query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
- The roll(s) of oxygen and electricity in the human brain. | [
"Oxygen does the same thing in the brain as everywhere else: provide an electron dump at the end of the electron transport chain that makes most of our cellular energy. Electricity is kind of a misnomer for the impulses which power neural communication. What is actually happening is more like a wave of charged part... | [
"Additionally, do we have documents on the public perception of electricity?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The city I live in is below sea level. How come it's not underwater? | [
"because there's either a manmade seawall made of non permeable materials or a natural bedrock that prevents seawater from flowing to you."
] | [
"Most of the fault lines are near or run along the coastlines. People liked building cities on the coastlines because of the water access was necessary for transport and travel. All of New Zealand pretty much sits on a fault line so they're hooped regardless. But people didn't know this two, three hundred years ago... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is Hibernation not yet possible? Will it ever be? | [
"while we cannot suspend or, more importantly, wake complex lifeforms. we also do not have any idea how to maintain our \"volatile\" memory, which is to say, our memories go dark when you turn off the power. So reanimating a body isnt much use if you are brain dead. If you store a brains information, and reload it ... | [
"Batteries and yes they need to be replaced from time to time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that the United States is falling so far behind in education compared to many other countries? | [
"All the money being pulled from education. Religion dictated curriculums. Poor teacher training. Poor teacher pay resulting in all the good teachers quiting. Over crowded classes and schools. Outdated and out moded standardized tests. Oppressive school environment resulting in student apathy and depression. ... | [
"Because our country is so wealthy even the poor are pretty well off compared to the middle class in most other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is math universal? Would aliens have the same math as us? Isn't it just an arbitrary system of calculations? Would we be able to communicate with aliens through mathematics? | [
"What if the aliens are just a bunch of partying burn outs that wanna make love to our women? Love is the universal language not math."
] | [
"I upvoted this because it's actually an interesting question. We do repeat ourselves when we get past 9... but only because we generally use base-10 as our normal \"counting\" method. There are other bases, such as base-16 for example. Number exist because they give us a representation of something. One could (per... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Before the invention of electronic tuners, how did they know a guitar / piano / violin, etc. was "in-tune"? | [
"You would tune the first string to a known source, like a tuning fork. Then use a node in the first string to tune the second. Second to the third. Third to the fourth. Edit: damn autocorrect"
] | [
"some people just can't sing on pitch because they can't tell that they're not singing on pitch. A 3 octave range isn't going to change that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What qualities make a face attractive and why do they vary among different people? | [
"From what I understand, facial beauty is about symmetry, not proportion or a set standard. Which is why you can have someone with exaggerated features, like Adrien Brody, still considered attractive. Of course, there are also gendered desirable features. Big round eyes for women, like Tyra Banks and strong jawline... | [
"Certain traits are attractive because of biology. For instance attraction to youth (having certain features similar to that of a child), averageness in appearance (meaning that of a population your features are not on any extreme) and facial symmetry are seen across all cultures however there are certain features ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is The universe "flat" | [
"By \"flat\" do you mean that 3 dimensional space isn't curved in a 4th dimension? Like a piece of paper is flat, but a sphere is curved? There are parts of the universe that are curved due to gravity, but the overall shape does appear to be flat. This means that the universe is curved one way, but gravity makes it... | [
"That's why nobody talks about \"The age of the universe\", but only, \"The age of the observable universe\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Astronomy:"
} |
How do you program graphene? | [
"Since it's no longer April Fool's Day, I'm going to go out on a limb and assume this is a real question. Graphene is just a material. In order to make a CPU you could actually program, you'd have to make transistors out of it just as you have to make transistors out of silicon today. Those transistors would be use... | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do you lose less power to resistance when transmitting high voltages than when transmitting high currents? | [
"The `V` in `P = V^2 / R` isn't the line voltage, it's the voltage drop across the line. Very important detail. The higher you can drive the voltage, the lower the current. The lower the current, the lower the voltage drop. > Why is it that when talking about resistance losses, formulas always frame current as the... | [
"DC is the power provided by batteries and some rare types of generators. AC is the power produced by most generators. DC provides a constant even \"push\" of electricity which makes it great for analog and digital electronics and precision control of servos. AC, on the other hand is essentially vibrating electri... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
League of Legends and its basic terms | [
"There is always some helpful fellows at [/r/summonerschool](/r/summonerschool) that will help out new players."
] | [
"How does Call of Duty differ from Battlefield? How does Binding of Isaac differ from Faster than Light? Same genre but different features. Different champions, different map layout, different abilities, different graphics styles etc etc. Watch a game of each and you will probably spot quite a few differences and s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is the contents of iron supplements so much higher than the recommended daily allowance? | [
"Iron supplementation may need to be higher than the general populations requirements if someone needs iron stores replacing if they require more iron due to ongoing medical problems. Additionally not all iron may get absorbed anyway (this is what commonly causes dark stools in those taking iron supplements)."
] | [
"They don't stay in your system for just a day, but probably not for over 16 days. Also, those are just recommended daily values, your body may benefit from having more than the recommended daily dose of vitamin C."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do field drug tests return so many false positives? | [
"Field drug tests are designed to be very cheap, and very easy for an amateur to use. Therefore they are not very *specific* -- that is, they just test whether the mystery substance reacts with one or two chemicals in a specific way. This makes it very likely that some *other* substance would also react in the same... | [
"A false positive means that a test comes back positive, even though it should be negative. A false negative is the same, but in the opposite scenario. For example, a pregnancy test may come back negative, while a woman is indeed pregnant. This is a false negative. A drug test may come back positive, even though th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how windmills convert the spinning of the blades into electricity | [
"The blades turn a magnet in a coil of wire, inducing a voltage in the wires. This causes an electric current to flow."
] | [
"the most common method to convert matter into energy is combustion ( burning it ), this reaction produces thermal (heat) energy, and a small amount of kenetic (movement) energy from expanding gases. in a car those expanding gases are used to push the pistons in the engine. in a steam engine the thermal energy is u... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Does light travel get interrupted by lights travelling from the side? i.e. We see a star far away, but there is another star with light travelling that intersects the path, what happens? | [
"Nothing happens, the two \"beams\" of light go through each other without affecting each other. Otherwise you wouldn't be able to see very many stars!"
] | [
"> So if light can only travel up to the speed of light, and a light year is how far light can travel at the speed of light in 1 year, how can we see 46B light years away? Because when the light was first emitted the universe was much smaller than it is now, which means everything was closer together. Imagine an an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about astronomy:"
} |
If two people had to repopulate the world, after how many generations would serious inbreeding deformities arise? Would the problem worsen into perpetuity? | [
"The old Adam and Eve story bothered me because of this. Well that whole story doesn't make sense unless taken as allegory which I'm sure it is."
] | [
"It would be unethical and illegal as for now but theoretically, yeah. Small African pygmies are about 3’9. If scientists bred the smallest of pygmies together, then the smallest offspring, etc.. we could probably end up with a 1’ human. On the other hand, it might be a little more difficult because of the genetic ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
In the U.S. how can something become legal on the state level if it is not legal on the federal level? | [
"The city/county/state law enforcement officers are under no obligation to enforce the federal laws. If the state says it's legal, the only way to get busted is for federal agents (DEA, FBI, etc) to to it themselves."
] | [
"The Commerce Clause of the Constitution gives Congress the authority to regulate items that have a high probability of being trafficked across state borders. States that have chosen to legalize marijuana are simply choosing not to enforce federal marijuana laws and have gotten rid of most of their own criminal & ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Law and Politics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Politics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Politics:"
} |
Why do YouTube videos (and others) have to re-buffer what has already loaded when you skip to a different section of the video? | [
"The load bar is now entirely full of shit, ignore it completely."
] | [
"> Do you have to watch every single second of the video for YouTube to count it? This is a bit of a trade secret, because YouTube doesn't want to release any information that would help people cheat the system. But after 301 views, YouTube starts checking every single new view that comes in (which is why counters ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't we (United States) attempt to rescue journalists/aid workers who are captured overseas by terrorist groups? | [
"1. It has been attempted in the past, and some of these attempts have been successful. 2. In some instances, the group holding them is judged to be relatively unlikely to execute them and it's decided a rescue attempt would be more dangerous for the hostage(s) than negotiations. 3. Oftentimes it is very difficult ... | [
"They risk their lives. War journalists often befriend their subjects, provide them supplies or otherwise pay them, or promise to not shoot or show certain images. They also are mainly freelance journalists--they operate on their own and, if skilled, can make up a background that is favorable to who they're trying ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why Russian lawmakers are so anti-gay. | [
"There's nothing special about Russian lawmakers. They represent the cultural norms held by the large majority of the Russian population. Russian people, by and large, want the state to regulate against homosexuality, because the state media have them in a frenzy over \"western propaganda\" turning their children g... | [
"Russia does not have a good track record when it comes to telling the truth. Why start believing them now?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does sunburn feel warm to the touch and hurt so bad when exposed to water like when taking a shower? | [
"When something is damaged the body attempts to heal it. Part of this healing process is the process of inflammation. This process entails lots of components, such as the signalling of cells and proteins to the site for healing. It also causes dilation of the blood vessels (vasodilation) near the skin which in turn... | [
"Our bodies can only feel *differences* in temperature, not the actual temperature. For example, you can set up 3 bowls filled with cold, room temperature, and warm water. Put one hand in the cold water and the other hand in the warm water for a minute. Then put both hands in the room temperature water. The hand th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If a organ gets removed from the body (e.g. kidney, lung, uterus, spleen, gallbladder, etc.) what happens to the empty cavity it leaves behind? Do other organs adjust and move in its place? | [
"Generally yes, organs will just be pushed around to fill the space. There is also quite a bit of fluid in the abdominal cavity which fills in small gaps."
] | [
"It depends on the organ. As you noted, limbs will not regenerate, but bones will \"regenerate\" (kind of) if the pieces are brought back in proximity (assuming there is intact blood and nervous supplies). Bones will reshape themselves (including pieces) based on the forces applied to it (from use of that limb). Mo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do people get sick when the seasons change | [
"There are two main causes: 1. **Allergens**. In Spring, for example, flowers begin to release pollen. Lots of people are allergic to these sorts of substances (also things like cat hair), so they have a reaction. They don't actually have 'the flu', but the symptoms often look the same. 2. **Environments**. In wint... | [
"I'm no expert, but I do know it's harder for you to wake up and feel energized during the middle of REM sleep"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Health:"
} |
I understand that all life on earth comes from a single cell, how did that single cell come to exist? | [
"There's a there's a theory by Oparin and Haldane that says a possible origin might be a chemical reaction between the first atmosphere components, due to the high amount of lightning at the time. A scientist named Miller did an experiment based on that theory and was able to produce ammo acids, the components of p... | [
"There is a lot of debate on the subject. And it very strongly depends on what you define as a creature. Evolution from microbes and proteins in the ocean is the answer to where larger creatures come from. Where the proteins came from is up for debate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why are we able to put on weight a lot faster than we lose it? | [
"Your body was designed to survive. Over the course of time, humans have adapted to periods of low food availability to avoid starvation. There's really not a biological advantage associated with low body weight. Having said that, CICO (calories in, calories out) works pretty well as a way to measure energy intake,... | [
"You build muscle and stimulate fat loss with exercise and burning calories. You can still lose weight by eating less, but if you also exercise you lower your risk for a lot of diseases related to your heart. Just my best guess honestly, I am not an expert on this at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do companies say it will take 7-10 days to unsubscribe you from an email distribution? | [
"There isn't a reason. A database query/edit shouldn't take more than a few hours, at *most* and for an extremely heavily taxed database. A relatively unused database (as an email repository should be), the query/edit should take a few seconds. Usually any place that says \"7-10 days\" is lying to you, and they won... | [
"When you visit a web site, they get to market to you anytime you want them to. When you subscribe to their newsletter, they get to market to you anytime **they** want to."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If I had a law degree why should I hire an attorney? (Civil Cases) | [
"Having a law degree isn't the same as being a qualified and experienced lawyer."
] | [
"Explain my rights to me... like I'm five?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is the color pink synonymously feminine? | [
"I forget why it switched, but it used to be opposite: blue for girls, pink for boys. Reason behind this was because boys were seen as young warriors, and red was the color of warriors. Pink was like a lesser version of red. And blue was just a softer more comfortable color, making it good for girls."
] | [
"Pink is actually a great example. Prior to WWII pink was actually considered a more masculine color worn by both men and women. But then during the Holocaust, much the same way Jews were forced to wear yellow stars, homosexuals were given pink triangles. Ever since then pink triangles have become a symbol of gay r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do the Mars rovers take selfies? | [
"I would assume it involves a process of taking several different shots from different angles, and then compiling them in such a way as to edit out the arm holding the camera."
] | [
"ELI5? It weighs a lot more than the previous rovers, about the size of a Mini Cooper, and carries a lot more equipment. It's capable of analysing rock from a distance to see if it's worth checking out in detail, and it basically carries a chemical lab to look for previous or existing microbial lifeforms. It has si... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Where does the silent P come from (e.g., pneumonia)? | [
"Pneumonia, psychic and pterodactyl all come from ancient Greek. Why the p (from pi and psi) becomes silent I don't know. Also it's important to remember that for most of human history only a very few people were taught to read and write, how 'tricky' it is to spell something is relative."
] | [
"We don't know how to. So we right now we use educated guesses based on modern Latin based languages. Some strange rules: -'c' makes a 'k' sound. Example, Centurion is pronounced (ken-tor-ian) -'v' makes a 'w' sound. Example, Ave is pronounced (ah-way)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Linguistics:"
} |
From a business POV, why would McDonalds only give out 20 packets of Szechuan sauce and at limited locations only? | [
"What is this szechuan sauce I keep hearing of?"
] | [
"I think they have contracts stating that they can only sell products from that one company, whether they choose Coke or Pepsi."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How are modern radios able to display the track, artist, station, and other info from just radio waves? | [
"There is a system for inaudibly encoding a small amount of data in the signal: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Bluetooth is a type of radio. The radio has very low power, so it only goes a small distance. There is a protocol for use over the radio, like the internet protocol used over wifi. This protocol covers things phones do, like make calls and relay sounds. The same protocol supports headphones, with or without a micr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why doesn’t pointing a camera at the sun directly damage it, like our eyes get damaged? | [
"Nothing much. Cameras can be damaged by sunlight, they just can take a bit more abuse. But you absolutely can damage your sensor and even melt internal components by pointing a camera at the sun carelessly. DSLRs are a bit protected in that the sensor is normally only exposed to the light for very short periods of... | [
"I would imagine it’s the same reason why cellphones cause airplanes to crash and gas tanks to blow up. They don’t. They just want people to pay attention to what they are doing instead of taking photos. Also flashes are super annoying. Could you imagine trying to enjoy a painting in a dimly lit room and suddenly 3... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Before oral surgery, what happened when impacted wisdom teeth would grow in? | [
"Before oral surgery people would generally lose teeth so wisdom teeth would not get impacted in the first place because they had room to come down."
] | [
"Dentists only pull Wisdom teeth when they are growing in wrong, or already decaying. They are the worst ones when they are pulled."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What were gun laws in Australia and the UK *before* 1990's mass shootings? | [
"It was still a lot harder to get a gun in Australia compared to the states, even before Port Arthur and the buyback scheme. For one thing, to get a firearm license in Australia you've always needed to have a demonstrated purpose for it, the most common being: - Agricultural need (you own a property and need a gun ... | [
"A country cannot just 'adopt' gun laws without a lengthy legislature process. Lengthy legislature processes cannot be carried out unless a majority of representatives vote in favor of it. A majority of representatives will only be in favor, if the majority of their voters in their counties are in favor of putting ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do we process multiple scenarios/outcomes in our head, hours worth of events, in mere seconds? | [
"Pre-frontal cortex. Biggest part of our brain and over developed in humans. Imagining different scenarios is basically it's job."
] | [
"Here's a sampling of the processes involved: 1. Who's the sender of the information? 2. Where's the sender located? 3. What tone of voice was used to call my name? 4. What historical context is there for the tone used to call my name? 5. Where are we, and what possible scenarios match the nature of the tone in thi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does static electricity/static shocks ruin computer parts? | [
"Your processor is expecting to run on less than 1.5 volts these days, a good static shock is around 25,000 volts. This is high enough that it will blow through barricades in chips and create all new paths that weren't planned for which will make the chip misbehave or just kill it entirely Many components are sensi... | [
"It simply connects to the ground and dissipates any excess charge. This can happen for one of two reasons. First, if there's a short, it sends the charge into the ground instead of into something else in the room. You, for example. Second, some things generate static charge while the operate (like ceiling fans), a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is happening to the nutrients of my food when I cook them? | [
"Different nutrients are affected differently because some are water soluble some are not. In the case of boiling/ blanching many nutrients are being leeched from the item, steaming and roasting are preferred methods for nutrient retention. For soups using bones or carcass this leeching of nutrients is helpful as y... | [
"Most microwaved vegetables are healthier for you , compared to fresh. Look it up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Food:"
} |
Do right-handed people who write in Arabic or other RTL languages have the same text-smudging problem that left-handed people do? | [
"Most people in the world are right-handed. When you write Arabic, [you keep the tip of the pen in front of your hand](_URL_2_) and hold the pen slightly further up. [Hebrew is written in similar manner](_URL_0_). In traditional Chinese calligraphy (modern Chinese calligraphy is written left to right), [you hold th... | [
"Might just be as simple that most people are right handed. When writing with the right hand, you rest your hand to the right of what you are writing, where there is no text yet. If you try writing the other direction, your hand will cover what you have just written and you would smudge the wet ink with your hand. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does my mouth get watery after I accidentally bite my tongue? | [
"Saliva can stop blood flow and also helps get rid of bacteria. Too an extent you mouth generates saliva to both stop bleeding and prevent infection."
] | [
"Generally because you are sleeping with your mouth open which dries out the mucous membrane. If you don't believe me, try keeping your mouth wide open and breath in and out for an hour and tell me how your throat feels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a Pop Up Bar? | [
"Pop-ups typically use other space's existing infrastructure, and often that space may be donated as part of a collaboration, ie. an art gallery hosts a pop-up bar during the run of a show. There maybe licensing to get, particularly for alcohol service, but they might be able to use a catering license, etc. or and ... | [
"Absolut Vodka Porsche Nokia Sony Nintendo Off the top of my head. Ever hear of any of them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do speedometers always exceed a car's top speed? | [
"It is aesthetics--car manufacturers want to have the speedometer needle pointing straight up when you're at highway speeds to make it easy to see. So double the highway speed to get a nice symmetric arc on a round speedometer and you're at 150 mph."
] | [
"Aside from technical reasons that cause cars to run most efficiently when they're way below their max speed, you're also allowed to drive whatever speed you want on private property."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Will a bullet fired in space have a curved trajectory because of its spin? | [
"**Edit**: It appears that I am **incorrect**, and that in the absence of gravity or atmosphere acting on the object in OP's theoretical gravitationless space, **it would not change direction**. I apologize for the incorrect response; it was given in good faith. My original (incorrect) response, is below. **See the... | [
"Pretty sure the only way to catch a bullet between gun and ground in normal earth conditions would be to shoot it straight up and catch it when stops moving upwards and starts moving downwards. The problem is that traveling (air resistance) is only one of the forces at work. You also have to contend with gravity. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is SpaceX attempting to land on a barge rather than land? | [
"It's all about the trajectory. The Blue Origin rocket went straight up and down, so it could land on it's own launch pad. All it did, trajectory-wise is go up and down. SpaceX rockets go to orbit, which involves an awful lot of sideways, so when it comes back down, it's nowhere near it's launch pad. So the barge i... | [
"Only 1 of SpaceX's 22 Falcon 9 launches has actually failed to reach orbit. The only thing they're having trouble doing is landing the booster rockets under their own power, which NASA has not tried to do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why you would buy spf30 sunscreen when spf50 is the same price and same time of protection? | [
"SPF30 is likely to be less thick than SPF50. That is one selling point to a lower SPF. SPF30 is usually cheaper than SPF50, however, this is not always the case. Furthermore, more expensive brands are not always more effective than cheaper brands. EWG has done reviews for years with many reviews on various brands ... | [
"_URL_0_ SPF is a rating of how much UV it absorbs. It will change based on how the product is made, and the ingredients. (the older threads will go into more detail) > I've heard about 50/50 that lower spf provides much more protection and on the other hand that the higher the spf the better. What really gives? H... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does sled retain speed if a person falls of from it sideways? | [
"The momentum of the sled doesn't stay the same. The total momentum of the system is conserved. So Susan's momentum + empty sled's momentum= the original momentum. The important thing here is that horizontal and vertical speed are independent of each other. As long as Susan leaves perfectly sideways, the original s... | [
"Because the air that surrounds the thrown abject is moving with the car. So there is no wind to push it in the opposite direction. Same counts for jumping on a train. Imagine jumping on a highspeed train. You are already the same speed as the train while standing in it. If you jump straight upward you will land in... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What are the chances the U.S. dollar will devalue and the U.S. will enter into another Great Depression. Why and why not. | [
"The chances are near 100%. The question is not *if* the question is *when*. The reasons is because this is the nature of economies. They have slow growth, big booms, and times of declining size. Will the US have another great depression, yes. It might be in 5 years, it might be in 50, or it might be in 500, but i... | [
"A few reasons. 1. Printing an excessive amount of money creates a lot of inflation. If there is too much inflation then the dollars that you have in your wallet will become nearly worthless. This has happened in other countries in the past and it normally came along with an economic collapse. 2. The debt isn't tha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is war not a war crime? Where do you draw the line? Torture? Mustard gas? Why not killing? Nukes? | [
"In theory, war itself is a diplomatic state between two nations, where in those two nations will use their respective militaries to sort out what ever disagreement brought on the state of war. War crimes are, in theory, defined by a breach of the Geneva convention, which are the rules by which nations are required... | [
"a) Post WWII Nuremberg trials were very German centric. We also ignored Japan's war crime against China (Unit 731, Nanjing massacre, etc) & Korea, Russia's war crime against Germany (a lot of rapes), England's fire bombing of German cities, and many more. b) Nuclear bombs weren't a war crime at that time. No one g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do games switch between 4:3 and 16:9? | [
"3D video games render a set image area from the point of view of a virtual camera. To make the image wider, all the camera needs to do is render more image space to the left and right (extending the 4:3 image area from an aspect ratio of 1.33 to 16:9, or 1.78). If this is implemented correctly, widescreen (WIDEer ... | [
"Because your screen is 1.78:1 aspect ratio, while most movies are either 1.85:1 or 2.39:1."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does everything in dreams seem to make sense when they are happening? | [
"because a dream is somthing your mind has made up, then i perfectly makes sense to your mind. but if you do question it an realise that it is a dream you can start lucid dreaming and then you can control you dream :) hope it helped"
] | [
"It is a myth that everything you see in a dream is something that you have to have seen in real life. That is absolutely false. You have an imagination and it is capable of making things up. It also works when you dream."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Psychology:"
} |
Why do you want to get 'Married' | [
"My wife and I have been together for 16 years; we got married two years ago. We got married because a) it makes lots of things easier (and cheaper!) in terms of inheritance, banking, insurance, tax, etc, b) it's a great excuse to have a big party, and c) it was a way for us to 'formalise' and reaffirm our relation... | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Marriage:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Marriage:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do I get the spins when I'm drunk? | [
"alcohol dilutes the fluid in the semicircular canals (these help with balance and sensing relative motion of your body) in your ear making the fluid move easier and does not stop when you stop actually moving. That is why you feel the sensation of spinning because your brain is still getting the sensation that it ... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that if I'm hungry right before going to bed, I'm not longer hungry when I wake up in the morning? | [
"Being *truly* hungry is a sign you are actually starving. What you are likely describing is learned hungriness. Your body has come to expect a meal at certain times of the day. If you do not eat at that meal time, and haven't recently enough, your body starts to kick it into gear saying \"HEY.. You eat now. That's... | [
"I can't relate to this at all. When I'm sick, I feel worse when I wake up and slowly get better throughout the day. When I'm falling asleep I'll usually think I'll be better the next day, but when I wake up I'm sick all over again and the cycle repeats."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
World War II. Explain like I'm 5 | [
"Hitler wanted to reclaim Germany's glory that they lost in Treaty of Versailles. He kept pushing the borders and since the rest of Europe didn't want a war, they let him. Eventually he got tired of beating around the bush and invaded all of europe, except the UK. The rest of the world spent the next 4 years trying... | [
"Please explain this post like I am 5 years old."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
For televised football games, how do the lines and graphics on the field work? | [
"The answer is a huge amount of computing power. A 3D model of the field must be programmed into the computer first, indicating where each yard is, as well as where all the bumps and slopes on the field are. The cameras are mounted on special rigs that monitor every movement the cameraman makes. The computers are p... | [
"Multiple cameras and the direction team watches all at the same time. If another camera has a better view they change to that camera. I'd say they are experienced enough to predict which to switch to."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does imagining running water increase my urge to pee? | [
"I would imagine it's a conditioning response, very similar to Pavlov's infamous dog experiment. From the time we first start learning to use a toilet, we associate the sound of water noises with urination. We pee, it makes a certain noise. You hear that over and over again for years, the two (splash noises and uri... | [
"Urine puts pressure on the bladder which in turn signals via nerves the need to pee. People instinctively move around to shake that urine so the bladder is under less strain and the nerves transmitting the idea of \"I have to pee\" ease off, resulting in a less severe need to go to the toilet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:"
} |
How does Hyrdofoil work? | [
"A hydrofoil is a wing shape that produces lift through it's path through the water. The hydrofoil board in the video supports itself and the rider with a traditional board until it gets enough speed to lift the board out of the water. It has significantly less drag than a traditional board, so that it's possible t... | [
"We can. And we did. It's called CAR-T cell therapy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's so bad about corporate personhood? | [
"[watch this (partially) animated short.](_URL_0_) Maybe not tooootally ELI5-appropriate, but maybe like ELI12ish? also: be sure to check out the little pop-ups that appear as the video goes on."
] | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are African Americans one of the most religious groups considering Christianity was essentially forced on their ancestors and used as a justification for slavery? | [
"The message of the bible is a lot easier for the poor and downtrodden to swallow than it is the rich and wealthy. It puts the heaviest responsibility on those with the ability to help, the rich, and tells them to share their wealth to the point of not being wealthy anymore. If you don't care for your fellow man, y... | [
"The Holocaust was an event exclusive to Europe, instituted by a single regime (Nazi Germany) and their subordinate regimes. When the Nazis fell, the Holocaust ended. The oppression of black people in the United States was the result of hundreds of years of systemic hatred and discrimination from others. Stopping s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about History:"
} |
I can rarely understand the words in modern music. Do I have a mental issue, or is it like this for everyone? | [
"So many musicians don't know how to enunciate. It's annoying. Too many people think their mumbling is good music. Now, I loved Nirvana's sound, but Cobain couldn't get three words out with enough fluency for my ears. Weird Al is someone I love to listen to because I miss fewer words. He knows his music is ridiculo... | [
"I've never noticed that when laughing very hard. Are you sure that this happens to a lot of people?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
. Besides reduce, reuse and recycle; how does our world sustain all of the garbage we produce? | [
"sadly, a lot of it still gets deposited in landfills, and covered over. Burning is also common. A some of it ends up in the ocean, and out in nature, too."
] | [
"Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. So it highly improves efficiency of mass production by analyzing it. The result is that we can feed 8 billion people globally instead of only 2 billion people. Without the Infrastructures that exist i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why are things cheaper in the countryside? | [
"MUCH cheaper land. Other things may be less expensive (like fruit and meat if you're in a farming area), and some things may be more expensive (like electricity, internet access, and utilities). However, anything you're buying locally has to have a store, and for most stores, rent and property taxes is one of thei... | [
"I actually found ketchup tastes very different in different parts of the world at McDonald's."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How many sounds/pitches are there? | [
"Yes, our choice of notes is completely arbitrary. The western 12-note scale is just one of many that have been used by various cultures over the course of human history. Sound doesn't occur in discrete units, there's a limitless number of different frequencies that can exist. Something at 4000Hz is still technical... | [
"We named the notes based on our major and minor scales - those scales are made up of seven specific tones (notes), rising through an octave, so we built a musical system that named those 7 tones, and repeated every octave. There are, of course, sounds in between those - there's an infinite number of sounds between... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is Material Science? | [
"The science of determinig the properties of a material such as: Melting Point, Boiling Point, viscocity, solubility, reactivity, hardness, elasticity, and I'm sure a bunch of other qualities that I don't even know to ask about. It includes inventing new materials that have qualities usefull to varrious application... | [
"The things that are touching get tangled. ELI25 Version: Pursue a Ph.D. in Material Science...we still don't have all of the answers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is the evolutionary purpose of having two nostrils? Why isn't it just one hole? | [
"That's a bad way of looking at it. Evolution doesn't go around fixing what's \"wrong\". It just tends to eliminate the stuff that decreases the chance for survival. Nothing about having 2 nostrils is having an adverse effect on those animals that have them. There's even a benefit. Most people have experienced havi... | [
"Because they are related. And they haven't evolved much from common ancestors. They all pretty much have the same niche as apex predators. Like fish all have a similar design, because they all live in water and have to swim to get places. It worked for their common ancestor and it continues to work. Like dolphin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Physicists are trying to prove or disprove we are living in a computer simulation | [
"It wouldn't be proof, it would be evidence. The wording is important. Evidence is something that shows possibly. Proof is a type of evidence that shows truth or fact. There is evidence that we may exist in a computer simulation, based on what we know about our universe and what we know about how computers run sim... | [
"Theoretically, time travel to the past is not impossible, but the energy required to put any of the current theories into practice is so immense, it may be impossible for us to ever harness enough to actually time travel to the past. However, as computing power continues to increase exponentially, it might one day... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how did prostitutes in the time before condoms and so prevent getting pregnant? | [
"First (as mentioned) condoms in some form have been around for hundreds of years (possibly over a thousand). Second, women can monitor their cycle. A prostitute could take a few days off or offer other services. There also *used* to be a plant called silphium which is suspected to have been used as an effective ... | [
"Because anal sex is more likely to transmit AIDS than vaginal sex. At the time, they didn't really know as much about STDs as we do today, so gay men, knowing they had no risk of pregnancy, didn't use condoms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we mostly consume chicken eggs, cow's milk, grape wine, and wheat bread? | [
"It's largely to do with yield, yes. Cows make a huge amount of milk (especially those bred to do so), a laying hen can lay about an egg a day, a grapevine is much more prolific than a strawberry plant. As for bread, wheat is high in gluten, which is important to getting that rise and texture. Even so, Ethiopians ... | [
"Baby humans drink human milk. Baby cows drink cow milk. It's not a large step to try cow milk. There are hundreds of foods and drinks that are weirder like olives, cheese or alcohol."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is John Boehner orange? | [
"The ole fake & bake. Probably from tinted moisturizers, as most men who use them are told not to use it around their eyes, leaving them with a reverse-raccoon look. Add in the blindingly white teeth and you've got yourself Rich Man's Oompa Loompa syndrome. Donald Trump does it pretty poorly as well."
] | [
"Am I out of the loop on something? Who hates Ringo?!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The concept of engineering a bridge | [
"Most bridges are owned by the Government. The government hires an engineering firm to design the bridge, taking into account many variables that would impact the life of the bridge. Either the architect, or the government will ask contractors for pricing at a certain time and day. The bid will have wording to make... | [
"Usually in that wording it would mean a position within an organization."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why does cancer only seem to get worse once people are diagnosed? | [
"Normally those people have been suffering with mild symptoms related to the cancer and never bothered to have them checked out. It's only when the serious symptoms show up do they seek a doctor, and unfortunately by then the cancer has normally hit stage 3 or 4 and they don't have much time left."
] | [
"yes, if the cancer is treatable, not all cancers are treatable. also, how many people do you know that actually have yearly physicals? it's better to cure the problem than to cure the symptoms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The Peter Principle! | [
"It's usually stated as \"managers rise to the level of their incompetence\". The idea is that people are selected for promotion based on how well they perform in their current job. The best workers become supervisors, the best supervisors become managers, and the best managers become executives. Over the course of... | [
"The Art of War in the Western World - Archer Jones"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Education:"
} |
How accurate are crime scene shows to real life? (CSI, Criminal Minds, etc) | [
"Not very accurate. In real life, the science work is done by scientists and the enforcement work is done by other people. So you don't usually see a guy wearing a gun at the crime scene and then a lab coat back at the office. The guys with guns will catch the criminals and do the questioning. Also, the scientific... | [
"'Twas *very* oft asked here. Ye may enjoy these: 1. [ELI5: Differences between or roles/duties of police, sheriff, state police, US Marshalls, highway patrols etc. ](_URL_4_) 1. [ELI5: The difference between Police, Sheriff, Constable, and State Trooper. ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: What's the difference between Police, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do safari guides and zoo keepers wear khaki outfits? | [
"It's a neutral colour that blends in in most environments. Tan/khaki/brown clothing and even the cars/safari vans tend to match the environment to make the animals more comfortable"
] | [
"They know how diseases/viruses/bacteria get transmitted and take many precautions against them. For instance, they constantly wash their hands/wear protective clothing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do horses have jockeys? Greyhounds don't, and they race just fine. | [
"Greyhounds chase a fake rabbit to encourage them to run. Horses have no such stimulus that will encourage them to run their fastest in a predictable path."
] | [
"Actually, when it comes to covering long distances quickly, humans are second only to horses believe it or not. So we got that going for us."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about biology:"
} |
Why is the sound of a crying baby universally annoying? | [
"To exaggerate to illustrate a point: all the babies whose screams were not annoying enough died. And now we are left with only unpleasant-sounding babies. Likewise, all the parents who did not find terror-screams in the least bit annoying or urgent let their babies die. And their genes were not passed down. Now ta... | [
"You have Tinnitus, my friend. It is one of the least debilitating diseases in the world, so don't worry. It only means that when it's quiet you may hear a high-pitched sound."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Babies and their crying behavior:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Babies and their crying behavior:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
Why the UK never made their overseas islands integral part of their country? | [
"In this case France is the odd man out. Most countries with oversea territories have different level of citizenship, different set of laws and different tax rules. There is some sort of superiority and ownership over these territories that is not part of the country but rather owned by the country. In the same way... | [
"Because the UK was. Britain pulled the majority of their former colonies into the war; remember, Canada did and still does share a head of state with the UK."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the United States keep interfering with other countries in conflict ? | [
"Others will probably say something about humanitarian efforts or that we have alliances to protect, but as my high school history teacher always said, \"It's about money.\" Everything we studied in history was caused by greed for power and money. There's money in war. If you track the money in any situation, you'l... | [
"What do you want to hear more about? The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? The Israel vs. Palestine situation? The Arab Spring? The recent attacks on US embassies?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about International relations:",
"pos": "Represent the document about International relations:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do airplane lavatories have ash-trays and a no smoking sign within 6 inches of each other? | [
"Because of [this] (_URL_0_) and [this] (_URL_1_) Or, in essence. An fire broke out in a lavatory on board of a plane. As a result of the smoke, the plane had to divert and make an emergency landing, but by the time they had managed that, the majority of passengers (123) had already died. The chief suspected cause ... | [
"1) Easier to mop the floor. Walls mean seams which can gather grime and other funny stuff. 2) Cheaper to build. The stalls mount at two points: the wall and the door pillars. 3) Less hanky-Panky goes on when the stalls aren't 100% private."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What exactly is salt and why does it taste so good? | [
"Table salt is sodium chloride, and our bodies need sodium ions and chloride ions to keep our cells functional. Among other things, it keeps cells the right shape and sodium is used extensively by your nerves to send signals. Our bodies need a certain amount and so we have taste receptors to detect it. However, all... | [
"We can? It tastes like water. Go to your kitchen, pour yourself a glass of water, and give it a go. Granted it is a fairly neutral taste, it isn't *not* a taste, though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Food and cooking:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Food and cooking:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
How can your nose be blocked and yet nothing comes out when you blow it? | [
"The blockage is from inflammation, not from mucous or anything like that."
] | [
"Sneezing blows out the mucus in your nose. But it also irritates the lining inside your nose, so that it swells up a bit inside, and runs a little more. Same with blowing it, or sniffing too hard/often. This is why you should try to blow your nose as little as possible without dripping. It's actually possible to h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Health:"
} |
What is that sensation in your forehead when something like a finger or pencil is really close? | [
"Anxiety about objects being close to a very sensitive part of your head, coupled with the fact that it is picked up by 3 or even 4 of the 5 major senses. Yep, hearing too. Your hearing can detect not only left and right but the entire spatial ambience in a room, a kind of rudimentary sonar, which is why you can de... | [
"Touch your hand. Which do you feel more? Your hand or the sensation of the act of touching your own hand?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are weigh-ins always several days prior to a fight, allowing fighters to potentially enter the ring at a completely different weight, rather than right before the fight? | [
"Basically it gives fighters time to adjust their weights, not take the fight, work out new terms of the fight, etc. If you held it prior to the fight, and someone didn't make weight, you would have a stadium full of people and a maybe fight. So you work out all the details before that happens."
] | [
"I'm fairly sure they lose much more than 20%. And what more are they supposed to do? It's either let them fight and not get paid as much or not let either guy fight. What more do you want? And really none of it matters anyway. Most fighters have to cut weight in order to meet the limit and then put all of it back ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does the American system of dating someone work? | [
"You ask someone out on a date. They say yes. You set up a time. Things go well. Repeat 3x. You get laid. They never call you again, or, you get married, live together for a number of years driving each other crazy, then they take half your stuff. Its pretty straight forward."
] | [
"Because people think they are the best. Do you want to enumerate your concerns?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
If Silicon conducts better when it heats up, why does my computer work better when it's cold? | [
"> So, logically, my computer should run faster and better whenever it is hot. Firstly, just because you speed up the speed at which charge is conducted in each part as a function of temperature does not mean it will just magically run better. Some of the systems require being at the same frequency or careful multi... | [
"Because they aren't 100% efficient, some of the energy you put into it is transformed into heat. It gets hotter and hotter of that heat isn't escaping faster than it is being made. Same thing goes for light bulbs, your body, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If I sell somebody a bag of flour while pretending it's cocaine, have I committed a crime? | [
"Yes, you have committed fraud of one degree or another (Depending on the amount of money gained through by fraud) by misrepresenting what you were selling with the intent to deceive and profit from the deception."
] | [
"Police can bust you for soliciting a minor for sex, even if there's no real minor. It's no different from them busting you for attempting to buy illegal drugs from them, even if they don't have any illegal drugs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does North Korea want to buy TV series rights, instead of pirating them? | [
"North Korea has an economy and does trade with other parts of the world despite sanctions. Simply stealing that content would be a disincentive for companies to do business with North Korea. Establishing good economic ties with the broader world is crucial for the North Koreans if they want to develop and ever rej... | [
"They want you to subscribe to the TV channel, not be able to watch for free online."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The end of the blair witch project. | [
"Someone else found the backpack containing the footage in or around the abandoned house the students enter in the last scene, but nothing else of theirs, no bodies, no nothing. The Blair Witch got them. Fun fact: The film was mostly improv, and the actors playing the students were hiked over long distances during ... | [
"Related: what happened to the similar but different term Lakonia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The cable companies arguement to "Data Cap" my monthly internet usage is to prevent congestion of the system during peak hours. Can it really be congested? | [
"Yes, it's true. Netflix's servers are sending you the video, but it still travels down your ISP's internet connection to get to you. There is a limited amount of bandwidth from your ISP out to the Internet for you and every other customer to share. What's different with cable TV is that the TV signals come in via ... | [
"Depending on what your doing or how much data you have used a service provider will drop your bandwidth to a significantly slower speed. So the big open internet problem is that if you wanted to watch Netflix but if the internet wasn't open an ISP could essentially severely limit your speed to Netflix, either bec... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are shoes with heels on women considered elegant? | [
"It is awkward for the woman, and it is is generally uncomfortable for her. However, high-heels do have very specific purposes... 1) High-heels help to make the form of the female body, below the waist, more attractive. 2) High-heeled shoes force the legs into a state of muscle tension, meaning the the muscles of t... | [
"Maybe to reinforce that they are only to be worn on special occasions and are not to be too practical. Also the reason why they are usually uncomfortable and terrible to have to walk long distances in. Form over function."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What's the process for removing a US President that is mentally incapacitated. | [
"Woodrow Wilson suffered a severe stroke in 1919 and spent the remainder of his presidency as an invalid. A few decades later, Congress ratified the 25th amendment to avoid a repeating that. Section 4 says: > Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive departments o... | [
"I'm sure there's several reasons, but the one comes to mind is the case of someone potentially being coerced, blackmailed, forced, etc to vote for someone they don't want."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are skyscrapers from, say, the early 1900s safe given the limitations of technology back then? | [
"Well partly because people keep an eye on buildings to make sure they're still good every now and then, repairing and renovating as needed, and partly because steel girders and concrete are quite sturdy."
] | [
"There are plenty of buildings still standing that are well over 1,000 years old. 85 years is absolutely nothing -- and yes, our knowledge of building and engineering design was just as good back then as it is now. The principles of physics and architecture that enable buildings to stand up have been well understoo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do the fork, knife and spoon seem universal? Where did they originate from? | [
"Using those utensils is far from universal.There are many places that don't use any of those to eat. Chopsticks are common in East Asia. Using bread is a popular way to eat in the Middle East. Hands are probably the most common way to eat food in the world. As to the development of utensils, probably started as wa... | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why aren't there hyper-realism paintings from decades/centuries ago? | [
"Smaller talent pool. Nowadays there are billions of people who can have access to quality art supplies, and share their work worldwide easily. Many centuries ago the number of people who had the ability to spend free time painting was much smaller, so the top 1% of them weren't as good as the top 1% today. Also, y... | [
"Yep. There are just so many of them that they don't enjoy the celebrity status that some historical artists did. Plus, access to supplies and information is 1000+ times more common than in the Renaissance or Baroque."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Art and History:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Art and History:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do we look down on HGH users when it is perfectly acceptable for women to use hormone replacement therapy. | [
"I think HGH is looked down on because it is linked to cheating in athletics and sports. It is grouped with steroids and other performance enhancers as something that is really bad. However it is like all other drugs, when used in moderation it can be beneficial. Part of the issue of people being so against HGH als... | [
"Older players didn't use steroids because they used much stronger performance enhancing drugs such as speed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What makes Snopes the authority on whether claims are true or false? | [
"They reveal their research process, cite their sources, constantly update their articles when they find new information and most importantly they are not afraid to correct any errors they've made. Basically they practice what good researchers are suppose to do."
] | [
"It's literally what it sounds like, articles written and presented to look like news that contain sensational stories that are completely made up. Things like \"FBI agent investigating Hillary Clinton found dead\", to use a relatively widely-read example. The authors put ads on the site and make money when people ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does gravity work if it isn't made up of particles? | [
"We don't really know how gravity works, only that it does. It's one of the four fundamental forces of the universe, which means that it doesn't depend on anything else to work. Think of it as part of the base code of the universe."
] | [
"Write down everything you think causes gravity. add it all up. See how much gravity there actually is. Whatever is left is caused by dark matter. It is called matter because we think of matter as causing gravity and it is called dark because we have not seen (directly detected) it. Write down everything you think ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What's holding us back from independent internet? | [
"All the data you download requires a lot of behind-the-scenes support, and *someone* has to do that work. It's not as simple as just running a cable from your house to the Internet."
] | [
"Making a standard and getting people on it costs money. And there's no profit for doing it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Emergency broadcast test. Do they also work while connected to Netflix? | [
"Every cable, satellite, and over the air broadcaster is required to broadcast the alerts. App and website developers are not. So if you're playing a video game, browsing the Internet, or watching TV, you won't get the alert (although alerts are broadcast out to smart phones)."
] | [
"I used to be able to watch longer videos on my phone via LTE. Apparently this changed sometime earlier this week. Now when trying to watch, say, a 3-hour podcast on YouTube, it says that the video is only available on WiFi. This is very new and I'm wondering why YouTube would do this. Anyone?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is it that the rate at which my laptop battery charges decreases dramatically the closer it gets to 100% charge. | [
"I'm not an expert in this topic, but I do have a little background with it. Your laptop is probably running off of a lithium ion battery. Lithium ion battery have a risk of being damaged if you overcharge them (or fully charge them actually). The circuit designers usually use a constant current source to charge it... | [
"It doesn't matter. It automatically regulates power supply to prevent anything from damaging the battery; for instance, when the phone reaches 100% it stops charging, and only starts charging when it falls below like 98%-95%."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
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