query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Growth plates? Can you do anything about them as an adult? (Example, they closed too early, would you be able to fix them/open them to continue the growth?) | [
"The hormone estrogen is responsible for the closure of the epiphyseal plates of your long bones ( legs and arms) Usually what happens is that cells call chondrocytes lay down cartilage at the ends of bones and then cells called osteoblasts replace that cartilage with bone. As far as I know, when the area is close... | [
"Bones have sections called growth plates and it's from these plates that new bone is created. The new bone is added to the existing bone matrix and thus the bones grow longer. You will hear of people who break their bones on the growth plate and have length differences in their limbs because of it. I was born with... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why can dishwashers both wash and dry dishes, but clothes washers cannot wash and dry clothes? | [
"Because clothes can't be tried as easily by just making them super hot like a dishwasher does. Since dishes don't absorb water, and they also don't burn. Dual machines for clothes can and do exist, but they're more expensive, and more prone to failure. Since the two jobs are really quite different (and plenty of c... | [
"Dryer, usually. Think about what happens in each machine, versus how you would do it by hand. When you wash clothes by hand, you put them in water with some laundry soap and swish them around a lot and then rinse the soap off. That is exactly what a washing machine does, so if washing stuff by hand doesn't shrink ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the face wash or your skin, even know what time it is for you to apply and it to work? | [
"The time of the day doesn't really matter. What matters is that you wash your face before you rest. When you're out and about you're more likely to get stuff on your face that's not great for it. If you wash your face and then get a bunch of stuff on it, that will make the washing less effective. Therefore, it's b... | [
"For some, you do! Some start with a double dose first and the. A single dose for the duration. But too strong a dose can cause side effects and may be more than body can absorb before expelling other ways."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is there a hard limit to the maximum possible weight for an aircraft? | [
"Kind of. The cube square law makes building heavier and heavier more difficult. If you scale up the size of an object by n, you increase its volume by n^3, and therefore it's weight increases by n^3. You need to generate enough lift to equal weight. Lift is proportional to the wing area, so scaling up an aircraft ... | [
"I usually see the opposite, unless the shorter time is at a higher temperature."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How does anesthesia work? | [
"1. A patient's vitals (breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, etc.) is monitored manually and with electronic devices throughout the surgery and reflexes (pupils, eyelid movement, etc.) are checked regularly. If there's an increase in vitals or certain responses in reflexes, showing that the patient is in lighter ... | [
"Because it increases your heart rate and depending on the surgery, could be life threatening. We have much safer anaesthetics now."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Are proteins only found in membranes? | [
"Enzymes can be non-membrane proteins. Yes some are membrane bound, but there are just as many that float in the intracellular space as they do their work."
] | [
"Bacteria are generally (with exceptions) self replicating cells with cell walls and the ability to independently form proteins via transcription and translation. Viruses can range from pieces of rogue DNA or RNA that need to infect an organism in order to replicate. For example the reason why penicillin can't kill... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why should I use a credit card? | [
"You should only use a credit card if you're responsible enough to pay off the entire statement balance every month. That way, you will get benefits such as purchase protection, you will build your credit score, and if your card has a rewards program associated with it you can earn nice cash back/miles/gift cards.... | [
"You’ll still generate a bill. You just no longer have access to the remainder of the open credit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why aren't any measures taken to completely eradicate mosquitoes from the ecosystem they harm so much yet? | [
"Mosquitoes are really difficult to eradicate. You can bug net, but they will find a way around. You can spray, but if any survive they will become resistant to the spray you were using. We are seeing some promise with an experimental genetic method of eradication, but we are just in trial stages on that. Mosquitoe... | [
"If they can outcompete the native species of the ecosystem and cause damage, then it is considered invasive. Some species don't really damage the ecosystem, those aren't considered invasive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why does Saudi Arabia regularly buy billions of dollars worth of arms? | [
"Because they provide weapons to other groups like for example to some in Syria right now. And as Syria is in war with five different groups, you need a lot of weapons. Besides they have the money and this way they can make the UK and the USA happy."
] | [
"When comparing the U.S. to China, keep in mind that the U.S. is paying American prices and China is paying Chinese prices. I cannot find how much China pays its soldiers, but I imagine it is substantially less than what the U.S. pays its soldiers. Likewise the U.S. buys its tanks, planes, ships, etc. from U.S. man... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do so many galleries have rules against using a flash? | [
"I would imagine that it is due to the potential for damage of the exhibits caused by the light of the flash. A lot of the pictures/artifacts will be old, so the excessive light will damage the colour and possibly the artifact itself."
] | [
"Photography is allowed sometimes but it's the judge's decision. If the judge says no photos, the next best option is sketches."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does my region have to do with my disk drive? | [
"It's part of the DVD spec. DVDs have a region lock to prevent people from importing films from other countries. If there was no region lock you could buy your DVDs from countries where it is cheaper or before a local distributor has bought the right to release in your country. In both cases someone would get less... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
if you dont use, you'll lose it. but why do you start to lose muscle mass if you dont use it? | [
"Our bodies are inherently ~~lazy~~efficient. More muscle mass takes more energy and thus food to maintain. Nowadays, It doesn't mean much since food is readily available. However, our bodies have not changed from the days when food was quite scarce and you were not sure when you will have your next meal. If you h... | [
"i just drop like a sack of potatoes. So if there is such a mechanism i want to ask the follow up question why mine doesn't work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How did pacific island cultures get fresh drinking water in the middle of the pacific ocean hundreds of years ago? | [
"You're getting a lot of smug answers. Many islands, especially atolls, have no subterranean water sources at all and people have to rely on catchments. Tuvalu for instance has chronic water shortages and it is by no means alone in this. Many island nations have very frequent rainfall though. In the [Marshall Islan... | [
"The Caribbean Islands. Their weather patterns form over the central atlantic, far from any strike areas, so you don't have to deal with radioactive elements blowing in on the wind. They're close to the equator so they'll stay relatively warm in a mild nuclear winter, and they're generally politically unimportant s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When someone is losing weight in a healthy way, through exercise and eating healthy, where does the extra weight go? How does it leave the body? | [
"The energy in the bonds of fat molecules are used up, and most of the mass is basically exhaled as carbon dioxide."
] | [
"It crystallizes fat cells which are dead once broken down. Then the dead cells get taken away by the body as waste. The amount of cells that crystallize varies, and I've heard it's not the most comfortable thing in the world. The best answer to weight loss is still exercise and a balanced diet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is meant by 'superior naval prowess', especially in pre-modern civilizations like Athens? Is naval combat strategy so nuanced? | [
"Well, back in a day when a major tactic was to ram your ship against there's to sink it then being able to out-maneuver your opponent is an important skill. Even if the maneuvers themselves aren't all that high speed. You've got to consider, wind direction, the condition of the seas, other ships (friendly and host... | [
"If I may be permitted a follow up question, how is it that small countries in general are able to keep up militarily with their neighbors? The main example in thinking of is Sweden under Gustavus Adolphus, and later Charles XII. It's my understanding that the troops were heavily disciplined, but there must be anot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does my cup of water that was left out during the night taste bad the next day? | [
"The water will also absorb odours from the air. It used to be a painters' trick to leave a bucket of water in a newly decorated room. The water would absord some of the paint smell and solvents from the air."
] | [
"Why do I feel as though my bottles of water don't do this but instead just freeze normally in the freezer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can a city or county legalize weed? | [
"The city/county could legalize it for purposes of city/county laws, sure. That said, even local cops have a mandate to enforce state and federal laws as well. So if you're breaking a state or federal law, the fact that what you're doing is legal under local law/ordinance is irrelevant."
] | [
"Because your state law allows municipalities to place those restrictions. Some states word their code so that municipalities cannot restrict concealed carry in this manner."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do hunters tend to kill game by aiming for the lungs or heart? Wouldn't a head shot be quicker and more humane? | [
"They aim for center mass because it's less likely to miss."
] | [
"A small target like the head is a risky shot. Let's say you hit the deer in the jaw. Not a fatal shot. Now the deer runs off and can't eat or drink and dies a slow, agonizing death."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What are the horizontal part (Sleepers?) of a railway track for? And why can some sections of track not have them | [
"They hold the rails at a fixed distance - without them, the trains would push them apart. If the railroad is built on concrete or other solid material (e.g. a railway crossing, or railroads in cities) then they're not needed because the ground provides enough stability. If the ground is soft, they also keep the ra... | [
"Sand is spread on the track when the train needs extra traction. Under the seats along the sides of the carriage is just a convenient place to store the sand."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does law enforcement determine a credible threat vs a non-credible one? | [
"Imagine you're at a friend's house, and your friend says \"I'm going to kill the president.\" That in itself is a threat, the question is, how credible is it? If your friend is just a loud mouth idiot, probably low credibility. Your friend owns a firearm, maybe the credibility went up a bit. Your friend has been ... | [
"We don't draw a distinction between being a threat to the safety of yourself and being a threat to the safety of others. That's because historically people who were a threat to the safety of themselves often turned out to be a threat to others as well. So we don't bother trying to discriminate between the \"harmle... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are some colds way worse than others? If I have a bad cold and transfer it to someone else, is it guaranteed to be bad for him/her? | [
"It depends on your immune response. Inflammation, fever, coughing and runny nose are mostly caused by your immune system fighting the virus. Depending on the effectiveness of the immune system it might be a single day of hell or a week of minor problems. Not to mention that a \"bad cold\" is subjective."
] | [
"Cold sores are infectious, and there's a risk of the infection being transferred by blood, a very small chance of this happening I believe, but not a risk worth taking. This can only really happen if it is the first cold sore you have gotten. If you get recurring outbreaks of it, but you don't have any at the mome... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Medical:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Medical:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is Unitarian Universalism? | [
"It helps if you break it down. Unitarians are Christians who deny the Trinity, they say that God is One Person, that Jesus is either the son of, but not God, or that he and the Father are the same. They often also reject original sin, predestination, and biblical inerrancy. Universalism is a movement that emphas... | [
"Denominations shown as branches: _URL_7_ Comparison of Christian denominations by facts and stats: _URL_6_ Comparison of Christian denominations by beliefs: _URL_6_ Comparison of Christian denominations by social and ethical positions: _URL_7_ Comparison of Christian denominations by practices: _URL_7_ Comparison ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do almost all power plants have cooling towers? | [
"In order to re-use steam, you would have to re-heat it. To do that, you would have to get it back into the boilers. The boilers are under pressure, so you would have to pump back into the boilers against that pressure. Steam takes about 1500 more volume than liquid water does. Pumping 1500 times more volume agains... | [
"nuclear fuel rods heat water, steam turns a turbine. they are very basic, no need to complicate it more than need be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why would "evidence" gathered by vigilantes such as Creep Catchers be useless when turned in to police? | [
"In most court systems (basing this on US Law) evidence must be gathered and recorded by an official authority (like the police) in order for the legal system to determine that the evidence is unbiased and not fabricated beyond all reasonable doubt. Evidence collected by \"vigilantes\" is inherently unreliable, and... | [
"There are a few reasons: A) It could be fake, as ET_phone_1900FatGirl pointed out. B) It is difficult to prove that the people in the show are performing an illegal activity. How can law enforcement know it's not fake? Could it be water, not moonshine, in the bottles? While the show could theoretically be used a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Law and Entertainment:"
} |
Why did Italy join the Axis Powers? Why was it even a main power? | [
"It's complicated, but it all just boils down to ideology and national interest. Facism and National Socialism were the most ideologically similar. Germany wanted to conquer Europe, and Italy wanted to rule Africa, so they did not have a conflict of interest."
] | [
"The countries considered \"victors\" of World War II were included in the permanent member. China actually played a rather significant part in World War II."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it that the majority of Reddit seems to be atheist, but /r/atheist gets so much hate. | [
"It's because /r/atheist is not an atheist sub. It's an anti-theist sub. Most atheists are not anti-theists. Generally, anti-theists tend to be immature. This gets them a lot of hate."
] | [
"Its literally SRSAtheism It has nothing to do with atheism and is a radical feminist subreddit on par with SRS. Nobody is angry with it, were just wondering why they need to use the name atheism when its mostly non-atheism related."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do tablets and phones decrease in speed over time? | [
"Actually, the original Nexus 7 has very low quality memory. This is a case of hardware going bad, it's not software related. See, there are things called gates that allow electrons to flow through, or not. Over time, these gates can actually wear out. This is what used to happen when the first SSDs came out. Th... | [
"I would challenge you basic assertion. I have access to a range of both apple and Android phones. Apple phones stutter and fail as often as android phones. This gets significantly worse as the apple phone ages."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do they call them "radiators" when really they heat by convection? | [
"Maybe, since in the end... the whole thing is radiating heat??"
] | [
"It's basically an air conditioner that can be turned around. When it's an AC it blows cold air and hot air is pumped outside. When it's a heater it blows hot air and cold air is pumped outside. Don't know what sux or emergency mode would mean other than they operate at their maximum capacity to warm or cool asqu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we have the receptor sites in our brain for recreational drugs? | [
"We don't really. There are certain types of chemicals / drugs ('keys') that happen to fit in some of the receptors ('locks') that are already in the brain which were designed for other chemicals (specifically neurochemicals that are naturally produced within the brain). So basically the brain has faulty locks that... | [
"They just suppress the receptors which detect pain in general."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What caused the dress in the dead sea to transform like it did? | [
"The Dead Sea is extremely salty. As such, leaving anything floating in the water will result in salt deposits building on it over time. The dress didn't transform but instead accumulated two years of salt upon it."
] | [
"What color is the skin of most of the people who make and utilize those drawings? Theres your answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is there anything stopping another country from hacking into the systems involved with US elections and somehow influencing the outcome? | [
"Well, first and foremost there is no single system to compromise. Yeah state, and sometimes each county has its own system of doing things. This may be highly secured voting machines, or it may be paper ballots. Then each system is watched like a hawk. Both by the individuals overseeing the voting in each county, ... | [
"Voting is considered the most scared right and duty in our country. Online voting opens up a lot of potential problems, that the country just isn't ready to deal with. To start with, there are major potential security concerns. Forget hacking the central voting database, think of how many computers are infected w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is the letter the 47 Republican senators sent to Iran today such a big deal? | [
"Essentially the Republicans are telling Iran that any nuclear agreement made with the Obama administration will be deemed null and void after the next US election (presumably if the Republicans win a majority). What is so serious is that The Republicans are trying to undermine the government in the most flagrant a... | [
"He was invited, though, by Speaker of the House, Boehner. The fact that this was done entirely without informing the White House is part of the reason why the Democrats are so up in arms over it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Politics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Politics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does air conditioning work. | [
"When something boils, its temperature goes down. That's why a boiling pot of water stays at around 100 degrees C, you are putting in heat with fire, but the boiling is cooling it. There are two ways of making something boil, putting in alot of heat, or reducing the pressure. Air conditioners work by reducing th... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are spicy things perceived by our taste buds as "hot", even if they don't feel hot otherwise? | [
"So, spicy foods contain a chemical called [Capsaicin](_URL_0_). What basically happens is that Capsaicin tricks neurons into thinking that something extremely hot or painful has been applied by acting on the receptors that normally detect that stuff."
] | [
"Minty things contain a chemical called menthol. One of the effects of menthol is that it chemically stimulates receptors on your skin, or in this case your tongue, that are responsible for telling your brain that something feels cold. So even though the temperature may not be changing, your brain is interpreting t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Dentistry:"
} |
What makes that 'pewww' sound, as fireworks get shot into the air? | [
"As far as i know it is a pyrotechnic mixture called whistle mix. The two main components are potassium perchlorate and sodium salicylate or sodium benzoate. The powdered mix is pressed into a tube carefully (as it is sensitive to impact and friction) and when ignited acts like a rocket propellant which creates a h... | [
"He's warming up for the eventual possibility that you are going to drop him in water. Why else are you holding him over the water anyways."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do phallic objects startle cats so easily? | [
"Sorry to repost this from last week...but this has been done before... I've noticed with a couple of ours that long thin cylindrical objects spook them more than other shapes. The more snake-like it is, the more likely to spook them. A while ago one of my wife's skirts was peeping out from under some other washing... | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did 'baby' become a word of endearment when society agrees that pedophilia is repulsive? | [
"It is not an attempt to project the idea of an actual \"baby\" or wish of the person receiving the dote as a personification of an actual child no more than calling someone pumpkin is a desire for them to be a gourd. Babies are seen as sweet, innocent, and full of life. When in all actuality they are eating, shit-... | [
"They don't, that's just a myth. Many people compare child abuse to pedophilia. Victims of child abuse ARE likely to become child abusers, but victims of sexual abuse is not the cause of pedophilia."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
how is science taught in parochial schools? | [
"I went to a Catholic high school, and biology and evolution were taught basically the same way they would be anywhere else. The Catholic church is a lot more with it in terms of science than a lot of other Christian denominations, and officially do not adhere to the literal version of the earth's creation as writt... | [
"Universities are a collection of colleges. For example, I go to the university of central florida but I am enrolled in the college of sciences because my major is political science."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
when and why did we correlate certain colors to "bad" and other colors to "good"? | [
"Colors can be associated with frequent events in which they are relevent. Red is the color of blood, and might be associated with injury and violence. Black is associated with darkness, which can be dangerous. Green is associated with vegetation, food and life, while blue is the color of the sky in a bright day. T... | [
"They don't, by-and-large. It's a cultural myth that colors alter moods or cognitive function in any meaningful way outside of the placebo effect. Red is \"anger and hate\" in the USA (due to anti-communist propaganda, most likely), \"joy and luck\" in China, \"love and passion\" in Russia (and many cultures that ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why are all our fingers and toes different lengths? | [
"With our fingers, it allows them to be able pick stuff up properly, and with our toes it gives better balance"
] | [
"What color is the skin of most of the people who make and utilize those drawings? Theres your answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Anatomy:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Anatomy:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What can Supercomputers do that regular computers can't? | [
"technically. nothing. the only difference between the supercomputers and regular computers is the insane computational power supercomputers have. mainly because supercomputers are not one computer, but many many hundreds or thousands of computers, networked together."
] | [
"If you have to ask you don't need one."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
In baseball, why do managers get so angry? What's the point? Why do the umpires allow them to get right in their face? | [
"It's a morale thing. The players get pumped up knowing that their managers and coaches will fight for them, even if it ends up getting them thrown out of the game. The umpires know this and allow this, up to a point. There's actually times that managers have gone up to yell at the ump, even though they agree with ... | [
"It's not allowed. That's why there are penalties for fighting. Fighting is a result, usually, of three things. 1. Get your team to raise their game. I'm willing to drop gloves and get into a fight. What are you willing to do to get our team back into the game? 2. Defend a team mate. That little a-hole just unloa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does alcohol cause dizziness? | [
"The alcohol in your system has diffused into your balance mechanisms in your inner ears. The change in density of the fluid throws off your sense of balance and you perceive it as spinning."
] | [
"Because the heat causes your blood vessels to dilate, resulting in a drop in blood pressure, which leads to dizziness and nausea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is water good for you if it doesn't have nutritional value? | [
"You're 65% water. Water is a good solvent and suspension fluid so it is used as an apparatus to transport everything to every cell in your body. Nutrients are dissolved in water with other bodily aspects, and disperse throughout you. Without it, there is almost no way cells could be properly nourished, and interac... | [
"Just because it's \"natural\" doesn't mean it's \"healthy\". It's still full of fat and calories and low on vitamins and other nutrition."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does scratching your fingernails on a chalkboard bring chills down ones spin? | [
"Due to the way the human ear is built, certain frequencies of sound are amplified or made louder (the reasons for this can get a little technical, but if you're interested you can read about it [here](_URL_0_)). Sounds with a frequency of 2000-4000Hz (such as nails on a chalk board) resonate in a certain way in ou... | [
"You have less nerve endings in your back skin than your front skin. Scratching your front stimulates more nerve endings and is easier to over stimulate. Same reason you can scratch your scalp and have it feel good, but scratching your genitals with the same force would hurt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is cracking your neck seen as a sign of strength? | [
"They are not showing how tough they are. They are showing that they're stretching and loosening up in preparation for kicking butt. It's in the same class as cracking one's knuckles or taking a jacket off menacingly."
] | [
"To make you sound cooler/tougher, that way people don't take advantage of you in your weak state. This happened after millions of years of evolution, raising the chance of survival."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health and Anatomy:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Anatomy:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why are migrants and refugees attacking and harassing European citizens? | [
"Because among these millions of refugees there are also plenty of people who didn't come here because they wanted to live in a society with nice Western ideals. They just ended up here because they didn't want to be killed or enslaved by Isis and because Europe is rich and safe. And then there are also plenty who ... | [
"Because you build up an \"us vs. them\" mentality where they aren't fellow innocent countrymen. They are the reason why your son can't get a job, they are the reason why you have to lock your doors at night, they are the reason why you have to worry about your daughter being raped. The same mentality is seen in th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are UK tabloids exactly so anti-EU/eurosceptic? | [
"Media barons don't particularly care about news. They care about money. Journalism has taken quite a hit in the past years because of their focus on money. John Oliver just happened to do a great piece on journalism last Sunday too. The UK leaving the EU is a giant issue. Maybe the topic has subsided for you not l... | [
"Anti-semitism - never came across a denier who wasn't an anti-semite."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What technology do big companies use to make shopping carts lock after a certain distance from the store, and how does it work? | [
"it's very low tech. there's a battery operated latching brake on the wheel that receives a radio signal from either a broadcast beacon or strip on the ground. once the receiver stops getting a signal, it locks the brakes."
] | [
"I’m not sure if I can write enough words for ELI5: Sensors by the door don’t work for everything, it’s only certain high value items, such an item will have a little strip on them that the cashier passes over something several times to deactivate when you buy it. I guess the strip is probably an RF chip, but I’m n... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is rabies incurable once symptoms appear? | [
"Rabies has [actually been cured after symptoms appeared](_URL_0_)! As for why it's typically incurable I'd image it's because rabies attacks the brain. From what I've read the main reason is because it's a viral infection, much like the flu can't be \"cured\" neither can rabies typically. It is able to hide for ... | [
"Animals are getting a preventative vaccine, to build antibodies in their immune systems to help it fight rabies better. Humans are getting a rabies treatment, when there isn't time for them to build up antibodies before they are exposed. Sure, both are shots, but they have little else in common with each other."
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
We used to hate Bill Gates and now we love him. What happened? | [
"When he was still CEO of Microsoft he tended to be personally blamed for every shitty thing that Microsoft did, perhaps not entirely unfairly. He was already the richest man in the world and seemed intent on to screwing over competitors in sometimes shady ways to continue to amass more personal wealth. Then he ret... | [
"If there had been, we probably wouldn't know about it, would we?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't Obama simply executive order all the things he wants to do? | [
"A lot of it he *can* do. The problem is funding. Only Congress can allocate funding so if the President signs an Executive Order to give everyone a pony but Congress says, \"Fuck naw,\" then no one will get a pony. This is what happened with the closure of Gitmo. Obama signed the executive order to close the priso... | [
"So they can blame the president for the failure to get anything done."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does unlawfully seized pieces of evidence get thrown out of court? Shouldn't they hold at least some weight? | [
"The concern is that, if evidence collected illegally is allowed in court, that will motivate police to collect evidence illegally when they *really* want someone to be found guilty."
] | [
"The answer is they can't enough for it to hold up in court. They can use it as a detective tool but it is sort of like the lie detector, it doesn't hold up in court."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why aren't spacecrafts constantly missing their marks when planets like Mars are basically infinitesimally small, moving targets that are speeding through outer space? | [
"Because the orbits of planets are observed for a long period of time, their future position is really well predictable. With a lot of math, a high precision at launch of the spacecraft and well planed mid-flight corrections via swing by at other planets, the spacecraft could meet with planet, where it was predicte... | [
"I'm not qualified at all to answer this question but we're talking inches in comparison to so many millions of miles to other planets and so unimaginably further to other stars on a giant rock that has an elliptical orbit anyway. Something tells me that those inches don't matter in the grand scheme of things."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Whah happens when something dries? Where does the water go? | [
"It'll evaporate at a rate inverse to the humidity. A wet towel left in the Amazon would take longer to dry than one in the Sahara due to the air in the Amazon having a higher amount of water in the air already. You can only throw so much sugar in your tea until no more dissolves because it will be over saturated w... | [
"Association. When you pee it sounds like rushing water. Then when you hear rushing water you think pee. Its how advertising works."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What makes a thesis strong and how long does it have to be? (For Essays) | [
"It depends on the essay. Usually a thesis follows the order of: claim, because, therefore. Claim: This is the argument you're trying to make. Like, \"Pizza is the healthiest food on the planet,...\" Because: Here you would list all the supporting information you'll talk about in the body paragraphs: \"...because y... | [
"Is this a homework or essay question? If so, please flag it as such."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do people wake up from comas with weird effects, like knowing another language? | [
"They can't, period. A coma is caused by severe damage or trauma to the brain. The human brain has a limited ability to heal itself and when this occurs some strange things occur. Long forgotten memories may suddenly reemerge, linguistic and motor preferences may change, dormant skills may resurface, etc... Some pa... | [
"The brain loses the ability to form memories. I’m not sure about the similarity to roofies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Neuroscience:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Neuroscience:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
French fries are potatoes and salt. Why do they taste so different depending on where you get them from? | [
"different types of potatoes have varying flavors, (It was a big deal a few years back when Nathan's on Coney Island couldn't get the same potatoes they normally used for a while, and the fries were supposedly no where near as good as a result) also, they absorb a lot of the oil they are cooked in. they type of oil... | [
"Chains have to follow the rules of the corporation. That's why McDonalds, Burger King, Subway, Kentucky Fried Chicken all have the same feel between restaurants. Now, since I worked at McDonalds, I can't speak for other chains, but McDonalds uses produce and meat local to the region. It really does start tasting d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Food:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Food:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens if an astronaut were to fly away from a station | [
"If he were to float away, his teammates would try to save him, but if they couldn't do this he would just continue floating away. He float until he runs out of oxygen, then he would suffocate."
] | [
"The rope would snap. But if you are assuming the rope is indestructible and somehow locked in a position that wouldn't be ripped out, then it would be really, really bad. Since the moon orbits much slower than an earth day, the rotating earth would pull the moon towards earth until it came crashing through the atm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about writing:"
} |
the difference between rythym, beat, time signature and metre in songs? | [
"**Meter** is one complete segment of a music. It's kinda like one sentence in an essay if the essay is the whole song. **Time signature** tells musician how many notes fit (not play) in one meter. 4/4 time signature means four quarter notes fit in one meter. (probably the most common and used in almost all pop son... | [
"The upper number is the number of beats per measure, and the lower number is the kind of note gets the beat. 4/4 (also called \"common time\" and designated with a C) gets 4 beats and each one is a quarter note (1/4). A time signature of 7/8 means that there are 7 beats per measure, and each one is an eighth note ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Physics of Water-Filled Condom Challenge | [
"Based on the opening direction, upward or downward, there're two mechanisms to hold water: - Upward; two layers of condom, together, surround the head. Shown schematically [here](_URL_1_), or in this [video](_URL_0_) at second 25 - Downward; The head simply goes in. Shown in the same [video](_URL_2_) at time 2:10"... | [
"Check out Robert E. May's *Manifest Destiny's Underworld*."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a flash bang work? Does it actually blind a person, or cause impaired hearing, or both? | [
"it's very bright. it temporarily blinds the eyes. there's nothing much you can do about that. it's basically like if you shine a really bright LED flashlight into your eyes or look into the sun for a bit (DO NOT TRY!) it's very loud. 170-180db loud. a pistol gunshot is about 140-150. the decibel rating syste... | [
"It's basically a small firework, that is to say, it's basically a small bomb that's very loud and very bright. Fast acting explosive, extra metal dust for bright flash compared to a more \"boom\" kind of bomb . A flashbang would not be nearly as effective outside in a field, but used in an enclosed space like an a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How come we use the word "they" when talking about a single person? | [
"English does not have a way to refer to one person who is either male or female. For example, if you want to describe how a person would buy a stick of gum, you can't say, \"It would pay for the gum\" because the word \"it\" isn't used when talking about people. But you can't use \"he\" or \"she\" because the pers... | [
"For the same reason that people look down on any other word or phrase. They look down on the group that it is associated with."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why arent words in english from other languages spelled phonetically, for example pho spelled fuh? | [
"Since English is a mix of so many languages, many different, often conflicting rules and styles apply. Mostly, it has to do with the word's origin. For words with origins in languages that use the same Roman alphabet, spelling is usually taken from the contributing language (e.g., zeitgeist or words derived from L... | [
"the double z in pizza makes that sound because that is how it is pronounced in italian. the same goes for the most part in german for the single z (as s in german makes the zee sound). it's just how languages are :3"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Language and Translation:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Language and Translation:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why in anime 99% of the time before attacking a character says the technique's name? Anime law? | [
"Branding. If you don't repeat the names of techniques or styles over and over then your anime can tend to blend with the other million anime series out there."
] | [
"Go also watch Mononoke Hime, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, Laputa: Castle in the Sky, Kiki's Delivery Service, My Neighbor Totoro part of it is his stories don't involve traditional moral \"good vs bad\". but instead it's more \"everyone has their own goals\". as an animator, his scenes are detail animated... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that fiber optic is the fastest connection for home internet, yet the fiber connection between your computer and stereo can't carry more than 2 discreet channels of audio? | [
"Your car is capable of carrying 6 people and driving 120mph but you drive to work alone & get stuck in rush-hour traffic driving 30mph. Just because a medium is capable of carying high bandwidth signals doesn't mean that it's actually getting used for that. TOSLINK cables are also built out of fairly cheap, low qu... | [
"It's an ISP (internet service provider), which provides fiber to the home (fiber optics) internet, instead of the traditional ( in the US at least) telephone and cable based internet. Traditional cables like phone and cable operate by sending an electrical signal through the wire, which is how you receive your int... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is the aggregate limit on campaign contributions adjusted each year for inflation, while minimum wage is not? | [
"You expect the government to care as much about regular people as powerful, monied people/businesses? Rhetorical question. Regular people don't have the same influence as business and rich people."
] | [
"The effective minimum wage in a state is the **higher** of the state and federal minimum wage rates. So, any state that has a minimum wage lower than the federal rate is, in effect, just accepting the federal minimum wage."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
In the USA there were more mass shootings than days in 2015 where 4 or more people were shot. What constitutes what gets reported on and makes global/national news and not? | [
"Most of those shootings are gang/drug related. Since the parties involved generally know the risks involved in their lifestyle and since they're not contributing particularly much to society anyway, those don't tend to make the news. Psycho offing lots of random strangers for no apparent reason or parent wiping ou... | [
"A few reasons. Chicago has one of the highest gun crime rates in the country, so reporting a gun crime there doesn't grab much attention on the national media. Also, The shooting in Washington happened involving military personnel on a military base. The concept of military personnel being made victims is a sensat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How big is Imgur data center? | [
"Imgur doesn't have a data center; they rent their servers from Amazon Web Services. This has advantages such as not having to pay for the physical location for storing the servers, or people to maintain the hardware. They can also scale the storage space and processing power of their virtual servers up and down a... | [
"Having never heard of _URL_0_ and just looking on their website. Are they like Dropbox or an online hard drive?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
There was recently news about a "5G wireless network". What is the difference between 3G, 4G, and - now - 5G? | [
"3G,. 4G, etc just means \"generation\". So basically 5G is the next new generation of wireless equipment, protocols, etc. It's not even entirely clear which technologies are \"fourth generation\",(IE, the first LTE systems may or may not be considered 4G) The NGMNA has outlined some criteria they want 5G to be (... | [
"From the customer's perspective, it's simply speed and capacity. A higher generation technology can provide more speed to more people at the same time. 5G is a little special because it uses really high frequency radio waves that don't penetrate buildings well. So, we're going to need a lot more cell towers and it... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Technology:"
} |
Why do most motorcycles have manual gearboxes? | [
"An automatic gear box would be heavier and I also imagine the kind of people that want a bike also enjoy actually driving it. Not having the bike do the driving for you."
] | [
"Most cars are front wheel drive, not rear wheel drive"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If all of my cells have the same DNA, how do cells become specialized? | [
"The process of stem cells turning into particular cells is called differentiation. This causes different genes to be expressed in the cell which changes it from a stem cell, to, say, a skin cell. It's possible to activate certain proteins, and researchers have done this, to then turn a skin cell into a brain cell... | [
"Your body doesn't write to your genetic code. Your genetic code creates your body. Your genes are essentially the blueprints inside the original cell created by a combination of your mother's egg and father's sperm that guided that cell on how divide over and over again, and how to form organs and stuff."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is Software Oriented Architecture (SOA)? | [
"SOA is Service Oriented Architecture. It refers to software that's distributed and asynchronous, as opposed to a single app where everything happens internally. You could compare it to preparing a meal by ordering it from a bunch of different restaurants and having their delivery *services* bring it all to you, v... | [
"Avast ye! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5 Object Oriented Programming Languages ](_URL_6_) ^(_16 comments_) 1. [ELI5: Objected oriented programming ](_URL_2_) ^(_ > 100 comments_) 1. [ELI5: The 4 major principles of Object Oriented Programming: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inher... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
[Meta] Loaded Questions | [
"I think people should ask themselves \"do I really need a simple explanation, or do I just want a venue to argue my point?\" before they ask a question here."
] | [
"Explained in the original thread. Explanation: _URL_0_ Thread: _URL_1_ Thanks mocmocmoc81"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are solar panels so much more efficient than they were 10 years ago? | [
"They're not *much* better, they're just cheaper so people can buy more of them and they pay for themselves more quickly. For context, commercially available solar panel efficiency is hovering around 20% these days, world record is 46%: _URL_0_"
] | [
"1. Solar panels are expensive 2. Solar panels are very inefficient 3. It is not sunny 100% of the time"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does Stanford's athletics revenue and expenses match up down to the dollar (along with a number of other Pac-12 schools)? | [
"Very few Athletic programs operate in the black. When their revenue does not execeed their expenses, the University will make up the shortfall. How they fund this shortfall can come from a variety of sources, but the 1:1 ratio is indicative of an athletic department that is not profitable. The shortfall can be any... | [
"The NCAA is made up of individual colleges and universities who pay fees to the parent organization. These institutions make money in the following ways (in no particular order): Broadcast rights for the games. Team merchandise. Ticket sales and concessions at the physical stadiums. Increased donations from alumni... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
the plot of Stargate | [
"FLY THRU THE TUBE AND BOOM, IN A ROOM!"
] | [
"Bitch grade or non bitch grade, Poseidon decides."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the ozone hole and why does it matter that it's so small? | [
"The Ozone layer is a part of our atmosphere made up of Ozone (which is a molecule with 3 oxygen atoms. Oxygen in the air we breathe is O2, Ozone is O3). It is important in that it protects us from the full blast of Ultraviolet rays that come in from the sun. Back in the 1980's we noticed that there was a gap, a h... | [
"We found replacements for chlorofluorocarbons and drastically cut down the rate at which we released them into the atmosphere. The holes are still there but have stopped growing and are on the path to recovery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Colin Kaepernick and now Megan Rapinoe protest the National Anthem for racial murder from police or in general? | [
"Neither. They're protesting inequality for minorities in general (not exclusively related to murders or treatment by police, though those are major issues). Black lives matter may not have a \"consistent agenda\" because it isn't a unified movement. It's the result of decades of mistreatment boiling up in a variet... | [
"I think Nike showed support for the NFL players who protested police brutality during the national anthem"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come some people are extremely allergic to even tiny amounts of things like shell fish, peanuts, etc.? | [
"there are specific allergies because there are these specific few groups of proteins that people with allergies have drastic reactions to (explained by the immune system response effect above). generally these allergies are developed at a young age if you are born/raised in a 'relatively clean' place like in devel... | [
"Latex is produced from natural rubber that is tapped from a tree. The proteins in banana's are very similar to the proteins you can find in natural rubber, so if you are allergic to banana's there is a high chance you're also allergic to latex. You also might be allergic to kiwis, avocados, and chestnuts for the s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Could you please explain how evaporative cooling actually works? | [
"Water needs a decent amount of energy to actually change phases. This is called the enthalpy of vaporization (of water). Water and other liquids absorb this energy from their surroundings when they evaporate. If you're sweating, the sweat will absorb the heat from your skin/the air right above your skin in order t... | [
"Could you be a little more specific as to what you would like to know? How it works to facilitate the immune response? How it helps to circulate the lymph fluid? Something else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
In the US, how did medical/dental/etc. insurance evolve to be tied to your job, instead of being part of a competitive market, like car, home, life, etc. insurance are? | [
"The Wage freeze during WWII. During WWII, FDR instituted a national freeze on wages (well, it was a freeze on the price of everything). People still wanted to hire good employees and draw them from other companies, but without being able to offer better wages they were forced to improvise. So companies started off... | [
"They would have to shrink quite a bit, but health insurance still can exist in single payer systems. Medicare is single payer for the elderly, but supplemental insurance exists to cover gaps and areas where just Medicare might not be enough. If you had single payer for everyone, all health insurance would probably... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do some people like the taste of certain foods while others don't? | [
"I know cilantro has some sort of gene associated with it. But I bet it is just all in your head for the majority of the rest. I am a picky eater. And center my pickiness around texture....the sour cream or pudding texture really make me want to puke. Don't know why. But other things may have a mental issue. For ... | [
"Meat, especially red meat, has a ton of fat and calories. Most fake meats are trying to be both vegan/vegetarian and also healthy at the same time. It's like how Diet Coke doesn't taste as good as regular Coke. Also, people have gotten used to a certain taste when it comes to meat. When you eat a fake meat, you ex... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do Curiosity and other 'space cameras' take photos in individual RGB layers? | [
"Cameras you're used to using are designed to be able to capture a full image quickly. This means that things don't have to stand still all that long (or may even be moving if you have a fast enough shutter speed). Cameras in space are optimized to have the smallest possible camera while providing the most capabili... | [
"There are several problems. Firstly, cameras have mass. Delivering a kilogram to orbit costs $2500 to $12500, which makes for one costly camera. Then there is the fact that \"nice pictures\" have absolutely zero scientific value compared to... much less nice, much more detailed, images, often not in the visible sp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
how come my office workstation running Windows 7 keeps getting updates even though Microsoft officially pulled support for 7 months ago | [
"Microsoft didn't end support for Windows 7, but for Windows XP. Windows 7 continues to be supported for years from now."
] | [
"It isn't; Skylake still gets support from Microsoft out through 2018. The reason as to why there is an expiration date is because Microsoft doesn't want to keep supporting Windows 7, just like they stopped supporting XP, and Vista, and all of their other OS. It drains resources that could be better spent on other ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Technology:"
} |
Why are almost all of Reddits's comments people trying to make jokes? | [
"Reddit's largely an entertainment site. A lot of people entertain themselves by making jokes. They're usually short, not too much effort, and get higher average karma-per-comment (and therefore karma-per-word) than most other types of commenting."
] | [
"Once you become more familiar with Reddit you'll understand. Reddit has what is called a \"hive mind\", which means a large portion of people on this site have the exact same opinions and are very vocal about them. For example, say anything negative about weed and you'll find yourself getting downvoted to hell alm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What it's ACTUALLY like living in a place where drugs are legal. | [
"Amsterdam here. pretty normal life. I cant say its comparable to the USA because im sure the differences are on a deeper level. but most dutch people dont really have any more interest in weed than they do in alcohol. its just anther substance that you can enjoy in moderation or get sucked in by. If you expect the... | [
"It's illegal to drink in public wherever you are."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If humans eventually colonize multiple star systems what would be the most accurate clock and calendar our progeny could have? | [
"Because traveling slower than lightspeed would expose the colonists to time dilation any universal calendar would make no sense. There is no way to travel faster than light and even if there was a way there would be no simultaneity because of Special Relativity. So probably every system will have their own calenda... | [
"Among other things, establishing human colonies in the ocean does little in terms of an insurance possibility for human existence beyond the planet earth. Plus, as someone may have told you, don't shit where you eat. Other colonized planets, at the point they become self-sustaining and outward-growth capable, are ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:"
} |
With so many pigeons, squirrels, rats, and other critters living in urban areas, how are cities not filled with the carcasses of animals? | [
"I believe it's because the animals eat the other animals. Circle of life and whatnot. Plus there's Dave the Critter-Eater, but we don't like to talk about him."
] | [
"What makes you think rodents are harmless? Rodent-carried (or rather the fleas they carried) bubonic plague wiped out a third of Europe's population. Areas where rodents and insects are aplenty generally point to less sanitary conditions which in turn has an association with human health. Is it an entirely rationa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
what are MAC adresses for computers and how are they different from IP adresses? | [
"MAC adresses are hard-coded into physical hardware devices (and cannot be changed) - sort of like the street address for your house. IP address are set in software and can be moved/changed - sort of like your phone number. When you call 911, the operator can tell what your address is because your physical address ... | [
"DHCP (Dynamic host configuration protocol) is a protocol that assigns IP addresses to network devices on a LAN. This works in a basic network like this. A network device (computer, cell phone, tablet...) Will request access to the network and request an ip address so that the router can send packets to the correc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What causes shivering? | [
"Body's temperature drops, so your muscles start to rapidly contract, or shiver, to create heat and stabilize your temperature."
] | [
"Similar to shock. Pain can cause heart rate to drop, dropping blood pressure, causing fainting. Source: first google result."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are democratic governments even allowed to keep secrets from the people? | [
"Good thing America is not a democracy. It's a republic. You're voting on representatives, not decisions. But freely available information is freely available. There's no way you could restrict that to 'only citizens' or something. So what if your utopia state has a problem with another? Should all of your plans be... | [
"Because we are supposed to be in charge of our government, not the other way around. Our constitution grants the government very limited power. Attempts to reach beyond that are interpreted as affronts to our freedom. Our basic right to liberty literally means to be left alone. A government snooping into every ema... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do most brands of microwave popcorn require one specific side to be placed up? | [
"There's a super thin lining of aluminium foil on one side of the popcorn bag which, when placed downwards, acts as a pan and causes the temperature to rise much faster than just through the microwaves heating up the water. It took the inventor of microwave popcorn, Jim Watkins, much research to find the exact amo... | [
"Unpopped calorie count refers to the entire thing, meaning the entire blob of solid fat the popcorn is sitting in. However, once you microwave that popcorn, only some of that solid fat actually ends up on or in the popped kernels. The rest of it sticks to the bag itself. The calorie count for popped popcorn omits ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what is PPI and why are there so many PPI claim adverts on TV lately | [
"Payment Protection Insurance was often sold alongside loans and credit purchases so if the debtor lost thier job payments could continue. The problem was that the insurance often had a lot of clauses that made people ineligible to claim. If for example you were self employed but I sold you PPI then that would be m... | [
"Because most legitimate advertisers don't want to be associated with porn sites."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How did ancient civilizations and people like the Athenians establish trade routes to places as far as Britain? | [
"A little bit at a time. Britain had a scarce commodity, tin, that was in demand all over Europe, particularly in Greece. That tin would take a meandering path, through a dozen traders, until a small amount of very expensive tin found its way to Greece. Eventually, some enterprising Greek got themselves a boat and ... | [
"There has been trade between Europe and Africa, directly or indirectly, for thousands of years. Africa, Europe, and Asia are all connected by land or very short ocean distances. Diseases had already been shared between Europe and Africa long before Europeans began colonizing Africa. Africa was not 'discovered' in ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about History:"
} |
Why can't I taste the inside of my mouth? | [
"Neural adaption. Basically, your brain only cares about a *change* in stimuli rather than every stimulus that comes along. Your brain knows how to ignore a stimulus if it isn't changing. So, if you are tasting/feeling the same thing all the time, your brain is going to ignore it."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
On a mini oven, what makes the difference between toast, bagel, bake, broil, and warm? | [
"Toast is both top and bottom elements on at equal intensity. Bagel is like toast, both top and bottom elements on, with the top being more intense. Bake is both top and bottom elements on, with a convection fan running. Broil is just the top element on. Warm is both top and bottom elements on at a very low intensi... | [
"broiling- Heat coming from above the item in the oven. baking and roasting are the same (heat from all around the unit in the oven), the only difference is what you put in the oven. so if its a cake, you are baking. prime rib, roasting. muffins, baking."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does a conductor conduct music by waving a stick around? | [
"The basic gist of it is that the conductor keeps time. The conductor moves their baton in such a way that it comes in contact with an imaginary surface (the ictus) on each beat. The movements are repeating over the course of a measure, so for 4/4 time the conductor will repeat a motion of 4 beats. The conductor f... | [
"They don't just fiddle with knobs and switches. Sometimes they adjust the angle of their laptop screens. And sometimes they wave one hand up and down, like they're patting the head of a camel. There's a lot going on up there. These are the hardest working men in show business."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why we haven't returned to the Moon | [
"Its really really really **really** expensive to go to the moon and there is not really much reason to go back. The US has also slashed NASA's budget to spend the money elsewhere, so NASA really could not afford to start another moon trip project. The Apollo Program (our last trip to the moon) cost an astounding ... | [
"If it works, why don't we have tourists from the future visiting us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
(For Americans) What is the difference between having just a Visa, citizenship and a 'green card'? | [
"A visa is permission to be in the country for a specific period of time for a specific purpose. So you can get a tourist visa, a student visa, or a work visa, etc.. If the purpose for which you got your visa expires, you are supposed to leave. For example, if you came on a student visa and quit school after a few ... | [
"Depending on what you mean by enter legally, I don't think it is all that difficult. For example, all I need to do to to enter legally as a tourist is fill out an ESTA form online, that takes maybe 10 minutes. Or are you asking about permanent residency?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
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