate company earnings in relation to... | |
what are common value investing metrics | along with analyzing a company s price to earnings ratio which can illustrate how expensive it is in relation to its earnings common metrics include the price to book ratio free cash flow fcf and debt to equity ratio d e who is mr market first coined by benjamin graham mr market represents a hypothetical investor that ... | |
what is value line composite index | the value line composite index is a stock index containing approximately 1 700 companies from the nyse american stock exchange nasdaq toronto and over the counter markets 1 the value line composite index has two forms the value line geometric composite index the original equally weighted index and the value line arithm... | |
what is a value network | a value network is a set of connections between organizations and or individuals interacting with each other to benefit the entire group a value network allows members to buy and sell products as well as share information these networks can be visualized with a simple mapping tool showing nodes members and connectors r... | |
what is a value network analysis | value network analysis is the assessment of an organization s members and the interactions of these members within a value network value network analysis is usually done by visualizing relationships using a chart or web participants of the value network analysis are evaluated both individually and on the benefits that ... | |
what is value of risk vor | value of risk vor is the financial benefit that a risk taking activity will bring to the stakeholders of an organization it requires the organization to determine whether an activity will help to move it closer to completing its objectives understanding value of risk vor in financial theory corporations don t have any ... | |
should the risk management department be unable to do this then it s not contributing to shareholder value if on the other hand a company s expected earnings are higher than the cost incurred to reduce risk then the risk reduction investment can be considered a positive one | elsewhere another company that got into the smart luggage business making baggage with embedded microchips and batteries that track location and more bet that the airlines and regulatory agencies would have no problem with customers checking in these bags it bet wrong the smart bags were banned in the u s amid fears ab... | |
what is a value proposition | a value proposition in marketing is a concise statement of the benefits that a company is delivering to customers who buy its products or services it serves as a declaration of intent both inside the company and in the marketplace the term value proposition is believed to have first appeared in a mckinsey co industry r... | |
what is the purpose of a value proposition | a value proposition is meant to convince stakeholders investors or customers that a company or its products or services are worthwhile if the value proposition is weak or unconvincing it may be difficult to attract investment and consumer demand | |
what is an employee value proposition | an employee value proposition evp applies to the job market here a company that is hiring will try to frame itself as a good place to work offering not only monetary compensation but also a range of benefits perks and a productive environment in return the job candidate will need to convince the hiring company that the... | |
what happens if a value proposition fails | if a company cannot convince others that it has value or that its products or services or valuable it will lose profitability and access to capital and may ultimately go out of business | |
what is a value reporting form | a value reporting form is an insurance form businesses complete to provide information to their insurance company in order to receive variable coverage amounts businesses that hold irregular inventories typically are the ones that will submit value reporting forms to their insurance companies throughout the year the ir... | |
when it comes to obtaining insurance coverage to insure shifting inventory a company has several options | they may purchase coverage which will include the historically highest or lowest level of stock on one side of this method the business is overinsured and spending capital where it is not needed on the opposite side the company is putting itself at grave risk if any of many hazards should befall them the company may sp... | |
what is a value stock | a value stock refers to shares of a company that appears to trade at a lower price relative to its fundamentals such as dividends earnings or sales making it appealing to value investors a value stock can generally be contrasted with a growth stock investopedia jake shiunderstanding value stocksa value stock is a secur... | |
how to determine and invest in value stocks | a value stock will have a bargain price as investors see the company as unfavorable in the marketplace a value stock will most likely come from a mature company with a stable dividend issuance that is temporarily experiencing adverse events however companies that have recently issued equities have high value potential ... | |
why are some stocks undervalued | there s no single reason a stock is undervalued in some cases stocks may be undervalued as a result of investor mood and market dynamics stock prices may drop as a result of unfavorable news or pessimism about a certain industry business or market potentially resulting in discounted possibilities a firm may become unde... | |
are usually more established companies | often issue dividends as there is less need for cashflowmay be less risky as the company is already establishedseeks to find companies set to growoften uses untraditional valuation metrics | |
are usually younger companies | often do not issue dividends as there is resource constraintsmay be more risky as the company is yet to prove its business model or operationsexample of value stockhonda motor hmc produces and sells outboard engines power generators lawn mowers and automobiles all over the world because the company has a less comprehen... | |
are value stocks a good investment | value stocks may be a good investment for investors looking for lower risk equities value stocks tend to relate to companies that have already been established but are undervalued by the market for investors not willing to invest in start ups or unknown entities value stocks may make a good alternative |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.