Split (1)

train · 102k rows

query stringlengths 12 2.51k	pos list	neg list	task stringclasses 1 value	instruction dict
Decimal time of day had been first used in France two years earlier , but was set aside at the same time the metric system was started , and did not follow the metric pattern of a base unit and prefixed units .	[ "Decimal time of day had been introduced in France two years earlier , but was set aside at the same time the metric system was inaugurated , and did not follow the metric pattern of a base unit and prefixed units ." ]	[ "The meaning of the word `` million '' is common to the short scale and long scale numbering systems , unlike the larger numbers , which have different names in the two systems ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The International System of Units has only come up with prefixes for 10 units exponentially in both the multiple and submultiple directions .	[ "The International System of Units has only developed prefixes regarding 10 units exponentially in both the multiple and submultiple directions ." ]	[ "Two is the base of the simplest numeral system in which natural numbers can be written concisely , being the length of the number a logarithm of the value of the number ( whereas in base 1 the length of the number is the value of the number itself ) ; the binary system is used in computers ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The metric system was first used in France in 1795 . It had units for length , area , dry volume , liquid capacity , weight or mass , and even amounts of money , but not for time .	[ "When the metric system was introduced in France in 1795 , it included units for length , area , dry volume , liquid capacity , weight or mass , and even currency , but not for time ." ]	[ "In the United States and Canada , however , a ton is defined to be 2000 l. To avoid confusion , the former is more specifically referred to as a `` long ton '' and the latter , a `` short ton '' ; neither should be confused with the metric ton ( tonne ) , which is 1000 k. While they do vary , a ton is generally on...	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
The ephemeris second ( 1\/86400 of a mean solar day ) was made one of the original base units of the modern metric system , or International System of Units ( SI ) , at the 10th General Conference on Weights and Measures ( CGPM ) in 1954 .	[ "The ephemeris second ( defined as 1\\/86400 of a mean solar day ) was made one of the original base units of the modern metric system , or International System of Units ( SI ) , at the 10th General Conference on Weights and Measures ( CGPM ) in 1954 ." ]	[ "The SI unit measuring magnetic field B ( also referred to as the magnetic flux density and magnetic induction ) , the tesla , was named in his honor ( at the CGPM , Paris , 1960 ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The town was first called Huston , but was later named Piggott after Dr. James Piggott , an early resident .	[ "In September 2007 , several Piggott citizens gathered at the Piggott community center to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the release of A Face In The Crowd . Actress Patricia Neal returned to Piggott and toured the town during this celebration ." ]	[ "Grimes incorporated as a city on May 7 , 1894 . It is believed to be named after James W. Grimes ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The Ukrainian language ( Ukrainian : Ñ Ð Ñ Ð Ñ -- Ð 1\/2 Ñ Ñ Ð Ð ( Ð 1\/4 Ð 3\/4 Ð Ð ) , transliteration : ukrajins ` ka mova ) is an Eastern Slavic language .	[ "In Ukrainian history , this group is often referred to as `` Executed Renaissance '' ( Ukrainian : Ñ Ð 3\\/4 Ð Ñ Ñ Ñ Ñ -- Ð '' Ñ Ð 1\\/2 Ð Ð Ñ -- Ð Ñ Ð 3\\/4 Ð Ð Ð Ð 1\\/2 Ð 1\\/2 Ñ ) ." ]	[ "Vojvodina , officially called Autonomous Province of Vojvodina ( Serbian : Ð Ñ Ñ Ð 3\\/4 Ð 1\\/2 Ð 3\\/4 Ð 1\\/4 Ð 1\\/2 Ð Ð Ð 3\\/4 Ð Ñ Ð Ñ Ð Ð 1\\/2 Ð Ð ' Ð 3\\/4 Ñ Ð Ð 3\\/4 Ð Ð Ð 1\\/2 Ð , Autonomna Pokrajina Vojvodina , ; ; ; ; ; Rusyn : Ð Ð Ñ Ð 3\\/4 Ð 1\\/2 Ð 3\\/4 Ð 1\\/4 Ð 1\\/2 Ð Ð Ð 3\\/4 Ð Ñ Ð Ñ -- Ð 1...	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
Salvador Guerrero IV ( born October 20 , 1970 in El Paso , Texas ) also known as Chavo Guerrero and Chavo Guerrero , Jr. , is a third generation American professional wrestler and member of the famous Guerrero wrestling family .	[ "Salvador Guerrero IV ( born October 20 , 1970 ) also known as Chavo Guerrero and Chavo Guerrero , Jr. , is a third generation American professional wrestler and member of the famed Guerrero wrestling family , currently signed to World Wrestling Entertainment wrestling on its SmackDown brand ." ]	[ "Jamar Shipman ( born April 21 , 1985 in Elizabeth , New Jersey ) , better known by his ring name Jay Lethal , is an American professional wrestler , currently working for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Thomas Heyward , Jr. ( July 28 , 1746 -- March 6 , 1809 ) , was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence and of the Articles of Confederation as a representative of South Carolina .	[ "Thomas Heyward , Jr. ( July 28 , 1746 â `` March 6 , 1809 ) was a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence and of the Articles of Confederation as a representative of South Carolina ." ]	[ "Caesar Augustus Rodney ( January 4 , 1772 â `` June 10 , 1824 ) was an American lawyer and politician from Wilmington , in New Castle County , Delaware ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
So the word â musicalâ ( as in a stage musical ) is written : ã ã ã 1\/4 ã ã `` ã `` .	[ "For example , ã ã 1\\/4 ã `` mÄ `` ru is the gairaigo for e-mail taken from the English word `` mail '' ; the ã 1\\/4 lengthens the e. Small versions of the five vowel kana are sometimes used to represent trailing off sounds ( ã ã haa , ã ã nee ) , but in Katakana they are more often used in yÅ on-like digraphs wh...	[ "jj ; more final consonants ( ã ã ã ã ã ã 3\\/4 ã ã" ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
For example : the word â coffeeâ is written ã ã 1\/4 ã ' ã 1\/4 ( koo-hii ) .	[ "To signify long vowels , the chÅ onpu ( long vowel mark ) ( ã 1\\/4 ) used . For example , ã ã 1\\/4 ã `` mÄ `` ru is the gairaigo for e-mail taken from the English word `` mail '' ; the ã 1\\/4 lengthens the e. Small versions of the five vowel kana are sometimes used to represent trailing off sounds ( ã ã haa , ã...	[ "= `` great '' , Ð Ò Ñ Ñ Ñ = `` camp '' ) , Da KhÃ 1\\/4 ree ( from dÃ = `` great '' ) or simply KhÃ 1\\/4 ree\\/H Ã 1\\/4 ree ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Language and Linguistics:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Language and Linguistics:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
It is often used to write the names of Japanese companies , i.e. Suzuki is written ã ã ã , and Toyota is written ã ã ã .	[ "For example Suzuki is written ã ã ã , and Toyota is written ã ã ã ." ]	[ "The name `` Camry '' is an Anglicized phonetic transcription of the Japanese word kanmuri ( å , ã ã `` ã ã ) , meaning `` crown '' ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
Gaetano Donizetti ( born Bergamo 29 November 1797 ; died Bergamo 8 April 1848 ) was an Italian composer .	[ "Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti ( 29 November 1797 -- 8 April 1848 ) was an Italian composer from Bergamo , Lombardy ." ]	[ "Alban Maria Johannes Berg ( February 9 , 1885 â `` December 24 , 1935 ) was an Austrian composer ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about History:", "pos": "Represent the sentence about History:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The steam locomotives of British Railways were used by British Railways over the period 1948-1968 .	[ "The steam locomotives of British Railways were used by British Railways over the period 1948 â `` 1968 ." ]	[ "The first experimental batch ( BR numbers 15201-15203 ) were designed by Richard Maunsell of the SR in 1937 and were later classified D3\\/12 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The vast majority of these were inherited from its four constituent companies .	[ "The vast majority of these were inherited from its four constituent companies , the `` Big Four '' ." ]	[ "Two notable exceptions are dedicated to the death of members of his family ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Selles , Pas-de-Calais is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .	[ "Selles is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]	[ "Vitry-en-Artois is a commune and in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the text about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the text about Geography:" }
The song was featured on the soundtrack to the movie , I Know What You Did Last Summer .	[ "The song was included on the soundtrack to the 1998 movie , I Know What You Did Last Summer ." ]	[ "The single includes the songs `` Help Is Round the Corner '' and `` No More Keeping My Feet on the Ground '' , the third taken from the band 's first EP , Safety ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
'' ` Clumsy ' '' is a 1997 alternative rock song by the Canadian alternative rock band Our Lady Peace and is the second single from their second studio album Clumsy , which was released in 1997 .	[ "`` Clumsy '' is the second single released by alternative rock band Our Lady Peace from their second album , Clumsy ." ]	[ "`` Somewhere Only We Know '' is a song performed and composed by English alternative rock band Keane , officially released as their third commercial single , and appearing as the opening track of their debut album , Hopes and Fears as the first single ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Music:" }
Chloroflexi is one of four classes of bacteria produce energy from light and are named for their green pigment , usually found in photosynthetic bodies .	[ "Chloroflexi or Chlorobacteria ( formerly known as green non-sulfur bacteria ) is one of four classes of bacteria in the phylum Chloroflexi . They produce energy from light and are named for their green pigment , usually found in photosynthetic bodies called chlorosomes ." ]	[ "Haloarchaea are microrganisms and members of the halophile community , in that they require high salt concentrations to grow ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
He was born on May 13 , 1930 ( a date that has been disputed ) , in a coffee-growing region of west-central Colombia in the QuindÃ o Department , to a peasant family politically aligned with the Liberal Party during La Violencia .	[ "Marulanda was born in a coffee-growing region of west-central Colombia in the QuindÃ o Department , to a peasant family politically aligned with the Liberal Party during conflicts in the 1940s and 1950s ." ]	[ "Sucre opted to create a new nation and , with local support , named it in honor of SimÃ n BolÃ var . However , the original name given to the newly formed country was Republic of BolÃ var ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Marulanda himself changed his political and ideological inclinations to the Communist Party ( PCC ) sometime during the period of `` La Violencia '' ( roughly 1948 to 1958 ) that followed the assassination of the Liberal Party 's leader Jorge EliÃ cer GaitÃ n.	[ "Marulanda himself changed his political and ideological inclinations to the Communist Party ( PCC ) during `` La Violencia '' ( roughly 1948 to 1958 ) that followed the assassination of the Liberal Party 's leader Jorge EliÃ cer GaitÃ n." ]	[ "He was one of the founders of the city of Sabaneta and an important military leader during the initial stages of the Restoration War ( 1863 â `` 1865 )" ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
In March 2006 , Alberto Gonzales , the Attorney General of the United States , announced in conjunction with DEA and Department of Justice officials that the State Department had placed a $ 5 million dollar reward on Tirofijo 's head , or for information leading to his capture .	[ "In March 2006 , Alberto Gonzales , the Attorney General of the United States , announced in conjunction with Drug Enforcement Administration and United States Department of Justice officials that the US State Department had placed a $ 5 million dollar reward on Tirofijo 's head , or for information leading to his ...	[ "Activists in Portugal , Australia , the United States , and elsewhere pressured their governments to take action , with US President Bill Clinton eventually threatening Indonesia , in dire economic straits already , with the withdrawal of IMF loans ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Pedro Antonio MarÃ n , ( 1930-2008 ) known by his pseudonym , Manuel Marulanda VÃ lez , and nicknamed by his comrades `` Tirofijo '' , apparently because of a reputed ability to accurately aim firearms . He was the main leader of the FARC-EP ( `` Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - EjÃ rcito del Pueblo '' ) .	[ "Pedro Antonio MarÃ n MarÃ n ( May 13 , 1930 ( disputed ) - March 26 , 2008 ) , known by his `` nom de guerre '' Manuel Marulanda VÃ lez , was the main leader of the FARC-EP ( `` Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - EjÃ rcito del Pueblo '' ) ." ]	[ "JosÃ RenÃ Higuita Zapata ( born 27 August 1966 in MedellÃ n ( Barrio Castilla ) ) is a former Colombian football goalkeeper nicknamed `` El Loco '' and the creator of the Scorpion kick ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Sports:" }
When someone is sprayed with pepper spray , their eyes will close and they will have difficulty breathing , a runny nose , and cough .	[ "It causes immediate closing of the eyes , difficulty breathing , runny nose , and coughing ." ]	[ "Massaging the dog 's throat or covering its nose in order to make it breathe through its mouth can often shorten episodes ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Pepper spray is mostly used by police forces for riot control , but in some countries people can use it for self-defence .	[ "In Iran the use of pepper spray is forbidden and is only used by police forces ." ]	[ "The lyrics are sung from the point of view of an individual who is outraged by police brutality and decides to take the law into his own hands by killing police officers ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The stronger the spray is , the longer the effects last , but the average full effect lasts around thirty to forty-five minutes , with longer effects lasting for hours .	[ "The duration of its effects depends on the strength of the spray but the average full effect lasts around thirty to forty-five minutes , with diminished effects lasting for hours ." ]	[ "They take about eight to nine years to mature , and are estimated to live for up to 30 years ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
Pepper spray ( also called OC spray , from Oleoresin capsicum ) is a spray used for self-defence , by spraying it into an attacker 's face . It makes eyes water and causes intense pain , sometimes even leading to temporary blindness .	[ "Pepper spray , also known as OC spray ( from `` Oleoresin Capsicum '' ) , OC gas , and capsicum spray , is a lachrymatory agent ( a chemical compound that irritates the eyes to cause tears , pain , and even temporary blindness ) that is used in riot control , crowd control , and personal self-defence , including d...	[ "It causes immediate closing of the eyes , difficulty breathing , runny nose , and coughing ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Pepper spray is an inflammatory agent .	[ "Pepper spray is an inflammatory ." ]	[ "Chloroform was once a popular anesthetic ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
It is the world 's third largest lake , and the world 's largest freshwater lake ( by area ) .	[ "It is the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area if Lake Michigan-Huron is counted as two lakes and is the world 's third-largest freshwater lake by volume ." ]	[ "Between MorÃ n and the north coast are several lakes , including the Laguna de Leche ( the Lagoon of Milk , so called for its white appearance because of large lime deposits underwater ) which is the largest natural lake in Cuba ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Lake Superior is in between Ontario and Minnesota to the north and Wisconsin and Michigan in the south , and is the largest of North America 's Great Lakes .	[ "Lake Superior is the largest of the five Great Lakes of North America . It is bounded to the north by the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. state of Minnesota , and to the south by the U.S. states of Wisconsin and Michigan ." ]	[ "The region is located southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and North America , east of Central America , and to the north of South America ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Lake Superior is a lake in Canada and the United States .	[ "Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area , and empties into Lake Huron via the St. Marys River and the Soo Locks . Lake Baikal in Russia is larger by volume , as is Lake Tanganyika ." ]	[ "Lake Forest is an city located in Lake County , Illinois , United States ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Felicity Huffman ( born December 9 , 1962 ) is an Academy Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning American movie and television actress .	[ "Felicity Kendall Huffman ( born December 9 , 1962 ) is an American film , stage , and television actress ." ]	[ "Khandi Alexander ( born September 4 , 1957 ) is an American dancer , choreographer , and film and television actress ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
She is well known for her role as Lynette Scavo , a busy mother on the ABC television show Desperate Housewives .	[ "She is known for her role as executive producer Dana Whitaker on the ABC television show Sports Night ( 1998 â '' 2000 ) , which earned her an Golden Globe Award nomination , and as hectic supermom Lynette Scavo on the ABC show Desperate Housewives ( 2004 â '' present ) , which has earned her an Emmy Award ." ]	[ "In 2006 , he played a recurring role on the final season of The O.C and guest-starred in the sitcom Two and a Half Men ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Entertainment:" }
Adobe Illustrator is a computer program for making graphic design and illustrations . It is made by Adobe Systems .	[ "Adobe Illustrator is the companion product of Adobe Photoshop ." ]	[ "It includes everything that relates to creation of signs , charts , logos , graphs , drawings , line art , symbols , geometric designs and so on ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
It is made by Adobe Systems .	[ "Adobe Illustrator is a vector graphics editor developed and marketed by Adobe Systems ." ]	[ "For five years the community included Robert Shingledecker , who created the MyDSL system , DSL Control Panel , and other features ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Cash is a form of liquid currency , such as banknotes or coins .	[ "In common language cash refers to money in the physical form of currency , such as banknotes and coins ." ]	[ "During it , economic assets ( or capital ) were represented by bullion ( gold , silver , and trade value ) , which was best increased through a positive and healthy balance of trade with other states ( exports minus imports ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
On the other side of the watershed , the rivers Tyne , Tees , Swale , Calder , Aire , Don , and Trent flow east to the North Sea .	[ "On the other side of the watershed , the rivers Tyne , Tees , Wear , Swale , Ure , Nidd , Calder , Wharfe , Aire , Don and Trent also rise in the region but flow eastwards to the North Sea ." ]	[ "It is roughly a 13-mile ( 20-kilometre ) square-shaped peninsula , bounded by Morecambe Bay to the north , the Ribble estuary to the south , the Irish Sea to the west , and the Bowland hills to the east ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
The Pennines make up the main watershed in northern England , dividing the eastern and western parts of the country .	[ "The Pennines constitute the main watershed in Northern England , dividing the eastern and western parts of the country ." ]	[ "The eastern part of Merseyside borders onto Lancashire to the north , Greater Manchester to the east , with both parts of the county bordering Cheshire to the south ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Often said to be the `` backbone of England '' , they form an unbroken range stretching from the Peak District in the Midlands , through the Yorkshire Dales , parts of Greater Manchester , the West Pennine Moors of Lancashire and Cumbrian Fells to the Cheviot Hills on the Scottish border .	[ "Often described as the `` backbone of England '' , they form a more-or-less continuous range stretching from the Peak District in Derbyshire , around the northern and eastern edges of Greater Manchester , through the Yorkshire Dales past the Cumbrian Fells to the Cheviot Hills on the Anglo-Scottish border ." ]	[ "The eastern part of Merseyside borders onto Lancashire to the north , Greater Manchester to the east , with both parts of the county bordering Cheshire to the south ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The rivers Eden , Ribble , and Mersey flow west towards the Irish Sea .	[ "The rivers Eden , Ribble , Irwell and Mersey all rise in the Pennines and flow westwards towards the Irish Sea ." ]	[ "The city of Liverpool over the Mersey , faces the northeastern side of the Wirral . Bordering is the River Mersey to the east , the Irish Sea to the north and the River Dee to the west ; the borough of Cheshire West and Chester occupies the remainder of the Wirral Peninsula and borders the Wirral borough to the so...	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Christendom or the Christian world , , in the widest sense , means Christianity as a territorial phenomenon . That means : those countries where most people are Christians and by that are part of Christendom .	[ "Christendom , or the Christian world , has several meanings ." ]	[ "Religious persecution has taken place at least since the Persecution of early Christians in the Roman Empire , and has happened in completely different historical , geographical and social contexts , but still , some generalizations are necessary . One period of religious persecution which has been studied extensi...	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Cid ( Sidney ) Corman ( June 29 , 1924 -- March 12 , 2004 ) was an American poet well known for editing the magazine Origin .	[ "Cid ( Sidney ) Corman ( June 29 , 1924 -- March 12 , 2004 ) was an American poet , translator and editor , most notably of Origin , who was a key figure in the history of American poetry in the second half of the 20th century ." ]	[ "Hugh A. Robertson ( May 28 , 1932-January 10 , 1988 ) ) was an African-American film director and editor ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Malawi national football team is the national football team of Malawi .	[ "The Malawi national football team , nicknamed The Flames , is the national team of Malawi and is controlled by the Football Association of Malawi ." ]	[ "The British Virgin Islands national football team is the national team of the British Virgin Islands and is controlled by the British Virgin Islands Football Association ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Guity Novin ( born Guity Navran ) , is a Persian-Canadian painter and sculptor .	[ "Guity Novin ( born Guity Navran , 1944 ) is an Iranian-Canadian figurative painter , and graphic designer residing in Canada ." ]	[ "Monica Yunus , his elder daughter , is a Bangladeshi-Russian American operatic soprano , working in New York City ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
She has started a movement in painting that she has named Transpressionism .	[ "She classifies her work as Transpressionism , a movement she has introduced ." ]	[ "Strong drew many observations while in Europe which inspired her to write ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Kankakee is a city of Illinois in the United States .	[ "Kankakee is a city in Kankakee County , Illinois , USA ." ]	[ "Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
In his career he worked on the fruit-fly Drosophila melanogaster with Thomas Hunt Morgan .	[ "Throughout his career he worked on the organism Drosophila melanogaster with Thomas Hunt Morgan ." ]	[ "With the encouragement of this group of scientists , Stebbins directed his research towards evolution ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Sturtevant made the first genetic map of a chromosome in 1913 .	[ "Sturtevant constructed the first genetic map of a chromosome in 1913 ." ]	[ "McClintock 's research became well understood in the 1960s and 1970s , as researchers demonstrated the mechanisms of genetic change and genetic regulation that she had demonstrated in her maize research in the 1940s and 1950s ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Alfred Henry Sturtevant ( 21 November 1891 â `` 5 April 5 1970 ) was an American geneticist .	[ "Alfred Henry Sturtevant ( November 21 , 1891 -- April 5 , 1970 ) was an American geneticist ." ]	[ "James Edward Keeler ( September 10 , 1857 â `` August 12 , 1900 ) was an American astronomer ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
In 1885 , Grenada took over responsibility for the Windward Islands instead of Barbados .	[ "In 1885 , Barbados 's oversight of the Windward Islands was replaced by Grenada ." ]	[ "The city was first founded by the British in 1827 , who leased the island from Spain during the colonial period ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
In 1833 , Barbados became part of the new colony of the Windward Islands and the Governor of Barbados became viceroy over the new colony as well .	[ "In 1833 , Barbados became part of the newly formed colony of the Windward Islands , and the Governor of Barbados became viceroy over the new colony as well ." ]	[ "In 1955 , a year before western Nigeria became internally self-governing , Sir Ademola was appointed Chief Justice for Western Nigeria , thus becoming the first Nigerian head of the judiciary anywhere in Nigeria ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
This page contains a list of viceroys in Barbados from when Great Britain started a colony in 1627 by England until Barbados received independence in 1966 .	[ "This page contains a list of viceroys in Barbados from its initial colonisation in 1627 by England until it achieved independence in 1966 ." ]	[ "`` Sons and Daughters of Saint Lucia '' is the national anthem of Saint Lucia , first adopted in 1967 upon achieving self government , and confirmed as the official anthem upon independence in 1979 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Flaujagues is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .	[ "Flaujagues is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ." ]	[ "Camps-sur-l ` Isle is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about Geography:", "pos": "Represent the description about Geography:", "neg": "Represent the description about Geography:" }
Shogo Shiozawa ( born 9 September 1982 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Sagawa Printing .	[ "Shogo Shiozawa is a Japanese football player who currently playing for Sagawa Printing S.C. ." ]	[ "Daisuke Nitta ( born May 11 , 1980 ) is a former Japanese football player ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about Sports:", "pos": "Represent the sentence about Sports:", "neg": "Represent the sentence about Sports:" }
It restrengthened slightly before making its first landfall near BahÃ a Tortugas , Baja California Sur .	[ "It restrengthened slightly before making its first landfall near BahÃ a Tortugas , Baja California Sur on September 25 ." ]	[ "Aletta developed from an area of disturbed weather located south-southwest of the Mexican port of Acapulco , Guerrero ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence about Weather:", "pos": "Represent the sentence about Weather:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
As a result , it was used in the 2003 Pacific hurricane season and is on the list of names to be used in 2009 .	[ "As a result , it was used in the 2003 Pacific hurricane season , 2009 Pacific hurricane season , and is on the list of names to be used in 2015 ." ]	[ "As the storm was never forecast to attain tropical storm status , no tropical storm warnings or watches were issued ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Nora killed two people in Mexico . One was killed by a downed power line in Mexicali , and the other was a scuba diving in underwater currents .	[ "Nora killed two in Mexico : an electrocution by a downed power line in Mexicali , Baja California , and a diver caught in strong underwater currents created by Nora off the coast of the San Quintin Valley ." ]	[ "Nearby , one man and a baby drowned as a result of the storm surge , and another died while attempting to cross a flooded river ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Late on September 25 ( UTC ) , still a tropical storm , it entered the continental United States at the California-Arizona state line .	[ "Late on the 25th ( UTC ) , still a tropical storm , it entered the continental United States at the California-Arizona state line ." ]	[ "Cindy reached hurricane strength the next day , but did not strengthen further prior to its landfall on High Island , Texas ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Weather:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Weather:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Farther inland , the National Weather Service issued flash flood watches for western Arizona , southeastern California , southwestern Colorado , southern Nevada and southern Utah on September 26 .	[ "Further inland , the National Weather Service issued flash flood watches for western Arizona , southeastern California , southwestern Colorado , southern Nevada and southern Utah on September 26 ." ]	[ "Because the storm was weak , effects were limited to heavy rainfall throughout portions of Florida , Georgia , South Carolina and North Carolina ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
He currently hosts The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson which airs on CBS .	[ "He is the host of The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson , an Emmy Award-nominated , Peabody Award-winning late-night talk show that airs on CBS ." ]	[ "The program went on hiatus on February 15 , 2008 , because staff members said they needed a break , but returned to the airwaves in June 2008 on WLRM on Saturday nights ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Craig Ferguson ( born May 17 , 1962 in Glasgow , Scotland ) is an Scottish-American late night television host , comedian and actor .	[ "Craig Ferguson ( born 17 May 1962 ) is a Scottish-born , naturalized American television host , stand-up comedian , writer , actor , director , and producer ." ]	[ "Brent Butt ( born August 3 , 1966 ) is a Canadian stand-up comedian actor and writer ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
He became an American citizen on February 1 , 2008 .	[ "He became a citizen of the United States in 2008 ." ]	[ "They married on September 21 , 2007 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
The Treaty of Shimonoseki ( Chinese : é é -- æ cents ç Japanese : ä é -- cents æ ç ) was signed between the Qing Dynasty and Empire of Japan at Shimonoseki in 1895 AD .	[ "The Treaty of Shimonoseki ( Japanese : ä é -- cents æ ç , `` Shimonoseki JÅ yaku '' ) , known as the Treaty of Maguan in China , was signed at the ShunpanrÅ hall on April 17 , 1895 , between the Empire of Japan and Qing Empire of China , ending the First Sino-Japanese War ." ]	[ "Shen Bao , formerly transliterated as Shun Pao or Shen-pao ( Chinese : ç '' å ; Pinyin : ShÄ `` n BÃ o ) , known in English as Shanghai News , was a newspaper published from April 30 , 1872 to May 27 , 1949 in Shanghai , China ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
The GNU Free Documentation License ( GFDL ) is a copyleft license for open content . It was made up by the Free Software Foundation ( FSF ) for the GNU project .	[ "The GNU Free Documentation License ( GNU FDL or simply GFDL ) is a copyleft license for free documentation , designed by the Free Software Foundation ( FSF ) for the GNU Project ." ]	[ "MINIX ( from `` mini-Unix '' ) was first released in 1987 , with its complete source code made available to universities for study in courses and research . It has been free and open source software since it was re-licensed under the BSD license in April 2000 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
Kazuhiro Suzuki ( born 16 November 1976 ) is a Japanese football player .	[ "Kazuhiro Suzuki ( born November 16 , 1976 in Tokyo , Japan ) is a Japanese football player ." ]	[ "Hwang Hak-Sun ( born October 10 , 1976 ) is a North Korean football player ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description about Sports:", "pos": "Represent the description about Sports:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
Newark was originally formed as a township on October 31 , 1693 .	[ "Newark was originally formed as a township on October 31 , 1693 , based on the Newark Tract , which was first purchased on July 11 , 1667 ." ]	[ "Grandview was officially incorporated on September 21 , 1909 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Newark was reincorporated as a city on April 11 , 1836 .	[ "Newark was reincorporated as a city on April 11 , 1836 , replacing Newark Township , based on the results of a referendum passed on March 18 , 1836 ." ]	[ "Grandview was officially incorporated on September 21 , 1909 ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Newark is the largest city in in U.S. State of New Jersey , 65th largest city in the United States , and serves as the seat of Essex County .	[ "Newark is the largest city in New Jersey , United States , and the county seat of Essex County ." ]	[ "Mobile is the third most populous city in the Southern US state of Alabama and is the county seat of Mobile County ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
During its time as a township , portions were taken to form Springfield Township , New Jersey , Caldwell Township , New Jersey , Orange Township , New Jersey , Bloomfield Township , New Jersey , ( March 23 , 1812 ) and Clinton Township , New Jersey .	[ "Newark was granted a Royal Charter on April 27 , 1713 , and was incorporated as one of New Jersey 's initial 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21 , 1798 . During its time as a township , portions were taken to form Springfield Township ( April 14 , 1794 ) , Caldwell Township ( Febru...	[ "Fauset was born in Fredericksville , an all-black hamlet in Camden County , New Jersey , also known as Free Haven ( now incorporated into the borough of Lawnside , New Jersey ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Presently aphids are classified in 10 families , though historically there were many fewer , with most species included in the family Aphididae .	[ "About 4,400 species of 10 families are known . Historically , many fewer families were recognized , as most species were included in the family Aphididae ." ]	[ "A 2003 study of thirty species ( by Sean Brady of Cornell University ) indicates that the ecitonine and doryline army ants together formed a monophyletic group : all shared identical genetic markers that suggest a common ancestor . Brady concluded that these two groups are therefore a single lineage that evolved i...	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Aphids are most common in temperate zones .	[ "Aphids are distributed worldwide , but are most common in temperate zones ." ]	[ "It is a resident frugivore found mainly in tropical Asia ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:" }
They have also been spread by human transportation of infested plant materials .	[ "Aphids have also been spread by human transportation of infested plant materials ." ]	[ "Endemics can easily become endangered or extinct if their restricted habitat changes , particularly but not only due to the actions of man , including the introduction of new organisms ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
For example , the lettuce aphid spread from New Zealand to Tasmania .	[ "For example , the currant lettuce aphid , Nasonovia ribisnigri , is believed to have spread from New Zealand to Tasmania in this way ." ]	[ "It occurs as an accidental further south in Central America ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Important natural enemies include the predatory lady beetles ( Coleoptera : Coccinellidae ) , hoverfly larvae ( Diptera : Syrphidae ) , and lacewings ( Neuroptera : Chrysopidae ) , and entomopathogenic fungi like Lecanicillium lecanii and the Entomophthorales .	[ "Natural enemies include predatory ladybirds , hoverfly larvae , parasitic wasps , aphid midge larvae , crab spiders , lacewings and entomopathogenic fungi like Lecanicillium lecanii and the Entomophthorales ." ]	[ "Some beetle larvae resemble hardened worms with dark head capsules and minute legs . These are elateriform larvae , and are found in the click beetle ( Elateridae ) and darkling beetle ( Tenebrionidae ) families ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
Alexander Andrijevski ( born August 10 , 1968 in Minsk , Belarus ) was a Belarusian professional hockey right winger who played one game for the Chicago Blackhawks in the National Hockey League .	[ "Alexander Andrijevski ( born 10 August 1968 in Minsk , Soviet Union ) is a former Belarusian professional ice hockey player who played one game in the National Hockey League for the Chicago Blackhawks ." ]	[ "Michael Hordy ( born October 10 , 1956 in Thunder Bay , Ontario ) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey player who played eleven games in the National Hockey League for the New York Islanders ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text about Sports:" }
This movie ranked number 16 on Entertainment Weekly 's list of the 50 Best High School Movies .	[ "The film ranked number 16 on Entertainment Weeklys list of the 50 Best High School Movies ." ]	[ "Stills was ranked # 28 in Rolling Stone Magazine 's 2003 list of `` The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Princess Taiping was a princess of Tang dynasty China . She was the daughter of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian .	[ "It is not known when Princess Taiping was born , but it is known that she was the youngest of six known children of Emperor Gaozong and his second wife Empress Wu ( later known as Wu Zetian ) ." ]	[ "Later in 241 , the crown prince Sun Deng died â '' an event that left open the issue of succession and appeared to mark the start of a precipitous decline in Sun Quan 's mental health . In 242 , he appointed his son Sun He , born to Consort Wang , crown prince ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Princess Taiping was a princess of Tang dynasty China .	[ "Princess Taiping ( , lit ." ]	[ "Very little is known about Empress Fu 's life before or after she became an empress ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
She was the daughter of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian .	[ "`` Princess of Peace '' , personal name unknown ) ( died 2 August 713 ) was a princess of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty and her mother Wu Zetian 's Zhou Dynasty . She was the youngest daughter of Wu Zetian and Emperor Gaozong and was powerful during the reigns of her mother and her elder brothers Emperor Zhongz...	[ "Later in 241 , the crown prince Sun Deng died â '' an event that left open the issue of succession and appeared to mark the start of a precipitous decline in Sun Quan 's mental health . In 242 , he appointed his son Sun He , born to Consort Wang , crown prince ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
Î 1\/4 Î Î Î ( IdoumaÃ a ) . In Latin , it was IdumÃ a or Idumea .	[ "Î 1\\/4 Î Î Î , IdoumaÃ a ; Latin : IdumÃ a or Idumea ) was a 1st millennium BC Iron Age kingdom of southern Jordan ." ]	[ "AvÄ `` MarÄ `` a , grÄ tiÄ plÄ `` na , Dominus tÄ `` cum ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
In Syriac it was Ü Ü Ü Ü . In Greek , it was á 1\/4 Î Î Ï	[ "Edom ( ; Assyrian : Udumi ; Syriac : Ü Ü Ü Ü ; Greek : á 1\\/4 Î Î Ï" ]	[ "It is known as Ä isma in the Septuagint , which is short for Ä isma Ä ismatÅ n ( Greek , á 3\\/4 Ï Î 1\\/4 Î á 3\\/4 Ï Î 1\\/4 Î Ï Ï Î 1\\/2 , `` Song of Songs '' ) ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Arc welding heats metals by making a high-current electric arc between pieces of metal to be joined and an electrode .	[ "One of the most common types of arc welding is shielded metal arc welding ( SMAW ) ; it is also known as manual metal arc welding ( MMA ) or stick welding . Electric current is used to strike an arc between the base material and consumable electrode rod , which is made of steel and is covered with a flux that prot...	[ "A not often used definition of glaze is the highly sintered compacted oxide layer formed due to the sliding of either two metallic surfaces ( or sometimes a metal surface and ceramic surface ) at very high temperatures ( normally several hundred degrees Celsius ) in oxidizing conditions ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Forge welding is the first kind of welding that ever was used .	[ "The process is commonly used for welding dissimilar materials , such as the welding of aluminum with steel in ship hulls or compound plates . Other solid-state welding processes include friction welding ( including friction stir welding ) , electromagnetic pulse welding , co-extrusion welding , cold welding , diff...	[ "The reaction is used for thermite welding , often used to join rail tracks ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
Most of these kinds of welding are only done where specially needed . They might use an electron beam , laser , or ultrasonic sound waves .	[ "Laser beam welding employs a highly focused laser beam , while electron beam welding is done in a vacuum and uses an electron beam ." ]	[ "Constant voltage power supplies hold the voltage constant and vary the current , and as a result , are most often used for automated welding processes such as gas metal arc welding , flux cored arc welding , and submerged arc welding ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
In SMAW , GMAW , and related welding processes , the electrode is consumed and becomes part of the weld .	[ "Since the electrode is continuous , welding speeds are greater for GMAW than for SMAW ." ]	[ "Constant voltage power supplies hold the voltage constant and vary the current , and as a result , are most often used for automated welding processes such as gas metal arc welding , flux cored arc welding , and submerged arc welding ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Gas tungsten arc welding ( GTAW ) : GTAW is also known as TIG ( tungsten inert gas welding ) .	[ "Gas tungsten arc welding ( GTAW ) , or tungsten inert gas ( TIG ) welding , is a manual welding process that uses a nonconsumable tungsten electrode , an inert or semi-inert gas mixture , and a separate filler material ." ]	[ "Constant voltage power supplies hold the voltage constant and vary the current , and as a result , are most often used for automated welding processes such as gas metal arc welding , flux cored arc welding , and submerged arc welding ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
There are many kinds of welding , including arc welding , resistance welding , and gas welding . The most common type is arc welding .	[ "Other arc welding processes include atomic hydrogen welding , electroslag welding , electrogas welding , and stud arc welding ." ]	[ "The two principal types of flux are acid flux , used for metal mending and plumbing , and rosin flux , used in electronics , where the corrosiveness of acid flux and vapors released when solder is heated would risk damaging delicate circuitry ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
The other kind of welding that does not use an arc still uses electricity . It is called resistance welding .	[ "In recent years , in order to minimize labor costs in high production manufacturing , industrial welding has become increasingly more automated , most notably with the use of robots in resistance spot welding ( especially in the automotive industry ) and in arc welding ." ]	[ "Since the electrode is continuous , welding speeds are greater for GMAW than for SMAW ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
There are other kinds of welding that do not use an arc .	[ "Constant voltage power supplies hold the voltage constant and vary the current , and as a result , are most often used for automated welding processes such as gas metal arc welding , flux cored arc welding , and submerged arc welding ." ]	[ "Laser beam welding employs a highly focused laser beam , while electron beam welding is done in a vacuum and uses an electron beam ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Friction stir welding is a special kind of welding that does not use heat .	[ "In robot welding , mechanized devices both hold the material and perform the weld and at first , spot welding was its most common application , but robotic arc welding increases in popularity as technology advances . Other key areas of research and development include the welding of dissimilar materials ( such as ...	[ "Laser beam welding employs a highly focused laser beam , while electron beam welding is done in a vacuum and uses an electron beam ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:" }
Because the electrode is consumed by the welding process , the electrode must constantly be fed into the weld .	[ "Consumable electrode processes such as shielded metal arc welding and gas metal arc welding generally use direct current , but the electrode can be charged either positively or negatively . In welding , the positively charged anode will have a greater heat concentration , and as a result , changing the polarity of...	[ "Soft soldering is characterized by the melting point of the filler metal , which is below 400 Â . The filler metal used in the process is called solder ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
The most common type of welding that does not use an arc is called gas welding .	[ "Following the wars , several modern welding techniques were developed , including manual methods like shielded metal arc welding , now one of the most popular welding methods , as well as semi-automatic and automatic processes such as gas metal arc welding , submerged arc welding , flux-cored arc welding and elect...	[ "The two principal types of flux are acid flux , used for metal mending and plumbing , and rosin flux , used in electronics , where the corrosiveness of acid flux and vapors released when solder is heated would risk damaging delicate circuitry ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Gas metal arc welding ( GMAW ) : GMAW is also known as MIG ( metal\/inert gas welding ) .	[ "Gas metal arc welding ( GMAW ) , also known as metal inert gas or MIG welding , is a semi-automatic or automatic process that uses a continuous wire feed as an electrode and an inert or semi-inert gas mixture to protect the weld from contamination . Since the electrode is continuous , welding speeds are greater fo...	[ "Constant voltage power supplies hold the voltage constant and vary the current , and as a result , are most often used for automated welding processes such as gas metal arc welding , flux cored arc welding , and submerged arc welding ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the description:", "neg": "Represent the description:" }
There are many kinds of welding , including arc welding , resistance welding , and gas welding .	[ "Other solid-state welding processes include friction welding ( including friction stir welding ) , electromagnetic pulse welding , co-extrusion welding , cold welding , diffusion welding , exothermic welding , high frequency welding , hot pressure welding , induction welding , and roll welding ." ]	[ "Along with sodium chloride and lithium chloride , potassium chloride is used as a flux for the gas welding of aluminium ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
Brown hair is the second most common hair color .	[ "Brown hair is the second most common human hair color ." ]	[ "Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:" }
However , people with brown or black hair are found all across the world .	[ "Brown hair comes in a wide variety of shades from the very darkest of brown ( almost black ) to light brown showing small signs of blondism . Shades of brown hair include :" ]	[ "However , it has come over time to have a much more significant meaning to the player and fans ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Brown hair is the second most common hair color . It varies from light brown to black .	[ "Brown hair varies from light brown to almost black hair ." ]	[ "It seems that this occurred because the color of the fur of the mole can itself exhibit a wide range of shades , from gray through yellowish , brownish , and even purplish ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Stettfurt is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland .	[ "Stettfurt is a municipality in the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland ." ]	[ "Gachnang is a municipality in the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the text:", "pos": "Represent the text:", "neg": "Represent the text:" }
The template defaults to Assembly seats if no parameter is given .	[ "The template was designed to default to Assembly seats if no parameter is given ." ]	[ "If an entry can be found with a tag matching that of the desired datum , the datum in the entry is used instead ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:", "pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:", "neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:" }
This template creates a header to be used with succession boxes .	[ "This template creates a header to be used with succession boxes for people occupying seats in elected legislatures ." ]	[ "If you want , you can copy one of the simplified sets of code and add a few fields from the `` Full '' code ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the sentence:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }
Gene Simmons is a solo album by Gene Simmons , the bass player of the American hard rock\/heavy metal band , Kiss .	[ "Gene Simmons is a 1978 solo album from the bassist and vocalist of American hard rock band Kiss ." ]	[ "Keith John Moon ( August 23 , 1946 â `` 7 September 1978 ) was an English musician , best known for being the drummer of English rock group The Who ." ]	SimpleWiki	{ "query": "Represent the description:", "pos": "Represent the sentence:", "neg": "Represent the sentence:" }

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