query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
why cant trains get a more efficient emergency brake system? | [
"One of the reasons that trains are so efficient (in fuel used per kilo of cargo) is that their wheels don't have much rolling resistance. So you can't use car-type brakes very efficiently - there just isn't that much grip between the wheels and the track. Another reason, relevant for passenger trains, is that the ... | [
"So they can just hook up cars to the other end and go in either direction without the hassle of turning the locomotive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Transportation:"
} |
Is starvation mode real? How does it work? | [
"It's a myth. There have been studies done involving overweight/obese people that didn't consume any food at all for extended periods of time, and their weight loss was about what you'd expect given their calorie deficit. When people talk about starvation mode, that's really a misreading of the results of the Minne... | [
"You build muscle and stimulate fat loss with exercise and burning calories. You can still lose weight by eating less, but if you also exercise you lower your risk for a lot of diseases related to your heart. Just my best guess honestly, I am not an expert on this at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The difference between CPU speed and utilization. | [
"Imagine you have a car that can go 150 miles per hour. That's pretty fast. It's the rated speed. Now imagine that you're driving that car seven blocks to the grocery store. You're doing about 35 miles per hour. That's your utilization at that moment."
] | [
"Power consumption, caching, pipelining, multi-core and doing more in fewer clock cycles."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If humans develop traits are based on what was demanded of them from previous generations, why is baldness developed in men? | [
"All species evolve, which I think is what you're asking about. Species have random mutations, which really are nothing more than random. Then, natural selections ensures that the mutations which are most beneficial to reproducing are the ones which survive. Baldness does not harm an individual's ability to reprodu... | [
"It's evolutionary. Children that had an attentive family that focused its resources and care exclusively on them were more likely to survive and produce more children. Thus societies that did this had more children survive to adulthood and were more successful than spreading parental resources over a number of par... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why are we typically less attracted to fat people? | [
"In a really reduced nutshell: At a base, genetic level, humans are concerned with the survival of the species. So, in turn, we are hardwired to find those qualities attractive that will aid in that endeavor (wide birthing hips, supple breasts, fit frame, etc). And those qualities unattractive that will hinder that... | [
"I don't think its a case of women being more attracted to other women, it's just more socially acceptable."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly happens in the brain during a coma? | [
"The conscious mind (essentially all that is you) shuts down for some reason, be it physical damage or a bodily response to something. Processes tat run in the background (Breathing, heartbeat, digestion, etc) all run normally (most of the time.) It's basically just sleeping, but for longer."
] | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it difficult for someone to produce perfect counterfeit money, as in, make their bills the exact same way so they're indistinguishable? | [
"The government spends a lot of money making sure that the notes are hard to counterfeit, with special presses, special inks, and special components to the paper. A lot of the reason this works is that the government prints in large volumes. But here's another thing to remember: the government doesn't have to turn ... | [
"$20 bills are actually one of the most counterfeited bills now-days. They used to do larger denominations, but running around with a bunch of crisp new $100 and $50 bills was a bit too suspicious. They could have used smaller bills, but counterfeiting is expensive and risky, so you want to have a little more bang ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do companies run ads for 3 to 5 minutes on youtube? It gets skipped 99% of the time, wouldn't a 15 second ad be much more efficient in getting customers? | [
"15sec? I suspect most ads barely get the 5sec before the user skips them if its permitted. But the advertiser pays less if the viewer selects to skip it, so to their mind... having a person skip the ad might not be so bad... get their logo out there, and then bore them into skipping the end to save money."
] | [
"Because the company that made the add is paying them to. It's that simple. Hulu: \"So you want us to play this ad at least 8 times per 30m block. Cool that will be 2 million dollars\". Company: \"Sounds good!\" End User \"Why do I have to watch this ad so often?\" You have to remember that none of this is about y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is George Osborne selling British public assets, when they are basically money-making machines? | [
"he is selling them at a fraction of their worth to his friends, who will then make sure he continues to earn a lot of money once his time in power comes to an end."
] | [
"They do. They're called [Sovereign Wealth Funds](_URL_0_) These wealth funds make investments in companies and assets all over the world. Unfortunately most countries citizens are more concerned with the hear and now then planning for the future so these are rarer than they should be. Nationalised industries ar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why high-speed internet costs so much for so little in the US, compared to other countries? | [
"Lack of competition. The average Brit has a choice of 22 or 24 ISPs that will serve them over the same wires, and switching between them is easy. Competition is the magic that makes everybody try harder."
] | [
"Gas prices in the USA are much lower than in other industrialized countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Economics:"
} |
Why is Putin so unpopular in the West? | [
"Because people still dont trust the russians after all thats happened with them in the past 100 years or so that current generations still remember"
] | [
"Russia does not have a good track record when it comes to telling the truth. Why start believing them now?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If TopGear gives a car a negative review can the BBC be held financially responsible if it's proven that the review hurt sales of the car? | [
"Nope. You can't sue someone based on a critical opinion unless it contains lies."
] | [
"1. If people care enough to complain, and the company gets caught, then they get warned and may have to pay fines. 2. Other times, like with all three pictures you've linked to I suspect, they actually have permission to do what they do, or at least it's not illegal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
The joke "Why is a mouse when it spins?" | [
"The joke's on you. It's like \"No soap, radio!\". The joke is supposed to be nonsense, and you're supposed to have no idea what's going on, *that's the joke*."
] | [
"Because that spot swells up and gets I'm the way"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do you make medicine? | [
"Depends on the medicine. Some medicines are directly extracted from natural sources, yes. In those cases there are multiple methods to extract and purify the chemicals. You can sometimes heat the source in water, which then evaporates carrying some of your chemical of interest with it. You can run it through what'... | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why I as a Democrat think that most Republican candidates are unintelligent when I know they aren't. Is it because of where I read the news? Or am I just biased? | [
"The media generally only reports on extreme right-wing republicanism or on people who justify their republican viewpoints with uninformed arguments. So the impression you have of those people (the one that makes you think republicans are unintelligent) is accurate. Rational, level-headed republican voters that are... | [
"Because the majority of the press is owned by people who's interests are being challenged by him and they don't like that one bit Don't listen to the press, listen to the man then make up your own mind"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about current affairs:"
} |
Why does a hard drive have less space than the manufacturer says | [
"A small portion is used to store the structure of the drive itself. But the big reason is that when the manufacturer says 256 GB, they mean 256 * 1,000,000,000 Bytes, or 256,000,000,000 bytes. When your computer says 238.5 GB it means 238.5 * 2^30 Bytes, or 256,087,425,024 Bytes. Basically, the people who advertis... | [
"Generally, in a HDD, it's due to mechanical failure. The drive is structured by its smallest units of storage called sectors, when it experiences a mechanical error in one of those sectors, the sector is beyond repair and referred to as a bad sector. The bad sectors are marked to be skipped, and remapped into spar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do conifers have a full duplicate of their genome? | [
"Plants are very tolerant of polyploidy (having whole extra sets of genes). They tend to just grow bigger. If you're a tree in a forest, growing bigger than your neighbors and getting first dibs on the sunlight is an awesome advantage, and soon everybody's doing it."
] | [
"A complete copy of you DNA is in the nucleus of each of you cells. There is a few exception like red blod cell that lack a nucleus and sex cells that have half the number of chromosomes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the US legally allowed to fly drones in foreign airspaces and kill terror suspects? | [
"\"Legal\" has very little meaning in international politics on this level. What matters is, \"Who is going to complain?\" and \"What are they going to do about it?\". When possible, the USA gets either official or de-facto cooperation from the state in question and if that state doesn't complain with diplomatic fo... | [
"The US army is at war with the Talibans and the ISIS. So they send troops there to help fight these terrorist groups off"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why Avocados/Guacamole Don't Turn Brown When You Leave The Pit In | [
"Avocado flesh turns brown due to oxidation. Any avocado flesh in contact with air will turn brown after a few hours. People think the pit does something magical but all it is doing it blocking oxygen from getting the flesh directly under the pit, so it keeps that green. It does absolutely nothing for the exposed f... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Often people say when you get a splinter your body will learn to push it out at some point. How does it happen? | [
"Your body doesn't learn to push it out, it's just that tissue regrows in such a way that the splinter is eventually moved towards the outside of the body, which eventually results in the splinter emerging from the skin."
] | [
"There's a certain point at which the scab is supposed to come of and your body makes it itchy so that you scratch it off. Why we often try and pick them off before that, I have no idea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How are obscenely large digits of pi calculated and how do we know that they are accurate? | [
"[Mathematicians eventually discovered that there are in fact exact formulas for calculating Pi (π). The only catch is that each formula requires you to do something an infinite number of times. (Which makes sense given that the digits of Pi (π) go on forever.) One of the amazing things which interests people about... | [
"Pi is irrational. That is it never ends or repeats itself. Rational numbers will eventually end or go into a repeating pattern. All rational numbers can be written as one integer divided by another integer. They have done analyses where they try to prove that pi is rational by finding what the two integers that wo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Mathematics:"
} |
What would happen to the earth if the moon was suddenly destroyed by an asteroid? | [
"_URL_0_ This documentary covers the subject pretty extensively. Due to it's rather big size (relative to it's distance from earth), the moon has quite some gravitational effects, like for example the tides and our orbit around the sun. Other than that it is a physical object that can block the sun, interact with o... | [
"Suddenly? We would all die. Everything on the earth's surface would continue to move forward, at thousands of miles an hour. People would be thrown around and buildings would collapse. If the world stopped slowly, the environment would be destroyed. Eventually there would be two very different sides of the earth,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Climate science:"
} |
In an accident when the steering wheel airbag deploys, why doesn’t the plastic cover hit the driver in the face? | [
"There's a hinge, so it opens like a door with the force of the airbag. It's not launched at the driver's face."
] | [
"Have you ever seen a rollover crash? How the top of the car, even with a roll cage, crumples in. If someone weren't wearing a helmet the top could cut your head open. ALSO you can bang your head on the side door and get knocked out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do you have to pay property taxes? | [
"To pay for government services in the area. In my state, the lion's share of my property tax bill goes to the local school district. Some it also goes to my public library."
] | [
"If we stop paying the fee, the terrorists win."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can people do several different voices? | [
"Your voice is the product of the size and shape of your vocal folds, throat, skull and other things that transmit vibrations. If you can do impressions, you learn to manipulate your own instrument (voice) to sound different."
] | [
"It started when there was money involved. This enables people to do some professional shit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how do cell phones make calls when they don't have a sim card or any carrier attached to them? | [
"When you have no sim card inserted, the phone can still connect to nearby cell towers however you'll get a no service notification because whichever network the cell tower belongs to is refusing connection since it can't tell what network the phone is linked to. In the United States all carriers are required to co... | [
"Ill explain GPS and NFC. GPS is free because your not actually sending any data, all GPS is radio signals sending a signal from space. NFC is near field communications, it can be used for your phone to communicate with another device. This is a low range (an inch or two) feature that can allow simple data transf... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:"
} |
Please explain how the current wage gap in America works. | [
"There is no wage gap. At least not in how you likely think. The 75% number often thrown around for women is based on all jobs for women averaged and compared to all jobs for men averaged. That gives you false information. Men hold a larger percentage of the top paying jobs. This is often because they work more ov... | [
"Value compared to the rest of the world is rising. But inflation is still happening."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does lightly hitting some electronics or machine "fix" them? | [
"Sometimes there is a loose contact between 2 wires. Sometimes due to heat microchips can expand and pop out of their socket. giving it a gentle slap can fix these problems."
] | [
"The worst is that they are defective, either catching on fire, or sending way too much voltage into your device causing damage. More often, the voltage may be a bit off, causing your touch screen to misbehave while plugged in. Good ones work fine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why are antibiotics by prescription only? | [
"To control their use - if used indiscriminately, they can be damaging. For example, they are used in the agriculture business as a routine dose to ward off infections, for greater profit - but the side effect is to weed out all the weaker germs so that super germs emerge which are immune to their good effect - whe... | [
"Because over use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistant bacteria like MRSA. Doctors already prescribe them too much, imagine what a layperson with no medical knowledge whatsoever would do. By the way, the flu is a virus; antibiotics have absolutely no effect on them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does Universal Health Care work so well in other countries but not in the United States? | [
"They fail to see the good examples of highly effective universal or single-payer systems already in place in the country (the VA, Medicare, Medicaid, e.g.) as counterexamples to the knee-jerk \"government can't do anything right.\" edit: typo"
] | [
"If you think treatment of animals is bad in China, you have to seriously look at the treatment of people in The Republic Of China."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does a computer number pad go down from 7-4-1 while a phone goes down 1-4-7? | [
"There was actually a lot of research conducted into the design of the telephone keypad. The results were published in the paper [Human Factors Engineering Studies of the Design and Use of Pushbutton Telephone Sets](_URL_3_). Basically, it was found that the current keypad arrangement had significantly shorter keyi... | [
"Technically it's 0 1 2 3 4 **5** 6 7 8 9 10 While counting, you would start from 0 and increment at every step"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why did the Netherlands stay a monarchy after Napoleon? They were a republic for more than two hundreds years | [
"1) Even during the days of the Republic the House of Orange (the current dynasty of the Dutch Kings) had significant control of the government. 2) The Powers that win the Napoleonic wars wanted to stamp out Republicanism, so having the Dutch return to a Republic was not going to happen. 3) William II was willing... | [
"The monarchy saw the writing on the wall and realized that if they didn't give up their power, the commoners and aristocrats would rise up and take it by force. So they made a deal to transfer governmental power to the parliament in exchange for keeping their hereditary titles, massive landholdings, and bomb-ass p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Punctuation In And Around Quotation Marks. | [
"If whatever you're quoting has a period, like an entire sentence, then the period goes inside. \"I'm going to procrastinate during finals week.\" If it's just a phrase, NOT a whole sentence, then it's outside. This thesis is supported by his claim that \"the Earth revolves around the sun\". For above, assume th... | [
"From a more general perspective, there's this great video by Tom Scott - _URL_1_ - Why Computers Suck At Translation And enjoy the similarly brilliant - _URL_0_ - Adjectival Order: Why A \"Big Red Balloon\", not a \"Red Big Balloon\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What would happen if the president refused to take the oath? | [
"Going to get a little technical: The President had to have taken the oath of office, otherwise he wouldn't become President. If the President Elect refused to take the oath of office, the vice-president elect would be sworn in as President. This is, of course, assuming you're talking about the United States as dif... | [
"How would the president conduct a hostile takeover without the military? Also a takeover of what?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
All the bugs seem to disappear in winter but then repopulate in summer; where do they all go? | [
"Burrow into the ground, under tree bark, under the grass and leaves, leave behind eggs that hatch as it warms up. There are a number of wintering options for insects."
] | [
"Some do die in winter, but they lay eggs before that and leave them well protected. These hatch in spring. Some species find someplace warm to hide, compost piles, indoors, somewhere well protected, and build a little nest to try and keep warm. Some of these freeze, but not all. Spiders (and related critters) have... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Entomology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Entomology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do people in western, developed countries typically get more allergies than people in other countries? | [
"(I'm pretty sure but not 100% sure) during development, many children are kept away from things that could make them sick or be potentially dangerous, like since peanut butter could be a choking hazard to a baby, the parents won't feed it to the baby, so the developing body won't recognize peanut butter in the fut... | [
"Because our country is so wealthy even the poor are pretty well off compared to the middle class in most other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How does currency exchange work? What causes the currencies' relative values to fluctuate so much? | [
"Supply and demand. The exchange rate is a price for which you buy the other currency. It's kind of a resource like copper, but the amount of the 'product' is controlled by a central bank."
] | [
"What people are willing to pay for it. It is a commodity with reliable value that people generally use to park their money during economic downturns. If the market is not doing well, Gold tends to rise a bit, if the market is doing well it tends to fall a bit. That being said the price doesn't really yo-yo like ot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do people turn down their car stereo volume when they are lost | [
"If your senses are being barraged by multiple things at a time, it’s hard to focus on just one thing. Turning down the music eliminates that distraction and makes it easier to focus on getting un-lost"
] | [
"Most first-responders want to be the least amount of disturbing possible. In cities usually they only put sirens on when approaching an intersection so people that can't see the lights are aware of them coming. When lights are enough, why bother destroying everybody's eardrums?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Getting out of the army, please explain how health insurance works | [
"You should be able to use the VA until you find a job that provides you healthcare. Once you get on with a company that provides that, you have to choose what type of coverage you get. You usually get a few choices on what type of coverage that range from low coverage / high deductable (if you feel like you are he... | [
"A lot of times they just send all of them if an emergency call comes in."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Telecommunications:"
} |
The Fiscal Cliff and its ramifications | [
"Last summer, Congress was having trouble coming up with an agreement to cut spending and increase the Debt Ceiling. So they came up with an idea they they were going to choose a few people to come up with a compromise, then if they could come to an agreement, they would wave a lot of political red tape in an effor... | [
"High Crime + Dwindling Population + Crumbling Infrastructure + Diminishing Jobs = Perceived Shithole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
On a piano, why is there no black keys between the B and C keys and the E and F keys? | [
"r/musictheory will probably give you a more detailed response but this is the simplified answer. On a standard piano keyboard if you play 2 Cs an octave apart you will hear the same note. The different frequencies were split into equal steps (the log of the frequency difference is constant). Each semitone step bet... | [
"If you start at C then the major scale has no sharps or flats. Moving in fifths, (next note G) each following major scale has and increasing number of sharps. G has one, D two, A three and so on. Descending from c in fifths each major scale gas an increasing number of flats. F has one, Bb two, Eb three and so on.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about music theory:"
} |
What's the difference between viruses and bacteria? | [
"Other than the fact that they can both make you ill they are completely different things. A bacterium is a microscopic single celled living organism that reproduces by binary fission (splitting itself in half). It can make you sick either by producing a toxin or reproducing to the point where it starts to crowd ou... | [
"We don't. We get sick from contracting viral and bacterial infections."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do we wake up feeling so weird/different towards someone after we dream about them? | [
"interesting.....i always thought this just happened to me! even when i dont remember who the dream was about or what happened in it, randomly throughout the day i might think of a person and something about them wont feel right. something in my head makes me think differently than i did the day before. as if i kne... | [
"Because you are waking up in the middle of it. If you have someone wake you in the middle of normal dreams you remember them better too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What are the protocols for surgeons when they are in the middle of a surgery but the power goes out? | [
"Wait 0.5 seconds for the generators to kick in. In developing countries, I don't know. My guess is there aren't a ton of \"protocols\" in such hospitals. Maybe if it's daytime they just go outside."
] | [
"They usually specialize in just a few operations, and yes there are checklists. For more complicated operations there may be people assigned specifically to the logistics of tools and staff coming and going from the operating table. Sometimes they'll walk the whole surgical staff through a mockup of the surgery be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do conductors of orchestra work? | [
"The musicians are always looking at them. They will often use their peripheral vision, but they are always looking. The conductor communicates the beats of the measures, the tempo, the style of play you are to use, the volume you are to play at, signals for groups to come in or to stop laying, and many other thin... | [
"Because people think they are the best. Do you want to enumerate your concerns?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens when I suck in my stomach? Do my organs just get crushed or what's the deal | [
"There's little to no air inside you, other than your lungs. So you can't reduce the volume of your intestines, but you can move them elsewhere. When you suck in your stomach, notice that your ribs move. This sucks your insides up toward your chest cavity."
] | [
"My biology teacher explained this one to me. I'll try my best to translate this to English. Your intestine is a muscle. Your body cannot actually digest fibers. So what do your intestines do? They try to push it away as quickly as possible. The result? Your intestines grow stronger as a muscle! This keeps your int... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How lead (Pb) stops radiation | [
"Ionizing radiation is basically little particles flying off in all directions; it's not totally ridiculous to think of them as tiny bullets. Lead is very dense. Since the atoms are packed so close together, a particle has more chances to \"hit something\" and be absorbed before it makes it all the way through the ... | [
"They use the energy of the recharger to reverse the chemical process. Some chemical processes are reversible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does a deficiency in iron cause tiredness? | [
"Iron in your blood helps to carry oxygen throughout your body. Less iron means less oxygen, which means less energy."
] | [
"When you run a fever, your body tries to release sweat to cool itself. Your at risk for low fluid volume, especially if you have low body weight. Low fluid volume causes dehydration and may result in electrolyte imbalances Eli5: drink more water!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The hole in the ozone layer. | [
"Ozone has the chemical formula O*_3_*. It is constantly formed in our atmosphere. Ozone absorbs harmful UV light so it reduces the amount that reaches the ground. Hole isn't the best description really, there is a lot less of it over Antarctica and the southern parts of Earth. CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) can reac... | [
"To the area where the tide is high."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do people over 50 refer to Asians as 'Orientals'? | [
"Everything East of Europe used to be called the Orient. Europe used to be called Occident. Those from the Orient were referred to as Orientals. Somewhere along the line people, especially in the US, started thinking Oriental was a racist term. Elsewhere in the English speaking world it's frowned upon as being old... | [
"Its just a media thing, nothing more than a stereotype. Some men prefer blondes, some do not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What are the implications of a company trademarking common words? | [
"If you make an app game, you can't have a title of the game be similar to Candy Crush Saga. I believe they trademarked they phraise and not the words."
] | [
"One is referencing a commonly know item of culture the other results in detrimental action towards a set of people. The trick is figuring out which is which."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why couldn't 17 people swim away from the sinking duck boat in MO? | [
"These duckboats sink very quickly, because they are quite heavy. This feature has been known since they were invented in WWII. Unlike their WWII counterparts, these tourist boats have a roof to keep the sun off the passengers. When they sink, literally in seconds, the people can't fit out through the space between... | [
"Let's say you're near the southern tip of Florida... any chance of making an escape if this were to happen?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
When wealthy parents donate money to a university to get their kid admitted when he/she would otherwise have been rejected, how is it different from bribery? | [
"illegal bribery only applies to public officials. you can bribe a private individual all you want."
] | [
"Imagine a teacher at school offers private tutoring for money on weekends. This teach then fails the rich kids in an attempt to get money for tutoring them. By going against the rules and creating a problem, and profiting off the solution, they've become a racketeer. Organized crime often does this with embezzlem... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do people fidget or move a lot when they have to pee badly? | [
"Wasn't there this mechanism that blocks your bladder when you are being sexually stimulated? Might tie into that. Moving legs a lot/walking around to create friction down there, causing a false \"will bang\" alarm, preventing the pee."
] | [
"There are a lot of nerves in our faces. Stimulating these nerves helps to keep you awake. This is why you see babies doing this a lot when they are tired and don't want to go to sleep yet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do most large pride animals like flee instead of fighting few amount of enemies? | [
"In this case, walruses are much more agile in water than polar bears. Walruses also tend to be somewhat near water when on land. Over thousands of years, the species has \"learned\" that the odds of survival are much higher by running away than by trying to fight. Standing up to a predator like that would require ... | [
"Oh there is a simple explanation for this. Bears are the king of their land. They grow up being able to fight and kill anything in there area. Think about. Ever try to fight a bear? You will lose. It is a matter of pride to defeat any foe before them. Eventually some mature veteran fighting bears will run out of v... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If highly-skilled economists understand money so well, why aren't they all insanely wealthy? | [
"Because knowing what will probably happen does not mean you know exactly what will happen, when it will happen or if it even will happen at all. If you're an economist and you think that there is an economic bubble somewhere that will burst, does not mean that you know when that will happen and which companies exa... | [
"It's a bugaboo used by dishonest, cynical people to frighten the ignorant into voting against their own best interests, because most people can't balance a chequebook, let alone comprehend the difference between treasury bonds and a credit card."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why is it so difficult or complicated to get the right capital punishment lethal injection cocktail? It doesn't seem difficult at all. | [
"There are several factors in play. Finding a medical doctor, who has sworn to do no harm, to help design a drug to kill people is an issue. Another is the problem they've had with companies refusing to deliver (for moral reasons) the components they need to make the most efficient drugs. Then there is the \"Cruel ... | [
"Because congress passed a law that said it was simply not okay for health insurance, but did not pass such a law for car insurance. It may or may not really seem fair, but that's just the way it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What keeps the baby in the womb sterile? | [
"[They are not sterile](_URL_0_). But they *are* kept more generally germ-free than the rest of the body. The placenta filters out most things, much like the blood-brain barrier. Germs just simply have difficulty passing through the placenta. The mother's immune system also kills off a lot of the bugs that might be... | [
"It is a seam left over from when you were formed in your mothers womb."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are we using HDMI cables at all? When the signal is brought in via coaxial, why not have coaxial connections on our tv's for HD programming? | [
"You *could* do that. But a coaxial cable is essentially just one set of connections...signal in the center, surrounded by ground (return). If you want to send multiple signals simultaneously, you'd need to modulate a high frequency carrier wave to put onto the coax, then demodulate it and split out the different s... | [
"The video game system (and other external devices like a vcr) connected to the TV through the coaxial cable jack. At the time it was common for the TV to not have other inputs like A/V etc. So, the connector would make the signal come out in a way to be tuned on the TV, matching the same signal it would be looking... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How changing a trigonometric function affects the graph drawn? | [
"This isn't just trig functions, it works for any function at all. Start with a function f(x), and say you can draw its graph. Then: * f(2x) is the same graph, squeezed to half size horizontally. * 2f(x) is the same graph, stretched to double size vertically * f(x-1) is the same graph, shifted one unit right. * f(x... | [
"e is so special because the y coordinate of the function y=e^x at a certain point is also the slope at that point. So the slope at x=3 will be e^3. This property of e and the natural log are very useful when solving problems in calculus involving exponents and such."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If humans, especially males, are covered in hair, why don't we shower with shampoo instead of soap? | [
"If you're just talking about cleaning, then you don't even need shampoo. Soap will clean your hair just as well as shampoo will. Shampoo only exists because people care about the aesthetics of their hair or to treat a condition like dry scalp. If you cared as much about the shininess of your armpit hair or the sof... | [
"Shampoo is largely a scam. You only need a detergent to remove unnatural matter, like paint. Shampoo was invented by a fireman to help get ash out of his crew's hair after a fire. I haven't used shampoo in years and my hair has returned to it's natural state and it's not oily or smelly. Water is all you need. How... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How did team sports become such a massive influence on the education system? Specifically colleges. | [
"Money. Colleges & universities earn a lot of money from ticket sales, merchandise, and television/radio contracts. Also, an excellent performance in a sport -- even just once -- can mean an enormous positive financial impact for the institution. George Mason University has made a single Final Four appearance (in... | [
"It also has some of the most respected learning institutions in the country. Colleges tend to be liberal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
The newest change in Facebook privacy settings. Do they actually use my info/pictures/messages? Can they actually make my account public? | [
"This might be what you're talking about, and may help you. I'm not sure without more detail though. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Stuff you put on their website they can use/sell for advertisements. Now they need to ask for permission so they are updating the ToS."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If sites like megavideo can be shut down by FBI then why those websites won't move hosting outside US? | [
"My huge question is on what legal grounds they were shut down? They're just like youtube, they comply with DMCA. What the hell is the difference that made them get shut down?"
] | [
"pirate bay is the largest one. If governments can legally shut down TPB for good then they can use the same formula to go after everyone else."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a company know if their TV commercial has been successful? | [
"It depends. Some commercials that have phone numbers use a special one just for the commercial. Thus, any calls you get to that number are attributable directly to the commercial For others, they will look at purchase behavior before and after the commercial airs. If it goes up, it can be assumed to be due to the ... | [
"You already get the idea. The site sells ad space to a company that distributes the ads of its customers. The site only gets paid when the ad is viewed, regardless of if you click it or not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's so bad about Qatar hosting the world cup. | [
"Essentially, Qatar has no work force whatsoever, so they have to bring in workers from other countries to build the stadiums. The problem is, the workers they bring in are forced into work contracts they don't understand that literally keep them in Qatar forcibly. Workers live in terrible conditions and are not gi... | [
"Because China cares less about footie than the USA does."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do certain toys and boardgames have an upper age limit, usually 99. | [
"For games designed for very young children, the mechanics might not be engaging for those who are older. Candy Land is great for a 3-year-old to learn colors. Not so much fun for a 12-year-old. For those with a high limit such as 99, it's simply a lighthearted joke, as they usually say from 9 - 99. If 100-year-old... | [
"The same way it is not considered child endangerment/neglect to allow your 6 year old to see a rated R movie. Just because something has an age range does not make its particularly dangerous for people under that age..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How do monkeys know to peel a banana before eating it? | [
"Monkeys in the wild don't [generally] eat bananas. Captive monkeys will and it varies from species to species and from monkey to monkey. You can teach them to peal but most monkeys I know just eat the whole thing...they arn't picky."
] | [
"Pour a bunch of sugar on a piece of paper. Put the sugar and paper in your mouth and chew it. Once you don't taste any more sugar, spit the paper out. Do you think you just consumed some calories even though you didn't eat any paper? The answer is yes. Same concept applies to gum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what exactly is happening when my heart suddenly feels like it's having difficulty pumping for a few beats? | [
"It could be a number of things, but the most likely explanation is [heart palpitations](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"when you see someone you fancy you brain releases all sorts of chemicals but we will focus on the one you are asking about: epinephrine aka adrenaline. this chemical causes the heart to increase it's rate (fun fact: the brain does not tell the heart to beat, only to increase or decrease it's rate) this is because ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do antivirus apps work? What are the looking for when they “scan” our files? | [
"There are two primary methods for virus detection: signature-based and heuristics-based. A signature-based antivirus program looks at the files on your system and calculates a specific value based on the file's contents. It has a list of values that it knows correspond to viruses and other malware; if it sees one ... | [
"There are several iOS viruses out there, but they are extremely hard to get because of the controls iTunes and Apple puts on distribution of apps, any apps which pose a weakness hazard to iOS gets removed almost immediately, if they ever make it into the shop at all. Your computer on the other hand doesn't have th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do whales become beached? | [
"3 ways. 1. They swam to clsoe to shore and as they tried to get back they push themselves more and more upshore. 2. They are sick and drifted onto the shore line, and didnt have enough strength to get out. 3. They are dead and drifted onto shore, and got stuck"
] | [
"They have an exception for whale research. Did you know that if you harpoon a whale it'll die? We now know that thanks to Japan!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Marine biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Marine biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are interest rates for bank-funded credit (personal loans, credit cards, etc.) much higher than government bonds? | [
"You're comparing the cost of someone else lending you money (and thus absorbing all the risk of you defaulting) with you lending someone else money. Naturally, the interest rate to borrow money is going to be higher than the interest rate you're going to get from privately lending someone else your money - everyon... | [
"Consumer debt is the debt that everyday people have (credit cards, home loans, auto notes). It is differentiated from business debt (money borrowed to expand/run a business) and sovereign debt (money borrowed by governments by selling bonds) because the three have very different implications to an economy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are some babies born with a full head of hair and others born bald? | [
"I don't believe anyone *really* knows. Some say it's genetics or maternal hormones. Also, the hair on a newborn will (often) shed anyway within the first six months, due to the hormones the mother was providing dropping off (usually). Infants then go through a [telogen](_URL_0_) phase where there becomes an even m... | [
"They would dry up and fall off in a couple of days...just like the umbilical stub does. If you have ever been around a newborn, they still have a little of the cord attached. It naturally dies and falls off in a few days."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it some people can consume whatever they want and still be lean? | [
"While there must be some natural variation in the degree to which people process and metabolise fat-- in fact, genetic markers for predisposition to weight retention have recently been identified-- it always comes down to the amount of calories ingested relative to the body's needs and ability to metabolise fats, ... | [
"Because fat people are fat for a reason. They don't tend to walk around or do a lot of physical activity. That's why they gain weight."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's the best thing to do when pulled over while driving or arrested? | [
"I was just recently pulled over and the cop asked me: 1. \"Do you know why I pulled you over?\" Me: \"No mam\" 2. \"Do you know what the speed limit on xxxx is?\" Me: \"35 mam\" 3. \"Do you know how fast you were going?\" Me: \"no mam\" 4. \"You were going 50.\" (at this point i was like crap since i literally jus... | [
"It's not illegal. It actually depends on where you are really. For example, you can sleep in your car at a rest stop on the highway. What gave you the idea that it was illegal? Again, depending on where you are the police might stop to check on you and might tell you to move on, but you aren't going to get arreste... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can baby animals start walking basically immediately after their birth, but humans can't? | [
"Some species of animals are *precocial* which means they are relatively mature and mobile from the moment they are born (or hatched.) Humans are *altricial* which means our young are born pretty much helpless. But we are far from the only altricial species! Rabbits are born blind and hairless, for instance, which ... | [
"Actually, babies are remarkably capable of becoming good swimmers if you start them in infancy. It seems like an instinct we lose as we get older."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Since the F-35 program is such a mess, why can't the contract be nullified and the additional dollars be used to order more F-22s? | [
"Well, first off, the F-22 and F-35 are not the same type of aircraft, and we can't just substitute one for the other. They do different jobs, and are deployed differently. The navy cannot accept or deploy F-22s, for instance. Secondly, the machinery is in motion, and contracts have been signed."
] | [
"the top rated post does a great job on the details, but this is ELI5, so here goes: When countries (the US excluded) are buying planes for their military, they want to spend as little as possible while doing as much as possible. A multi-role fighter like the F-35 suits many missions and requires less support to de... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens to political campaign contributions when the candidate loses the primary? Who gets that money? | [
"States and local governments create their own rules. At the federal level the funds go to anything other than personal use... Typically donated to another candidate, party or charity."
] | [
"A campaign donation has limitations on how it can be used. You can't take a vacation to Maui with your campaign donations for example. A bribe has no limitations on how it can be used. It goes straight to your personal bank account."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why is it medically recommended that people try to reduce swelling if swelling is an important part of the healing process? | [
"First off, swelling causes pain. Secondly, the stretching and pressure that swelling causes can do some other minor harm. And can obscure other signs of a problem. But mostly it's less that swelling is part of healing, it's that swelling is a sign that something is wrong, and reducing the swelling is a sign that t... | [
"You, uh. You've built up the sympathetic nerve system and adrenaline release due to your excitement. This relaxes the airways and constricts arteries, the latter of which helps countering fluid accumulation in the tissues, especially in the upper respiratory tract. Personally I think checking if you need some all... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can magazines and other shows exposing celebrities be allowed to post photos or video feed of people without consent but other shows have to blur out people if they don't get consent? | [
"Under most State and Federal Privacy rights, a media organization can use your persona / image or make news articles about you for their own use if you are a considered \"of public interest.\" Thus, they can use any of their own photos because it is considered \"privileged.\" Whereas, a private citizen who is not ... | [
"If you could see the plate number in the picture, you could figure out who it is. Same as if you see a text and look up the phone number, you now have the identity of the person who said it. It is a courtesy to hide the identity of the person you took pictures of and protects you from implicating them in something... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are people scared by and fascinated with seemingly supernatural occurences? | [
"Basically? Evolution. Back in the day (the era of evolutionary adaptation) our ancestors that heard noises in the dark and assumed the worst (that must be a predator!) outlived the ones that just went back to bed. Long story short, we confuse correlation for causation, and draw connections where there are none."
] | [
"Cursed images are pictures the beg the five Ws: Who, what, when, where and why. They are usually creepy or downright disturbing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come the bombing of Hiroshima was never classed as a war crime? | [
"All parties in WWII engaged in extensive bombing of civilian infrastructure. In a war of that scale it's simply not feasible to try and pick out military targets embedded in cities and towns, it's faster and more effective to simply pummel a city (and anyone in it) into submission."
] | [
"a) Post WWII Nuremberg trials were very German centric. We also ignored Japan's war crime against China (Unit 731, Nanjing massacre, etc) & Korea, Russia's war crime against Germany (a lot of rapes), England's fire bombing of German cities, and many more. b) Nuclear bombs weren't a war crime at that time. No one g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how does an airline such as United go about recovering from losing half a days worth of flights? | [
"Airlines use a variety of tools to recover from irregular operations. The science behind most of these is called operations research. Recovering the crew and aircraft schedules along with the passenger re-accommodations is some hairy math. It's only been feasible to create combined solutions of all three with sof... | [
"You're looking at the wrong thing. Don't look at seats on a plane, look at financial statements. These companies are barely able to keep their heads above water because they are so cutthroat competitive with each other, so their margins are razor thin. And their greatest expense is also the most volatile - fuel. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we continually need to search for new porn to arouse us? What exactly is it that eventually drains all previous porn off its original arousability? | [
"Much in the same way we don't watch the same exact TV show episode daily, why we don't wear the same exact outfit daily, don't listen to the same song over and over in perpetuity or eat the same meal over and over in general. Your mind does not derive any more stimulation due to over saturation. The mind generally... | [
"The fetish serves a stimulus. This stimulus sends a lot of the pleasure feeling chemical called dopamine to the brain, which results in a high level of arousal for that person."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Do high price exotic "trophy hunts" actually aid in wildlife preservation? | [
"In theory, the hunter pays a lot of money to the park. Park then allows him to hunt down older animal or animal that is a danger to people. Money is then used to run or improve the park. In reality there is risk for corruption of the park rangers (these exotic animals live in areas notoriously known for corruption... | [
"It wouldn't be worth it. Elephants take *decades* to grow to maturity, kind of like humans, and consume enormous amounts of food and water, not to mention their requirements for space. The price you'd have to set for their tusks would be so large, that people would just poach them anyway, like they do today. A bet... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What is the impact of the radiation from Fukushima on North Americans living on the west coast? Are the foods we eating really poisoning us? | [
"No. The levels of radiation that are affecting any foodstocks are tiny. You could get more radiation exposure by eating a banana."
] | [
"The amount of radioactive substance being released into the water is negligible when compared to the amount of water in the oceans. Locally to the power plant it's an issue, but for most of the rest of the world, it's not a big deal. Any radioactivity should be very diluted before it gets too far."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
[LI5]: How does Hinduism work? No dumbed down Buddhist explanations plz. Those aren't the same. | [
"Inside the body of every living is a **soul**. The **soul** is like the inside of your head, like when you read to yourself. Hindus believe that this **soul** never dies. It just picks a new **body** when your current body gets too old or you have an accident and pass away. And this new **body** can be any living ... | [
"Atheist: \"I have no reason to believe in a god, so I don't\" Agnostic: \"One cannot know whether or not a god exists.\" Secular: \"Decisions should be made without reference to religious beliefs\" Edit: Thanks for the gold! Great discussion, I'm enjoying reading people's different takes on this."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some programs "not respond" but look perfectly fine? | [
"The window rendering on your monitor is only part of the program. If one of the background functions fails, like fetching the next song from a server, the program can hang up while it waits for the operation to complete. In that case the window is fine, the buttons might even still work to let you close or minimi... | [
"Actual ELI5: Because the programs are busy doing things, and if you click shut down they get a chance to finish what they are doing. If you hold the power button down they get cut off in the middle, which can mess things up if they are doing something important."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Technology:"
} |
Why does being alone feel bad? What chemical in our brain stops flowing when we don't socialize sufficiently? | [
"Oxytocin is part of it. Oxytocin (not to be confused with oxycodone the narcotic) is a hormone responsible for social bonding that is released when you touch other people. Cuddling and hand holding or other types of touch (yes, definitely sex) cause your body to release oxytocin which makes you feel good. Oxytoci... | [
"It's been associated with a decrease in dopamine levels in the brain, so in short, we are more likely to do so when we're bored. It's like a release in tension. When we are actively doing something, or paying attention willingly to something, it doesn't happen at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Net Neutrality and Netflix | [
"Net neutrality is isps giving equal treatment to all content on the Internet. Netflix is worried about it because they're not owned by a cable company, unlike hulu, one of their competitors. Comcast could decide to throttle all traffic on Netflix to make it unwatchable, forcing everyone in the area to use hulu ins... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do bugs happen in two verisons of the exact same game, program or whatever, and what causes thes bugs to not happen to everyone? | [
"Games are, simply put, a collection of lines of code, telling the computer what to do you in different situations. One of the main thing a code does is check if something (generally a variable) matches the requirement to proceed. Example : The code check if the variable HealthPoints of your character is above 50 ... | [
"Because it is very easy to write into the code of an exe file the ability to update. It is extremely tedious to recompile code into an exe file every time an update is pushed. Especially when you consider updates that come out immediately after major patches that fix bugs. It makes no sense to release a new exe e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The Green (sometimes Blue) Eyed Prisoner (sometimes Islander)Problem | [
"If there is only one blue eyed person, then they know there are no other blue eyed people. The visitor says there is one, and they know there is one, and that it must be them (because nobody else has blue eyes). If there are two blue eyed people, then they both know there is only one other blue eyed person. They k... | [
"Check out Robert E. May's *Manifest Destiny's Underworld*."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is there any reason we can't make computer cases airproof and make a vacuum inside to act as a cooler? | [
"If my understanding is accurate, vacuum would work as an isolator, not a medium to dissipate heat. It would make your CPU radiate heat, like stars do, but the temperature on the surface would have nowhere to go making your CPU fry right away."
] | [
"You said it yourself: Pressure. Heat goes in. Pressure goes up. Heat comes out. Pressure goes down. There is an upper limit on how fast any cooling system can get heat out. If the rate at which you put heat in exceeds the rate at which you can move it out... pressure keeps building until one of two things happens:... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
"V-sync" in reference to video games. | [
"Your monitor refreshes at a certain speed (usually 60Hz or 120Hz). The game updates at a different speed (the framerate, which can very depending on your card). If the game is updating faster than the monitor, you can end up with a situation where the top half of the monitor shows one frame and the bottom half sho... | [
"HDR are done by shader who are calculated on the GPU. Invalid question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do countries need so many nukes, isn't ten enough? | [
"For countries like Russia and America, who are operating under the MAD assumption, if the situation is bad enough to justify using a nuke, you don't want ten, you want enough to make sure that absolutely everyone in the other country is dead. And you want to be able to do it even after potentially suffering a crip... | [
"They are allies with China. China has nuclear weapons. We don't mess with their allies, and they don't mess with ours (like Taiwan). North Korea also have a lot of artillery pointed at one of our allies, South Korea, ready to fire at any moment."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What exactly is it that gives a car its 'new car smell and why is it that the smell disappears over time?' | [
"It's the off-gassing of carpet, upholstery, vinyl, glues etc. Same as a house if you install new flooring and such. Once the VOC's dissipate, the smell goes too"
] | [
"It's because the sense of smell gets exhausted easily and you might become accustomed to it. For the same reason, you might not smell your own perfume after a few hours, but other can smell just fine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is that a browser needs 5-10 million lines of code? | [
"A browser needs to understand, and interpret, the various commands and files that web servers send; web pages are instructions for your browser on how to put together the text, images, videos, and menus, for you to see and interact with. You can right-click or go through the menus and you'll see an option to \"vie... | [
"1. Badly designed software un-installation mechanisms on windows 2. Increasing complexity of newer versions of the same software 2. Perception of slowness from looking at newer faster computers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is the difference between 'Gifted' students and regular students? | [
"Regular students do well, and generally don't have any problems. Gifted students do well, and always finish half an hour earlier than the rest of the class. Then they sit there bored and get annoyed that other people are so slow"
] | [
"Do you have any programming experience at all?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
how were shadows burned into the walls in hiroshima? | [
"The objects blocked the radiation from damaging the surface behind them, the area around the objects were unblocked and therefore damaged. The shadows weren't burned, everything else was."
] | [
"What color is the skin of most of the people who make and utilize those drawings? Theres your answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why isn't there a designated Sunday for Easter? Why does it change up every year? | [
"The date of Easter is the first Sunday after the first full moon of spring. This is because the date is based off the Hebrew Calendar, not Gregorian calendar."
] | [
"It's not held on Sunday because they didn't want it to interfere with the Sabbath. It's not held on Monday because many people required a whole day to travel to their polling station by horse. So it's Tuesday."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
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