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how no documentation no doc mortgages work | a no documentation mortgage is a loan to buy a home that does not require the income documents required by a typical mortgage these loans are considered higher risk 1typically you must submit proof of income to qualify for a mortgage required documentation may include w2s pay stubs employment letters and or recent tax ... | |
what is a ninja loan | a ninja loan is a loan that is granted to people who have no job no income and no assets essentially they are mortgages for people who can likely not repay them ninja loans are essentially illegal now as a result of the dodd frack act 5can i get a heloc with no job you can get a home equity line of credit heloc without... | |
what is a no load fund | a no load fund is a mutual fund in which shares are sold without a commission or sales charge 1 investment companies typically forgo charging a load if they offer the fund themselves not through a second party like a broker load funds with either front load or back load charge a commission when you buy into the fund or... | |
why are there loads | the justification for loads is compensating an intermediary such as a broker financial planner investment advisor or other professionals for their time and expertise in helping you find the mutual fund that s right for you 2 some investors find paying these fees bothersome and no load funds have become so ubiquitous th... | |
do no load funds guarantee better returns | no no load funds do not guarantee better returns investment performance depends on the fund s management and market conditions that said charging loads hasn t traditionally provided better performance so you re not necessarily losing out on results by seeking out no load funds 5can no load funds invest internationally ... | |
what is no par value stock | no par value stock is issued without the specification of a par value indicated in a company s articles of incorporation or on its stock certificates most shares issued are classified as no par or low par value stock where prices of the latter are determined by the amount of cash investors are willing to pony up for th... | |
when companies issue no par value stock the price may experience natural variations a no par stock s sale price can be determined by the basic principles of supply and demand fluctuating as necessary to meet market conditions without being misrepresented by the face value | some states forbid corporations from issuing no par stock special considerationsif a business releases stock with a low par value of 5 00 per share and 1 000 shares are sold the associated book value of the business can then be listed as 5 000 if the business is generally successful this value may be of no consequence ... | |
what is a no shop clause | a no shop clause is a clause found in an agreement between a seller and a potential buyer that bars the seller from soliciting a purchase proposal from any other party in other words the seller cannot shop the business or asset around once a letter of intent or agreement in principle is entered into between the seller ... | |
what is a no load fund | a no load fund is a mutual fund in which shares are sold without a commission or sales charge 1 investment companies typically forgo charging a load if they offer the fund themselves not through a second party like a broker load funds with either front load or back load charge a commission when you buy into the fund or... | |
why are there loads | the justification for loads is compensating an intermediary such as a broker financial planner investment advisor or other professionals for their time and expertise in helping you find the mutual fund that s right for you 2 some investors find paying these fees bothersome and no load funds have become so ubiquitous th... | |
do no load funds guarantee better returns | no no load funds do not guarantee better returns investment performance depends on the fund s management and market conditions that said charging loads hasn t traditionally provided better performance so you re not necessarily losing out on results by seeking out no load funds 5can no load funds invest internationally ... | |
what is noise | in a broad analytical context noise refers to information or activity that confuses or misrepresents genuine underlying trends in the financial markets noise can include small price corrections in the market as well as price fluctuations called volatility that distorts the overall trend however market noise can make it... | |
what is a noise trader | noise trader is generally a term used in academic finance studies associated with the efficient markets hypothesis emh the definition is often vaguely stated throughout the literature though it is mainly intended to describe investors who make decisions to buy or sell based on factors they believe to be helpful but in ... | |
what is nominal | nominal is a common financial term with several different meanings in the first it means very small or far below the real value or cost in finance this adjective modifies words such as a fee or charge a nominal fee is below the price of the service provided or presumably easy for a consumer to afford or a fee that is s... | |
what is the nominal effective exchange rate neer | the nominal effective exchange rate neer is an unadjusted weighted average rate at which one country s currency exchanges for a basket of multiple foreign currencies the nominal exchange rate is the amount of domestic currency needed to purchase foreign currency in economics the neer is an indicator of a country s inte... | |
what does the nominal effective exchange rate neer tell you | the neer only describes relative value it cannot definitively show whether a currency is strong or gaining strength in real terms it only describes whether a currency is weak or strong or weakening or strengthening compared to foreign currencies as with all exchange rates the neer can help identify which currencies sto... | |
what is nominal gross domestic product gdp | nominal gross domestic product gdp is gdp evaluated at current market prices it is the total value of all goods and services produced in a given time period less the value of those made during the production process understanding nominal gdpthe economy is a series of interrelated processes that determine how resources ... | |
when the overall price level of the economy rises consumers have to spend more to purchase the same amount of goods if an individual s income rises by 10 in a given period but inflation rises by 10 as well then the individual s real income or purchasing power is unchanged the term real in real income merely reflects th... | the u s is the world s largest economy followed by china and japan 3usefulness of nominal gdpnominal gdp is incredibly useful in economic analysis it serves as a fundamental measure of economic growth allowing policymakers businesses and investors to track changes in the size and direction of the economy over time gove... | |
what is nominal interest rate | nominal interest rate refers to the interest rate before taking inflation into account nominal can also refer to the advertised or stated interest rate on a loan without taking into account any fees or compounding of interest investopedia julie bangunderstanding nominal interest ratecentral banks set short term nominal... | |
where | however most borrowers typically want to know the effective rate as the nominal rate is often the rate that is stated the formula for effective interest rate e is e 1 n m m 1 | |
where | for example if a loan s stated nominal rate is 8 and it s compounded semi annually then the effective interest rate e would be e 1 08 2 2 1 8 16 treasury inflation protected securities tips allow investors to preserve their savings without losing value to inflation nominal vs real interest ratesunlike the nominal rate ... | |
what is the difference between nominal and real interest rates | nominal interest rates do not account for inflation while real interest rates do for example in the united states the federal funds rate the interest rate set by the federal reserve can form the basis for the nominal interest rate being offered the real interest however would be the nominal interest rate minus the infl... | |
why do investors care more about real interest rates | to avoid purchasing power erosion through inflation investors consider the real interest rate rather than the nominal rate one way to estimate the real rate of return in the united states is to observe the interest rates on treasury inflation protected securities tips the difference between the yield on a treasury bond... | |
what is difference between nominal rate and apy | apy annual percentage yield is the effective interest rate which tends to be more relevant to borrowers and lenders the consumer usually the borrower pays an effective rate that varies from the nominal stated rate based on fees and the effect of compounding to that end the effective rate apy is often higher than the no... | |
how do you calculate the effective rate if nominal rate is known | the effective rate which factors in compounding can be calculated from the nominal rate which is often the rate that is stated the formula for effective interest rate e is e 1 n m m 1 where n nominal rate and m number of compounding periods | |
what is the nominal rate of return | the nominal rate of return is the amount of money generated by an investment before factoring in expenses such as taxes investment fees and inflation if an investment generated a 10 return the nominal rate would equal 10 after factoring in inflation during the investment period the actual real return would likely be lo... | |
what does the nominal rate of return tell you | the nominal rate of return helps investors gauge the performance of their portfolio whether it s comprised of stocks bonds or other investments the nominal rate of return strips out outside factors that can affect performance such as taxes and inflation by using the nominal rate of return investors can compare the perf... | |
what is a nominal value | nominal value of a security often referred to as face or par value is its redemption price and is normally stated on the front of that security with respect to bonds and stocks it is the stated value of an issued security as opposed to its market value in economics nominal values refer to the unadjusted rate or current... | |
what is nominal yield | a bond s nominal yield depicted as a percentage is calculated by dividing total interest paid annually by the face or par value of the bond understanding nominal yieldthe nominal yield is the coupon rate on a bond essentially it is the interest rate that the bond issuer promises to pay bond purchasers this rate is fixe... | |
what determines the nominal yield | bonds are issued by governments for domestic spending purposes or by corporations to raise funds for financing research and development and for capital expenditure capex at the time of issuance an investment banker acts as an intermediary between the bond issuer which might be a corporation and the bond buyer two compo... | |
what is a nominated advisor nomad | a nominated advisor nomad is a financial services firm that assists with listing a company on the alternative investment market aim of the london stock exchange lse the alternative investment market is a specialized unit of the lse catering to smaller more risky companies the lse requires that a company seeking a listi... | |
how a nominated advisor nomad works | the alternative investment market aim was established in 1995 by the london stock exchange to enable emerging growth companies to raise capital the aim is considered to be a submarket of the lse well over 3 500 such companies from around the world have taken advantage of the lower listing requirements offered by this a... | |
what is a nomination committee | the term nomination committee refers to a committee that acts as part of an organization s corporate governance a nomination committee evaluates a firm s board of directors and examines the skills and characteristics required of board candidates nomination committees may also have other duties which vary from company t... | |
what is a nomination committee | the term nomination committee refers to a committee that acts as part of an organization s corporate governance a nomination committee evaluates a firm s board of directors and examines the skills and characteristics required of board candidates nomination committees may also have other duties which vary from company t... | |
what is the non accelerating inflation rate of unemployment | the non accelerating inflation rate of unemployment nairu is the specific level of unemployment that is evident in an economy that does not cause inflation to increase in other words if unemployment is at the nairu level inflation is constant nairu often represents the equilibrium between the state of the economy and t... | |
how nairu works | although there is no formula for calculating a nairu level the federal reserve has historically used statistical models and estimates that the nairu level is somewhere between 5 to 6 unemployment st louis fed estimates for 2005 2030 are between 4 and 5 3 nairu plays a role in the fed s dual mandate objectives of achiev... | |
how nairu came about | in 1958 new zealand born economist william phillips wrote a paper titled the relation between unemployment and the rate of money wage rates in the united kingdom in his paper phillips described the supposed inverse relationship between unemployment levels and the rate of inflation this relationship was referred to as t... | |
why can low unemployment be bad for the economy | if inflation falls below ideally 5 to 6 strong consumer demand can cause inflation to rise faster than the federal reserve s ideal rate of 2 | |
what is natural unemployment | an economy will never have 100 employment due to the fact that there will always be a number of people who are unemployed due to structural forces such as loss of jobs to technology or a mismatch between their skills and what the job market seeks also included are those just joining the labor force such as new graduate... | |
what is the phillips curve | this supposed inverse relationship between unemployment levels and inflation was first described by new zealand born economist william phillips in 1958 the bottom linein real life the correlation between inflation dropping prices and unemployment can break down but historically the phenomenon has held the level at whic... | |
what is a non accredited investor | a non accredited investor is any investor who does not meet the income or net worth requirements set out by the securities and exchange commission sec the concept of a non accredited investor comes from the various sec acts and regulations that refer to accredited investors an accredited investor can be a bank or a com... | |
what is the difference between accredited and non accredited investors | the difference between accredited and non accredited investors is determined by the sec which classifies investors into these two types of buckets based on net worth and salary accredited investors must have a net worth of more than 1 million excluding the value of their primary residence and an income of more than 200... | |
why do investors need to be accredited | investors need to be accredited so that they can invest in riskier assets the goal is really to protect non accredited investors it is assumed that accredited investors have enough financial expertise to analyze the risks and rewards of a riskier investment or at least have the wealth to absorb a significant loss | |
how can non accredited investors invest in private companies | non accredited investors can invest in private companies through equity crowdfunding this is so because the amount needed to invest is usually very small as equity crowdfunding seeks to pool the investments from many investors the bottom linethe sec s classification of investors into accredited and non accredited is in... | |
what is a non assessable stock | a non assessable stock is a class of stock in which the issuing company is not allowed to impose levies on its shareholders for additional funds in order to make further investments the maximum liability the purchaser of the stock assumes is equal to the initial purchase price of the shares stocks issued by u s compani... | |
when a stock is non assessable it also means that if the issuing company goes bankrupt the shareholders cannot lose more money than they invested in the first place 1 | example of a non assessable stocknon assessable stocks have the word non assessable printed on their stock certificates this vintage pennsylvania power light company common stock certificate for 20 shares dating from 1973 contains the phrase fully paid and non assessable shares of the common stock without nominal or pa... | |
what is a non amortizing loan | a non amortizing loan is a type of loan for which payments on the principal are made by lump sum as a result the value of the principal does not decrease at all over the life of the loan popular types of non amortizing loans include interest only loans or balloon payment loans understanding non amortizing loana non amo... | |
how do borrowers use non amortizing loans | non amortizing loans are commonly used in land contracts and real estate development financing in these situations borrowers typically have limited immediate collateral that can be used specifically when a residential or commercial building is being built on a tract of land a non amortizing loan provides the borrower w... | |
what are nonbank financial companies | nonbank financial companies nbfcs also known as nonbank financial institutions nbfis are financial institutions that offer various banking services but do not have a banking license generally these institutions are not allowed to take traditional demand deposits readily available funds such as those in checking or savi... | |
what are examples of nonbank financial companies | there are many types of nbfc some of the most familiar are | |
what is a non cash charge | a non cash charge is a write down or accounting expense that does not involve a cash payment they can represent meaningful changes to a company s financial standing weighing on earnings without affecting short term capital in any way depreciation amortization depletion stock based compensation and asset impairments are... | |
what is a non cash item | a non cash item has two different meanings in banking the term is used to describe a negotiable instrument such as a check or bank draft that is deposited but cannot be credited until it clears the issuer s account alternatively in accounting a non cash item refers to an expense listed on an income statement such as ca... | |
what is a non compete agreement | a non compete agreement is a legal agreement or clause in a contract specifying that an employee must not enter into competition with an employer after the employment period is over these agreements also prohibit the employee from revealing proprietary information or secrets to any other parties during or after employm... | |
what is a non competitive tender | a non competitive tender is an offer to buy united states treasury securities that is made by non institutional investors these smaller investors do not participate in a formal auction for the securities but instead accept the market price set by other participants by contrast competitive tender offers are those made b... | |
how non competitive tenders work | the united states treasury sells trillions of dollars of securities every year the buyers of these securities range from large organizations such as primary dealer banks and foreign governments to individual retail investors rather than negotiating with all of these buyers directly the treasury instead holds regular au... | |
what is non controlling interest | a non controlling interest is an ownership position in which a shareholder owns less than 50 of outstanding shares and has no control over decisions it s also known as a minority interest non controlling interests are measured at the net asset value of entities they don t account for potential voting rights most shareh... | |
what is net asset value | net asset value nav is the value that remains after all liabilities have been expensed it s typically just one factor considered in the performance of an asset | |
how many shares are necessary to become an activist investor | an activist investor acquires an average of 6 of a company s outstanding shares according to the harvard law school forum on corporate governance less than 5 of outstanding shares awards a minor ownership position but even 5 might be a large holding in a small single company | |
what is goodwill in accounting | goodwill is considered to be an intangible asset the term is commonly used to describe a situation in which company a is willing to pay more than the fair market value of company b s net assets in a bid to acquire company b the bottom linea non controlling interest is a minority interest the shareholder owns less than ... | |
what is a noncovered security | a noncovered security is a designation given by the u s securities and exchange commission sec which means a brokerage is not required to report the cost basis of that security to the irs the adjusted cost basis of non covered securities is only reported to the taxpayer not to the irs noncovered securities are generall... | |
what is a covered security | in 2008 congress passed legislation which required brokers to report the adjusted cost basis for securities and mutual funds to both the investors and the internal revenue service irs effective tax year 2011 1 since 2011 the cost basis of certain securities has been reported through form 1099 b which indicates whether ... | |
what is cost basis for an investment | cost basis is the original purchase price for an asset and it is used to calculate the profit or loss that a taxpayer gets from selling that asset for investments the cost basis of a security may be adjusted due to stock splits dividends and other corporate actions 7 | |
what if i don t know the cost basis for a stock i sold | the brokerage that you used to purchase the stock should have records of the sale even if you didn t keep those records yourself you should be able to find them through the brokerage website or by calling the company directly the bottom linea noncovered security is an sec designation indicating that a broker does not h... | |
what is a non deliverable forward ndf | a non deliverable forward ndf is a cash settled and usually short term forward contract the notional amount is never exchanged hence the name non deliverable two parties agree to take opposite sides of a transaction for a set amount of money at a contracted rate in the case of a currency ndf this means that counterpart... | |
what is a non deliverable swap nds | a non deliverable swap nds is a variation on a currency swap between major and minor currencies that is restricted or not convertible this means that there is no actual delivery of the two currencies involved in the swap unlike a typical currency swap where there is physical exchange of currency flows instead periodic ... | |
what is a non disclosure agreement nda | a non disclosure agreement nda is a legally binding contract that establishes a confidential relationship between two parties one that holds sensitive information and the other that will receive that sensitive information the latter agrees that the information they receive won t be made available to others an nda may a... | |
what happens if you break a non disclosure agreement | you ll be susceptible to the consequences outlined in the contract if you break an nda it s not usually considered a crime but it can be depending on what was violated such as if the issue is theft of trade secrets an individual will typically be sued if they break an nda and this can result in a monetary fine terminat... | |
how long does an nda last | every nda is unique so each can last a different amount of time common timeframes range from one year to 10 years however depending on the information that s to be kept private an nda can also be indefinite it must not be too open ended or generic for an nda to be enforceable in some states the courts will otherwise th... | |
how much does an nda cost | the cost of an nda can vary depending on the complexity of the agreement creating one typically ranges from 175 to 1 500 | |
what is an nda template | an nda template is a non disclosure agreement format that an individual or company can follow to create their own nda the template will have the general legal information and blanks that can be filled in to create a unique nda between two or more parties that applies to their relationship nda templates can be easily fo... | |
what is a non executive director | the term non executive director refers to a member of a company s board of directors this board member isn t a company employee which means they don t engage in the day to day management of the organization rather most non executive directors act as independent advisors and are involved in policymaking and planning exe... | |
what is the role of a non executive director | a non executive director is an individual appointed to a company s board of directors they are not employed by the company but act as independent advisors or directors to help the company achieve its goals they are involved in policymaking and planning exercises and routinely monitor the company s executive directors t... | |
are non executive directors compensated | most non executive directors are compensated for their time compensation can be through fees equity or cash their compensation can be high because of their experience and connections within their respective industries | |
how do non executive directors differ from executive directors | non executive directors are different from executive directors executive directors normally work for non profits and assume the same responsibilities as a ceo including managing the day to day operations overseeing fundraising boosting membership and sticking to a budget unlike non executive directors many executive di... | |
what is a non exempt employee | a few factors make an employee non exempt such as being entitled to overtime pay earning less than 684 a week per federal law and holding executive administrative or professional positions 1non exempt employees are workers who are entitled to earn at least the federal minimum wage and qualify for overtime pay which is ... | |
what is the difference between an exempt employee and a non exempt employee | the difference between an exempt employee and a non exempt employee is that non exempt employees are entitled to overtime pay exempt employees on the other hand do not qualify for overtime pay 3 | |
is it better to be an exempt employee or a non exempt employee | whether it is better to be an exempt employee or a non exempt employee depends on a variety of factors such as the type of job and a person s background education and personal situation exempt employees are generally paid higher and receive benefits at their jobs such as retirement plans and health insurance however th... | |
what is nonfarm payroll | nonfarm payroll measures the number of workers in the u s except those who work in farming private households non profits and sole proprietorships or self employment as well as those who are active military service members the bureau of labor statistics bls surveys private and government entities throughout the u s to ... | |
how do nonfarm payrolls impact the financial market | the report contains data and statistics regarding the employment situation in the united states which can be used to identify trends in economic growth inflation housing starts and gross domestic product all of which affect the movement of financial markets | |
when are nonfarm payrolls released | the data is commonly released on the first friday of each month at 8 30 am et and reflects the previous month s data | |
is nonfarm payrolls a leading or lagging indicator | the nonfarm payroll report is not a leading indicator but provides a snapshot of incidents that affect the overall economy the bottom linenonfarm payroll refers to the number of jobs in the private sector and government agencies it excludes farm workers private household employees proprietors non profit employees and a... | |
what are non gaap earnings | non gaap earnings are an alternative accounting method used to measure the earnings of a company many companies report non gaap earnings in addition to their earnings based on generally accepted accounting principles gaap these pro forma figures which exclude one time transactions can sometimes provide a more accurate ... | |
when used appropriately these non gaap financial measures can help companies provide a more meaningful picture of the company s performance and value presenting only the financial results of the core business activities can be useful however there are no regulations around non gaap earnings per share eps investors have... | criticism of non gaap earningsa company s quality of earnings is important so investors need to consider the validity of non gaap exclusions on a case by case basis to avoid being misled studies have shown that adjusted figures are more likely to exclude losses than gains gaap earnings now significantly trail non gaap ... | |
what is a non interest bearing current liability nibcl | a non interest bearing current liability nibcl is a category of expenses that an individual or a company must pay off within the calendar year but will not owe interest on taxes that do not include late penalties as well as accounts payable within the credit terms timelines or without late fees are examples of nibcls t... | |
what is non interest income | non interest income is bank and creditor income derived primarily from fees including deposit and transaction fees insufficient funds nsf fees annual fees monthly account service charges inactivity fees check and deposit slip fees and so on credit card issuers also charge penalty fees including late fees and over the l... | |
what is a non issuer transaction | a non issuer transaction is a transaction involving a security that is not directly or indirectly executed for the benefit of the issuing company most deals that occur on the secondary market such as stock exchanges involve non issuer transactions secondary offerings or share buybacks that will involve the issuer under... | |
what are non marginable securities | non marginable securities are not allowed to be purchased on margin at a particular brokerage or financial institution they must be fully funded by the investor s cash most brokerage firms have internal lists of non marginable securities which investors can find online or by contacting their institutions these lists wi... | |
how non marginable securities work | the main goal of keeping some securities away from margin investors is to mitigate risk and control the administrative costs of excessive margin calls on what are usually volatile stocks with uncertain cash flows examples of non marginable securities include recent initial public offerings ipos when a news outlet repor... | |
what is a non marketable security | a non marketable security is an asset that is difficult to buy or sell due to the fact that they are not traded on any major secondary market exchanges such securities often forms of debt or fixed income securities are usually only bought and sold through private transactions or in an over the counter otc market for th... | |
what are non member banks | non member banks are banks that are not members of the u s federal reserve system as with member banks non member banks are subject to reserve requirements which they have to maintain by placing a percentage of their deposits at a federal reserve bank although non member banks are not required to purchase stock in thei... | |
how non member banks work | non member banks can only be state chartered since all nationally chartered banks necessarily have to be members of the federal reserve system one reason that state chartered banks may decide to refrain from membership is that regulation can be less onerous some believe under the federal deposit insurance corporation f... | |
what is non negotiable | non negotiable means not open for debate or modification it can refer to the price of a good or security that is firmly established and cannot be adjusted or a part of a contract or deal that is considered a requirement by one or both involved parties additionally the term can relate to a good or security whose ownersh... | |
when an asking price is described as non negotiable it means it is not possible to haggle over it when one party sets a non negotiable price the option to attempt to negotiate has been effectively removed by the first party s unwillingness to participate in such a conversation | for example a homeowner may be unwilling to sell their property unless a buyer offers at least 250 000 if the individual deems the asking price to be non negotiable a bid of 245 000 will be rejected a big company such as walmart inc is less likely to make price concessions than a much smaller retailer because it often ... | |
what is a non objecting beneficial owner nobo | a non objecting beneficial owner nobo is a beneficial owner of a company who gives permission to a financial intermediary to release their name and address to the companies or issuers in which they have bought securities this allows companies to contact the beneficial owner directly with various communication related t... | |
what is a non operating asset | a non operating asset is a class of assets that are not essential to the ongoing operations of a business but may still generate income or provide a return on investment roi these assets are listed on a company s balance sheet along with its operating assets and they may or may not be broken out separately understandin... | |
what is a non operating expense | a non operating expense is a business expense unrelated to core operations the most common types of non operating expenses are interest charges and losses on the disposition of assets accountants sometimes remove non operating expenses and non operating revenues to examine the performance of the core business excluding... | |
when looking at a company s income statement from top to bottom operating expenses are the first costs displayed below revenue the company starts the preparation of its income statement with top line revenue cost of goods sold cogs is subtracted from revenue to arrive at gross income | after gross income is calculated operating costs are subtracted to get the company s operating profit or earnings before interest and tax ebit after operating profit has been derived non operating expenses are subtracted from operating profit to arrive at earnings before taxes ebt taxes are then deducted to derive net ... | |
what are examples of non operating expenses | interest payments the costs of disposing of property or assets not related to operations restructuring costs inventory write downs lawsuits and other one time charges are common examples of non operating expenses | |
what is non operating income | non operating income is the portion of an organization s income that is derived from activities not related to its core business operations it can include items such as dividend income profits or losses from investments as well as gains or losses incurred by foreign exchange and asset write downs non operating income i... | |
what is non owner occupied | non owner occupied is a classification used in mortgage origination risk based pricing and housing statistics for one to four unit investment properties the classification means that the owner does not occupy the property the term is not typically used for multifamily rental properties such as apartment buildings under... |
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