id stringlengths 16 145 | text stringlengths 1 179k | title stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_30_2.txt | ble code.
I use Linux, like to crack jokes, and enjoy attending developer meetups and
conferences like EuroPython.
I do not own any pets or hair care products.
Search for: Search
## Tags
* [ Attribute lookup ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/attribute-lookup/)
* [ ChainMap ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/c... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_14_10.txt | reference to ` x ` , because ` x ` is the first local variable,
i.e. at index ` 0 ` , which can be also seen from the function’s metadata
presented just above.
Similarly, ` LOAD_FAST 1 ` pushes a reference to ` y ` onto the stack,
resulting in the following state after the first two bytecode instructions
have been exe... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_26_1.txt | ve snippet to demonstrate all three
possible outcomes, and how they can be handled with just a single dictionary
lookup.
### Share this:
* [ Twitter ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2020/04/01/distinguishing-between-none-and-missing-values-in-dictionaries-with-a-sentinel/?share=twitter "Click to share on Twitter")
... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_28_0.txt | Instead of having each thing do all possible things, we can combine operations
to get the same effect without the duplicated behaviour. | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_27_0.txt | Let's begin with a simple example of a Python dictionary: | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_66_0.txt | [ 
(41.2 kB view hashes ) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_4_2.txt | ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2017/09/25/first-blog-post/?share=facebook "Click to share on Facebook")
*
Like Loading...
Author [ Peter Lamut ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/author/peterlamut/)... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_111_0.txt | Download the file for your platform. If you're not sure which to choose, learn
more about [ installing packages
](https://packaging.python.org/tutorials/installing-packages/ "External link")
. | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_45_0.txt | [ yagsa ](https://discuss.codecademy.com/u/yagsa) May 19, 2021, 7:39pm 9 | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_78_0.txt | ### Verified details | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_1_2.txt | 0/04/)
* [ June 2019 ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2019/06/)
* [ February 2019 ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2019/02/)
* [ November 2018 ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2018/11/)
* [ May 2018 ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2018/05/)
* [ February 2018 ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2018/02/)
* [ December 2017 ](... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_107_0.txt | 0.1.0 | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_31_0.txt | Skip to content
[ ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
[ Peter Lamut's blog ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
Mostly writings about Python and programming in general
Menu
* [ Home ](/)
* [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/plamut "Twitter: @plamut")
* [ GitHub ](https://github.com/plamut "GitHub: plamut")
* [ Stac... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_67_0.txt | some_var = 128
example_values = {
"variable": some_var,
"function_output": some_func()
} | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_61_0.txt |
## When to use a Python dictionary | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_72_0.txt | About | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_50_0.txt | # Get the year Blade Runner was released
blade_runner_year = movie_years["Blade Runner"] | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_59_0.txt | Watch as video __ | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_45_0.txt | This is the most basic but versatile and dynamic lookup. (HINT: For Java
folks, it corresponds to your AbstractLookup ;-) ). | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_22_0.txt | * [ __ Homepage ](https://github.com/AxelVoitier/lookups) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_110_0.txt | ## Download files | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_33_0.txt | Any _mutable_ Python object doesn't have a consistent hash value over its
lifetime, and so can't be used as a key. For instance, a list can't be a key,
because elements can be added to or removed from a list. Likewise, a
dictionary itself can't be a key for the same reason. But a tuple _can_ be a
key, because a tuple i... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_91_0.txt | **Author:** [ Axel Voitier ](mailto:axel.voitier@gmail.com) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/real_python_0_10.txt | thon%20Descriptors%3A%20An%20Introduction&url=https%3A%2F%2Frealpython.com%2Fpython-
descriptors%2F) [ Facebook
](https://facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Frealpython.com%2Fpython-
descriptors%2F) [ Email
](mailto:?subject=Python%20article%20for%20you&body=Python%20Descriptors%3A%20An%20Introduction%20on%2... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_11_0.txt | Skip to content
[ ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
[ Peter Lamut's blog ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
Mostly writings about Python and programming in general
Menu
* [ Home ](/)
* [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/plamut "Twitter: @plamut")
* [ GitHub ](https://github.com/plamut "GitHub: plamut")
* [ Stac... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_27_2.txt | okup/)
* [ ChainMap ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/chainmap/)
* [ Classmethod ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/classmethod/)
* [ CPython internals ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/cpython-internals/)
* [ Debugging ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/debugging/)
* [ Decorators ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_0_0.txt | Skip to content
[ ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
[ Peter Lamut's blog ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
Mostly writings about Python and programming in general
Menu
* [ Home ](/)
* [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/plamut "Twitter: @plamut")
* [ GitHub ](https://github.com/plamut "GitHub: plamut")
* [ Stac... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_49_0.txt | my_content = InstanceContent()
my_lookup = GenericLookup(my_content) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_23_0.txt | Programming languages all come with a variety of data structures, each suited
to specific kinds of jobs. Among the data structures built into Python, the
dictionary, or Python ` dict ` , stands out. A Python dictionary is a fast,
versatile way to store and retrieve data by way of a name or even a more
complex object ty... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_3_2.txt | CPython internals ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/cpython-internals/)
* [ Debugging ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/debugging/)
* [ Decorators ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/decorators/)
* [ Descriptors ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/descriptors/)
* [ Dictionary ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/dict... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_76_0.txt | [ dev8333153918 ](https://discuss.codecademy.com/u/dev8333153918) March 21,
2023, 1:13pm 15 | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_48_0.txt | To retrieve a value from a dictionary, you use Python's indexing syntax: | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_6_0.txt | * [ Help ](/help/)
* [ Sponsors ](/sponsors/)
* [ Log in ](/account/login/)
* [ Register ](/account/register/) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_62_0.txt | 7 Likes | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_74_0.txt | * Provides GenericLookup and InstanceContent, based on SetStorage. These are the first dynamic lookups. They are based on Netbeans' AbstractLookup, InstanceContent and ArrayStorage.
* Lookup listeners are just simple callables now.
* Follows PEP 561 for packages providing typing information.
* Improved quality assuranc... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_97_0.txt |
This removes the key/value pair ` {"Blade Runner": 1982} ` from our example at
the beginning of the article. | |
python_descriptors_attribute/real_python_5_0.txt | ## Ordering Arguments in a Function
Now that you have learned what ` *args ` and ` **kwargs ` are for, you are
ready to start writing functions that take a varying number of input
arguments. But what if you want to create a function that takes a changeable
number of both positional _and_ named arguments?
In this cas... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_32_2.txt | thon internals ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/cpython-internals/)
* [ Debugging ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/debugging/)
* [ Decorators ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/decorators/)
* [ Descriptors ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/descriptors/)
* [ Dictionary ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/dictiona... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_105_0.txt | ](/project/lookups/0.2.0/) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_36_0.txt | [ 
](https://github.com/Axe... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_20_0.txt | _These details have **not** been verified by PyPI _ | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_46_0.txt | It comes in two main parts: | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_67_0.txt | ](/static/images/logo-vertical.8c4f70b1fae5.svg) ](/) © 2024 | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_52_0.txt | parent = ParentClass()
my_content.add(parent)
child1 = ChildClass()
my_content.add(child1)
child2 = ChildClass()
my_content.add(child2) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_91_0.txt | Something you might notice when iterating through dictionaries is that the
keys are generally returned in the order in which they are inserted. | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_57_0.txt | def value_lookup(value, dictionary):
if value in dictionary.values():
print(f"\"{value}\" is a value within the dictionary.")
else:
print(f"\"{value}\" is not a value within the dictionary.") | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_64_0.txt | [ Making the len function work on your Python objects ](/making-the-len-
function-work-on-your-python-objects/) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_44_0.txt | ## A Python tip every week | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_7_0.txt | Hello, guys! | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_69_0.txt | * Jaroslav Tulach - Lookup API, AbstractLookup, InstanceContent, ArrayStorage
* Marian Petras - Singleton lookup
* David Strupl - Common lookup implementations | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_29_5.txt | . That’s probably because when creating a new instance of the model, SQLAlchemy loops over the ` kwargs ` dict somewhere down the rabbit hole, but the order of the dictionary keys is arbitrary. ↩
2. Python2 only. In Python3 we would get ` TypeError: unorderable types ` . ↩
3. Provided that types do not define t... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_17_0.txt | There’s nothing stopping you from iterating through the values and comparing
it to a value of your own. But that’s no different from using a list, it’s
completely different from testing whether a key is present. | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_52_0.txt | [ Dunder methods in Python 03:58 __ ](/what-are-dunder-methods/?watch) [
Customizing the string representation of your objects 03:28 __
](/customizing-string-representation-your-objects/?watch) [ Overloading
equality in Python 03:34 __ ](/overloading-equality-in-python/?watch) [
Supporting index and key lookups ... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_49_0.txt | example_values["integer"] # yields 32 | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_133_0.txt | ## Using PyPI | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_4_1.txt | < -1
True
>>> None < -float('inf')
True
>>> None < 'foobar'
True
>>> 'foobar' > -1
True
>>> 'foobar' > 42
True
>>> tuple >= (lambda x: x)
True
>>> type > Ellipsis
True
Oh… of course. It’s Python2 that we use on the project (doh).
You see, Python2 is perfectly h... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_63_0.txt | [ alicia.markoe ](https://discuss.codecademy.com/u/alicia.markoe) December
16, 2021, 1:01am 12 | |
python_descriptors_attribute/real_python_8_0.txt | ## Keep reading Real Python by creating a free account or signing in:
[ 
](/account/signup/?intent=continue_reading&utm_source=rp&utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=rwn&utm_content=v1&next=%2Fpython-
kwargs-and-args%2F)
[ Continue »
](/account/signup/?intent=con... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_58_0.txt |
I tried it with the dictionary from the exercise: | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_31_0.txt | 11 Likes | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_5_0.txt | Skip to content
[ ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
[ Peter Lamut's blog ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
Mostly writings about Python and programming in general
Menu
* [ Home ](/)
* [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/plamut "Twitter: @plamut")
* [ GitHub ](https://github.com/plamut "GitHub: plamut")
* [ Stac... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_35_0.txt | A given key is unique to a given dictionary. Multiples of the same key aren't
possible. If you want to have a key that points to multiple values, you'd use
a structure like a list, a tuple, or even another dictionary as the value.
(More about this shortly.) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_53_0.txt | A Python Tip Every Week | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_28_2.txt | ://blog.peterlamut.com/2018/05/12/a-few-thoughts-on-working-
remotely/?replytocom=630#respond)
## Leave a comment [ Cancel reply ](/2018/05/12/a-few-thoughts-on-working-
remotely/#respond)
Δ
This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. [ Learn how your comment data is
processed ](https://akismet.com/privacy/) .
## Pos... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_26_0.txt | ## Working with Python dictionaries | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_70_0.txt | Details | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_6_0.txt | Skip to content
[ ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
[ Peter Lamut's blog ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
Mostly writings about Python and programming in general
Menu
* [ Home ](/)
* [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/plamut "Twitter: @plamut")
* [ GitHub ](https://github.com/plamut "GitHub: plamut")
* [ Stac... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_19_0.txt | ### Unverified details | |
python_descriptors_attribute/real_python_1_0.txt | [  ](/)
* [ Start Here ](/start-here/)
* Learn Python
[ Python Tutorials →
In-depth articles and video courses
](/search?kind=article&kind=course&order=newest) [ Learning Paths →
Guided study plans for accelerated learning ](/learning-paths/) [ Quizze... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_119_0.txt | ### [ Hashes ](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/topics/secure-installs/#hash-
checking-mode "External link") for lookups-0.3.0.tar.gz | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_23_0.txt |
While dictionaries support **key lookups** using square brackets: | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_98_0.txt | Note that setting a key or a value to ` None ` is not the same as _removing_
those elements from the dictionary. For instance, the command `
movie_titles["Blade Runner"] = None ` would just set the value of that key to
` None ` ; it wouldn't remove the key altogether. | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_97_0.txt | This version | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_12_0.txt | Close | |
python_descriptors_attribute/real_python_3_0.txt | ## Using the Python args Variable in Function Definitions
There are a few ways you can pass a varying number of arguments to a function.
The first way is often the most intuitive for people that have experience with
collections. You simply pass a list or a [ set
](https://realpython.com/python-sets/) of all the argum... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_14_12.txt |
7
>>> b[-3:0] ... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_68_0.txt |
In this case, we set ` some_var ` to the integer ` 128 ` before defining the
dictionary. The key ` "variable" ` would contain the value ` 128 ` . But if we
changed ` some_var ` _after_ the dictionary was defined, the contents of the `
"variable" ` key would _not_ change. (This rule also applies to Python lists
and oth... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_29_1.txt | lotw) {
x = slotw(v, w);
if (x != Py_NotImplemented)
return x;
Py_DECREF(x); /* can't do it */
}
Py_RETURN_NOTIMPLEMENTED;
}
##### Delegating the work to the right function
The ` binary_op1() ` function expects references to two Python obje... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_32_0.txt | Skip to content
[ ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
[ Peter Lamut's blog ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
Mostly writings about Python and programming in general
Menu
* [ Home ](/)
* [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/plamut "Twitter: @plamut")
* [ GitHub ](https://github.com/plamut "GitHub: plamut")
* [ Stac... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_2_1.txt | attribute ` x ` into a descriptor:
>>> Foo.x = DescriptorX()
>>> Foo.__dict__['x']
<__main__.DescriptorX at 0x7fa0b2ff3790>
Accessing a descriptor does not simply return it as it is the case with non-
descriptor attributes, but instead invokes its ` __get__() ` method and return
the result.... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_139_0.txt | © 2024 [ Python Software Foundation ](https://www.python.org/psf-landing/
"External link")
[ Site map ](/sitemap/) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_72_0.txt | * Adds a EntryPointLookup.
* Adds a DelegatedLookup.
* Adds a ProxyLookup.
* Adds a proper resolution for system default lookup Lookup.get_default().
* Fixes issue with listeners registration disappearing immediately when using object-bound methods.
* Content of a GenericLookup can now behave like a Container (ie. you ... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_23_0.txt | Have a wonderful day!  | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_21_0.txt | * Working with Python dictionaries
* When to use a Python dictionary
* Gotchas for values in dictionaries
* Calling function objects in dictionaries
* Iterating through dictionaries
* Ordering in Python dictionaries
* Removing items from dictionaries
* Finding keys by way of values
* Dictionaries vs. sets | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_90_0.txt | **License:** Mozilla Public License 2.0 (MPL 2.0) (MPLv2) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_21_1.txt | bove snippet to demonstrate all three
possible outcomes, and how they can be handled with just a single dictionary
lookup.
### Share this:
* [ Twitter ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/2020/04/01/distinguishing-between-none-and-missing-values-in-dictionaries-with-a-sentinel/?share=twitter "Click to share on Twitter")... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_31_0.txt | This ` ForgivingIndexer ` class has a [ ` __init__ ` method
](https://www.pythonmorsels.com/what-is-init/) and a ` __getitem__ ` method: | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_34_0.txt | Strings, numbers (integers and floats alike), tuples, and built-in singleton
objects ( ` True ` , ` False ` , and ` None ` ) are all common types to use as
keys. | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_115_0.txt | [ InfoWorld ](/) Follow us | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_63_0.txt | * **You want to store objects and data using names, not just positions or index numbers.** If you want to store elements so that you can retrieve them by their index number, use a list. Note that you _can_ use integers as index keys, but this isn't quite the same as storing data in a list structure, which is optimized ... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/howtousepythondictio_47_0.txt |
### Getting and setting dictionary keys and values | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_13_2.txt | [ ChainMap ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/chainmap/)
* [ Classmethod ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/classmethod/)
* [ CPython internals ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/cpython-internals/)
* [ Debugging ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/debugging/)
* [ Decorators ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/decorat... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_122_0.txt | __ Close | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_16_1.txt | lections.ChainMap
](https://docs.python.org/3/library/collections.html#chainmap-objects) , a
handy class that can transparently group multiple dicts together. We just need
to pass it all our settings layers (higher-priority ones first), and ChainMap
takes care of the rest:
>>> from collections import Cha... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/lookups_31_0.txt | ###### Classifiers | |
python_descriptors_attribute/supportingindexandke_47_0.txt | Website | |
python_descriptors_attribute/462180_13_0.txt | [ FAQ: Using Dictionaries - Safely Get a Key
](https://discuss.codecademy.com/t/faq-using-dictionaries-safely-get-a-
key/372500) | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_9_1.txt | debugging/) , [ Python
](https://blog.peterlamut.com/tag/python/)
## 3 thoughts on “Dropping into a debugger with the built-in debugger()
function”
1.  **Sarah Nabil** says:
[ December 27, 2019... | |
python_descriptors_attribute/Peter_Lamut_blog_4_0.txt | Skip to content
[ ](https://blog.peterlamut.com/)
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Mostly writings about Python and programming in general
Menu
* [ Home ](/)
* [ Twitter ](https://twitter.com/plamut "Twitter: @plamut")
* [ GitHub ](https://github.com/plamut "GitHub: plamut")
* [ Stac... |
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