query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
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Joseph Beuys ( pronounced `` boyce '' ) ( May 12 , 1921 â `` January 23 , 1986 ) was a German artist who made arts in many forms including sculpture , performance art , video art , and installations . | [
"Joseph Beuys ( ; May 12 , 1921 , Krefeld â `` January 23 , 1986 , DÃ 1\\/4 sseldorf ) was a German performance artist , sculptor , installation artist , graphic artist , art theorist and pedagogue of art ."
] | [
"John Stig Claesson ( June 2 , 1928 â `` January 4 , 2008 ) , also known under his signature Slas , was a Swedish writer , visual artist , and illustrator ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He died in 1986 in DÃ 1\/4 sseldorf . | [
"Beuys died of heart failure on January 23 , 1986 , in DÃ 1\\/4 sseldorf , after a long illness ."
] | [
"The emblem of the city of DÃ 1\\/4 ren is divided ."
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It is aimed at older music fans and recent headliners have included the Beastie Boys , Bjà rk and Franz Ferdinand . | [
"It was aimed at more mature music fans and recent headliners included the Beastie Boys , Bjà rk and Franz Ferdinand ."
] | [
"Noisettes have toured Europe and the United States extensively , with the likes of TV on the Radio , Tom Vek , Babyshambles , Bloc Party and the Mystery Jets ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Connect Music Festival is a music festival that takes place at Inveraray Castle , on the banks of Loch Fyne in Argyll , Scotland . | [
"The Connect Music Festival was a music festival that took place in the grounds of Inveraray Castle , located on the banks of Loch Fyne in Argyll , Scotland ."
] | [
"Mallaig is a port in Lochaber , on the west coast of the Highlands of Scotland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Semens is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Semens is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Saint-Laurent-d ` Arce is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Different sources of energy have been used to run generators , including coal , nuclear , natural gas , hydroelectric , and petroleum power and a small amount from solar energy , tidal harnesses , wind generators , and geothermal sources . | [
"The first power plants were run on water power or coal , and today we rely mainly on coal , nuclear , natural gas , hydroelectric , and petroleum with a small amount from solar energy , tidal harnesses , wind generators , and geothermal sources ."
] | [
"Devices convert electrical energy into many useful forms , such as heat ( electric heaters ) , light ( light bulbs ) , motion ( electric motors ) , sound ( loudspeaker ) , information technological processes ( computers ) , or even chemical changes ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Making electricity in one central place became possible with the use of power transformers which could change voltage . Electricity could be sent as alternating current along electric power lines for great distances cheaply . | [
"Centralised power generation became possible when it was recognized that alternating current power lines can transport electricity at very low costs across great distances by taking advantage of the ability to raise and lower the voltage using power transformers ."
] | [
"Wind speeds as low as sp = us 2 can lead to power outages due to tree branches disrupting the flow of energy through power lines ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Malcolm Mitchell Young ( born January 6 1953 ) is an Australian guitarist for the band AC\/DC . | [
"Malcolm Mitchell Young ( born 6 January 1953 ) is a Scottish-born Australian guitarist , best known as a founding member , rhythm guitarist , backing vocalist and songwriter for the Australian hard rock band AC\\/DC ."
] | [
"William `` Will '' Champion ( born 31 July 1978 ) is an English musician and the drummer of rock band Coldplay ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Slovakia national football team is the national football team of Slovakia . | [
"The Slovakia national football team represents Slovakia in association football and is controlled by the Slovak Football Association ( SFZ ) , the governing body for football in Slovakia ."
] | [
"The U.S. Virgin Islands national soccer team , nicknamed The dashing eagle , is the national team of the U.S. Virgin Islands and is controlled by the U.S. Virgin Islands Soccer Federation ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It has become an internet meme . | [
"The song has also become an internet meme , inspiring numerous online parodies ."
] | [
"It is in great danger of becoming extinct ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Tunak Tunak Tun is an Indian pop song released in 1998 . | [
"`` Tunak Tunak Tun '' or `` Tunak '' , is a bhangra\\/pop love song by Indian artist Daler Mehndi released in 1998 ."
] | [
"`` Honey to the Bee '' is a song from Billie Piper released in 1999 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Charles Robert Darwin ( 12 February 1809 â `` 19 April 1882 ) was an English naturalist . | [
"Charles Robert Darwin FRS ( 12 February 1809 â `` 19 April 1882 ) was an English naturalist ."
] | [
"Theodor Heinrich Boveri ( 12 October 1862 â `` 15 October 1915 ) was a German biologist ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Ellon is a town in Aberdeenshire , Scotland , approximately 16 miles north of Aberdeen , lying on the River Ythan ( pronounced eye-than ) which has one of the few undeveloped river estuaries on the Eastern coast of Scotland . | [
"Ellon is a town in Aberdeenshire , Scotland , approximately 16 m north of Aberdeen , lying on the River Ythan which has one of the few undeveloped river estuaries on the Eastern coast of Scotland ."
] | [
"Glamis is set in the broad and fertile lowland valley of Strathmore , near Forfar , county town of Angus , which lies between the Sidlaw Hills to the south and the Grampian Mountains to the north , approximately 20 kilometres inland from the North Sea ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Carbon Cycle is a process where carbon is recycled through the ecosystem . | [
"The global carbon budget Is the balance of the exchanges ( incomes and losses ) of carbon between the carbon reservoirs or between one specific loop ( e.g. , atmosphere â '' biosphere ) of the carbon cycle ."
] | [
"Microorganisms are critical to nutrient recycling in ecosystems as they act as decomposers ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Cabbio is a municipality of the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland . | [
"Cabbio is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland ."
] | [
"Meride is a municipality in the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Below is the list of Wikipedia articles about basketball players who have played for the Detroit Pistons NBA team . | [
"This category is for basketball players who have played in the NBA for the Detroit Pistons ."
] | [
"This category is all National Football League players who played for the Chicago Bears ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Rodolfo Arruabarrena ( born 20 July 1975 ) is a former Argentine football player . | [
"Rodolfo Martà n Arruabarrena ( born 20 July 1975 ) is a former Argentine football left back ."
] | [
"Luciano Castellini ( born 12 December 1945 ) is a retired Italian football goalkeeper ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Alexander Frei ( born 15 July 1979 ) is a Swiss football player . He plays for Basel and Switzerland national team . | [
"Alexander Frei ( born 15 July 1979 in Basel ) is a Swiss footballer who currently plays for Swiss Axpo Super League club FC Basel , and was the captain of the Swiss national team ."
] | [
"Tranquillo Barnetta ( born 22 May 1985 in St. Gallen ) is a Swiss footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bayer Leverkusen and the Swiss national team ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The vicuà a ( Vicugna vicugna ) is one of two wild South American camelids . | [
"The vicuà a ( Vicugna vicugna ) or vicugna is one of two wild South American camelids , along with the guanaco , which live in the high alpine areas of the Andes ."
] | [
"The Spectacled Bear is a relatively small species of bear native to South America , where it is second only to the 3 tapir species as the largest extant land mammal ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It is common to wear them with bare feet when a yukata is worn . Also they are worn with western clothes . | [
"As geta are usually worn only with yukata or other informal Japanese clothes or Western clothes , there is no need to wear socks ."
] | [
"Leg warmers , which are not typically socks , may be replaced with socks in cold climate ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The MP5 is a submachine gun made by Heckler & Koch . | [
"The MP5 is currently one of the most widely used submachine guns in the world , having been adopted by numerous military , law enforcement , intelligence and security organizations . In the 1990s , Heckler & Koch developed the Heckler & Koch UMP , the MP5 's successor , though both remain in production ."
] | [
"Stocked automatic weapons firing pistol rounds were developed around the same time during World War I , by Italy , Germany , and the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Jefferson Davis led the Confederate states as they fought against the United States ( the Union ) . | [
"Led by Jefferson Davis , the Confederacy fought for its independence from the United States ."
] | [
"Thousands of Nova Scotians fought in the American Civil War ( 1861 â `` 1865 ) , primarily for the North . The British Empire ( including Nova Scotia ) was declared neutral in the struggle between the North and the South ."
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Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States ( said that they wanted to separate from the United States of America ) and formed the Confederate States of America , also known as `` the Confederacy '' . | [
"Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America , also known as `` the Confederacy '' ."
] | [
"Rhode Island was the first of the thirteen colonies to renounce its allegiance to the British Crown , on May 4 , 1776 . It was also the last colony of the thirteen colonies to ratify the United States Constitution on May 29 , 1790 , once assurances were made that a Bill of Rights would become part of the Constitut... | SimpleWiki | {
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Lee decided he had too few soldiers to keep on fighting and he surrendered to Grant on April 9 , 1865 , near Appomattox Court House . | [
"Confederate resistance ended after Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9 , 1865 ."
] | [
"On September 26 , 1937 , Smith was critically injured in a car accident while traveling along U.S. Route 61 between Memphis , Tennessee , and Clarksdale , Mississippi ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The American Civil War ( 1861 -- 1865 ) , also known as the War Between the States , was a civil war in the United States of America . | [
"The American Civil War ( 1861 â `` 1865 ) , also known as the War Between the States ( among other names ) , was a civil war in the United States of America ."
] | [
"William Clarke Quantrill ( July 31 , 1837 -- June 6 , 1865 ) , was a Confederate guerrilla leader during the American Civil War ."
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No nation ever recognized the Confederacy as a separate nation . | [
"No country in the world recognized the Confederacy ."
] | [
"L.C. Green cited the recognition of the unborn Polish and Czech states in World War I and explained that `` recognition of statehood is a matter of discretion , it is open to any existing state to accept as a state any entity it wishes , regardless of the existence of territory or an established government . ''"
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In the presidential election of 1860 , the Republican Party , led by Abraham Lincoln , was actively against expanding slavery beyond the states in which it already existed . | [
"In the presidential election of 1860 , the Republican Party , led by Abraham Lincoln , had campaigned against the expansion of slavery beyond the states in which it already existed ."
] | [
"Its main purpose was opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories , arguing that free men on free soil comprised a morally and economically superior system to slavery ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Both outgoing President James Buchanan and Lincoln disagreed with the legality of the secession , considering it rebellion . | [
"Both the outgoing administration of President James Buchanan and the incoming administration rejected the legality of secession , considering it rebellion ."
] | [
"In particular , he repeatedly confirmed the supremacy of federal law over state law , and supported an expansive reading of the enumerated powers ."
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Unleavened bread is eaten by Jews during the Passover , and Catholic celebration of the Eucharist uses unleavened wafers . | [
"Unleavened breads have symbolic importance in Judaism and Christianity . Jews consume unleavened bread called matzo during Passover ."
] | [
"Accordingly , hyssop is also often used to fill the Catholic ceremonial Aspergillum , which the priest dips into a bowl of holy water , and sprinkles onto the congregation to bless them ."
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Flour made just from the polished wheat grain gives a very white bread . Rye and barley flour give darker types of bread . | [
"While bread can be made from all-purpose wheat flour , for quality bread a specialty bread flour , containing more protein , is recommended ."
] | [
"A butter cake is a cake in which one of the main ingredients is butter . Butter cakes consist of taking the most basic of ingredients butter , sugar , eggs , flour , and a leavening agent ( baking powder or baking soda ) and transforming them into a baked good ."
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Layla El ( born June 25 , 1978 in London , England ) is a English female professional wrestler currently signed to World Wrestling Entertainment wrestling on their Smackdown brand . | [
"Layla El ( born 25 June 1978 ) is an English dancer , model and professional wrestler of Moroccan descent . She is employed by World Wrestling Entertainment as a WWE Diva and appears on the SmackDown brand as Layla ."
] | [
"Christopher Todd Mordetzky ( born January 8 , 1983 ) is an American professional wrestler best known by his ring name `` The Masterpiece '' Chris Masters . He currently wrestles for World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) on its SmackDown brand ."
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Luther Blissett is a Jamaican-born former English football player . | [
"He jokingly claimed that he himself was part of the Luther Blissett Project , and read aloud the following sentence from an LBP manifesto ( in Italian ) : `` Chiunque puà essere Luther Blissett , semplicemente adottando il nome Luther Blissett '' ( Anyone can be Luther Blissett simply by adopting the name Luther B... | [
"Sergio Ariel Escudero is a naturalized Japanese football player ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It is also made when calcium burns in air . | [
"Calcium nitride is formed along with the oxide , CaO , when calcium burns in air ."
] | [
"Being insoluble in water , they can be purified by washing away the associated starch ."
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It contains calcium and nitride ions . | [
"Î - Calcium nitride is the commonly encountered form ."
] | [
"The result ( after cooling ) is zinc sulfide ."
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There are a number of universities ( the University of Melbourne , Monash University , Deakin University , Victoria University , La Trobe University , RMIT University , Swinburne University and the Australian Catholic University ) . | [
"Melbourne is the home of the University of Melbourne , as well as of Monash University , the largest university in Australia . Melbourne University is the second-oldest university in Australia and the oldest university in Victoria ."
] | [
"He studied at Ipswich Grammar School , the University of Queensland , St. Andrew 's College , Sydney , University of Sydney and University College , London , before taking a position as head of the newly established department of anatomy at the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg , South Africa in 1922 ."
... | SimpleWiki | {
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The delegates discussed and then signed the Bretton Woods Agreements during the first three weeks of July 1944 . | [
"The delegates deliberated upon and signed the Bretton Woods Agreements during the first three weeks of July 1944 ."
] | [
"Lie led the Norwegian delegation to the United Nations conference in San Francisco in 1946 and was a leader in drafting the provisions of the United Nations Security Council ."
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730 delegates from all 44 Allies of World War II came to Bretton Woods , New Hampshire for the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference . | [
"Preparing to rebuild the international economic system as World War II was still raging , 730 delegates from all 44 Allied nations gathered at the Mount Washington Hotel in Bretton Woods , New Hampshire , United States , for the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference ."
] | [
"Jean was formally appointed and installed as Special Envoy for Haiti for the United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization on November 8 , 2010 , for a four-year term ."
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The Bretton Woods system was the first monetary order that organized monetary relations among independent nation-states . | [
"The Bretton Woods system was the first example of a fully negotiated monetary order intended to govern monetary relations among independent nation-states ."
] | [
"As a political organization , the World Bank must meet the demands of donor and borrowing governments , private capital markets , and other international organizations ."
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The planners at Bretton Woods set up a system of rules , institutions , and procedures to regulate the international monetary system . They started the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ( IBRD ) ( now one of five institutions in the World Bank Group ) and the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) . | [
"Setting up a system of rules , institutions , and procedures to regulate the international monetary system , the planners at Bretton Woods established the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ( IBRD ) , which today is part of the World Bank Group ."
] | [
"The Indus Waters Treaty is a water-sharing treaty between the Republic of India and Islamic Republic Of Pakistan , brokered by the World Bank ( then the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The town is served by Scarborough railway station . | [
"Scarborough is served by Scarborough railway station , with services from York , Leeds , Manchester and Liverpool on the North TransPennine route and from Hull via Bridlington and Filey on the Yorkshire Coast Line ."
] | [
"Marske is served by Longbeck and Marske railway stations , which connect to Darlington mainline station ."
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In some countries , operating brothels is legal , in other countries it is illegal . Examples of countries where brothels are illegal are Canada and most of the United States . | [
"In many countries where brothels are officially illegal , the laws are ignored ; often brothels in such countries are not only tolerated , but also regulated by authorities ."
] | [
"Stamp acts have been enforced in many countries , including Australia , People 's Republic of China , Canada , Ireland , Malaysia , Israel , the United Kingdom and the United States of America ."
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Examples of countries where brothels are illegal are Canada and most of the United States . Brothels are legal in some countries from Europe , for example . | [
"In some countries such as Australia , brothels are legal and regulated , however , the existence of these licensed brothels does not stop illegal brothels from existing : according to a report in the Daily Telegraph ( Australia ) , illegal brothels in Sydney now outnumber licensed operations by four to one ; accor... | [
"Its sale is banned in a few countries , including Australia , New Zealand , the United States , the Republic of Ireland , the United Kingdom , Romania and other parts of Europe ."
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In NFL football , if the game is tied after the four quarters , the two teams compete in one more 15 minute period called overtime . | [
"If an NFL game is tied after four quarters , the teams play an additional period lasting up to 15 minutes ."
] | [
"Depending on the rules of the particular tournament or league , a game may have 4 , 6 or 8 chukkas ; 6 chukkas are most common Usually , each chukka is 7 minutes long , but some games are played in shorter chukkas ."
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If neither team scores during overtime , the game ends in a tie . | [
"In a regular-season NFL game , if neither team scores in overtime , the game is a tie ."
] | [
"One turn at bat for each team constitutes an inning and nine innings make up a professional game ."
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Ricketts is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Ricketts is a city in Crawford County , Iowa , United States , along the Middle Soldier River ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Roblox users can use Lua 5.1 . | [
"Roblox users can script the places they design with an extremely restricted , sandboxed attempt at Lua 5.1 ."
] | [
"It retains the original name and uses Lobotomy 's SlaveDriver engine ."
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Players can build games with plastic building blocks . | [
"Players can build games with blocks , in various shapes , sizes and materials ."
] | [
"Geo wears a shape belt and can create anything by assembling shapes and then singing `` Super Shapes '' ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Roblox is part of the TRUSTe privacy program and the Better Business Bureau . | [
"Roblox is part of the TRUSTe privacy program and the Better Business Bureau corporation ."
] | [
"Separate eBay sites such as eBay US and eBay UK allow the users to trade using the local currency . Software developers can create applications that integrate with eBay through the eBay API by joining the eBay Developers Program ."
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Roblox is a MMOG ( massively multiplayer online game ) virtual playground and workshop designed for children aged six and over which was founded in 2006 . | [
"Roblox is a massively multiplayer online game ( MMOG ) virtual playground and workshop designed for children aged 10 and over ."
] | [
"Jurassic Park : Operation Genesis ( known colloquially as JP : OG or JPOG ) is a construction and management simulation video game for the PC , Xbox , and PlayStation 2 based on the novel and film series Jurassic Park ."
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If there is not enough light to see well , a human may need a night vision device such as night vision goggles to help them see . | [
"Active infrared night vision is now commonly found in commercial , residential and government security applications , where it enables effective night time imaging under low light conditions . However , since active infrared light can be detected by night vision goggles , there can be a risk of giving away positio... | [
"However , during an eclipse , with so much of the Sun covered , it is easier and more tempting to stare at it ."
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Humans do not have good night vision . If there is not enough light to see well , a human may need a night vision device such as night vision goggles to help them see . | [
"Night vision is the ability to see in low light conditions ."
] | [
"As owls are farsighted , they are unable to see clearly anything within a few centimeters of their eyes ."
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The other main aspects of color appearance are colorfulness , chroma , saturation , lightness , and brightness . | [
"The other main correlatives of color appearance are colorfulness , chroma , saturation , lightness , and brightness ."
] | [
"In the subtractive model , adding white to a color , whether by using less colorant or by mixing in a reflective white pigment such as zinc oxide , does not change the colorâ s hue but does reduce its saturation ."
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A trolleybus ( also known as trolley bus , trolley coach , trackless trolley , trackless tram or simply trolley ) is a bus , which get its power for the electric engine from a pair of powerlines , which is above the street . | [
"A trolleybus ( also known as trolley bus , trolley coach , trackless trolley , trackless tram or trolley ) is an electric bus that draws its electricity from overhead wires ( generally suspended from roadside posts ) using spring-loaded trolley poles ."
] | [
"An electro-diesel locomotive is one that can operate either from an electrical supply , such as overhead catenary or ( in this case ) an energised third rail , or from an onboard diesel engine ."
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Beaumont-de-Pertuis is a commune of 934 people ( 1999 ) . It is located in the region Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France . | [
"Beaumont-de-Pertuis is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-C Ã te d'Azur region in southeastern France ."
] | [
"Auriol is a commune situated in the Huveaune valley close to Roquevaire in the Bouches-du-Rh à ne department in the Provence-Alpes-C à te d'Azur region in southern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Society works best when there is plenty of social capital . The less social capital there is , the more social problems there usually are . | [
"but ` how important is civil society to the production of social capital ? ' ."
] | [
"Buchanan believes that a constitution , intended for use by at least several generations of citizens , must be able to adjust itself for pragmatic economic decisions and to balance interests of the state and society against those of individuals and their constitutional rights to personal freedom and private happin... | SimpleWiki | {
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The less social capital there is , the more social problems there usually are . If there is no social capital , war and revolution often results . | [
"Social capital development on the internet via social networking websites such as Facebook or Myspace tends to be bridging capital according to one study , though `` virtual '' social capital is a new area of research ."
] | [
"On the one hand , they agreed safety and protection from lawless nobles was in everyone 's best interest ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The less social capital there is , the more social problems there usually are . | [
"While for example social capital is often understood as the networks that a person possesses and that he\\/she may use in a social integration purpose , it is more the disposition to create , maintain and develop such networks that constitutes real social capital . Similarly , civic engagement is a manifestation o... | [
"Even in countries with a majority of White people , such as USA , Britain , Ireland and France , Black people tend to have shorter life expectancies than their White counterparts ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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First the product did not have a name , and then one of the company 's staff proposed `` Walkman '' . | [
"This was considered as a lower end product to Walkman A series ."
] | [
"That name , shortened to just the name of the country , stuck as the name of the American bird ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Walkman is the invention as well as the brand name of Sony . It represents a portable audio player . | [
"Walkman is a Sony brand tradename originally used for portable audio cassette , and now used to market Sony 's portable audio and video players as well as a line of Sony Ericsson mobile phones ."
] | [
"The primary application for UMD discs is as a storage medium for PSP games , although the format is also used for the storage of motion pictures and , to a lesser degree , television shows for playback on the PSP ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Lantheuil is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Lantheuil is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Sainte-Marie-Outre-l ` Eau is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
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Rocky Rapids is a hamlet in Brazeau County . | [
"Rocky Rapids is a hamlet in central Alberta , Canada within Brazeau County ."
] | [
"Forest is a small town located near Sarnia , Ontario in Canada ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Rocky Rapids has one store . | [
"Rocky Rapids has no public transit ."
] | [
"Galena has three schools ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He has been the partner of actress Susan Sarandon for many years . | [
"He is the former longtime partner of actress Susan Sarandon ."
] | [
"He was born in Brooklyn , New York and has lived in Los Angeles , California since he was 2 years old ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Timothy Francis Robbins ( born October 16 , 1958 ) is an American actor , screenwriter , director , producer , activist and amateur musician . | [
"Timothy Francis `` Tim '' Robbins ( born October 16 , 1958 ) is an American actor , screenwriter , director , producer , activist and musician ."
] | [
"William Dwight Schultz ( born November 24 , 1947 ) is an American stage , television , and film actor ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Cardinals or Cardinalidae are a family of passerine birds that live in North and South America . | [
"The Cardinals or Cardinalidae are a family of passerine birds found in North and South America ."
] | [
"The Old World true sparrows are indigenous to Europe , Africa and Asia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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When Horowitz returned to the United States , President Ronald Reagan gave him the Presidential Medal of Freedom . | [
"Later that year , he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom , the highest civilian honor bestowed by the United States , by President Ronald Reagan ."
] | [
"Her book , The Optimist 's Daughter , won the Pulitzer Prize in 1973 . Welty was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom , among numerous awards ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He is often said to be one of the best pianists of the 20th century . | [
"He was one of the greatest pianists of the 20th century ."
] | [
"Although he received little acclaim during his lifetime and died in poverty , Melà ndez is recognized today as the greatest Spanish still-life painter of the 18th century ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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During World War II , Horowitz also played a lot of Russian music , giving the first performances in America of Prokofiev 's Piano Sonatas Nos. 6 , 7 and 8 ( which were called `` War Sonatas '' ) and Kabalevsky 's Piano Sonatas Nos. 2 and 3 . | [
"During World War II , Horowitz championed contemporary Russian music , giving the American premieres of Prokofiev 's Piano Sonatas Nos. 6 , 7 and 8 ( the so-called `` War Sonatas '' ) and Kabalevsky 's Piano Sonatas Nos. 2 and 3 ."
] | [
"Alexander Arutunianâ s Trumpet Concerto in A-flat major ( 1950 ) , also known as the Arutunian Trumpet Concerto , is the Armenian composerâ s sixth major composition , a `` virtuoso showpiece '' composed in 1949-1950 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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In 1912 he joined Kiev University where he was taught by Vladimir Puchalsky , Sergei Tarnowsky , and Felix Blumenfeld . | [
"In 1912 he entered the Kiev Conservatory , where he was taught by Vladimir Puchalsky , Sergei Tarnowsky , and Felix Blumenfeld ."
] | [
"These witnesses were Maxim Grigoyev , Tatiana Sitnikova and her son Fyodor Sitnikov , Ivan Kuklin and Matrina Kuklina , Vassily Ryabov , Ustinya Varankina , and Dr. Pavel Utkin , a physician who treated the girl after the incident ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Education:",
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Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz ( October 1st , 1903 â `` November 5th , 1989 ) was a Russian-American Classical pianist . | [
"Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz ( - November 5 , 1989 ) was a Russian-American classical virtuoso pianist and minor composer ."
] | [
"Artur Schnabel ( April 17 , 1882 â `` August 15 , 1951 ) was an Austrian classical pianist , who also composed and taught ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Arts and Entertainment:",
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Horowitz was also well known for playing quieter works like Schumann 's Scenes of Childhood , Scarlatti sonatas , and some Mozart and Haydn sonatas . | [
"Horowitz was known for his performances of quieter , more intimate works including Schumann 's Kinderszenen , Scarlatti sonatas , and several Mozart and Haydn sonatas ."
] | [
"Latsabidze is one of the youngest pianists who has performed and recorded live 24 of the Chopin Etudes and the Preludes as well as all 12 of the Transcendental Etudes of Franz Liszt ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Vladimir Horowitz died on November 5 , 1989 in New York of a heart attack . | [
"Vladimir Horowitz died on November 5 , 1989 in New York of a heart attack , aged 86 ."
] | [
"At the age of 67 , Chaney died on July 12 , 1973 , of heart failure in San Clemente , California ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Horowitz stopped playing concerts four times ( 1936 to 1938 , 1953 to 1965 , 1969 to 1974 , and 1983 to 1985 ) , as he was unsure that he was good enough , even when he was popular . | [
"Several times , he withdrew from public performances - during 1936 to 1938 , 1953 to 1965 , 1969 to 1974 , and 1983 to 1985 ."
] | [
"After being hospitalized three times ( between June 1976 and February or March 1977 ) , Carver began his ` second life ' and stopped drinking on June 2 , 1977 , with the help of Alcoholics Anonymous ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He then performed his first solo concert in Kharkiv in 1920 . | [
"His first solo recital was in Kharkiv in 1920 ."
] | [
"It was first performed in 1983 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Other pieces he was famous for were Scriabin 's à tude in D-sharp minor , Chopin 's Ballade No. 1 in G minor , and many of Rachmaninoffâ s short pieces , including Polka de W.R. Horowitz was praised for his way of playing the Rachmaninoff Piano Concerto No. 3 , and the composer said `` he swallowed it whole . | [
"Other pieces with which he was closely associated were Scriabin 's à tude in D-sharp minor , Chopin 's Ballade No. 1 in G minor , and many Rachmaninoff miniatures , including Polka de W.R. . Horowitz was acclaimed for his recordings of the Rachmaninoff Piano Concerto No. 3 , and his performance before Rachmaninoff... | [
"In the decade after L'apprenti sorcier , Dukas completed two complex and technically demanding large-scale works for solo piano : the Piano Sonata ( 1901 ) , dedicated to Saint-Sa à `` ns , and Variations , Interlude and Finale on a Theme by Rameau ( 1902 ) . In Dukas 's piano works critics have discerned the infl... | SimpleWiki | {
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His most famous early records were Rachmaninoff 's Piano Concerto No. 3 with Albert Coates and the London Symphony Orchestra ( the first time that piece was recorded ) and Franz Liszt 's Sonata in B minor . When Horowitz was not playing in public , he sometimes made recordings in his house . | [
"Horowitz 's first European recording , in 1930 , was of Rachmaninoff 's Piano Concerto No. 3 with Albert Coates and the London Symphony Orchestra , the world premiere recording of that piece ."
] | [
"In 1946 , fifty years after the opera 's premiere , Toscanini conducted a performance of it on radio with the NBC Symphony Orchestra . This performance was eventually released on records and on Compact Disc ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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Skor was was first launched in 1981 in the United States and 1983 in Canada under the name , Rutnam . | [
"It was first marketed in US in 1981 and later launched in Canada in 1983 under the name of `` Rutnam '' ."
] | [
"The brand later expanded to the United States under an Americanised version of the name : Dannon ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Skor is a chocolate bar made by The Hershey Company . | [
"Skor is a candy bar produced by The Hershey Company ."
] | [
"Laffy Taffy is a brand of taffy manufactured by Nestlà and sold under their Willy Wonka Candy Company brand ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Sonora borders the states of Chihuahua to the east , Sinaloa to the south , and Baja California to the northwest . | [
"It borders the states of Sinaloa , Chihuahua , and Baja California Norte , with the United States to its north and the Gulf of California to its west ."
] | [
"It is bordered on the north by the United States ; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean ; on the southeast by Guatemala , Belize , and the Caribbean Sea ; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Sonora is a Mexian state , located in the northwestern Mexico region . | [
"The state of Sonora is located in northwest Mexico ."
] | [
"Rondà nia is a state in Brazil , located in the north-western part of the country ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The lifelike character of Roman portrait sculptures has been linked to the earlier Roman use of wax to keep the features of dead family members . | [
"The lifelike character of Roman portrait sculptures has been attributed to the earlier Roman use of wax to preserve the features of deceased family members ."
] | [
"Around 500 BC , they ceased to be used for the decoration of monumental buildings , but were still shown on antefixes of smaller structures throughout the next century ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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In 1876 the archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann discovered in Mycenae six graves , which he believed were those of kings and ancient Greek heroesâ '' Agamemnon , Cassandra , Evrimdon and others . | [
"In 1876 the archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann discovered in Mycenae six graves , which he was confident belonged to kings and ancient Greek heroesâ '' Agamemnon , Cassandra , Evrimdon and their associates ."
] | [
"When Neoptolemus died , Andromache married Helenus and became Queen of Epirus ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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One such mask , known as L'Inconnue de la Seine , recorded the face of a young woman who , had drowned in the Seine River at Paris around the late 1880s . | [
"One such mask , known as L'Inconnue de la Seine , recorded the face of an unidentified young woman who , according to one oft-repeated story , had been found drowned in the Seine River at Paris around the late 1880s ."
] | [
"He died after four days of delirium , on June 14 , 1801 , at the age of 60 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Death masks were taken not only of dead royalty and nobility ( Henry VIII , Sforza ) , but also of important peopleâ '' poets , philosophers , and dramaturges , such as Dante , Filippo Brunelleschi , Torquato Tasso , Blaise Pascal and Voltaire . | [
"Death masks were taken not only of deceased royalty and nobility ( Henry VIII , Sforza ) , but also of eminent personsâ '' poets , philosophers , and dramaturges , such as Dante , Filippo Brunelleschi , Torquato Tasso , Blaise Pascal and Voltaire ."
] | [
"His mastery of verse has been compared to that of Shakespeare , Vondel , Homer , Virgil and Dante ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Made of gold and gems , the mask shows the highly stylized features of the ancient ruler . | [
"Made of gold and gems , the mask conveys the highly stylized features of the ancient ruler ."
] | [
"Many believe that the city was planned as an effigy in the shape of a puma , a sacred animal ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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She was considered so beautiful that in the following years copies of the mask became a fashionable item in Parisian Bohemian society . | [
"She was considered so beautiful that in the following years copies of the mask became a fashionable morbid fixture in Parisian Bohemian society ."
] | [
"While he created one-of-a-kind designs to please some of his titled or wealthy customers , he is best known for preparing a portfolio of designs that were shown on live models at the House of Worth ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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This mask strengthened the spirit of the mummy and guarded the soul from evil spirits on its way to the afterworld . | [
"This mask was believed to strengthen the spirit of the mummy and guard the soul from evil spirits on its way to the afterworld ."
] | [
"They were portrayed as evil , often feeding on the blood of the body after the soul had been escorted to Hades ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Phrenologists and ethnographers also used both death masks and life masks ( taken from living people ) for scientific and pseudoscientific purposes . | [
"Proponents of phrenology and ethnography also used both death masks and life masks ( taken from living subjects ) for scientific and pseudoscientific purposes ."
] | [
"He was the first to apply statistical methods to the study of human differences and inheritance of intelligence , and introduced the use of questionnaires and surveys for collecting data on human communities , which he needed for genealogical and biographical works and for his anthropometric studies ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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In Russia , the death mask tradition dates back to the times of Peter the Great , whose death mask was made by Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli . | [
"In Russia , the death mask tradition dates back to the times of Peter the Great , whose death mask was taken by Carlo Bartolomeo Rastrelli ."
] | [
"Returning to the continent he followed the invitation of Tsar Alexander I to come to St. Petersburg , where he lived so briefly he never prepared a meal for the Tsar before returning to Paris , where he was chef to banker James Mayer Rothschild ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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A special part of the rite was a sculpted mask , put on the face of the dead person . | [
"A special element of the rite was a sculpted mask , put on the face of the deceased ."
] | [
"The terra cotta disks were used to ceremonially offer the toys of youth to certain gods when a child came of age -- discs of other materials were used for actual play ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about History:"
} |
Oliver Cromwellâ s death mask is kept at Warwick Castle . | [
"Oliver Cromwellâ s death mask is preserved at Warwick Castle ."
] | [
"Ferrers purchased the painting for  # 210 , but the 6th Earl auctioned it off , and it is now held by Derby Museum and Art Gallery , where it is on permanent display , and close to a working replica of a full-sized mechanical Grand Orrery ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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In some cultures a death mask may be a clay or other item placed on the face of the dead person before burial rites . | [
"In other cultures a death mask may be a clay or another artifact placed on the face of the deceased before burial rites ."
] | [
"In modern times , the corpse is rarely carried on the bier without being first placed in a coffin or casket , though the coffin or casket is sometimes kept open ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Such masks were not , however , made from casts of the features . The mummification process itself kept the features of the dead person . | [
"Such masks were not , however , made from casts of the features ; rather , the mummification process itself preserved the features of the deceased ."
] | [
"The direct frontal stare , `` seemingly looking out from its own iconographical context and directly challenging the viewer '' , was highly unusual in ancient Greek art ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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A death mask is a wax or plaster cast made of a personâ s face after their death . | [
"In Western cultures a death mask is a wax or plaster cast made of a personâ s face following death ."
] | [
"Since it was against Greek tradition to open the body , Hippocrates only described and made drawings of outwardly visible tumors on the skin , nose , and breasts ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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Like in ancient Rome , death masks were often then used in making marble sculpture portraits , busts or engravings of the deceased . | [
"As earlier in ancient Rome , death masks were often subsequently used in making marble sculpture portraits , busts or engravings of the deceased ."
] | [
"Rembrandt 's greatest creative triumphs are exemplified especially in his portraits of his contemporaries , self-portraits and illustrations of scenes from the Bible ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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} |
It is sometimes possible to tell if paintings have been copied from death masks , because shape of the face is changed by the weight of the plaster during the making of the mold . | [
"It is sometimes possible to identify portraits that have been painted from death masks , because of the characteristic slight distortions of the features caused by the weight of the plaster during the making of the mold ."
] | [
"The whole of the lower half of his body and right side of his face are replaced , as is his left arm from the shoulder down , with scarring and metal accouterments covering what little was left of his organic self ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Another famous death mask is that of Napoleon Bonaparte , taken on the island of Saint Helena and displayed at Londonâ s British Museum . | [
"Another notable death mask is that of Napoleon Bonaparte , taken on the island of Saint Helena and displayed at Londonâ s British Museum ."
] | [
"In 1816 , he traveled to Vienna to paint the portrait of Emperor Francis I of Austria ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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The wax masks were then remade in stone . | [
"The wax masks were subsequently reproduced in more durable stone ."
] | [
"In its early form it was simply carbon powder ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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One of the first real Ukrainian death masks was that of the poet Taras Shevchenko , made by Peter Clodt von JÃ 1\/4 rgensburg in St. Petersburg , Russia . | [
"One of the first real Ukrainian death masks was that of the poet Taras Shevchenko , taken by Peter Clodt von JÃ 1\\/4 rgensburg in St. Petersburg , Russia ."
] | [
"Sarrasani was founded by Hans Stosch , a clown with the stage name Giovanni Sarrasani , who was born 1873 in PoznaÅ ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The most important process of the funeral ceremony in ancient Egypt was the mummification of the body . After prayers and consecration , the body was put into a sarcophagus decorated with gold and gems . | [
"The most important process of the funeral ceremony in ancient Egypt was the mummification of the body , which , after prayers and consecration , was put into a sarcophagus enameled and decorated with gold and gems ."
] | [
"Egyptians who worked or traveled on the Nile hoped that if they prayed to Sobek , the crocodile god , he would protect them from being attacked by crocodiles . The god Sobek , which was depicted as a crocodile or a man with the head of a crocodile was a powerful and frightening deity ; in some Egyptian creation my... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
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