query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why or how did the suffix 'Arama get into English culture in the fifties and sixties? (Bowl-A-Rama, Futurama, Spatula-Rama) | [
"Google sent me to a Straight Dope article (from 1984!) saying it came from panorama then diorama. And on and on ... _URL_0_"
] | [
"It doesn't mean anything. It's like \"Rama Lama Ding-Dong\" or \"Give Peace a Chance.\" --Homer Simpson"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I have always been told that standing in front of a microwave door would be harmful for me cause of radiation? Do microwaves release ionizing radiation? | [
"Microwaves use gigahertz radio waves. They are not ionizing. They cook the food my heating the water molecules the food. The grill in the door acts as a Faraday cage to keep the radio waves from escaping, while allowing you to watch the food. Edit: typo"
] | [
"So we're pretty sure visible light does not cause cancer. Visible light is also a type of electromagnetic wave. The waves emitted by the cell tower is on the low-energy (safe) side of visible light, not the high-energy (and dangerous) side with UV and x-rays. If the cell antenna was dangerous, the light bulbs in y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is a computer bit stored, electrically? | [
"These days we use transistors. A transistor is an electric switch which either will or won't pass on a signal depending on whether a control signal is received. This allows two of them to be combined so that one maintains the opposite value of the other, and a simple electric pulse will switch which value this is... | [
"No. Data is not a physical \"thing\". Data is when you take an existing medium and rearrange parts of it in a way that represents some sort of information. For instance, for magnetic storage (VHS and non-SSD hard drives), the data is stored as the specific alignment of magnetic domains on the tape/platter. The mag... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What's wrong with circumcision and why does reddit hate it so much? | [
"Regardless of any benefits it may or may not have, it's by no means a necessary procedure and yet it is routinely performed on infants who have no way of understanding or consenting. Add that to the fact it's impossible to reverse if any of the participants regret it later in life. There's a lot to be mad about fo... | [
"> while male circumcision is generally accepted? About 1 - 2 years ago I saw a documentary where I learnt this is a common practice in the US. It's somehow linked to John Harvey Kellogg (one of the inventors of Kellogg's corn flake) attempts to prevent male masturbation which he believed unhealthy. The only people... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Circumcision in the US:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Circumcision in the US:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why eye contact is uncomfortable, especially with strangers | [
"As I understand it, it's a throwback. Among primates prolonged eye contact is seen as a challenging another to physical combat. Part of a domination/submission ritual."
] | [
"I always watch their mouth instead. I find it awkward to look someone right in the eye when talking with them, feel like I'm staring."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are many cities built in seemingly efficient grids but newer suburban developments use the "leaf" style and such? | [
"Traffic control, water runoff, and green space preservation are the primary reasons that subdivisions are built with organic curves rather than a grid structure. Aside from the environmental factors, they are intentionally made to be slow and inefficient for through travel, if not a closed loop completely, to det... | [
"These are commonly called Ring Roads and they're simply an efficient way to move traffic around a city. The centers of these cities are generally dense and hard to build in. So, when developing a high speed road it's easier to build it outside the city instead of straight through the middle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How can you have stereo sound with a vinyl ? | [
"[Here are some pictures](_URL_0_). The key point is that the groove can both vary in depth and wiggle from side to side, allowing it to separately vibrate the stylus in two directions."
] | [
"If it's the same one I'm thinking of then you are right and it is a calibration test tone used for copying the tapes. It is used to check the difference between the original and copied tape. _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why arent there dead insects all over my house? | [
"The living ones eat the dead ones and then hide. They only come out at night to crawl on your face and in your ears while you're sleeping."
] | [
"Why exactly do you see these animal penises all the time.."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Explain like I'm five: Bitcoins. How do Bitcoins work? | [
"[Here are some search results.](_URL_1_) With [this](_URL_0_) having an excellent explanation."
] | [
"I think you mean Dogecoin. If that is the case, Dogecoin is a parody of Bitcoin and does not intend to be taken seriously."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why was I asked if I had any food allergies when I was given the flu shot? | [
"Some vaccines are cultured (grown) in eggs. If you are allergic to eggs then it equals a pretty quick trip to the hospital."
] | [
"That question is common on medical form questionnaires along with do you smoke or use drugs or alcohol, what medications do you take, what allergies do you have, have you ever suffered from depression. I'm sure they didn't call just to ask if he wanted to kill himself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come some radio stations play edited versions of songs? | [
"Lots of songs will have different version to cater to different listeners. A really good example is the Manfred Mann song (cover) *Blinded by the Light\". Its a great song that's has wide appeal. When played on the classic rock station here, they play the full 8minute song with progressives rock appeal and various... | [
"Im pretty sure that music studios pay huge money to syndicated radio stations such as IHeartRadio to put different songs into heavy rotation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Music:"
} |
Why being flat-footed was considered a bad thing in the military. | [
"Having flat feet can cause painful ankle and knee problems, creating difficulty with running etc. Nowadays it's mostly solved with orthotic insoles. As far as I know, flat-feet can still hinder your application though, according to a RN recruitment guy I asked a couple years ago. Source: Have flat-feet."
] | [
"In a culture where hand to hand combat is important, like in the olden days, being left handed was an advantage because it was unexpected. This didn't answer the question at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are minorities always talked about as if they are a single, homogeneous group? | [
"This subreddit has become nothing but a medium to faux-innocently pose extremely complex questions in an incredibly leading way in order to push a political viewpoint."
] | [
"Technically. Unless you some how like every individual black person by their own merit liking a group because of their race is racist."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
how does torrent system work? | [
"You want to download a puzzle. Everyone has the puzzle you want, so they each give you a different piece at the same time. You now have your own puzzle faster than if one person gave it to you piece by piece."
] | [
"\"Bluestacks is an American mobile company that produces the BlueStacks App Player and the GamePop microconsole. Both products are designed to enable Android applications to run on Windows PCs,\" he must have coded his virus in an android coding langue and needed to get your computer to be able to run his program.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why don't cab companies just adopt the tricks that make uber so popular? | [
"Everyone keeps talking about the Uber drivers and how Uber doesn't have the same over-head for employees as a regular cab company does, but what does any of that have to do with this? Uber isn't popular because of any of that. Uber is popular because it's super easy to get from where you are to where you want to g... | [
"It's expanding more rapidly than it's making money, and it pays out to it's drivers more than it can afford. It's a bit of an infrastructure clusterfuck from what I understand. It stays afloat mainly because of investors, as apparently people believe that once Uber figures out how to balance it's books it'll net h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
To the mods of this subreddit: It is now to the point that A MAJORITY of these questions are asked weekly if not daily! Is there ANY way to monitor this and get these repeat questions off of here ??? | [
"See the \"report\" button. Click that and say yes. The mods will handle it."
] | [
"I think the mods in this subreddit are typically great, but this page is terrible. If a mod is deleting posts that have multiple sources, they owe us an explanation. I understand that it takes time to write these out, but why do joke posts get an explanation and an entire thread doesn't? Edit: spelling fix."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The lyrics for Bohemian Rhapsody and whats its about | [
"No one knows for sure except the band, and they have refused to say much about it. Speculation is that it's about Freddie's issues as he came out as gay and the turmoil it caused in his life."
] | [
"An album where all the songs follow a storyline or a general theme throughout, for example Rush - 2112 follows a world without music, Marilyn Mansons - Mechanical Animals is about the life of a successful music star whereas like Queens of the Stone Age - Songs for the Deaf was inspired by Josh Homme driving throug... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What caused the baby boomer generation to coddle millennials? | [
"Boomers also developed a tremendous ego/self-importance/narcisism. Everything they did was Important, and so everything they did had to be Just Right. That included all their 'stuff', which more often than not included their children."
] | [
"It exists everywhere. Old people think the young are impulsive and irresponsible and the young think the older generations are boring and holding society back. Before Gen X and the Millenials the Boomers were seen as lazy by their elders. It's a cycle. Eventually us Millenials will be calling whatever the young ge... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
how do scientists make DNA molecules with the sequence they want? | [
"So a DNA strand (CRISPR uses a single strand, not a double helix) is a sequence of building blocks called nucleotides all attached in a chain. There are four types of nucleotides, each of which is represented by a letter when writing DNA sequences. So the DNA sequence \"ACTG\" can be translated as \"an adenine nuc... | [
"You can still compare the sequences and see differences. For example: ACTGGTGGGCCATGAAAATGC ACTGGTGGGTCATGAAAATGC You can spot that a C in the first string has been replaced by a T in the second string without too much difficulty. Identical twins have the same DNA, so that would create a problem. Currently we can'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
the beaver is an industrious, family-oriented hydro engineer. How did it become associated with the vagina? | [
"> Industrious, family-oriented, hydro engineer you literally just described a vagina"
] | [
"That's what rabbits do, everywhere. It's kind of their thing. They breed like .... rabbits. The are generally considered a pest in most places wherever they exist, though not to the levels of ecological menace that they are in Australia. Their success in Australia is attributed to lack of natural predators, evolvi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it said that milk is good for heartburn if milk is acidic? | [
"While milk is acidic, it's only very slightly so and while you're experiencing heartburn it could reduce the acidity level. However, milk is actually **bad** at treating heartburn. It *temporarily* reduces the symptoms, because the stomach acids have something to attack for a while, but it actually causes your sto... | [
"Sometimes It does, or at least irritates the stomach if not dissolve. Ulcers? not fun. Luckily, our stomach has a coating of mucus that prevents any harm from occurring. The mucus blocks the acid from dissolving the walls of our stomach. A natural question you may ask is, what occurs when the mixture leaves the st... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what happens when a show is abruptly cancelled such the case like Roseanne's show do the investor lose money, does the network just eat the cost, is roseanne liable for any future profit? So many questions agh | [
"It depends on what stage of production they were on. If episodes of the show were already filmed and ready to broadcast, then yes, the studio is going to lose money, because they spent money to film the show and now they can't broadcast it and get the advertising money. If all the already-filmed episodes of the sh... | [
"To make a TV show the network will have to pay all the writers, actors and production. If they do not make back the money when airing the show then it is considered a loss. By claiming that on the tax form they do not have to pay taxes for the show. But now they have said to the IRS that the show was a failure and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When heated, why do some things (like ice) melt into a liquid but others (like wood) immediately burn into a gas. | [
"Ice melting and wood burning are two very different things. Ice melting is just a phase change. The water moves from being a solid to a liquid but is still just water. Wood burning is a chemical reaction. The wood is combining with oxygen in the air to form (mostly) CO2 and water. You can get things to perform a p... | [
"No, the wood will undergo pyrolysis if you prevent it from catching fire. This is how charcoal is made. Ultimately you can't melt wood, because the bonds that make up the 'mix of stuff' that is wood will break down at a lower temperature than the melting point of same. So it stops being wood before it can melt. I... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do solar panels work? | [
"Solar panels work using the photoelectric effect. When sunlight hits a solar panel it frees up electrons in the silicon, these electrons are then used as electricity"
] | [
"Dreams, dont crush them. It helps with spacing on the speedometer. Also can be used as a standard template."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:"
} |
What is the difference or distinction between pathology and pathophysiology? | [
"Pathology is the study of abnormal and usually undesirable medical condition. A large part of it is describing what is going on. Pathophysiology is the study of the bodily mechanisms that lead to those conditions and their progression."
] | [
"How do you define your hints of schizophrenia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do porn studios film "public" videos? | [
"Usually they rent out the public space as a private staging area, and then fill the \"public space\" with extras that have consented to being there. Movies do this a lot to with scenes filmed in public places. They create a controlled environment and give it the appearance of a public location."
] | [
"Ignorant/\"dumb\" people, habits, quality, and specificity. Some people aren't aware they can get free porn, and besides \"preview\" clips which are acceptable for a wank full porns aren't too available for free Some people like having physical collections of things. Also they grew up buying porn, so they continu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What makes a substance greasy or sticky on a molecular level? | [
"[/r/askscience](_URL_1_) Has a good answer, but it's really technical. Let me try and break it down for a 5yr old ;-). Slippery things (oil etc.) is non-polar, meaning just like the magnets on your fridge it doesn't want to stick to itself. (There isn't a positive or a negative side to the molecule.) Sticky stuff ... | [
"Gasses dissolve more in colder water than hotter water. Solids on the other hand dissolve more in hot water than cold water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Chemistry:"
} |
How can you turn spinach leaves into a beating human heart tissue | [
"> Do you have to change plant cells to animal cells? The spinach is just used as a scaffolding. The plant cell contents are completely removed and the general tissue framework is used as a way to organize human heart cells which are otherwise in an unorganized mixture. Plant cells don't even exist as such, just as... | [
"Because you can only fit a small amount of something like lasagna in your ear whereas you can get much more rice in there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
What incentive is there for someone who is summoned to testify before congress to provide answers? Can they simply refuse to answer the questions? | [
"It depends on the reason why you are refusing to answer the questions. If it is because it would violate your 5th amendment rights to prevent self-incrimination, then you can refuse to answer the questions. If it is found out you are withholding information aside from anything self-incriminating, you could be gui... | [
"A sworn statement means that there are criminal penalties for deliberately lying. That's perjury. Asking if they did it wouldn't work, as that would be the same thing as pleading guilty. Better to just lie and accept a small chance of a perjury conviction later on. Of course, most defendants never testify at all."... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is it really dangerous to swim in a pool during a thunderstorm? | [
"It's not very likely (I don't know the odds, but my pool has been struck by lightning once before), but if it did get struck, you would be pretty fucked. The lightning is going to hit the water and the electrons will immediately attempt to spread out. They will spread out through the pool, passing through your bod... | [
"Lightning strikes the same place all the time. Go to anywhere that has tall isolated buildings and you'll see them get struck over and over during a thunderstorm."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are men really so attracted to boobs? | [
"Breasts are an excellent signal of sexual fitness. They demonstrate sexual maturity, and because they're fatty tissue which shrinks during times of poort nutrition, their size helps indicate individual health. There's likely also an element of sexual selection, where men - for the above reasons - were attracted to... | [
"If men reacted to hot women the way women react to hot men, we'd go to jail."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a group like Skidrow crack games' DRM? | [
"Think of a game - or any computer program - like a recipe. Do this, do that, do this other thing. At some point in a copy-protected game, it'll do some check to see if it's allowed to install or run; maybe check a serial number or make sure the right disk is in the drive or (and this is old school) ask for the 4t... | [
"Most recent games require a key for activation. Either a number on the back of the box or a sign in required. If multiple keys are used or the developers spot a key that's been leaked, it's simply denied access to login online. Think of the your name being that unique key, they deny access to 'John Smith' Edit - s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do animal detach themselves from their umbilical cord? | [
"The umbilical cord connects the newborn animal to the placenta, which is an organ that attaches to the mother's uterus and is the channel through which nutrients flow to the embryo as it grows in the uterus. The placenta is expelled from the mother immediately after birth, and each animal has a separate one. Most ... | [
"They don't breathe while in their mother's womb. All their oxygenated blood and nutrients come from their mother via their umbilical cord."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What do Libertarians believe in? | [
"They believe that government (Federal, State, and Local) should only be as big a minimally required and that personal liberty should be the highest law of the land."
] | [
"Left-wing answer: Not enough socialism Right-wing answer: Too much socialism"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does the batter/dough of baked goods often taste better when raw? (Like cookie dough or cake batter) | [
"It doesn't. It's subjective. There is no scientific response to this. It's only going to be opinion"
] | [
"Raw cookie dough and the \"dough\" in foods are two different things. Raw cookie dough contains components which are intended to be cooked, like raw eggs and yeast, both of which can get you sick if eaten uncooked. There is eatable cookie dough which is not intended to be cooked, and doesn't contain these componen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Food Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Food Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
In old movies/photos people with their legs in a cast have their broken legs hanging high in the air comically. Why? | [
"On Femur breaks, the thigh muscles are so strong that they have to pull on the leg and stretch it back out, to line the bones back up. That is called traction. However on Tibia and or Fibula breaks the swelling against the cast causes a lot of pain. Elevating the leg reduces the swelling reducing the pain and prev... | [
"My brother passed out drunk in the back seat of someones car a long time ago. He had to wear a kind of brace thing on his arm that had rubber bands pulling his fingers up and back for over a year while the nerves grew back. Works fine now."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do you determine the rate heat will expand an object? | [
"What you're looking for is called the [coefficient of thermal expansion](_URL_2_). It's different for every material, and is in units of K^(-1), or sometimes percentage per K. For example, a gas with a coefficient of 1%/K would expand by 10% if you raised the temperature by 10K. Since every material is different, ... | [
"They burn the food and heat up water. Then calculate how much energy is produced by the change in temperature."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do people "discover" new mathematical proofs? | [
"Proofs can be discovered in two ways. First off is jut blind (directed) luck. You start going through some properties and one day it just clicks. Much more commonly I would say is a method similar to those used in science. You have a mathematician that notices a patter. Oh, so far all the triangles I have drawn to... | [
"Before I write stuff for this, can you maybe give a bit of background on how much you know about atomic orbitals themselves?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do Japanese comedians pretend to "fall over"? | [
"Exaggeration for comedic effect, they aren't falling over because it is funny but because it is shocking. I do love Gaki though, but you realise after awhile a lot of their responses are all exaggerations. But they do it so well I can suspend the disbelief and usually have a great time watching it every year."
] | [
"I can look at my wife sideways and she gets a bruise. I'm terrified someone is going to think I beat her!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
We are taught small associations from a young age. For example, we are taught that skunks stink. If we aren’t told that they stink by our parents/others, would those “bad” smells actually be repulsive? How do brains decipher what smells good/bad? | [
"This is a product of evolution. Not only throughout the two hundred thousand years of existence of modern humans, but going back through our ancestors as well. As it turns out, if you have an affinity for odours given off by things that will kill you, that preference will be selectively bred out of the population.... | [
"Because it smells different to them. And because there's a social component to smells. You've been raised your entire life thinking farts smell awful - and in fairness, some objectively do. But not all farts smell that bad (though none smell objectively good), and the idea that \"all farts smell bad\" in your hea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are movies stuck at 24 frames per second when better frame-rates are easily achievable? | [
"The big explanation that I heard for this a while back, it was on some sort of documentary \"The history of film\" or something from the discovery channel I think. 24 was the standard for a while, then the tech to do 48 came around. However, the big movie companies all had the 24 fps gear and wanted to replace it ... | [
"Higher FPS doesn't mean slower footage. Time passes at the speed time passes. However, if you want to shoot slow-motion stuff, you need to shoot with a higher framerate or else the camera is not recording enough data for it to look good when you slow it down. Slow-motion stuff is shot at high framerates. It still ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the document about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the document about videogame development:"
} |
What is "doping" in cycling and why is it illegal? | [
"Doping in cycling typically refers to the use of any kind of performance enhancing drug. The actual term doping, I believe, comes from the term \"blood doping\" which means to artificially increase your red blood cell count. A lot of cyclists that have been caught cheating recently have been using something called... | [
"Testosterone can be used for cheating in athletes, and has high potential for unsafe abuse. You might as well ask why steroids are illegal, its just as good a question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is being "Indicted" the same as being "Charged" with a crime? | [
"Sorta. The former involves a grand jury's decision to charge you. The latter involves a finding of probable/propable? cause by the police, charging civilian witness, etc."
] | [
"Treason as defined in the US Constitution > Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does it happen that we tend to remember some words not by their meaning, but by the context they were used in? | [
"That's how you naturally learn language. The meaning of many words aren't particularly helpful because to understand the meaning you need to have sufficient past context Let's take sit as an example. What's the meaning of \"to sit\"? > to rest on the buttocks or haunches sit in a chair —often used with down That... | [
"Initially, they don't. They are taught, by parents or teachers at school. Once a person knows the basics of reading, they can develop from there by learning context clues - a word that hasn't been encountered will generally indicate its meaning through its context in a sentence. Alternatively, they can simply look... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Language and cognition:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Language and cognition:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why South Korea became successful and North Korea did not. | [
"Didn't become successful? Says who? North Korea is one of the five most advanced communist societies in the entire world."
] | [
"If the things North Korea did made sense, they wouldn't be North Korea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do cows get pleasure when they are milked? | [
"Bro-in-law is a dairy farmer, seems to be a sense of relief, as they get uncomfortable when full."
] | [
"Babies get milk from their mothers. Humans (even ancient ones) weren't stupid. They could see that baby cows pretty much do the same thing with their mothers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does my bank limit my online password to 12 characters, no special characters, limiting my security to around 72 bits maximum. But most sites allow me to have a 128 bit password? | [
"I'm not sure why they would need to limit the password length (it doesn't even save space in the database). But I wouldn't worry about security anyway. With 12 char, caps + numbers there is 62^12 possibilities, anything more is just complete paranoia. Especially for an online banking website where brute-force isn... | [
"It increases the \"depth\" required for a brute-force attack. If you knew, for example, that a password were all lower-case letters, you would have to try only 26 characters for each position. For an 8-character password, there are 26^8 possible passwords to try. If you use upper and lower cases, it goes to 52^8, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can a person sing with another singer or music but not by themselves? | [
"You don't have to find the note if it's being produced for you. If you start out sounding flat compared to the recording, you adjust. If you're rushing or dragging, the recording will pull you back into correct time. No such luxury when you're singing solo. It's like the difference between drawing from a reference... | [
"Think of it like a guitar and a trumpet playing the same note. Would you still be able to tell the difference?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
[biology] What is the difference (functionally) between a diarrhetic and a laxative? | [
"From DiPiro (2014): \"laxatives are divided into three classifications: (1) those causing softening of feces in 1 to 3 days (bulk-forming laxatives, docusates, and lactulose), (2) those resulting in soft or semifluid stool in 6 to 12 hours (bisacodyl and senna), and (3) those causing water evacuation in 1 to 6 hou... | [
"From a pharmacology point of view, there are four main types of laxatives: - Bulk laxatives - Bran or ispaghula, which increases the amount of faeces, causing an increase in peristalsis (gut movement) as the mass needs to go somewhere... - Stimulant Laxatives - Docusate, which works by increasing motility of th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why when walking into the wind is it warmer with your back turned walking backwards than walking forward ? | [
"Direct wind contact results in the coldest feeling because of evaporating moisture and because the air around you that is being continuously warmed by your body is quickly taken away and replaced by colder air, so that's why the side facing the wind is colder. A couple things are usually a bit different about the ... | [
"the force of your lungs sucking in air to breathe is less than the force pulling the air past your head. it's similar to running against the wind on a really windy day. if you could suck in air stronger than the wind is blowing it around your mouth, you'd be able to breathe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How could those 6-pack plastic loops realistically get from my kitchen garbage bag to the ocean somewhere strangling a poor fish/turtle? | [
"Well if your garbage gets transferred via barge then it’s highly likely it could float down river to a delta and out to the ocean. If your garbage goes directly to the landfill then it’s story pretty much ends there. It’s possible for them to get into the ocean especially when some people actually just toss their ... | [
"Because it isn't what people think. The Pacific gyre is filled with plastic, it's a huge problem, but the plastic is millions of tiny pieces suspended in the water. To 'do something' you'd have to filter billions of gallons of water without killing every living thing in it and then find some way to remove the pla... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is an SHA-1 and an SHA-1 collision? | [
"Sha-1 is a so called hashing algorithm. Basically its an assembly line for your password, where the end product is scrambled, skewed, reversed etc in a way that is consistent but makes it impossible* to go the other way up the assembly line and figure out what the starting product was from an endproduct. Imagine t... | [
"Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5:How does encryption and decryption work ](_URL_3_) 1. [ELI5 Can Someone please explain how encryption works ](_URL_0_) 1. [ELI5: How does encryption work? ](_URL_4_) 1. [ELI5: How does public-private key encryption work? ](_URL_6_) 1. [Eli5: Encr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What happens to a wasp when I hit it with RAID? | [
"Insecticides are neurotoxins, they're the insect equivalent of satin of VX. They work by interfering with the operation of the insect's nervous system. In addition to the actual neurotoxins, insecticides will also include compounds that break down the insect's waxy coating, allowing the neurotoxins to enter more q... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is there no thunder and lightning in the winter even though there are snow "storms"? | [
"There is lightning and thunder in snowstorms. It is called thundersnow. While it does happen, it is rare. It is rare because of the temperature differences for winter storms is much less than in warmer storms."
] | [
"Wind. That is all. All hail starts out as snow, but the wind blows it back up into the clouds after it falls, causing to get wet again, then that layers of water freezes, it falls and the wind blows it back up again to get another layer of ice. Rinse and repeat until the hail is too heavy for the wind to blow it b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In old photographic portraits why didn’t people look directly at the camera? | [
"Don't know specifically which phenomenon you're referring to but in general photographs in the early days of photography were considered a serous and special occasion and so there was more posing involved in an attempt to maintain serious posture, facial expression (smiling was not popular in photography originall... | [
"The camera doesn't add 10 pounds, our eyes subtract 10 pounds. We're just shocked when the camera is more honest than what we're telling ourselves in the mirror."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the word-root meaning and origin of "ign". For example, words like "sign", "design", "paradigm" and "foreign". | [
"\"sign\" comes from \"signum\" (Latin, \"mark, token\"). \"design\" comes from \"designare\" (Latin \"to designate\") \"paradigm\" comes from Greek \"para-\" (\"beside\") + \"deikunai\" (Greek \"to show\") - > \"paradeikunai\" - > \"paradeigma\" \"foreign\" comes from \"fores\" (Latin \"door\") - > \"foras/foris\"... | [
"Words like \"decriminalize\" are Latinate constructions; Latin through and through. The words \"head\" and also \"behead\" are old English; the \"be\" prefix denoted taking away. Another example is \"bereft\". edit: technically the \"ize\" in \"decriminalize\" is Greek."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it hard for people to change thier beliefs? What causes us to grip on to things that have been proven to be false? | [
"Familiar feelings and memories are sources of comfort, and changing that is often seen as a threat even if the beliefs are contrary to fact. This is called [cognitive dissonance.](_URL_1_)"
] | [
"Because their parents, or other trusted authority figure, told them that it does. People believe a lot of stupid things just because of that reason and they'll continue to believe it even when presented with science."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is fed to people in a coma? | [
"It's a special liquid formula that contains the right amount of calories, protein, and essential nutrients that can be adjusted depending on the specific needs of the patient. It's doesn't contain any actual food but it does have all the nutrients and calories we need from eating food."
] | [
"It's just as much of a problem for animals as it is for humans. Meaning: it's not a problem at all. This is a myth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How does Hubble get such clear images from super long exposures when it whizzes around the earth every 96 minutes? | [
"the Hubble is kinda far away from the things it is imaging, so the most important motion is not the motion of the Hubble around the Earth, but the motion of Earth around the Sun, and the Hubble does a very good job of correcting for that. And when the Hubble darts behind the Earth, it is able to predict where to l... | [
"AT closest approach, the New Horozon probe was 7,800 miles from Pluto. So it would be like taking a picture of something a mile away from a car travelling at 5 miles per hour. In addition, the probe can, and did, turn smoothly while making observations."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Reddit - Why Do Americans use the Dutch Flag to make clear their store is open (or that they have Used cars etc.)? | [
"You might be interested in [this recent thread from /r/vexillology](_URL_0_). Nobody seems to know a definitive reason why. The most common belief is that it doesn't have anything to do with the Netherlands, and is just a way to put red-white-blue and a message on a flag."
] | [
"Whats the most \"anti everything\" thing you can wave in Russia? Bingo."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Cultural:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Cultural:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why Guantanamo Bay is such a controversial issue | [
"The president decided that a terrorist could not be tried in either the military court or the United States court system. For several reasons, including the the part where we can't torture enemies in the United States. He came up with this brilliant idea that if we created a whole separate prison for those that ar... | [
"Why is the US so upset over the labeling of US treatment of Native Americans as a genocide?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Where did different races originate from? | [
"Those who take the story of Adam and Eve to be literally true typically use one of these explanations for races: * Cain's punishment (the Mark of Cain) for killing Abel was dark skin * Ham's punishment for seeing his drunken father Noah naked was that his descendants would be subservient to his brothers'...dark sk... | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
. Why do a lot of good looking people in real life not look so good in pictures? | [
"When you look at someone in real life, you're seeing them as 3-dimensional. You're also generally seeing them from a certain perspective depending on whether they're taller, shorter, or the same height as you are. On camera, the same person may look far less attractive because they're being rendered in a 2-dimensi... | [
"A lot of makeup, professionally applied and/or cosmetic surgery. In some cases, genes help. But for the most part, they're not naturally as good looking as they appear in public."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Entertainment:"
} |
Why aren't cars designed so that drivers sit in the middle? | [
"For a couple of reasons: 1. There's more room for passengers when the driver's seat is off to the side, so you can put another seat next to it. Most passenger cars are not wide enough to accommodate a driver's seat with enough room for all of the necessary equipment plus two additional seats (one on either side).... | [
"It's not to keep children in the car. It's simply that there isn't enough space inside the door for the window. The bottom of a front car door is bigger than the window, so it can go entirely inside. The rear doors have a cutout for the rear wheel well, which keeps the window from being able to go all the way down... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How are we able to detect solar flair radiation before it actually reaches the earth? | [
"We aren't. A solar flare is electromagnetic radiation and is not detectable before it reaches you, since it travels at the speed of light. However, people will often use \"solar flare\" to refer to what is officially a coronal mass ejection (CME). These are particles that have mass, and thus cannot travel at the ... | [
"It happens every few hundred thousand years. There have never been any mass extinctions associated with them. So it wont be that bad. We would expect to see auroras all over the world. This is because the planet would gain many different poles all over the place before they settle in their new homes. Potentially w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that some concepts take forever to learn and when we look back at the concept after having learned it/mastered it, we don't understand why that concept took us forever to understand? | [
"Couple of reasons. One is that the concept is very different to what you expect. The concepts in quantum theory is like this. Totally different to you, and spoken using new language, involving things like 'spin' and 'fields' that are nothing like the spin and fields that you are used to. Once you get your head aro... | [
"The brain actually has a very large portion dedicated to deciding exactly what we remember, and exactly what we do not. Our brains simply are not powerful enough to remember everything in detail all the time without long term consequences. We see and hear a lot, but it is only a faction that makes it into our sho... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Education:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Education:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Cognitive psychology:"
} |
How come people can watch countless people be murdered in a movie and be unfazed, yet when an animal gets killed it becomes too much? | [
"I'm guessing it's got to do with the animal being defenseless. Same thing when a baby dies. Don't know the exact psychology behind it, but that's the best i can do."
] | [
"It's always a bad idea to show suicides because it could make someone copy the person you showed. It's also a bad idea to show people getting gunned down, but what can you do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
In theory, is that shower thought that "there is a combination of 0s and 1s that will output an HD video of me having sex with supermodels" true? Is it really possible to, purely with technology, compile 1s and 0s that can output this artificially? | [
"There's also a combination that would create an identical thinking simulated version of yourself that would essentially be your mind inside a computer. We can theoretically build a fully functioning universe with a computer."
] | [
"If anything it would add more credibility to the theory, as it proves that a lifelike universe is possible. And no, the new matrix citizens can create a simulation of their own matrix. Surely it won't be an exact simulation of their own universe, but neither can ours be (as that would require the computer simulati... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does the US have trade embargo with Cuba? | [
"There's really no reason for the Cuban embargo to still exist, but no one likes Cuba enough to go through all the paperwork of lifting the embargo."
] | [
"Why is the US so upset over the labeling of US treatment of Native Americans as a genocide?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do most foods taste better warm? | [
"3 comments all say different things.. are people just guessing?"
] | [
"Most microwaved vegetables are healthier for you , compared to fresh. Look it up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Food:"
} |
Why do live TV shows make such a big deal out of not saying the name of a product, when everyone clearly knows what it is? | [
"Why specify live shows? If you every watched Dan Schneider's shows on Nickelodeon, they go one step further and even create fake parody products, like a Pear phone. When you mention a company, that's advertising, if you weren't paid, that's free advertising. Two issues with this, companies in the future will pay... | [
"If you're not paying for advertising you don't get it for free. And it also works the other way. Apple may not want to be associated with their show. It's just easier all around to not have any logos of anyone other than official sponsors."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why can't the person that snores like a bear hear how loud they are and wake themselves up? | [
"They do. I've been kicked awake by my girlfriend for snoring, but then I stay awake as she falls back asleep, then she would begin to snore, startle herself, and then blame ME for snoring... when I'm still awake."
] | [
"My husband wakes himself up snoring all the time. Either he startles himself awake or I kick him. Either way, once the snoring gets to a certain level, he will wake up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do barber shops have those colorful poles? | [
"My English teacher told us about how it derived from \"blood and bandages\" as the barber would also perform surgeries"
] | [
"Why do you have so many lips and chins?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Biology:"
} |
Why does wood burn when you heat it up instead of melting? | [
"There are two major forces at work here. The first is the chemical bonds themselves. This would be the carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds (among others) that hold a single molecule together. The other force is intermolecular forces, which hold a bunch of molecules together into a cohesive unit. As an analogy,... | [
"They are coated with a petroleum or tar substance which is what burns. Here is a fun experiment: get a metal tray and some cotton balls. Try burning a cotton ball. Now dip one is rubbing alcohol and light it. Burns hot and fast, eh? Now smear some Vaseline on one and light it. Now it burns a long time. Kind of soo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Science:"
} |
The Difference Between 2GB and 4GB memory in a GPU | [
"Everything or nothing, depends on the exact use of it. If the game in question doesn't really need more than 2GB of video memory it'll make no difference. If it does, it will. It can be devilishly hard to predict, so a lot of websites just run benchmarks with different GPUs to compare between them game by game. Yo... | [
"Don't they? Commodore 64, 128 Amiga 1000, 500, 2000, 1500, 3000, 4000 Atari 400, 800, 2600 iPhone 3, 4 Samsung Galaxy S, II, 3, 4, 5, 6 nVidia GeForce GTX 960, 970, 980, 980Ti"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does being wet make us sensitive to wind? | [
"Evaporation sucks up heat. Wind/moving air increases the rate of heat transfer between two objects, and so it makes the water evaporate more quickly. This is why you sweat - it cools you off. But if you're not hot enough to be sweating, it means that water evaporating off your skin makes you feel cold."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does the US decide to fight terrorists instead of eliminating the cause of terrorism? | [
"Because the causes of terrorism are impossible to truly eliminate, and very, very difficult to minimize. Whenever there is the possibility that someone hates something or someone so much that they are willing to threaten innocent people to get their way, there will be terrorism."
] | [
"Terrorist groups and rebel groups are trying to overthrow the government. The terrorists (including Al Qaeda in Syria) and rebels are funded by the US Government to buy weapons. Syrian government is killing them with guns paid for by Russia. This is what is called a proxy war, and neither nation ever learns their ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why emergency room visits are so expensive? | [
"As a doctor in other countries you make a risk assessment and only use the expensive diagnostics where needed. In the USA if you miss something the hospital will be sued for silly amounts. To stop the people from suing the are very protective and rule nearly everything out. If people stopped suing healthcare in th... | [
"Hospitals will help you if you don't have insurance, however your bill will most likely bankrupt you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do so many children come up with 'The Floor is Lava' game on their own? | [
"Kids just come up with similar games. Another that I'm assuming many played would just be the whole \"keep the balloon off the ground for the longest amount of time\" one that almost everyone has played at one point or another. While we're on the subject of something kids worldwide have done, another example would... | [
"Someone told them what the answer is supposed to be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Technology:"
} |
Why do 2 different sweet things in your mouth, often end up tasting not so sweet anymore? | [
"Its just sensory depletion. Like not being able to smell aftershave on yourself after one minute. Your brain is used to the sweet, but at first you weren't recognising anything, then BAM, sweet, but after a minute it's just normal now."
] | [
"From me_eat_meat who posted here a couple months ago: > Your taste buds can taste both sour and sweet things. Toothpaste has a compound in it whose name I forget, which stops the sweet tasting taste buds from working. So when you drink orange juice all you taste is the acidic sour taste which would normally be ba... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How can Whatsapp plan on making money after they have scraped the subscription fee when they don't plan on using ads for revenue. | [
"Imagine your girlfriend tells you on whatsapp that she wants to eat Chinese tonight. You then go check Facebook, and you see an add for a Chinese restaurant dropping the food to your home if you need it. You're a simple man, so you want sex. To have sex, girlfriend must be happy. To be happy, she needs to eat Chin... | [
"Their app can play in the background, but it is a paid subscription service. They likely don't make it free because they think they will make more from the subscriptions than from advertising with \"sound clips\" rather than video advertising."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the moon look larger the lower it is in the sky? | [
"The size of a viewed object can be measured objectively either as an angular size (the visual angle that it subtends at the eye, corresponding to the proportion of the visual field that it occupies), or as physical size (its real size measured in, say, metres). Perceived size is only loosely related to these conce... | [
"If the moon is directly above you, the it will NOT be visible on the other side of the earth. It will be a dark, moonless night for them. If the moon is to your left, it will appear to the right in the sky of someone on the other side of the earth from you. The moon is high above the earth. Therefore visible to a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
How does Hollywood hedge bets against a big star dying in the middle of a multi-movie series? For example, what happens if Mark Hamill dies before the next Star Wars movie films? | [
"They replace him. It sucks, and people notice, but it happens. Remember the original Dumbledore? Although he was made up so heavily that it went over alright."
] | [
"It wasn't that big of a movie. It has some famous people starring in it, and JJ Abrams is connected but the movie had a pretty small budget ($15 million) for a Hollywood movie. It's not like this guy was directing Spectre of the new Avengers movie, both of which cost more than $200 million."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how can there be a treatment for disease with no cure? | [
"Treatment can do other things than cure the disease, such as mitigate the symptoms. If a symptom of a particular disease is, for instance, is severe fluid loss such as by diarrhea, treatment can involve supplying the infected with fluids to offset the loss."
] | [
"The answer you are looking for and the answer the others are ignoring is; yes, there is a psychological element to thirst satiation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
. What is going on in Yemen? | [
"Iranian backed rebels have taken part of the country, removing the American backed government from power. Sunni countries in the region are becoming increasingly concerned about the situation and the country risks devolving into civil war."
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why when I see something painful, I get a weird feeling in the place where the other person was hurt. | [
"Empathy. It is a trait of being a social animal, we are evolved to recognize and to an extent share the state of our fellow group members. The ability to empathize makes us better adapted to function together as a society or tribe."
] | [
"I don't feel anything when I do this; however, when I do it to other people--strangers on the street, for instance--I feel a distinct punch in my face, followed by bleeding. Science is painful sometimes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come British colonization fucked Africa up but led the Americas to greatness? | [
"The United States were originally colonized by English people looking for a land where they could exercise their religion in peace. They then proceeded to decimate the native population and take the riches of the land for themselves. In time, they had an independence war, severed ties with England, and started bui... | [
"Two reasons. First, those were the countries most screwed over by imperialists, as those natural resources attracted empires like flies to honey. Look up some of the things King Leopold III of Belgium did in Congo. Second, several of those areas (Congo most notably) destroyed all of the infrastructure the empires ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What takes place biologically when moles, freckles, or warts start to appear spontaneously in places as one's age progresses? | [
"You know how when you make a photocopy of a photocopy of a photoco... wait, this is 2016. You know how people post a JPEG to Facebook, and then people keep reposting it, and reposting it, and reposting it, and with every repost the quality degrades? Well, your body kind of does that a lot. Cells die, cells split a... | [
"Chances are you have a lot of melanin in that specific follicle and it makes your hair darker, it usually happens on or around moles and freckles."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why do thunders rumble? | [
"When lightning strikes, the air long entire path of the bolt is superheated, creating a pressure wave which is what we hear as thunder. Lighting bolts may stretch out pretty long with some parts of the bolt closer to you than others. Sound takes time to travel through the air, so you end up hearing the sound gener... | [
"Follow up question- how do people see me in the street: handsome mirror timaldinho or burn that photograph timaldinho?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why do dying ants curl up, and sometimes essentially look like they're trying to sting their faces? | [
"The muscular system of insects works by contraction with muscles attached to the exoskeleton and then extension by pressure increases of the fluid within the exoskeleton. When insects die, the muscles retain tension, but the systems that cause a pressure increase shuts down, meaning that the legs tend to curl up."... | [
"When bugs die, their front legs usually stop working first, so the rear legs basically make the bug do a somersault onto the back, since they still wanna go forward."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is it so hard to find data dumps on the internet? | [
"There are many more people reading the news about data dumps than looking at the data themselves, so the search engine prioritizes the news. To find the data, look through a torrent website."
] | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do rebel or insurgent armies get their weapons? | [
"There is far less honor among weapons manufacturers than you might think. No, they don't bat an eye when they get an order that big because that's their business. And yes, weapons manufacturers are often subject to their country's laws that may prohibit sales to certain countries or rebel forces, so that's why the... | [
"the producers of those machines and materials that were used. these are the private organizations that are refered to as \"the military industrial complex\". the producers make all the rifles, bullets, bombs, missiles, jets, ships, computers, communications, etc etc. the armed forces uses those systems to wage... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why do people ask questions here instead of googling it? | [
"Most people are lazy fucks that want everything spoon fed to them. People probably want karma more than they want to know something. Of course LMGTFY is banned here cause it would answer 90% of the questions asked."
] | [
"> Even if you are completely sure, there's a good chance you might be wrong. Just take a mere 2 minutes to do a quick search on Wikipedia or Google before you answer a question. But if people hit google before asking a question, there'd be almost no questions asked here. Oh, wait, you're just restricting it to peo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Umm, how do airplanes stay up? | [
"They only move slowly on the ground so they don't crash into things. When they want to fly, they speed up a lot. The average Boeing 737 cruises at 435mph (Mach 0.74). Planes stay in the air because their wings (and, for some crazy-advanced planes, their body) create *lift*. They create a pressure difference betwee... | [
"Consider, why can't a swimmer swim into the sky? Because there is no water in the sky, and the water is what supports the swimmer. Airplanes \"swim\" through the air. The air is what supports them. So they can't fly somewhere without air."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are people opposed to Palestinian statehood? | [
"It's been attempted before, where Israel would only get one third of the land they have today, and the pre-Israel agreed to it, though the surrounding nations did not. Their agenda is to wipe out Israel. And not just Palestinians, but Iran (more aggressively) and others too. Israel was attacked constantly during a... | [
"Why is the US so upset over the labeling of US treatment of Native Americans as a genocide?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do GIFs load so slow although I have fast internet? | [
"I take it you mean animated GIFs? Two possible reasons, one is that the site hosting the GIF serving slowly (you can only download as fast as the other side is sending) and another is that animated DIFs are actually really large, must larger than proper video files would be. They're not very good at compressing ph... | [
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do PC manufacturers bog down a potentially great machine with a ludicrous amount of worthless, hard to delete software, effectively lowering the perceived quality of the machine? (Looking at you, HP) | [
"The spamware companies pay them to subsidize the cost of the machine, and the only people that will perceive the lack of quality, to any of the companies involved anyway, are nerds, who they aren't even considering marketing to. Normal folk don't even know what half that garbage is anyway (and might even be drawn ... | [
"Excellent marketing. There are some applications (graphic design, for example) where a Mac's more powerful processor/operating system really help, but most day-to-day applications (like playing movies and music, surfing the web, running tax or office software) will run just as well on a different platform at half ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
When we get a splinter, but we can't pull out the wooden shard, what happens to it? | [
"Primarily, your body tries to dissolve it. Think of how your body digests food - but your skin isn't as tough as your stomach, so it tries to digest it much more gently. If that doesn't work (the splinter is too big or made up of something the body can't digest), then it builds a wall around the splinter to stop ... | [
"There's a certain point at which the scab is supposed to come of and your body makes it itchy so that you scratch it off. Why we often try and pick them off before that, I have no idea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is a transgender person not considered to have a mental illness? | [
"There is a great deal of disagreement regarding what I'm about to say among those who are transgender, but consider thinking of it not as a mental illness but as a birth defect. The body developed one way but the brain developed another. The body produces one set of hormones, but the brain expects another. The bod... | [
"It's when a person has a mismatch between the gender of their personality (the gender that they identify themselves with) and their physical gender. It is not defined by their gender role (ie, a stay-at-home dad is not a transgender just by virtue of his daily activities), but by their emotional identity. I'd be i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What's that reflex that you make when you take nasty cough syrup? | [
"Gagging. Your body wants that nasty substance out of it but you know that you want to swallow it so you're conflicted and begin to gag"
] | [
"That would be your uvula and it's important for your gag reflex such as helping you puke. And since you're 5 if you poke it before school a few times you won't have to go."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
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