query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How does organ transplant from an adult to a young child work? | [
"It short, it doesn't. Children can be donors as well, though. Size is one of the major factors used to determine organ compatibility. From the [UNOS website](_URL_0_): \"Proper organ size is critical to a successful transplant, which means that children often respond better to child-sized organs. Although pediatr... | [
"Organs from cancer patients are often automatically set as unusable for transplant. So it is somewhat rare that it would happen, but if it did happen it would spread quickly due to the anti-rejection drugs suppressing the immune system of the person getting a transplant."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does the Left-wing of US Politics tend to still be very right-wing and conservative in comparison to European political parties (including the UK even tho it's not a part of the EU) | [
"Slight nitpick: The UK *is* still part of the EU. They are going to leave, but have not done so yet. As for your question, I think that's rally something that's hard to gauge. There are things that the super ultra conservative US politicians are a lot more *liberal* about than anyone in Europe. Basically what's c... | [
"'Tory' is a nickname for Conservative. So the Tories are the Conservative party. They are a Centre-Right to Right wing party. Possibly a little more right wing than their closest equivalents in Europe, and a little more left wing than their closest equivalents in the US. Theoretically at least, they stand for the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Political Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Political Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is it that sometimes when you look at the moon it seems so much larger than other times? | [
"There are times in its orbit that the moon is slightly closer to earth. But what you are describing is an optical illusion. When on the horizon your eyes and brain can reference how its size compares to what it knows is big (a mountain, a certain stretch of the horizon, etc. When up in the sky there is no basis fo... | [
"The moon can block out the sun because it's massively closer than any planets. Sometimes that one really bright star you might see in the night sky is actually Venus. It's just a tiny point of light and it's the closest planet to the earth. Other planets in our own solar system will be even less visible than that.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How can a space probe transmit information over 200,000 miles across space but I lose a radio station after 50 miles? | [
"Use an antenna [this big]( _URL_1_) and you'll pick up that radio station (or space probe) just fine. NASA and others use arrays of really big antennas (34 and 70 metres across) to communicate to long range probes. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Satellites are small, usually no bigger than a car or a truck, and they also don't give out any light. Can you spot a car from 100km away?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science and Technology:"
} |
Why does extreme pain sometimes make us pass out rather than fight for survival? | [
"Technically it is fighting for survival. When you're under that much pain the cardiovascular system can't handle the pressure. Everything is working so hard so the body just passes out to block the pain. If you don't pass out your heart could pay the price. You pass out to not die."
] | [
"For some very depressed people, the only thing stopping them from committing suicide is the lack of motivation to do so, brought on by depression. As the treatment works, it can, in rare cases, give them just enough motivation to actually go through with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it ok to say words like "bitch"or "ass" on tv but not on the radio? | [
"Cable TV (like comedy central, and the like) aren't federally regulated. The only censorship they take part in is self-censorship. They don't show nudity and limit curse words because their advertisers ask them to. Radio is federally regulated, because it comes into your house whether you want it to or not, so the... | [
"It's because cleavage, and even side boob, are apart of normal clothing for women to wear. Showing the whole nipple however is not and is very preventable. It's like how you can say \"dammit\" or \"shit\" on regular tv, but only \"fuck\" on TV-MA."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Linguistics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Linguistics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are glasses 'bad' for my eyes, and contacts 'good'? | [
"No. Usually, if anything, contacts are more likely to be \"bad\" for your eyes, in that they can lead to infections / eye drying out with poor habits/use. With proper use, neither is better/worse."
] | [
"That's what my ophthalmologist told me would happen. And indeed it did deteriorate very quickly after the first pair of glasses. But really, what are your options? Wear glasses and have your eyesight deteriorate and slowly stabilize at a degree of short-sightedness (or long-sightedness, etc.), or not do anything a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
With the massive negative publicity scientology gets nowadays, are new people still joining, or is it just dwindling out? If people are still joining, eli5 how they are tricked into believing it is still true after everything that has come out about the scientology cult? | [
"From what I've seen from several documentaries about scientology they have focused on recruiting from within families and use familial ties within against each other to force more recruitment and retention. Scientology are dicks, yo."
] | [
"\"Experienced\" does not necessarily mean \"good\". Hubbard has never been considered a particularly good writer by most people who read sci fi, except for scientologists who, admittedly, have to be brainwashed into thinking it. He was creative, sure, but that also doesn't mean you're actually good. But hey, peopl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Decimal exponents/powers | [
"Any decimal can be rewritten as a/b, and n^a/b will represent the b^th root of n^a. In this case: 2^1/2 = 2^nd root of 2 2^1/3 = 3^rd root of 2, etc. So we can rewrite 2^1.3 as: 2^1.3 = 2^13/10 2^1.3 = (2^13)^1/10 2^1.3 = the 10^th root of 2^13 EDIT: Corrected (but not simplified) as per DubiousCosmos"
] | [
"1024 because binary 1000 if using SI units."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does using a revolving door save energy? | [
"I believe that the general idea is that the revolving door never permits a complete passage from the interior to the exterior. So, you lessen the amount of Heat/AC that escapes, which in turn lessens the amount the Heat/AC has to run to replace it."
] | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How was France chosen for a spot on the U.N. Security Council as a veto-wielding member? | [
"It was one of the surviving non-Axis great powers at the end of the war. Whatever one might think of France, from the perspective of a person living in 1945 with a knowledge of history, leaving France out would have seemed much less odd a concept than the inclusion of China probably was. Brazil was a minor power. ... | [
"Because the UN does not have the power to do this. Such an order would have to come from the UN Security Council, where most of these countries have veto power."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How dirty is money? What would happen, for example, if I hold every coin and bill I receive in my mouth for 4 seconds before pocketing it? How long until I'm deathly ill? | [
"I was at a strip club one time and a large African American strippers \"trick\" was to tent a dollar bill and sit on it, hard, making it disappear between her ass cheeks. I imagine any money I handle has passed through that strippers ass cheeks."
] | [
"It's more a matter of frequency. If you consider all the times in a day you touch a person (shake hands, etc.) or touch something they touch (doorknobs, etc.), it ads up to a lot of exposure. If you sucked that many dicks, every day, from that many random people, you would probably get sick a lot."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is that we can't do certain things in our dreams (read, etc.) that we can do in real life? | [
"Certain parts of your brain become less active when you're sleeping. Also, your brain does not have good facilities for certain kinds of simulation - reading a book in your head is not very useful, so it's not a part of the brain. Your brain *can* learn to read in your dreams, but it's a skill you don't normally n... | [
"I am interested in this as well. I often find myself dreaming that I am in a location that as far as I am concerned does not exist multiple times. It only exists in my dream but I dream about being there quite frequently."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how can the human body be so resilient at times and at others weak. | [
"It just depends on the specifics of the trauma. We're not just blobs of goo, we have an internal structure to us. Injure something really really important, like a major artery, and chances are you die. Avoid the important parts, and you have a better chance to live."
] | [
"reading the comments here make me wonder what sort of experience it must be, to be blind all of your life, and then gain sight. the stimulation must be overwhelming."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do a large number of Americans seem unwilling to acknowledge the possible benefits of reforming gun laws? | [
"Well, the fact that the right to bear arms is enshrined in the Constitution is important. People who agree with that right place it in the same category as the right to free speech, right to remain silent, etc, and an important strain of American political thought considers it unacceptable to even consider revoki... | [
"Because people want to pay less money to the government, and are quite willing to forget any facts that get in their way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Economics:"
} |
Can police/ambulance personnel just turn on their sirens/lights or do they have to meet some criteria before? | [
"Each agency has criteria for usage of lights and sirens. Some areas are more loose, some more specific. I've worked with some agencies where there are highly specific rules - others operate on more of a \"use your best judgment\" rule. As an example, when I was working, I'd have my lights activated frequently if I... | [
"I am not a lawyer and am not from Washington. My suggestion would be to slow way down, turn on your hazards and call the police department (actual PD or dispatch would be better than 911). Let them know that an unmarked car is being you with its lights/siren on and you don't know what to do. If dispatch tells you ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do you hear a "whooshing" noise when you cup your hand over your ear? | [
"The cochlea is a part of the internal ear (there are three sections creatively named inner, outer and mid). The cochlea is a small, round shell like organ that recieves vibrations from the mid ear \"hammer\". From what I remember in IB Bio a couple years ago, the sound of the ocean in ear is the sound of the fluid... | [
"Take 2 objects shaped like notebooks and place them on the side of your head, like you're making big elephant ears. Make sure they are pressed firmly against your head and in front of the ear. Now speak. This is what your voice sounds like to the rest of the world. It's a trick used by actual professional VAs test... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health and wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The significance of a Supreme Court appointment | [
"That justice serves until death and can swing how the court interprets constitutionality, potentially impacting just about any statute the government passes."
] | [
"Usually in that wording it would mean a position within an organization."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is snow sometimes easy to make objects with, like snowmen. While other times it's like fluff that just falls apart? | [
"It's mostly just how wet the snow is. Light and fluffy snow has very little water in it (which is why it's so light) but because there isn't too much water in it, it won't stick to much. More water will make it the thicker snow that's easy to clump together. Even more water makes it slush, where it's very clearly ... | [
"Wind pushes the grains around. The heavy stuff doesnt move as well as the light stuff, so it gets left behind. The too light stuff gets blown away completely. What is left is sand, too heavy to fly away completely but light enough to move alot."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the point of guest books? | [
"Guest books started out more like ledgers and were signed *after* the event took place. Guests would sign the book to state that the event did indeed take place and that they witnessed it (there were no photos, of course). Only later did guest books become more of a fashionable keepsake and started to get signed u... | [
"What are you using it for? Where are you located?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do we know what Ancient Egyptian sounds like? | [
"We don't, really, any more than we know what Ancient Greek or Latin sounded like. All we can do is make a rough guess based on how modern language sounds, but that's pretty inaccurate since language changes so much over the years. We have to use something to speak it though, so we just guess. If we had a time mach... | [
"To be a little less specific, what did people think the future in general would be like before the Industrial Revolution?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Linguistics:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Linguistics:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do we need to re-type our password? | [
"Just to make sure you didn't make a typo the first time."
] | [
"They email you if you forgot your password."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How is Scoville Test performed? | [
"They take a small, exact amount of the dried pepper in question, dissolve it in alcohol, then mix this solution into a cup of sugar water. They have 5 tasters drink that concoction to see if any of them can still detect the heat of the original pepper. If 3/5 tasters can detect the heat, then they'll dilute the so... | [
"Do you have Diabetes? There is also something called Maple Syrup urine disease."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the psychology and scientific reason for small children being so hyper and full of energy? | [
"In addition to Ace_Diamond's good answer, your basic assumption is wrong: > they don't eat a whole lot They actually do. They might not eat as much as *you*, but they're a hell of a lot smaller than you. Small children eat far, far more calories than an adult on a per-pound basis. Your average 3 year old weighs o... | [
"In general, I would say that \"crazy\" individuals often have a hard time taking care of themselves. That might explain bad teeth, bad hair, bad skin, strange tics or habits, etc. If you mean the way someone's eyes look, then I'm not really sure. Although a lot of fear and anxiety is readily viewed in someone's ey... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can Microsoft implement Bash in Windows if it is licensed under GPL | [
"Microsoft isn't modifying Bash burying it inside of Windows, they're modifying Windows so that you can run Bash on it. The GPL (v2) wouldn't prohibit MSFT from shipping a modified copy of Bash with Windows anyways. The GPL just requires MSFT to share their modifications. If they took part of Bash & included it in ... | [
"\"Linux\" actually only refers to the kernel of the operating system \"GNU/Linux\", technically speaking. Android is based off it in the sense that they use the kernel Linux, but not some of the features of the \"GNU/Linux\" operating system. At least, that's what it seems like to me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What occurs on the tongue to cause bleeding after prolonged consumption of sour candies like War Heads? | [
"The sour flavor is an acid. Acids dissolve tissue. Enough of an acid, even if it is very weak, is going to dissolve enough tissue to cause bleeding."
] | [
"They are mouth ulcers. People can get them from too much stress, an oral injury like by brushing their teeth too hard or from braces, lack of Vit B12, Folic Acid, and Iron, and by eating certain foods, etc. They aren't contagious like cold sores."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't we cover the Sahara desert in solar panels to power the earth? | [
"Because the Sahara desert isn't where we need the electricity. Solar panels require a lot of space per watt, and then transferring that energy to someplace that will pay for it causes lots of energy loss. There are more profitable deserts in southern California, closer to people who will pay for electricity."
] | [
"Yes is theoretically possible. Build safe nuclear plants and renewable energy supplies. Convert everyone to electric powered cars. Stop building war machines. Disband all armies. Put them to work building infrastructure. It will not happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can the PS3/Xbox360 play such high quality games with such little RAM? | [
"The other thing to consider is consoles allow for a standardized platform. Meaning that developers can optimize heavily for only 1 type of hardware architecture. Where as games for PC must support a lot of different types of architectures. edit: Also minecraft is a bad base case because it's Java based which has i... | [
"Hardware is faster than software, which indicates the PS4 will have faster framerate than if it used software rendering."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is there always bad feedback on voice/video calls when using computer speakers, but not on speaker phones? | [
"This depends on the software used. The program can cancel out the audio it knows it's making, but not all programs do this, especially if they're designed with headset use in mind. I know for a fact that i never get feedback when using skype on my laptop, even if i don't use a headset."
] | [
"It depends on what type of phone you have and what type of device you're using. Most new phones can connect to multiple different types of devices like a smart watch and headphones. The problem is if you want to connect to say multiple speakers at the same time. It's very hard to transmit the data over a bluetooth... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why are commercials louder than the actual show? | [
"(What I have noticed / my thoughts (not facts)) TV shows and movies usually have the sound of conversation low so they can play with volume of effects and music. Example: Action movies where they can put loud music and effects to increase intensity of a scene. While a commercial wants to grap your full attention ... | [
"They make most of their money from selling advertising. Take something that a network knows a lot of people will watch, like the super bowl, advertisers know that their product/service will be seen by millions and millions of people who are watching the super bowl and pay millions and millions of dollars to show a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do Japanese people express their anger online if they can't use capitals? | [
"Bold fonts, plain old exclamation points. Bonus fact: in Arabic, you do this by making the strokes ending words longer."
] | [
"Why does it feel like people are asking questions so they don't have to do their homework lately?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the gas burn in this hexagonal shape in the bottle ? | [
"I think the \"hexagon\" that you're seeing isn't a hexagon at all, but actually a [meniscus](_URL_0_). It might appear hexagonal from your perspective, but it is probably approximately circular. From there on out, it is the flame following the path of least resistance until it runs out of stuff to burn."
] | [
"For fire to burn it needs oxygen (Aka. it needs air), no air in the lighter, or the propane tank = no fire in the lighter or propane tank"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
LI5: Whats the difference between "cognitive science", "cognitive neuropsychology", "cognitive neuroscience" and "cognitive psychology"? | [
"cognitive science - This is a broad science that attempts to answer the question \"Why do we think?\" using multiple sub-disciplines, such as: cognitive neuropsychology - What structures in the brain allow us to think? How do these structures work? Think of this one like a big brain made of lego - they want to foc... | [
"Meta-cognition is cognition about cognition. Meta-Linguistics is language about language. Meta-Philosophy is philosophy about philosophy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does poo 'Burn' sometimes? | [
"Sometimes, it burns a lot after eating spicy foods. That is the same reason it burns going down. LPT: After eating spicy foods and when you're anticipating a painful poop, put some petroleum jelly on your anus first. It helps coat it and soothes the pain"
] | [
"Why doesn't your tounge bother you until you notice it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Psychology:"
} |
How can Samsung agree to manufacture iPhone panels and at the same time have pending patent case with them? | [
"They sign an agreement with Apple in which they agree to manufacture panels for the iphone despite the fact that they have a pending case against Apple. Just because you're suing someone doesn't mean you can't do business with them."
] | [
"Apple said HTC infringed on 10 of its patents. The court ruled that it did infringe on 1, but not the other 9. The ruling would ban the sales of HTC android phones in the US starting April. In reality, either HTC or google will make a change to it's product so it doesn't infringe on the patent. Whatever they do wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are some leaves (like lettuce, grape leaves, and rosemary) digestible to humans while others (like oak leaves, grass, and most other pine needles) are not? | [
"We are not good at digesting plant matter. So the leaves have to be soft, because our teeth are not made for chewing up tough vegetation, and contain sugars and starches, not only cellulose which we cannot digest. That said, there is nothing stopping you from eating grass. Some of it contains sugars that are usefu... | [
"The difference is in the botanical and culinary definitions of the terms. In botanical terms, a tomato is a fruit because it is the fruit of the plant, and a peanut is a bean because the plant it comes from is from the Fabaceae family. There isn't really a definition for \"vegetable\" in botany. Also, in botany a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that I see a tint of green in mirrors? | [
"glass is often made with iron, whos content creates a green tint. That assumes the mirror is made with glass. and there is low iron glass that is more clear, but would be rare to find in a mirror as its more expensive."
] | [
"Dumb follow up question. Do people see the mirror you or the picture you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do teeth that have been straightened by braces need retainers to keep them from becoming crooked again, but teeth that are naturally straight don't become crooked? | [
"Teeth come out the way they come out; crooked or straight or sideways or however. The shape of the roots determines the way those teeth come out. Braces can correct the deformations in the root, but our bodies formed the way the formed for a reason. So once the braces come off, the roots start changing the tooth f... | [
"Humans evolved from apes. Apes have an protruding jaw; it sticks out from their face. Humans have flat faces. But when our jaws receded, our teeth lagged behind. They don't always fit into our mouths. This causes problems like overbite and impacted wisdom teeth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Dentistry:"
} |
How does medicine like Asprin work? | [
"Aspirin reduces pain and inflammation because it blocks the activity of a protein (called cyclooxegenase, or COX) which helps produce molecules that promote inflammation (called prostaglandins). It helps thin blood in the prevention of strokes and heart attacks because blocking COX also prevents the production of... | [
"Its an amphetamine, It isn't necessarily healthy for you and it can become habit forming. Need a better explanation?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why did US draftee soldiers get harassed when they returned home? | [
"Because a lot of people believed the war in Vietnam was wrong or morally reprehensible. They transferred their hatred of it to the men that fought it. They felt that a truly moral man would have refused to go or would have refused to fight. I don't agree with them, FWIW: it's amazingly easy to call someone in a wa... | [
"There a few defections (by few I mean very very few) by African Amerians during the Korea War. One example is that of Corporal Clarence Adams, who was captured by Chinese forces. Instead of being repatriated to the US at the end of the war, declared that he wanted to stay in China because of the racial discriminat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why A Mobile Phone Provider Can't Block Calls from a Private Number | [
"They can absolutely block the calls - the problem is that in order to figure out what number it came from, they have to cross-reference the times of the calls against their system logs to find the exact connection record and figure out where it came from. That's a pain in the rear and most telcos aren't willing to... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
the Christian relationship to the Old Testament. If the New Testament came along and changed much of the OT's doctrines, why is the OT still considered just as valid? Why isn't Christianity just based on the NT? | [
"It is based on the NT. Maybe I can explain like you're 5 (or close). There is sin, and ever since Adam & Eve screwed it up, we are all born with sin. God has very high standards and everyone is bad in his eyes. In order to be forgiven for our sins, people did sacrifices. Why? What would God want with a goat? Not j... | [
"Mormons are not even considered Christian by most other Christians because they have a different scriptural text that they use to run their religion with the book of Mormon. It is very similar as to how Christians are not Jewish because we have a different scriptural text that we base our religion on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If companies like Stub Hub buy and resell tickets at higher prices, why can't the original venue just sell the tickets to the public at that higher price? | [
"Ticket resellers are taking a risk by doing this. If they buy out a venue and then they find out that it is going to be hard to fill all the seats they will have to drop the prices and sell the tickets with a loss and maybe they will end up with unsold tickets on the day of the event. For big companies it is fine ... | [
"The fees go to Ticketmaster themselves, which is the problem. They charge $5 convenience fee and $2 for the right to print out a piece of paper. That's why it's ridiculous. It certainly does not cost ticketmaster $7 to process each transaction. Unfortunately, their status as a ticket broker means they are able to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are all these police officers standing in front of a grand jury rather than facing a normal trial? | [
"The constitution says: > No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger In otherwords: Someone accuse... | [
"If you mean the police showing up, it's the same police who showed up at the corpse of a man one of the main characters killed. If you're talking about the organ music in place of the end credits, no idea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Law and Criminal Justice:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Criminal Justice:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do system administrators trust closed-source software vendors? Are there no privacy concerns? | [
"Privacy isn't the primary risk for commercial operations. Support and maintainability is. So you go with major suppliers because they effectively guarantee the system will work and they provide support in case it doesn't."
] | [
"It's the same as any hacking, it's just done with the express permission of the system's owner. You can hack your own computers, for example, all you want. EDIT: Typically white-hat resolves to reporting problems to the owner, helping them harden their systems against those attacks, and reporting flaws exploited t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what's the difference between the debt ceiling and the deficit. | [
"The deficit is basically how much money we are borrowing per budget year (e.g. the federal budget is $12, but they only have $10 to spend, so the deficit is $2). The Debt Ceiling is the maximum debt that Congress will allow the Treasury to incur. As the National Debt (the total accumulation of all our deficits l... | [
"Because politicians are douche bags. The idea is that if they regularly bring the debt ceiling up, they have a wedge issue to use to fund raise, to bicker over and the use as a bargaining chip for other legislation. They friggin' passed the budget that is causing the debt to increase and then fight over raising th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:"
} |
Why can't I see salt after it dissolves in water? | [
"Because individual ions are far too small for you to see. We can't even see them with the most powerful microscopes, though we are getting close."
] | [
"1: where is the visual representation? 2: Are you talking about when the water pours backwards out of the glass and dribbles down it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how 4 stroke and 2 stroke motors are different | [
"A four stroke motor has the piston make two up strokes and two down strokes. A four stroke works like so: Stroke 1) intake (Piston moves down pulls fuel air mixture into the cylinder) Stroke 2)Compression (Piston moves up and compresses fuel air mixture) Stroke 3) Combustion ( Spark plug fires and ignites fuel air... | [
"stirling engine is type of external combustion engine. it will be easier for you to undrstand how it is working, if you look at the diagrams on wiki: _URL_1_ basicaly it's using two cylinders, where one is heated, second is colling. (it can be different in other types of engines. this is the basic one) it have no ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How are laws against monopolies actually enforced? Is it a company's fault if they just simply have an uncompetable business model? | [
"Having a monopoly is not illegal. Creating a monopoly on the other hand is illegal and the government will try to prevent them if they think it will cause problems. Thats why you often hear of government needing to confirm large business mergers."
] | [
"They aren't a monopoly. I can reasonably get access to similar products and services from other companies. There isn't really anything Amazon does that forces me to use them exclusively so they aren't viewed as anti-competitive. Big companies aren't broken up because of their size. They are broken up because they... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If hottest color of flames are blue, how come the sun is yellow/orange? | [
"Because of our atmosphere, the sun is actually white. When we see the Sun at sunrise or sunset, when it is low in the sky, it may appear yellow, orange, or red. But that is only because its short-wavelength colors (green, blue, violet) are scattered out by the Earth's atmosphere."
] | [
"Air is clear,not blue,red, or yellow. Are you actually trying to say why the sky appears blue ? Which intern will devolve why it can actually also appear yellow and red even green."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why are states banning Tesla? | [
"The status quo in the United States is, car manufacturers sell cars only through dealers. There are various state laws that enforce this. Tesla wants to sell cars directly, without going through dealers. Dealers are mad because they think they deserve a cut of all car sales."
] | [
"because dealership owners can't make money on Tesla sales since Tesla sells direct to customer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do they put the Shuttle Enterprise that just flew over New York on top of the 747 and how do they make sure it stays put while in flight? Also, how does the 747 support it? | [
"The 747 is specially configured with mounting brackets to hold it in place. The engineers of the 'brackets' have the shuttle at an angle which uses the shuttle's wings to also provide lift to lessen the weight that the 747 has to carry. They *are* rocket scientists."
] | [
"There are no shuttles any more, so I assume you are going to talk about the upcoming russian soyuz launch to the ISS They sit there for three hours because thats how long it takes to fuel the rocket. Once has started fueling you want the astronauts strapped in and everyone else several miles away, in case the rock... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do people get chills whenever they see/experience something that creates a strong emotion? | [
"When you experience a strong emotion, your brain sends signals to your muscles that make them tense up. When the muscles in your skin that are attached to hairs do this, they make the hairs stand up and pull your skin up just a bit, creating goose bumps (or chills). This so-called \"pilomotor reflex\" in animals o... | [
"Good question. I don't have a scientific answer, but it's fun to imagine just what part of your brain is being tickled when you hear music or whatever that sends chills down your spine. You familiar with /r/frisson?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How did Rhode Island accidentally legalize prostitution? | [
"Prostitution was legal in Rhode Island between 1980 and 2009 because there was no specific statute to define the act and outlaw it, although associated activities were illegal, such as street solicitation, running a brothel, and pimping. Sauce: wikipedia"
] | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do robots/computers/electronics/etc. become self-aware? | [
"They don't (not yet at least). There is not currently a swlf-aware machine or piece of software."
] | [
"> Why are AI's so difficult to create? Because we currently don't fully understand the nature of consciousness or self-awareness. It's hard to replicate what we don't understand. > Also - has an AI ever asked us a question in order to gain information it needs to solve a problem? No, because we've never created a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If companies keep lowering wages for workers and pump their product prices, aren't they shooting them selves in the foot? | [
"1. are they? lots of companies that are famous for this like amazon, walmart etc are actually making things cheaper by reducing labour costs - look at the relative cost of food now to 50 years ago for example 2. Assuming you're right, it depends on what they sell. doesn't really matter if my chandelier engineers c... | [
"The prices of the products built in the US would sky-rocket, immediately, and dramatically. Having to spend more money paying your workers the American Minimum wage means making less profits, unless you increase the retail price of each unit to make up for it. Poorer people wouldn't be able to afford the goods any... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why car model releases and video game releases include the year after its current release? | [
"This is a number typically applied to third-quarter and fourth-quarter releases that are used in anticipation of the upcoming year. By September or October, nobody wants to buy the model for that year because they figure it's already old and a new version/model comes out in a couple months, so they might as well w... | [
"They get special dev kits. Release date is just a day where product will be in stores, besides most assetes can be made in advance."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is Scientology and why is there so much stigma surrounding it? | [
"Watch the documentary 'Going Clear'. That will explain everything you need to know about Scientology, most of which comes from the mouths of former members."
] | [
"Wait... Do you want us to explain the beliefs of Scientology, meaning the things that Scientologists believe to be true? OR Do you want us to explain belief in Scientology, as in: why do people believe the ideas that Scientology is offering? Because for that second one, I don't think humanity has a good answer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can't we freeze a person for a couple of years and bring them back to life without killing them? | [
"Living beings, including humans, are mostly water. When water is frozen it crystalizes and expands. These two effects taken together can burst cell walls causing massive systemic damage to living systems. It **is** possible to induce hypothermia to slow down body functions such as breathing and heart rate, but doi... | [
"It doesn't get rid of it. We are just hoping to put it away long enough it isn't our problem anymore."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How is it possible that a person like Michael Nicholson (who holds 30+ degrees) gained so many advanced degrees with little time (time between degrees) and income? | [
"50 years of non-stop education is \"little time\"? Holy moly. Apparently you plan on living to be 400 years old."
] | [
"Because there are far too many interested. Diploma is a way to reduce the people applying for a job plus the degree is a way to understand that they know something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does the new Reddit Privacy Policy mean for me? | [
"The main change that affects your privacy is that IP address logs will now be stored up to 100 days, rather than 90 days. IP addresses can potentially be used to track your usage across different accounts, and they can provide a rough guess to your geographic whereabouts, including movement over time. The extensio... | [
"Reddit as the new opiate of the masses?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why I can easily accidentally fall asleep on the couch while doing something, but have trouble falling asleep at night in the dark & in my bed? | [
"I'd guess because your mind starts working with lack of stimuli. Light stimulation works great for sleeping because you don't focus on all the stressors of the day or next day. I find it extremely useful to start my own dream as I'm getting comfy in bed. This provides some stimuli to keep my mind off of stress"
] | [
"Depends. What kind of waking up are you talking about? The one where you have no chance to go to sleep again (insomnia style) or more like waking up, realizing it’s still bed time, rolling to the side and going back to sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Sleep and boredom:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Sleep and boredom:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Biology:"
} |
Can an economic system thrive without a "low class" getting stuck with 'grunt' jobs? | [
"Statistically speaking, some people aren't smart enough for anything other than \"grunt work\". Those people need employment."
] | [
"I think the real fear is losing skilled jobs. Yes, our unemployment rate is 4.7%. However, our underemployment rate is 13.7%. The last decade has produced significant increases to costs of living (home/rent costs, insurance, tuition). During this time, many skilled jobs have been outsourced to citizens of other co... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does heat work in the vacuum of space? Why don't we get hit by the full force of the Sun's heat? | [
"There is no heat in space. Heat is the energy contained in matter. Since there is nothing in space (mostly) there is no heat. All energy that reaches the earth is in the form of radiation. Radiation that actually hits the earth, (a very small percentage of it) is either reflected off of the material it hits, or is... | [
"Temperature control. Once you get outside the atmosphere, there is nothing to dampen the effects of sunlight/moonlight. No clouds, no atmospheric diffusion, no nothing. Now, I'm sure you've gotten into a dark colored car on a hot day. Ever seen what happens to, say, a cellphone or a bottle of soda that's been left... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
how do glow in the dark toys, paints, etc. work? | [
"Glow in the dark items are composed of materials which show phophorescence (which has nothing to do with phosphor). The decay time of prophorescence (excited triplet state) is much longer than for a normal excited state (excited singlet eletron). This means after the material absorbs a photon (light) it can take c... | [
"This is called phosphorescence. It's when a material absorbs high energy light and slowly emits lower energy light over time. edit: An example of phosphorescence that you may not know of is in CRT TV screens. This is why you'll see an afterglow in a dark room when you turn the TV off. There's a layer of phosphors ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come you can hold your bladder for hours, but as soon as a toilet enters your vision it feels as though you’re going to explode? | [
"Your brain is what's suppressing the urge to urinate when it knows that there's no chance of urinating at the time. Once you're near a toilet, the suppressing wears off, and you feel the full urge to urinate. You can think of it as a measure to ensure that you take the opportunity to urinate when you can."
] | [
"I think your mind is telling your body relief is coming. My favorite is when you're holding it together until you get in front of the toilet and then your dancing to get your pants down. Lol"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:"
} |
Climate Change - If CO2 levels were dramatically higher in history, why are we concerned with rising levels now? | [
"Short answer: it's all about people. A hundred million (or even hundred thousand) years ago, it wouldn't matter if the sea level rose and most of Bangladesh was underwater. (That's not an exaggeration - it's a very low-lying country.) Today, if that happens, hundreds of millions of people lose their homes or lives... | [
"CO2 is a greenhouse gas which traps heat from the sun within the earth's atmosphere. If CO2 levels decreased enough, more heat would escape into space, thus the world would start to cool. If it weren't for CO2, the earth would be a big ice ball."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do dogs lick us when they're happy? | [
"It's a submissive show of affection. You are the dominant member of the pack. Also, people are delicious (because of the salty skin)."
] | [
"Why do you stare at your dog when it's taking a shit?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Animal behavior:"
} |
why do many people frown upon folks who order steaks well done? | [
"Imagine an apple. Large and juicy, full of flavour and nutrients growing on the branch. Think of it ripening, at some point it's at it's perfect levels of sweetness, crunch, and juiciness. Delicious right? Same with a rare steak. If you let it go too long, it loses the flavour. Loses the moisture content, loses... | [
"Because roughly half of the customers never ask for specials or cut coupons and just pay full price like fucktards and make the pizza shop more money. Perhaps, I shouldn't use fucktard in discussions with 5 year olds. I'll work on that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why aren't there separate sports leagues for people who do steroids/performance enhancing drugs? | [
"Because doing so would encourage the usage of performance enhancing drugs and that's not something society wants. Using performance enhancing drugs to try and go beyond what normal athletes can do is already unhealthy enough, having athletes try and out drug other drug using athletes would be quite a bit worse for... | [
"Older players didn't use steroids because they used much stronger performance enhancing drugs such as speed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
I've been seeing a lot of concerned talk about AI lately. Can someone explain to me what the big deal is? | [
"So imagine you programmed an AI robot to protect your house from intruders. The robot could perceive this as... - I will destroy the house so no intruders can enter it. - I will kill everybody in the world so there are no intruders. Combine this with robots for military use. Robots that can replicate themselves an... | [
"I want to learn from this question. I'm admittedly pretty ignorant on this subject but don't want to just believe the sensationalism that the media likes to spread about Islam. Thanks for any responses."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do we feel physical sensations when dreaming? | [
"Everything you feel is just your brains interpretation of the signals the body is sending it. The brain is still capable of interpreting feeling even if no singles are actually coming to it. So yes in theory your brain can make you feel anything, although how to make that happen is beyond our understanding at this... | [
"Blind people from birth do not see darkness, they see nothing. They dream in other senses like smell, touch, taste, and sound. On the other hand, people who become blind still dream visually."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The whole parallel universe conspiracy theory that is based on "Berenstain Bears/Mandela died in prison." | [
"Because the vast majority of people, like me, remember it being pronounced Berenstein, rather than Berenstain, somebody has suggested that time was tampered with and we all remember how it used to be before history was altered. Edit: a word"
] | [
"I'd guess it was the arrogant advertising beforehand: \"Unsinkable!\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
why do radio stations play the same songs over and over again? | [
"Most people listen to the radio in their cars, and most people are only in their cars for short drives a couple of times per day. Playing popular songs ensures the most people will listen to that station, and playing the most popular songs multiple times per day ensures that the most people hear it."
] | [
"There are multiple lists -- fiction, non fiction, childrens, etc. It's like music. What's the #1 song right now? Well, that's going to depend on whether you're talking about pop, country, rock, R & B, and so on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are left-wing politics called "liberal" in the U.S. when it's the opposite in the rest of the world? | [
"In Europe, the French Revolution saw the use of the word \"liberal\" to mean opposition to the monarchy and favoring individual rights and democracy, often with a revolutionary connotation. In Britain the term \"conservative\" came to be used to oppose the revolutionary concept of liberals, suggesting that social ... | [
"Socialism and communism are very closely linked -- in fact, socialism is a stepping-stone on the road to communism. The party that ran the USSR was the Communist Party. You shouldn't pay too much attention to names, though. The official title of North Korea is the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and \"democ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Political Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Political Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How come cats are lighter than dogs of the same dimensions? | [
"I'd imagine the bone and muscle of a dog is more dense. Dogs in general are bulkier animals when compared to cats."
] | [
"Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Biology:"
} |
Why do some single symbols take up massive numbers of characters in a text message? | [
"The character isn't really using 91 or 280 characters, but it's changing how all the other characters are stored. An SMS is 140 bytes long, and defaults to using a 7-bit alphabet which fits 160 characters in those 140 bytes (it's not actually ASCII, so it does cover more useful printable characters). As soon as yo... | [
"Emoji is a new addition to the Unicode standard which is a big list of all signs in all alphabets. An emoji will map to a number in the Unicode table and possibly some modifier numbers. The numbers are then encoded in a format that is supported by the transfer method. UTF-8 is quite common but it requires full 8-b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
what’s the best way to remember the difference between words like to and too, effect and affect and who and whom? | [
"For to/too, I say that if you're talking about someone doing a similar thing, it's too, and if you're talking about a destination/journey it's to. e.g. 'I'm going to the shops.' 'Me too.' For effect/affect, I use RAVEN (Remember, affect verb, effect noun). For who/whom, if you can replace it with 'he' or 'she' it'... | [
"You use an if the next letter starts with a vowel sound and a if it doesn't. An apple, a pear, an elephant, a donkey, etc. The only thing you have to look out for is words like unicycle or honor. They are a unicycle and an honor, because you look at the first sound of the word, not the first letter. Also, some peo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the legality in using copyrighted franchises/characters in youtube video to make money? | [
"Any time you have a question of the format \"Is *X* legal?\", the only person who can answer that question is *your attorney*. Laws vary by jurisdiction. How rights holders choose to enforce their trademarks vary."
] | [
"So that they cannot be sued for using copyrighted, unlicensed, offensive, or explicit images."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why don't beards start growing the same time as the hair on our heads? | [
"The productions or thickening of body hair is all due to the release of sex hormone at puberty."
] | [
"As best as I know, different areas of hair growth have many different properties. Not just speed but in some cases color. I have a beard and while most of it is black a little bit on each side of my chin is orange. Some parts grow faster and its just coincidence that for you its neck thats faster. Joke answer, you... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
The observable universe | [
"Thing is, it doesnt matter. We have no way of verifying one way or the other what is or is not out there. And if its past the point where the light can never reach us, that means it has absolutely no effect on us and never will. So its really just a matter of speculation."
] | [
"The space allocated for the entire program, it just becomes unmarked and available for rewriting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do non profit organizations work? | [
"Non-profits operate just like regular companies, they just aren't for the personal gain of a group of shareholders. They still bring money in, have expenses, and have a surplus or deficit at the end of the year. Just like regular companies, there are accounting and tax rules for non-profits. So if a billionaire do... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How can countries use grams for mass and weight measurements if they are different things? | [
"They can't. Specifically, the SI unit of weight is the [Newton](_URL_0_). The confusion arises because laymen don't have a good sense of mass; high mass means something resists its acceleration (i.e. F=ma, as m increases, it takes more force to accelerate an object). Weight is a _force_ that occurs on a mass in a ... | [
"You are comparing the metric system to the numeral system, their name conventions are not shared. That is why they don't match up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If the President dies and the Vice President is sworn in and then later pardons himself before he reveals that he was the one who killed the President, what would happen? | [
"How do you think he is going to pardon himself for a crime without telling anyone what it is? In any case, you can't pardon yourself."
] | [
"They are trying to find out if the Trump campaign violated the foreign policy laws. If they did, as the Nixon campaign violated burglary laws, the President could be impeached by the House. He would then be tried in the Senate, and if he lost he would be removed from office. This would \"really do\" something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do goldfish grow as big as their surroundings? | [
"They're large pond fish. When kept in bowls, they suffer from ammonia poisoning, stunting their growth before killing them."
] | [
"A bowl is a horrible place for any fish. A proper aquarium needs filtration and ample surface area for oxygen exchange. Fish in bowls usually don't live out more than 2 years. A goldfish especially needs at least 10-15gallon sized aquarium. Goldfish are more demanding than other similar sized fish. An adult ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a non newtonian fluid and what makes them special? | [
"Examples: Shampoo, hair gel, toothpaste. They are fluids, and yet they retain a shape for a period of time (maybe limited, maybe indefinite) unlike water, which immediately conforms to its container (or spills out on the ground). In terms of the above examples, it is easy to see why non newtonian fluids are useful... | [
"Because in a vacuum a moving object has no resistance acting on it. Clarify the second part of the question please."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How can heat dissipate in space if there are no molecules to transfer energy to? | [
"Objects in space can still emit heat through infra-red radiation - that's what you see when you look at an object through an IR camera. Contact with other molecules is not needed."
] | [
"Yes it does. There are three main ways to transfer heat in or out of an object: 1) Conduction - Transfer of heat from a hot object to a cold object via physical contact. 2) Convection - Transfer of heat from your object to a moving fluid (i.e. air) that then goes somewhere else and transfers heat to another, coole... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some animals much more aggressive than others? | [
"Different species have found different techniques for survival. Some get food by attacking, others by sneaking, others by just eating plants. Some defend themselves by fighting, others by fleeing, others by hiding. Using a technique different from your competitors can increase your survival odds."
] | [
"First, not all of them do. Elephants and crocodiles can live to be 100. Second, it has a lot to do with metabolism rates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What are a hedgehogs spikes/spines/quills made out of? | [
"Hedgehog spines are just modified hairs, adapted to serve a defensive purpose. They are made of the protein keratin, same as your hair. Keratin is slow to break down, so is usually one of the last things to go when an animal decays."
] | [
"The shell is made up of panel-like things called scutes. With most types of turtles, these scutes shed periodically to allow bigger scutes to form. They are made out of keratin - same as human hair & nails. Source: I’m a turtle fan."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why can't spaceships be fitted with a magnetic field generator to avoid solar radiation? | [
"Generating a strong enough magnetic field to act as a shield has been discussed and theorized about for some time. However, as a practical matter, the power, size and weight requirements for using something like that on a spacecraft- and making it reliable enough for humans to use it safely- make it impossible wit... | [
"Currently only simulated gravity via a spinning object with the living quarters situated along the inside of the bulkhead. As the object spins, centripetal force would pull the objects inside towards the hull. Slightly more sci-fi, you could plate the floors of your craft with some sort of super-dense material, li... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do glow sticks work and what happens when you microwave it? | [
"There's two chemicals separated inside. When you bend the glow stick you mix the chemicals together and a reaction takes place. The energy produced by the reaction is absorbed by a dye, an electron is excited and then releases that energy as light. If you microwaved it it'd probably only speed the reaction up (an... | [
"Here are two extra questions: 1.What would happen if you jammed the door catch and started microwaving with the door open? 2. When I microwave olives (delicious), they sometimes spark, does that mean the seeds have metal in them and should I not be doing this without parental supervision?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How network provider can control my router and enable/disable wifi capabilities on my machine at home? | [
"There's a set of special commands that service providers can send to downstream devices for configuration, software updates, and that sort of thing. Basically as long as your router is up, they can perform routine maintenance and configuration on it."
] | [
"It means you are connected to your router, so you can do things like file share to other computers on that network, but your router isn't connected to the Internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
in music why does the DO note correspond to C and not to the first letter of the alphabet? | [
"The A-B-C-D-E-F-G notation system dates to the 6th century AD, at which point it the Aeolian mode (analogous to the modern-day natural minor scale) was one of the most common in Western music - and certainly more common than the Ionian (or major) mode. The solfege/Do-Re-Mi system dates from the 11th century, at wh... | [
"A sharp note is just a note a half-step above the root note. F is a half step above E, therefore it's E#, but it's known as F, so we just call it F."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How come the price of Oil went from 100$ a barrel to 27$ and the Oil price in my country went from 1,5€ per liter to 1,15€ per liter. | [
"Suppose you want to make a grilled cheese sandwich. You go to the store and buy cheese (crude oil), bread (refining), and butter (taxes). If each of these cost $1, your sandwich costs $3 to make. Now suppose cheese is on sale for half price. The cost of your sandwich went down to $2.50, not $1.50 because the other... | [
"Gasoline, expensive in America? You're joking right? In Denmark we're paying 9 USD/Gallon"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:"
} |
Why do many blockbuster games such as Assassin's Creed Black Flag, Call of Duty Ghosts, Tomb Raider, Bioshock Infinite, etc. get discounted relatively quickly but others, like NHL 14, are still nearly full price nearly 6 months after release despite the fact that it is a less popular title? | [
"There are two ways of making a profit, selling a lot of something for a lower price or selling a few of something for a higher price. Because the stores are guaranteed to sell a lot of copies of COD, they can afford to lower the prices on the game (and beat out competing stores). But for games that sell fewer cop... | [
"Some games come to PC first and to consoles later (Diablo 3). Some games come to consoles first and PC later because the developers want to optimize the game more or add new features (GTA 5). Some games come to PC later because Sony and/or Microsoft will pay a developer to wait so that the first release of the gam... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we instinctively know if something is good for eating? | [
"It's not instinctive at all for humans. Look at babies, they put all sorts of non-edible items in their mouths. What's good for eating is a learned behavior. We learn from our parents/society what is edible and what isn't. > Give a dog and deer an apple. The deer will probably eat it as soon as he understand you ... | [
"Some people believe they should be allowed to decide for themselves what is good and bad for them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How did Germany and Japan become allied as Axis powers? They are geographically far from each other, and have different languages and culture. | [
"List of reasons in no particular order: * They were both opposed to British and Soviet power. They both also shared common goals of expansionism at the expense of these rivals. * The Japanese were neither communist nor age-old rivals of the Germans like the Dutch, French, British, etc. * Each respected the other... | [
"Both were highly nationalist/militaristic societies that were worried about the Communist USSR. They had similar racist ideals, both dreamed of making Empires so they could make up for their lack of resources like oil, iron, and agricultural land. However, above anything else, they didn't trust democratic nations... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do so many recipes not add salt to meat before it's cooked? | [
"Because they're wrong and your mum was right ;) Salting the surface of a piece of meat before cooking draws out a little superficial moisture. However, this doesn't dry out the meat, it just allows the sugars on the surface of the meat to caramelise more readily - leading to a more flavoursome hunk o' beef/lamb/ch... | [
"Meat is mostly water, with some protein and fat. When it is cooked, the muscle fibers contract, both in diameter and length, squeezing out water. The more water squeezed out, the tougher it gets. The temperature you cook at also affects how tender a piece of meat will be, slow cooking at a low temperature will yie... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the USA use a "use it or lose it" funding system? | [
"It's not really a system, it's how budget processes for all large organizations work. Let's say you have a factory and a marketing department. You give the factory a budget of $500, and the marketing department $200. You sit down to figure out the next year's budget and you notice that the factory only spent $400.... | [
"It's expensive and they don't have a political or economic reason to do it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What makes any given bacteria inherently beneficial or harmful to humans? | [
"A couple of factors play into this. 1. How well can it grow inside the body. This includes how well it adapts to the environment inside our body and also how well it can evade death from our immune system 2. Does it release toxins? This ones kind of a no brainer when it comes to harming the body. 3. How does our b... | [
"Viruses are dependent on other organisms to survive, so my guess is bacteria or some other microorganism came first."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Biology:"
} |
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