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Calendar_era | A calendar era is the year numbering system used by a calendar . For example , the Gregorian calendar numbers its years in the Western Christian era ( the Coptic Orthodox and Ethiopian Orthodox churches have their own Christian eras ) . The instant , date , or year from which time is marked is called the epoch of the e... | |
Business_routes_of_Interstate_80 | Business routes of Interstate 80 exist in four states ; California , Nevada , Utah , and Wyoming . | |
Carbon_credit | A carbon credit is a generic term for any tradable certificate or permit representing the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide or the mass of another greenhouse gas with a carbon dioxide equivalent ( tCO2e ) equivalent to one tonne of carbon dioxide . Carbon credits and carbon markets are a component of national... | |
Carbon_emission_trading | Carbon emissions trading is a form of emissions trading that specifically targets carbon dioxide ( calculated in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent or tCO2e ) and it currently constitutes the bulk of emissions trading . This form of permit trading is a common method countries utilize in order to meet their obligatio... | |
Carboniferous | The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period million years ago ( Mya ) , to the beginning of the Permian Period , Mya . The name Carboniferous means `` coal-bearing '' and derives from the Latin words carbo #Latin ( `` coal '' ) and fero #Latin ( `` I... | |
Carbon_tax | A carbon tax is a tax levied on the carbon content of fuels . It is a form of carbon pricing . Carbon is present in every hydrocarbon fuel ( coal , petroleum , and natural gas ) and converted to carbon dioxide and other products when combusted . In contrast , non-combustion energy sources -- wind , sunlight , geotherma... | |
Calendar_date | A calendar date is a reference to a particular day represented within a calendar system . The calendar date allows the specific day to be identified . The number of days between two dates may be calculated . For example , `` 24 '' is ten days after `` 14 '' in the Gregorian calendar . The date of a particular event dep... | |
Carbon_dioxide_in_Earth's_atmosphere | Carbon dioxide is an important trace gas in Earth 's atmosphere . Currently it constitutes about 0.041 % ( equal to 410 parts per million ; ppm ) by volume of the atmosphere . Despite its relatively small concentration is a potent greenhouse gas and plays a vital role in regulating Earth 's surface temperature through ... | |
Carbon-neutral_fuel | Carbon-neutral fuels can refer to a variety of energy fuels or energy systems which have no net greenhouse gas emissions or carbon footprint . One class is synthetic fuel ( including methane , gasoline , diesel fuel , jet fuel or ammonia ) produced from sustainable or nuclear energy used to hydrogenate waste carbon dio... | |
California_Senate_Bill_32 | The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 : emissions limit , or SB-32 , is a California Senate bill expanding upon AB-32 to reduce greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions . The lead author is Senator Fran Pavley and the principal co-author is Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia . SB-32 was signed into law on September 8 ... | |
Carbon-to-nitrogen_ratio | A carbon-to-nitrogen ratio ( C/N ratio or C : N ratio ) is a ratio of the mass of carbon to the mass of nitrogen in a substance . It can , amongst other things , be used in analysing sediments and compost . A useful application for C/N ratios is as a proxy for paleoclimate research , having different uses whether the s... | |
Carbonate_platform | A carbonate platform is a sedimentary body which possesses topographic relief , and is composed of autochthonous calcareous deposits ( Wilson , 1975 ) . Platform growth is mediated by sessile organisms whose skeletons build up the reef or by organisms ( usually microbes ) which induce carbonate precipitation through th... | |
Cape_(geography) | In geography , a cape is a headland or a promontory of large size extending into a body of water , usually the sea . A cape usually represents a marked change in trend of the coastline . Their proximity to the coastline makes them prone to natural forms of erosion , mainly tidal actions . This results in capes having ... | |
California_Proposition_19_(2010) | California Proposition 19 ( also known as the Regulate , Control & Tax Cannabis Act ) was a ballot initiative on the November 2 , 2010 statewide ballot . It was defeated , with 53.5 % of California voters voting `` No '' and 46.5 % voting `` Yes . '' If passed , it would have legalized various marijuana-related activit... | |
Carbon_dioxide_reforming | Carbon dioxide reformation ( also known as dry reformation ) is a method of producing synthesis gas ( mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide ) from the reaction of carbon dioxide with hydrocarbons such as methane . Synthesis gas is conventionally produced via the steam reforming reaction . In recent years , increased... | |
Cape_Palos | Cape Palos ( Cabo de Palos ) is a cape in the Spanish municipality of Cartagena , in the region of Murcia . It is part of a small range of volcanic mounts that form a small peninsula . The Mediterranean islands of Grosa and the group known as the Hormigas Islands are part of this range , as well as the islands in the M... | |
California_Air_Resources_Board | The California Air Resources Board , also known as CARB or ARB , is the `` clean air agency '' in the government of California . Established in 1967 when then-governor Ronald Reagan signed the Mulford-Carrell Act , combining the Bureau of Air Sanitation and the Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Board , CARB is a departme... | |
Canadian_Arctic_tundra | The Canadian Arctic tundra is a biogeographic designation for Northern Canada 's terrain generally lying north of the tree line or boreal forest , that corresponds with the Scandinavian Alpine tundra to the east and the Siberian Arctic tundra to the west inside the circumpolar tundra belt of the Northern hemisphere . ... | |
Cannibalism_(zoology) | In zoology , cannibalism is the act of one individual of a species consuming all or part of another individual of the same species as food . To consume the same species or show cannibalism is a common ecological interaction in the animal kingdom and has been recorded for more than 1,500 species . It does not , as once... | |
Carbon_black | Carbon black ( subtypes are acetylene black , channel black , furnace black , lamp black and thermal black ) is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar , coal tar , ethylene cracking tar , and a small amount from vegetable oil . Carbon black is a form of paracrystall... | |
Carbon_Shredders | `` Carbon Shredder '' refers to any group or individual who collectively tracks and reduces their Carbon footprint through reduction of energy use . The un-trademarked term began with a group of activists who created a website and online tool to allow any group or individual to measure , reduce and track their person... | |
California_Endangered_Species_Act | In 1970 California became one of the first states to implement an act that conserves and protects endangered species and their environments . The California Endangered Species Act ( CESA ) declares that , `` all native species of fishes , amphibians , reptiles , birds , mammals , invertebrates , and plants , and their ... | |
Carl_Sagan | Carl Edward Sagan ( -LSB- ˈseɪɡən -RSB- November 9 , 1934 -- December 20 , 1996 ) was an American astronomer , cosmologist , astrophysicist , astrobiologist , author , science popularizer , and science communicator in astronomy and other natural sciences . He is best known for his work as a science popularizer and comm... | |
Carbon_accounting | Carbon accounting refers generally to processes undertaken to `` measure '' amounts of carbon dioxide equivalents emitted by an entity . It is used inter alia by nation states , corporations , individuals -- to create the carbon credit commodity traded on carbon markets ( or to establish the demand for carbon credits )... | |
Business_sector | In economics , the business sector or corporate sector is `` the part of the economy made up by companies '' . It is a subset of the domestic economy , excluding the economic activities of general government , of private households , and of non-profit organizations serving individuals . An alternative analysis of econ... | |
Capacity_factor | The net capacity factor is the unitless ratio of an actual electrical energy output over a given period of time to the maximum possible electrical energy output over the same amount of time . The capacity factor is defined for any electricity producing installation , i.e. a fuel consuming power plant or one using rene... | |
Canadian_Association_of_Petroleum_Producers | The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers ( CAPP ) , with its head office in Calgary , Alberta , is an influential lobby group that represents the upstream Canadian oil and natural gas industry . CAPP 's members produce `` 90 % of Canada 's natural gas and crude oil '' and `` are an important part of a national i... | |
CLIMAT | CLIMAT is a code for reporting monthly climatological data assembled at land-based meteorological surface observation sites to data centres . CLIMAT-coded messages contain information on several meteorological variables that are important to monitor characteristics , changes , and variability of climate . Usually these... | |
California_Gold_Rush | The California Gold Rush ( 1848 -- 1855 ) began on January 24 , 1848 , when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter 's Mill in Coloma , California . The news of gold brought some 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad . The sudden influx of immigration and gold into the money s... | |
Call_signs_in_the_United_States | Call signs in the United States are three to seven characters in length , including suffixes for certain types of service , but the minimum length for new stations is four characters , and seven-character call signs result only from rare combinations of suffixes . All broadcast call signs in the United States begin wit... | |
Carbon | Carbon ( from carbo `` coal '' ) is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6 . It is nonmetallic and tetravalent -- making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds . Three isotopes occur naturally , C and C being stable , while C is a radioactive isotope , decaying with a half-life of about ... | |
California_Connected | California Connected was a television newsmagazine that broadcast stories about the state of California to `` increase civic engagement . '' The show was created by Marley Klaus and aired on twelve PBS member stations throughout California . In 2006 , former NBC producer Bret Marcus took over as executive producer . Th... | |
Campaign_against_Climate_Change | The Campaign against Climate Change ( variously abbreviated to CCC or CaCC ) is a UK-based pressure group that aims to raise public awareness of anthropogenic climate change through mobilizing mass demonstrations . Founded in 2001 in response to President Bush 's rejection of the Kyoto Protocol , the organization saw a... | |
Carbon_dioxide | Carbon dioxide ( chemical formula ) is a colorless gas with a density about 60 % higher than that of air ( 1.225 g/L ) that is odorless at normally encountered concentrations . Carbon dioxide consists of a carbon atom covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms . It occurs naturally in Earth 's atmosphere as a trace g... | |
Centre_for_the_Study_of_Existential_Risk | The Centre for the Study of Existential Risk ( CSER ) is a research centre at the University of Cambridge , intended to study possible extinction-level threats posed by present or future technology . The co-founders of the centre are Huw Price ( a philosophy professor at Cambridge ) , Martin Rees ( a cosmologist , astr... | |
Central_Valley_Project | The Central Valley Project ( CVP ) is a federal water management project in the U.S. state of California under the supervision of the United States Bureau of Reclamation . It was devised in 1933 in order to provide irrigation and municipal water to much of California 's Central Valley -- by regulating and storing water... | |
Cerro_Prieto | Cerro Prieto ( Wee Ñaay , `` Black Hill '' ) is a volcano located approximately 29 km ( 18 mi ) SSE of Mexicali in the Mexican state of Baja California . The volcano lies astride a spreading center associated with the East Pacific Rise . This spreading center is also responsible for a large geothermal field which has b... | |
Chemical_element | A chemical element or element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei ( i.e. the same atomic number , or Z ) . There are 118 elements that have been identified , of which the first 94 occur naturally on Earth with the remaining 24 being synthetic elements . There are 80 elements t... | |
Catastrophism | Catastrophism is the theory that the Earth has been affected in the past by sudden , short-lived , violent events , possibly worldwide in scope . This was in contrast to uniformitarianism ( sometimes described as gradualism ) , in which slow incremental changes , such as erosion , created all the Earth 's geological fe... | |
Chemical_process | In a scientific sense , a chemical process is a method or means of somehow changing one or more chemicals or chemical compounds . Such a chemical process can occur by itself or be caused by an outside force , and involves a chemical reaction of some sort . In an `` engineering '' sense , a chemical process is a method ... | |
Chimney | A chimney is a structure that provides ventilation for hot flue gases or smoke from a boiler , stove , furnace or fireplace to the outside atmosphere . Chimneys are typically vertical , or as near as possible to vertical , to ensure that the gases flow smoothly , drawing air into the combustion in what is known as the ... | |
Central_California | Central California is a subregion of Northern California , generally thought of as the middle third of the state , north of Southern California . It includes the northern portion of the San Joaquin Valley ( which itself is the southern portion of the Central Valley , beginning at the Sacramento -- San Joaquin River Del... | |
Charleston,_West_Virginia | Charleston is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of West Virginia . It is located at the confluence of the Elk and Kanawha Rivers in Kanawha County . As of the 2013 Census Estimate , it had a population of 50,821 , while its metropolitan area had 224,743 . It is a center of government , commerce , and indus... | |
Chemical_substance | A chemical substance is a form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties . It can not be separated into components by physical separation methods , i.e. , without breaking chemical bonds . Chemical substances can be chemical elements , chemical compounds , ions or alloys . Chemica... | |
Cartesian_doubt | Cartesian doubt is a form of methodological skepticism or scepticism associated with the writings and methodology of René Descartes ( 1596-1650 ) . Cartesian doubt is also known as Cartesian skepticism , methodic doubt , methodological skepticism , Universal Doubt , or hyperbolic doubt . Cartesian doubt is a systemat... | |
Chile | Chile , is a South American country occupying a long , narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west . It borders Peru to the north , Bolivia to the northeast , Argentina to the east , and the Drake Passage in the far south . Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan ... | |
Chicago_Loop | The Loop is the central business district of Chicago , Illinois . It is one of the city 's 77 designated community areas . The Loop is home to Chicago 's commercial core , City Hall , and the seat of Cook County . In the late nineteenth century , cable car turnarounds and prominent elevated railway encircled the area ,... | |
Chemical_cycling | Chemical cycling describes systems of repeated circulation of chemicals between other compounds , states and materials , and back to their original state , that occurs in space , and on many objects in space including the Earth . Active chemical cycling is known to occur in stars , many planets and natural satellites .... | |
Chicago_Bears | The Chicago Bears are a professional American football team based in Chicago , Illinois . The Bears compete in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a member club of the league 's National Football Conference ( NFC ) North division . The Bears have won nine NFL Championships , including one Super Bowl , and hold the ... | |
Chaos_cloud | The chaos cloud is a hoax that originated in a Weekly World News article in September 2005 . It was published online at Yahoo! Entertainment News . According to the article , the chaos cloud is a massive object in outer space that `` dissolves everything in its path , including comets , asteroids , planets and entire s... | |
Catholic_Church_and_politics_in_the_United_States | Members of the Catholic Church have been active in the elections of the United States since the mid 19th century . Indeed , the Irish came to dominate the Democratic Party in many cities . The U.S. has never had religious parties ( unlike much of the world ) . There has never been an American Catholic religious party ,... | |
Ceres_(dwarf_planet) | Ceres ( -LSB- ˈsɪəriːz -RSB- minor-planet designation : 1 Ceres ) is the largest object in the asteroid belt that lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter . Its diameter is approximately 945 km , making it the largest of the minor planets within the orbit of Neptune . The 33rd-largest known body in the Solar System ... | |
Centauro_event | A Centauro event is a kind of anomalous event observed in cosmic-ray detectors since 1972 . They are so named because their shape resembles that of a centaur : i.e. , highly asymmetric . If some versions of string theory are correct , then high-energy cosmic rays could create black holes when they collide with molecu... | |
Challenger_Deep | The Challenger Deep is the deepest known point in the Earth 's seabed hydrosphere , with a depth of 10898 to by direct measurement from submersibles , and slightly more by sonar bathymetry . It is in the Pacific Ocean , at the southern end of the Mariana Trench near the Mariana Islands group . The Challenger Deep is a ... | |
Causality | Causality ( also referred to as causation , or cause and effect ) is the agency or efficacy that connects one process ( the cause ) with another process or state ( the effect ) , where the first is understood to be partly responsible for the second , and the second is dependent on the first . In general , a process has... | |
Charlemagne | Charlemagne ( -LSB- ˈʃɑːrlᵻmeɪn -RSB- ) or Charles the Great ( 2 April 742/747/74828 January 814 ) , numbered Charles I , was the King of the Franks from 768 , King of the Lombards from 774 and Emperor of the Romans from 800 . He united much of Europe during the early Middle Ages . He was the first recognised emperor i... | |
Carrying_capacity | The carrying capacity of a biological species in an environment is the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely , given the food , habitat , water , and other necessities available in the environment . In population biology , carrying capacity is defined as the environment '... | |
Chemtrail_conspiracy_theory | The chemtrail conspiracy theory is the incorrect claim that long-lasting trails , so-called `` chemtrails '' , are left in the sky by high-flying aircraft and that they consist of chemical or biological agents deliberately sprayed for sinister purposes undisclosed to the general public . Believers in the theory argue t... | |
Chemocline | A chemocline is a cline caused by a strong , vertical chemistry gradient within a body of water . A chemocline is analogous to a thermocline , the border at which warmer and cooler waters meet in an ocean , sea , lake , or other body of water . ( In some cases , the thermocline and chemocline coincide . ) Chemoclines... | |
Chicory | Common chicory , Cichorium intybus , is a somewhat woody , perennial herbaceous plant of the dandelion family Asteraceae , usually with bright blue flowers , rarely white or pink . Many varieties are cultivated for salad leaves , chicons ( blanched buds ) , or roots ( var . sativum ) , which are baked , ground , and us... | |
Central_Coast_(California) | The Central Coast is an area of California , United States , roughly spanning the coastal region between Point Mugu and Monterey Bay . It lies northwest of Los Angeles County and south of San Francisco and San Mateo counties . Six counties make up the Central Coast : from south-to north , Ventura , Santa Barbara , San ... | |
Cenozoic | The Cenozoic Era ( -LSB- pronˌsiːnəˈzoʊɪk , _ ˌsɛ - -RSB- also Cænozoic , Caenozoic or Cainozoic -LSB- pronˌkaɪnəˈzoʊɪk , _ ˌkeɪ - -RSB- meaning `` new life '' , from Greek καινός kainós `` new '' , and ζωή zōḗ `` life '' ) is the current and most recent of the three Phanerozoic geological eras , following the Mesozoic... | |
Cenomanian | The Cenomanian is , in the ICS ' geological timescale the oldest or earliest age of the Late Cretaceous epoch or the lowest stage of the Upper Cretaceous series . An age is a unit of geochronology : it is a unit of time ; the stage is a unit in the stratigraphic column deposited during the corresponding age . Both age ... | |
Chemical_energy | In chemistry , chemical energy is the potential of a chemical substance to undergo a transformation through a chemical reaction to transform other chemical substances . Examples include batteries , food , gasoline , and more . Breaking or making of chemical bonds involves energy , which may be either absorbed or evolve... | |
Celsius | Celsius , also known as centigrade , is a metric scale and unit of measurement for temperature . As an SI derived unit , it is used by most countries in the world . It is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius ( 1701 -- 1744 ) , who developed a similar temperature scale . The degree Celsius ( ° C ) can refer... | |
Chios | Chios ( -LSB- ˈkaɪ.ɒs -RSB- Χίος , alternative transliterations Khíos and Híos ) is the fifth largest of the Greek islands , situated in the Aegean Sea , 7 km off the Anatolian coast . The island is separated from Turkey by the Çeşme Strait . Chios is notable for its exports of mastic gum and its nickname is the Mastic... | |
Chain_of_Lakes_(Minneapolis) | The Chain of Lakes is a district in Minneapolis , Minnesota , United States . It is one of seven districts that make up the Grand Rounds Scenic Byway , a greenspace circling through the city . The Chain of Lakes was formed as a series of parks in the early twentieth century , when the young city purchased all of the la... | |
Chilean_Antarctic_Territory | The Chilean Antarctic Territory or Chilean Antarctica ( Spanish : Territorio Chileno Antártico , Antártica Chilena ) is the territory in Antarctica claimed by Chile . The Chilean Antarctic Territory ranges from 53 ° W to 90 ° W and from the South Pole to 60 ° S , partially overlapping the Argentine and British Antarcti... | |
Cash_crop | A cash crop is an agricultural crop which is grown for sale to return a profit . It is typically purchased by parties separate from a farm . The term is used to differentiate marketed crops from subsistence crops , which are those fed to the producer 's own livestock or grown as food for the producer 's family . In ear... | |
Cellulose | Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β ( 1 → 4 ) linked D-glucose units . Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants , many forms of algae and the oomycetes . Some species o... | |
China_National_Coal_Group | China National Coal Group Co. , Ltd. known as China Coal Group is a Chinese coal mining conglomerate that was supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission ( SASAC ) of the State Council . It was the second largest state-owned coal mining enterprise in the mainland China , and the third... | |
Chart | A chart , also called a graph , is a graphical representation of data , in which `` the data is represented by symbols , such as bars in a bar chart , lines in a line chart , or slices in a pie chart '' . A chart can represent tabular numeric data , functions or some kinds of qualitative structure and provides differen... | |
Celebes_Sea | The Celebes Sea ( Laut Sulawesi , Dagat Selebes ) of the western Pacific Ocean is bordered on the north by the Sulu Archipelago and Sulu Sea and Mindanao Island of the Philippines , on the east by the Sangihe Islands chain , on the south by Sulawesi 's Minahassa Peninsula , and on the west by Kalimantan in Indonesia . ... | |
Chemical_oceanography | Chemical oceanography is the study of ocean chemistry : the behavior of the chemical elements within the Earth 's oceans . The ocean is unique in that it contains - in greater or lesser quantities - nearly every element in the periodic table . Much of chemical oceanography describes the cycling of these elements both... | |
Chlorofluorocarbon | A chlorofluorocarbon ( CFC ) is an organic compound that contains only carbon , chlorine , and fluorine , produced as volatile derivative of methane , ethane , and propane . They are also commonly known by the DuPont brand name Freon . The most common representative is dichlorodifluoromethane ( R-12 or Freon-12 ) . Man... | |
Cascade_effect_(ecology) | An ecological cascade effect is a series of secondary extinctions that is triggered by the primary extinction of a key species in an ecosystem . Secondary extinctions are likely to occur when the threatened species are : dependent on a few specific food sources , mutualistic ( dependent on the key species in some way )... | |
Ceiling_fan | A ceiling fan is a mechanical fan , usually electrically powered , suspended from the ceiling of a room , that uses hub-mounted rotating paddles to circulation air . Most ceiling fans rotate much more slowly than most electric desk fans . They cool people effectively by introducing slow movement into the otherwise st... | |
Census_in_Canada | A national census in Canada is conducted every five years by Statistics Canada . The census provides demographic and statistical data that is used to plan public services including health care , education , and transportation , determine federal transfer payments , and determine the number of Members of Parliament for ... | |
Chain_of_Lakes_(Winter_Haven) | The Chain of Lakes are a famous series of lakes in Central Florida . There are two chains of lakes , the northern chain and the southern chain . The northern chain extends across three cities ; Winter Haven , Lake Alfred , and Lake Hamilton . It has ten lakes , connected by a series of canals . The ten lakes on the nor... | |
Central_America | Central America ( América Central or Centroamérica ) is the southernmost , isthmian portion of the North American continent , which connects with South America on the southeast . Central America is bordered by Mexico to the north , Colombia to the southeast , the Caribbean Sea to the east , and the Pacific Ocean to the... | |
Cass_Lake_(Minnesota) | Cass Lake is a glacially-formed lake in north central Minnesota in the United States . It is approximately 10 mi long and 7 mi wide , located in Cass and Beltrami counties , within the Chippewa National Forest and the Leech Lake Indian Reservation , adjacent to its namesake city of Cass Lake . In the Ojibwe language , ... | |
Climate_of_Minnesota | Minnesota has a continental climate , with hot summers and cold winters . Minnesota 's location in the Upper Midwest allows it to experience some of the widest variety of weather in the United States , with each of the four seasons having its own distinct characteristics . The areas near Lake Superior in the Minnesota ... | |
Climate_change_policy_of_the_United_States | Global climate change was first addressed in United States policy beginning in the early 1960s . The Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) defines climate change as `` any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time . '' Essentially , climate change includes major changes in t... | |
Climate_justice | Climate justice is a term used for framing global warming as an ethical and political issue , rather than one that is purely environmental or physical in nature . This is done by relating the effects of climate change to concepts of justice , particularly environmental justice and social justice and by examining issues... | |
Congestion_pricing | Congestion pricing or congestion charges is a system of surcharging users of public goods that are subject to congestion through excess demand such as higher peak charges for use of bus services , electricity , metros , railways , telephones , and road pricing to reduce traffic congestion ; airlines and shipping compan... | |
Climate_Change_Denial:_Heads_in_the_Sand | Climate Change Denial : Heads in the Sand is a non-fiction book about climate change denial , coauthored by Haydn Washington and John Cook , with a foreword by Naomi Oreskes . Washington had a background in environmental science prior to authoring the work , and Cook was educated in physics and founded the website Skep... | |
Coal_oil | Coal oil is a shale oil obtained from the destructive distillation of cannel coal , mineral wax , or bituminous shale , once used widely for illumination . Chemically similar to the more refined , petroleum-derived kerosene , it consists mainly of several hydrocarbons of the alkane series , with 10 to 16 carbon atoms... | |
Climate_of_Ecuador | The climate of Ecuador varies by region , due to differences in elevation and , to a degree , in proximity to the equator . The coastal lowlands in the western part of Ecuador are typically warm with temperatures in the region of 25 ° C. Coastal areas are affected by ocean currents and between January and April are h... | |
Climate_change_denial | Climate change denial , or global warming denial , is part of the global warming controversy . It involves denial , dismissal , unwarranted doubt or contrarian views which strongly depart from the scientific opinion on climate change , including the extent to which it is caused by humans , its impacts on nature and hum... | |
Climatic_Research_Unit | The Climatic Research Unit ( CRU ) is a component of the University of East Anglia and is one of the leading institutions concerned with the study of natural and anthropogenic climate change . With a staff of some thirty research scientists and students , the CRU has contributed to the development of a number of the ... | |
Climate_fiction | Climate fiction , or climate change fiction , popularly abbreviated as cli-fi ( modelled after the assonance of `` sci-fi '' ) is literature that deals with climate change and global warming . Not necessarily speculative in nature , works of cli-fi may take place in the world as we know it or in the near future . Unive... | |
Complexity | Complexity describes the behaviour of a system or model whose components interact in multiple ways and follow local rules , meaning there is no reasonable higher instruction to define the various possible interactions . The stem of the word complexity i.e. Complex is composed of the Latin words com ( meaning : `` tog... | |
Cloud | In meteorology , a cloud is an aerosol comprising a visible mass of minute liquid droplets , frozen crystals , or particles suspended in the atmosphere above the surface of a planetary body . The droplets and crystals may be made of water or various chemicals . On Earth , clouds are formed as a result of saturation of ... | |
Chronospecies | A chronospecies is a group of one or more species derived from a sequential development pattern which involves continual and uniform changes from an extinct ancestral form on an evolutionary scale . This sequence of alterations eventually produces a population which is physically , morphologically , and/or genetically ... | |
Climate_of_the_United_Kingdom | The United Kingdom straddles the higher mid-latitudes between 49 ° and 61 ° N . It is on the western seaboard of Afro-Eurasia , the world 's largest land mass . These conditions allow convergence between moist maritime air and dry continental air . In this area , the large temperature variation creates atmospheric inst... | |
Chukchi_Sea | Chukchi Sea ( -LSB- Чуко́тское мо́ре , r = Chukotskoye more , p = tɕʊˈkotskəjə ˈmorʲɪ -RSB- ) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean . It is bounded on the west by the Long Strait , off Wrangel Island , and in the east by Point Barrow , Alaska , beyond which lies the Beaufort Sea . The Bering Strait forms its southernmo... | |
Climate_change_mitigation_scenarios | Climate change mitigation scenarios are possible futures in which global warming is reduced by deliberate actions , such as a comprehensive switch to energy sources other than fossil fuels . A typical mitigation scenario is constructed by selecting a long-range target , such as a desired atmospheric concentration of ca... | |
Climate_of_Oregon | Oregon 's climate is generally mild . West of the Cascade Mountains , winters are chilly with frequent rain , while light snowfall occurs a few days a year ; temperatures can get very cold , but only occasionally , as the result of Arctic cold waves . The high desert region of the state is much drier , with less rain ,... | |
Cognitive_bias | A cognitive bias refers to the systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment , whereby inferences about other people and situations may be drawn in an illogical fashion . Individuals create their own `` subjective social reality '' from their perception of the input . An individual 's constructio... | |
Cleveland | Cleveland ( -LSB- ˈkliːvlənd -RSB- ) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County , the state 's second most populous county . The city proper has a population of 388,072 , making Cleveland the 51st largest city in the United States , and the second-largest city in Ohio after Columbus . Gr... |
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