query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How angel investing and venture capital works | [
"Angel investors are generally investing *their own money* in an organization, whereas a venture capital firm is investing *other people's money*, money that other people have invested in the venture capital fund. As such, venture capitalists tend to have more money to invest, and therefore *do* typically invest mo... | [
"Originally it was venture capital. But with all of their tie-in events, a lot of it is coming from advertisers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
What happened to Ebola? | [
"The epidemic died down. Ebola is not a particularly infectious disease, requiring direct contact with the bodily fluids of a victim to transmit. Thus, once proper containment could be done, the amount of infections dropped. The diseases is still slowly continuing in Liberia, but a vaccine has been developped, and ... | [
"Well except for Canada, right? Toronto Blue Jays."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
The complete story of Kingdom Hearts. | [
"Oh goodness. Ill try to get on tomorrow and help out. I've been waiting years for this moment. edit: [THIS](_URL_0_) is my WIP. im in school but will update as soon as possible."
] | [
"The creator of the typeface names it whatever they want."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If I persuaded someone to commit suicide and the police found out. Could they charge me with anything? | [
"Please don't convince someone to commit suicide. Instead, recommend them the U.S. Suicide hotline # 1-800-273-8255 - Open 24/7"
] | [
"You could probably still be arrested for intent, even if you didn't actually mean to go through with it, since only you know whether or not you truly intended to do it. The way the law works, appearance is most of what matters, so if it appears that you intended to do it, then you're guilty. On the other side, who... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does the "Meta" in Video Games develop? | [
"The developers can make changes to the game to steer it in the direction that they want it to go, but for the most part it's a top-tier-player made thing. They figure out what is THE most efficient thing to do and then do it because if they're anything less than perfect, they will lose. Using Overwatch for example... | [
"The single technical term for this would be 'Fucked Up'"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What would be the repercussions if the US removed all its troops from other countries. | [
"Our current basing structure is mostly strategic to protect our global interests, but also political. We help stabilize local governments, ensure any foreign aid is spent properly, gather intelligence, and provide security for our people there (embassies, contractors, etc). If we were to pull out, we would lose t... | [
"You made the mistake of thinking that the primary intention of the US government when going to other countries is to promote freedom."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is it easier to balance something on your finger when it's rotating (like balancing a spinning basketball on your finger) compared to when it is stationary? | [
"Top comment from march 2015 when this was asked: (answer by u/Toppo) Every object keeps continuing its movement until there is an opposing force preventing that motion. When the basketball is spinning, the spinning is force in motion, which keeps its resisting change to its position. When you put a ball to spin, i... | [
"Normally, the way we balance is by splitting our weight between both our legs. Now, when you try to balance any other way (e.g., standing on one foot, or one foot in front of the other), you'll make all kinds of micromovements to compensate for your center of gravity no longer pointing at where you expect legs to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
Why do pirates still exist? | [
"If you mean software pirates - because software, music, movies, TV costs money and is available online. If you mean actual pirates - because we still ship almost everything with boats, and the cargo of a ship can be worth billions."
] | [
"What's a Tory, and why do so many people seem to hate them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What are the "ports" that make machines, hardware and software, vulnerable to malicious attack? | [
"Well ports are a specific thing, and they aren't inherently secure or insecure. A port is, you might say, like the mailboxes in an apartment building. The machine might be running 5 different services so how do you send a message to the right system on the machine? You bind it to a specific port and tell traffic f... | [
"C2 is short for \"C & C\", which is short for \"command and control.\" Command and control addresses are regular IP addresses/hostnames to servers that command and control botnets, viruses, malware, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did people not get radiation poisoning when drinking from glasses made of Uranium? | [
"That glass is not \"made from\" uranium, it's \"made **with**\" uranium. The glass has a small amount of uranium in it. And yes, it's radioactive, but not at a level that would kill you immediately. There was quite a fad for radioactive glass and such, and it's possible that it caused some cancers over time, but t... | [
"A long time ago it actually was made of lead. Then we found out how bad that was for us and changed it to graphite."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Chemistry:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Chemistry:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't hackers or somebody erase student loan debt? | [
"Banks hire very very good programmers and security experts to set up defences and monitor security. For the vast majority of people with the skills to break into these systems they are better off just getting a job working for a bank or Microsoft or the government then to pull stunts like wiping out debt. If someo... | [
"Money There are several ways to make money by infecting a computer : Encrypting peoples files and demanding money in order to unlock the files. Use the computer alongside many other computers in the future to take down websites. They of coerce charge for this and you can rent this network of computers per minute/... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how does microwave "crispy" cardboard work? | [
"The little piece of cardboard is lined with a metallic material called a \"susceptor\". Normally, microwave ovens shoot the food with microwave radiation, exciting the molecules in the food and making it hot. What a susceptor does is absorb some of the microwave radiation and convert it to direct heat. This makes ... | [
"Yeah, all food is microwaveable (well, unless it has gold or silver leaf in it as some pastries may). Non-microwaveable cookware absorbs microwave radiation and so it'll get hot, and also prevent the food from getting hot. That's all. Microwaveable cookware generally does not absorb much microwave radiation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do sodas taste different if I get them from a restaurant or gas station soda machine than getting one in a bottle or can? | [
"Bottled stuff is mixed at the factory using only filtered water and at the right ratio. It's their business to get those two things right so they check it constantly and adjust as needed. I believe they typically use reverse osmosis filtering and then add in salt to get the right flavor of water (Coca-Cola basical... | [
"Because is costs them money to bring that signal to you. Why does a gas station charge you 99 cents for a bottle of water when it falls out of the sky for free?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Entertainment:"
} |
Can someone explain the trade deal that Obama is trying to push through? What is it, and why do a lot of democrats not like it? | [
"Trans Pacific Partnership is a large corp sponsored bill. With most of its negotiations and contents being kept secret. If that doesn't already make you feel strange. Its job on top of Pacific Free Trade is international Copy Right and Piracy Laws. It forces each signer to recognize a lot of international over sit... | [
"The Trans-Pacific Partnership is a trade agreement that is still under negotiation, and has been for years. No details will be released until the treaty is finalized. Then, it will be submitted to the senate for ratification. I wouldn't worry about it until the voting process begins. For now, it's just a conversat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do guys' physical strength decrease after they ejaculate? | [
"It doesn't. It seems like it does, because we prefer to relax afterwards. Most men experience a refractory period immediately after having an orgasm, during which it is hard to achieve another erection/ejaculation. It feels like a deep and pleasurable sense of tingling felt in the groin and thighs. We still feel... | [
"Your brain releases chemicals when you ejaculate: norepinephrine, serotonin, oxytocin, vasopressin, nitric oxide, and prolactin. These chemicals change how you think and what you want. I bet you don't want to ejaculate again right after you ejaculate, right?...right?..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
what is happening in my brain when I'm trying to fight off sleep while doing something then something startles me and suddenly I'm totally alert | [
"I believe its a rudimentary response, like the Moro Reflex which is displayed when infants are attempting to sleep. When they (the newborn) are just starting to nod off, they are easily startled. When they are well asleep, practically no noise can wake them. (Touching and/or moving them are another thing altogeth... | [
"Sleep paralysis. You don't have any strength in your dreams because your body is actually incapable of moving. This happens to me all the time. I'll be in some normal dream, standing around, but once I want to run or move or fight, my body feels like its being dragged through Arkansas mud. Your brain activity whil... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some swear words considered worse than others? | [
"Your basic question is: why do words mean different things? They have different histories, have different basic meanings, and are used in different ways--so it makes sense that they would be interpreted differently."
] | [
"Curse words are censored in order to make the show more appealing to a wider audience, which in turn makes these shows more appealing for advertising. Some people find curse words to be upsetting or they don’t want their kids hearing them. As for how curse words came about I’m not sure how they originated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Linguistics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Linguistics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Linguistics:"
} |
When someone makes a weld, why are there sometimes colors that show up on the weld itself? What do they mean? | [
"The colors you are seeing are the metal tempering at different temperatures. If you heat iron (not metal in general, just steel really) to a certain degree, it actually changes color. Then you can \"set\" that color by cooling the metal to room temp. Colors for steel range from straw-purple if I recall correctly. ... | [
"When you heat stainless steel like that, the thickness of the chromium oxide that coats the outside of the steel and makes it stainless changes. The heat grows the layer. The layer reflects light differently based on how thick it is, so you get a rainbow effect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If TV Shows make the bulk of their money through syndication, why not let all TV shows reach 100 episodes? | [
"If it has low ratings in early episodes, that means nobody's watching it. Why get struggle to 100 episodes then syndicate where even less people will watch it?"
] | [
"It's all about paying for the shows and movies, which movies cost more. TV shows make money on their respective networks when aired because of advertisements etc. and movies are sales oriented."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does uranium glass glow green under a black light? | [
"Do you know how a laser works? It's pretty similar to that. Take an atom. Adding the correct kind of energy causes the electrons to get excited and (I may be getting the physics here wrong, but this is how I recall it) those excited electrons move to a higher orbit. Those electrons don't want to be in the higher ... | [
"There is a gas inside the bulb that emits more in the ultra-violet spectrum than normal bulbs. The bulb is coated so that it the UV radiation doesn't give you cancer. Objects painted with pigments that are fluorescent glow. There's some compound in the paint or dye that absorbs the UV and remits it as visible ligh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do colour-changing markers work? | [
"Chew a blackberry and spit a little in the sink, you'll see it's purple. Bite off a bit of Arm & Hammer (or other bicarbonate of soda), and spit again, now it's a blackish colour. This is an example of how colours can be changed by adding another chemical. Pens are the same, with different chemicals mixing and pro... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do we get goosebumps when we hear a really good song? | [
"This is what I found because I too was very curious and did not want to wait for an answer . (I found the article to be very ELI5.) [frisson](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Think of it like a guitar and a trumpet playing the same note. Would you still be able to tell the difference?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does copyright work? | [
"Everything you create automatically has copyright on it. As in no one can just take and use things you create. If you draw an image, take a photo, write a book or write a song, you have copyright on that creation. Trade mark is an entirely different thing. Trade mark is an identification of a product or company. F... | [
"Monopoly or Oligopoly and Cartel behaviors along with a broken copyright system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Socrates arguments for the immortality of the soul and the cycle of opposites argument | [
"The ELI5 is that we assume that the soul is the opposite of the body, and since the body is mortal, the soul is not mortal. As for why he would just assume that the soul is the opposite of the body, I think the relative looseness of his reasoning probably had something to do with his plans for the following day."... | [
"At the very least 380 BC since that this is one of the major topics discussed in the first parts of Plato's Republic. It is hard think of a Western period where it was not accepted. What else would be the point of rulership? Even when people believed in divine rights, they believed God told kings to rule the peopl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did this comic book hero craze start? It seems like there have been 4-5 movies per year since the 2010s began | [
"X-men in 2000 was judged as a commercial success as were its follow up films. This prompted Marvel to make the Spiderman series, which was also pretty successful. These were the films that really kicked off the modern craze."
] | [
"Comic book stores have *always* been a niche market. And in fact, comics are a lot more mainstream today than they were in the past, thanks to the advent of blockbuster superhero movies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do manufacturers make pure white paint? | [
"White paint is generally made with a chemical called Titanium Dioxide. Its used because it is [very white](_URL_0_) and cheap."
] | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are girls almost always freezing cold when guys feel the temperature is comfortable? | [
"There was an earlier ELI5 thread about a simillar question, a biologist debunked the so called \"evolutionary\" reasons that people often conjure up (females release heat to protect their babies, males hunt so they evolved to conserve heat). This is pseudo-science. If I had to take a chance at it, I would say the... | [
"I can't speak for everyone, but in my case, when the rest of me is comfortable, my feet are freezing, and I can't sleep if my feet are cold."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is my nose remain stuffy even though I just blew my nose? | [
"Because it's not just the snot stuffing your nose but also the inner lining of your nose swelling up with blood and blocking the airway. Decongestants work by blocking the blood vessels in the nose to stop the swelling."
] | [
"Ear nose and throat are all connected. When I got my tonsils removed my throat hurt like hell. Then my ears began to hurt. Could not for the life of me understand why."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The difference between single-payer healthcare and Medicare for all | [
"Single Payer Healthcare means all health care costs are paid by one entity, like the provincial (state) government in Canada. That entity may get its money from other sources (in Canada the Federal government and a health care tax all working Canadians pay). It doesn't have to be the provincial government, it coul... | [
"Medicare = government-provided medical aid for seniors Medicaid = government-provided medical aid for the poor The former is for all people that are 65 or over, the latter is only for those that qualify. Some have considered expanding medicaid to the point where it eventually becomes universal health care, but it'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
The difference between increasing your heartbeat with caffeine and increasing it with exercise. | [
"Ahoy, matey! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why is cardio exercise good for your body, while using stimulant drugs is bad for it? They both increase your heart rate and make your body work so isn't taking the stimulants just a form of exercise for your heart/body? ](_URL_0_) ... | [
"Caffeine requires more intake to feel the positive effects after regular use. Caffeine, however, always raises blood pressure. Maybe stop drinking coffee for a week and start again."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it that we can sometimes 'fall back' into a dream after we've already woken up? | [
"Consider that sometimes you remember your dreams and sometimes you don't. Usually, when you do remember them, you are not done dreaming for that night (to put it scientifically: you are still in your REM-cycle). As you go back to sleep, your you pick up the REM-sleep again. Maybe it is just the easiest way to do t... | [
"There is no way for you to tell whether you also had other dreams earlier. And it's even hard to be sure whether you awoke during a dream, or the dream halted and then you awoke."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why we seemingly reminisce about bad health and safety? - People often talk in find terms of how they used to work and how dangerous it was, I myself do this - but why do we miss the old, dangerous ways of doing things? | [
"I'm only 26 so I can't really say anything about how I used to do dangerous work...but I can imagine that people who used to have jobs that were considered \"dangerous\" or \"hazardous\" to their health were probably very skilled in that line of work. Of course new technology and machinery has more than likely rep... | [
"Because gradually people are becoming more open and accepting of discussing mental illness, so it seems more common when the general population assess their own mental state in a more open minded manner. It has always been this common, but people didn't talk about it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Skeletal formulas of chemical compounds and how to read them. | [
"Assuming you already know basic (high-school level) chemistry, skeletal formulas are pretty simple. Basically, because organic compounds have so many carbon and hydrogen atoms in them, we are abbreviating them to make the important structures more obvious. Every line represents a C-C bond. Each vertex represents a... | [
"This is typically used for organic chemicals. A big part of organic chemistry is knowing how the reactions work, because they are typically reasonably reliable. A very useful property is certain reactions will only occur on specific parts of the molecule. Chemists get an idea of what they want before they know how... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do capacitive and resistive touch screens work? | [
"Like you're 5: Resistive touch screens need to physically depress two pieces of electronically conductive material together then a computer pin points where they touched. Capacitance relies on the electrical conductivity in your finger. Which is why a wet hot dog will work and a pencil eraser won't."
] | [
"Your typical smartphone uses a Capacitive touchscreen, these screens have a small electric field on the surface of the phone. When your finger interrupts that field it can figure out its location and thus tell the info to the phone. Gloves to not conduct electricity and thus the phone cannot detect them, special g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why would a TV network ever air episodes out of order? | [
"Three possible reasons: 1) The show is on the verge of cancilation and the network decides to air the more exciting and action-packed episodes first in the hope of capturing more viewers. i.e. Firefly, FOX thought the original pilot of was to cerebral so they showed the more actiony episode two first. 2) Something... | [
"Because they're different. Why do UK late night talk shows only air once a week?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How exactly does recording and playing back sound work? | [
"Sound is pressure waves in the air. You use a microphone that contains a gadget (there's a few different types) that converts those pressure changes to electric current. Now typically this is very little current because sound does not contain all that much energy to begin with, so you send it through an amplifier.... | [
"Theoretically it can, its just very difficult, inefficient. And time consuming. While you can program each note into the computer its much easier to just use a midi keyboard."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What would happen if I individually printed and released a huge amount of cash into a country's economy? | [
"$100m? Nothing. The GDP of the US is about $17 trillion. $100m is a drop in the bucket."
] | [
"Just to clarify, in modern world only a fraction of currency in use has physical coins or bills to back it up. Most of it is just digital. So basically instead of asking about some hypothetical, you're asking how modern world operates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is the significance of being able to slow or stop light? | [
"If you're not a pure-research scientist, there's absolutely none. It's really important to remember that it's *quite impossible* to \"slow or stop light.\" Yes, I know, you read about somebody doing that on the Internet. But you were misled. Light cannot be slowed or stopped. It's just possible to construct materi... | [
"They travel at the speed of light, because they are a form of light."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How did civilisations deal with human waste before the invention of sewage systems? | [
"It's worth noting that Humans has sewage and sanitation for thousands of years. That said, it really depends on the civilisation and population size. With a small population it's not really a big deal. **That** said, there were any civilisations and cultures where the answer to that question is \"Badly\". As in ... | [
"The main problem with household water usage is not actually black water - the water that carries human waste from your toilet to the sewage system - but grey water. Grey water is the water that runs into the sewage system from your kitchen sink, your laundry machine, your shower, etcetera. This water is, albeit no... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How did colonists communicate/negotiate with newly discovered people without translators? | [
"Sorry, I don't know other than *pointing at rock* \"R-O-CK\". Although, fun fact: Kangaroos are named as such because British settlers asked the aborigines what these weird bouncing things were and they replied with \"Kangaroo\" it means \"I don't know what you're saying."
] | [
"Did the US ever attempt the systematic genocide of Native American people? No. Did the US: * Make treaties with tribes and then dishonor them and end up forcing the natives onto reservations where they would have no economic opportunity? * consistently make war with tribes in the US' relentless push Westward? * In... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are 'Zeros' or 'X-Intercepts' also called roots in a polynomial function? | [
"The roots of the example equation you gave are -3,2 & 3. This means that if you simplify the equation to its most basic form (root), the equation is (x-3)(x-2)(x+3)=0"
] | [
"Graph each separately (this may involve rearranging the formula to be in the form \"y=\"). Then where they intersect are the solutions that work for both formula at the same time. Try /r/learnmath for more help."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
what will happen if you talk to your infant/toddler exclusiey like an adult (i.e. Not using baby-talk)? | [
"Friend of mine did this. Mothers a deadbeat so he's raising his son. Always talked to him like he's a real adult human being but with simplified explanations to account for his less complex comprehension. He explains everything carefully & quite in depth. Always answers his questions. Even through the \"why\" pha... | [
"Because babies or pets don't understand the language, so communicating by making funny sounds (like the baby or pet make sounds) makes more sense. Some people go as far as to imitate a foreigners language, even the mistakes they make when speaking.(example: foreigner asks\"where is store?\" and some people might ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Can egg-laying animals (everything from insects to reptiles, etc.) have miscarriages? If so, what would that even mean, and how did we ever find out about it? | [
"Yes. These are when the egg is fertilized but fails to hatch. You find out about it when you find an egg that has a partially developed embryo in it. That would have been something common when everyone raised chickens."
] | [
"Yes, they can \"get sick.\" There are many viruses which specifically infect bacteria which are collectively called bacteriophages. Also, a cell, just like our big collection of cells, can just generally run into problems or get damaged. It's not just they're alive or they're dead. Bacteria can't really have aller... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Health and Medicine:"
} |
Why were we able to tame and ride animals such as horses, but not something like a buffalo? | [
"_URL_0_ all your questions will be answered as to taming and riding of Buffaloes, I think you will find it very informative."
] | [
"In Africa animals had a lot more time to adjust to humans than in other places. They learned eventually to avoid humans. Australia used to be full of weird giant animals, but by the time humans made it to Australia they were already master hunters. Humans wiped out most of Australia's big animals in a very short a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are sidewalks divided into squares? Wouldn't it be faster to pour long blocks of concrete instead? | [
"Those 'cracks' between the squares are for structural relief - so the concrete/cement can expand and contract without cracking for real"
] | [
"The asphalt of the road is a lot less dense than the concrete of the sidewalk, making it less painful to run on!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Do Republicans really not care about the poor? | [
"Many Republicans (and some Democrats) believe in self-responsibility - the idea that you are mostly responsible for where you end up in life. This is tied in to American notions of the individualism. These people tend to be more open to arguments that poor people are lazy - that if they worked harder they would be... | [
"The American government does not care what the rest of the world thinks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Game of Thrones/Song of Ice and Fire | [
"ASoIaF seems to be popular because it's a darker take on medieval fantasy type plots? Characters are morally ambiguous and the entire series is very cynical. This is against general medieval-ly fantasy$ which tend to fall towards clear cut characters. GoT is popular because it's a well made series with an excelle... | [
"Has someone been reading A Song of Ice and Fire?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
in very warm climates how does tap water stay cold? | [
"tap water is not temperature controlled but because the water pipes are buried, they aren't as affected by amibient temps"
] | [
"all water you will come in contact with on a daily basis has living things in it. genuinely pure H2O is difficult enough to get that even chemists put up with this nonesense. once the water stops moving, the cultures are better able to grow, which is why green crap doesn't come out of your sink."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does beer make us pee so often. | [
"Alcohol reduces the production of a hormone called vasopressin which tells the kidneys to reabsorb water as opposed to allowing it to pass into the bladder. Alcohol strongly increases the production of urine to the point that for every unit of alcohol consumed urine production will be increased ten times that amou... | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When people do colorations of old black and white pictures, does one shade of grey correspond to one color? | [
"No, its mostly just guess work. Things like historic locations, or uniforms we have a reference for, otherwise its just what the artist thinks looks right. It isnt just done with some kind of colorizing function, its really a lot like a children's coloring book, they just fill in what looks best."
] | [
"It's basically painting a transparent picture on top of the black-and-white, and the B/W image provides much of the shading. In the days before photoshop, you had actual transparent inks with limited tints to choose from, and that's why old hand-colorized photos often look more cartoony. Now, you can pick from a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't they put covers/grates on jet engines so birds don't fly in them | [
"Any covers strong enough and with a tight enough mesh to actually protect against damage that the engines can't already handle would be very heavy and very restrictive of airflow. The fuel efficiency, thrust, and cargo restrictions they would give you - never mind the R & D, testing, manufacture, and installation ... | [
"It's all depends on where the collision occurs. A hit to the fuselage would probably just scratch it a little, considering how flimsy most commercial drones are. However, if it got sucked into the intake of the engine, then things may be a little problematic. Birds get sucked into jet engines from time to time, an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do wireless headphones reduce sound quality? | [
"Think of it like the telephone game. For wired and wireless, you have your source (audio file) that knows the music. It tells the next person, who tells the next person, who tells the next person, who finally tells the speaker what to say. Less people means it's easier to win! When you take a signal from wired to ... | [
"Noise cancellation do what they say, cancel outside noise. So, you don't need to raise your volume so much that it could damage your ears. Look up: Ear damage from earphones."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
Where did the custom of football commentators, especially Spanish speaking ones, dragging out the "o" in goal come from? | [
"If you are going to yell a one-syllable word for a long time because you're HAAAAPPYYYYYYYYYYYYYY, you have three choices in spanish: ¡GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGOL! which makes you sound like you have a stutter. ¡GOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOL! which makes the word sound long and nice ¡GOLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL! which sounds awful. Yel... | [
"It's a filler that indicates you're still thinking of what to say next. It often becomes a habit, as an absence of saying anything may allow someone else to interject and thus disrupt what you're trying to say. As a random useless fact, different languages have different filler words. As I recall, some Chinese use... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do streets without traffic lights work? How do people not constantly get into wrecks? | [
"There is a town in Holland, Drachten, where they REMOVED all traffic lights and traffic signs. The city planners thought that people would be a lot more careful if they didn't know what car or bike or pedestrian was going to come from where and whether it would stop or not. And they were right! Cars started drivin... | [
"It would be a liability to have pedestrians in a lane built for cars to travel through. If they allowed people to do it they would be responsible when someone got run over."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we have a standard for video (4K, 1080, NTSC, etc) but no standards for audio levels? | [
"Saying there should be a standard volume for audio is like saying there should be a standard brightness for video. The change in volume is critical to providing context for the sound in such a way that it elicits emotion from the person hearing it in the way the director intended it to be. That said, there is a \... | [
"Base video quality standards for a long time was approx 320 x 240 (4:3), sometimes 352 x 240 (4:3'ish) (VCDs, TV) Afterwards we moved to DVD, which was 720 x 480 (3:2). From there, we moved to 720p broadcast, 1080p broadcast, and 1080p video (BluRay). 720p is 1280 x 720 (16:9) - > 1980 x 1080 is 50% more lines of ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If crumple zones in cars are safer than rigid frames then why do race-cars have rigid frames? | [
"It's inaccurate to say that crumple zones are always safer than rigid frames -- it depends very much based on the type of collision and the position of the passengers. In a racecar, the type of collision and the position of the passenger is pretty consistent -- the driver is strapped in like an astronaut. It's bee... | [
"Government crash test safety regulations have had a massive effect on the design of cars, far more so than aerodynamics. The tall doors, narrow windows, thick pillars, blunt front ends, and high rears that define virtually every sedan these days are largely to pass crash tests."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If anonymous is just an idea, then what are these social media accounts and websites. | [
"Groups that loosely identify with the ideas behind anonymous and band together to act upon those ideas and/or people who like Guy Fawkes masks."
] | [
"Anonymous does not refer to any specific group. That's why it's called anonymous. Any one person can be anonymous, so therefore anonymous has done plenty of things. What I remember anonymous for is closing the pool"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How is the Criterion Collection able to restore movies that are 50 plus years old to Blu Ray quality? | [
"35mm film still has more detail contained on it than any digital camera can capture. It captures far more texture and nuance, this is why some directors (Tarantino being a popular example) still use \"real\" film. This is comparable to the old records vs. digital format debate in audio recordings. Celluloid film... | [
"Many old TV shows and movies were shot on celluloid film. It has a great picture but the networks broadcast the shows digitally. Digital tech wasn't what it is today 15+ years ago thus greatly decreasing the quality of the picture. Now that digital HD has caught up to Celluloid more or less, the broadcasts can loo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
how do irrational numbers like π and √2 exist in practice? | [
"Irrational numbers exist, they're a finite value. It's just that we can't represent that value as a ratio of two integers, or a fraction. Decimal notation is just a sum of many fractions (A/1 + B/10 + C/100 etc). Don't read too much into the idea of a number being \"infinitely long.\" It just means that there is ... | [
"e is not just another number. It is unique, because it is the only number such that when you graph e^x, the slope of each point on the curve is exactly equal to the y coordinate. It turns out, having this property is super useful for other things in math, to the point that e is considered one of the fundamental co... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can siblings look so drastically different? | [
"Actually they don't. A human and a rhinoceros look drastically different. Every human being looks very much like every other human being. Siblings even more so. The difference is that we are trained to pick up on the minute differences in faces and body types to identify each other. We do it more in our close gro... | [
"Identical twins? No. Fraternal twins? Yes. They would be half-siblings despite sharing a womb."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does America have so many more police shootings than other first world countries? | [
"This is a tough question to answer because every shooting is different. Like other people answering I haven't done research on this subject but anecdotally I would point to the following as a contributing reason. The drug war. The US seems to be much more aggressive at treating drug offenses as serious criminal ma... | [
"Why does Thailand make such a big deal about drugs compared to America? Edit: research the drug laws in some APAC countries like Indonesia, Thailand, etc and you will find that America's drug laws are actually very relaxed in comparison."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why would exercise like cardio stress my heart in a “good” way when drugs like cocaine stress it in a damaging way? | [
"I might be incorrect, but I think I remember this correctly. The reason your heart races when you exercise is that your muscles need more oxygen in the same time. So the blood vessels grow, blood pressure drops, and heart rate increases. Drugs make your heart race for a different reason. Muscles need the regular... | [
"It's good to raise your heart rate with exercise because when you rest your heart rate should be slower than if you don't exercise. Having a high resting heart rate is not sign of good health. Energy drinks don't give you a slower heart rate when you are resting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does breath stink if you don't eat? | [
"If you're talking about acetone breath, it is because in prolonged periods of hunger the body uses up all of it's glucose storages ( the preferred energy source) and after that starts using fats. The fats have to be broken down to ketones to be used by the brain and rest of the body, which leads to a state called ... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why can cats never decide if they are going out or staying in? | [
"They can decide . . . it just takes time. Any animal that sleeps 20 hours a day is on a different temporal wavelength. Why choose between \"out\" or \"in\" when you can do both?"
] | [
"What else does she have to do? You're her main source of food, affection, and mental stimulation. Unless she has toys somewhere else in the house, there's nothing for her to do besides sleep and hang out with you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is it that Japan was once poor but is now economically prosperous, but regions like Africa and Latin America are perpetually poor? | [
"\"Africa\" and \"Latin America\" can, together, refer to over 70 countries. Not all of them are poor. Each country's situation is unique and requires a unique explanation."
] | [
"Other than Pyongyang, North Korea is almost completely undeveloped. Before the Korean War, the northern portion of the Korean peninsula was much more prosperous than the southern portion. North Korea is a country that was a developed, industrial country that fell away from industrial development. Other than countl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If the first 3 dimensions are height, width, and depth (all physical attributes of an object). Why is the 4th dimension time? | [
"Think about it like coordinates. Remember the Stargate movie, where they said that you need 6 points to chart a location in 3-dimensional space. But you need a 7th point to chart a course from/to that point. That line could be like the 4th dimension as you move along it. An appointment is another way to demonstrat... | [
"It depends on what exactly you are talking about. Our distance base space is only 3 dimensions, that means it takes 3 different distances to locate a point in space (north 2 miles, east one mile, and dig down 30 feet... stuff like that). In terms of more general type spaces (not just the physical distances of our... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do so many people have bad appetites, wouldn't this be deadly out in the wild? | [
"Why? Quite simply, because they're not hungry. They live in a world in which it's ok to \"not like that\". When food is matter of survival, there's no choice."
] | [
"They'd die from lack of nutrients long before they died of lack of calories, so the extreme weight makes little difference."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Flavor discrepencies between milk and ice cream | [
"Ice cream is basically a custard that has air beaten into it while it freezes. Ingredients for basic chocolate ice cream would be egg yolks, cream, milk, sugar, and some sort of chocolate (cocoa powder, chips, etc.). You mix and heat ingredients, let them cool, add them to an ice cream maker in a freezer. The ice ... | [
"Every time there are ingredients in brackets they are the ingredients of the previous ingrediant like Butter (Cream, Salt) so in this case the manufacturers are using liquid sugar, pure water and solid sugar at different stages in the process of making the ice cream."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What kind of inventions/technology can we expect with the discovery of a pear shaped nucleus? | [
"Not all discoveries lead to a practical use. Sometimes science is just science for the sake of science. The end goal of science isn't to make something The end goal of science is to understand it."
] | [
"The moment you touch an atom of antimatter, it annihilates itself (and whatever atom touched it) into pure energy according to e=mc^2 Matter and antimatter can never touch, so the only way to \"hold\" antimatter would be to magnetically suspend it inside a vaccuum chamber. If many centuries into the future, we man... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
English language information lost visually, and letters need to sound differently at different times. Why is it like this ? | [
"English spelling was never intended to make English easy to read. Rather, it is intended to convey historical information about any given word. The oddities of spelling are related to the history of the word. Many words have long, complicated histories that in some cases can be traced all the way back to Sanskrit.... | [
"in a word-stress. anything that happens under stress is remembered better."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Cognitive psychology:"
} |
I've always heard that the brain can not itself feel pain. For example, if you were having brain surgery you shouldn't feel the surgeons knife. Why is it then that we can feel the pain of a headache? What is it that is actually hurting? | [
"Here's [last year's answer to the same question](_URL_0_). It is the meninges which is basically tissue that wraps around the outside of the brain."
] | [
"It's the nerves in your skin telling your brain that there is some sort of irritant there, and to get rid of it, hence why rubbing often works as well as scratching. There are phantom itches, like there are phantom pains, which are caused by a misfire of the nerves, ie. the nerves say there is something there, whe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does a kettle get quieter the closer it is to boiling? | [
"The lower temperature causes the vapor to recondense into liquid and the bubbles collapse, making a noise. When the water is uniformly hot and the bubbles make it to the top gradually louder, as bubble production increases, until the water is so uniformly hot that the bubbles make it to the top without popping."
] | [
"Evaporation is different than boiling. Just like if you leave a glass of water out at room temperature eventually that will evaporate too, just a lot slower than boiling."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does it seem like all Caribbean islands (Jamaica, Bahamas, Bermuda, Puerto Rico, etc.) seem to be third world countries, with terrible economies and infrastructure? | [
"Historical and geographical reasons. Most of those islands were colonized by Spain in the 16th and 17th century and used to produce sugar and tropical fruit crops. The colonial government had little interest in improving infrastructure, education, or standard of living and many of the residents were slaves. When t... | [
"If you are going to flee your country, would you flee to some place that has universal healthcare and programs for immigrants or would you flee to someplace where the annual salary is $200 per year, no healthcare and no sewers? Also, most Asian countries are not as friendly to foreigners moving there without money... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is it easier to parallel park in reverse rather that forward especially since it’s easier to see in front of you? | [
"It's because of the way the wheels are set up. \"Most\" (almost all) cars have front wheels that turn, which means that your turning radius when going in reverse is different than when going forward. Additionally, the direction of turn is swapped making alignment easier when backing in."
] | [
"I can only answer the second part of the question The reason the driver's seat is on the left of right-driving roads is so that the driver is seated as close as possible to the middle of the road, giving him or her the best visibility. If your seat was on the right while driving on the right side if the road you'd... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do whiskey companies deal with the fact that the product they make today gets sold to a market 15 years in the future? | [
"Mackmyra whiskey from Sweden solves this in a fun way. They let you buy casks with a group of friends, you get to follow the journey of that batch and taste it during the aging progress (I believe once every year or so), the kicker is that you pay a hefty overprice for this in order to fund their future products (... | [
"Wine is usually sold right away after being made, and then \"aged\" to the preference of the owner. Hard alcohol is aged as part of the production process, and so it's important to know how long it aged before it was bottled. Think about it like this: You care about the year of the wine because you want to know i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
ATOM BOMBS what stops the chain reaction? | [
"Ony atoms that are fissile will split up when hit by a neutron. Fissile atoms are already unstable and the neutron just gives them the little kick they need, kind of like a mousetrap going off when hit by a ping pong ball. After it goes off, it's more stable. After these atoms split up, the newer atoms aren't so u... | [
"\"what makes it so powerful\"? A shit-ton of conventional explosives \"Why is it significant\" It's cool so the media will talk about it. \"Why use it now?\" To distract you. Is it working?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does the current century not line up with the calendar year? | [
"Year 1-100: The 1st century. Year 101-200: The 2nd century. Year 201-300: The 3rd century. Year 301-400: The 4th century. Year 401-500: The 5th century. Year 501-600: The 6th century. Year 601-700: The 7th century. ..... Year 1801 - 1900: The 19th century. Year 1901 - 2000: The 20th century. Ye... | [
"It's not too hard to convert, but it can be vague if older dates are given in the calendar then-used, or projected back in the current calendar, especially during the period when countries were converting. On the other hand, it's rare that the difference of a couple weeks matters in any larger context."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If black hat hacking is illegal, why are conventions not illegal? | [
"Because of the First Ammendment/Free Speech. Talking about doing something is not the same as doing that thing."
] | [
"Even if you made them illegal, they would move the servers that host them outside of the jurisdiction where they are illegal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why American's pay $0.99 for a song on iTunes and Australian's pay $1.69 | [
"Most of the mark up is done by those who hold distribution rights within your country. Interestingly with the US minimum wage it takes about 8 min of work to earn enough to buy the song. In Australia at your minimum wage it would take you about 7 min of work to earn enough to buy the song. So they are more or les... | [
"> Why is the British Pound worth much more than the USD, when it seems like the equivalent goods cost the same face value amount? They don't. Box of cornflakes at Walmart: $3.28. Box of Cornflakes at ASDA, UK subsidiary of Walmart: £2.65. £2.65 = $4.52"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If fish are cold-blooded how do they move so quickly in ice-cold water? | [
"There are different methods depending on the fish species. Some are adapted to the colder water, their body's proteins most efficient at the lower temperature. They can idly swim and save energy for short bursts of speed when needed. Combine that with colder water often holding more oxygen and it can be quite the ... | [
"Cold water can hold on to more oxygen than warm water so more life can grow and thrive in colder waters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Negative Feedback Loops in the body. | [
"The best way to explain it is with an example. You have a nightclub. You have people counting the number of people going in and out of the club, to make sure you aren't over capacity. If too many people go in, you close the entrance until some people have left, at which point you can open it again. In this example... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Airbus/Boeing Advertisements, Who are they trying to target? | [
"They're trying to drum up public confidence. It gets people to invest in shares. Also, when you (and millions of others) book your next flight, you might choose an airline or flight that flies your preferred aircraft, rather than the airline that flies some other aircraft. This signals the airlines to buy more of ... | [
"The BEST way to Fight back is with your Video Camera ANY other way could possibly get you KILLED!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I've never seen even a picture of a fuselage on the highway. Where and how are airplanes built? | [
"Contrary to the other answers, large aircraft assemblies are routinely airfreighted around. _URL_0_"
] | [
"There are 1313 of them. 3 have been scrapped, 2 destroyed and 2 with private owners. The scrapped ones were probably cut and up recycled, but nobody knows for sure where each part ended up. Until somebody goes and verifies the location of each one it's possible, but very unlikely, that another one is missing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why professors give exams they know almost everyone is going to fail. | [
"The purpose of a class isn't to pass students, its to teach a given curriculum. Maybe he's just a dick, but it's entirely possible most students don't understand what the class teaches after a semester's study."
] | [
"No, you can be super smart and not put in the work for homework/projects/etc, so your grades will suffer even if you do well on the exams. On the other hand, you can study your butt off if you’re not as naturally gifted and do much better than smarter people."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is not recommended to switch back from synthetic or semisynthetic motor oil to regular mineral oil or viceversa? | [
"Because it's a myth. Your engine doesn't care. However, on old engines starting on synthetic might, just might, cause a leak. Moreover, it doesn't make sense to switch: why did you pay extra all those times and now you're too cheap? Just pick one and don't worry. Most people get rid of their cars long before it ne... | [
"Over a period of time fuel tends to leak into oil. The pressure of the fuel entering the chambers cause traces to leak past the rings. Additional, heat, pieces of metal, rust and other contaminants get in there. All of this breaks down the oils ability to lubricate. Generally speaking it turns black when this happ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why don't doctors just use digital scales and instead use the Physician Scales | [
"Electronic scales can't be nearly as accurate as balance scales. Why? Because the earth's gravity varies by more than 0.5%, depending on where you are. That means that an electronic scale might show you weighing 200lbs in one location and 201lbs somewhere else. Scales that work by balancing your weight against oth... | [
"Yes, but you would need a very sensitive weighing machine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why a hot road sometimes appears black. | [
"That's a mirage! The air close to the hot ground is lighter than the cold air above and causes the light to refract. [Also why people lost in the desert \"see\" water ahead but they can never get closer to it. It's a mirage.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Friction, no air flow, and it's one of the warmer parts of your body. Cannot believe I answered that..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
the proper use of the word "myriad" | [
"The [Merriam-Webster](_URL_0_) entry is pretty good: > 1 - ten thousand > 2 - a great number < a myriad of ideas > And the usage discussion is probably what you're looking for: > Recent criticism of the use of myriad as a noun, both in the plural form myriads and in the phrase a myriad of, seems to reflect a m... | [
"You might need to define what you mean by \"informal empire\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what's the deal with relative humidity? | [
"It is actually quite simple. The term you want to search for the measurement of the *actual* amount of water in the air is Specific Humidity. Specific humidity is measured by Grains Per Pound or GPP. This measurement is the number of grains of water (1 grain = 1/7000 of a pound) within 1 pound of air (apx 13.15 cu... | [
"What you \"feel\" depends on who you are, your health, metabolism and gender. So feel is not a good indicator of temperature. Website might not have regular updates, so the temp reading might be several hours old, or from a fixed location that has a different microclimate from where you are. And being indoors vs o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science:"
} |
How do websites like PirateBay and other illegal websites manage to host their websites? | [
"One major lynch-pin was that these websites did not host illegal content. Rather, they simply allowed people who were hosting it themselves to get together. Add this to the different laws where the sites were hosted and the fact that the US doesn't have nearly as much power as it thinks it does, and it is very dif... | [
"Many people kept mirroring the content of pirates Bay site to keep it alive, not so much with kickasstorrents. On a global scale, pirates Bay is more known and popular than other torrent sites"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How and when does Déjà vu occur? | [
"It seems like someone's asked this question before..."
] | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Cognitive Science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Cognitive Science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What is a standard deviation and what can I tell from it? | [
"The standard deviation tells you how spread out your data set is. See [here](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"Yes it called the confidence of the statistic. Based on various aspects of the math going into the figure you can figure out how confident you can be in how accurate the statistic is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why can I buy 'made in Canada' bacon in the U.S. for $1.75/lb but no less than $5 in Canada? | [
"Where the fuck can I buy bacon for $1.75?"
] | [
"> Why is the British Pound worth much more than the USD, when it seems like the equivalent goods cost the same face value amount? They don't. Box of cornflakes at Walmart: $3.28. Box of Cornflakes at ASDA, UK subsidiary of Walmart: £2.65. £2.65 = $4.52"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does a doctor or paramedic treat a cut throat or jugular wound? | [
"You follow your usual ABCs - airway, breathing, circulation. If the actual windpipe is compromised, you can apply pressure to maintain a seal or do an emergency tracheotomy to insert a breathing tube. If a major vessel is damaged, you apply pressure to minimize blood loss, apply necessary medication to maintain bl... | [
"If you get bleeding in the GI system ( stabbed or ulcer) or the respiratory system you can get blood coming through the oral cavity"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I read that North Korea is "entering a state of war" with South Korea, but few believe North Korea would risk "full-out war". What is the difference between a state of war and a full-out war? Aren't they both bad? | [
"Until the North Korean army starts bombarding Seoul, you don't really need to worry. Entering a state of war means that they're preparing for war, while being in full-out war means they are at war. You can prepare to go to war, and then change your mind. They're both bad, but getting ready for war isn't as bad as... | [
"There is no such thing as \"officially\" announcing the beginning of a world war. The label \"world war\" is applied by the press, historians and the common people when they think it is appropriate. If you are referring to recent events, they are not at all comparable to a world war. The world's major powers are i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it such a "Taboo" to talk about how much you get paid at your job with co-workers? | [
"Companies don't want you to know what everyone else makes. It's harder to value your own worth when you only know what you make. When people know what others make, they might be more likely to demand more. So, by making sure only you know how much you make (whether through contract language or through it being \"f... | [
"Because there IS a threat. Embarrassment. Most people care about what other people think whether they admit it or not. You might also risk sounding like an idiot in front of superiors, potential spouses ect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
In military systems like the navy if the captain dies the second-in-command generally takes over. If they're then appointed actual captain, and the former captain is found alive again, what happens to rank? | [
"Well perhaps there's a prescribed course of action in *some* militaries given there are quite a lot of them, but as a rule you can safely assume it's dealt with on a case-by-case basis by the Admiralty or some other higher-ups. If you've just recovered your captain who managed to get labelled missing, presumed dea... | [
"Tradition is a minor part of it, but the practical reason is that he or she knows the ship better than anyone. Access to lifeboats, emergency equipment and any necessary steering in the event that the ship can still be steered necessitates that the Captain stick around. If it was accepted that the captain is allow... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can this missile-UFO thing be only explained after the fact? | [
"All relevant parties were alerted. There was a publicly available notice to air traffic to avoid the area. Just because nobody told you doesn't mean nobody was told."
] | [
"A true UFO does not mean aliens. You can bet yer ass the US investigates what other country is illegally using our airspace. Otherwise, there's a good chance that it was a government craft being tested, so of course it isn't investigated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Could an unbreakable wire that is one atom thick slice through you and would it leave you in two separate pieces? | [
"Yes. It would break all molecular\\* bonds in a plane, cutting through anything. Molecular bonds are what holds solid objects together. No bond, and they slide apart. The question is if the bonds would reform after being cut. For metals, the answer is yes. Metals would act like sticky putty. The bonds reform as s... | [
"The edge of the blade is atoms, so it would be like trying to split beach balls with beach balls."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If a novel is originally written in a foreign language, how much influence does the translator have on impacting the quality of the book? | [
"A lot. You can rarely just directly translate a language from one into another. If there's an expression that doesn't translate then something else will have to be chosen to make up for it."
] | [
"That kind of gets into the idea of Translation Theory, and is, in fact, one of the biggest examples used to describe different approaches. When translating anything, including poems and songs, some translators try to translate the words *exactly* from language a to language b, some translators focus more on achiev... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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