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what is an executive summary in a marketing plan | the executive summary is a nutshell description of the marketing plan it should contain the key findings of the market research the company s objectives and marketing goals an overview of the marketing trends the description of the product or service being marketed information on the target market and the plan budget | |
what is a top down marketing strategy | a top down marketing strategy is a traditional one in which a business decides how best to sell its product or brand and customers are then spurred to take action through advertisements generally found on radio and or television it is usually determined by company executives which is then communicated with management t... | |
what is a marketing strategy | a marketing strategy refers to a business s overall plan to convince customers to buy its products or services a marketing strategy determines how to reach prospective consumers and turn them into customers it contains the company s value proposition key brand messaging data on target customer demographics and other hi... | |
how to create a marketing strategy | creating a thoughtful and effective marketing strategy requires several steps while sales are the ultimate goal for every company a marketing strategy can also include short term goals such as these smaller goals offer measurable benchmarks for the progress of your marketing plan think of strategy as the high level ide... | |
how you disperse your messaging may depend on how much you can afford will you be purchasing advertising working with thought leaders or influencers hoping for a viral moment on social media organically sending out press releases to the media to try to gain coverage | your budget will dictate what you can afford to do even the best message won t work unless it is communicated through the appropriate medium selecting the best channel for your marketing efforts will depend on who your customers are who they trust what types of media they consume and what budget you have to work with s... | |
what do the four ps mean in a marketing strategy | the four ps are product price promotion and place these are the key factors that are involved in the marketing of a good or service the four ps can be used when planning a new business venture evaluating an existing offer or trying to optimize sales with a target audience they also can be used to test a current marketi... | |
what does a marketing strategy look like | a marketing strategy will detail the advertising outreach and public relations campaigns to be carried out by a firm including how the company will measure the effect of these initiatives the functions and components of a marketing plan include market research tailored messaging that targets certain demographics and ge... | |
is a marketing strategy the same as a marketing plan | the terms marketing plan and marketing strategy are often used interchangeably because a marketing plan is developed based on an overarching strategic framework the plan outlines marketing activities on a monthly quarterly or annual basis while the marketing strategy outlines the overall value proposition in some cases... | |
what is the markets in financial instruments directive mifid | the markets in financial instruments directive mifid is a european regulation that increases the transparency across the european union s financial markets and standardizes the regulatory disclosures required for firms operating there mifid implemented new measures such as pre and post trade transparency requirements a... | |
how did mifid ii affect investment banks | for banks that provide asset management or investment services mifid ii requires financial instruments to be traded only in multilateral and regulated trading platforms or those that adhere to the transparency requirements of otc trading these rules are intended to protect investors and eliminate dark trading of securi... | |
what is the difference between mifid and mifid ii | mifid ii enhanced the transparency and reporting requirements of the older mifid regulation one key difference is the expansion of its scope while mifid applied largely to equities markets mifid ii applies to all types of securities and derivatives | |
how does brexit affect mifid ii | after the united kingdom left the european union the two economies had two substantially similar regulatory regimes but they lost their ability to trade easily british firms lost their license to provide financial services to eu clients and vice versa it also created duplicate reporting requirements for the two areas 3... | |
what is a markup | a markup is the difference between an investment s lowest current offering price among broker dealers and the price charged to the customer for said investment markups occur when brokers act as principals buying and selling securities from their own accounts at their own risk rather than receiving a fee for facilitatin... | |
when a dealer acts a principal in the transaction he can mark up the bid price which creates a wider bid ask spread the difference between the market spread and the dealer s marked up spread is the profit | in lieu of charging a flat fee brokers acting as principals can be compensated from the markup gross profits of securities held and later sold to customers special considerations for markupsthe dealer is only required to disclose the transaction fee which is typically a nominal cost in doing so the buyer isn t privy to... | |
what is married filing jointly | married filing jointly is a tax filing status that allows a married couple to file a single tax return that records both of their taxable income deductions credits and exemptions the main alternative is married filing separately married filing jointly is generally a better choice for couples as it makes them eligible f... | |
how married filing jointly works | taxpayers are required to indicate their tax filing status on the top of the first page of form 1040 by checking off the appropriate box the options include 1married couples filing jointly generally have access to more tax benefits | |
when using the married filing jointly filing status both spouses are equally responsible for the return and the taxes if either one understates the taxes due both are equally liable for the penalties unless the other spouse can prove they were unaware of the mistake and did not benefit from it 2 | married filing jointly vs married filing separately | |
when using married filing jointly status your total combined tax liability is often lower than the sum of your individual tax liabilities if you had filed separately 3 the internal revenue service irs encourages couples to file together by offering them various tax benefits that don t apply to other filing statuses 4 | couples who file together qualify for multiple tax credits including 3a joint tax return often provides a bigger tax refund or a lower tax liability however this is not always the case a couple may want to investigate their options by calculating the refund or balance due when filing jointly and separately then use the... | |
is it better to file taxes as married filing jointly | most couples find that filing jointly makes sense financially the tax code is written to benefit married couples and families and this status is the one that maximizes those generous tax breaks there are exceptions when filing separately saves you more for example if there s a big disparity in income and the lower earn... | |
when should married couples file taxes separately | despite the many benefits of filing jointly there are instances in which filing separately may be more beneficial this may be the case for example if one of you has significant miscellaneous deductions or medical expenses to claim | |
what is the standard deduction for married filing jointly | the standard deduction for married couples filing jointly in the 2023 tax year is 27 700 this is the amount that is not subject to taxation this threshold increases to 29 200 in 2024 46the bottom linemarried filing jointly is one of the statuses that taxpayers can choose when they file their annual tax returns this sta... | |
what is married filing separately | married filing separately is a tax status for married couples who choose to record their respective incomes exemptions and deductions on separate tax returns this means both married spouses file separate tax returns when one spouse has significant medical expenses or miscellaneous itemized deductions or when both spous... | |
how married filing separately works | the internal revenue service irs gives taxpayers five tax filing status options when they submit their annual tax returns single married filing jointly married filing separately head of household or qualifying widow er 1anyone who files as married in either category filing separately or filing jointly must be married a... | |
when couples file separately they must include their spouse s information on their returns according to the irs if you and your spouse file separate returns and one of you itemizes deductions then the other spouse will have a standard deduction of zero therefore the other spouse should also itemize deductions 3 | although there are financial advantages to filing separately couples miss out on tax credits meant for couples who file jointly if you and your spouse both generated taxable income calculate your tax bill as a joint and separate filer before filing to determine which of the two will save you more money special consider... | |
do you need your spouse s income for married filing separately | it s not necessary for married couples to declare their spouse s income when filing separately unless they live in a community property state 6can you file separately after filing jointly yes married couples are permitted to file jointly one year and separately the next year 6 | |
what are the drawbacks to married filing separately | married filing separately is the ideal tax filing status if both spouses want to keep their tax liabilities separate but if you file separate returns you miss out on a number of tax credits and deductions that are meant for married couples such as the earned income tax credit and the american opportunity tax credit the... | |
what is a married put | married put is the name given to an options trading strategy where an investor holding a long position in a stock purchases an at the money put option on the same stock to protect against depreciation in the stock s price the benefit is that the investor can lose a small but limited amount of money on the stock in the ... | |
how a married put works | a married put works similarly to an insurance policy it is a bullish strategy used when the investor is concerned about potential near term uncertainties in the stock price by owning the stock with a protective put option the investor receives the benefits of stock ownership such as dividends and the right to vote in c... | |
when to use a married put | rather than a pure profit making strategy a married put is a capital preserving strategy the downside loss potential is limited bear in mind that the premium paid for the put is a built in cost that reduces the strategy s savings potential therefore investors typically use a married put as an insurance policy against n... | |
what s a married put option | a married put option is a put option purchased at the same time an investor buys the underlying asset it s also known as a protective put option | |
how does a married put help investors | a married put provides a hedge against loss essentially owning the actual stock and owning a put option means that an investor has opposite positions at the same time in the same stock so if the stock price goes down the trader will lose money on the one hand but gain money on the other so a loss can be at least partia... | |
what is martial law | martial law is the substitution of a civil government by military authorities with unlimited powers to suspend the ordinary legal protections of civilian rights a state of martial law may be declared in response to a crisis or imposed during a coup in times of disaster or civil unrest a declaration of emergency is more... | |
when martial law is declared civil liberties such as the right to free movement free speech or protection from unreasonable searches can be suspended the justice system that typically handles issues of criminal and civil law is replaced with a military justice system such as a military tribunal | civilians may be arrested for violating curfews or for offenses that in normal times would not be considered serious enough to warrant detention laws relating to habeas corpus that are designed to prevent unlawful detention may also be suspended allowing the military to detain individuals indefinitely without the possi... | |
what is marxian economics | marxian economics is a school of economic thought based on the work of 19th century economist and philosopher karl marx marxian or marxist economics focuses on the role of labor in the development of an economy it s critical of the classical approach to wages and productivity developed by adam smith marx argued that th... | |
what is a free market | a free market is an economic system over which the government has minimal control it s also referred to as an open market prices of goods and services result from supply and demand rather than from government intervention 2 | |
what did marx consider to be a fair wage | marx held that a fair equitable and necessary wage allows workers to pay for their basic needs of existence plus a sufficient amount to provide support for their families this amount necessarily varies based on factors within the economy location and a worker s skillsets 3 | |
what is the unemployment rate in the u s in 2024 | the u s unemployment rate was 3 9 in april 2024 average hourly earnings for nonfarm employees increased by 0 2 in april 4the bottom linethe marxian economics theory focuses on what marx claimed were two major flaws in capitalism the ups and downs of the free market and an abundance of labor he argued that the availabil... | |
what is marxism | marxism is a social political and economic philosophy named after the 19th century german philosopher and economist karl marx his work examines the historical effects of capitalism on labor productivity and economic development and argues that a worker revolution is needed to replace capitalism with a communist system ... | |
what kind of philosophy is marxism | marxism is a philosophy developed by karl marx in the second half of the 19th century that unifies social political and economic theory it is mainly concerned with the consequences of a society divided between an ownership class and a working class and proposes a new system of shared ownership of the means of productio... | |
what did marx predict for the future | marx thought that the capitalistic system would inevitably self destruct competition would grow so fierce that most businesses would fold and be absorbed into unwieldy monopolies workers would reject a system that exploited them the oppressed workers would ultimately overthrow the owners to take control of the means of... | |
is marxism the same thing as communism | marxism is a philosophy while communism is a system of government based on marxist principles marx envisioned a society in which workers owned the means of production in real world communism governments own the means of production the bottom linemarxism is the social and economic theory developed by karl marx in the 19... | |
what is mass customization | mass customization is the process of delivering market goods and services that are modified to satisfy a specific customer s needs mass customization is a marketing and manufacturing technique that combines the flexibility and personalization of custom made products with the low unit costs associated with mass producti... | |
how does mass customization work | a customer designs certain made to order features of a product but keeps costs closer to that of mass produced products with mass customization the client can mix and match options to create a semi custom final product | |
what industries use mass customization | industries that use mass customization include | |
how does mass customization benefit a company | manufacturers can delay product differentiation until the final manufacturing phase also the customer can decide on the features that make the product unique which may sway their buying decision as a result a company can use mass customization as a marketing strategy the bottom linemass customization lets a customer pe... | |
what is mass production | mass production is the manufacturing of large quantities of standardized products often using assembly lines or automation technology mass production facilitates the efficient production of a large number of similar products mass production is also referred to as flow production repetitive flow production series produc... | |
does mass production mean lower wages for workers | in some areas factory workers are paid less and work in dismal conditions however this does not have to be the case workers in the united states tend to make higher wages and often have unions to advocate for better working conditions elsewhere mass production jobs may come with poor wages and working conditions | |
is mass production expensive to set up | creating a mass production system can be expensive to set up and even more expensive to alter if changes need to be made after the production has already started the cost of setup is generally offset by the efficiency with which products are made once the system is up and running | |
does mass production produce quality items | it can as henry ford proved very complex products can be made successfully using assembly line techniques however if there are unforeseen problems with an element of your product that issue can be replicated thousands of times before it may be noticed this is why product recalls are frequent among mass produced items t... | |
what is a master feeder structure | a master feeder structure is a device commonly used by hedge funds to pool taxable and tax exempt capital raised from investors in the united states and overseas into a master fund separate investment vehicles otherwise known as feeders are established for each group of investors investors put capital into their respec... | |
how the master feeder structure works | the master feeder structure begins with the investors who deposit capital into the feeder fund the feeder fund containing all the limited partnership shareholder capital then purchases shares of the master fund much like it would buy shares of any company s stock the primary difference of course is that a feeder fund b... | |
what is a master limited partnership mlp | a master limited partnership mlp is a business venture in the form of a publicly traded limited partnership it combines the tax benefits of a private partnership with the liquidity of a publicly traded company a master limited partnership trades on national exchanges mlps generally experience cash flow stability and ar... | |
what s a master limited partnership | a master limited partnership or mlp is a publicly traded limited partnership focused on the real estate or natural resources sector investors can buy units of an mlp on national exchanges mlps can offer steady income as well as a variety of tax advantages they are not without risk however due to their concentrated expo... | |
does a master limited partnership mlp offer tax advantages | yes for limited partners they offer a pass through tax structure distributions aren t taxed when received instead they remain tax deferred until units are sold mlp units up to a certain amount can pass to heirs tax free upon the death of the unitholder also the tax reform act passed in 2017 allows investors to deduct 2... | |
what are some examples of master limited partnerships | in general master limited partnerships are companies that engage in the exploration development processing or transportation of natural resources they may also focus on real estate an mlp could own and operate oil and gas pipelines or it might focus on exploring for and producing crude oil you could also find mlps that... | |
what is a master of business administration mba | a master of business administration mba is a graduate degree that provides theoretical and practical training for business or investment management an mba is designed to help graduates gain a better understanding of business management functions an mba degree can have a general focus or a specific focus in fields such ... | |
how a master of business administration mba works | an mba is a level up from an undergraduate business degree and generally places the graduate well above those with only undergraduate degrees most major universities and colleges provide mba programs which usually last two years to get into an mba program an applicant needs to take the graduate management admission tes... | |
what does mba mean | mba stands for master of business administration an mba is a degree that provides advanced and thorough training in business principles and leadership skills mba recipients obtain this postgraduate degree to enhance their marketability as a professional | |
what is the salary of an mba | as of february 2024 an mba earns an estimated total pay of over 136 174 per year in the u s pay is widely contingent on the industry company and underlying position occupied by the degree holder for example the same salary data indicate that most total pay packages range between 102 000 to 191 000 per year 11 of course... | |
what is an mba good for | an mba serves two primary purposes first business professionals who obtain an mba undergo a rigorous education that improves their skillsets second mba degree holders can be highly desired by employers the mba meaning can be an advantage during job searches and often results in higher pay | |
what are the disadvantages of an mba | obtaining an mba takes money time and effort candidates may find it demanding to compile a resum impressive enough to be accepted into their goal program mba programs may also be expensive mba candidates may have to scale back or step away from work as they pursue their degree though an mba carries substantial long ter... | |
what is a master of public administration mpa | a master of public administration mpa is a master s degree in public affairs an mpa degree prepares recipients to serve in executive positions in municipal state and federal government and nongovernmental organizations ngos understanding the master of public administration mpa a master of public administration mpa degr... | |
what is mastercard | mastercard is the second largest payments network ranked behind visa in the global payments industry other major payments networks include american express and discover mastercard partners with member financial institutions all over the world to offer mastercard branded network payment cards mastercard uses its proprie... | |
when mastercard partners with a financial institution the institution serves as the issuer that institution determines the terms and benefits that a cardholder can receive on their card a financial institution may choose to partner for the issuance of a credit card debit card or prepaid card | to attract different types of consumers financial institutions offer numerous features on mastercard branded cards some popular credit card features may include no annual fee issuer branded or custom organization branded rewards points cash back and 0 introductory rates | |
when credit debit and prepaid mastercard cards are issued through partners the financial institution is primarily responsible for all of the underwriting and issuance of the card | mastercard network processing and feescards within the mastercard network have different relationship maps depending on the type of card offered and the agreements in place regardless mastercard charges fees for usage of each mastercard typically the five entities involved in a transaction are the cardholders merchants... | |
what are matching orders | matching orders is the process by which a securities exchange pairs one or more unsolicited buy orders to one or more sell orders to make trades this can be contrasted with requests for a quote rfq in a security to proceed with a trade if one investor wants to buy a quantity of stock and another wants to sell the same ... | |
how matching orders works | matching the orders of buyers and sellers is the primary work of specialists and market makers in the exchanges the matches happen when compatible buy orders and sell orders for the same security are submitted in close proximity in price and time generally a buy order and a sell order are compatible if the maximum pric... | |
what are material participation tests | material participation tests are a set of internal revenue services irs criteria that evaluate whether a taxpayer has materially participated in a trade business rental or other income producing activity a taxpayer materially participates if they pass one of the seven material participation tests however passive activi... | |
how does the irs see active vs passive participation in generating income | so called material participation in an activity that generates income is identified as active if it is determined to be regular continuous and substantial this kind of participation must pass the material participation tests devised by the irs 3 passive participation that generates income is characterized as the opposi... | |
how do you verify material participation | taxpayers need to keep records of the number of hours of material participation in an activity and be able to provide written evidence if need be tasks an investor might typically undertake like reviewing stock charts would not meet the participation burden unless that taxpayer was substantially involved in the managem... | |
how does material participation impact taxes | a taxpayer who is materially participating in an activity is allowed to deduct the total amount of losses on their taxes under passive activity rules a taxpayer who is passively participating in an income generating activity is limited in the deductibility of losses 7the bottom linewhether your participation in a parti... | |
what is material requirements planning mrp | material requirements planning mrp is a software based integrated inventory and supply management system designed for businesses companies use mrp to estimate quantities of raw materials maintain inventory levels and schedule production and deliveries | |
how material requirements planning mrp works | mrp helps businesses and manufacturers define what is needed how much is needed and when materials are needed and works backward from a production plan for finished goods mrp converts a plan into a list of requirements for the subassemblies parts and raw materials needed to produce a final product within the establishe... | |
what is a mature industry | a mature industry is one that has passed both the emerging and growth phases of industry growth companies in these industries tend to be larger older and more stable at the beginning of the industry lifecycle new products or services find use in the marketplace many businesses may spring up trying to profit from the ne... | |
why a mature industry may see little growth | in a mature industry revenue and earnings can continue to increase however companies from such industries are not expected to grow at the same pace that may have characterized the earlier phases of development this may be due to the industry already approaching the point of market saturation in terms of reaching availa... | |
what is maturity | maturity is the date on which the life of a transaction or financial instrument ends after which it must either be renewed or it will cease to exist the term is commonly used for deposits foreign exchange spot trades forward transactions interest rate and commodity swaps options loans and fixed income instruments such ... | |
what is a maturity date | a maturity date is the date on which the principal amount of a note draft acceptance bond or other debt instrument becomes due it also refers to the termination or due date on which an installment loan must be paid back in full as such the relationship between the debtor and creditor or the investor and debt issuer end... | |
how maturity dates work | although investing and borrowing may be different there are some commonalities between these two ventures one of these is what s called a maturity date which is the date at which the relationship between the investor and issuer and the borrower and creditor ends a maturity date defines the lifespan of a security or loa... | |
how do you determine a bond s maturity date | the bond documents will include a lot of information including the final maturity date typically investors can find the final maturity date in the authorization authentication and delivery section of the bond documents 4 | |
how does the maturity date affect the interest rate of a bond | bonds with longer terms tend to offer higher interest rates this higher interest rate goes hand in hand with additional risks for investors 2 | |
what happens if a company defaults on its bonds | if a company goes bankrupt and defaults on its bonds bondholders have a claim on that company s assets but the type of bond whether that s secured or unsecured will determine the priority of a bondholder s claim a company going through bankruptcy will also have other creditors ultimately claims on the company s assets ... | |
what is max pain | max pain or the max pain price is the strike price with the most open options contracts i e puts and calls and it is the price at which the stock would cause financial losses for the largest number of option holders at expiration the term max pain stems from the maximum pain theory which states that most traders who bu... | |
what is a maximum drawdown mdd | a maximum drawdown mdd is the maximum observed loss from a peak to a trough of a portfolio before a new peak is attained maximum drawdown is an indicator of downside risk over a specified time period it can be used both as a stand alone measure or as an input into other metrics such as return over maximum drawdown and ... | |
what is maximum foreseeable loss mfl | the maximum foreseeable loss is an insurance term most frequently used in the insurance of businesses and business property mfl is a worst case situation in which the claim for damages and losses are significant the maximum foreseeable loss is a reference to the most substantial financial hit a policyholder could poten... | |
what is the maximum loan amount | a maximum loan amount or loan limit describes the total amount of money that an applicant is authorized to borrow maximum loan amounts are used for standard loans credit cards and line of credit accounts the maximum will depend on several factors including a borrower s creditworthiness loan length loan purpose whether ... | |
what criteria do lenders use to calculate the maximum loan amount | lenders will consider several factors including credit score debt to income ratio the purpose of the loan the type of loan and more in general the lower your debt to income ratio and the higher your credit score the higher you can expect the maximum loan amount to be | |
what do lenders use to determine who qualifies for a loan | credit score is one of the biggest factors scores of 800 or greater generally are considered excellent while 740 799 is considered very good and 670 739 qualifies as good the lower an applicant s score the more difficult it will be to get approved those with good but not excellent credit may still be approved but they ... | |
what is a good maximum loan to value ratio | a loan to value ratio measures how much of an asset is financed compared to the overall value of the asset for example if you take out a 400 000 mortgage to purchase a 500 000 home the loan to value ratio would be 80 what constitutes a good maximum loan to value ratio depends on the type of loan some homebuying program... | |
what is the mcclellan oscillator | the mcclellan oscillator is a market breadth indicator that is based on the difference between the number of advancing and declining issues on a stock exchange such as the new york stock exchange nyse or nasdaq 1the indicator is used to show strong shifts in sentiment in the indexes called breadth thrusts it also helps... | |
what does the mcclellan oscillator tell you | the mcclellan oscillator is an indicator based on market breadth which technical analysts can use in conjunction with other technical tools to determine the overall state of the stock market and assess the strength of its current trend 1since the indicator is based on all the stocks in an exchange it is compared to the... | |
when index prices and the indicator are moving in different directions then the current index trend may lack strength bullish divergence occurs when the oscillator is rising while the index is falling this indicates the index could head higher soon since more stocks are starting to advance | bearish divergence is when the index is rising and the indicator is falling this means fewer stocks are keeping the advance going and prices may start to head lower 3the difference between the mcclellan oscillator and mcclellan summation index the mcclellan oscillator was developed by sherman and marian mcclellan who a... | |
what is mcf | mcf is an abbreviation derived from the roman numeral m for one thousand put together with cubic feet cf to measure a quantity of natural gas for example a natural gas well that produces 400 mcf of gas per day operates with a daily production rate of 400 000 cubic feet in terms of energy output one thousand cubic feet ... | |
what is the mckinsey 7s model | the mckinsey 7s model is a framework for organizational effectiveness that postulates that there are seven internal factors of an organization that need to be aligned and reinforced in order for it to be successful understanding mckinsey 7s modelthe 7s model specifies seven factors that are classified as hard and soft ... | |
what is mckinsey | mckinsey co is a global consulting and accounting firm founded by university of chicago management professor james o mckinsey in 1926 the firm specializes in management consulting for a wide range of corporations governments and other organizations | |
what are the 7s factors | the seven factors are strategy structure systems shared values skills style and staff | |
why follow the 7s model | these 7 factors are used by management to identify where a company excels and where it needs more work in terms of creating an optimal and efficient workforce it is also used to evaluate performance following a merger or other restructuring to identify areas that need improvement | |
what is mean reversion | the concept of mean reversion is widely used in various financial time series data including price earnings and book value when an asset s current market price is less than its average past price it s considered attractive for purchase conversely if the current price is above the average it s expected to fall traders a... | |
when it comes to moving averages swing traders often use longer term moving averages than day traders do to identify the mean price over a specific period | a crossover or crossunder of the price and the moving average followed by a significant deviation from the price and the moving average can signal a potential reversal 9also tools like the rsi and the macd are used to identify overbought or oversold conditions signaling a possible mean reversion 10 moreover fibonacci r... | |
what is a mean reversion strategy | a mean reversion strategy is a trading approach that capitalizes on the tendency of financial assets to revert to their historical mean or average price over time the strategy aims to identify assets that are significantly overvalued or undervalued and take positions based on the expectation that they will revert to th... | |
what is the best time frame for mean reversion | time frames for mean reversion are dependent on the trader or investor s objectives risk tolerance and the asset being traded |
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