query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
The scope of the universe, and how that relates to the statistical probability that we are the only intelligent life in the universe. | [
"There are about 300 sextillion stars in the observable universe. And if we assumed that each star has only half of the planets our sun has, that'd mean there could potentially be a septillion planets out there. Let me show you how big that number is... 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 Given that we've already dis... | [
"Because you then realize how insignificant we are compared to the Universe and there are other civilizations probably out there that we don't know about and the fact that our solar system harbored the right conditions for us to exist in a safe area of the galaxy is a miracle. Also we could be ended at any moment w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do things get off the reddit front page? | [
"My understanding is that it's not popularity, it's trend. Things move up when people upvote on it *right now*, but the push of the upvote fades over time. So unless people keep upvoting every day, it'll sink down."
] | [
"Reddit \"weighs things down\" so that other posts get a chance to be seen. Otherwise the Bernie Sanders AMA would be on the front page for two months."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How is it that ballerinas, break dancers etc. can spin around so much without getting dizzy? | [
"I don't know about break dancers but ballerinas and figure skaters have a trick for this. They pick a spot in the distance and keep their eyes on it. As they spin past that point they will snap their heads around to catch it from the other side. So, for most of the rotation their head is stationary. You can see it... | [
"Your inner hear has circular tubes full of liquid. The liquid in these three tubes move when your head moves so you keep a sense of your spacial location. That's how you know you are falling or hanging upside down. When you are dizzy from spinning on a chair it is because the liquid in your ears is still spinning ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Whales in the oceans, elephants on the lands; why there's no giant flyable birds in the air? | [
"We live in a 3 dimensional world. This results in something called the \"square-cube law\", which states that as an object grows in size its volume grows faster than its area. For example if we have a 1 foot cube it has 1 foot in volume. But a 2 foot cube has 8 cubic feet in volume. A 3 foot cube has 27 cubic feet... | [
"Because they have a better chance of not being eaten by birds, most of which sleep at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do chemist do experiments with boiling water when there's no such thing as a "real" boiling point? | [
"This is actually a really neat exploration of what we scientists call \"confounding factors\". These are details about the set-up of an experiment that can affect what our measurements say, but don't actually affect the underlying scientific principle. There is a \"real\" boiling point for water that depends only ... | [
"It would probably boil off and freeze at the same time because of the absence of atmospheric pressure. Our common intuition about phases is incomplete, since we assume atmospheric pressure. This is analogous to why the liquid water in a pressure cooker can exceed 100 deg c. In the opposite sense, the boiling point... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Why does the water used for tea and many instant meals have to be boiling? | [
"Instant meals are designed for the water to be a specific optimal temperature. Boiling water has the convenient property that it's always at the same temperature, so you don't have to fiddle with a thermometer to figure out when to put the water in. The water used for tea *doesn't* have to be boiling, and in fact ... | [
"The chlorine in tap water should keep bacterial growth at bay for about 2 days. After that, you run the risk of bacterial growth. There will also be marked pH differences that will make the water taste funny, thanks to absorption of carbon dioxide by the standing water. In short, dump put that water and wash the c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are the seas and oceans salty? | [
"The salt comes from dissolved rock salt, that's why it's there. So perhaps the question is, why aren't lakes and rivers generally salty? The answer is the water cycle. Everything drains into the oceans, where water evaporates and then falls as rain. Salt, however, does not evaporate with water. So the salt collect... | [
"Seas are geographic locations of the oceans where land and ocean meet. There are more than 7 seas. Our oceans have general boundaries, but ultimately it's difficult to really tell where one ends and another begins. Our Earth has 1 ocean, we just geographically call areas of this 1 ocean: Atlantic, Pacific, Indian,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Geology:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Geology:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why, when I swat a fly or other small bug in mid-air, doesn't the impact either kill it or disorient it to the point of landing on something? | [
"You can only hit the bug as hard as the bug can hit you. Punch a feather in mid air, or a piece of paper, no damage is done. Physics 101."
] | [
"At least with mosquitoes they land extremely lightly and their saliva contains an anesthetic that stops you from feeling the bite. So the only way you know that they're on you is by accidentally looking at it just as it's started to feed, which requires a fair amount of luck."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Entomology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Entomology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
The end of the world according to the book of revelations | [
"Anti-christ rules a while, everybody must wear the mark of the beast or they can't buy, sell, or trade, christians ascend into heaven either before or after, then christ returns and has a final battle that banishes evil forever. Then the earth is a paradise again."
] | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does having a fever hurt you and how do pain relievers help? | [
"A fever is the body raising its internal temperature to destroy whatever pathogen is causing the body irritation. The body isn't perfect. The fever can be too extreme or last too long. Heat doesn't just destroy the bad, but also the good. Pain relievers help relieve pain by blocking pain receptors. Pain is a sign... | [
"Some reduce inflammation which helps relieve pain, and some block pain receptors in your cells, so you don’t feel the pain. Different drugs perform different chemical actions that help with pain in different ways."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why extremely rich people like Donald trump file bankruptcy? | [
"Corporations are legal persons. They personally own assets and are personally responsible for debts. So when they fail, only the corporation is liable for the debts, not the shareholders. This is called limited liability. Corporations pay for this privilege by paying higher loan interest rates and by issuing compa... | [
"You can't file bankruptcy on student debt. It's good for the banks, not you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do the parasites that infect insect brains and such actually manipulate the host body's movements ? | [
"Screws with the hormone system (eg serotonin) . Doesn't make the ant do things, more it changes the way the ant behaves. EG. not make the ant climb, but make it really like the feel of sunlight so it goes and seeks that high place clear of shade."
] | [
"Most insects lack a central nervous system (brain). They behavior is all down to nerves interacting in the rest of their body. So even if they lost their head the rest of their body would just work as normally. Another feature that is not uncommon among insects is a high proportion of stem cells. This does make th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some cuisines significantly spicier than others? | [
"continuing on from previous explanations, the main theory is that spicy food is eaten in hotter places because heat induces food spoilage and spices help with that. Liking the taste of spices became something that was passed down the generations as those who ate spices were healthier (due to antioxidants and bacte... | [
"Humans are omnivores, which means we can eat lots of different things. That means that, unlike creatures that eat only one food (such as koalas with eucalyptus, or wolves with herbivore mammals) we must spend time thinking about what we eat. Is it healthy? Is it poisonous? How do we know? Well, we are guided by tr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The difference between the CIA & FBI | [
"The CIA is tasked with gathering information in other countries and with covert operations, and it's only supposed to operate outside the US. Since 911, that has loosened somewhat. The FBI is tasked with federal law enforcement. They do handle counter intelligence as well, by finding spies inside the USA and that... | [
"Also; what is the mental state of mind DURING?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What keeps the iron in my blood from getting rusted? | [
"The iron in your blood does not consist of pure metallic iron. Instead, the iron atoms are bound up in hemoglobin molecules in red blood cells. Hemoglobin carries oxygen by binding the oxygen to the iron atom, so you can *kind of* think of the iron as rusting every time it picks up an oxygen molecule, and \"un-rus... | [
"More blood is flowing to your face, blood is warm."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does my phone use (or seem to use) battery faster when it gets lower? | [
"If your battery is low, it actually takes more energy for your phone to draw energy from the battery to use. Think about it like a CapriSun. When the pouch is full, it takes almost no energy for you to draw that delicious juice out of the container, but when it starts to get empty, you have to work harder to get ... | [
"Try turning your iPad off. See how many charges you can get while the iPad isn't using any power."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does kitchen paper towel have those bumps all over it? | [
"If I had to guess, it adds more surface area allowing it have more grip on surfaces and absorb more liquids."
] | [
"It is not to stop it from drying out. it is to stop it from leaving a mark on things you don't want to write on"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does Google make money off of Gmail and Google Drive? | [
"I doubt they'd ever charge for them. That's not how the business model works. What they do, though, is analyse every e-mail you send or receive, and every document you save or share. They learn as much as they can about you. Then, you visit a completely unrelated webpage, and they're able to pull up their profile ... | [
"Most companies want you to pay streaming fees for services like Apple Music and google play."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is medicine in the United states so much more expensive (sometimes 200x) than it is in other countries? | [
"Because US corporations aren't allowed to negotiate by state. Everyone gets the same price. While all of EU countries are able to negotiate, therefore that drives the competition up and prices down."
] | [
"It's taxes. but you are correct in your second question. While taxes in Europe in general are higher, they are not THAT much higher. The key is that they do not spend in the same areas that the US done. So while the US defense spending is 3.8% of GDP, in most European countries it's closer to half that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Education:"
} |
Which doctors and nurses work in the Intensive Care Unit of a hospital? Do they all have to be experts in everything? | [
"No doctor is an expert in everything. A patient will receive care from the most relevant doctors. An ICU will have doctors with a variety of specialties."
] | [
"An MD is qualified to treat patients. They may or may not have an advanced scientific knowledge or have the ability to conduct meaningful research. A Ph.D. cannot treat patients. They are scientists performing research, trying to learn new things and develop new treatments. A specialist is an MD recognized as bei... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why in most computer calculations 1/(0.2-0.1-0.1) gives the correct result but 1/(0.3-0.1-0.1-0.1) doesn't? | [
"The problem is that it's doing the calculations in binary and can only store a limited number of digits. 0.1 can't be stored exactly in binary, in the same way as 1/3 can't stored exactly in decimal. You get rounding errors similar to the problem you'd have dealing with 1/3 in decimal: 1 - 0.333333 - 0.333333 - 0.... | [
"Consider the identity: (x^y )^z =x^(yz) Then if y=10 and z=0.1 we have (x^10 ) ^0.1 =x^(10*0.1) =x So, taking the (0.1)^th power is the same as taking a tenth root. Similarly, taking the (0.01)^th power is the same as taking a 100^th root, and so on. For decimals that aren't nice fractions you can do something lik... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Is Wi-Fi evenly split between users? | [
"The decision is made by the router and there are ways to go about changing it. Typically the router will give each device as much bandwidth as it wants at any given time. If it's out of bandwidth to give then typically it will split the bandwidth evenly. A 50 Mbps Wi-Fi router may slow if you have 5 devices all st... | [
"Portable WiFi hotspots use a cellular radio to access the Internet and a WiFi radio to form a local WiFi network. Is this the device you were asking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How long can you go without eating before you start to be in actual danger of dying? | [
"There’s something called the rule of threes for survival situations. You can survive... 3 minutes without air 3 hours without shelter in harsh weather 3 days without water 3 weeks without food"
] | [
"You will be unable to run more marathons due to exhaustion long before you actually starve to death."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why isn't there a universal currency by now? | [
"Because individual governments want control over their own currencies, because it really plays into economic policy. Like, the Chinese government controls inflation much more strictly than Western countries. Also, in Europe you had Greece on the Euro, but Greece had some bad policies that tanked its economy, deval... | [
"What makes you think there is an additional reason?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why moving around makes me feel like I don't need to pee as badly | [
"There are groups of muscles, like a sphincter, which everyone learns to use to control the release of urine from the bladder (*protip : these muscles are also used in conjunction with ejaculation in males and can be exercised to control premature ejeculation and ED). When you get up and move around, those muscles ... | [
"Why does a post about the need to urinate make me have to pee?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Health:"
} |
Why do showers always go extremely hot and cold before settling on the desired temperature? | [
"As someone who has worked on shower valves and systems, What /u/Herdnerfer said is semi correct. The hot water tanks are usually always on, but the water that reaches your shower first is all of the water that has been sitting in the pipes since you last showered. This has to get run out before the hot water appea... | [
"Your head is closer to the shower head. By the time the water reaches the rest of your body the air has already cooled it down a little bit. Try putting your hand on your head to test this theory. I expect a full report on my desk this time tomorrow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Higher education in the US | [
"I just wanted to add that medicine and law, in the U.S., are postgraduate education, and require one to have an undergraduate degree before starting their course of study. For most, a prospective student must also take a standardized admissions test."
] | [
"Small, largely homogeneous population, high standard of living."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is something like steak able to be eaten more acceptably whilst undercooked while something chicken isn't? | [
"Chicken and pork are likely to carry diseases, specifically salmonella and trichinosis. Steak and fish are less likely to have disease, so rare steak and sushi are safe as long as they're sourced properly."
] | [
"Couple of things I don't think are quite accurate with your assumptions: I don't think humans are naturally carnivorous. The structure of our teeth indicates that we are more herbivorous or omnivorous than anything. Secondly, humans can eat raw meat. You can eat a raw steak, it just needs to be thrown on a grill m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Is there a reason why we start to not like a song as much after listening to it over and over? | [
"You're mind is no longer surprised by all of the little subtleties that were so intriguing before you knew they were coming."
] | [
"So people can choose to repeat a single song, or repeat an entire album, library, playlist, whatever. Some people like to just listen to the same song over and over again, I guess."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why things are so much more expensive in Australia | [
"Taxes and the cost of actually bringing the product to the country as we are sort of surrounded by water..."
] | [
"It's not. It just looks that way from down here."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
With over 350 million citizens in the United States, how is it even possible that the same two families become presidential hopefuls ? | [
"Because having a husband, or a father and a brother, who were President, means your family has the money, influence, and connections needed to be a serious presidential contender."
] | [
"In the beginning, when states like Pennsylvania had much higher populations than several other states combined, it was a measure to prevent one state from being the deciding factor. Nowadays... well, who knows, it should likely be the popular vote."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about history:"
} |
How does shaving gel turn into foam? | [
"Chemical reaction to oxygen. Like you are five: Once the stuff inside the compressed tube meets the air...it goes all crazy and changes."
] | [
"It lubricates the skin so that the razor blades slide across instead of getting caught in the skin and causing nicks. You can use soap or olive oil to achieve the same effect, but shaving gel/foam was created expressly for the purpose."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How come when we squint we can see things a bit more clearly? | [
"Because you are approximating a pinhole. By doing this you reduce the surface of the lens in your eye, which increases the depth of field, just as stopping down a camera lens increases the depth of field. To give you an example of this, hold your finger up in front of you and close one eye. Now if you focus on you... | [
"I've heard if you close one eye and keep one open, blindness is what you see from the closed one. Try it, you don't see black, you really see nothing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why Are Outlet Store Prices Lower Than Normal Store Prices | [
"in the beginning. outlet stores were items that had defects, were returns, or overstocks/excessive inventory. then as retailers caught on that people were preferring outlet stores, they started making items specifically for outlet stores essentially creating two lines."
] | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what does the pancreas do exactly? | [
"It helps digest food and also regulates the concentration of key molecules in the body - for example, blood glucose. That's why when the pancreas stops working properly, you can get diseases like diabetes."
] | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I'm growing my facial hair and have some stray red hairs in my beard. Why is this and am I in danger of one day having ginger children? | [
"According to my first year biology textbook: Dark hair is dominant over light hair, however the gene for red- or not-red hair is inherited separately, with red being the dominant trait. If you have a recessive blond gene and were to reproduce with a blonde woman it is possible you would pass along the recessive li... | [
"As best as I know, different areas of hair growth have many different properties. Not just speed but in some cases color. I have a beard and while most of it is black a little bit on each side of my chin is orange. Some parts grow faster and its just coincidence that for you its neck thats faster. Joke answer, you... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are some swords single edged, opposed to double edged? | [
"A sword requires a certain amount of metal in order to remain sturdy enough to function, and the thickness of a sharp blade isn't enough. A blade with two sharp edges is going to be heavier and wider than a sword with one, so if you don't need two edges it is more efficient and superior to only have one edge."
] | [
"The transitions are a bit muddy and have shifted through history but a dagger is a double edged knife, a dirk is a dagger that is 6\"-12\" and a short sword is 1'-2' in length. Then you have numerous kinds of longer swords. But the answer to your question is 1'."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
In the 17th century, the average lifespan was half of what it is now. Were we always capable of living this long or did we extend life with modern medicine? | [
"The reason the average lifespan has increased so dramatically isn't because people are necessarily living longer, its because of a massive reduction in *infant* mortality. Average lifespan is a tricky statistic for that reason. If you have six kids and one dies at age 1 but the rest live to be 60, their average li... | [
"Cancer is what kills you if nothing else gets to you first. We've made long strides in general health and treatment of many diseases, which has caused us to live longer, which makes cancer a larger percentage of total deaths than it was further back in history."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is flopping so widely accepted and utilized in football (soccer)? | [
"It's definitely considered unsportsmanlike, but it's one of those things where your opponent is going to do it, so you do it. It's just sort of become part of the game's strategy at this point, which I'd say is unfortunate. But it's such a big part of the game because the possible rewards for drawing a foul call a... | [
"Football isn't all too popular in other countries because of the dominance of the other sports, such as soccer, rugby, basketball, hockey, etc. A lot of people find football boring, especially when compared to other popular sports. It's not boring because of the play, but because of the constant stops in play. Whe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is there a squeaky popping noise when you skim stones on a frozen lake? | [
"The speed of sound is different in different materials. In ice, the speed of sound is faster than in air. When the stone impacts the ice, the wavefront spreads out, and continually transfers to the air, so you'll actually hear the sound from the ice right next to you, before you hear the sound from the impact, all... | [
"The ice is causing the water on your hands to start freezing. You're actually being frozen to the ice when you touch ice with wet hands."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How the Miami Marlins are doing what they're doing? | [
"Don't worry, the SEC has been wondering the same thing regarding their finances: _URL_0_"
] | [
"They're not terrible. They're historically terrible. 14 losses in 16 games. On pace to be among the worst teams of all time. If your friends are fans, I am sorry."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How some people can live perfectly fine on 4 or so hours of sleep and others can't function without 8??? | [
"I work in sleep deprivation research in healthy human subjects and the best guess at this time is genetics, as we've seen relatives display similar resistance to the effects of sleep loss. We haven't identified the exact genes or biomarkers responsible with 100% precision but we've isolated some variants and most ... | [
"Sleep isn't so simple as \"missed 2 hours tonight, so I need 2 extra tomorrow night.\" Sleep is more about rhythm than anything else. Until and unless a rhythm is established, you will always feel tired. If you pull an all-nighter, generally you're going to need 3-5 nights of consistent, good sleep before your bod... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Health:"
} |
How do natural channels get footage of inside an animal nest or ant colony? | [
"Generally it's because of really expensive and powerful cameras. Often they use motion-sensor cameras that only record the time around when they sense motion, and so they can be placed in things like nests when they are unoccupied then conserve battery power and record when there's motion within the nest. Things l... | [
"It functions like a conveyor belt, moving debris out from the inside of the ear."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
European soccer leagues | [
"start visiting [r/soccer](_URL_0_). They have lots of good discussions, very helpful and entertaining match threads, and a cheeky amount of humor and rivalry. It's probably one of my favorite subreddits. Some might complain that it's too focused on the big popular teams, but frankly, that's what most people want t... | [
"There's a single NFL that every American football fan watches. That fan-base is split across just 32 teams. Soccer has regional leagues all over the world & people tend to focus on their local/national teams. FIFA has over 200 leagues and The Spanish Premier League alone has 20 teams."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are we told not to shower when there is lightning? | [
"Lightning wants to get to the ground and it wants to do that through the first thing it can reach. So houses are often built with a system to collect lightning that would strike the house and funnel it into the ground. It moves the electricity through your metal pipes. So showering during an electrical storm expos... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why doesn't Japan fully acknowledge and apologize for their actions in WWII? | [
"The Japanese government has apologized. But nothing the Japanese government ever says is acceptable enough. Plus, while the government has apologized, Japan is a democracy and some people within it--right wing hardliners, who have gained a lot of power in the past 15 years or so--are unapologetic and are trying to... | [
"Could the rebuilding of Japan after WWII be considered a partial colonization by the United States?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is the military still using 60 year old jet designs, when cars from the same era are already antiques? Why do jets seem to become obsolete so much more slowly than other complex machines? | [
"The product cycle for aerospace in general, and military aerospace in particular, is extremely long due to cost and technology. If you're going to spend that much money you want to get the most use out of it and it takes a lot of new technology to overcome the cost barrier for a new product. Nothing in modern use... | [
"It has gotten easier and more cost efficient to build a car. The problem is, technology has also continued to evolve. If you were building the cars of 60 years ago, they'd be much cheaper. Why aren't we building those cars? People are willing to pay for safer and more advanced vehicles."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come we don't have individual control of our toes like we do our fingers? | [
"Because you're not practicing with them. When a child is born they practice moving their fingers, as you grow you predominantly use your fingers to interact with your surroundings. Train these similar muscles and tissues in your toes and you'll get better at individual control of the digits"
] | [
"On a similar note I'd like to ask why this doesn't happen to other animals like dogs that bark all day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did frozen broccoli left in the microwave for 4 days get infested with bugs? Where did the bugs come from? | [
"Microwaves are not perfectly sealed. The device that makes your food hot (called a magnetron) usually needs some outside airflow so it doesn't overheat. If the broccoli was as smelly as you said, it's entirely possible a few insects followed the smell to its source."
] | [
"because you're going to eat it. Cooked meat can be dangerous if you leave it in the fridge for a few weeks. Just like raw meat. The difference is that if you put raw meat in the freezer, you can save it for a few months. Cooked meat can be left in the fridge for a couple days, but still is subject to rotting. Bein... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What did women do about their periods before the invention of things like tampons, pads, etc? | [
"Ever heard the expression \"being on the rag?\" Yeah, that's because women would generally just use rags in the same manner that modern women use pads. They just get washed afterwards."
] | [
"Abortions have always been a thing, they were just pretty unsafe and could either kill you or lead to sterility. Different herbs have been used as birth control or to induce miscarriage. Sometimes animal intestines or treated linen were used as condoms until rubber condoms were made in the 1850s. You can still buy... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are snacks in vending machines more expensive than snacks in stores? | [
"Because people are willing to pay it. Vending machines offer instantaneous convenience, often in areas where there are no other options. For example, if you're at a fair, there's a vending machine right there, and you can't go to the store and buy snacks without leaving the fair for like 20 minutes, waiting in lin... | [
"America has a culture of sitting. We drive almost everywhere, but in Europe its common to walk. High fructose corn syrup is lobbied and put in nearly everything you eat and its unhealthy. Seriously, go look at the ingredients at nearly everything in the middle aisles of a grocery store. Portion control. American p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Where does a HDD store its "table of contents"? | [
"At the first part of the disk (where ever that is, first track, first cylinder, first head, first platter) there is an index of partitions. At each partition, there is an index which explains what file system is used. And each file system has it's own way of storing the directory structure. So to be short: You don... | [
"Moving files on a hard drive doesn't change the location of the data, it only edits the cataloging \"where the OS tells the user their file is...\" file, where as moving a file to another driver requires finding all the data on the disc, making a copy, buffering that copy, and writing it to the second drive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the logic behind the Imperial measuring system | [
"It wasn't developed as a single, coherent system, hence the arbitrary and confusing divisions. It's a mashup of various measures jumbled together and somewhat standardised as best as can be accomplished with such a random assortment. Each measure has its own history and basis."
] | [
"Your question doesn't quite make sense. Are you referring to something specific? What makes you think that a computer is built for a specific programming language?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can I go a day without food at home but when I am at school I feel so hungry after a lesson? | [
"Possibly because you are much more active at school/see other kids eating/smelling more food?"
] | [
"Am i the only one who looses their appetite after drinking ? I tend to not even want food until like 3 pm the next day"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is the difference between mental addiction and physical addiction? | [
"A physical addiction means you will have literal withdrawals when you quit. A mental addiction simply means you desperately want to do something. For instance, I can be addicted to playing video games or smoking pot, but if I quit I'm not gonna have physical withdrawals. Alcohol, on the other hand, would cause l... | [
"It can be like a drug addiction because of the chemical reactions that occur in the brain. You just wouldn't develop any type of dependency. However the craving, and desire is just as strong in all addictions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
I just chopped up a pineapple, and now my fingers feel weird | [
"Pineapple has some [really strong enzymes](_URL_0_) in it which can break down proteins. So you've probably stripped a bit of skin off. Do too much pineapple and you can loosen your teeth because it digests your gums."
] | [
"I can't really comment on the taste of water after pineapple, but I can say pineapple contains the same chemical you find in meat tenderizer. I once bought a cheap ass cut of beef and marinaded it in pineapple juice, and forgot about it for a week. When I finally got to it to cook it, the meat had dissolved into a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What exactly is black ice, and how is it formed differently to normal white ice? | [
"Black ice isn't black, it is just a thin coating of ice, so thin that it is more transparent than thicker accumulations. It appears black because of the asphalt underneath it."
] | [
"A lot of it has to do with humidity, the surface the ice forms on, how quickly the temperature drops, cloud coverage, to sum it up, there are a lot of factors that influence the appearance of ice formations."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do solar sails/photonic propulsion work if light is massless? | [
"Light is massless but not momentum-less. You know that whole E = mc^2 equation? Well, that isn't the entire thing, actually. The actual equation is E^2 = (mc^2 )^2 + (pc)^2 where p is the momentum of the object in question. Photons have energy, and even with zero mass, they still have momentum, and so they can im... | [
"Solar sails cannot be steered in the same way as a ship's sails because with a ship it relies on friction against the water to redirect the incoming force. By the use of rudders and the shape of their hull the incoming wind pressure can be directed to move the ship in a different direction. However a solar sail mi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a DVR machine identify commercial breaks so they can be skipped later? | [
"I'm not sure about now, but previously there were a few black frames between the show and the commercial. The black frames were only on for a fraction of a second, so a person wouldn't notice it, but the switching equipment would. The DVR would detect those black frames. as being the end caps to the commercial br... | [
"This isn't actually a function of the DVR but a streaming option presented by your provider. The shows are set with a marker in the broadcast to alert your setup box of the availability of the stream option. When you activate the beginning of show you are actually just starting the stream instead of watching the l... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
(For DIY) Why is it more common to paint (house) wall with paint rollers but use spray can for cars? | [
"If you google \"rustoleum roller paint job\" or the like, you'll find plenty of people who have rolled a paint job on their car for ~$50. With the right kind of paint, some thinner, time, and patience, it can totally be done. The hardest parts would be getting in all the tight spaces a sprayer would do better, and... | [
"1.Better paint adhesion 2. Protects the painted material 3. Prolongs life of paint 4. Hides imperfections or former paint color that can bleed through It is a pain in the butt step but if you have ever tried to turn an olive green room to canary yellow you will get it. Also if there are any oily/greasy spots prime... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do reward systems make you addicted? | [
"Excitement and anticipation are powerful motivators. If you repeat an activity, and get rewarded for it, your brain releases endorphins and other chemicals. Keep doing it and you begin to react with pleasurable chemicals *before* you open the box, the anticipation starts the cycle of your brain's reward center. I... | [
"Because they promise not to use your answer to determine whether or not to hire you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why can't there be a law saying that upper management can only recieve raises if the same percentage is given to the rest of the workers? | [
"There's no reason why there *couldn't* be a law like that. But there **won't** be, because it would be seen as unnecessarily interfering with the functioning of private businesses."
] | [
"Because there is no wage disparity. Companies pay the same wage for the same position, unions would eat them alive if they didn't. Do you think a company pays more to one janitor than the other because one is female? This is how they came up with that skewed number showing a wage gap: They took the salaries of all... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If I have a kid in my twenties and a kid in my seventies, assuming we're using the same sperm cell would my age affect the phenotype of the kid? | [
"I'm not sure how you can do this, but let's play with the idea. If it's the same sperm cell, then technically it should have the same DNA, so if your wife provides the same egg cell, then the phenotype shouldn't alter. However, recent studies on epigenetics have shown that things you do throughout your lifetime (s... | [
"If you ignore all the politics, culture, religion, biology, life, etc: Just by reproduction, there's a 50/50 chance of the baby being a boy or a girl. When the sperm is made, there's an equal number of X and Y sperm. So when the sperm race off to reach the egg, there's a 50/50 chance the X wins (making a girl) or ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How did horses survive without us trimming their hooves? (Pic of what mean inside) | [
"Hoof overgrowth like that usually occurs because the horse is confined too much (without corrective trimming). Wild horses spend a great deal of time moving around, and that action will wear down hooves. Additionally, in wild populations, the lines particularly prone to hoof problems should be weeded out of a popu... | [
"I found a pair of clippers to be the best treatment for me. Embrace that shit yo."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does recycling get sorted after it is picked up? | [
"Everything that can be automated is automated. For example, magnets separate iron and big fans separate aluminum (since it is much lighter, it flies further from the rest of the garbage when it is dropped). But distinguishing plastic from paper, or glass from ceramic, isn't that easy and has to be done by hand. I... | [
"Depends upon your local recycling program. Most programs would not recycle these because it is too expensive. Most programs separate the products that are cost effective to recycle and send the rest to the landfill. Just because you are encouraged to put it in the blue bin, does not mean it actually gets recycled.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why is China destroying Tibet's culture and discriminating against their citizens? | [
"Well, the Americas used to be occupied by indigenous people who had been here for 10000 years. In the US we killed them, destroyed their culture, and took over their land for our own economic and political benefit. While open genocide (which was the case in the US much of the time) isn't the model the Chinese used... | [
"The Dalai Lama left Tibet after that territory was incorporated into the People's Republic of China. The Dalai Lama is considered an enemy by the Chinese government because of the Lama's pursuit of a Tibet independent from China."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why doesn't California mandate the waste water be used for agriculture if people are that grossed out by it? | [
"How would you pump it from the cities to the farms? No reverse canals or pipelines currently exist."
] | [
"You aren't wasting 'water', Earth, and most watersheds are a closed system. You are wasting \"clean water\" it takes energy and resources to deliver clean drinkable water to your faucet. The waste is in expending that energy when it is not necessary. In some areas (California for example) there is not enough clea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why have some evolved with poor eyesight? | [
"We have not \"evolved\" poor eyesight. However, poor eyesight has not, in recent times, been evolutionarily selected against, so it is perhaps more common than it once was. Unless a trait causes those with it to be less likely to mate or survive to mate, it will *generally* not be selected against."
] | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Are Reddit bots actually bots? | [
"Most bots are actually automatic most of the time. Things like LinkFixerBot or CaptionBot can run completely automatically. CationBot is probably the most notable \"joke\" bot that is actually fully human. Any automatic bot has to have a normal Reddit account, so if the bot's \"owner\" wants to, they can easily l... | [
"Reddit fakes it. If you read the FAQ, it says that it artificially adds downvotes to discourage spammers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is bottled water often more expensive than Coke (or other fizzy drinks) which, as well as containing water, contain lots of ingredients which need to be bought and paid for while water is just, water? | [
"When you buy a bottle of Coke, it comes from a local bottling plant. Coke only has to ship a very highly concentrated syrup containing the flavor across the country & somebody adds water to it locally & then distributes it to stores. Many bottled waters come out of the same factories - they just don't bother addin... | [
"There is only one type of water: H2O. Those things just have other stuff in them. Seltzer is just carbonated water; i.e. it's had pressurized carbon dioxide gas dissolved into it to make it fizzy. Tonic water has the chemical quinine in it, which is an anti-malarial drug. The stuff you buy at the supermarket just ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is the new weed policy in Colorado different from the one in Holland? | [
"Colorado, on the state level, has completely legalized the sale and recreational use of Marijuana. The Netherlands has a policy of non-enforcement for \"soft-drugs\" like marijuana. They do not enforce laws normally, but possession & personal use can be met with a fine if one is acting up. Additionally the \"Coff... | [
"I don't know how Canadian Law works, but Marijuana is still a violation of Federal Law in the USA, which supersedes State law. However, the Federal Government is allowing the States to experiment with it for the time being."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do middlemen exist? | [
"Because running a store takes a lot of work and effort. Some suppliers do this, but many don't. In a nutshell, they would have to start shouldering responsibilities like inventory management, website management, store front management, shipping orders, customer service (to a larger degree), etc. By selling to a ... | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Whats the difference between a 50mm prime lens and a standard zoom lens at 50mm? | [
"From [Wikipedia](_URL_0_): > While a prime lens of a given focal length is less versatile than a zoom lens, it is often of superior optical quality, wider maximum aperture, lighter weight, and smaller size. These advantages stem from having fewer moving parts, optical elements optimized for one particular focal l... | [
"The mm is the distance from the sensor of the camera to the actual piece of \"lens\" in the lens, commonly called the focal length. A larger number before the mm will result in a more \"zoomed\" in or \"cropped\" photo. the average digital handheld camera lenses are around 24-100 mm, while lenses used for shooting... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How long after a global catastrophe would things like GPS and SatPhones work? | [
"The satellites would operate for years (something like 1-20 depending on how old they were when the disaster happened). However, without updates from the ground the GPS satellites would lose accuracy long before they stopped working."
] | [
"A supernova somewhere near us in space. Would cause an EMP which would wipe out all delicate electronics. Otherwise, I don't see a feasible option. Even computer viruses wouldn't work because they'd be found and immunized before they shut the whole internet down."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Technology:"
} |
what happens to bullets after they are shot into the sky? | [
"They come back down. In relatively crowded areas, this can and has resulted in deaths, particularly in some Middle Eastern, Balkan and South Asian cultures where firing weapons into the air is a culturally accepted thing done at celebrations. In the middle of towns. Yeah. America's pretty bad about it too. _URL_0_... | [
"> why don't the bullets injure people on the way back down? They can and do. > Why don't people worry about where the bullets are going to go on the way back down? Because people are thoughtless and foolish."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do we have names for denominations of cents but not for denominations of dollars (US) | [
"In the UK it's evolved to be the opposite. We don't nowadays have names for our coins (1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1) except 'penny'. But we do have a couple for our notes: fiver and tenner. EDIT: But 'penny' doesn't really count since it's arguably the singular form of 'pence'. It's weird that americans call it a... | [
"It really isn't. It's low compared to the dollar, but it's on par with the cent. They just don't have separate names for different levels of currency like the U.S. does. The U.S. says that 100 cents is a dollar. Japan says that 100 yen is 100 yen, and 1 yen is the smallest value that you can get in currency."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can't music damage the dopamine system in brain like drugs do? | [
"In theory it could, but the sheer number of receptors being triggered etc is just massively different"
] | [
"If you drink coffee every day to wake yourself up in the morning, you will eventually become addicted. How would this contribute to you becoming addicted to alcohol, tobacco or methamphetamines? They're completely different drugs with different effects, different feelings and, most importantly, different chemistry... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Is there any scientific evidence that vaping (or using e-ciggarettes) is bad for your health (short and long term)? | [
"There has only been a short amount of time that these have been available so long term effects are still being studied."
] | [
"Cigarettes are composed of hundreds of thousands of chemicals, some that are proven to be carcinogenic. Ecigs are only nicotine, glycerin, and flavoring. The jury is still out on whether they are safer, but many see it as the lesser of 2 evils when quitting smoking."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about science:",
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"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When Reddit give a site the "Reddit hug of death" will it come back online by itself when traffic dies down or does it require human intervention? | [
"Imagine someone wrote on a men's room wall: \"op's mom gives $2 blow jobs 555-555-5555\". So a bunch of guys call that number, and once one guy gets a proper suck-job, he tells his friends. They start calling and eventually the line is ringing non-stop. You call and all you get is a busy signal. Eventually traffic... | [
"It's when all of your posts are automatically deleted from a sub, but you're not actually made aware of this fact. No one but you can see your submissions and posts. From what I understand, it's a tactic used to thwart spammers. If you get a regular ban, you know immediately and can just make a new account. But wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How is purple a mixture of red and blue if red doesn’t get anywhere near blue on the color spectrum? | [
"Purple doesn't exist in the light spectrum at all. The reason you see it has to do with how your eyes see color. Your eyes have three different types of cells that respond to color (cones): one that responds best to red but will also respond to things around red on the light spectrum, one that responds best to blu... | [
"Brown isn't a color in its own right. It's a phenomenon of our brain interpreting a certain mix of colors. Edit: brown can be made from mixing any two colors on opposite ends of the color wheel: yellow and purple, blue and orange, red and green."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can they accurately give examples of 4k resolution in advertisements seen on 1080p televisions? | [
"They don't, if you have a 1080p TV then everything is at most 1080p. They probably went out of their way to provide a *great* quality 1080p clip to try and convince you of the possible quality 4K can offer."
] | [
"Because they dont want to buy a 1080p one now and then when 4k is available have to buy another one to watch 4k. Or it could be that the salesman duped them claiming it would help them watch 1080p clearer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is American football scored the way it is? | [
"This gets asked literally every Sunday, often on Thursdays, too. It comes from rugby scoring. It used to be that a field goal was worth 3, a try (touchdown) was worth 1, until they realised that a try was much harder to win than a field goal, and made the game more exciting."
] | [
"Let's say the ranking are as follows: Sports team A - 12 points Sports team B - 10 points Sports team C - 8 points If each win gives you 3 points, as it does in Association Football (idk how it works in American Football), then Sports Team B winning means they would pass Sports Team A in the rankings, that's why a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is a doctor looking for when they say "you have the hands of a surgeon/painter/musician"? | [
"Musicians tend to have extremely flexible joints in their fingers. A lot of normal people are not able to move their fingers to the same extent as most musicians (especially guitarists or pianists). Maybe that's what they noticed in your hands?"
] | [
"Because they want you to go to your doc and say \"is propecia right for me?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
The priest molestation scandals in the movie Spotlight | [
"I didn't see the movie, but I know the statute of limitations applied in many clergy abuse cases. This means that victims only had so long to press charges against abusers after their 18th birthday. This has been improved in many states, but still needs work. Edit: For those interested in the statute of limitation... | [
"Whatever the reports, it seems likely that most priests do not molest. It's a minority. For years, before this Catholic priest exposure, Anglican vicars were the brunt of jokes relating to molestation. It's probably all too common in society."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do rocket engines work? | [
"Imagine you shove one of your buddies. They go one way and you go the other, right? This is more formally referred to as \"Every action has an opposite and equal reaction.\" If we controlled for other factors (you are both in free fall, both weigh the same amount, etc.) then you would both move apart at exactly th... | [
"A satellite is an object that is orbiting around something else. A spacecraft is an object that is designed to fly in outer space. As for manoeuvring in space, they can use thrusters or reaction wheels. If you want to learn more about space flight, play Kerbal Space Program"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how does an ice bath help muscle recovery? | [
"It doesnt. It slows down biological activity in the muscle, slowing any damage being done, such as that from lactic acid (though some evidence suggests that we need said acid). Heat helps recovery, cold hinders damage."
] | [
"Lactic acid build up affects the muscle fibers - drink water, take magnesium and massage the affected muscle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are the roofs of our mouths ridged/textured? | [
"Rugae! There is speculation that it either helps with breaking down food, or with speech. It's not definitely known if either or both are the real reason. I make dentures for a living and in some we put a false rugae."
] | [
"Addition: why are black people's upper lips black while their lower lips are pink?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why does the food taste weird/different when i'm sick? | [
"So, a big part of taste is smell. When you eat, what influences your taste of the food is it's smell. This is one reason behind the \"hold your nose and swallow\" thing. When you have a cold, sinus infection, any congestion illness, your sense of smell is hampered and that takes away a big part of a food's taste. ... | [
"Follow-up question, I hate drinking milk but i love it with cake, cookies or brownies; what causes the taste difference? I even notice when it goes back to tasting gross after a few seconds, its weird."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is Trans-racial more absurd than trans-sexual? | [
"In short, there's thousands of years of evidence showing that transgender people have existed for all of human history, there's scientific studies that show physical differences in the brains of transgender people, there's cultures that have made special places for trans people in them over time. Trans-racial has... | [
"Some people may identify as bisexual but would not date someone who was transsexual, transgendered, nongendered etc. If you identify with being pansexual that doesn't bother you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the advantages/disadvantages of monorail systems versus dual-railed systems? | [
"Suspended monorails take less ground space, and less materials to build. Ground based monorails, there are no savings I can fathom."
] | [
"What do you mean by \"trackless\"? You could mean: * Not needing tracks like an Australian road train vs a CN train. * Not having a dedicated guideway like an articulated bus vs a subway train. or maybe you mean something else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Argentina's currency devaluation. | [
"Argentine here. The government spends more money than it collects in the form of taxes. Since we lost access to capital in 2002 when we had the biggest debt default in history, the government cannot go to the market to borrow this money as countries like the US do. This means that it must make for this shortfall b... | [
"It made contracts and debts in Yuan worth fewer dollars. A Yuan buys less gold than it die the day before. Gold prices are heading back to sane level after the scares of the past few years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Does the length of a charging cord have any affect on how fast my phone charges? | [
"There is minimal resistance in a cord(which does increase based on length), but again this is minimal and won't have much of a noticeable effect."
] | [
"The charger itself puts out a certain amount of power - 1A, 2A, maybe in voltage, etc. The more power it puts out, the faster your device will charge. Some chargers cannot put out enough power to adequately charge your device (think a USB 1.0 port), in which case your phone is telling you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't fighter jets reach outer space just like normal spaceships do? | [
"Spaceships carry both fuel and oxidizer with them, whereas jets carry fuel only and use the atmosphere to provide the oxidizer. As the jets fly higher up, the atmosphere get's thinner, meaning there is less oxygen available for combustion, which is how you push the plane or the rocket in the first place. In additi... | [
"They're going really high and really fast. They basically travel up into space, around the Earth, and then come back down at a very high speed. Also if there's an all-out nuclear war, there's going to be hundreds (maybe thousands) in flight at once, likely overwhelming your missile defense system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If we get less Testorone and Estrogen as we age, why do we not get supplements to avoid as an example, decreased bone density. | [
"The problem with those treatments is that they often ruin more than they solve. Take estrogen for example. Postmenopausal hormone treatment (aka, giving women estrogen after menopause to deal with the lose of bone density and the side-effects of going through menopause) has been done in the past. It turned out to ... | [
"One theory is testosterone. It is an anabolic steroid, meaning it builds muscle. So the good part is men have more muscle and other secondary characteristics but there is a bad part, steroids are bad for the immune system.That's why when you have an inflamation you can use steroid creams., now that cream will not... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does somebody develop Paranoid Schizophrenia? | [
"Although it isn't really understood, as is the case with a lot of mental health conditions, there is a lot fo evidence that it is largly genetic. However a genetic predisposition to the condition isn't a gaurentee that a person will develop it, and there is suggestion that it generally presents when combined with... | [
"How do you define your hints of schizophrenia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What would happen if you were just outside the blast radius of a nuclear bomb? | [
"assuming that you are outside of the entire blast area, you would be fine. but fallout radiation can be carried by the winds and stuff so you would be in trouble if that happened. otherwise, assuming that you aren't devastated by the resulting earthquakes/tremors/dust/etc. you should be fine."
] | [
"In a related question, what are the odds of surviving being stabbed in the belly and falling into the river which runs through a major city in the same time period?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are small floating objects so hard to scoop out of water? | [
"Due to surface tension, the small objects \"stick\" to the surface. When you try to scoop it out, you push against the nearby water. Since water can't be compressed, this triggers flows and eddies. The small object rides on those eddies and seems to skip out of your grasp nearly as quickly as you move your hand th... | [
"It's a metal ball that moves back and forth to stir things up better than they would on their own."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is it that when listening to music at a fairly high volume its tolerable if you only have one earbud in, but when you put on the second earbud, not only does it increase the sound in the second ear, but the sound seems to increase exponentially for the first ear as well? | [
"Because when you put the second earbud in, the sound waves resonate with your head (which acts like a subwoofer case) and it amplifies."
] | [
"Do you mean ears as in exterior or ear drum and canal. If the exterior of your ear hurts it's likely you have either an on ear or poorly fitted over ear headphone with to much clamping force. Try stretching the headband by putting the headphones on a box slightly larger than your head. If the insides of your ear h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How are the same species of fish found in multiple non-connected lakes? | [
"Just because they're not connected today doesn't mean they've never been connected, like in a flood. Or the last Ice Age. Even if they've never been connected, birds can still transfer fish eggs. Tornadoes can transfer fish eggs."
] | [
"There's more evidence than just looking at drift and coastline shapes. There are fossils of identical species on distant continents, showing that they were once close together. In addition, there is geological evidence such as identical rock layers on distant coasts."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Could the amount of solar panels and small wind turbines you could reasonably fit on a car produce enough electricity to make a self-sustaining electric car? | [
"wind turbines are no go, they would produce more drag than the power they produce. Lets assume your car is 6' wide and 20' long (thats about the size of a full size pickup truck.) and lets assume you can lay out panels completely covering a nice flat roof somehow... solar panels can generate about 9watts/sq ft an... | [
"The extra weight from the solar panels isn't enough to compensate for the energy intake. We don't have them efficient enough yet to make it worth while."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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