query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why is it that Syrian rebels who are backed by several nations are waging war in sandals and Nike Jacket, whereas ISIS, which is not known to have any strong international funding, is tricked-out with EU/US uniforms and arms? | [
"The thing to remember is ISIS hasn't just appeared out of nowhere, they've been [active in Iraq for over 10 years](_URL_0_). They've had many successes in the past, and each time they force out Iraqi soldiers from their bases they capture more equipment, which then makes them more effective, and so they can win mo... | [
"They have lots of expensive toys for their air-force and their air-defence and missile force plus some stuff for their army. Almost all of it is foreign built from the US, UK, France, China etc. They have American F15s and European Tornadoes and Typhoons, French frigates and Chinese ballistic missiles. One thing t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why Hotels need your address and phone # even if you pay by Cash? | [
"Because if you trash the room or something happens they still need a way to contact you."
] | [
"Let me fix your account with Webroot. PM me your e-mail address you used to register and I will see what I can do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Does 'closing your eyes' when fatally wounded have any impact if you die or not? | [
"It's not more of a staying conscious at the time of your death, it's literally stay with me, don't give up, please show me you can still make it. I'm not a 100% accurate on this but when a person gets an injury, sometimes it is important to stay awake for the body to not get into something - I forgot if it was sho... | [
"Basically, we don't want to incentivize finishing the job. So, say you're trying to kill someone, and you are stopped for some reason, but they're still terribly hurt. Then whatever stopped you goes away. We want to be sure that criminals know that if they just stop, they will get a reduced sentence as compared to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does the dark side of the moon never face the earth? | [
"Sometime the dark side of the moon *does* face us. It's called a [New Moon](_URL_0_). I believe your question is about the [far side of the moon](_URL_1_)."
] | [
"Because the moon is continually orbiting the earth. The moon doesn't follow the night when it orbits, so sometimes we can see the moon during the day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is an Oracle and why does it make solving the P vs. NP problem so much harder? | [
"The oracle is just a metaphor used to express nondeterminism in an easier to understand matter. P is the set that contains problems whose solutions can be found in deterministic polynomial time. Just think of that as a special kind of fast. NP is the set of problems whose solutions can be found in nondeterministic... | [
"Can someone please answer this question? This is such an interesting question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about computing:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about computing:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is pain "painful?" Why don't I like feeling pain? | [
"pain is bad mmkay. it's how your body lets you know something's going wrong with it. spice is the plant's defense, so it wont get eaten by animals, since they're not stupid enough to eat it twice if it burns their mouth for half an hour after."
] | [
"It's pretty funny, isn't it? The brain makes itself hurt and then complains to you because it made itself hurt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Health:"
} |
Please, ELI5: Why do grape-flavored things (soda, gum, etc.) NOT taste like grapes? | [
"I refuse to call it grape. It's purple flavored."
] | [
"There is a pink lemon, but it's not used. Pink lemonade is just normal lemonade colored pink. It's dyed using artificial dye, raspberries, cherries, red grapefruit, grapes, cranberries, strawberries, grenadine, or, as in the origin story, cinnamon candy. The flavor may or may not be different."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How software communicates with hardware? | [
"As there are a couple of very good answers here already, I would just like to say that if you want more details, pick up the book Code by Charles Petzold. Its a very good read, and it goes from basically the ground up as to how computers actually carry out code. I would highly recommend it."
] | [
"Programmer is to construction worker as software engineer is to architect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't people in the US sue individual police officers like we can doctors? | [
"The state asserts \"sovereign immunity\". In other words, you can't sue the King (or the King's agents, etc.) unless the King agrees to let you. We don't have a King, but our government retains sovereign immunity. There are many times you can sue the state even when it doesn't want to let you. Exceptions to sovere... | [
"They will absolutely ignore it since US courts have no jurisdiction there and rightly so. I can say with the upmost confidence that the US would do the same. Suing a country because of the actions of some of its nationals is absurd to say the least."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can a 600W PSU supply 50 A on 12V, while the electrical wires in the wall would literally burst into flames at 50A? | [
"A power supply pretty much conserves power, give or take a few losses. So the output power is 12 x 50 = 600W, as advertised. The input, from the wall, is at (say) 120V So the input current is 600/120 = 5A, well within the capacity of a standard 15A domestic circuit. Incidentally, the wires would not burst into fla... | [
"It's an \"inverter\", an electronic which increases the voltage, but at the expense of power. While the lighter socket may be capable of 20 Amps at 12 volts (240 Watts), the inverter output will only be about 1.5 Amp at 120 volts (180 Watts). The difference, 60 Watts, is lost to heat radiated by the circuit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do spots stop hurting after we remove the puss from them? | [
"For those of use who might not be aware, 'spots' is a term that aussies and brits use for pimples."
] | [
"Popping them splits the skin open and makes it possible for bacteria to get in, which can cause an infection. At the very least it causes irritation. If you must pop a pimple (because who can stand the look of a nasty white head on their face?) I'd probably put some neosporin on it after."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When and why did basketball hoops become such a staple for American driveways? | [
"Basketball is the second (or third depending on the poll) most popular sport in the US. It is easier to set up a hoop for simply play and practice than it is to get space to play football or soccer, and far less than practicing baseball (even with a batting or pitching cage). This means it is a common recreational... | [
"Mainly because around the time that competitive sports leagues were getting set up in the US in the late 19th and early 20th century, the soccer leagues were absolutely inept and prone to infighting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why isn't Robert E. Lee viewed as a traitor? | [
"He probably gets let off the hook for being reluctant to go to war and rejection of his military life after the war. He became president of then Washington College (Now Washington and Lee University) and said his greatest mistake was a military education."
] | [
"Because he became President and his name wasn't George W. Bush."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Stereotypically speaking, why do men play baseball and women play softball? | [
"When we played softball in school (I'm a dude) our teacher explained to us that softball was first conceived as a variation of baseball for women, but that it then evolved as its own thing. Maybe not in the US but in Caribbean countries (including Colombia, where I'm from) softball is also very popular among men"
... | [
"The smaller ball in basketball is because their hands are smaller, and they don’t play baseball with a bigger ball, they play softball. It is two different sports; men play softball also, and the balls are the same size as women’s."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
when the moon comes up, it's gravity is strong enough to rise the tide. How come small particles don't go flying as well? | [
"Probably the biggest thing to understand is that the moon's gravity doesn't create the tides \"all in one go\". As the Earth rotates, the pull of the moon has a constant very small effect that over time builds up a sort of standing-wave front that we call the tides. It's the cumulative effect that causes the tides... | [
"Gravity itself is actually considered a fairly weak force, we are dragged to the surface by the force of gravity (Force=Mass * Acceleration, acceleration in the sense of gravity is 9.81m/s^2) but we have developed to be strong enough to over power it. The earth is actually moving away from the sun rather than towa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Physics:"
} |
why are Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome so much better than Internet Explorer? What are the big problems with Explorer? If I have good anti virus software is there really a difference? | [
"Historically you would be correct about IE being a bad browser. But it you use the Modern ones they are pretty equivalent to Chrome and Firefox. They all have add-on's to varying extents. They all confirm to standards pretty well."
] | [
"They do, its just that there are a lot more Windows PCs out there. The entire purpose of a Virus on a computer is to cause as much trouble as you can before anti-virus updates and eliminates it. Ergo, if you want to cause as much trouble as you can, you write it for windows, not OSX or Linux. There are plenty of e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why prosthetic limbs cost almost twice as much as a car | [
"Supply and demand. Money doesn't really have any \"real\" value, all the prices you see are imaginary, so to speak. That's why diamonds, for instance, cost so much. It's not that they have some kind of actual value, it's just that people are willing to buy them at a certain price, and the seller, seeing as people ... | [
"It'll cost you upwards of $1000 a month. You might as well purchase a second hand one for ~5000$ and sell it or bring it back home when your six month period is completed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why aren't there any HUGE bugs? | [
"I believe that the reason for that is still under debate! though I could easily be wrong as I am basing this off of a discovery channel documentary I watched once, but there are 2 limiting factors that are likely culprits: - the strength and mass of exoskeletons. at a certain upper bound they are no longer able to... | [
"Look at this link... _URL_0_ They were completely separate to the 'normal' people and surrounded by security."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What is the point in hiding scores for comments for a certain amount of time? | [
"People are most like to read only the first few comments...which are more likely to be upvoted...which are more likely to be upvoted...resulting in a kind of avalanche. People are also more likely to upvote comments that have already been upvoted. Vote hiding attempts to counter this."
] | [
"Why are empty threads showing up on the front page? This makes no sense."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why our voices sound so different than what we think they sound like | [
"When something 'makes' a sound (a tree falling, or lightning striking), it does so by causing particles to bump into each other, then those particles bump into more particles, etc etc outward in all directions until they bounce off something. When you speak, the thing making the sound is your vocal cords vibrating... | [
"We don't actually hate them. Our voice \"Spreads\" to our whole body through our bones. This means that when we talk, part of what we said goes to our ears through the bones and makes us believe that our voice is what we hear when we talk therefore when listening to it through a tape or video we disliked it becaus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Language and Communication:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Language and Communication:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens if someone needs an ambulance during a snow storm and the roads aren't plowed? | [
"ambulances are extremely heavy and so are great on driving on bad roads compared to regular cars, but at some point with a bad enough storm the answer is 'you wait and maybe die\""
] | [
"The only other \"emergency services\" are generally only needed in times of large-scale disaster - National Guard usually fills this role. You need someone to enforce the law. That's the police. If a fire's burning, you need to put it out quickly so it doesn't spread and if possible, rescue people who are trapped.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why can't you fight dementia by training your brain? | [
"You can, to an extent - it has been shown that (for example) bilingual people and people who keep their brain active can fight off the *effects* of dementia for longer. But a lot of types of dementia (like Alzheimer's disease) mean your brain is *physically* shrinking, and parts of it are lost forever. At some po... | [
"You get tired using your brain too you know. That thing uses a lot of energy. Do you use your brain a lot at work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The myth that humans only use 10% of the brain. How is it incorrect? | [
"When you point at something, you only use 10% of your fingers. Obviously, that doesn't mean only 1 of your fingers is functional, just that your other nine fingers aren't needed for that activity. Also, it doesn't mean using 100% of your fingers to point at something would make you \"better\" at pointing, you woul... | [
"It's not about how big your brain is, it's how you use it. Human brains have been shrinking for the last few thousand years, but by all accounts we're getting smarter. It's about how wrinkly your brain is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What did the developers of HTML5 do to make things so much faster? | [
"Can you be a little more specific? My guess is what you're noticing is improvements to the layout and JavaScript engines of browsers, and not anything to do with HTML."
] | [
"Everyone doesn't still use it. A decreasing number of people use it each month. The program has numerous security flaws and performance issues that are not present in HTML5. It was used despite its issues because it was the only thing that performed the required tasks. Now that there is a better alternative less a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Will human colonization of other planets ever be possible? | [
"Possible? Sure, as long as you're not too picky about how you define \"colonization.\" If we wanted, we could send people to Mars for the rest of their lives right now. Trouble is, they couldn't survive there indefinitely. Between the radiation (which is not deadly by itself, but would induce health problems event... | [
"There are a near-infinite amount of resources in space If we mess our planet up beyond repair or something else causes the planet to become uninhabitable, the ability to colonize other planets will save the human race It's not an either-or proposition - the main issue is funding for scientific research in general.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
Why is communism bad? | [
"Everyone gets everything equal in a communist society. Except those at the top who are usually corrupt and get lots. Also nobody is motivated to do anything since the outcome is the same. Its not bad in theory as we all want equality, however it fails when actually applied because of human nature. We need to be mo... | [
"Left-wing answer: Not enough socialism Right-wing answer: Too much socialism"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why Are AMEX cards not allowed to be used as much as Visa and Mastercard? | [
"Well I have a business and the fee isn't really the problem if I'm being honest; business owners will say it's the fees... but it's bullshit. That extra percent isn't going to kill most businesses. The real reason? Chargebacks. AMEX will process them for virtually any reason. You bought a laptop from me and though... | [
"Debit cards: pay with money from your bank account Credit cards: pay with money the bank/company has agreed to lend you. Credit cards also have interest rates which you have to pay. Some shops/brokers charge commission on credit card transactions because it costs them money to process the transaction."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
why we sell gas by the volume but not mass, unlike in avionics and auto racing? | [
"Planes and race cars care about how much weight they're moving around as it has a significant impact on performance. A plane needs more power to get more weight off the ground so extra mass is a problem for it if you happen to fuel it on a cold day Passenger cars don't care as much about added mass, and people kno... | [
"during recession - currency during extreme meltdown of society - precious metals"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How and why do things get preserved in amber? | [
"Amber is basically tree sap. Bug or animals chilling out near tress have some of it fall on them or they step in it and get stuck. The amber surrounds them and keeps them there. As far as getting preserved they are kept away from reactants, i think oxygen is the big one, which stops them from decaying or being br... | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can I barely hear a siren when I'm driving and it's right behind me but they always wake me up in the middle of the night from far away? | [
"Probably because in your car there's engine noise, road noise, and music, while at night it's quiet. Could that be it?"
] | [
"Are adults supposed to be light sleepers? I have to set like 15 alarms to wake up and have slept through a gas explosion right down the street lol"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The tax system (in broad terms) and why do we have to pay taxes on property we own, like houses or inheritances. | [
"You have taxes to fund the government and the various services and programs it provides. Property tax is commonly used to fund schools. Inheritance is not a tax on property you own, you did not own it your family member did. It is a tax on the ownership of that property changing hands. The purpose of this is to li... | [
"Depends on the specifics of the tax law wherever you live, but generally you'll have to declare all income as income, no matter where it comes from."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a pentaquark? | [
"A pentaquark is a combination of 5 quarks (or multiple quarks and antiquarks, but they still add up to 5). Quarks are subatomic particles smaller than the electron, and make up protons, neutrons, and other larger particles, called Hadrons. Quarks cannot exist alone, and must \"partner\" up in groups of 2 or 3. Whe... | [
"What the hell is a stainless steel soap?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did those guys get stuck in the cave in Thailand in the first place? | [
"Ok, so the group has traveled into that cave system a few times in the past. Decided to go again this time round. Usually it's safe to visit before the rainy season arrives but unfortunately a rainstorm came early and flooded the entrance of the cave, trapping the group inside. More rain, more water, so the group ... | [
"Because if they wanted to do things the easy way they wouldn't be on a survivalist show in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why the US prefers NASCAR to Formula One | [
"NASCAR drivers work insanely hard to appear like \"one of the guys\" to their fans. In reality, they kind of are. Most drivers work their way up from driving go-karts on local tracks (again, full of NASCAR fans) to small stock cars to the big time if they're good enough. The cars themselves are made up to look cl... | [
"Because China cares less about footie than the USA does."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Is my green the same as your green? | [
"This is a philosophical concept called the inverted spectrum. It is impossible to know if we see the same colors, but it ultimately doesn't have any impact to most people. The one possible exception are people that may have a rare condition called tetrachromacy. Normally, we see color through the combination of th... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If everyone knows California is due for "the big one" earthquake along the San Andreas fault. Why do people seem to not care? | [
"Because in California, nobody gives a fuck about shit"
] | [
"Most of the fault lines are near or run along the coastlines. People liked building cities on the coastlines because of the water access was necessary for transport and travel. All of New Zealand pretty much sits on a fault line so they're hooped regardless. But people didn't know this two, three hundred years ago... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come when I'm drunk two eyes are screwed up but closing one eye allows me to see just fine? | [
"Being inebriated impairs your depth perception, the coordination of both eyes working in unison."
] | [
"I've heard if you close one eye and keep one open, blindness is what you see from the closed one. Try it, you don't see black, you really see nothing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are there no national/state 911 apps (in the US)? | [
"There has been. E911 system has been specced for years. But not all dispatch centers have upgrade their systems. The FCC has a timeframe at 2020 for full completion. And to add, even if the dispatcher got the address, cops wouldn't be there to help her. It'd take 5-10 minutes average in cities. In random la... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What prevents some one from changing monetary numbers in a banks computers to get rich. | [
"Do you mean what stops a hacker from entering the bank's records from outside and altering them? Or what stops a bank's employees from altering the records from inside. THe answer to the first is some excellent security. Basicly the inner workings are never accessible even through the banks website. What you are s... | [
"To show as proof the money is being won by someone and not pocketed. But yes, probably bad for individuals with unique first and last names."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Are paper toilet seat covers (aka ass gaskets) really more sanitary than naked seats or just another example of humans being wasteful? | [
"Chances are, there's nothing particularly hazardous on the seat itself regardless. A toilet seat is not a hospitable place for bacteria to hang out. If anything, they're a peace-of-mind device."
] | [
"You might have been in the advantageous position of never being forced to use single ply bulk toilet paper that's often distributed in public places like schools. A single sheet often won't do because it's just too weak and would tear. We don't compare the structural integrity of weak objects to wet toilet paper w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How exactly do hacks work in online gaming? | [
"Most hacks involve either finding where an app stores data, and modifying that data, or decoding how an app communicates with a server and spoofing that communication. Unless the game is played with zero input from the player, then it is impossible to stop hacks, but you can make them harder to do, through the wo... | [
"Related question: What if I want to become a mercenary? What do I do?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do pictures taken with very good cameras show so much detail that we can't see on our own. | [
"Imagine you have a grid that is 10 boxes high, and 10 boxes wide. In total there are 100 boxes. If you were to try and draw a perfectly round object, it would be difficult. There would be jagged edges. So you take each box, and divide it into 10 boxes high by 10 boxes wide... each single original box is now 100 b... | [
"Yes, they would because the picture is much closer than the actual thing. However, if the old person took the photo they might have a hard time focusing, since they can't see what they are focusing on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If we can have 5" 1080p displays why can't we have 20" 8k displays? | [
"No one has demanded such a thing (i.e. mobile devices with this resolution), since 8k content is more of a novelty, \"this is the future\" thing right now, while 1080p is the mainstream standard. ~~It'd be 10\", btw - as the screen is measured diagonally and it's \"4 times bigger\" as in 4 1080p screens arranged i... | [
"I'd also like to throw in this question to piggyback: How come I can buy a 120gb micro SD card for 40$ but if I want to go from the 16 to 32 gb base model of a phone it is like 100$?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are some defenses not allowed in court? | [
"When someone says \"That's not a legal defense\" they're not saying it's not allowed, they're saying that the defense won't absolve you under the law. \"I was running late\" isn't a legal defense for speeding, but that doesn't mean you can't try it. It just won't work."
] | [
"There is no such thing as guilt by association in the USA."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Entertainment:"
} |
Why can't we clone endangered species to rejuvenate their population? | [
"As /u/FixBayonetsLads said, it wouldn't produce diversity. Lack of diversity means the population would die out much more easily. There's also more risk for genetic mutation, i.e., Dolly the Sheep (link at the bottom). Dolly was the first mammal cloned from an adult cell, however, her telomeres (sort of caps on th... | [
"For a plant to go extinct it means it no longer exists. Maybe it was eaten to extinction. Maybe the local climate changed and killed off all the species of plants. There are lots of ways that a plant could go extinct. But if it's extinct that means it no longer exists that means you cannot plant it because you c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How / When did SCOTUS judges become so partisan to predict a decision on the basis of party appointment rather than on the merits of each case? | [
"They really aren't that partisan. The majority of cases are decided between 9-0 and 7-2. You hear about the 5-4 decisions because they are the most controversial, or it's an incredibly gray area of law, where the court has to set a precedent where none existed prior. All Federal Judges are lifetime appointments, n... | [
"1) Person is nominated 2) Committee questions the nominee, then makes a recommendation to the Senate (favorable, unfavorable, neither) 3) Senate in general questions the nominee 4) Senate debates and then votes (2/3 necessary) to close debate 5) Senate votes on confirmation (majority needed to confirm) I am not a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If a person has lung or stomach cancer, why can't the affected organ simply be removed? | [
"Doctor do remove those organs sometimes as part of cancer treatment. There are serious side effects, but it's worth it to not die of cancer. However, a malignant cancer will eventually spread through the blood or lymph vessels and infect other organs. At that point, removing the lung or stomach won't eliminate the... | [
"They don't always, it's just that sometimes when women have to have parts/all of their breast removed to get rid of the cancer, the nipple is part of what needs to be removed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do brittle things, like lead on the tip of my mechanical pencil, seem stronger when shorter? | [
"Comes down to leverage, a longer piece means you can apply force further away from the breaking point, thus multiplying the force applied."
] | [
"Bending stuff actually breaks the inside of the material, but hopefully not enough to break the surface. Some materials like metal and plastic are secretly buzzing and jiggling around on the inside, and might even fix some of those breaks over time, when warm enough. Sadly materials like wood or bread don't jiggle... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
how do phone card codes work? I know you punch in a number to call, but how does it bypass your phone carrier so you don't get charged by them too? | [
"You dial a toll free number first to connect to the company that issued the card, then you type in the code and phone number to tell them who you are and who you want to call."
] | [
"pre-paid: You get to choose which plan and how much you want to pay. there are no contracts, so you can end your payment at anytime. The downside is that you have to provide your own cell phone or buy a cell phone at full price. The nice things about pre-paid is that some, you buy a phone, and you get a number. No... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What is the difference between delusions and hallucinations? | [
"A hallucination is a sensory thing. You can see, hear, feel or I suppose taste something that's not actually there or the direct result of a stimulus on a sense organ like the eyes, ears, etc. A delusion is a belief that clearly disconnects with reality. If I think that the KGB has tapped my phone because I see pe... | [
"There is a huge list of things that can cause someone to suffer hallucinations (which is what this sounds like). In terms of mental illnesses, you might be thinking of Schizophrenia, the symptoms of which often include hallucinations, delusions and so on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do the rubber "bristles" on certain toothbrushes actually have a positive effect on teeth cleanliness? | [
"Those are not intended to get your teeth clean, but to stimulate your gums."
] | [
"bristles wear out, get bent, or too soft and no longer scrub the tooth, or enter the gaps between the tooth and the gumline, or between the teeth as well as they could have when the brush was new. Older brushes might have bristles that have broken off or become worn and are shorter than a new brush. But it's your... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does pressing in a X with your fingernail make a Mosquito bite stop itching? | [
"I thought I was the only one that did this"
] | [
"Sometimes it feels nice, does anybody know why it feels nice occasionally (Feels like a massage) and sometimes it feels nasty like somebody stabbing you with needles?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is "sleep debt" a real thing? | [
"Yes and no. Yes, if you sleep too little, you'll feel bad and incur various bad effects on your body and mind, and and an increased amount of sleep later can be necessary to get back to your full capabilities. No, this \"debt\" is not quantifiable and computable objectively in numbers. It's not the same for everyo... | [
"I battled with insomnia all my life, so I had to learn a little bit about it. I don't think you need to compare it with drinking and smoking, but they key word is \"long term.\" Drinking and smoking are bad for you, worst than sleep loss, but the effects of poor sleep will be felt over decades. Several studies sho... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do impartiality laws work and are things like Twitter moment subject to them? | [
"Laws vary hugely by country. What country are you asking about?"
] | [
"Who would do the moderation? The government? This is what happens in some countries, such as Russia and the UAE, and the governments in those countries influence the news to suit their own agenda. The UK had an independent Press Complaints Commission which does try to keep the news sane, even if that means censur... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The United States immigration process | [
"Getting a Visa gets you into the country. There are different forms of visas, depending on why you actually came (work, student, travel, etc.). All must be maintained, and can be rescinded for bad behavior. Once your Visa expires, you're forced to leave. Once you have been in the country for 5-10 years (depending ... | [
"All of the appeals that are allowed before the sentence is carried out. Court costs"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it easier to remember the items on a few short lists than it is to remember the items on one long list? | [
"Mostly because of chunking: which is a mnemonic device (in simpler words, a way of remembering things easier). Chunking basically means that you remember things placed in groups (‘chunked’ together) better then when it’s one larger thing."
] | [
"You cant actually, you can just recall the gist of the story because there is a narrative. You know the characters, and you know roughly how the story progressed, that isn't actually a lot to remember. If you think carefully you will remember details of specific events in the story, but if I asked you to tell me w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Cognitive psychology:"
} |
why can't we breed up animals for the sole purpose of using bits of them for our own use? ie we breed cows just to eat them why can't we breed elephants just for their tusks and other things, or whales for their meat and other things | [
"Why can't we breed pandas? Why don't they procreate? Because some animals have a very hard time procreating in captivity. No matter how much \"breeders\" try to recreate their natural habitats, these pandas still feel constricted and aren't in the mood to procreate. For domestication in general, there are half a d... | [
"Well actually it's not animal cruelty to kill any animal. Animal cruelty comes in with torture and such. The remorse comes with animals that are close to being extinct. Example; kill a cow and make steaks that's ok, cut off the cow's leg and leave it alive is cruel."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
when to use past vs. passed. | [
"Past when you are talking about time. Passed when you are talking about objective or distance. e.g. \"It is *past* my bedtime!\" e.g. \"I *passed* the test!\" e.g. \"You just *passed* the exit.\""
] | [
"One is an adjective- live broadcast One is a verb- They live This is actually pretty common to change the vowel with the part of speech. Ex: We record the record. (verb - noun)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What's SRS and why does everyone hate them? | [
"/r/shitredditsays Because people see them as manipulating votes on subs they link to, acting aggressive and confrontational, and constantly railing against reddit despite being (obviously) part of it. Also, because, frankly, most redditors don't care one bit about what they have to say."
] | [
"This was answered a few weeks ago. Did you try searching?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Science:"
} |
how do people in Vancouver afford 1-3 million dollar houses that would sell for half the price anywhere else in Canada ? | [
"Basically, you don't. Only people who make more than 60k a year live in Vancouver proper. Everyone else lives in the suburbs, like Burnaby or New Westminster. Middle class people who make 50k-80k before taxes can rent a multi-bedroom place in these areas or even a small house. People who make less than that just s... | [
"Supply and demand. More people live in the north and more people WANT to live in the north for various reasons, so the cost of things reflects that. I live in SoCal close to the beach, one bedrooms around here cost about $1300 per month. A friend of mine lives in Texas, rents a 3 bedroom condo for $400 per month. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Could a woman take testosterone supplements while pregnant to increase the chances of the child being a boy? | [
"No. Sex is not a hormonal issue, it's a genetic one. Your sex is determined based upon whether the sperm cell that fertilized your mother's egg had an X or a Y chromosome. No amount of testosterone will change that."
] | [
"It's not worse for women directly (at least not as far as I'm aware of), but women of childbearing age are cautioned to watch their intake because it can be harmful to a developing fetus."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do insects have such strong grip? | [
"Because insects have a proportional larger surface area than volume, where volume equates to weight and surface area is proportional to muscles which equates to more strength. Also insects have \"hooks\" in their legs that allows them to stick to rough surfaces."
] | [
"They cannot blink so they clean their eyes with legs. Their legs also have brushy hair called setae which are very sensitive and inform the insect if anything is on them (mold, dust, whatever). They also have little hair on their entire body that acts as an advanced sensory organ. This also has to be clean."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why the microwave has to be closed to start working? | [
"Very little would happen if you operated a microwave with an open door. Microwaves are notoriously hard to get into the food that you're trying to cook, which is why most microwave ovens have a rotating tray, to try and align the food with as many microwave paths as possible. If the door were open, the energy woul... | [
"The glass in the microwave might have small strands built in for a second layer Faraday cage. It is hard to say if it is still safe to use. It is better to be on the safe side. If you are worried you might try with a wet towel placed on the outside of the door and around the edges. It it gets hot in some areas the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the United States have more prisoners per capita than any other country? | [
"While this is an extremely complicated question,the most significant contributing factors are \"the war on drugs\", mandatory minimum sentences, and three strikes laws. These function to incarcerate people for what would otherwise be considered less serious offences."
] | [
"The United States has about two and a half times the population of the UK, Canada, Australia, Ireland, and New Zealand combined."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is the VA (Veteran's Administration) so dysfunctional and inefficient? What are the reasons for the current scandals over patient care? | [
"The people who run it have the wrong incentives. The Congressmen who oversee it all want more money spent in their district, so money doesn't get spent where its needed. In governmental agencies, image in the press matters a lot. Administrators worry about being the center of a new scandal, so covering things up c... | [
"Without getting political, the strongest arguments against a single payer health insurance system in the US are: 1) The US is huge compared to other countries with universal healthcare -- 10x larger than Canada, 5x larger than the UK -- and the system might not be effective when it scales up like that. 2) Cost -- ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How can drug companies put instructions and warnings on the back of their tablet packaging (like ibuprofen and aspirin) for how many someone should take at a time/within 24 hours etc. when everybody has a different body weight/size? | [
"If a medication isn't fat soluble, then your body weight will have little effect on how it's absorbed. Particularly with painkillers, they're concerned with liver and kidney damage - and the liver and kidneys don't vary much in size."
] | [
"So I do not work for a big manufacturing company but I do work for a compounding pharmacy. Part of the reason is particle size/dosage amount being too much for one pill, and you are right to say that there is a lot of filler in the pill itself - however that filler is usually required for the pill to well for a si... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why isn't Edward Snowden protected under the Whistleblower Protection Programs? | [
"* First, the government says, he did not expose the kinds of actions covered by whistle-blower protections — illegal conduct, fraud, waste or abuse. * Other officials have argued that the programs revealed by Snowden are illegal or unconstitutional. For now, they are presumptively legal, given the assent of membe... | [
"Treason as defined in the US Constitution > Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does a li-ion/lipo battery explode when shorted out? | [
"The lithium atoms can crystallise and form a chain, that chain can short circuit the poles and it is this short circuit which can cause a fire. - _URL_0_"
] | [
"NiMH batteries do not suffer from memory (at least not like NiCd) and they have the benefit of not bursting into flames when mishandled. Lithium ion batteries are prone to thermal runaway if not charged properly (and sometimes when they are), don't like to be deeply discharged, and don't like to be float charged. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why is genital skin always darker than normal skin? | [
"Copied from askscience: > The expression of Androgen receptors is greater in melanocytes located in the areolas and genital area. Thus, Androgen stimulation promotes the synthesis of melanin and pigmentation in these areas. This is a relevant paper: _URL_0_ > There are other hormonal stimuli that promote melanog... | [
"It's not staining, it's pigmentation. It isn't always brown either. It's the same sort of thing that causes the skin around nipples to be a different color than the rest of the skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why don't we rebuild ancient structures to there former glory rather then leave them as they are? | [
"Partly it's because we're not 100% sure what their former glory was, and are worried that if we were to rebuild them that we'd get it wrong and thus ruin an important part of human history."
] | [
"There are loads and loads of Roman Buildings that only lasted 50 years, or so. They're just not around any more. This is a kind of confirmation bias. *Of course* all Roman buildings we see lasted hundreds of years. That's why we can still see them. I imagine there are some modern buildings that could last a simila... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about History:"
} |
Why is it "Ladies and Gentlemen" and "Boys and Girls"? Is there a reason for the order and the difference in order when addressing different ages? | [
"They're called frozen binomials; like how we say \"pots and pans\" not \"pans and pots\". It has to do with syllables (smallest to largest), complexity of the word, and what just rolls off the tongue easiest. Some argue a gender bias, but for every \"man and woman\" binomial there is an \"aunt and uncle\"; for eve... | [
"It is really pretty simple. You use the pronoun corresponding to the gender a person identifies with at the time. For example: * Caitlyn Jenner is transgendered. She made the news a lot in 2015. * Bruce Jenner was an Olympic athlete. He won a gold medal in 1976. Sexual orientation is usually irrelevant to pronouns... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about LGBTQ+ terminology:"
} |
Why does light have speed? Why isn't it instantaneous? | [
"Light is still an electromagnetic wave and takes time to propagate through space. It is more technically accurate to think of c as the universal speed limit and just know that lights *happens* to travel at c. If you assume c to be infinite, you get Newtonian physics. Because Einstein recognized that all inertial r... | [
"You can determine the speed of light from the laws of physics explaining how electricity works. Electricity doesn't work differently when you're moving, so the speed of light must not be different either."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Physics:"
} |
How did societies enforce the law before police were a thing? | [
"There were always enforcers, members of the tribe that enforced the rules, they just didn't have job titles."
] | [
"Passports are known to have existed as early as 450 BCE, so it's not a new thing. They've probably been a thing as long as there have been separate nations."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Taiwan and China's relationship in the past and now. | [
"Taiwan used to be a small native-held island, in China's sphere of influence but not considered very important. In the 17th century or so, Chinese colonists started showing up. When Japan gained control over the island in 1895, a majority of its inhabitants were (Han) Chinese. After World War II, Japan gave the is... | [
"The Russians and Americans attitude to economics due to their different histories are fundamental to their approaches to the world in general and their attitude to each other at the start of the cold war in particular. For more information on this - _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
do we lose our imagination or do we suppress it as we get older ? | [
"Neither, really. Some people maintain very active imaginations for much of their lives. However consider *why* a child has a need for a greater scope of imagination. Much of their world is still a mystery to them. They might know that something works a certain way, but they don't know how. So perhaps that little l... | [
"Because your parents will teach you how to survive in the world that we live in, but schools try to teach you how to understand as much as you can about the world that we live in."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Education:"
} |
Why are clothes hangers not shaped like human shoulders? | [
"They are designed to be in the shape of human shoulders. From the Wikipedia page on clothes hangers; > A clothes hanger, coat hanger, or coathanger, is a device in the shape of: > * **Human shoulders** designed to facilitate the hanging of a coat, jacket, sweater, shirt, blouse or dress in a manner that prevents... | [
"Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
Why are colossal (eg. Godzilla) things depicted as moving so slowly? | [
"As things get larger they may appear to move slower, but that is just because they are far away. Godzilla would be walking much faster than an insect could fly, but not in comparison to its size. If it was matching speed to size it would probably be breaking the sound barrier."
] | [
"Not sure anything ever existed as large as Godzilla, but this is basically due to gravity. It's worthy to note that a creature the size of Godzilla would literally be crushed by it's own weight not be able to survive. (possibly in the ocean, not sure) This is the reason it is so deadly for blue whales to be beache... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The difference between a wireless access point and a network switch | [
"Think of a network switch as a telephone operator. When you pick up a telephone, and call a number, the telephone operator will connect you to the number you want to call. A wireless access point is like the base on your wireless phone that is connected to the phone switch. It allows your wireless phone to make ca... | [
"Portable WiFi hotspots use a cellular radio to access the Internet and a WiFi radio to form a local WiFi network. Is this the device you were asking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what is going on when you feel a tickle on your skin like a tiny bug is moving on you but your closest examinations reveal nothing is there. | [
"There are very tiny nerve receptors in your skin if two or more of them are stimulated at the same time you get this sensation, sometimes the bug moved before you saw it, sometimes it can be dust or other debris, sometimes it can be a phantom response. For more on the nerves in your skin - _URL_0_"
] | [
"Irritations come in many forms. Perhaps it's a grain of sand, or dirt. maybe a flake of skin. or just a loose hair that has moved or even brushed against your skin. Sometimes it's a new zit you \"happen to discover\" because it was irritating you subconsciously. insects are also common and itching is a way to brus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the connection strength between a phone and a wifi router fluxuate, even when neither are being touched? | [
"Your connection strength isn't just determined by the strength of the signal between you and your phone, it is also impacted by the noise in the environment While the signal strength may remain constant, if the noise increases because of a leaky microwave or increased WiFi traffic from your neighbor's router then ... | [
"Depends on type of connection the wifi uses, if it is through cable to wifi then the signal will be okay, if the wifi is connected through antenna the connection will get worse because the rain is blocking the signal from travelling from the signal emmiter which causes data loss along the way, so the data needs to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Whats the difference between 4G and 3G? And is there a 2G or just a G? | [
"[Use the search function please](_URL_0_) Edit: Before downvoting (which I don't really understand), remember the subreddit rules: > •Search first. Use the handy search bar to see if your question has already been answered satisfactorily."
] | [
"5Ge is the rebranding of AT & Ts LTE evolution which is a quicker slightly more advanced LTE network. Real 5G is a giant leap ahead on technology. So the biggest thing is download speeds. 5Ge would be between 50 and 100 Mbps. Which is good but real 5G can be closer to 1000 Mbps. AT & T is hoping people will think ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Technology:"
} |
What harm does having a large debt do? | [
"We have to pay interest on our debt. So having a huge debt means we have to pay a lot of interest, which means we either have less money to spend on things we want/need or have to borrow even more money."
] | [
"Because you have a significant amount of iron in your blood."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do we have to buy domain names from companies instead of just claiming it ourselves for free? | [
"Back in the day, before everyone and his uncle wanted a domain name, before the world wide web, before google, you *could* just ask for a domain name and get it for free. Who did you ask? The National Science Foundation, of all things. When domains started getting more popular, the National Science Foundation got... | [
"You can totally register a domain name independently. Go to a registrar with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) and register the name you want. You pay around twenty dollars and get that registration for a year; you have to renew it if you want to keep it. Or, you can go to a website l... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is the Standard Model? Why does it matter? | [
"The Standard Model is our current best theory of particle physics. It contains all the particles and all the forces necessary to explain everyday life. There are six quarks and six leptons that make up pretty much everything we usually refer to as \"matter.\" Then there are the four fundamental forces that govern ... | [
"Are you asking what caused the Big bang? No one knows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is the difference between investors and shareholders? | [
"In a publicly traded company, anyone can buy shares. They are thus investing in the company. Their say in how the company is actually run is limited. Usually virtually the only say they have is in the election of the Board of Directors. Investors in a privately held company sometimes invest in return for shares... | [
"Stock: You own part of the company. If there are 100 stocks, and you own 1, you own 1% of the company. Bond: My company needs $100 loan to do a project. I don't want to get get the money from a bank, so I create bonds. If you buy my bond, I'll pay you back with interest. Securities: Any tradable financial asset. T... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How much progression do we have into time travel possibilities? | [
"All the advancements in modern physics have progressed us away from the possibility of time travel. Since Einstein's work on relativity, we've found more and more evidence indicating that nothing can go faster than the speed of light, and this severely limits theoretical avenues for the discovery of time travel. ... | [
"Not sure if you are violating the 20 year rule with that question, also are you asking about if history has seen a push back to globalism prior to what we have seen? I am not quite sure what you mean by context."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Everyone says that if Pakistan and India go to war, there will be global consequences. What are they? | [
"Both have nuclear weapons and would probably use them if faced with an existential threat such as actually losing a conventional war to their deadly enemy. The rest of the world has an interest in avoiding a nuclear war, wouldn't you say?"
] | [
"The simple answer is that the major super powers that would be involved in a world war all have nuclear capability and it would mean the end of the world as we know it. There wont be any agreement that we will go to war without using nukes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How come I can get really tired reading a book or watching tv, but when I try to go to sleep immediately after I toss and turn for hours before finally falling asleep? | [
"If you're like me, it's because your mind races. Reading or watching TV means something is effectively doing a lot of the \"thinking\" for you. You can start to doze and still have the thoughts be fed to you. When thinking in bed, some thoughts lead to more and it just spirals out of control. Funny thing is, when... | [
"This happens to me every so often, it's the weirdest thing. I'm trying to sleep but these stressful thoughts keep passing through my mind over and over again (and often they don't make much sense), and I can't tell if I'm awake or asleep. I have to force myself to get up and turn the light on/go to the bathroom/et... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Sleep and boredom:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Sleep and boredom:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
Why is saffron so expensive? | [
"Saffron comes from the stigmas of a flower called the purple crocus. There's only a few stigmas in each flower. So it takes a lot of flowers and a lot of hard labor to harvest and prepare even a small amount of saffron. I think it's cheaper if you buy saffron threads instead of in ground powder form, though."
] | [
"Answer me this: why is pizza so delicious?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is it that we sometimes remember seemingly insignificant things we don't try to remember. ex: when I was 6 I specifically remember tying my shoe on my birthday, but I don't remember anything else. What's the trigger? | [
"They're called flash memories, it's when something significant happened to you ( or at least you perceived it as important ). It's the same as \"that one time I accidentally shit myself before school in sixth grade and had to wipe it off and wear that same pair of underwear at school that day\". The memory may not... | [
"I have a photographic memory but it was only a few years ago I found out my memory was different from everyone else's I believe it's just something you are born with, I can remember many things in perfect detail from when I was around 3 years old, I can remember the day of the week on a specific day and what the w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Cognitive psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Cognitive psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
when skydiving, is the gravity of the earth's core pulling me down or the air molecules I am in contact with? | [
"Everything attracts everything. However, the heavier the object, the more force it will exert on you. Imagine all the weight of the air above you when jumping (pulling you up); that weight is negligible compared to the weight of the earth + the air beneath you (pulling you down). Side note: the distance is also ve... | [
"well let's suppose that can happen. who would happen. plane's going at some 500 mph relative to ground at altitude of 30,000ft. God turns off gravity in the entire universe. first thing that'd happen. all the passengers would freak out. next thing that'd happen, the plane would start gaining altitude fast. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is Net Neutrality? Why does it matter? Or why should i care? | [
"It's the concept that all Internet Service Providers (ISP) should treat all traffic on their network as equal. It prevents a \"pay-to-play\" scenario where ISPs charge fees for priority treatment. So large companies who can pay the fees get a higher priority over smaller companies who can't afford the fees. It all... | [
"Why is this vote happening and why should I care/not care as someone who doesn't live in UK?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do internet companies that offer large amounts of data storage turn a profit? | [
"Ever since GMail, companies have found that this model can work. The thing is that huge capacities are a powerful selling point (it instantly made GMail the top free mail brand in what was a crowded market) but most people don't use much of that capacity. I have had my gmail account since 2006, sending and getting... | [
"They have to employ people and create infrastructure to build and maintain the software that runs the site, and also pay for the hardware and services and management to actually host an enormous and enormously popular resource. It's not at all trivial or cheap."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does the screen of your car know the name of the current playing song when you are just listening to the radio? | [
"It's called RBDS. They just send the data along with the regular signal. Your radio gets the extra info and it tells you what song is playing. Edit: a word"
] | [
"They could be listening to music from an audio player which can't connect to the car stereo (for example if the car doesn't have an aux input). Or they could just be using their headphones to talk to someone on the phone. And where I'm from it's very illegal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
The Planned Parenthood Fetal Organ Donation Program | [
"Yes, the fetal tissue is harvested after abortion only with the mother's consent. If the mother does not consent, the tissue is destroyed in the same way all medical waste is destroyed. The tissue can come from any sort of abortion, whether that is a fetus that is not viable, one that threatens the life of the mot... | [
"Star Wars Episode VII: The Jar Jar Binks Adventures"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why so many Native American tribes seem to own casinos | [
"Gambling is illegal in a lot of the United States, but on Native American Reservations, they don't have to follow those rules as much. So casinos get built because they don't have many laws to say no casinos"
] | [
"It's so bad that the most intelligent people from all over the world fight tooth and claw to get here to be educated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are there 'LATEST Snowden leaks'? | [
"From the sources I've seen it's being released in chunks to keep it on people's minds and in the media longer."
] | [
"The long definitive timeline: _URL_0_ The short and sweet timeline: _URL_1_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
If you have a pile of mulch/woodchips/etc and leave it long enough it can start to smoke. How? | [
"A large enough pile will be generating heat all through it, and the stuff in the middle has nowhere for the heat to go, so it builds up. Eventually, you'll hit the smoke point for something in the pile (the wood, the resins in the sap, small children, you know) and voila! Smoke!"
] | [
"Depends on the amount really. Heavy leaf piles generally don't have time to decompose over the winter so you're left with a smelly pile of rotting vegetation that can be home to all sorts of vermin and creepy crawlies. So we rake most of them away. Some people mow smaller amounts into the lawn, that acts as a mulc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How scientists determine the composition of each planet/ Star? | [
"Different elements have different light emissions, so by analyzing the light coming from a star or reflecting off a planet, you can tell what it is mostly composed of. Edit: the light spectrum analysis looks like this: _URL_0_"
] | [
"An Exoplanet is a planet that is not in our solar system. The Goldilocks Zone is the zone around a Star that liquid water can exist on a planet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why haven't foreign Armies gone to stop the ISIS? | [
"I can't answer for either different countries or the United States government, since I'm not apart of either; but from the American people there is a huge sense of \"war-weariness\". The people are tired of fighting long, bloody, expensive, and often unnecessary wars on the other side of the globe. There is alread... | [
"It's all about money, politics and greed, we make money off of going and Fing up ISIS, whereas Kenya and all the bad things happening in Africa right now have no profit for our U.S. Government."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about current affairs:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about current affairs:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Current events:"
} |
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