query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Last year ExxonMobil made 486 billion dollars, Walmart made 443 billion, BP made 375 billion. Where the hell does this money go? Scrooge McDuck's money bin? | [
"Running their businesses. You are looking at revenues, not profits."
] | [
"$100m? Nothing. The GDP of the US is about $17 trillion. $100m is a drop in the bucket."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
the Fibonacci sequence, please. | [
"Fibonacci was an italian mathematician that realized that a sequence of numbers (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, etc.) is found extremely often in nature, a lot like [the golden ratio](_URL_0_). He originally observed the sequence in breeding patterns of rabbits, but quickly found many other instances of the sequence (flower an... | [
"_URL_0_ Top 3 comments cover into this, in short it's way beyond that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about astronomy:"
} |
Why has a part of black culture tried to reject white culture but maintained its steadfast faith in a religion that stems from that same culture? | [
"Christianity wasn't ever associated with slavery. Yes, white slave owner used it to justify slavery, but white abolitionists also used it to condemn slavery. Christianity isn't slave-owning culture, it's not white-people culture, it's American culture. The slaves were just as devout as their owners, often even mor... | [
"Well, for a long while, between the Muslim conquests and before the colonial era, Christianity was mostly just in Europe (though there were always significant Christian minorities elsewhere, notably in the Middle East). So some forms of White nationalism might be attached to European culture, and Christianity was ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
(serious) how come arm sweat smells different than taint sweat? | [
"Bacteria that live and grow and die in the sweat pores and hair follicles of those areas are different species. Lot lots of different species. Giving each area a nice and unique, but eerily similar smell. That's that smell, dead bacteria. Its perfectly normal."
] | [
"because it goes into your blood and then your prostate uses blood to make semen. it's the same reason your piss smells horrible after eating certain foods and even your sweat sometimes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are objects in my car mirror closer than they appear? What's the point of that? | [
"if your side-view mirror was a traditional flat mirror, you wouldn't be able to see very much because of its small size and distance from your eyes. Instead, a convex mirror is used, which means it is curved. This allows you to see a greater field of view, showing you more of the cars that are off to your side and... | [
"Vsauce explained this better than I ever would. Here's the link: _URL_0_ Jump to 4:30 for the answer to your question. It has to do with the angle of the reflection back to your eye of the thing you're looking at and the distance from the mirror. They use pictures though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do electrical companies want you to conserve energy? | [
"1. the electrical company makes much of it's money selling you access to electricity and only some in charging for actual electricity. For example, I generate more power than I use with my solar panels, but...i'm still on the grid and I pay for that every month. That fee that both you and I pay is a profitable por... | [
"You use more, so you have to buy more. Simple trick to make more money by telling people to use more than you actually need to."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do we see differences in intelligence within species of animals as large as those seen in humans? | [
"I'm not sure how many studies have been conducted, but simple answer is yes. There are smart and dumb animals of the same species, breed, etc. I have known two dogs of the same breed, raised in the same house and one is as dumb as a brick, the other figured out that if he wanted to jump the electric fence, the ins... | [
"There is greater genetic difference between two individuals than there are between the \"races\", the concept of race is fundamentally superficial genetically speaking, in fact humans are one of the most homogeneous species known to exist For two animals to be considered different species, they must not be able to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The purpose of the turbines you see in the top areas of road tunnels | [
"It's likely an exhaust or intake for ventilation. Road tunnels are full of cars that give off toxic fumes, this can prevent build ups. But without knowing specifically what you're talking about that's my best answer."
] | [
"could be the the road shoulder, could be drainage culverts and piping, or even just taking samples to survey future projects"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Difference between Photographic and Eidetic memory or is it the same thing? | [
"Same thing, and *extremely* rare. 'Eidetic Memory' is the formal term for 'photographic memory'."
] | [
"Knowing how something works and being able to recreate it are not the same thing. See: Leonardo da Vinci."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why everyone loves The Beatles so much...? | [
"One night when I was eight years old, my parents couldn't find a babysitter on short notice, so I was home alone. Excited, I took out my parents' Beatles albums and danced for 3 hours. That's the last time I can remember dancing and enjoying it[.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Question 1: Am I a celebrity? * Yes: Move onto question 2 * No: Who gives a shit about you? Question 2: Do I like to look terrific in photographs? * Yes: Move onto question 3 * No: Use your iPhone for nude selfies Question 3: Do I mind being raped? * Yes: Call Annie Leibovitz * No: Terry's your man!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are movie ticket sales numbers done in dollars, while virtually everything else is done in number of units sold? | [
"Because it's in relation to the budget of the film. Number of tickets sold is meaningless, 200 million dollars gross versus 50 million budget is a big deal. Other products don't have their budget publicized often, and their success is not as directly related to it."
] | [
"The CPI is a way to measure the changes in price of the products an average family buys. First economists determine what sort of products the average family buys. These products are then sorted into sub-categories, and each category is weighted. The higher the weight, the more important those particular products a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do people care about karma? What's the point in being a karma whore? | [
"Because everyone craves validation. Some people get it from the friends, some people get it from their parents, others get it from Facebook likes, some get it from themselves, and some get it from imaginary Internet points."
] | [
"Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama around 500 B.C. It is an offshoot of Hinduism. There are \"four noble truths\", summed up as: 1. Life sucks. 2. It sucks because of worldly things. 3. You can become detached to worldly things. 4. If you become detached you become enlightened (equivalent to Judeo-Christia... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are presidents who are giving speeches not afraid of getting assassinated? | [
"They are afraid. So they do it in front of 4 inch thick bullet proof glass at things like the inauguration: _URL_0_ You just can't see it because of camera angles or the cameras are within the glass barrier."
] | [
"They are used to your shit and aren't worried about being attacked."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How did humanity assign words to things? For example, why was the brain called 'brain' and not some other word? | [
"It's all completely made up. That's as simple as it gets. When we talk about translating between languages it's really just looking at the same thing (like a tree) and finding out what word Chinese people made for it, etc. By the way, your name was completely made up too."
] | [
"English has been a language that loves to get unique and specific names for everything, especially Old English. Finger, toe and thumb are all very old words. The main reason they have their own names is really because the language has placed an emphasis on finding a new word for something rather than mixing or com... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Anatomy:"
} |
why does John Wayne refer to people as "pilgrims" in his films? | [
"Not the kind we think about this week, with the turkeys and the buckles on their hats. Pilgrim just means a person on pilgrimage -- a religious voyage of fulfillment and redemption. More generally, it means a wandering traveler from a distant place, or just a foreigner. Wayne (and other characters in Westerns) use... | [
"I have a question for you. I would like clarification. Are you asking why he insulted Obama or why he chose the insult 'son of a whore'?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is it that whenever a new car is announced, it's released ahead of it's model year number? (E.g. the new 2016 Smart Fortwo is coming out in Europe this year) | [
"I was told that it was just for marketing. I.E. A car in 2014 that is a 2015 model year makes you feel like it's ahead of the times and makes you want to buy it more so than a 2014 model. But in the 60's all companies at the time made a truce to stop it as it was getting out of hand"
] | [
"Majority of the vehicle's production would be in 2017. Because of how complex building something like a car is, you can't instantly switch from one model year to another, and because of how DOT handles its regulations, they can't build the 2016 vehicle in 2017. Manufacturers are allowed to build 2017 models from J... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
. Why do we experience DeJaVu? | [
"The ELI5 version of the most believable theory I've heard is, the brain has a glitch and stores new memories in an old memory slot making it feel like you experienced it in the past."
] | [
"Sometimes something *really has* happened before. Like this question! :-) 1. [ELI5: What happens when we experience déjà vu? ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: Why do I sometimes experience Déjà Vu? ](_URL_7_) 1. [ELI5: What is deja vu and how does it work? ](_URL_3_) 1. [ELI5: Why do we sometimes feel Déjà Vu's ](_URL_8_) 1.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Cognitive Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Cognitive Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Cognitive Science:"
} |
Why is there a stronger breeze coming from my window when the door is open as opposed to closed? | [
"You're allowing greater airflow. With the door closed, inflowing air just piles up in your room, and quickly reaches a pressure that stops much more inflow. When the door's open, there's no such bottleneck."
] | [
"Putting the fan on you causes a breeze which cools you down. Pointing the fan out is blowing the hot air out, thereby causing negative air pressure inside the house and forcing fresh air to flow in. So, if it is hotter outside than in, point your fan at you. If it is hotter inside than out, point your fan out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does your body gasp for air when exposed to sudden contact with freezing water? It seems a bit counterproductive to inhale when wet (e.g falling through a frozen lake) | [
"It makes you breathe in quickly because you are potentially about to be entirely submerged in cold water so it makes sense to take as big a breath as you are able. This typically won't occur if your head is the first thing to enter the water."
] | [
"Fish can survive so long as their gills remain moist, so they can use the oxygen from the water. Humans drown because the water gets into their lungs making them unable to breathe. Also if you’re in very cold water, your body goes into shock constricting your breathing making drowning quicker."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do you have to sign after using a credit card at some places and not others? | [
"It varies based on store policy really. Some places require a signature if it’s over a certain dollar amount. Some places require a signature period, and some don’t care at all. It’s just a matter of what they want to do. I can go to Walmart and don’t have to sign if it’s under $50 but if I go to the local tobacco... | [
"time. would take longer for people to type in their email address than it would to take the paper receipt, creating much longer lines. stores like best buy or macy's encourage shoppers to sign up for points or rewards so all you have to do is confirm your email on a screen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why isn't every person entitled to food, water, and shelter? | [
"What level would they be entitled to? How much food? Just enough to survive? Why should the government provide this instead of citizens providing this for themselves whenever possible?"
] | [
"Because Europe is the only region that has enough money to provide food, water, houses, health care, etc for millions of people."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why/how does almost every nation have different languages, measurements, etc but the whole world uses same measurements of time (seconds, minutes, hours) | [
"Not _everyone_ uses the same measurements of time. There are indigenous tribes which do not measure time at all. Languages are simply rooted too deeply in our social structure to simply replace. As for measurements of things except time, most everyone uses [SI units](_URL_0_). Money quote: _Black indicates the nat... | [
"I don't think there is/has. Lots of different calendar systems and systems for measuring time. We didn't always have clocks or agree on hours lol"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how does the sex change surgery work? | [
"I don't really know the answer to either of those questions, but \"people who are their birth gender\" could be put as cisgendered."
] | [
"because sex drive and maturity have nothing to with each other?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does it not take long for money to be taken out of my account, but if I'm getting money from PayPal or something similar, it takes days to process? | [
"The way it works is like this. When you make a bill payment or a purchase, let's say the money is going to Apple, the funds are taken from your account and put in the Apple account at your bank where they are kept until they are processed. These funds are then sent in a big chunk to Apple at some predetermined tim... | [
"The bank won't know when you're making the deposit but as soon as they send the check information over to the bank that issued the check, it's going to come out that somebody's cheating the system. This seldom goes well for the cheater. It's illegal and you will get caught."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why when I move large files from one HDD to another, in the beginning of transfer speed sometimes tops 100 mb/s, but after several seconds drops to more or less average speed? | [
"HDD Have little bit of cache on them - which means that when you write file on them, it goes first to RAM in disk and then it gets written on platter later. With small files, HDD can store them completelly in cache and write then down in downtime. --- It is as if you want to empty bucket of water into sewage by po... | [
"All these answers are wrong...so far. SSD's are hyper fast because their data retrieval rate is sub 1 millisecond, versus a hard drive which is typically 7ms. > And is it not just a glorified USB memory stick? No. A typical SSD's (depending on which controller you prefer) read and write speed are near 500mb/s. A... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Every human on the planet spontaneously vanishes, and a hundred years later, aliens arrive. Would they be able to find out about the internet? | [
"Sure, there would be an \"Internet for Dummies\" book someplace on a library shelf. They could learn all about what the Internet was. They could go to the places where the computers were, and maybe fix up the Wikipedia servers so they could learn all we know."
] | [
"Remember how in the beginning the hominid things touched the monolith and suddenly understood that they could use tools? Aliens left that there to help intelligent life develop on Earth. They left a similar one far out in the solar system so when we were ready we would be able to find it. The weird baby thing is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
From an evolutionary standpoint why do human babies grow temporary teeth only to be replaced later by permanent ones? | [
"We are not the only species that has that. I know dogs and cats do, too. I think I remember reading it's about size. When we're small our jaws don't have enough room for the big permanent teeth we end up with. We still need teeth, though, so we get little mini-teeth. Then, as we grow older (and bigger) they get r... | [
"The human skull is born with all the teeth it's gonna have. If you look at an [x-ray of a child's head](_URL_0_), you can see they've got their adult teeth all crammed up in their gums above their baby teeth. So our teeth don't really \"grow back\". All the teeth you were ever gonna have are already there, from bi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
A deer can eat poisonous plants like rhoderdendrons because they don't have a gall bladder. When a doctor removes a humans gall bladder, are they too able to eat poison without feeling ill? | [
"It depends on the 'poison' you're talking about. A lot of toxicity in humans is caused not by the chemical itself, but by what the liver breaks it down into. For example, ethanol(drinking alcohol) is converted to acetaldehyde in the liver while isopropanol(rubbing alcohol) is converted to acetone. One of these(eth... | [
"Your intestines have certain bacteria that you get from certain food. If you don't have the right diet, meaning not eating right amount of everything, the bacteria that you get from eating vegetables for example won't be living in your gut if you are not eating vegetables. And your intestines get sad that said bac... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If race doesn't exist what is the correct name of the attribute that we used to call race? | [
"When people say \"race doesn't exist\", they don't mean the name of the attribute is wrong. They mean the attribute doesn't really make much biological sense in the first place. For example, two random Africans are likely to be more genetically different from each other than a random European and a random East Asi... | [
"defining men and women in an objective Manner is actually pretty easy. You look at their chromosomes. Transsexuals exist but thery' re a statistical outlier and not really considered. if it comes up that can be handled on a case by case basis. defining races in an objective Manner is very difficult. You might be a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why when there is a medical 'breakthrough' that seems like it will treat or cure a huge disease or illness, does nothing change? | [
"Largely because news stories sensationalize science without fully understanding it. There is a relevant XKCD comic that has a guy in a lab coat standing over a petri dish with a gun that says, \"When you see a claim that a common drug or vitamin 'kills cancer cells in a petri dish', keep in mind: so does a handgu... | [
"Cancer is not just one disease, there are many types of cancer. So it's kind misleading saying they are trying to cure cancer, most of the time they are find treatments for one variation of cancer. As for how they do it its beyond my knowledge."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does it hurt to read green text on red background and vice versa? What happens to our eyes/brain? | [
"The lens in your eye tries to focus the light on you retina but light of different wave lenght is bending differently (rainbowlike) so your eyes and brain will be confused about what color to make sharp and what to make blurry. You will get this effect with any color combination with large enough difference in wav... | [
"Colors are how our eyes and brains process light with different wavelengths. In the dark, there is not enough light for our eyes to perceive these different wavelengths. Also, our eyes use two different structures to see, like someone else said. Cones are the ones that can process color (c for cones, c for color i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What happens to our feces in the sewers? | [
"Vice had a nice video about [this](_URL_0_). Slightly NSFW I guess, contains a lot of fecal images right from the start. In short, it gets separated from water and other stuff, like toilet paper, gets tested if it doesn't contain poisons or dangerous material and is dried and made into a compost."
] | [
"They get digested or metabolized in the liver. Some are excreted via feces."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When did asking for autographs from celebrities become popular? | [
"1920's. That's when baseball started becoming very popular in the US and also when film stars really started appearing"
] | [
"I don't have the answer. But related question: why do people get so obsessed with celebrities that when they die, they mourn?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why can we just pump water into deserts to solve rising sea levels? | [
"The surface of the oceans across the world is about 500 million square kilometers (roughly two hundred million square miles). To reduce the level of the earth's oceans by one millimeter (about one 25th of an inch), you'd have to pump five hundred thousand cubic kilometers - or about 120000 cubic miles of water (a ... | [
"the chemicals used in plastics and other chemicals would be released into the air/atmosphere. 1. you don't want to breathe that shit in 2. its bad for the environment when other things breathe that shit in 3. bad because of global warming."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the purpose of human beings having emotions? | [
"Almost all animals have some level of emotion, whether it be how we interpret it as emotion or simply forms of communication. It is a sort of communication - If someone doesn't look happy they tend to show it (especially anger). The emotions we have, although sometimes annoying, help us be closer together and un... | [
"In general it is the belief that there is no inherent purpose or value in existence."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does an inverted switch 12v dc to 110v ac? Where does the extra 98 volts come from? | [
"Some of the inverters use a circuit called boost converter, a boost converter uses solid state switches (transistors or MOSFETs) to charge an inductor. When the power to the inductor is removed, the collapsing magnetic field generates a higher voltage. To make it AC some inverters use multiple boost circuits and s... | [
"Current can be changed using step up or step down transformers. V2/V1 = I1/I2 So in your case, V1 is 120 V and I1 is 20A, V2 is ? and I2 is 90A... V2 = I1V1/I2 = 20 * 120 / 90 = 26.67 V All sorts of consumer electronics use transformers. Most of the things you have that run off of mains power actually have transfo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
'The-Dream wrote Umbrella by Rihanna' — what does that mean? | [
"[The-Dream](_URL_0_) Is both a producer and a performer. In this case, he wrote the song- all Rihanna did was sing his lyrics. In pop music the majority of music is created this way. The producers craft the actual song and the \"stars\" do little more than look good and sing what they are told to sing."
] | [
"And in at number 5 this week is \"Baby I wanna DP your momma\" by Mozart and the Merry Mandolins... surely heading for next weeks No.1 spot! Hmm.. doesn't work, does it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we always portray extraterrestrial life as way more advanced than us? | [
"Yes, but primitive life wouldn't find us. The only way we would find primitive life is if we advanced enough to search for them. Edit: it should be noted that loads of sci-fi presents ETs that are less advanced than we are."
] | [
"Attacked by an external force? We wouldn't be capable of anything. It'd probably be over before we even knew we were under attack. They'd have to be more advanced than us because they made it here. They would most likely be a lot more advanced than us. It'd be unlikely that another \"nearby\" civilisation was only... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
- What are "3g", "4g", and "4glte" and how are they different? | [
"LTE also stands for Long Term Evolution. The idea is that later on they can continue to increase the speed of the network while not having to change the hardware because the max speed cap isn't set."
] | [
"WiFi is not the same thing as a cellular network. This seems to be a common misconception, when I tell people that I have wireless broadband, because I can't get a landline, many people respond \"oh, so you got wifi\". WiFi use 2.4 GHz radio waves, cellular networks use many different frequencies, from ~700 MHz u... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
I understand why it takes so long for our bodies to 'wake up' after we finish sleeping. How come it takes so long for our brains to be fully operational in the morning? | [
"If you wake up naturally - that is, you wake up without an alarm or an annoying parent, then your brain is pretty much ready to go. But if you are in a deep sleep and something external wakes you, then your brain is still asleep and needs time to wake up. That is, unless you get the person to wake you with someth... | [
"Don't eat at least 2 hours before bed time. Don't use digital screens at least 30 minutes before bed time. Go to bed at the same time every night. Wake up at a consistent time approx. 8 hours later. A ritual can be very helpful. Don't do stuff outside of this ritual in your bed. Sex, read a book before bed, sleep.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Is the steam that comes out of nuclear power plants irradiated? | [
"> But then that means the water comes into contact with the uranium(?) in order to be heated? No. There is a fluid that passes through the reactor to pick up the heat and then passes through a heat exchanger which transfers the heat to the actual working fluid that turns the turbines. The steam going through the t... | [
"> Isn't that water then contaminated? Yeah, but it's not in the water supply. Water is good at cooling things. Just because we want most of our wanter to not be contaminated, doesn't mean we avoid using some of our water for cooling spent fuel rods. There is plenty of water used in a nuclear plant that's expected ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does your eye sometimes go black when your standing up? | [
"Your blood pressure drops because your body was optimized to move blood around while you were lying down. Quickly changing position causes blood to drain from your upper extremities lowering your blood pressure. This causes a brief dizzy spell occasionally."
] | [
"Optometrist here! Your eyelids basically ooze really moisturizing oil whenever you blink. So the less you blink/the longer your eyes stay open, the tears on your eye are literally evaporating and exposing your eye to the air which causes that burning feeling! Super common these days the more you're on your phone o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
If an electrical outlet (120 volts) can kill you, how come a taser (50,000) can't? | [
"ELI5 version: Voltage is like the speed of a projectile. Current is the weight of it. A pea from a pea shooter may have the same speed as a cannon ball, but the cannon ball will hit harder. So, the taser can deliver a lot of voltage, but not much current. So, basically, it's a pea shooter with an extreme muzzle ve... | [
"It's not very likely (I don't know the odds, but my pool has been struck by lightning once before), but if it did get struck, you would be pretty fucked. The lightning is going to hit the water and the electrons will immediately attempt to spread out. They will spread out through the pool, passing through your bod... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come having a shower in the morning magically stops me feeling like trash? | [
"Hey friend, this is just speculation on my part, but I would guess there are a combination of things going on here. I completely know what you mean - I *hate* waking up early. But the shower makes it a bit nicer. Partly it is just a nice feeling, to be clean, and feel the warm water. Moving around, and the sudden ... | [
"Becasue you get tired at night. Being tired ontop of feeling sick means you feel even worse."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Do skeletons of similar sizes or shapes have different masses? Can one be "big-boned?" | [
"There can be small differences in bone structure. Generally not enough to be statistically significant. Sex, race and occupation can all play into general bone weight. As far as people carrying extra weight being \"big boned\" as a reason. No, they are just eating too much and exercising too little."
] | [
"While there is some amount of variance, the average dimensions and weight of organs are the same throughout all of humanity according to a rough *height* metric. A 6'5\" adult male would have about 30% larger lung size than a 5'10 adult male, assuming all other factors are \"average\". Fatter people will have heav... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is the new My Little Pony show so popular? | [
"I'm still not sure if a big portion of the internet is fucking with me"
] | [
"What's so bad about having something made in Israel?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is it that AA batteries can have a small form factor and hold 2700mAh while my phone battery is huge and stores less? | [
"mAh or mili Amp Hour isn't a measurement of energy. Amps measure the amount of electrons flow per second, but does not take into account the \"Pressure\" behind those electrons Energy(Watt Hours) is Amp Hours X Volts. Volts is the \"Pressure\" behind those electrons. AA batteries are either 1.5V(alkaline) or 1.2V(... | [
"The same as the difference between using a AA battery and a D battery (a 9V battery is basically 6 AAAA batteries packaged together). The voltage may be the same, but the D batteries have a whole lot more energy than a single 9V."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that when I get a cold, I feel cold. | [
"Your hypothalamus usually tells your body to be around 98.6 degrees (more or less). That's what your thermostat is set to. If your body is less than 98.6 degrees, you feel cold. Now when you get a fever, your hypothalamus tells your body to get hotter, so it sets the \"thermostat\" to 102 degrees or so. So now, if... | [
"Good heavens, I have never experienced or heard of that. Do you know other people who get this besides yourself?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Health:"
} |
If I eat a huge breakfast, can I be full for the whole day? | [
"No, you cannot be full for the day. Feeling full has to do with blood sugar levels being over a certain baseline, hormones released as you absorb nutrients from your intestines, and your stomach being physically filled. You will process food out of your stomach within 1-3 hours and total digesting between 6-12 ho... | [
"Maybe you eat too much at night. If I eat a small dinner at something like 7pm and that's it, I can stand food in the morning, but if I snack after dinner it's a different story."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
- Why do Cuban-Americans actively lobby against US-Cuba relations? | [
"Most of them are from the population which was forced to flee or expelled from Cuba when Fidel Castro took over, or have since escaped. Their big thing is that it is still the Castro's in charge of a still very much communist and unitary political party system of government."
] | [
"It will be easier people in the US to visit Cuba, acquire Cuban goods and do business in Cuba. Vice-versa for people in Cuba dealing with the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Now that people can pay to get YouTube Premium and avoid ads, how does YouTube pay creators? Does it check the ones you, as a Premium user, watch and treat them as if you were a normal user or are we going to see a decrease in YouTubers' revenue? | [
"A portion of what you pay YouTube gets split between the creators of the videos you watch depending on how much time you spend on each. It's supposedly vastly more profitable for creators of long videos, while very short ones might see a net loss."
] | [
"YouTubers earn money through ads on their monetised videos. Viewing an ad provides a small amount of income towards their channel. Since it requires the ad to be displayed, if you run adblock, your view does not count towards what they get paid. Unless they acquire sponsors or a donation system, this is the only w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do electric utility companies (in the US) subsidize the cost of LED light bulbs? | [
"Because many of these utilities are not run for profit as they are city government utilities. They want people to use less electricity."
] | [
"When you buy appliances, buy energy star. Use less heat and air conditioning. Bike more, drive less. Put solar panels on your house (many companies will work a deal with you that involves little money up front). If you get a car, get a hybrid or electric one. Turn down your water heater. Check whether your e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is it that i sometimes 'know' what will happen with me or with some of the people in my life? | [
"Adding to what other people in here already said, you could also be experiencing **confirmation bias**. You say that \"*sometimes*\" you know what will happen. It means you're *discarding* all the thousands of thousands of times you *didn't* know or you predicted wrongly and giving value to the rare moments when ... | [
"you might be like me in that you don't know the best way to put what you are trying to say into words because of all the thoughts running through your head. that's my 2 sense"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Speech and Language:"
} |
ELI14: Pornhub vs. Youporn vs. Redtube vs ... | [
"The best part of being a default subreddit is that finally new questions are being asked. Thanks, OP."
] | [
"Unrelated, but the \"Big Cat Rescue\" channel on YouTube answers a lot of questions like this. Q: Do TIGERS like catnip?? _URL_7_ Do BIG Cats Like Catnip? *PART 2 - The \"Science\"... _URL_6_ Big Cats + Mirrors = Funny! _URL_4_ BIG CATS like boxes too! _URL_5_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Where does electricity go when it goes into the "ground" | [
"In electrical circuits, \"ground\" often means a big, low resistance path back to the power source. In many cars, for example, ground is simply the body of the car providing a return path back to the battery. In other cases, like household electrical, the ground is literally the ground. Electrons are not completel... | [
"Chargers work by making electricity available to the device. The device determines how much it takes. If the device stops taking power, the electricity stops flowing. It's similar to what happens when you unplug a device from the wall."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do dogs bark violently at other dogs when you walk them? | [
"It could be over territory as many dogs are very territorial. It could also be that they are being protective. Dogs are extremely protective and often love you unconditionally."
] | [
"Dogs sense tension and fear just like humans. You could also be intimidating them without realizing it. Try bending down and greeting them at eye level. Dogs are easily bribed with food. Carry a meat snack with you beforehand if you know you'll encounter any dogs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does Forbes consider someone like Bill Gates "self-made" when he grew up in wealth and could afford to attend Harvard? | [
"Because the money he has is money he made, himself, through his business. It isn't money he inherited from a family member or something. \"Self-made\" isn't about where you came from, it's about how you got here."
] | [
"You yourself don't have to be rich to be president, you just have to have a lot of people willing to give you money. > If middle class Joe was really smart, went to the right schools, studied the right things, and did everything right, would he ever have a chance at becoming president? That's essentially Bill Cli... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Politics:"
} |
Why do women usually live longer then men? | [
"It mostly comes down to work. The life expectancy for males is slightly lower than women because dangerous jobs are usually done by men, and men generally work longer than women. Soldiers, lumberjacks, miners, are pretty much only done by males and so will bring the average life expectancy down. Males are more lik... | [
"Asian men are far less attractive to White women than Asian women are to White men."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some casinos won't allow a person to join a game or take home the money after a big winning? | [
"The casino doesnt ever have to let you play at any specific table if for some reason they dont want to. They can kick you out for any reason as its a private establishment. That said they absolutely CANNOT keep you from leaving any time you want and taking your winnings with you, but it is their job to make money,... | [
"You're not playing the house for its money, your playing the tables players for their money, the casino may take a \"rake\" or fee before each hand from players. I work at a casino."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Scorekeeping of boxing | [
"It wouldve been wonky, both shoudlve had deductions for behavior after the bell, and connor had some hammer fists that werent floyds fault. It works on a 10 point must system: _URL_0_ 10 points go to each fighter. Winner of the round gets 10 while the loser gets 9 (that number changes if there were knockdowns) Th... | [
"Advertising, selling info, and premium versions of the free stuff."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:"
} |
Why does licking a popsicle stick make my skin crawl? | [
"I have no clue why you have that but I can tell you: reading about it alone made me shudder, too. I know exactly what you mean. It's....uuuurgh... the thought of biting on that piece of wood... I can hardly even write about it. Yuck! So yeah, I need an explanation for this, too!"
] | [
"Does anyone else lick them to make them wet first? I cant stand a dry swab."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Health and wellness:"
} |
What is a Master's Degree and What Does it Signify? | [
"Elementary school - is general. You learn what everyone else learns. High school - still general. You learn mostly what everyone else learns, but you get to choose a little bit in what you're interested in. Bachelors - you start to specialize. Masters - ok, now you're an expert and people would acknowledge that yo... | [
"Associate's Degree: 2 years Bachelor's Degree: 4 years Master's Degree: Bachelor's + 2 years Doctoral/Ph.D: Bachelor's + 4-6 years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can we keep growing seedless mandarins if there are no seeds in them to grow more? | [
"Most trees are not grown from seed. Most trees, particularly commercial fruit/nut trees, are grown by snipping a stem from a highly desirable tree and rooting it or grafting it into a desirable root stock. These trees are clones, rather than new genetic mixes. For example, if you plant an apple you won't get an ap... | [
"The \"seed\" in a cherry is called a pit, and if I'm not mistaken, it's where the juicy part of the cherry came from. Similar to dates and plums. In contrast, the seeds of grapes and oranges are intended to produce more grapevines/orange trees"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do clothing manufacturers make female pants without pockets? | [
"For various reasons, women's fashions have favored appearance while men's have been more about utility. That has led to the use of lighter fabrics in tighter fitting cuts, where pockets, especially occupied pockets, would lead to unsightly bulges. In part because of this, most women carry purses, rendering pockets... | [
"It adds an extra layer of clothing protection from sweat and assorted bodily fluids. It makes the outer clothing last a bit longer. Notice how you buy more underwater than pants every year?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Having an intensely realistic dream that wakes me up via my heart is beating out of my chest. | [
"I'd be a little concerned actually. Heart beating out of your chest while waking up from a dream probably means you have sleep apnea. I'd visit a sleep doctor. It's a serious, but easily treatable condition. I'm not kidding about that."
] | [
"Chances are it's your heart rate dropping to the point where your brain panic's thinking it's in danger and gives you a spike of adrenaline. Same way you sometimes get a sense of falling in your sleep that wakes you up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
How did Facebook get the information to generate an ad on my girlfriend's feed (on her laptop) regarding very specific art prints I was browsing on my PC? I dont have a FB account and shes never logged into FB on my pc. | [
"Because Facebook does a creepy amount of tracking all across the web. Every time you see Facebook integrated with another site (even just a share on FB button), it can use that to track things about the visitor to that site, including your IP address (like a mailing address for your computer on the internet) even ... | [
"Facebook has a lot of data to use for such features. They could be showing you friends of your friends that at the same time are not yours, people who entered the same job / school in their profile, people who like a few pages you liked yourself. All details of the inner workings of the system are obviously pure s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does African Americans are seen more likely to vote for democrats than republicans? | [
"In the 1960s, the Democrats pushed a bunch of laws to try and make racial equality happen. This drove all the old white racists out of the party. The Republican party then picked up all these old white racists, because it turns out that's a lot of voters."
] | [
"Republican and Democrat are two main political parties in the United States and liberal and conservative refer to political ideas and philosophies A liberal might not necessarily be a Democrat, a conservative may choose not to follow the Republican party"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why am I starting to go bald on the top of my head while growing a healthy mane on my balls? | [
"If you're 5, and going bald with ball hair, DOCTOR, NOW."
] | [
"No answers here yet, just commenting because I'm interested in this too. My husband's head-hair is brown, but his facial hair is red with a patch of blond on his chin. Curious as to why hair does this."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come in aquariums the predators don’t gobble up the prey? Are they trained not to do so? | [
"Many fish will only attack when they are hungry, or won't attack fish they the don't recognize as food. A good aquarium will be curated to take both these into account, and will only contain well fed, mutually compatible species."
] | [
"They already eat their babies. If you leave them alone with their babies and they become even a little bit upset they will eat their own children. They regularly cannibalize each other as adults as well I believe. They are killing machines already."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Intoxication and Rape | [
"Let's put it in a way that would make it more relevant to a guy. Let's say you are drunk and feeling pretty good. You wander into a bar where there are a lot of guys. You meet this great guy who is funny and likes a lot of the same things you do. You keep drinking together. You walk out of the bar together and you... | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Is pre-historic worldwide flood actually plausible? | [
"A worldwide flood is highly dubious. However, remember that to ancient people, the \"world\" was very limited to their local area. Any number of floods could have inundated thousands of square miles of land, leading people to believe that nearly the whole world was underwater."
] | [
"They wouldn't need the deciphering of hieroglyphs to disprove the myth of Noah's flood. The pyramids themselves are enough to throw that suggestion out the window. The great pyramids were built around [2500BC](_URL_0_), the flood was said to have taken place around [2349BC](_URL_1_). That means the Egyptians misse... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why is suicide generally not accepted? | [
"It's a permanent solution to a temporary problem. It's a messy thing for loved ones to try and understand."
] | [
"My opinion on this is that it is as common nowadays as it was two or three decades ago. But now its more accepted to speak about it. There is no stigma with going to the psychiatrist. Just my opinion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do hammer head sharks have hammer heads? What is so evolutionarily favorable about that? (Not trying to argue evolution, I'm a biologist) | [
"I saw on TV that it aids in finding fish. Sharks and other fish can detect electromagnetic fields in water, which are created by an animal's heartbeat, brain, etc. Somehow the hammer shape increase the accuracy of this. [citation needed]"
] | [
"Thank you for all your awesome explanations! Nobody who actually believes in evolution has ever explained it to me before, so I've only heard things like \"monkeys magically turned into people\", so evolution never made much sense to me. Now that I properly understand it, I'm going to do some more research :) Alth... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do antihistamines make me so tired? And why does it effect others differently? | [
"Many of the common anti-histamine drugs work by blocking histamine receptors in your body. Basically, it stops chemicals that would cause an allergic reaction from reacting with your body. However, a lot of these drugs also cause other chemical receptors from working correctly. The one we care about here is called... | [
"For anyone that comments if you could further expand on my curiosity. I found out I get hives/inflammation from cold winds or a drop in temperature so I’m trying to inquire on antihistamines. Is it bad to take OTC antihistamines like Reactine forever? And will you build an immunity to it? If you have an allergy to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why are the edges of my potato chips sometimes green? | [
"It's from a very mildly poisonous compound found in potatoes called solanine that turns green when potatoes are exposed to the sun. Small amounts of it won't hurt you."
] | [
"Is it possible that the plastic is softening a bit and that's why it's drooping? Also, this is the first I've heard of someone leaving the lid on when microwaving."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do people still use handkerchiefs | [
"People with bad hay fever have near constant drainage. This basically water. The handkerchief doesn't even get crusty half of the time. When your nose is constantly running, the cost of tissues gets ridiculous. As for sanitary, I keep a bottle of hand sanitizer in my purse explicitly for this, but frankly, my hand... | [
"The best things come in pairs, breasts, testicles, sandwiches, butt cheeks, you get the gist."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it so important that I finish my course of antibiotics? What happens if I don't? | [
"Some of the bacteria survive. And because you didn't kill them all the way, they adapt and become more resistant to antibiotics. Then they keep spreading and soon we have more bacteria that's resistant, and eventually antibiotics stop working and then a lot of people get really, really sick and (potentially) die. ... | [
"Nobody is going to give you those kinds of antibiotics for an ear infection. What you should do is take all antibiotics as prescribed. That means finishing your prescription, not skipping days, etc. This will help prevent you from developing an antibiotic resistant infection."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why does drinking coffee make me slightly nauseous and hungry? | [
"Coffee is very acidic. Consming acidic foods on an empty stomach can often lead to gastric pain and/or feeling nauseated. Adding milk or cream can help. Also try waiting for your first cup of coffee until after you've consumed something non-acidic. For example, eat a yogurt first, or a bowl of oatmeal. Also realiz... | [
"If I sit around I tend to not drink as much water as normal, and when I'm dehydrated I have these exact symptoms. Maybe it's that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What is a "dry socket", and why is it painful? | [
"dry sockets are when blood clots that form after a tooth is pulled out become dislodged from the hole in the gums. If the clot comes out,the nerve that was connected to your tooth is now exposed and constantly getting poked and proded by your tongue,saliva,air,food,drink(cold and hot) and any other stuff it comes ... | [
"Go to the doctor right away. The appendix will grow and grow until it bursts, and you develop a severe immune response. There is not enough blood penetration to the appendix, and it is filled with so much crap that you would need to manually clean it out. That's a lot harder than just taking it out, and never havi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What do they mean in a restaurant when they say "all day" | [
"All day is what you say when you're giving other cooks the rundown of EVERYTHING they have, say you have 5 orders in and across all 5 orders you have 7 chicken dinners. In that case, youd call \"7 chicken dinners all day\" In my experience an all day is something a cook requests when he's getting swamped and needs... | [
"What kind of restaurant offers this out of curiosity?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Technology:"
} |
How come I feel the need to swallow food if I chew long enough but not gum? | [
"When chewing food, it is broken into smaller pieces as u chew. Ur tongue then automatically moves the chewed pieces to ur esophagus once the pieces are small enough. Gum on the other hand changes shape but not size, u actually need to make an effort to swallow it, because even after chewing the size is still abnor... | [
"Yeah, I think you may just be strange. No one chews pudding. Now, people might move it around their mouth a bit so they can actually taste it before swallowing, but chew? Nope."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can ISIS make money from selling oil? Who do they sell it to and how is it possible to smuggle oil when you're in focus all the time? | [
"\"Most of the oil is bought by local traders and covers the domestic needs of rebel-held areas in northern Syria. But some low-quality crude has been smuggled to Turkey where prices of over $350 a barrel, three times the local rate, have nurtured a lucrative cross-border trade.\" _URL_0_ Basically by selling it lo... | [
"In the north of Syria/Iraq a little better. The Kurds fought ISIS to a draw and even kicked them out of a few border towns. In the middle of Iraq a lot worse. ISIS has taken and held more critical Iraq towns and roads. In Syria, a mixed bag. ISIS has lost some ground and gained some ground. In terms of its organiz... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is tax money used to build sports stadiums? | [
"Beyond what /u/desertravenwy said, having professional sports teams in the city increases the city's presence, makes the city a desirable location for people (and businesses) to move to, and makes citizens happier. When you couple that with the problem that \"City Next Door\" *will* offer the team a nice shiny new... | [
"Costs money to build and maintain the facilities, some countries don't feel like taking on the burden of that cost."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How scientists recognise what gene is responsible for. | [
"You genetically sequence a normal version of the organism. Then you mutate or breed the organism until its progeny express abnormalities in the trait you're interested in. Then you sequence the progeny and compare how their genetic codes differ from the \"natural\" parent. You look for sequences within their genom... | [
"Genetics and environmental factors - the same thing that affects most variability in human traits."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do electric machines seem to suffer in performance under cold conditions? | [
"Many electric machines are battery powered. Batteries produce electricity through chemical reactions, which slow down when it is cold, thus reducing power production. Machines, in general, need oil for lubrication. When the oil gets cold, it becomes more viscous. This increases drag/friction, and thus reduces the ... | [
"Turn it off, you will use less power. Thermodynamics tells us that heat loss is proportional to temperature difference, so if you let your house warm up the heat from outside enters more slowly. Essentially the product of time and temperature difference is your cooling energy. There is a minor subtlety with mainte... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does "inflation" happen, and why can't we set up policies to encourage deinflation instead? | [
"the opposite of inflation is called deflation. Deflation is kinda dangerous for an economy, as people will save up money instead of spending it. Why should you buy a TV for 1000$ today when you can get it for 800$ in half a year? (exaggerated, but you should get what I mean)"
] | [
"> So, what's the harm in having a stable dollar? Pegging the value of a dollar to the price of some commodity (i.e. gold) makes it much harder to manipulate the wider economy. Had the Fed not been able to as effectively increase the quantity of dollars available following the 2008 crash, the subsequent recession w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is everyone stepping down from their positions in government? | [
"Could you be more specific? From what I can see \"everyone\" isn't."
] | [
"Have you been paying attention to the news at all this past year? FIFA is astonishingly corrupt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do humans cry "tears of joy" when we're happy? | [
"To start this off, let me tell you about the hypothalamus...i.e a tiny little part of your brain that controls pretty important stuff like body temperature and hunger. Next, the amygdala, little groups of nuclei that are important when processing memory, and emotional reactions. Whether you're happy or sad, the hy... | [
"Mirror neurons? The same reason happy movies make us happy, and the same reason we are more likely to yawn when we see others yawn, or feel sad when we see others cry. We empathize with the characters in horror movies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we fill tanks of pure gases like helium on a large scale? Where does the gas come from? How do we separate it and get it into the tanks? | [
"air seperation and industrial gas liquefaction is done by compressing, cooling, then expanding the gas. Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon, and a few other noble gases are produced by distilling air- the gases all have different boiling points. Helium comes from natural gas wells. one mode of radioactive decay releases heliu... | [
"Sure. Space is full of stuff that could be made into breathable air. The simplest way to do it would be to find some ice (probably in the form of a comet) and use electricity (generated with solar or nuclear power) to crack the water into hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen can be fed into your storage tank for breath... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
The cultural difference between "You can't say that because it offends me," and "You can't say that because it offends my God." | [
"You're trying to understand a combination of insanity and power mongering masquerading itself as morally superior. In the US we're all supposed to get along, but in older parts of the world they openly hate other groups of people. Having an enemy with a different religion is an excellent excuse to murder them."
] | [
"Argument 1: I should be able to say whatever I want, whenever I want about whomever I want. This is protected by the 1st amendment and any attempt to silence me is a violation of this. Argument 2: People need to be respectful of others feelings, beliefs and opinions. If someone says something offensive about a per... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is it hard to walk in the same direction as the train is accelerating? | [
"Walking forward requires force. When the train is accelerating, it is forcing you forward (by moving your feet). This is like walking up hill, where you not only have to move yourself forward but you also have to lift yourself up. On the train you not only have to move yourself forward, but you also have to accele... | [
"In order to get on the bus, you'd have run as fast as the bus. And if you're already as fast as the bus..then why do you need the bus?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Where does all the internet comes from and why the speed isn't the same everywhere? | [
"The Internet is just a bunch of servers and networks that are connected to each other, think of old school telephone operators, you pick up the phone, tell them who you want to talk to, and they connect you to them. This is basically what happens when you are connecting to a website. The speeds aren't the same f... | [
"Public places with free Wifi do not usually have very good connection speeds, so it would take you forever to download tons of digital media."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does photo identification work for Muslim women who wear the full face veils? | [
"They take them off and presumably, smile. In airport security or anywhere where they are required to show their face, it isn't really convoluted: they go to a private room where a *female* officer identifies her. The keyword is female. I live in a country with a native Muslim population and the issue has never ... | [
"Burqa is what the Taliban forced Afghan women into wearing, it's basically a huge sheet with a cap sewn in the middle and mesh at eye level to see out of. Hijab in general is just a headscarf. If you see a Muslim women wearing a headscarf with otherwise normal western outfit then she's wearing a hijab. Niqab is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the snow not melting when being lit on fire? | [
"Soot from the lighter is black which gets on the snow so when it does melt. It has the contaminants from the lighter in it."
] | [
"Clouds are just water vapor. It's just fog that's high up in the sky. So the answers to all your questions are the same as the answer to \"what would happen if you poured water outdoors while it was foggy?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we, as people, like winning so much? | [
"We like what winning means: attention, prizes, power, etc. \"Winning\" is meaningless on its own, but people might pay more attention to you if you won \"the big game,\" or you might want a monetary prize, or you might just like the feeling of power you get having triumphed over the other players--or any other kin... | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does a Fridge/Freezer sometimes become really hard to open after just closing it? | [
"When you shut the door hard, you squeezed the rubber seal, raising the air pressure slightly so a little air leaked out. Then the rubber seal rebounds slightly, the volume in the fridge increases slightly, so the air pressure inside goes down. This is a partial vacuum, so outside air is pressing slightly harder on... | [
"There's oil in the compressor part of the freezer (the engine bit) that can leak out if the freezer hasn't been kept upright during transport (which you don't know for sure it hasn't if you just bought it). Letting it stand upright lets this oil settle back into the compressor meaning it's less likely to cause iss... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do persons in the military wear their uniform outside of work? | [
"In my case, only time I wore my uniform outside of work was for quick tasks on the way to or from work such as stopping for gas, grocery, food, etc. With that, if you spot a guy in uniform at a bar or a club(which I've personally witnessed) chances are he's most likely an asshole milking the uniform."
] | [
"Also, would her military experience be any useful in finding a job? Did women serve in the British military during World War 1 and if so, did they go back into the workforce afterwards?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
if you look at yourself in a mirror from 15 feet away, are you looking 30 feet? | [
"Yes. Your reflection *is* 30 feet away. When you see things, you are really seeing the light that bounces off of them. The light that makes up your reflection first bounces off you and then travels the 15 feet until it hits the mirror. Then it travels another 15 feet from the mirror and back to your eyes for a tot... | [
"What do you mean by \"length of my body\"? Do you mean you see yourself as the same height? You see yourself as the same height because you are still the same height. looking in a mirror is like looking at a person on the other side of a piece of glass, standing as far from the glass as you. Since they're still th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What causes us to be pushed upwards into the restraint when riding an amusement park 'Drop Tower'? | [
"They aren't free fall. The carriage is actually being propelled downwards at first, which causes the passengers to be 'lifted up' in relation to the carriage."
] | [
"Similar risks to riding a roller coaster- the excitement could mix poorly with certain health conditions. Heart conditions in particular come to mind- your heart will probably beat like crazy. It's also possible to injure yourself on the landing even with a fully deployed parachute."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why did it hurt so badly when the anaesthetic was injected into my IV? | [
"I'm assuming you had propofol given to you for your anesthetic. A milky white fluid? The pain/burning is not unusual when administered in a smaller vein (relatively speaking). Different people have different sensations to it... from nothing, to slight tingling, to a burning, to outright pain... though most sensati... | [
"The needle has punctured muscle tissue. It hurts worse when you use that muscle. They give you Advil or a generic to reduce inflammation for a reason. Should get better after 2 days"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
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