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Why are today's weight standards different from the mid 1900s?
|
[
"Part of the reason is that, on average, we have more muscle than we did back then (weight lifting and working out in general weren't really a thing back then.) We're also much fatter on average, for a variety of reasons."
] |
[
"Because American schools are designed to suit the work schedules of kids who worked in steel mills back in the late 1800s and early 1900s."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Education:"
}
|
How does a CPU work? Please use simple metaphors for each subsystem.
|
[
"[Check out this video.](_URL_0_) It explains not only the CPU but also how it interacts with the RAM."
] |
[
"It's a simplified computer architecture used for instructional purposes. Real world computer architectures tend to be far too complex for an introductory course, so colleges use stripped-down architectures."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Why does water taste different after sitting for a few days?
|
[
"Bacteria and other microbes are everywhere all the time, and they need water to grow. So what you're tasting is a melange of those microbes and the waste they produce as they grow. They've been floating through the air or transferred by some other means (e.g., your mouth and hands), or may have been in the water from the beginning. At any rate, water helps them live and multiply. A nice glass of fresh water left exposed to ample oxygen at room temperature makes for a nice little incubator for all manner of microscopic critters."
] |
[
"Hot water heaters hold water for long periods of time, and as such they often have buildup of various sediments and other contaminants that you really don't want to be ingesting on a regular basis. Also, it fouls the flavor of the water. Especially if you have scale issues. Take two cups. Fill one with hot water, fill another with cold. Put them both in the fridge. Once the hot water is cold, taste both cups. You'll see that the taste of the hot water is not nearly as good as the cold."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
Why does feeling lonely make you want to spend more time alone?
|
[
"Its an evolutionary trait. When we're feeling lonely, we experience a heightened sensitivity to danger and threats in a social context. The reaction that makes us want to spend extended time alone is called \"preventative rejection\", and in theory is protecting us from further rejection and negative interactions with others. This allows us to minimize the damage from any negative interactions that might have caused the loneliness to begin with, but in the long term leads to potentially self-defeating feelings of hostility, fault finding, and self blame (as seen in almost every other comment on your post!) EDIT: grammar EDIT 2: WOW! Thank you beautiful strangers for the gold - I'm glad that my response was helpful to so many; I've received a ton of messages asking further questions, please feel free to keep it up!"
] |
[
"Because being deprived of sleep has the same effects on the brain as alcohol does. You give fewer fucks so you're a little more outgoing. It happens to me all the damn time."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:"
}
|
why can't we reproduce the contitions or environment to make truffles?
|
[
"We can. Wikipedia says that people began to notice that truffles grew under certain trees and cultivation was common in France. _URL_0_"
] |
[
"emmm i don't think so. many people beleive that god create the universe, big bang and maybe aliens must be part of his creation"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Why do videos run better than video games on computer?
|
[
"Lets say you get hired to do a job. This job involves taking papers and holding it up for people to see. Sometimes you get tasks where you're given a stack of papers with stuff on them and you just hold one up, then the next, then the next, etc. Fairly easy. Now lets say you get a task where you have to draw the contents of the paper before holding it up. It's going to take you a lot longer to process the task right? That's basically whats going on with a video that's pre-rendered, versus something like a video game that has to render each frame (page) individually."
] |
[
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
If lenses are round, why are photos square?
|
[
"actually, squares are rectangles, but thats not important. First rule, you cant reasonably make a square lens. Its all easier round. Ok, so now do you make a round film? round digital sensor? round pictures? round picture frames? No its clear the end result will be a rectangle, and in the case of film, you would have to LOSE resolution to make a circular image on a strip of paper. SO they let the film define the shape that is captured."
] |
[
"A camera has two main parts: - A circular glass called a lens, which focuses light. - A rectangular light catcher, called a sensor. The first is a circle and so the angle does not change. The second is a rectangle. When you flip your phone sideways, you flip the rectangle sideways, too."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How do women use the john while wearing dresses, especially the long flowing variety?
|
[
"Yep ya gotta hike it up. If it's big like a wedding dress or something we have a friend hold the dress for us."
] |
[
"The way it was explained to me was that back in the day all women wore skirts and dresses, so the low bar bikes could accommodate dresses."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
Why are higher values of money made with paper rather than coins, if coin money lasts longer?
|
[
"Paper is cheaper to make and people don't like carrying coins around. In the US the Sacajawea dollar was tried for awhile a few years ago but never caught on because most people still preferred paper bills."
] |
[
"A gold standard means that the government only circulates enough money that is has in its possession in real gold. So, in the event of a stock market failure, people could be given gold in exchange for currency, and that would be a workable solution. Floating currencies are more realistic, because they allow for smaller denominations of money. Let's say for a gold standard of currency, a dollar is 1 oz. of 24k gold: that's like $1240 dollars in our floating currency. It wouldn't make sense to pay someone in 1/100th of an ounce of 24 k gold for some new shoes. The floating system allows for a greater circulation and distribution of money. The government can only acquire so much, and at some point there would not be enough currency for everyone. So the benefits are distribution and efficiency. Most governments use floating currencies for this reason."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
What's actually happening when we laugh so hard it hurts?
|
[
"You're causing a hypoxic (low oxygen) state in your diaphragm and other accessory respiratory muscles. Source: I'm a paramedic student."
] |
[
"Hearing other people laugh makes you laugh, too! Even if it's fake. You know, if you fake a smile long enough, eventually you become happy! Try it sometime."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
Why does paper money have serial numbers but coins do not?
|
[
"Serial numbers are an anti-counterfeiting measure. The US government is not seriously concerned about people counterfeiting coins because of the difficulty and extremely low reward for the risk."
] |
[
"Banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System regularly deposit their cash in the regional Federal Reserve Bank. The Federal Reserve Banks can exchange notes that shouldn't be recirculated for new ones. The Federal Reserve Board has the authority to order from the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (part of the Department of the Treasury), and each year estimates how much will be needed. The damaged bills are destroyed. So for the typical person, if you have a damaged bill, all you need to do is go to your bank to exchange it. It will make its way to the Federal Reserve eventually. It's harder if you have a severely mutilated bill, like if you have less than half. Then you've got to get the Bureau of Engraving and Printing to examine it to see whether you can get it exchanged for a new bill. Usually people don't bother with that unless a large amount of money is involved."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
What is that "hot blooded" feeling you get when you feel aggravated?
|
[
"Your pulse and blood-pressure rise to prepare yourself for a fight. That means more blood gets pumped into your head and face, too. Since blood is warm, you feel hotter."
] |
[
"What's that scared feeling called, when you don't even know what you scared about?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
What does pain feel like?
|
[
"Wow, thinking about it, this is a very loaded question. It's difficult to explain pain to someone that can't feel it. I imagine you've suffered some emotional pain at some point in your life. If I had to describe how physical pain compares to that, I'd say it's fairly different yet somehow similar. Personally, I think emotional pain can be much more severe. Most injuries tend to heal after a while, so it's usually temporary. Emotional pain can leave scars for life. I've had my fair share of broken or fractured bones, flesh injuries and some other minor issues. I've been lucky enough to not have lasting damage from any of these. A broken arm doesn't keep me awake at night, but a bad breakup or the death of a loved one definitely does. I'm not sure what else I can say about this, but if you have any other more specific questions I'd be happy to answer. Also, you should consider doing an AMA, I'm sure Reddit would love to pick your brain about some of your experiences."
] |
[
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
How to understand camera lens F numbers
|
[
"A 12 gauge shotgun is a larger barrel than a 20 gauge shotgun. A 6 gauge ear stud is bigger than a 14 gauge ear stud A F/2.8 aperture is bigger than a F/5.6 aperture. If you think of photography like filling a bucket with water (light), then the aperture is how wide your hose is, and your shutter speed is how long you turn the tap on for. Wide hose only needs the tap turned for a short time to fill the bucket, narrow hose needs the tap turned on for longer to fill the bucket to the same amount."
] |
[
"A lens forms a focused image at a certain distance behind the lens. This distance is based on the object's distance from the front of the lens. When you adjust the focus on a camera, you're moving the lens back and forth. This puts the film or CCD at the correct distance behind the lens. This is the fundamental explanation, if your camera has adjustable focus if probably has more than one lens in it. Depending on the lens's focal ratio (F# for you photographers out there) the range of distances that will be in focus is larger or smaller. The technical term for this is called depth of focus. Edit: wording"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
why the US military can't deploy military police officers in areas of the country with little police presence or cities that can barely afford a functioning police force like Detroit?
|
[
"The US military is not allowed to operate on US soil save in the event of invasion or fighting those of treasonous disent (civil war). It is one of the protections that prevent the President from becoming a dictator."
] |
[
"Called in to do what exactly? Like, occupy the city? It's not like there's a riot going on in the city every day. Violence happens all over the place and is very diffuse. Unless you wanted to put the city under a pseudo-military occupation, the national guard can't do much that police can't do already."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do waves in the ocean look frozen when you look at them from an airplane?
|
[
"They are continuously moving, but with nothing nearby as a reference point and at a great distance, it is hard to tell. It's like how a plane in the sky looks like It's going real slow, when it's actually going like 600 mph."
] |
[
"The twinkling effect which causes brightening/dimming/color change is caused by diffraction (bending) of light in the atmosphere. It is the same reason why if you have a glass of water with a straw in it, the straw will look like it's in a different place underwater than in the air. Or, if you are looking at a pond with ripples at the surface, the objects within will appear to distort. If you were in space with barely more than a vacuum between you and the star, it would appear constant to your eyes."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
how does file compression work? As in .zip, .rar, etc.
|
[
"To give a really simple example.... Say you want to compress a text file that contains: \"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA\" Originally that file is 20 characters long. You can compress it by doing this instead: \"Ax20\" You've now reduced it to 4 characters with no loss of information. In reality, compression works similarly to this, it looks for patterns that can de described in a shorter way. For example it may take less space to say the word \"and\" appears at certain locations than to actually list the word again and again."
] |
[
"Only the last one matters, the early ones tell you what's inside. A common one is a .tar.gz which is the gzip(Linux version of .zip) of a tarball which is just a collection of files. If you want a file inside first you unzip then you untar it A .exe.mui would be an exe inside a mui wrapper or a .mui associated with an exe of the same name"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Supernovae, Neutron stars, and black holes.
|
[
"* **Supernova**: when a massive star blows up, initiated by the sudden (takes less than a second) collapse of it's core. The collapse of the core is initiated when the pressure from nuclear fusion can no longer hold up against the immense gravity pushing in. There are generally two types, Ia and II. * **Neutron Star**: a super-massive and super-dense star where all the space between the the neutrons and electrons of the atoms of the star has been eliminated. In other words, the atoms have been crushed so there is virtually no space between the neutrons and electrons. A teaspoon of neutron star would weight millions and millions of pounds. * **Black holes**: when a super-massive star's core collapses all the way down to a singularity, an infinitely dense and infinitely small point. Bends space-time so much that not even light can escape it's gravitational pull. If you get close enough (called the event-horizon), you will never be able to escape the black hole's pull."
] |
[
"Because we are able to observe a growing supernova in their vicinity. Based on what they know about the behavior of supernovas, scientists are able to conclude that it will eventually destroy the Pillars."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about astronomy:"
}
|
Why does flushing the toilet make the water in the shower hotter?
|
[
"Toilets use cold water to refill their tanks. Flushing causes the tank to refill. Showers mix cold and hot water to get the temperature you want. Cold water is diverted to the toilet leaving only/mostly hot water. More modern plumbing systems don’t have this issue, but its prevalent in older houses."
] |
[
"Because the water that would normally go into the bowl from the tank/reservoir has nowhere to go. Same thing that would happen if you clogged your kitchen sink and turned on the faucet."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Why do we make cars that easily go way faster than the speed limit?
|
[
"Well, all countries have different rules, the same goes for speed limits! The best example is Germany, they are known to have roads with NO speedlimit, meaning you can go as fast as your car (and your bravery) will take you!. That also explains why there are many sports cars in that country too. How about other countries with speed limits?, well to be honest. People who buy such cars just do it because....well they can! Think of it as a show of status rather than practicality. Its like why people buy virtual clothes or cosmetics. Theres no advantage to getting them, the only difference is that you are now seen as a richer person!"
] |
[
"How long do you want to take to accelerate? Merging onto the highway in a reasonable time takes far more power than maintaining a constant speed. There are plenty of 1.0 l cars for sale in Europe. They take about 17 +/- seconds to reach 100 kph, but they are very fuel efficient. No one would buy them here in the US because it would be frankly frightening to try to merge onto our freeways in a car that slow."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
Why do we get dopamine releases from completing a hard video game level or accomplishing a feat, but not from solving a math question?
|
[
"I actually get a huge rush from solving a math problem... You get the dopamine rush from doing things you like, partially. If you don't like something, you won't get the rush. Something like flappy bird is easy for most people to enjoy, so you get the rush."
] |
[
"My only answer to this is the \"Time flies while you're having fun\" line. Take a time of 40 minutes and play your favorite sport or video game using that time. Then take the same time studying your least favorite subject or doing a boring chore. Usually the 40 minutes you spent doing something you enjoyed will go \"faster\" than the tedious one. I don't know the true reasoning behind this but this is my take on it"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
Why are babies attracted to cartoons and not regular television shows (non-cartoons)?
|
[
"I'm pretty sure it has something to do with the soft shapes and simpler designs. That's why shows like blues clues are the way they are. I don't really know but I hope that helps."
] |
[
"We have plenty of western cartoons like The Simpsons or Family Guy that aren't exaclty designed for kids. Southpark is a good example of an adult western cartoon."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
Is fire just a chain reaction between the molecules?
|
[
"Molecules aren't igniting. Something burning is a chemical reaction where the molecules of the burned substance are increasing rapidly in kinetic energy (their movement is increasing). The \"chain reaction\" depends on the energy of the activation of the reaction and the amount of substance that is able to undergo said reaction. So, the fire is a release of energy from the reaction. -hope this helps, it was a rather confusing question."
] |
[
"> Where does it get the energy to start burning? From the same place a normal flame gets its energy to start burning: The surrounding environment. Burning is a chemical reaction and the catalyst is ambient energy which pushes it over the edge into a self-perpetuating process. The difference here is that in our experience normal flames need higher temperatures, similar to that of an open flame. But the chemical reaction of the rubidium can take place at lower temperatures such as room temperature."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
Why are you not supposed to use cruise control while pulling heavy trailers?
|
[
"Say you get a speed wobble. You need to come off the throttle immediately and slow down to recover. Your cruise control obviously doesn't know a speed wobble started and staying on the throttle will make the wobble worse. Same thing can happen in slippery conditions. Cruise control can make the car slide more if your traction control doesn't intervene."
] |
[
"Speed up slowly. Don't use the air conditioner unless it's necessary. Keep windows closed. Keep a large lead in front of your car to the car in front of you (a large buffer) Drive so that you don't have to use your brakes. Drive so that you drive slowly and steadily rather than start and stop. Clean and/or replace your air filter, change your oil, inflate your tires, get your car tuned. Educate others on how to do so too."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
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}
|
How do they build those rickety rope bridges? I can't wrap my brain around it...
|
[
"Generally you take a thin rope that's a lot longer than the gap, secure one end and take the other end the long way, down through the valley or whatever. You pull it tight and secure it, then you can use that rope to pull across a bigger, heavier and stronger rope, and do that as many times as you need until you've got enough strength to carry workers who build the thing out into a full bridge. Yes, this does mean hanging from a few ropes over an abyss while building the bridge. Sometimes people even take the first string across with a kite."
] |
[
"Arachnophobe here.... Sometimes they launch the strand and let the wind blow it until it connects with something. Sometimes they launch a disconnected strand and float on it, in the wind until it sticks to something. Sometimes they lower remarkably heavy items (rocks and stones) on a strand and use that as an anchor for the rest of the web. There are probably more terrifying things they do too, and someone can probably help more, but I really don't want to know!"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why does a mobil's GPS need mobile data and data connection to work?
|
[
"Your phone doesn't need a mobile connection to receive GPS signals. As you rightly suggested, these are constantly transmitted from orbiting satellites, and no internet connection is necessary to receive that data. However your phone does need an internet connection to download the maps which it uses to display where you are -- although some mapping apps do have the ability to pre-download data for specific areas so that they'll work without online connectivity. However to store detailed maps of the entire planet would require far more memory than even the largest SD card available, so phones generally simply download just enough of the immediate area to be displayed at any given time."
] |
[
"You can turn off \"data roaming\" in the settings, that will stop your alotted 2GB of data being used. It could have a different name, but its where the settings are to turn off wifi You can turn off wifi too, to save battery. > And how does the phone connect to the internet without WiFi? it just uses the data roaming fees via your mobile device. instead of voice packets, its data packets"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
What is the evolutionary purpose of pine cones?
|
[
"The pine cone contains seeds, when it's wet the cone \"scales\" tighten up and close, and when it's dry they open. This means that when seeds get blown out it's drier, which means they travel further. The cone itself is just the bag for the seeds, it's not useful itself after the seeds are gone."
] |
[
"> Why/when do pinecones open up? Pine cones open when it is warm and dry because it is a better time to spread pollen and seeds. Pine cones open in order to either produce pollen or receive pollen depending on if they are male or female cones."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
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|
Why can you just tag the base to get a runner out at first in baseball but it seems like you need to tag the runner himself all other times?
|
[
"It's an issue of \"forced\" or not. If the runner has an alternative destination then you have to tag them, if they do not...you can tag the base. In the case of a runner stealing from first to second, the runner could return to first base if they decided to do so, so...you must touch them. When the player has just hit the ball, they _must_ go to first base, so...you can just touch the base. For an advanced (!) example, if there is a runner on first and someone hits the ball, the runner on first can be made \"out\" by just touching second base, because the runner on second can't go back to first base because it's occupied by the person who just hit the ball."
] |
[
"Imagine baseball where: * there is no foul territory, you play in the center of the field * there is only two bases, and you start out with a man on each * instead of a strike zone, there is a target * instead of balls and strikes, the batter is out if he lets the pitcher hit the target * the batter keeps batting until he is out, not matter how many hits he gets * you don't have to run on a hit if you don't think you can make base * there is only one inning * you get 10 outs per inning Make those changes to baseball, and you are really close to cricket."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How do trees die? Do they have a life span and die from "old age", or do they only die when they become infected with a fungus/infested with termites/etc.?
|
[
"They die like anything else. Sure they can die of the causes you mentioned. Even if none of those happen to the tree, over time cells become less able to reproduce identical copies of themselves. Due to this, the tree will not be able to keep growing or replace its current cells, so it will die. Trees don’t need to replace their cells that often, so they can live a long time."
] |
[
"Insects do get infections. They can even have parasites living on or in them, like mites. How do insects eat things covered in bacteria? Well, everything in the world is covered with bacteria, including us and the stuff we eat. It's just the 'bad' bacteria that are a problem. An insect only has to live long enough to reproduce, and bacteria and parasites cannot survive themselves if they kill the host too quickly."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Why land masses who are somewhat close to Antarctica such as New Zealand don't get cold?
|
[
"New Zealand is somewhat close to Antarctica in roughly the same way as Paris is somewhat close to the Arctic, and has a broadly similar climate."
] |
[
"That didn't happen. There was more ice at both poles. However the effects of the ice age on the Antarctic Ocean aren't as clear as the ice effects on landmasses in the northern hemisphere. Patagonia and Tasmania had ice ages, they just weren't as severe because they are much farther from the south pole than Canada, Europe or Russia are from the north pole."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
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|
The whole thing about DRM and Ubisoft.
|
[
"Ubisoft is notorious for the DRM (Digital Rights Management) in the games they make. The most frequent example of it is the requirement to be connect to the internet at all times while you play. So if you wanted to play for example single player Assassins Creed but where offline no dice. The reason for the DRM was to stop pirates, you cant play the game without connecting online and if they detect a pirated copy they would just close the game. Problem solved! Piracy stopped! Expect pirates just disable that bit of code, allowing them to play offline. The result is piracy continues, and in fact the pirates get the best version of the game because they can play it offline while your paying customers are stuck with the online always requirement. Ubisoft has recently announced that they will stop using the always connected method of DRM for future games."
] |
[
"I can think of 2 reasons: protecting company ip but more so anticipating the future revenue generated from rereleasing said old games (ie Nintendo)."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
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How does a medicine, like one to help quit smoking, develop into side effects like suicidal thoughts?
|
[
"Because it changes the chemical composition of your body, specifically your brain chemistry. Think of it like this: Medicine A works by causing your brain to produce lots of chemical A. Chemical A being present in your system helps to curb your desire to smoke, which is great. But chemical A does lots of things besides that... maybe it regulates your heart rate in some way, maybe it affects your mood, maybe it affects your memory. One of those many side effects could increase suicidal thoughts."
] |
[
"Schizophrenia is absolutely not similar to seizures. Most medications are approved for multiple conditions for example there is a drug used for urinary retention that is also used to treat hair loss. Usually drug manufacturers develop a drug to treat one condition but unintentionally discovers another use for them. As in the above mentioned drug the increased hair growth was a side effect of the medication. So now the FDA has approved of it being used for the two condition. Most of the time it has nothing to do with the disease but rather on the mechanism of action of the drug."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why does hot air seem difficult to breathe?
|
[
"Hot air is less dense than cold air so there is actually less oxygen present in it for your lungs to pass into your bloodstream"
] |
[
"Airflow. If you purse your lips like your about to kiss someone and blow air through, it's moving very quickly. As a result, it loses its heat more quickly as well. However, if you just open your mouth and exhale slowly, the warm air from your lungs doesn't cool down as quickly. Therefore it's warmer"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Physics:"
}
|
Can you please give me a couple sentences about each of the potential presidential candidates?
|
[
"I assume you mean the upcoming Finnish presidential election a month from now? Or are you referring to the six candidates for a nomination to be one of three or four candidates on a ballot nearly a year from now?"
] |
[
"Before I write stuff for this, can you maybe give a bit of background on how much you know about atomic orbitals themselves?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
If rotten smells (dead animals, rotting meat, etc) come from the bacteria that eat the rotting material, where do those bacteria come from and why can't we smell them all the time?
|
[
"Poop comes from our bodies but we don't smell like poop all the time. Those bacteria are **everywhere**, but we're not smelling the bacteria. We're smelling the things those bacteria give off when they eat. Of course, the bacteria are always eating and dividing, but we only pick up the smell when the bacteria find a huge treasure trove of food (like a rotting body) to eat and turn into other stuff like more bacteria (and the chemicals we smell)."
] |
[
"Food going bad is mostly the work of bacteria and fungus. They settle in and multiply rapidly. On bacteria makes 2 makes 4, 8, 16, 32 and so on. As bacteria and fungus (mold is fungus) grow they eat the fruit for energy and the fruit shrinks, shrivels, and get mushy as it's slowly eaten. The reason we put things in the fridge is because bacteria and fungus take a lot longer to grow when it's cold. They will multiply slower so your food is ok to eat for longer. You don't want to eat all these bacteria and fungi because they will upset your stomach. That's why you shouldn't eat spoiled food."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
When I charge my phone through the USB port on my computer, does it charge slower than it would through a wall charger?
|
[
"The answer is, alas, \"maybe\". If your PC was build before 2012, and your phone uses a 2A charger, then yes. Even if neither of these is true, then it still might be \"yes\". The USB standard for peripheral devices specifies that power consumption can't exceed 100mA without negotiating a higher transfer rate over the protocol. The USB charging port standard supported up to 7.5W (1500mA @ 5V). This standard was intended for when the port was used only for charging, and so generally wouldn't be used by a USB port on a computer. In 2012, the charging standard was enhanced to include a mechanism for negotiating power transfer of 10W (2000mA @ 5V). Theoretically, the standard also supports a 60W charging protocol, but the USB 2 connector is incapable of supporting this. If your device does power negotiation over the USB peripheral protocol, and the PC was built to support the new enhanced charging standard, then you might get 10W over the connector. Otherwise, your charging will be slower over PC USB."
] |
[
"You plug it in the laptop via a USB port, and in the mobile phone via a micro USB port. This means you use two different ports on the powerbank as well. This decides if you're charging the bank or the device."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why is water in drawings portrayed as blue even though most rivers and lakes do not look blue?
|
[
"Large bodies of water like rivers, lakes, and oceans really are blue. Pure water with nothing else in it is transparent. But large bodies of water are not remotely pure. (They may be clean and potable, but they're not \"pure\".) You know how a bottle of maple syrup looks dark brown, but a small drop of it looks very light brown, almost transparent? Large bodies of water are the same. Take a small cup of it and it looks transparent. But look at a large volume of it and you're seeing through millions of gallons of it, and the tiny tint to the water makes it overall appear a light, medium or even dark blue. The main reason water is blue is because some of the particles in water absorb red light, so what's left is blue. But some lakes are also colored by algae. Finally, while not a primary factor, reflecting the blue color of the sky is sometimes part of what contributes to water appearing blue."
] |
[
"Yes and no. Water is actually blue in large quantities, it is a subtle tint so it seems clear in small amounts but it is really extremely faintly blue. Water also has a partly reflective surface so that would reflect a red sky, but the water would still be blue if there is any blue light to see it by. Probably it would look much like the ocean at sunset."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Astronomy:"
}
|
What exactly is the difference between Arab and Persian?
|
[
"I mean, this is kind of like asking \"what's the difference between French and German?\" Well, a lot. Arabs speak Arabic, Persians speak Farsi Arabs are principally from modern day Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Qatar, UAE, Oman, Yemen, and Saudi Arabia while Persians come from modern day Iran. Persia existed as a unified polity before Islam and practiced, for the most part, a distinct, dominant faith (Zoroastrianism). There are countless tiny minutia that distinguish Arabic and Persian culture as well. I'm not familiar enough with either culture to really get into that kind of stuff though."
] |
[
"What do you mean by downfall? This is still a dominant part of current culture."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
When watching a game/fight how do they and who is in charge of switching from camera to camera for the best shot.
|
[
"The TV station has a crew of people back in a specialized trailer where they watch all of the cameras, prepare replays/graphics, etc. and there's a producer directing it all and making the final call as to what gets shown. He can be in constant communication with all his operators, cameramen, announcers, etc. making sure everyone's on the same page. [Here's an interesting article](_URL_1_) about the producer for Sunday night Football on NBC, and it sort of gives you a glimpse of how it can work."
] |
[
"A lot of the time they only have a few spots planned out and they basically wing it the rest if the time . They go off of crowd reactions and a few other things when calling a match. Calling being one of the wrestlers (usually the most experienced) directing the flow and choosing what moves or sequences to do."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
What is "blue light" and why does filtering it on my phone help protect my eyes?
|
[
"The most important thing about filtering blue light from your electronic devices is that blue light keeps you awake at night. Light signals your body to stop the production of melatonin and destroy the melatonin in your body, and blue light is the most effective at causing this. Melatonin signals the rest of your body to sleep and gives you that sleepy feeling. Filtering out the blue from your phone screen and computer monitor helps prevent sleep disorders because it helps prevent those devices from falsely signaling your body to stop producing melatonin."
] |
[
"You know how staring at a phone or computer with no other lights on makes you tired? This can be caused by the amount of blue light emitted from the device. This blue light can cause eyestrain and blurred vision if there is prolonged exposure. Yellow-tinted gaming glasses function in a similar way brown/yellow-tinted sunglasses work: they reduce the amount of blue light entering your eyes while dimming your vision as little as possible. This provides a slight advantage to turning down the brightness of your computer or wearing darkened shades, as it can obscure information on your screen."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why is the tenth month called October? Did it used to be the eighth of something?
|
[
"Yep. In the Roman calendar, the year started in spring -- that is, with March. They had ten months, and then just said \"aw, fuck winter, it's not worth months.\" That didn't last, so two more months were added at the end of the (Roman) year -- January and February."
] |
[
"Julius Caesar made it so. Previously it had been the spring equinox, but he decided it should be the winter solstice instead. But he also thought it made more sense for the the year to begin at the start of a month, rather than in the middle of one, so January 1st was closest. This move is also why October and November are now oddly named (they're no longer the 8th and 9th months)."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
why do root beer floats foam when you put the soda on the ice cream?
|
[
"The ice cream has a very rough surface and is cold. The level of dissolved carbon dioxide in the soda is a function of temperature; the colder the liquid, the less carbon dioxide it can hold. The cold temperature of the ice cream causes the soda to cool, forcing carbon dioxide to come out of solution and form bubbles. However, the carbon dioxide needs a place to start forming a bubble. The rough surface of the ice cream serves as points for the bubbles to start forming (these are known as condensation nuclei). When that many bubbles form in a liquid, it takes on a frothy, foamy texture/appearance; hence, root beer floats are foamy."
] |
[
"To make it simple its sugar banana. Source I worked in a small ice cream shop and had to make a bubblegum flavored ice cream. We bought the bubblegum concentrate flavor. Banana extract and simple syrup (sugar) were the main ingredients of the concentrate."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How did a piece of leather sharpen an olde timey razor when leather is softer than steel?
|
[
"The purpose of the leather isn't to \"sharpen\" it's to \"hone\". In the first stage of getting dull the tip of the razor will bend. The leather strop is used to 'push' the tip back into the right alignment without removing any material. This process is called \"honing\", you should do it a lot, which is why you don't acutally want to use something hard that will remove material (you'd actually wear out the knife from loss of material). If the knife becomes very dull then you start to do actual damage to the edge, and then you need to remove material to make a new edge. That process is called \"sharpening\"."
] |
[
"It's mostly not about wearing the metal away, it's about bending the sharp edge. Aluminium is harder than a tomato too, but you wouldn't get far cutting one with the edge of a piece of foil."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
When a gun is fired in fully automatic mode, is the recoil pattern predictable or random?
|
[
"I've fired exactly two automatic rifles in my life, I was young and didn't know the type of one, the other was some hands on historical thing and I was allowed to shoot a tommy gun filled with blanks down range, but it was pretty \"predictable\" both times, every shot gives recoil, so as long as the shots are consistent, the recoil will be. Unless, however, you mean travel caused by recoil. In which case that completely depends on your ability to control the weapon, the amount of recoil can definitely make a difference, but generally if you know how to handle it you can control it to a surprising degree. Though you'll always have travel with automatic rifles."
] |
[
"I could be wrong on this, but the bolt action rifle would minimize extraneous movement that might alter the trajectory of the bullet. Remember that even small fractions of a degree might be the difference between a hit and a miss, so it's important to keep everything as still as possible. In a semi-automatic mechanism, the movement of the gun as it works to reload a bullet may very well knock your shot off far enough that it would cause a problem. Nothing moves in a bolt action mechanism until you're reloading. Edit: the bullet has a trajectory, not the gun. Edited for the proper noun."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
What gives art its value?
|
[
"Quality, story associated with the work, notoriety of the work and the artist. Hitlers art was worthless, so he killed a couple people and tried taking over the world and boom his art becomes valuable. The Mona Lisa wasn't worth shit. It gets stolen and recovered and boom it is valuable. Also a lot of the value is subjective. I was on a cruise and there was a contest for a Picasso. The huy asked me the price of the painting. If I was right I would win it. I told him $3. He looked at me like I was nuts. He said it was worth over 10K. I said I'd give him $3. I think that piece of shit is still sailing around on that boat."
] |
[
"Surrealness for the sake of surrealness. What are you confused about?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What do doctors do with unnecessary body parts like an appendix?
|
[
"Biohazard waste (removed body parts and those disposable tools that come in contact with your blood, for instance) are destroyed in a way that is designed to make sure that no living cells could remain, such as dissolving in chemicals or burning to ash in an incinerator. I would like to point out that body parts that are removed are not necessarily unnecessary- even the appendix, the archetypical useless organ, is currently thought to provide some function (providing a safe store of positive bacteria to re-populate the intestines after something like diarrhea flushes them out)"
] |
[
"Some vas deferens tubes have grown back over time, resulting in fertility and unexpected births. This according to my urologist when I was snipped. Better wrap that thing up, boys!"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
How come we can increase our muscle mass but not our bone density?
|
[
"We can increase our bone density. If it happens too much, it would result in osteopetrosis. Nutrition affects the bone density as well as other factors. Calcium helps bones grow stronger, which means denser."
] |
[
"Losing weight is easy by not eating. But you will feel weak from lack of nutrition and you may still not have a good body composition. Working out and eating well you will feel energised and strong and will end up with a healthy body composition. Body composition is how much fat and muscle you have in your body. You may maintain the same weight your whole life but if you never workout your body composition will change as your muscle atrophy with age. Working out will help maintain your body, your mind and strength so you will still be able to tie your own shoes when you're 80."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
As Christmas is around the corner, can someone please explain why Jehovah's Witnesses don't celebrate it?
|
[
"Jehovah's Witnesses don't celebrate Christmas because of a few reasons: Jesus commanded to commemorate his death and not his birth. Early apostles and disciples didn't celebrate Christmas. There is no proof Jesus was born on December 25th. They believe Christmas isn't approved by God as it is rooted in pagan customs. That last point is fairly true. Christians basically appropriated pagan customs and put a thin veneer of Christianity over preexisting festivals. The Yule Log is for the deity Yule of course, and offerings of milk and cookies to Santa are extremely similar to offerings to hearth gods; don't you think it is weird Santa comes down chimneys? Christmas basically is unrelated to Christ other than an example of Christianity's forceful extermination of rival religious and cultural traditions."
] |
[
"At this point? Tradition. Christmas is December 25th. People would flip their shit if it wasn't."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How did dinosaurs become oil?
|
[
"They didn't. It comes from small marine animals and other life that lived before the dinosaurs. When they decomposed mostly carbon and hydrogen was left over, as the oxygen was removed over time the left over remains were covered by layers of sediment. As they got deeper in he earth, around 3048 metres, or 10,000 feet, pressure and heat turned the materials to the hydrocarbons that create crude oil and gases. The amount of pressure determines which type of hydrocarbons are produced. It's bad for the earth because when they are burned, they create gases that go up into the atmosphere and stay there. Too much of them causes the heat from the sun to be magnified."
] |
[
"A better question would be: \"Why are birds so much smaller than their ancestors, the dinosaurs?\" ;-)"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about biology:"
}
|
As I repeat a task, I get better and better at performing it. However, with enough repetitions, I'll suddenly lose the ability to perform well for a brief period of time. What is this phenomenon and why does it happen?
|
[
"As a musician, my own 2 cents is that becoming tired has a lot to do with it. Take learning a new song, for instance. When I first start out, I suck. Then I practice and get a little better. Practice a lot, and I get pretty good. But there is definitely a point where practicing too much does the opposite. I become fatigued, over-think it, get sloppy. Then, if I leave it alone for a while, I can play it very well when I start fresh. Too much learning or practicing isn't necessarily a good thing. Perhaps. But then, I'm a musician, so I'm probably high."
] |
[
"The brain actually has a very large portion dedicated to deciding exactly what we remember, and exactly what we do not. Our brains simply are not powerful enough to remember everything in detail all the time without long term consequences. We see and hear a lot, but it is only a faction that makes it into our short term memory, and even less still that eventually becomes long term memory. After a few hours you won't remember every word of this, but you might remember the gist of it. If the answer does not engage you enough, then you may not remember it at all after a few days."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Education:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Education:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Cognitive psychology:"
}
|
3D Printers. How do they work? What's used for "ink?"
|
[
"They do work. It's kinda like a really precise hot glue gun. They use plastic that's melted down and then put in the shape that a computer tells it."
] |
[
"What are you using it for? Where are you located?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Why are there no international laws prohibiting excessive forms of capital punishment (stoning, crucifixion)
|
[
"Because countries have to agree to it just like war laws and the Geneva convention. Why would a country that stones people to death agree to a law that says not to do so?"
] |
[
"Singapore is very authoritarian and treats crime extremely harshly. Corporal punishment (caning) for minor infractions is not uncommon, and the death penalty is regularly applied, even for nonviolent crimes like drug trafficking."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
What happens to your vocal cords when you sing falsetto?
|
[
"It's simplest to just show an animation: [Here's your vocal cords singing normally](_URL_1_) [Here's your vocal cords singing falsetto](_URL_0_)"
] |
[
"After sleep, your vocal chords are relaxed. This makes your voice deeper. Think of a guitar, if you loosen the strings the pitch becomes lower. It's kind of the same thing with your vocal chords."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Health and Wellness:"
}
|
How do banks know if a check has already been deposited?
|
[
"The bank won't know when you're making the deposit but as soon as they send the check information over to the bank that issued the check, it's going to come out that somebody's cheating the system. This seldom goes well for the cheater. It's illegal and you will get caught."
] |
[
"\"Pay to the order of\" (FTFY) indicates who the money is being given to (i.e. you). If you write \"For Deposit Only\" on the back of the check when you endorse (sign) it, that indicates that the check can only be deposited into your bank account, and not cashed or given to someone else. You can give a check made out to you to someone else if you endorse it. At that point it's pretty much treated like cash."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
How do scientists know that they've found 90% of near earth asteroids?
|
[
"This is an estimate based on the number, density, and size distribution of the observable objects. Given that they have found X number of asteroids of different sizes, and that there are so many within a certain area of space, and that number is much less in other areas of space, they can estimate about how many they think might be yet unobserved. Edit : sorry, jut read second question - by tracking an objects speed and direction, they can math out about where it's path will take it, and check that against our own location."
] |
[
"It is all about the size. With current technology and resources, astronomers can detect nearly all meteors that could potentially get close to earth larger than 100 meters. If it is smaller than 100 meters, like the one on michingan (around 2 meters) we have neither the technology nor the resources to see every single of those objects."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How can multiple people watch the same online video at once?
|
[
"While the video is being played back it's read into a server computer's memory chips temporarily. From there it can easily be read many times per second to serve multiple users. If huge numbers are playing it, multiple servers are used."
] |
[
"I believe they limit the number of devices on which you can have simultaneous streams running."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do printers STILL suck?
|
[
"Printers are the interaction between the digital world and the physical world. Sometimes the physical world of ink and paper doesn't work and you have to intervene. Usually more expensive printers ($150+) work very nicely and have no problems with jams and wifi. On that note about ink however, that's just the companies trying to get more money out of you."
] |
[
"Printer companies make money selling ink. They need you to buy more ink from them. That means changing things so that ink cartridges from old printers don't work in new printers, because they've added DRM and/or expiration date technology to the processor chips in the ink cartridge. The new numbers are just so you know what to buy. TL;DR: They could make them the same, but then they would make **much less profit**, so that's not going to happen."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How do phones and cell-towers deal with the Doppler effect?
|
[
"It doesn't matter The Radio waves are moving at 3x10^8 m/s, thats 300,000,000 m/s. If you travel towards a cell tower at Mach 10 you'll be moving 3,430 m/s and change the wavelength by 3,430/300,000,000 or 0.0011%. You're not traveling anywhere close to Mach 10 so the impact is truly insignificant"
] |
[
"Wifi works in the airwaves and many things can contribute to the signal strength at any given time. This is called interference. They are broken down into three broad categories: Physical Interference, \"Hidden\" Physical Interference, and Electromagnetic Interference. Physical Interference are basically physical structures causing the signal to break. Even though signals are invisible, a proverbial \"line-of-sight\" is still needed. \"Hidden\" Physical Interference is kind of like things that you can't see like lead based paint on a wall, or wiring inside the walls. These things you can't actually see but have an effect on the signal. Electromagnetic Interference are things like other electrical equipment being used in the vicinity (like maybe someone turned on the microwave). There are loads more types of electromagnetic interference examples as well, like phase shifting, or someone using another device on a frequency that is too close to yours. tl;dr: Interference, it's everywhere."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
The difference between deductive reasoning and making inferences?
|
[
"Nothing. Deductive logic involves starting with a set of premises/axioms/assumptions and then, using logical *rules of inference* deriving a conclusion from those starting points such that, if those premises are true, the conclusion is necessarily true."
] |
[
"To really put it ELI5: Empiricism means to draw conclusions based on observations from the real world, so it's pretty objective. Rationalism focuses on the mind and inner thought processes, so you draw conclusions based on what _you think_ happens. Thus, it's not really objective. As always truth is somewhere in the middle, a scientists observes a pattern, tries to guess why this pattern occurs and then checks this thought via experiments ."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
Why does the shower change temperatures if you flush the toilet while the shower is running?
|
[
"Because the temperature of your water is set by mixing hot water and cold water. The toilate and shower often share the same source of cold water, flushing the toilet means there's less cold water available to the shower. So the nice mix that you had so carefully created, is all of a sudden has way to little cold in it, so the resulting product is way to hot."
] |
[
"Because the water that would normally go into the bowl from the tank/reservoir has nowhere to go. Same thing that would happen if you clogged your kitchen sink and turned on the faucet."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Would creating a matrix disprove the theory that we could be living in one?
|
[
"If anything it would add more credibility to the theory, as it proves that a lifelike universe is possible. And no, the new matrix citizens can create a simulation of their own matrix. Surely it won't be an exact simulation of their own universe, but neither can ours be (as that would require the computer simulating itself). Computationally, it's no harder to simulate the atomic movement of a bunch of rocks than to simulate the movements of a computer. At the atomic scale, the distinction kind-off disappears."
] |
[
"There are three scenarios that could unfold for humanity: * A) We die before developing very advanced technology. * B) We live enough to develop very advanced technology, but creating a computer simulation of an entire universe is impossible. * C) We actually simulate an entire universe in the future. If option C is true, that universe could develop sentient life, as our own. If that happens, we have no better chance than our 'sims' of not being in a simulation, therefore, it is exceedingly likely that we are in a simulation. Edit: Formatting."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
Is it true that going to the hospital for major problems in the US is expensive as hell? Why?
|
[
"Health care in the US is a business, and not a basic right, so it tries to make as much money as it can."
] |
[
"The same as every country. Too many people, not enough doctors. You run into the same thing in most American cities."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
What makes a great conductor great? and conversely what sets them apart from a random high school band teacher?
|
[
"A good conductor synthesizes and provides an immense amount of information at any given moment. Clear cutoffs, attention to musical expression, balance...the list goes on in other posts. A GREAT conductor not only provides the mechanics that the ensemble needs to function, but provides leadership. A great conductor empowers their ensemble emotionally and musically. They need to be a total technician in regards to their conducting, but it has to serve an artisitic end. Otherwise...it's just noise!"
] |
[
"It's not that they just watch movies and get paid for writing about them. Most come from the industry, are familiar with the director's style - and generally have greater insight into the artistic aspect of film, and are more aware of the subtleties in film making. It's like the difference between a musician analyzing a piece of music vs. your average justin bieber fan."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why does poop, urine, sweat, etc. smell bad?
|
[
"Many animals have evolved to not like the smell of poop because poop is not nutritious and is full of bacteria. The animals who didn't think poop smelled bad probably died from the bacteria. The animals who developed by mutation receptors in their noses that recognized toxins in poop avoided the poop and lived. These animals had more offspring and thereby passed these receptors onto their offspring."
] |
[
"Well, if your urine smells sweet, you might want to go to a doctor. This could be a sign that your bloodstream has too much glucose (possible side effect of diabetes). See a doctor if you your urine smells sweet and your breath smells like nail polish (caused from keto-acidosis, another side effect of diabetes). Your urine is concentrated 4x the solute concentration of the bloodstream. Some wastes your body excretes smell bad, and some of those wastes end up in the urine. Depending on how much water you tend to drink, your urine can be salty, acidic, and might contain some water soluble vitamins and minerals. If your urine has a strong odor, it is probably best to talk to your doctor at your next check up."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
It is generally common knowledge that psychics are scams, my question is how do they still make enough money to keep their business going?
|
[
"(1) Not everyone accepts the idea that they're scams. (2) Even some people who accept that they're scams find it fun."
] |
[
"If somebody actually knows of a way to get rich quick, do you think they would share it with you? Share it in such a way as to make clear they are trying to make money? There are a multitude of scams from people claiming to know how to get rich quick, but the thing is that they never actually seems to be using those schemes themselves, they try to get others to use them and somehow they always end up profiting in some way from convincing others. I know that this is the sort of thing one might want to believe in, but ask yourself, if it was true why would they do what they do? Do their excuses make really sense? What would you do if you were in their place?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Why does a sniper need a spotter, when both of them are using scopes to look at the target? And how does the spotter know the wind speed if there are no moving objects like trees or a flag?
|
[
"They're both using devices that give them that information. A spotter is used because while a sniper is certainly capable of gathering all that information and calculating it, having someone to feed him/her numbers speeds up the calculation of a long shot significantly. That's especially important if lives are contingent on the sniper taking down a target quickly. As for wind speed, etc., an electronic anemometer has been available for almost 2 decades now. A spotter gets to position this and other devices and convey the data to the sniper in a single package. And the spotter isn't in the same place, so assuming good communication, you have a much wider \"field of vision\" based on the spotter's reports. Wind speed, direction, presence of glass, movement, possible civilians nearby, etc. are all concerns for a sniper. A spotter alleviates many of those concerns and allows the sniper to focus on accuracy."
] |
[
"The fixed sights (little steel knobs) on a pistol assume you'll be shooting at the pistol's effective range, which is pretty close by. The steel sights on rifles are adjustable. You can move them slightly to range in on a target. Effectively you're adjusting the sights so they'll align with the target at the range you intend to shoot at. Have you ever seen a sniper in a movie raise his hand to his scope to adjust some knobs? The crosshairs in a sniper's scope are completely adjustable to take bullet displacement due to crosswind and gravity into account. This is also why snipers work in teams with a spotter. The spotter feeds the shooter data about distance, wind speed, wind direction and so on so the sniper can adjust the crosshairs in his scope. For some of the most long range sniper kills, the sniper had to aim over 6 feet above his target in order to compensate for the amount gravity would make the bullet drop over that distance."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Why there is so much hate to Comcast?
|
[
"They have a near monopoly position on an 'essential' service. Their 'near-monopoly' is due to the way the US telecom/internet industry is structured. They lobby to keep it that way. They also abuse their position to maximize profits at the cost of customer well-being/satisfaction. This works because (a lot/most) customers really have no where else to go and require the service to 'function' in modern society."
] |
[
"The amount of American hate / bashing on Reddit is amazing."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
What would happen if, the moment you were arrested for a serious crime, you refused to talk, forever.
|
[
"You never need to talk, you will be put on trial, the evidence presented and a verdict reached. Though its possible the judge and your lawyers may get pretty fucking pissed at you for refusing to acknowledge the court and authorities asking basic questions like \"do you understand the charges\" and may declare you unfit for trial or reach some type of plea agreement, probably not in your favor. You never have to discuss the case, but completely refusing to acknowledge anything or sign anything is pretty much a fuck you to the court and they will hold you in contempt and put you in jail or a mental facility until you are willing to comply with basic instructions of being on trial."
] |
[
"They ask you to identify yourself. If you refuse, they arrest you, and if you lie, you've commuted a crime. So most people just tell them the truth."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
In the US, why are alcoholic beverages not required to have the same nutrition fact labeling as other foods and beverages?
|
[
"Food is under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which does the nutrition labels. Alcohol is under the Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF), which does not have a labeling standard."
] |
[
"Cigarettes aren't food, and thus are exempt from needing to print an ingredient list."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Why are some of my dino nuggets ice cold and the others lava hot, even when I place them in a circle?
|
[
"A microwave produces [standing microwave waves](_URL_0_) inside it to vibrate certain molecules in food to heat it up. The issue is that the wavelength of the microwave is about 12 cm long. Due to the nature of the standing wave, this means that there are spots where the waves cancel out every 6 cm (nodes). The cold nuggets are sitting in these nodes so they don't get heated. This is why the turntable in a microwave is very important to rotated the nuggets around so they are evenly heated."
] |
[
"It has to do with what's around them while they freeze. Try this experiment. Place two trays next to each other on a shelf. The ice will pop out of both trays just fine. For the next batch place the trays on top of each other. The top tray's ice will come out just fine while the bottom tray's ice will stick and crumble. I'm pretty sure it has to do with how quickly and evenly the water freezes. TLDR: Put your ice cube trays next to each other, not on top of each other while freezing for perfect ice."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
why is it that when food is too hot to touch it doesn't necessarily burn your mouth when eating?
|
[
"Because the inside of your mouth is already around 37C and coated in slimy film, where as your hands are dry and have a surface temperature relative to the air temperature. If you dipped your hands in say..slime, they could also pick up hotter objects. Your hands and other sensory organs are wired to tell you \"this hot, painful\" as a protective method, and it may be that hot food your holding wouldn't actually burn you."
] |
[
"Perspective. You're used to eating food that is supposed to be warm, warm. If it's not, you think \"not warm\" = cold. When the water isn't ice cold, you only notice what's lacking, so you think warm."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Language and culture:"
}
|
Why do people instantly grab/press a body part which just got hit/injured?
|
[
"I would assume people do this to prevent further damage to that body part. For example, if you are in a fight with someone and they punch you in the left arm, you would cover it to try to block more damage from happening. It could also be for applying pressure on a wound to lessen the bleeding."
] |
[
"It seems like the pain looks like its being alleviated because you are somehow distracted than the actual trauma itself(biting on a cloth, squeezing someone's hand). It also helps not looking at the trauma. One thing though when waking up with a muscle cramp, streaching that part of the body seems to fix it, by pushing through the pain."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
}
|
Why are some websites updated with "© 2016" at the bottom while others may say "© 2012" or whatever year, when clearly they're still copyrighted?
|
[
"The copyright date establishes the beginning of the copyright (this is very simplified, but go with it). If I write something in 2012 and never change it, it stays with that copyright and it will eventually come out into public domain. If I continue to update the same site or information, the copyright updates as well and pushes back the date when I (or more specifically my estate) loses copyright."
] |
[
"A permalink is a link guaranteed to point to a certain piece of content forever (or at least as long as the website in maintained). This is generally used to distinguish from links to pages that change all the time, and may have a different piece of content on them in a couple days. For example, I can link you to the latest xkcd comic by linking you to the front page (_URL_0_), or by giving you the permanent link (_URL_0_1770/). Today, both links will show you the correct comic. However in a couple days, the comic on the front page will change, and only the permalink will have the correct comic on it that I wanted to show you originally."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
Where does the battery "juice" (or charge) in my laptop, phone, etc. go when it runs out?
|
[
"It is converted into kinetic energy used to spin your hard drive, heat from the various components in your computer operating, light from your monitor and from the various indicator lights on your laptop and the various laser reading heads on different devices you may have, magnetic fields as you write new data to your computer hard drive, radio waves as you use wireless, and many other things."
] |
[
"The battery holds charge like any other battery, it just lasts a long time because it uses so little electricity. You can open your key fob and change the battery if it runs out."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
Why do businesses seem to be stingy with ten-dollar bills?
|
[
"Often they have few if any to give. The thing is, fives are more versatile since they can break tens or twenties, but tens can only break twenties or higher. Higher than twenties the next up is fifty or a hundred, so youre better off breaking with twenties and fives (2 20s and 2 5s = 50. 5 20s = 100). Considering most bills arent going to need flat fifty as change, but say, 47.73 or so (who the fuck buys a large mocha with a 50? Assholes, thats who), stocking tens doesnt really make sense. When the registers are stocked after drawers are counted, those are the bills they get. Most or all tens they get came from customers,."
] |
[
"Not all businesses operate on razor thin margins. Many tell their workers to take home minimum wage while they take huge amounts of money to their preferred tax shelter. Minimum wage laws only hurt businesses that could be just as easily hurt in other ways (economic downturn, increased supplier prices, etc)."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
What happens to the animals killed during crop harvesting?
|
[
"A farmer friend of mine said, yes they do occassionally clog up the works (bigger animals) but for the most part they end up in the harvester, and caught by various filters, and by the sorting devices later. Larger animals, once freed (they are obv dead), are often tossed off to the side for the predators/scavengers. Animals around farms are often smart, and a 'pecking order' is visible while driving. The combine scares the mice from the swath, the eagles/falcons swoop down for the mice, the cyotes run out to catch the birds once they land OR hunt for the nests these birds have near by. Apparantly the crows will mess with the other animals - they wait for the eagles to do the heavy lifting and catch the mice, then the crows attack the eagles making them drop it."
] |
[
"If farmers use it while tending crops, it might get rid of insects but then what happens when they get the munchies?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Why is disinfecting wounds painful?
|
[
"There's two main reasons. First, the wound is sensitive, as that part of the body has been damaged and is screaming at your brain to start taking damage control steps. Putting anything in an open wound is going to hurt some. Second, the things we use to disinfect typically do that by killing biological material, which will include the cells around and in your wound. So basically you're quarantining and nuking the area to make sure the infection doesn't spread. The basic part of your brain that handles pain doesn't understand that, or the reasons for disinfection, it just sees more damage to an already damaged part of the body, and registers it as pain."
] |
[
"You might be breathing through your mouth leading to it being dry. A humidifier might help by keeping the air more moist while you breathe. Have you spoken to your doctor or dentist about your perpetual dry mouth? If OTC treatments aren't helping, it's time to see one of your medical practitioners."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Why not sue the FDA when a product hurts someone? Why is it that the company that made the product is the one to be blamed when they assumed everything was all good and well after approval by the FDA?
|
[
"Oftentimes, the FDA was also a victim of fraud, specifically of fraudulent submission of bad safety research. Why blame the FDA when the company is 100% at fault?"
] |
[
"It entirely depends upon whether that particular substance has been put through the rigorous multi-year testing required by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to prove that said substance does actually help or cure the condition the company claims it does (and won't kill anybody in the process). That process is Hella fucking expensive, and if a company can avoid it, it does, because prefer to make as much dough as possible, without being bothered by pesky things like prosecution for wrongful deaths. So if a company sells a substance (like Echinacea or St Johns Wort) as a supplement, they ain't gotta do any testing. This doesn't save them from prosecution if people die, though. And if enough people complain, the FDA will get 'em on false advertising anyway (As is currently happening with the weight loss product Garcinia Cambogia)"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
How did (western?) musicians decide upon 7 musical notes?
|
[
"I don't have enough knowledge to go into detail, but I do know that the 7 note scale is not universal. Middle eastern music is based on a completely different scale that has more notes, and far eastern music is based on a 5 note scale. So, yes, it's completely possible! The first paragraph here notes all sorts of different styles which are based on a 5-note scale: _URL_2_"
] |
[
"B sharp is C and likewise e sharp is f. The scale follows this pattern on every instrument. Look at a piano, notice how there's 7 white keys and 5 black in one octave? In Western music, there are 12 notes in a full scale. So in short, these notes exist, just not in the manner as other sharps and flats."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
Why most high caliber Sniper rifles are shown as having low capacity magazines?
|
[
"Because if you had a 30 round magazine of 50bmg, it would be 2 ft long, weigh 10 pounds."
] |
[
"They use the right tool for the right situation. Regular infantry would use a semi-auto rifle, such as an m4, m16, m249. Snipers might use a bolt-action because it doesn't have moving parts when being fired. That helps improve accuracy. Occasionally there are situations where they might use a pump action shotgun as well."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
How are exchange rates decided? Who decides the actual numeric value of one currency in another?
|
[
"In the modern economy, most exchange rates are determined essentially by supply and demand. For example, if you are American you are paid in dollars, but need Euros to buy goods produced in Germany. When you want to buy a German good, you are \"demanding\" Euros and \"supplying\" dollars so the value of Euros increases relative to dollars. Governments and central banks can affect the value of their currencies through monetary policy but it's all based on this principle."
] |
[
"Allowing a currency to \"float\" is to allow the exchange rate of the currency to change depending on the currency exchange market. People can buy and sell at different prices so the demand for the currency will determine the rate at which it is exchanged. This is in contrast to a \"fixed\" currency which has a value tied to that of another currency or even something like gold."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
Cold temperatures wake us up while hot make us tired, is this purely a matter of comfortability or is there something happening to our bodies?
|
[
"[There was a study done](_URL_0_) and it says the optimal sleep temperature is between 60-68 degrees farenheit. Too warm or too cold and you can become restless. It's interesting that warm temperatures make you tired, the opposite rings true for myself."
] |
[
"Your not really asleep. It's more of a loss of consciousness then the regular cycle you go through at night. While we have a decent idea of how anesthesia works the specifics are still a bit of a mystery. Partly this has to do with our lack of understanding on the mind in general."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
}
|
What do they mean when they say the mass of the atmosphere of Pluto has decreased by a factor of 2 in two years?
|
[
"Uhhhh, Pluto is heading into it's hundred year 'winter' season. The atmosphere is freezing to the planet as ice. It's a 'dwarf' planet equivalent of a comet (sorta). Everyone saying it's lack of gravity is missing the fact that that process takes eons, not two years."
] |
[
"Well, if it moved at a constant rate of 1.6 inches per year, after 4.2 billion years, it would have moved about 106,000 miles. It's current distance from the earth is about 240,000 miles, so 4.2 billion years ago it would have been about 130,000 miles away. As it happens, the rate at which it's drifting away is actually slowing down, so it was probably closer than that."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
why wired data transfer is faster than wireless.
|
[
"I think it's mostly because wireless transfer is more prone to interference - it's very difficult to corrupt data that's being sent over a wire, but it's very easy to corrupt it (even unintentionally) if it's sent through the air. Particularly if there's any sort of obstacle between the transmitter and the receiver. Sure, any computer worth its salt can detect errors like that and send a \"data was corrupted, please resend\" message, but that takes time. So it'll take longer to move your data. As you put it, \"you can move more data across a cable than you can through the air\"."
] |
[
"Because your laptop is probably euipped with an better wireless card, that will give you further range and faster speeds than a simple Ipad."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
If you were sucked out of a spaceship, how would you die and how long would it take? Would it be the cold to kill you first, the lack of oxygen, or the lack of pressure?
|
[
"Lack of oxygen would do you in long before anything else. The pressure differential would cause a lot of pain, but wouldn't be immediately fatal, and the cold would take hours to do any real damage."
] |
[
"Without gravity at all, you would certainly have a shorter life span, if only because the deterioration your body would undergo. Without gravity you lose muscle tone, your bones would become brittle, the fluids in your body wouldn't pool in your lower extremities like normal. Not to mention experiencing the full force of cosmic background radiation in deep space, which our sun protects us from to a certain degree. If you survived the radiation sickness in your weakened state, then you would almost certainly die of cancer."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
}
|
Why are search boxes in many websites so seemingly innefective, while googling the same thing almost always gives me what I was looking for?
|
[
"Google has been optimizing their algorithm for a long time. It uses all of the past searches everyone has ever made using Google in order to learn what results people are most likely to click on, and then offers those results ahead of others. Because Google is popular, a lot of people have used it, and so they have a lot of example searches to learn from. Think about the other websites. How many people use them? How long have they been around? I bet they don't have as many previous searches to work with as Google...by a long shot. So they aren't going to have the same training data for machine learning, and their performance won't be comparable as a result."
] |
[
"Firstly, Other search engines had a lot more clutter with Ads, news articles, etc, and oftentimes you'd have to wait for 2-3 seconds just for the page to load (internet speeds were super slow compared to now). Google was just a blank white page with a single logo and a search bar, which meant that you didn't have to wait for all the other clutter to load, thus making google the fastest search engine to initially load. Secondly, the other search engines at the time didn't really find relevant results, because they ranked pages based on how many times your term showed up on the page. Whereas Google ranked them based on how many pages were linked to the page that also contains your search terms. Meaning, you got more popular pages with meaningful and relevant content."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Technology:"
}
|
Why are baby animals so cute? Is there a genetic advantage to this?
|
[
"There is some belief that traits we identify with 'cuteness' are traits possessed by immature animals, and as such there's a protective/friendly hardwiring in the brain. The advantage would presumably be that immature animals are less capable of caring for themselves, and therefore those that are cared for by adults perform better. It may be that the traits we find cute are shared in a general fashion by other nonhuman animals, so we respond similarly to them. Interestingly, a noted phenomenon in domestication is that domestic animals tend to retain traits common to immature members of their ancestor populations, into adulthood."
] |
[
"It’s called cute aggression. Your brain becomes so overwhelmed by the cute that it intentionally balances you out with aggressive feelings. Makes me wonder if it’s possible to actually die from too much cute. Why else would such a response evolve?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
What is ASMR? Can anyone describe what it’s like?
|
[
"It stands for Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response. Basically, it's a physical/physiological reaction to certain sounds. These trigger a tingly sensation esp on the spine and head. It can also be used as a relaxation technique. Others have a sexual response to it. So it's kind of the reverse of nails on a chalkboard Sounds such as whispering, tapping, water running, and so forth can create a pleasurable physical reaction. I'm not sure of the chemical mechanism that causes this, but that's the easy answer."
] |
[
"There is another term as well for it called Frisson. I think ASMR is mostly about speaking and things like that, while Frisson is more linked to music. Sadly I don't know why though"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:"
}
|
how come all my friends' houses and clothes have a distinct, separate smell?
|
[
"Because every family has a different routine in regards to what they eat and what they shower with. Also, because they have different cleaning rituals and how often they actually clean. Some people clean everyday where others only clean on weekends and some, SOME, never really clean. different combinations of all these factors, and usually people who live in the same home share the same rituals and eating habits, thus will generally smell the same."
] |
[
"in all seriousness, maybe dogs don't like the smell of our breath."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
How is it I can spend 3 hours laying still in bed not sleeping, then doze off repeatedly in the middle of driving the next morning?
|
[
"Are you saying that you actually doze off while driving? *Repeatedly?* This is not normal and is a grave concern to me. I have never dozed off while driving. You should not be risking your life and that of other drivers that way. I'm frankly totally shocked. If something like that happened to me, I think I would see a doctor immediately."
] |
[
"How does this work in a fatigue type situation? I remember many times in Iraq when I was working a gate guard shift (15hrs on 9hrs off, 7 days a week) that I would be sitting in a machine gun tower wide awake and alert and then the next instant asleep for what seemed like an hour but was really only 1 or 2 minutes, then jolting awake and alert again."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Sleep and boredom:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Sleep and boredom:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Biology:"
}
|
How does a cars speedometer know not to increase when a cars tires are spinning?
|
[
"It does not know. It assumes the tires are in proper contact with the ground, and when they are not, it gives an incorrect reading. Future speedometers may be corrected using GPS, but that generally is not done today."
] |
[
"For the same reason you can't switch a car tire while the car is still driving. Removing it would cause the car to crash."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
}
|
why it takes so many years for a county like Iran to build a nuclear weapon when the technology has been around for over 60 years?
|
[
"There are certain resource hurdles involved in just acquiring the right materials. There are then just lots of technological hurdles involved in refining and enrichment. Countries like North Korea that have nukes but you wouldn't necessarily think of being advanced probably had substantial help from China."
] |
[
"Because that's how representative democracy has worked and it's how every major international trade agreement has been negotiated in the last 200 years."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
How do burning arrows stay lit after the immense acceleration they experience being shot from a bow?
|
[
"Depending on the fuel used, it can be almost comically challenging to put it out. If you've ever dealt with a gas fire, you'll know what I mean. I'd wager they were using coal-tar or peat or natural gas of some sort -- though I'm a little out of my depth here."
] |
[
"When you loose (fire) a bow with an arrow in it, all of the stored energy goes into the arrow, which is what makes it fly. If you dry loose it, there's no arrow, and nothing to absorb that energy, so it goes into the frame of the bow which can do serious structural damage."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
How is the US allowed to just raise tarrifs when laws that have minors effects on trade have to go all the way through the WTO?
|
[
"The premise of your question is mistaken. The European Union has initiated a WTO case against the US over these tariffs."
] |
[
"It's 5400 pages of coniving wrought out of public view. Lack of transparency is how things are done these days. I haven't read it, but as a fan of the constituion, separation of powers and so forth, I believe the treaty delegates power to make laws away from congress. Congress delegating it's power to make law is nothing new. Look if you can argue the consequences of an impotent congress, then you will understand why it is bad deal. I find a lot of well educated Reditors to be a fan of weak congress and a fan of the administrative state making laws, so they probably have no problem with some international administrator making the laws and regulations that we the people must follow. Taxation without representation Yada yada. But this is just my hunch based on hearsay. No links offered."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do we use the base 10 system, and what are its benefits over other mathematical systems?
|
[
"no benefit, other than a convenient correlation with the number of fingers. there are better systems that work better with the base 2 of computers and which have more easily divisable fractions. Base 16 would probably be an ideal candidate for both things."
] |
[
"> Or is it entirely feasible that we could've just as easily used, say, base 12 if we had 12 fingers? It is entirely possible that we could use any workable number of base units, and different civilizations have in the past used different bases. Base 20 or base 60 were some of the more common and influential ones."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Mathematics:"
}
|
how does hand sanitizer make your hands clean when you don't use anything to wipe the dirt off them?
|
[
"Hand sanitizer is not the same as hand *cleaner*. Its only function is to kill the micro-organisms on your hands. There are certain gels called hand cleaners that work like a pencil eraser though. Those ones do actually clean your hands by trapping dirt and then flaking away as you rub them together."
] |
[
"the majority of the time it is just because your hands are dry. Throughout the day, you hands naturally get some oils etc... on the surface that help you get a better grip things like paper. That's why you often see people lick their finger or thumb to turn a page on a book. Dry hands like this can be caused by things like taking a shower, washing your hands etc... Also the air is usually drier in the winter which doesn't help. To prevent this you could maybe just use some moisturizing hand lotion."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
If someone gets arrested but is later found innocent, why does their arrest and initial charge remain on the NCIC's database?
|
[
"if there is no record that it happened then the government might think they forgot to arrest you or something. if you are found innocent you can remove it from your publicly viewable record."
] |
[
"They finish serving their sentences for the crime they committed and their criminal offence stays on their record."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Informational:"
}
|
How is it so difficult for video game publishers to detect cheating on PC?
|
[
"The fundamental problem is that the user has physical control over their own PC and the only information the game manufacturer gets is whatever their PC sends. > Doesn't their code have digital signatures? Sure, and those can always be defeated someone with enough time and perseverance. Let's say the code is running on my PC. The first thing the code does is check to see if it's been modified, and refuse to run if its code doesn't match the signature. No problem, I just modify the code that detects whether it's been modified or not. The code uses the code's signature to encrypt all messages to the server? No problem, I just modify it so that there's another *unmodified* copy of the game installed and it encrypts messages using that signature instead. Basically any checks on the client side can be bypassed by a programmer who knows how to disassemble. It's only a matter of how long it will take or how tricky it will be."
] |
[
"It's much easier to release a game on PC, when all you need to do is post a link for people to download the game. On consoles, you need to go through an approval process by Sony/Microsoft to get your game released on disc or their online store, so only popular indie games with a high demand make it to consoles."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about gaming:"
}
|
why certain surgeries require months of recovery time
|
[
"Well, it really depends on the part of the body being operated on. Different types of cells in different areas of the body replicate and replace at different rates. A neuron, for example, can take as long as 7 years to replace itself (which is why brain damage is such a nasty injury). Shoulder muscles can take months to repair themselves. Surgeries are great. They can help speed up the process of repair, and correct for improper repair (such as in the case of broken bones), but they can't actually do the real repairing themselves. They just set all the pieces in place and help the body along in the repair process."
] |
[
"No offense, but your doctors there to field such questions. Your health matters, ask every question you can ask your doctor! It takes time to build up body levels of the active ingredients in your drugs."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do Japanese albums often contain bonus tracks not available elsewhere?
|
[
"There is complex and lengthy process to be allow to sell albums in Japan. This leads to the fact that most of the time, album are release in Japan later than in other country. To make sure people wait for the japanese release and don't just buy stuff abroad through internet, companies put exclusives bonus tracks in these releases"
] |
[
"It's usually a cover they can't afford the rights to, or something that doesn't fit in well with the rest of the album. The same is usually true for unlisted tracks."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
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