query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How does Silicone hold information. basically giving us computers | [
"It is silicon. [Measured by mass, silicon makes up 27.7% of the Earth's crust](_URL_0_) Silicon is next to aluminum It is a member of group 14 in the periodic table, along with carbon above it and germanium, tin, and lead below. It is a semiconductor, neither a good conductor like aluminum or an insulator. As suc... | [
"They have been reading lips, same thing now add sound."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is depression so common in Grad school? | [
"Grad student here. Everyone (well almost everyone) in grad school is depressed. You're stressed, over worked, and likely taking out loans while your peers are a couple years into good jobs and make good money. Plus being a graduate student never got anyone laid (unless you TA)."
] | [
"Is this conversation normal for nine year old children?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What causes the "pressing" feeling in your lungs that makes you want to cough when inhaling marijuana smoke? | [
"That is your lungs wanting to expel what is in them because they need something richer in oxygen content."
] | [
"Sounds like dehydration. It can do a lot of fucked up stuff to you. Headaches for sure. Do you breathe from your mouth when you sleep? The combination of both could probably dry out your throat quite a bit overnight overnight. Maybe look into a humidifier as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How did Israel developed from rand rock desert into OECD equivalent progressive nation. | [
"It was built by first world people, at first educated by first world institutions, until they created their own. And they get funded by first world jews all over the world. Jews have always prioritized education(as asians do)."
] | [
"That's a global number think about the Chinese market as opposed to the american market."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:"
} |
Why do we have to restart our PC after uninstalling an app? | [
"In my experience, only the OS itself applies to this statement, meaning updates etc. Any other program I've used asked me to restart after installing/uninstalling and not once have I"
] | [
"The update completely replaces the entire app, it doesn't update individual files. It's the same as completely removing the app and installing the new version."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why is left-handedness seen as something to be "corrected" in some cultures | [
"Depends on the place, some cultures have certain etiquette for which hand is meant for doing what (shaking hands, eating, hygiene, etc). For lefties, all of these would feel backwards, but a lot of it comes from them being the minority and the superstition that comes along with being different than most people aro... | [
"Sometimes, the lisp is the result of the shape of the mouth and teeth. In such a case, you may as well say \"I don't need a wheelchair, but I can still use one. Why can't disabled people just walk?\" Often, though, it's psychological, and can be trained away by a speech therapist. That's why lisps are more common ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is Arnold Palmer Tea/Lemonade cheaper than water? | [
"because people are suckers and will pay $$$ for bottled water"
] | [
"Because Coke isn't pre-mixed for you. What they are doing is mixing Soda Water with Coke Syrup, the result is the Coca-Cola you know and love."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why are some people more creative than others? Is it an innate trait or can you teach yourself to be creative? | [
"You can definitely teach yourself to be creative. There are creative exercises they use to get the mind going, and they have tricks to get past writer's block. Creative people are also always looking for inspiration and are heavy consumers of media like film, books, music, art."
] | [
"Nobody is \"born with the ability\" to sing. Some may develop a talent for it later on, which is as much practice, nurture and interests as it is genetics."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
My friend called me in the USA from somewhere in South America, call dropped, then played a recording of his side of the call. Why? | [
"Interesting, from what i can gather from a quick Google foo it appears that some overseas companies write recording of calls into their tos. This only allows them to record their party, hence why you only heard your friend's side of the conversation. Why you heard it in the first place? Probably a software glitch,... | [
"Well, in my case when I was involved in a battery and knocked unconscious; someone found my phone and got my dad's number out of my contacts and called him. *Edited*"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Telecommunications:"
} |
Why is Marijuana illegal in the majority of nations? | [
"The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 _URL_0_ The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime works with countries' legislatures to ensure compliance. As a result, most of the national drug statutes in the UNODC's legal library hare a high degree of conformity with the Single Convention and its supplement... | [
"Where do you mean? Europe? The US? Middle East? Africa? Eastern Asia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
From our single-cell origin, how do random and minuscule copying errors in DNA result in highly complex constructs such as sight, thought and self-awareness? | [
"luck. nothing more, nothing less. or do you want to explain process, step by step?"
] | [
"Your body doesn't write to your genetic code. Your genetic code creates your body. Your genes are essentially the blueprints inside the original cell created by a combination of your mother's egg and father's sperm that guided that cell on how divide over and over again, and how to form organs and stuff."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is Eric Cantor's defeat such a big deal? | [
"Eric Cantor is the Majority Leader of the US House of Representatives. This makes him one of the most powerful and prominent Republicans in the Federal government. Typically, Republicans in his district would be pleased with their representative having so much political power that they would continue to nominate h... | [
"He was invited, though, by Speaker of the House, Boehner. The fact that this was done entirely without informing the White House is part of the reason why the Democrats are so up in arms over it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does Google know how fast traffic is going live on every street all over the country? | [
"This is what you get when you don't read all the service agreements and boilerplate text when you sign up for stuff. Unless you specifically say no, your phone is sending data back to Google or your phone manufacturer; where you are, how fast you're travelling. It uses this data in real time to update map data; i... | [
"The bus needs to get the WiFi from somewhere. That somewhere is basically a cell phone and reception is bad in a lot of areas. What little comes through is shared by twenty passengers who want to watch porn at the same time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are we attracted to symmetry so much? | [
"Probably because most living creatures are more or less symmetrical, bilaterally(line down the middle) or radially (like a starfish). Creatures that are not symmetrical overall are aberrant, and could be threatening. Here's the wiki on [symmetry](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If clogged pores are holding dirt & oil in your face, then how come squeezing them is bad & not beneficial ? | [
"Well, it's not that it's bad and not beneficial, there are actually tools that help you remove blackheads and whiteheads. The harm is in either compulsively picking, and also when you use your fingers you damage the tissue around the clogged pore."
] | [
"Facewash does not contain soap, which is the point. First off, soap has a pH-level way above your skin, which screws up the balance and can make bacterial growth increase and in turn cause acne. It also contains a fair range of thickeners which clog pores, also leading to acne. Lastly soap will get rid of so much ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Science:"
} |
Organization of the U.S. military. The difference military branches and how they work together, their differences, etc. | [
"Call us the chair force all you want but I could've destroyed entire countries while eating my tater tots as a AF missileer. And yes, tater tots are the food of choice by all launch officers."
] | [
"The really oversimplified answer is that the Marines hold combat operations with aircraft, watercraft, and land vehicles. While the Army mainly focuses on tanks, infantry, and helicopters. Broader than that, the two branches have a completely different history which mostly differs in that the Marines started as so... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
how did the Perseid Meteor shower not hit the International Space Station? | [
"The ISS is about the size of a football field. Compare that with the size of the Earth. The chances of something hitting it directly is similar to the chance something dropped from space will randomly land in a specific football field. Most of the Perseids are about the size of a grain of sand, with a few as big ... | [
"This whole thing was very much news to me and i had no idea it was even happening. How did they track the comet and know where it was going to be?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
From a seven year old: "Why do people exist?" | [
"If we didn't, there would be no one to ask the question."
] | [
"Tough question, might as well ask: What is love?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Science:"
} |
If I ate a dry packet of instant oatmeal and drank a half cup of water, would it be as filling as cooking the oatmeal normally? | [
"Oats expand as they're cooked in liquid. If you eat cooked oatmeal, a cup will have 166 calories, about 6 grams of protein, not quite 4 grams of fat and 28 grams of carbohydrates. This includes 4 grams of fiber, or 16 percent of the daily value. Eat a cup of uncooked oats, however, and you'll be getting 307 calori... | [
"It's common to add more salt and sugar (often in the form of corn syrup) to make up for the the lost fat. Try it out sometime with a \"bland\" food such as plain oatmeal. Make a bowl like you normally would, adding cream or butter to finish it off. Tasty! Now, do the same thing without adding any fat. Blech, libra... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why did slave owners/ traders feel it was necessary to convert slaves to Christianity? If slaves were considered nothing more than property why was their salvation important? | [
"* they wanted to prevent them practicing their native religions, which they considered devil worship * there are benefits to having slaves believe in a religion that condones slavery * there are passages in the Bible that were taken to mean that blacks were specifically supposed to be slaves * religion in general ... | [
"The Christian bible has no problem with slavery, and has detailed rules about how the Jew were to handle slaves, how badly you could beat them, how much you should sell you daughter for, that kind of thing. The Egyptians weren't punished for having slaves, they were punished for not letting them go when commanded ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do babies heal so fast? If they get a scab or cut, it is gone by the next day, but sometimes it takes months for me to experience the same result? | [
"Babies grow *really* fast. That's really all there is to it. Wound healing and growth are both powered by division of cells, and since babies grow so fast their wounds heal more quickly too."
] | [
"When skin is broken, specific cells in the blood rush to the area and create a scab. The scab is protecting your open cut while your body repairs your skin, snd your body absorbs the scab slowly. If you pick the scab, bacteria can get into the cut, or the skin will not heal properly and cause a scar. I am in no wa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health and Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When you freeze something, does it's shelf life remain the same after you defrost it? | [
"The short answer is no, freezing tends to damage foods a little. This damage breaks the food down slightly allowing it to spoil faster. However, you can keep food frozen for a long time, and just take it out when you are ready to use it. That being said, I'd still use the thawed-out bread past the 'shelf life' unt... | [
"It doesn't, it stays edible. Once it's frozen it's no longer \"fresh\". To answer the question of why does food stay edible for longer when frozen, because bacteria have a harder time growing in sub-zero environments."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do DJs, mash-up artists, and the like manage to get sample vocals from songs? | [
"A few ways 1. Get a vocals only track from the artist or music publisher. But that only happens if you go through official channels. 2. Get an instrumental version of the song, create an inversion of the track, use that to cancel out the instrumentals from the full song, so you're only left with vocals. Like show ... | [
"It's only stealing if you don't pay for it. When you take a beat or section of a song that was created by another artist, you are obligated to pay them royalties unless the source material is released under the Creative Commons license. This is why many artists in the past sampled little sections of songs (be it b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about music:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about music:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about music:"
} |
How does PayPal benefit from giving 1% cashback on their debit card? | [
"_URL_0_ Paypal charges the seller 2.9% on sales. So giving you 1% cashback is losing a chunk of profit, but still making money for Paypal. Plus, it looks good to you; hey, I'm getting money back! Credit card companies do the same thing. All those benefits being offered to users generally total to less than what th... | [
"How Does Venmo Make Money? As a free-to-use platform, Venmo generates revenue through transaction fees. While most free-to-use mobile apps turn to advertisements for revenue purposes, Venmo has managed to avoid this path. Many of Venmo’s services do not incur transaction fees, including transferring funds between ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why cant we fly fighter jets in space and travel far out quickly and back. | [
"Fighter jets are air breathing. There is no air in space. For the same reason, there's no sonic boom in space either."
] | [
"We dont know yet. Also we wont ever land on venus (okay I wont say never) because the pressure and acid would destroy anything we landed there. Mars though would still require way more force than the moon to get off of. Essentially we just have to land a much much bigger version of a moon lander, perhaps with mult... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
American Redditors, how does insuring a car work in the states? | [
"> -age of driver -the amount of years you have been driving -no claims bonus (amount of years driving without an accident claim) -whether they the driver has a full licence or a provisional (learning) license It's pretty much the same thing here, what differences are you talking about?"
] | [
"Can someone please just eli5? I don't understand any of this. What does this mean for me? A citizen of the United states."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What techniques do crisis teams use to prevent potential suicides? | [
"Last time I called a suicide hotline the woman didn't even talk, stuff like 'yeah that sounds pretty rough', not very helpful."
] | [
"It happens all the time during critical incidents. Usually the goal is to keep media aircraft back so they do not interfere with law enforcement operations."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the alphabet ordered the way it is? What's the reasoning behind the sequence? | [
"I don't know the reason for the order, but I do have very [cool table.](_URL_0_) Look at I,J and U,V,W. They used to be one single letter and this is also the reason why they are packed together. The reason for the order of the other letters is probably pretty subjective. They had 22 characters and wanted them in ... | [
"It's all completely made up. That's as simple as it gets. When we talk about translating between languages it's really just looking at the same thing (like a tree) and finding out what word Chinese people made for it, etc. By the way, your name was completely made up too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How is Kepler using "solar radiation pressure" to stabilize it's self? | [
"Light has pressure. A solar panel array, besides absorbing light to generate electricity, will also absorb momentum. It is not much. But if the array is in the sun 24/7 for months then the thrust is continuous. It will build up. If it were a mirror array then the momentum imparted would be twice simple absorption ... | [
"The satellites presumably have a small amount of fuel on board. It doesn't take much fuel to tweak your orbit a bit to get the satellites all following the same orbit but spaced out around the orbit. Just dumping a satellite out into space is a great way to quickly lose the satellite. The real world isn't as clea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the process of supplying more cellular data to a customer on the provider's side? To companies like AT & T and Verizon have an unlimited supply of data to give? | [
"There are a lot of good analogies in here, but all of them fail to mention that on the *wireless* side, there are limits. The wireless carriers buy wireless spectrum and the technology in use can only provide so much bandwidth to so many users on that spectrum. If more people want to use their cell phones than the... | [
"The system is designed to allow you to do it. Service providers have an agreement for anyone to use their network for emergency calls."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Weird moon in the sky? | [
"That is a phenomenon called earthshine, it's caused by light reflecting off the earth onto the moon"
] | [
"Crashing in the ocean > crashing in populated areas."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How come dumpsters always seem to have the same smell even though they all have different combinations of trash in them? | [
"usualy the smell isnt the actual trash its the fungus and bacteria feasting on the remains... kinda like how most dead things smell roughly the same given the same temperature and climate. the more pungent smells that smells roughly the same is the gases released from the organisms breaking down the different item... | [
"The majority of decompasable material gets buried in the landfill before it has a chance to decompose much. Dig through the dump enough, you'll find years-old banana peels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What are the chances you would get in trouble if an armed robber entered you're house as you sleep, and ended up getting killed by a booby trap you set up? | [
"Excellent. Booby traps are illegal everywhere in the US. You would very likely be charged with murder."
] | [
"The frequency in which is happens is highly overstated, and even when a lawsuit is successful, it is usually overturned on appeal. Criminals actually seeing a dime from a lawsuit like this is very rare. I can think of two situations where the criminal might have a case: * A non-criminal could have hurt in the same... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are there crushed stones alongside rail tracks ? what is there use and what will happen if they are not there ? | [
"The crushed stones are called track ballast on which the sleepers (ties) are laid. The sleepers bear a lot of weight, the ballast helps them bear the weight. They also allow water to drain through and also prevents creepers and weeds from growing on the ground beneath the tracks. They hold the ties in place which ... | [
"They divert the flow of the river during construction then redirect it back to the dam once it's finished."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does turning the volume up or down on speakers actually work? | [
"It depends on how complex the circuit is, but in a simple setup the knob is attached to an electrical device called a [potentiometer](_URL_0_) which is basically a resistor that changes resistance as you turn it. When there is more resistance in the circuit, the volume of the speakers is lower."
] | [
"I think the real reason is so that you can't turn the brightness down so low that you can't see the screen to turn it back up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is there all this controversy about the drugs used for executions when something as basic as a morphine overdose can cause painless death? | [
"Because overdoses rarely cause peaceful deaths. For example, morphine causes death by suppressing your ability to breathe, if you were conscious you'd be fully aware of suffocating to death and react appropriately. That's why drugs used for executions tend to be ones that will render you unconscious first (or they... | [
"I think you're missing the point. Any one can kill themselves any number of ways. The only limit to the number of ways you can off yourself is your imagination. What is up for debate here is whether a person has the right to kill themselves by being assisted by a physician. A physician can give a cocktail of drugs... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
When my dog gets into something that makes him sick, does he realize what made him sick, as it would for a human? If not, do they have any mechanism to learning what type of things are bad for them? | [
"dogs are much much worse at realizing correlation over time. They're just not super smart, so if they eat something and get sick 5 hours later how are they supposed to know what caused it? If a dog eats something, and immediately gets sick, it knows not to eat that anymore."
] | [
"I saw an article once that suggested this is an evolutionary response. Imagine life in prehistoric times, or maybe going as far back as the common ancestor between apes and men. Nobody knows which plants are poisonous and which ones are safe to eat. A bunch of us are sitting around eating and someone gets violentl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what is the metric system and what is the imperial system? what are the differences? compare/contrast. thanks | [
"You can find a lot of details of both on wikipedia. It depends a little on what you're measuring. Super basics: Imperial measurements are in Base 12 at smaller distances, and get somewhat arbitrary (seeming) as they are larger. Temps are based on the human body. 100 being a tiny bit above normal body temp, and 0 ... | [
"Because talking about 0.005 kilograms of something is much harder to read than talking about 5 grams. The two numbers are equivalent and you can use either of them depending on your need. The SI unit doesn't mean that all measurements must be in that exact unit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are eyelids swollen after waking up from crying the night before, and why it affects individuals differently? | [
"Ok im gonna try to explain this the best way possible. Your tears are made of water, mucin, lipids, lysozyme, lactoferrin, lipocalin, lacritin, immunoglobulins, glucose, urea, sodium, and potassium. The effect of the potassium are long term (thats why you can tell kids have been crying) so it will usually make you... | [
"There are blood vessels under your eyes and lack of sleep makes them to dilate to get more blood to your eyeholes which makes them darker. Then it can appear puffy for similar reasons as well as muscle fatigue. I should add that tiredness isn't the only reason you can get bags under your eyes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Ethics and morals - what's the difference? | [
"One talks about the other. Morals are the rules you follow to do good instead of bad things. Ethics philosphizes about wich morals you should follow. IE: a moral is \"Don't kill it's bad M'kay?\" Ethics says: \"Killing is bad because you're harming someone, causing grief and pain etc.\""
] | [
"Cultural and personal values. It's not actually important from the perspective of the universe. The universe couldn't care less about human freedom haha."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If the US Post Office is funded by the government, why do they charge us to ship something from them? | [
"The Post Office is a government agency only in the sense that the government owns it and it's protected against failure because it's a critical service that we can't afford to let fail (or at least has been historically if not now), but in most respects it is run like a private company. The US Government pays for... | [
"It has to do with the cost of running the postal service. It costs a ridiculous amount to deliver all that mail and the amount of money they can save by cutting one day a week is tremendous. If I remember correctly at one point there was talk about adding another *no-mail-day* on top of Sunday to reduce the cost ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
In WWII, why did the Americans use inferior Sherman tanks? | [
"Because those tanks were the best that they had available."
] | [
"The Dieppe Raid during WW2 was a total failure. It was a raid (possibly not even authorised) on the German occupied port at Dieppe. Thousands of mostly Canadian troops were killed to barely any Germans. Pretty much all the equipment the Allies landed with was lost. I've heard that the Germans joked that the entire... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If a country somehow launched a nuke at the moon for whatever reason, is it a crime and would any other country do anything about it? | [
"it would be a breach of several treaties. nuclear ordinance are no allowed in space. everyone would be pissed"
] | [
"I'm sure in the possibility of an extinction event, it'd be in every country's interest to stop it. The UN covers a lot, and may have jurisdiction over this, or they might form some one off committee to bond even hostile countries to formulate a plan. But really, all you can hope to do is throw a big bomb at it a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do cats feel like they're entitled to everything? | [
"They don't. Cats don't have the capacity for the emotion of entitlement. We project that concept onto them. Partially because cats are nowhere near as facially expressive as humans or dogs. Cats generally don't look 'happy' or 'sad', they just....always have the same facial expression. Humans associate a stoic fac... | [
"Why do you stare at your dog when it's taking a shit?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Animal behavior:"
} |
What does the close button on the elevator even do? | [
"Several uses: 1) It gives the people something to do, this keeps them less angry. 2) When the elevator is in \"manual\" mode (or \"firefighter\" mode) it does what the buttons command. The open button only opens the door as long as it is held in and the close button closes when it is held it. Like the window contr... | [
"How would you know which button was the bottom button if they didn't put one on?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's the purpose of Eliminating the EPA? | [
"This is political; there will some bias in my answer. I'll keep it to a minimum. The people who are trying to eliminate the EPA feel as though government regulation is strangling business. They feel as though eliminating the EPA will allow businesses to engage in cost-cutting, profit-creating measures. Others feel... | [
"Only if the federal government let it. See: American Civil War"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is a space station similar to Elysium even possible? | [
"While theoretically possible, it would take basically all of our resources and only the wealthy could live there (hey, just like the movie!). There are lots of engineering and physics ideas in the past about this, see the Wikipedia 'space habitat' article. Having it smaller in size would help because it would requ... | [
"It would be much like those on the ISS. It would be an airtight set of buildings with pressurized suits for working outside them. There are some that like to play with the concept of terraforming the planet to make it livable without such things. But we have nowhere near the technology to accomplish such a thing a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does the number '256' seem so significant in video games? | [
"Because binary. In 8-bit (like pac man) the most values those bits can hold is 256 (0-255). Check this link for a better explanation. _URL_0_"
] | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about finance:"
} |
Why are AAA games increasingly removing local multiplayer (split screen) game types? | [
"Along with the answer about selling multiple copies, it also requires more resources out of the machine to run a split screen game. The CPU needs to process the movements and actions of twice the characters, and the GPU has to render 2 separate screens. this ups the load on hardware, and typically a hit has to tak... | [
"Between Console and PC, PC players have the advantage of being able to use the much more precise mouse input, which would lead to very lopsided skill levels for the most common games. Between consoles, Microsoft forces developers to host online games on first-party servers which you can't access from other console... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why cold water is not evaporating when it is poured into a hot pan? | [
"the pan evaporates a small amount of water , creating an air cushion between the pan and the cold water. the cushion eventually goes away, and more water evaporates, creating another cushion. you can see the smaller droplets eventually disappear in the video. the larger bubble of water simply traps more air and th... | [
"The food is placed in some kind of container, which in turn is placed in a bowl of water. The egg gets burned, and the heat is absorbed by the water inside the bowl. From the difference in temperature of the water you can calculate the energy / calories of the food in question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why does ice freeze hard but ice cream freeze soft? | [
"If you let ice cream melt and refreeze you'll find that it gets very hard. Ice cream is soft because it's frozen foam. Ice cream is churned as it is frozen, and the churning whips the liquid into a foam that has a soft texture when frozen."
] | [
"The icecream gives all of the trapped CO2 a reason to come out of suspension and form bubbles. It's called \"nucleation\" and it makes stuff like rootbeer floats difficult. Try putting the icecream into the soda rather than pour soda over icecream."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does it make sense for companies to make you send in rebates for often small amounts? | [
"Advertising the rebate is a kind of sale, many people will get the product that otherwise would not because of said sale. But a large percentage of these people will forget to send in the rebate and so do not actually benefit from the sale. This really does give them enough profit to cover the handling of the reba... | [
"Nobody wants to pay for it, and especially not companies making cheaper or just plain inferior products."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The "V" shape is a popular configuration for 6 and 8 cyl engines, but not for 4cyl engines. How come? | [
"Inline engines are easier and cheaper to produce than V engines. But, larger inline engines such as 6's and 8' are too relatively large, so manufacturers opt for a V engine to save space. An inline 4 can easily fit in most automobile engine compartments, so they opt for the cheaper to produce inline 4 over a more ... | [
"they would be inherently unbalanced, in the majority of engine designs a lot of the vibration from the pistons moving up and down is directly canceled out by another piston. In 3 and 5 cylinder engines there is one piston that isn't being canceled out, to solve this problem they add a balance shaft which is a bar ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's the difference between a "Boy Band" and other bands that consist of all males? | [
"A 'boy band' is a constructed musical group where the members are chosen primarily for their attractiveness to teenage girls. None of the bands you mention is a 'boy band'. However, the Beatles are the *prototype* for boy bands. While not themselves a boy band, boy bands are constructed with the idea of exploiting... | [
"Their songs are repetitive and formulaic, in terms of lyrics and instruments. So basically, they're the Justin Bieber of rock. Also, their songs usually have country vocals, which is unpopular in today's society."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Does "catching up" on our sleep actually do anything to help us? | [
"So this is called your 'Sleep Debt' and you can't catch up with it all at once. So sleeping all day won't 'pay it back' but slowly adding more sleep, like an extra 15 min to 1 hour will."
] | [
"A lot of time passes in your sleep while you are unaware. That gives your body a while to repair, and you see the progress all at once."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How does the human circulatory system maintain effective and efficient productivity while in space and under vastly contrasting gravity conditions relative to the astronaut's planet of origin; Earth. | [
"Poorly. Typically we experience gravity pulling down on our blood, meaning the muscles of our legs act to push blood back up into our torso and there are valves which usually prevent back flow. In space people tend to have higher than normal blood pressure in their upper body and this is feared to result in issues... | [
"Bone and muscle degradation. This already happens to astronauts on the ISS but the effects would be less severe on Mars since it does have a gravitational field, unlike orbital stations which are a 0g environment. For practical and ethical reasons there isn't much experimental data on long-term effects of a non-s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why can't we regrow teeth like a shark? After we lose our baby teeth and grow in our permanent teeth; how come we can't regrow a new tooth or set if we get one knocked out??? | [
"We simply didn't evolve like that. Our body is only programmed to have two sets of teeth. Sharks basically have teeth that continually grow out of their gums while human teeth grow out of the bones in our jaw."
] | [
"Because in a lot of ways, like the appendix, we don't really need them anymore but they're still there. And for a lot of people, there also really isn't enough room in the mouth for them. That's why they usually don't erupt until people are close to 21, which is around the time that the bones stop growing and the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do my eyes get all bloodshot when my allergies flair up? | [
"Causes the activation of allergenic mediated mast cells which subsequently release histamine into the body, which THEN causes vasodialiation or expansion of the blood vessels, causing a perceivable \"redness\" in the eyes and elsewhere"
] | [
"You're sneezing because something is irritating your nasal passages, not the other way around."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
- School Funding in America. | [
"Schools are funded based on property taxes paid in that school's district. The higher the property values, the more taxes paid into the system, the more money the schools get. Schools also receive government money based on the number of students enrolled at the beginning of the year. Ta-da!"
] | [
"The Art of War in the Western World - Archer Jones"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Education:"
} |
A bankrupt local landmark "wrote down" $40 million in bonds to $100k, why do bondholders allow this? | [
"Because either they accept 1/400th or they get nothing, and generally nothing is worse. They aren't happy about it though. Any organization that did something like this would not be selling bonds at low interest rates in the future, it's why greek bonds cost greece FAR more now in interest, because it's more risky... | [
"Everybody thinks they'll be the one to make a quick buck and leave someone else holding the bag. You could just as well ask how people thought giving huge loans to the unemployed and paying $500,000 for a house that was worth $75,000 12 months ago were good ideas in 2008."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why are some people are consumed by emotions while other people don't even seem to have any at all | [
"Social conditioning is the primary factor in displaying emotions. There are some mental disorders that can limit the emotions you feel, or make them overwhelming but most do not suffer from these and simply fall into the natural variance of how they feel emotions."
] | [
"I've never felt good to be angry, because the only times I get angry is the time when I get frustrated or don't have control over a situation and I don't feel good when that happens. But I don't know about other people."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do shadows blur around the edges? | [
"If the light source isn't an infinitesimal point, then around the edges of the shadow are spots where only *part* of the light source is visible. For example, the sun appears about half a degree wide from earth, so a shadow from the sun cast 10 feet will have a blurry area about 1 inch wide between the totally sha... | [
"Light from the sun reflects back slightly better from the grass when looking almost directly opposite the sun. That direction of course is going to be right next to the shadow cast by the drone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the difference between coke zero, diet coke and the new coke zero sugar | [
"Coca-Cola is trying hard to make a diet drink that matches the taste of the regular Coke. Diet Coke was their first attempt in the 1980s. It was noticeably different than regular Coke. They later tried to make regular Coke taste like Diet Coke, which was a [total disaster](_URL_0_) for them. Coke Zero is a more r... | [
"It's not that exact, it's an average. They are able to be off a few calories either direction. Pepsi One is basically a differently flavored diet pepsi, or pepsi max."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do shows end up on illegal websites hours after first airing on TV? | [
"Record the show, upload it to the website. Am I missing something here?"
] | [
"Sometimes the rights haven't been sold or the author hasn't allowed their book to be made in electronic form yet. It happens with TV shows as well on streaming services such as Netflix."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How did we arrive at the common structure for today's popular music? (e.g. Verse, chorus, verse chorus, bridge, chorus) | [
"hopefully someone else can give a better answer, but a large of part of pop music in the US (assuming you live here) is based off Americana music like swing, blues, country and jazz. Verse-Chorus-Verse-Chorus-Bridge-Chorus is pretty much how blues songs go, and in the 50s when pop and rock were the same thing, blu... | [
"No. The seven notes are the \"central home base,\" but the composer isn't confined to just those notes. You can use chords from other keys, in modern music, using the 'flat 7' chord is common. (Song is in C Major, but a Bb Major chord is also used.) What Beethoven did and other composers do is modulate keys. Aka, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do some people believe ADHD doesn't exist? | [
"A big part of it is overdiagnosis. But it's an issue with all mental health problems, a lot of people just can't understand that mental health disorders are very real problems even though it's an \"invisible\" illness. As someone else mentioned, it's also a problem when people use ADHD as a descriptor outside of i... | [
"We don't understand the cause, and until we do we can't speak of a cure."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does the use of cocaine cause necrosis? | [
"You are talking about cocaine induced midline destructive lesion. It's not fully understood, but it seems that cocaine causes your immune system to attack your own body. _URL_1_ Also, 70% of the cocaine in the US is contaminated with levamisole, which causes inflammation of the blood vessels and skin necrosis. Bu... | [
"It can cause seizures, convulsions and neurotoxicity which can lead to choking, heart attack and hypoxia related brain death."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happened to the H1N1 virus? | [
"Influenza viruses tend to come and go in waves during flu season. The H1N1 strain mostly died out after the 2009 pandemic, although since then there have been several small outbreak in other countries."
] | [
"And to hijack this in a related way, what were the alternatives to \"America.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why are some youtube videos not allowed to be viewed on mobiles? | [
"Because the owner of the video does not get paid for mobile views, so, most of them choose to forbid mobile viewing."
] | [
"YouTube is not a charity, they exist to show you ads, that's their only reason. They cannot show ads if you just play sound. Now, they could play audio ads then, but you would not like that, would you? However, sites that let you download YouTube videos usually have the option of getting just the soundtrack. I wou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
The top post on Reddit | [
"Everybody upvoted to see the hit marker and just didn't take it off"
] | [
"The Buffet pledge takes place after they pass on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can someone explain why you sometimes break out in sweat before you have explosive diarrhea? | [
"It's due to a vasovagal response. The Vagus nerve can be stimulated during a bowel movement when you strain. Bearing down can cause the veins in the legs to dilate causing a sudden drop in blood pressure triggering your vagus nerve. Severe attacks can cause fainting. Unless you faint, vasovagal responses or attack... | [
"Pretty sure it’s the other way around...You get dehydrated from having diarrhea. That’s why people die from cholera."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
EL5 - Why Megaupload was seized? | [
"They were stupid. Allegedly, they knew they had copyrighted material that was being shared with their service. The important part of this is that if they knew about it, but didn't take all of the required actions when notified of it, they no longer qualified for the \"safe harbor\" provision which prevents compani... | [
"Egypt: Arab Spring Break! Lybia: Wooo, Arab Spring Break! Syria: Arab Spring Br- Assad: No. Isis: Yes! Russia: No! Turkey: Yes! USA: ...maybe?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does being overweight seem to increase your chances of getting just about every single disease? | [
"Another way to think about this is the extra weight an obese person carries around is actually a symptom of ill health (e.g., chronic inflammation from poor diet, bad genes, infection, etc). So whatever is causing the weight gain is also predisposing the individual to other diseases. There's been some recent resea... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why I shouldn't feel bad about causality. | [
"Because you can. You'll have plenty of time to not exist, enjoy existing for awhile."
] | [
"Now I wonder if I'm doing this wrong... am I supposed to be getting excited when I poo?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
First Fundamental Theorem of Calculus | [
"Derivative and integral are inverses; that means that the derivative of an integral is the original function. Why do you think that couldn't be true?"
] | [
"A Visual, Intuitive Guide to Imaginary Numbers: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why, after 113 years, has nobody made another everlasting lightbulb like the one at the fire department in California? | [
"Three reasons to start with. That bulb was a fluke. You can make a bulb like that pretty easy, just by using a thicker, more durable filament, but that puts out more heat and less light and is very energy inefficient, and why would a manufacturer produce a thing they can only sell once?"
] | [
"How about through that opening on the side of your head?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does a chicken have to extend its head out to walk with each step? | [
"Humans have [eye stabilization](_URL_0_); you can look at something and keep it in your visual focus even if you move your head around - your eye muscles keep your eyes fixed on a target, compensating for the movement of your head. Birds don't have that, their eyes are mostly fixed, and they have to keep their hea... | [
"Because if they walk in a straight way, their back and front paws hit each other when they are walking but if they walk at an angle they don't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the choking on brushing/cleaning my tongue seem to be worse at the morning? | [
"By the morning it has been a few hours since something was down your throat."
] | [
"Nothing is touching the back of your throat or tongue so there is nothing to trigger it. Why do you think sound would trigger it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If I have take in less caffeine, will it last the same amount of time but make me feel less as energetic or will it make me feel just as energetic for a shorter amount of time? | [
"Consuming a smaller dose of caffeine will both make you feel less energetic and decrease the caffeine's effective duration. The amount of caffeine in the body (and effect of the caffeine) is measured in half-lives, meaning the amount of time it takes for your body to metabolize or remove half of the remaining chem... | [
"As far as we can tell there is no long term changes done by consuming caffeine. The changes we see is mostly related to the body adapting to the caffeine by getting more tired on a normal bases. Think of it as producing anti-caffeine to negate the effects. So people who are addicted to caffeine needs caffeine to s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does my space heater dry out the air? Where do the water molecules go? | [
"You understand that warm air can hold more water vapor than cold air, right? So if you warm up the air, the amount of 'space' for water increases, and so your skin and mucus membranes lose more water to the air as it seeks equilibrium."
] | [
"Even though you can't see it, there are tiny tiny holes in the balloon that allow the air to escape over time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are elderly people more likely to fall for scams? ("You've won the lottery of monaco, congrats!" Etc.) | [
"A couple of factors. Elderly people often come from times where scams like this weren't as popular. There were still scams then, as all history, but in vastly different ways that didn't utilize modern technology. My 85 year old grandma used to think she had to connect to AOL before opening a Word document, so what... | [
"If the answer is no I won't cry ;_;"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I've heard of MRI techniques to identify if a person is telling the truth - with 99.9% accuracy. How do these work? And why aren't they mandatory for serious/violent offenses? | [
"[Even the company that makes them only thinks they're about 90% accurate right now.](_URL_0_) Polygraphs have always had admissibility problems in court. It's going to take much more than 90% confidence to adopt them -- if you can get past the possible 5th Amendment issues they bring up."
] | [
"Well, there are a bunch of things that are known as \"truth serum.\" Sodium Pentathol and Amobarbital are probably the most widely used ones, but there are many others. The thing about truth serums, Timmy, is that they're not like what you see on TV. Truth serums don't actually \"make\" you tell the truth. Some ca... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Is it true that smoke from incense and candles is more harmful than cigarette smoke? | [
"The health effects of smoke from incense and candles is still being studied, ranging from some studies saying they post no threat to others saying they pose a significant health hazard. Here's a snopes summary with a number of references an quotes: _URL_0_"
] | [
"The smoke that comes off the tip burns at a lower temperature. Because it burns at a lower temperature, More toxins are released. This is why second hand smoke is worse than first hand smoke."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How and why birds move their heads in perfectly smooth and almost mechanical motions. | [
"Birds have very precise muscles in their necks because they cannot move their eyes like we do when we want to look at different things in our field of view. They would have to move their necks to point their head and eyes at something else. Their heads have [extremely smooth stabilized movement](_URL_0_) because t... | [
"The unpredictable movement makes it harder for a predator to predict the squirrel's path. It may also be the case that the squirrel's visual system isn't able to detect threats as well when it's in motion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What is the Three Body Problem in physics and what is it’s significance? | [
"A good illustration of the 3 body problem is how the moon rotates around the earth, and the earth rotates around the sun, where the moon is gravitationally impacted by both bodies. Another example might be two stars that rotate around each other, with a planet in the solar system. Some solutions are fairly stable,... | [
"No need to an ELI5 because there is no answer to this question. Science has plenty of hypothesis, but there is no answer yet. One of the great remaining mysteries in medicine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If black is the color that absorbs the most energy, why green is used by nature? | [
"Because photosynthesis isn't just about absorbing energy, it's about *harnessing* it, and for that black pigment would actually do more harm than good. The various proteins and enzymes involved in photosynthesis are very fragile, and can only handle so much energy at once. Black pigment would result in too much a... | [
"Yellow sun glasses absorb all the non yellow colors and let's the yellow reflect and pass through the glasses; therefore we see them as yellow. It is the only color to make it to our eyes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Do cats purr on purpose? | [
"I read somewhere that cats purr 24/7 but there are cases wherein they are purring louder than the usual. Its like when they are satisfied with the current situation or happy."
] | [
"How do you know that you don't sneeze in your sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
how much of an effect will the religious freedom act in Indiana actually have on people's lives? | [
"I think it will have a negligible impact on the short term daily lives of Hoosiers because for every shop that uses this law to discriminate there will be plenty of others that will be more than willing to serve everybody. Where I see a huge impact will be long term. Companies will reconsider relocating here, some... | [
"A number of other states also have this type of law. Examples given are to protect rights of Amish to drive buggies on main roads (I guess below the minimum speed) and for Inuit to hunt moose in AK for funeral rituals. Nothing wrong with the law per se. In IN case, it was signed specifically so that small business... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does gas gets build up on your intestines? | [
"It's produced inside you, largely through digestive processes by microorganisms in your digestive tract. Basically, you've got a fermentation vat in your guts."
] | [
"The alcohol's been absorbed by the time it hits the large intestine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Microbiology:"
} |
Why are there still so many homosexuals if the majority of homosexuals don't reproduce to pass on their genes? Shouldn't natural selection and evolution be curbing this from happening? (Note: I am in no way criticizing homosexuality or evolution, as I am a firm believer and supporter of both) | [
"Natural selection selects in favour for homosexuality if one homosexual sibling makes the other siblings fitter. Natural selection selects in favour for homosexuality if the dangers of a larger population are higher than its benefits. For more complex animals that are more on top of a food chain quality of offspri... | [
"Hi, I'm from a highly religious Hindu family. I don't have any problems with homosexuality, and neither do any of my family members. Same with Buddhists. They don't care. Neither do Vedics, or Sikhs. What you're probably referring to are Christians, Muslims, Jews, and maybe some other offshoots of the Abrahamic re... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do Chess sites detect cheaters? | [
"Most cant do it well. Its hard to tell between a computer player and a human player, humans react more to the momentum of a position than computers do. Still, high level players are not going to be easy to tell from computers."
] | [
"Related question: What if I want to become a mercenary? What do I do?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do really, really old (like medieval, renaissance, etc. time period) pictures/sculptures show that the men had really small penises, even though they were adults? (Possibly-NSFW) | [
"They were copying the style of Classical Greek sculptors. The Greeks considered large genitals to be unsightly, and so they tended to sculpt small ones."
] | [
"Really all you have to do is look at societies that are still in the preindustrial stage such as tribes in south america etc. They have just as wide a range of breast sizes as we do so no we haven't recently evolved large breasts. I think large breasts as something to aspire to with surgery is very new just like b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Art and History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Art and History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do Canadians call the last letter in the alphabet "zed" while americans call it "zee"? | [
"Canadians call it zed because the English call it zed, and the English call it zed because in Old French it's zede, from the Greet zeta. Americans were the ones who changed it to zee. Mostly just evolution over time, and then Webster made it linguistic canon by declaring it to be so."
] | [
"They're different dialects of the same language. Some words are different, and some spellings are different. For instance, an American would say \"What color are your pants?\" whereas a person from the UK would say \"What colour are your trousers?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
From what I understand, the point of the filibuster is essentially to talk a bill to death. How/why is this legal and why don't they put a time limit on how long people can talk in congress? | [
"Any governing body, from a student council to the UN has procedural rules they agree to follow. In the case of the US Senate, they have decided not to have time limits, and to require 60 votes to end debate. It is legal because the Senate gets to make its own rules, and nobody has bothered to change them."
] | [
"Because it's the job of speaker of the house to determine which bills get voted on in which order. At any given time there are a massive number of different bills in different stages of readiness, and the speaker has to figure out which ones are ready for a vote. The house does have the right to file a discharge p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is there any health incentive to using artificial sweetener? | [
"artificial sweeteners are 0 calories, so if you're trying to lose weight i guess."
] | [
"Nothing. There is no science indicating its bad for you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are cargo ships only using high-powered hoses to stop somali pirates? | [
"Biggest problem is that while there's nobody preventing you from having a gun onboard in open sea, in 99% of countries, you won't be allowed to dock with firearms onboard. Legal firearm ownership is not a given in most countries"
] | [
"It's way, way, *WAY*, too expensive. The power plant alone would probably be more expensive than the entire lifetime cost of an average bulk carrier. Not to mention the insane mess of regulation that is involved with running a nuclear reactor. Basically, big ships run on bunker fuel, and bunker fuel is ludicrously... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How come continuing to eat a spicy food keeps the spice at bay until I stop eating it? | [
"Your saliva and the movement of your mouth is keeping the capsaicin (spicy stuff) from staying anywhere for more than a second. Once you stop eating, it has a chance to stimulate your nerves and start making your mucous membranes cry."
] | [
"This has never happened to me. If I were to guess I would say that because the food is coating your tastebuds and blocks the tongue from tasting the sweet beverage as good as it did before eating."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How large corporations recover once they have been infected by ransom ware. | [
"Any corporation with a competent IT department does regular system-wide backups on a daily basis. They also have a disaster recovery plan that allows them to stand up new instances of their critical systems on short notice. And sometimes, they just pay the ransom. They routinely put thousands of dollars worth of s... | [
"You get computer viruses from another infected computer on your network, or by getting tricked into installing it yourself. Viruses are only one part of the malware family, though. There's also trojans, worms, rootkits, spyware, and adware."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What happens when a person such as myself, who's MAYBE worth $18,000 on a good day, gets sued for $10 million? | [
"Depends on what you're getting sued for. If you hit someone with your car, and you have insurance, then you're simply going to notify your insurer and they'll take it from there. You might have to provide testimony at some point in the process. Your rates will go up, but that's about the only hit you're going to t... | [
"$85,000,000,000 of $3,800,000,000,000 Take 9 zeros from both sides, it's like you've got $3800 to spend and someone steals $85, and the thief promises not to steal money for food or rent. It might inconvenience you, but it probably won't kill you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why aren't the big companies sharing their self-driving car data to achieve autonomous cars? | [
"Why would google share their technology? Everyone wants to be the first/best in the market because that is how they will make money. There is no reason google would share their technology with a competitor."
] | [
"There's no proof they'll be totally maintstream in 4 years, or even if they'll be legal for general sale. If they can prove that, as they are now, they are at least as safe as human drivers why not make them street legal? They don't need to be perfect and, of course, never will. The self-driving cars shouldn't nee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
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