query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Did communism during USSR ever do any good, if not, why didn't it end sooner? | [
"It's not really true, early on in the USSR's history communism did a great deal. Most notably, it bridged the gap between the urban middle class and the rural population, who had only recently been emancipated from serfdom. It allowed Russia to rapidly industrialize and turned it into a superpower. Although the co... | [
"Why do you assume communism is bad? A lot of real world examples of communism have failed because of one person grabbing power. Many, more knowledgeable then me, argue this is not true communism."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is it that sometimes when you look at an analog clock, it seems to freeze briefly before continuing? | [
"When you move your eyes you should see a blur as they turn in their sockets. However, you don't. Why? Because your brain focuses on the image your eyes settle on, and retroactively fills in the blurred space with that new image. Normally, that's fine, the effects aren't really noticeable. However, on something wit... | [
"When you're occupied, you don't have time to either think about time, or indeed look at a clock. When bored, you think about time a lot - how long has passed? Is it two minutes yet? Then you look at your watch. Whilst you hope time has passed, and your glances seem to be long between, your perception is inaccurate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How is the southwestern part of the U.S. still hospitable after all the atomic devices tested there? | [
"They test them on military compounds in the middle of the desert. It was never habitated in the first place and all the poisoned areas are strictly off limits."
] | [
"Because they used to not be desolate places. Over the incredibly long period of time the it takes for oil to form the climate and conditions have changed massively in most of the world."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What causes that distortion in the air near hot surfaces? | [
"There are two things working together to make that happen. First, when air gets hot, it means the molecules are bouncing around faster. Because they're bouncing faster, they push each other away, and the gas expands and gets thinner (that is, there are fewer molecules in the same amount of space; we call this \"de... | [
"Not an expert, but it might have to do with touching the very tiny hair on the skin of your nose."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
The difference between beer, ale, lager, stout, draught etc.... | [
"In the most basic sense, there are two main types of beers: ales and lagers. Ales are top fermented whiles lagers are bottom fermented. A stout is a type of ale made with roasted malts. A draught beer is just beer from a keg. If you're looking for more information look at [this thread](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"All beer is made up of four things: * Water * Grain * Hops * Yeast Yeast eats sugar from the grain, converting it to alcohol and carbon dioxide (bubbles). Hops add bitter flavor & aroma to the beer and help preserve it. The choice of Grain, hops & yeast determine the variety of beer. If you use a lightly toasted b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When dating, why is age difference a big deal for teens/kids, but not for adults? | [
"Children and young adults are on a [diminishing returns](_URL_0_) scale of maturity. That means that there's a lot more difference in maturity between a 14 and 16 year old than there is between a 32 and 33 year old. Ideally, by the time you're in your mid-20's your both mature and smart enough to recognize when so... | [
"Because it matters more in a relationship. You want someone you are sexually attracted to and compatible with. Many women want a guy who is taller than them, so if you are 5' 10\" and like to wear heels, that will narrow your options. A 45-year-old man might still be looking to have children so that rules out 45-y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
how can so many different kinds of cheese be made starting from the same few ingredients and similar techniques? | [
"In many cases, the same few ingredients can be changed in quantity or be substituted for other similar ingredients. Furthermore, preparation methods, aging methods, and storage and packaging methods can drastically change the character, flavor and texture of the cheese, leading to different varieties. Other factor... | [
"You prefer less flavourful cheese. Some people like the sharp rich flavours of aged cheddar while some people think it's gross. Asian cooking has little to no cheese. The flavor components of cheese comes from the breakdown of enzymes and other ingredients such as the milk used. Bacteria is also introduced in some... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Euclidean vs non-Euclidean geometry with examples | [
"Euclidean geometry is the normal geometry you probably learned in school. It's all based on squares and takes place within a plane. Non-Euclidean geometry is literally anything else. One of the simpler non-Euclidean geometries is spherical geometry. Spherical geometry takes place on the surface of a sphere (duh). ... | [
"Here's a great and thorough, yet clear, explanation of every aspect of Euler's formula: _URL_0_ Further, here's a surprisingly simple explanation using little more than triangles and spirals (assuming you're familiar with complex numbers): _URL_1_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does an electric kettle make a lot of sound at first, which eventually dies off once the water starts to boil? | [
"Cavitation. Basically, the heating element heats the water just above it. This causes that water to boil, forming a little bubble of gas. This bubble immediately rises, encounters colder water, shrinks and collapses. The repeated forming and collapsing of the bubbles creates the noise. Once the liquid starts boili... | [
"Water boils at 212 degrees. The steam dissipates and takes the heat with it. It's difficult to get it hotter under normal conditions. There is a temperature sensor in the rice cooker that monitors the temp at the bottom of the cooker bowl and when it starts to rise that means the water is all/mostly boiled off and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If we can feel the sun so hot down here on Earth, why is it so cold in space? | [
"Space isn't cold, space just has nothing to stop radiant heat so temperature can change quickly. If there's no heat source, say you're in a show, you'll cool down very quickly in space. If you're not in a shadow though, the sun will make things get stupidly hot. The illuminated side of the moon is 121 degrees Cels... | [
"Mars is much more hospitable than Venus. Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system. Yes, the gravity is closer, but who cares what the gravity in Hell is like?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why, after looking into a bright light, are there those blochy things in your vision? | [
"The photoreceptors (the rods and cones of the eye) contain light sensitive molecules called photopigments. When a light particle hits one of the photopigment molecules, it breaks the molecule apart, and this causes a change in the electrical potential of the photoreceptor cell (which is how you see things). If you... | [
"But what happens when you look at the blue sky and see a similar pattern appear without having to rub your eyes?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Physiology:"
} |
Why when you look sideways at a moniter it looks like a picture negative? | [
"Nope, it's just LCD monitors. LCD stands for \"liquid crystal display\", because there is a layer of an electrically reactive liquid, enclosed in tiny little cells, over the top of the screen. When the liquid is activated, it turns dark, blocking out a pixel of color. As you move to the side, instead of looking st... | [
"Its a curved lense, so technically you can. Its just from one side you see an enlarged fish eye view, and on the other you see a focused tiny view, which cant really be made out to be anything."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Physics:"
} |
Why are females generally shorter than males? | [
"Evolution. Male humans had to fight other male humans to survive so they grew stronger and taller and bigger through natural selection. Females did the nurturing and child rearing and did not need height since they weren't out hunting food and killing rivals."
] | [
"Asian men are far less attractive to White women than Asian women are to White men."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is the global economy *not* a zero sum game? | [
"Robert does a great job explaining competitive (though not necessarily comparative) advantage, but I'll add this: an economic transaction between two willing parties is never a zero-sum game. Think about you buying a sandwich at a store. The store clearly is a winner here, because they bought the ingredients for ... | [
"> Can someone please explain to me what in the hell is going on here? What is going on is that the American healthcare system is a sad joke."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we only say "an" before the number 8 but for any other number, we say "a". For example, "an 18-year-old", "a 17-year-old", "a 91-year-old" | [
"Because eight/eighteen/eighty-eight begin with a vowel-sound, and therefore get an 'an'. While seventeen, ninety-one or five do not and therefore get an 'a'."
] | [
"who's - a contraction of \"who is\" - example: \"who's making that noise?\" whose - to show possesion - example: \"whose car is this?\" for who and whom, try answering your question with either \"he\" or \"him\"; if \"he\" fits, use \"who\", and if \"him\" fits, use \"whom\" - example: should you say \"who should ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If people are not satisfied with the U.S. government, why don't they vote for a third party? | [
"America uses FPTP voting, which inevitably results in only two parties. If you vote for a third party and the third party loses by a wide margin, your vote could have been better spent on the larger party that you dislike least. [CGP grey explains the problem really well](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Contact your representatives and tell them that you are against the bill. If they vote for it anyway take note and if your country elects your EU reps vote for someone else."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is the purpose of the sewn on loop on a seat belt? | [
"It has a few purposes: * It stops the buckle seat-belt from rattling against the side pillar. _If you take a closer look, you'll find that the driver's-side seat-belt does not have one, because they should always be buckled in._ * It stops the [buckle](_URL_0_) from sliding all the way down."
] | [
"They are used to cover up the buttons on your shirt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What’s up cold sores? Why do they blister without a burn? Why do they then morph into a scab that takes weeks to heal opposed to any other scab that might heal in days? | [
"Cold sores are the herpes virus ‘erupting’ from nerve endings. Unlike a cut that forms a scab, a cold sore blister is quite deep as it comes from deep in the layer of the skin. This is why it takes a while to heal."
] | [
"There's a certain point at which the scab is supposed to come of and your body makes it itchy so that you scratch it off. Why we often try and pick them off before that, I have no idea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do we wake up with morning face? | [
"When you're up and about and walking around, your heart has to work against gravity to pump blood up into your face. But when you have been laying horizontal in a bed for 8 or so hours it gives blood the opportunity to \"pool\" or \"settle\" in your face, resulting in puffiness. You'll get a more extreme example o... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why on maps and globes do they show Antarctica with ice caps but not the arctic? | [
"Basically, under ice cap of Antarctica there is land, and thus it is counted as a continent. Arctic consists of pure ice, without any land."
] | [
"Antartica is a continent covered by ice. So, no floating. (The north Pole does, though). In addition to that, there's also the thing that warming water expands."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If undocumented immigrants in the US aren't citizens but they still pay federal/state/local taxes, what keeps them from being deported? | [
"There are millions of illegals in this country and deporting them all would take a huge amount of time and resources. Plus, they would just be replaced by more illegals coming in. Governments are not infinitely powerful, and sometimes have to pick their battles. > Why can't a UI just \"apply\" for citizenship? Be... | [
"They don't. No illegal immigrant can have a Social Security Number, but they can get an ITIN number, which is Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). With this, they can file taxes. It's still illegal for them to be in the US, but they are still paying taxes, which many people who are against illegal al... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I spend a lot of time looking at computer and phone screens. What exactly is it doing to my eyes? | [
"Looking at a computer or phone requires concentration and attention. Your eyes need to focus on small print and details. This can fatigue the muscles in the eyes which makes them ache if you spend extended periods of time doing so. Also, you blink less often when focused which can cause dry eyes as well. And that'... | [
"I read somewhere that there was a study done in Japan that the more time school children spend away from sunlight the worse their vision is. I have had terrible eyes since I was a child, it started about the time that I started reading books a lot and staying inside. Since I heard of that study I have been more co... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there so many distinct accents within England? | [
"Same goes for the rest of Europe, lots of very distinct accents and dialects on a very small scale (EDIT: eg. from one mountain valley to the next). I think that in the former colonies the language just didn't have time to diversify that much, and now that we have nation-wide broadcasts of \"standardized\" languag... | [
"What's an America accent? Americans have different accents based on location with the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do so many people dislike NATO? | [
"Why do I feel like you asked a question but told everyone they can't disagree with you or something? Maybe it's just me. Also, this might not belong in this subreddit, I'm not going to start looking for sources for my opinions on an aggressive military coalition for a five year old."
] | [
"What's a Tory, and why do so many people seem to hate them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do police know if something has happened to a body post mortem? | [
"Bruising, bleeding, clotting, etc occurs differently to a living body than to a dead one, because bruising is dependent on blood flow to the area."
] | [
"Yes. It could be a crime scene, there is no statute of limitations on murder, so it would have to at least be looked at briefly. Aside from crimes it could be a historical landmark."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do so many bathrooms have their light switches outside of the room? | [
"Bathrooms have water pipes in them, and it's safer to keep switches and outlets away from water unless they (switches and outlets) are waterproof."
] | [
"I've seen them both ways. In general, doors that open to hallways are put in so they don't swing into the hallway. It's a safety issue; you don't want to hit someone. Having the entrance a push makes it easier for you to enter the bathroom without contaminating the door if you are going in to wash something off ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Question about public women's toilets:"
} |
Why do certain colors of lights have a second, differently colored ring around the source? | [
"Go get your eyes checked. You seem to be seeing refraction happening within your eyes. It could be from some minor deformity in the eye like the ones that cause near sightedness and far sightedness, to pressure in the optical nerve. So basically **please go to a doctor as soon as possible.** Source: had something ... | [
"When looking at a projection of a laser light, the sensing parts of your eyes will have a couple of overloaded sensors (which take a while to stop being overloaded), that is why it looks like they are leaving a trail. The visible light of a laser is a high-intensity point on a surface. Compared with that, the visi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Are we the first on our planet to cross "the finish line" as far as evolution? | [
"Well as you said the question doesn't really make sense because intelligence and self-awareness isn't a goal of evolution. Would other creatures become more intelligent and self-aware if not for us? Maybe. Maybe not. We found a niche and it works for us - if we never were it'd be an open niche for some other creat... | [
"The monolith is an evolution stone. Think of it like giving a thunderstone to Pikachu. Every time humanity manages to encounter it, we have levelled up to the point where we are ready to evolve. The first evolution was to use tools, leaving savagery behind. The next time was to become space dwellers, leaving the p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If the human body is only supposed to have about 25g of sugar a day, why do most flavored drinks exceed that? | [
"Or most processed foods.. It's an addiction thing. Your body loves sugar. More the better. So companies load up things with sugar and we all buy them."
] | [
"You need at least some Vitamin A and Vitamin C, and you won't get it without some vegetables. That aside, it is precisely because they have almost no calories that they're healthy. The biggest food risk for 1st worlders is overeating calories."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
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} |
A cup of water with an ice cube in it has the same water level before and after the ice melts; so why are scientists so sure that global warming will cause the sea levels to rise? | [
"The 'ice cubes' are sitting on land, not in the ocean."
] | [
"0 degrees is the freezing point of liquid water, but keep in mind that 0 degrees is also the melting point of ice. Without something else to take more heat away, the ice is going to be melting about as fast as the water is freezing, meaning the whole cup won’t freeze unless you take away more heat."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does brief lack of oxygen to the brain often feel good? | [
"Ok, this is only a guess (until other, more knowledgable people answer your question), but first to clarify: your vision fading after standing up too quickly is due to low blood pressure, not lack of air. I think perhaps much of the euphoric feeling is actually just adrenaline in response to your body being worrie... | [
"Why do you think they do go instantly unconscious? There is some evidence they might retain consciousness for at least a few moments. However they might quickly lose consciousness due to the sudden drop in blood pressure. Measuring this is obviously difficult."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about biology:"
} |
What about yellow makes it appear lighter than other colors? | [
"Our eyes are most sensitive to light in the yellow-green range (not-coincidentally the predominant wavelength given out by the sun). So in a manner of speaking, it's all in your (and my) head."
] | [
"It is a color that is easy to exclude from the set. Red, yellow or brown might exclude skin tones or hair."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
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} |
Why infrared thermometers measure a mirror's surface, and not the surface it is reflected on. | [
"I have a big, shiny aluminum pot and an infrared thermometer. The thermometer _always_ measures the _reflection_ of what's outside the pot, not the pot itself. Aluminum, and shiny metals, _will_ reflect infrared like a mirror, _but glass absorbs infrared_. It's opaque to it, like a blackboard to visible light. If ... | [
"It is actually made up of two mirrors, one that is more reflective than the other and the less reflective is the one found outside so every time you flip the switch below you change the angle of the more reflective mirror found inside which in turn would reflect less light to your eyes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
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} |
How/why is someone like Artem Vaulin, the founder of KickAss Torrents, held accountable for copyright infringement, if it's the USERS of the site that are breaking the law? | [
"The law isn't nearly that simple. Torrenting copyrighted content isn't the only thing that's illegal. To oversimplify everything as much as possible, the law also specifically makes what Artem Vaulin was doing illegal, at least according to the FBI and the prosecutors. So for a silly analogy, if I run an unlicense... | [
"Because the website doesn't hold the files themselves, it only holds a directory to find the torrents that are distributed across peoples computers around the world. Imagine Pirate Bay is a phone book. Even if the phone book is destroyed, the physical addresses still remain and can be found again by simply using a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the US have a Two Party System? Is it in the Constitution? | [
"The fate of all first past the post electoral systems is the eventuality of two party systems. With few exceptions, two main parties will dominate the political landscape given enough time. Here is a nice video describing the same: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Small Population, High Tax Rate, Reasonably Successful Companies and Economy, and a Socialist System. Socialism isn't bad, its expensive but it also takes care of you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
The U.S./Russian proxy war in Syria and all the major players. | [
"Russia wants ISIS gone. US wants ISIS gone. Russia wants assad to stay US wants him to go. Kurds want more territory for their own country Turkey doesn't want that. The stick of it all is Assad. The Kurd's and US and all of the western world want him gone. While Russia doesn't want that to happen as it ruins the s... | [
"The cynical answer is that Saudi Arabia is heavily involved in the Yemeni war, and as treasured US allies, it gets kept a bit more quiet. More likely, it is because there is much less (direct) American involved in the Yemeni civil war, while the US has played a more significant role in Syria."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
When zoomed out in pictures, why do buildings appear to have swirls? | [
"_URL_0_ it happens when a computer tries to represent fine patterns with repeating details. The camera is incorrectly capturing and reproducing the image; this is caused by the camera's lack of ability to capture fine enough detail."
] | [
"Basically, it's forced perspective. Because the bars that are placed in the GIF that are edited to make them appear as a reference at a fixed plane in space. When something crosses the plane, it appears as if it has come closer to you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
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Where do the erratic/random "Call of the Void" thoughts/urges come from? | [
"Since I don't think anyone is going to have a conclusive explanation for this, I personally think that they come out as a result of your brain thinking \"what if I just did this\" and then you think about what the consequences of it would be. It's just the fact that you become aware that you Could do it, and then ... | [
"Why do threads about planes disappearing keep disappearing?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
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} |
What exactly does meta mean? | [
"Yarr, ye forgot yer searchin' duties, for ['twas asked by those what came before ye!](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do names have meanings but these names aren’t words used in normal conversations? | [
"They're different languages (I believe Philip is Greek). Also words like hope and joy get name-ified, but they still get used in conversation."
] | [
"Same reason other words become archaic. Thou hardly see people use words such as, ought, aught, tis, or twas. With English being a living language, meanings will change over time as will what words are introduced and no longer used. This is why medical terms use Latin as a base, the meanings are fixed, therefore, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Legally speaking why is someone responsible for their decision to drive while blacked out but still able to claim rape of they willingly (ie perform oral or are on top) consent to sex while blacked out? | [
"Criminal law (student) here. Basically the matter of consent is one of capacity, and the mens rea required for it is triggered via 'recklessness' on behalf of the person who starts drinking. In theory, you need to prove they made a decision to drive under the influence (mens rea) but they would have the defence of... | [
"You can give consent all you want when you're drunk. What you can't do is accept the consent of a drunk person. We often say \"a drunk person can't given consent\", but this is really a way of informing the person who consent is being offered to that it's illegal to regard that as consent when the individual givin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does crab grass develop in random patches? | [
"Crabgrass seeds need the perfect germination conditions. Something that lets them open when the water and heat are just right. And that 'rightness' is when a patch of regular grass dies. Opening the area for it to shoot out and grow because regular grass isn't blocking the conditions. So it looks like random patch... | [
"They spend a lot of time rolling the ground, cutting the grass very short, and feeding/watering it. Some seasons the grass is cut twice per day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
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} |
why does it feel good when someone else massages us but not ourselves? | [
"Massages need to take place when you're relaxed. When your massage person does their work you're relaxed, you don't have to do anything while they work on your body. You can't easily massage your back or shoulders (where people usually massage) with ease or without contorting yourself and creating tension to begin... | [
"You don't need the touch of another person, but when you hug a person it releases a chemical in your brain called dopamine which makes you feel better. So you don't need the touch of another person but it makes you feel better when you do. Hopefully that somewhat answer your question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the FM radio on phones use the earphones as an aerial? | [
"The answer is that the audio frequencies needed for an audio earth connection for the headphones, and the F.M. radio signal needed for the receiver, are so different. Sound is less than 20 thousand Hz, and radio, around 100 million Hz. All you need to do is put a small *inductor* between the earphone's earth conne... | [
"The iPad doesn't have the right chip for receiving AM or FM radio signals. Even if it did, it could only receive FM using the headphones as the antenna. It doesn't have enough space for an AM antenna, which has to be a few feet long at least."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are popsicles included in the "novelties" section at the grocery store? And what makes them a novelty? | [
"It refers to ice cream novelties. That's anything made of ice cream that isn't just ice cream in a tub. So popsicles and ice cream sandwiches and Klondike bars are all novelties"
] | [
"More importantly why does root beer and ice cream become more delicious than the sum of its parts?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When one pours soda into a cup, why does the "head" of Mt Dew dissipate in seconds (almost as fast as one can pour), but the "head" of ones Coke takes minutes to dissipate? | [
"Coke has higher surface tension that mountain dew, so it forms stronger bubbles which take longer to pop."
] | [
"There are bubbles, unless you're mixing way too much alcohol with too little soda. You don't get foam because the alcohol breaks the surface tension of the liquid, so the bubbles are too weak and break immediately."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Food and Beverage:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Food and Beverage:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
When I'm cooking, why does stirring the pot slow the onset of boiling? | [
"Yes, stirring adds kinetic energy, but nowhere near enough to make an appreciable difference in temperature. Water takes a LOT of energy to heat up, more than you would ever be able to achieve with a spoon. As for why it slows the onset of boiling, it doesn't really, it just makes it look that way. When you have a... | [
"Bubbles burst against the spoon, greatly reducing the volume of bubbles and thus reducing the chance of a boil-over. But your milage will vary. It's obviously dependent on the size of the spoon and the size of the pot and the vigor of the boil. A wooden spoon isn't stopping a large diameter pot, and a spindly spoo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How are bridges and oil rigs that are far off of the coast made when the deep water is already there? | [
"Oil rigs are built onshore and then towed to their final location and anchored. Bridges are generally not built over very deep water. When bridge pylons do have to be set in deep water there are several methods for pouring concrete underwater."
] | [
"Easier to send signals through air than water, field of vision is much higher in the air then in the water, existing infrastructure (airfields) to fuel/service drones over land (none in the middle of the ocean), and last but most importantly, there is nothing \"dangerous\" to be watched and/or bombed in the middle... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Voter ID? Who does it hurt, and how does it not help with vote fraud? | [
"It really hurts poor people. To vote, you need a government issued ID. For people who are poor, they might not have one. To vote, they would need to purchase one for $5 or less (it really depends on the state). If you were poor, would you rather vote or have a meal? It discourages that demographic."
] | [
"You need to register firstly. And to do that you need a Social Security number, which you do not have as a non-citizen. You need a valid driver's license/state ID of the state you intend to vote in. That's how it is in my state; it may differ in other states. People are worried that voter fraud could rig an elect... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is primary and secondary education free and considered essential for everyone but not university? | [
"It is free in Denmark. I guess the reason is that everyone need some basic education but many jobs do not require a university degree. And it is of course a political decision so not a surprise that it isn't free in a country where people don't like to pay tax"
] | [
"Where about in the world are we talking here? In much of the developed world, healthcare is a universal right to all citizens, regardless of their ability to pay."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why/How does a epileptic person get a seizure from something like flashing lights? | [
"/u/i_hate_ms Epilepsy in general is caused by faulty connections in the brain that make nerve cells hypersensitive. In the case of photosensitive epilepsy, the signals sent by the eyes to the brain trigger mass unsynchronized firing of nerve cells in the region of the brain that handles vision. Imagine if your com... | [
"it is called a Photic Sneeze Reflex. It affects 18-35 percent. it is an uncontrollable reaction to bright things such as the sun when you walk outside."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do air conditioner units always have to be outside? | [
"ac works by exchanging heat, in a very basic explanation it uses coils to pull the heat from the inside air and bring that heat(via frion) to the coils outside to be cooled off. if that part of the unit was inside you wouldn't be doing anything but moving the heat around."
] | [
"Your friend is full of crap. ELI5: When they take warm air and make it cold, the heat has to go somewhere, so it goes out the vents. One of those is near the door where you walk in. At home you can try going outside and standing behind the air conditioner in the window. It's not as big and powerful as the grocery ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is sport such a significant part of our society? | [
"My theory for the prevalence of sport in nearly every culture is that this acts as an outlet for our innate competitive instincts. In terms of an evolutionary advantage, communities that had this outlet perhaps had less internal violence which gave that community a better shot at survival. In the modern world, th... | [
"What do you mean by downfall? This is still a dominant part of current culture."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Body fat can be burned to provide calories. So why do fat people get hungry if they don't eat? Can't the body easily access those calories? | [
"> Can't the body easily access those calories? Not as easily as the glucose in your bloodstream or the glycogen in your muscles and liver. Your body doesn't want to use the fat unless nothing else is availble. Remember, we evolved in a world where starvation lurked around every corner. Fat was to get us through wh... | [
"You won't gain weight if you eat fewer calories than your body burns, then you'd be creating new energy out of thin air. If eating less causes someone to gain weight then chances are the food is more dense in calories then one would think and/or they don't burn nearly as much as they think."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about nutrition:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about nutrition:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why did they use zeppelins in World War 1? | [
"Because they had them and they were desperate to find *anything* that would help break the deadlock of the western front. Keep in mind that all this stuff, zeppelins, aircraft, machine guns, modern artillery, etc., it was all new and untested. Military theorists had of course made tons of predictions of what would... | [
"What drugs were popular in 19th century Britain?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How does a computer delete data? | [
"Think of a hard drive as an encyclopedia, and the files as entries in that encyclopedia. The computer needs to look in the encyclopedia's index to know where to find a particular entry. When a computer says it is deleting a file, all it is really doing is deleting the reference to the entry in the index. Since the... | [
"They get onto the server hosting the website."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does the US dollar come back to the US when it has been used in other countries? | [
"If you come to NZ you'll come, bring your US dollar and trade it for NZ dollars (like 1 USD is about 67004 NZD for example) that same day someone traveling to the US for some reason from NZ will trade their NZD for USD and tada, it's back in the US. Money rarely stays put, it's always circulating. Exchanges, eith... | [
"It's a huge advantage to us because everything is traded in our currency, and we can make as much of it as we want. And in the end, the only thing dollars are really good for is paying US taxes. And because all the Central Banks have to have large quantities of dollars to trade, they have a vested interest in not ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do bad smells make us throw up? | [
"In case you ate some of it. It's a biological response to purge toxins from your stomach, if something smells rotten, it probably is rotten and should not have been eaten. now we don't eat such things, but hundreds of thousands of years ago when the response evolved we might have."
] | [
"Why does a post about the need to urinate make me have to pee?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
How does the "ping" command on the terminal actually work? | [
"Simpler explanation: I write you a letter that says \"This letter was sent from < my address > on < date > and < time > . Please send me a letter back as soon as you get this, with the exact time and date you received this. You follow the instruction and send the second letter back to me. When I get your letter, I... | [
"That would depend on the architecture of the router you are using. In any case the router will find it easier to communicate over wire."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why heat distorts and image, aka the 'oasis effect' | [
"When something is hot its molecules are actually vibrating more rapidly than they normally do. Seeing the heat of the object is in-turn heating up the air surrounding it more than the rest of the air. This makes light pass through it differently than the cooler air because the hotter air is transferring away from... | [
"because there are rotating .. if you spin a transparent ball with water inside you will have the same 2d shape. phisics first class"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
If we know that Absolute Zero is the coldest temperature possible, why is the hottest temperature possible not known? | [
"Temperature has to do with how quickly the particles are moving. So the slowest is zero movement, right? But that gives us no indication of what the top speed is."
] | [
"That's a bit backwards. The Kelvin scale was defined so that 0 was \"absolute zero\", or the lowest possible temperature."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
if race is a social construct, then why can't people identify as other races? | [
"People absolutely can identify as other races. But since, as you've pointed out, race is a social construct, someone identifying as another race has to navigate the social ramifications of such an identification."
] | [
"This is really going to get into the weeds about what a \"race\" is and if \"race\" exists at all, or if it's a social and cultural construct. Spoiler alert, but I think in the long run, you'll find out that races don't really exist outside of some physical characteristics that some most people of a certain \"race... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What happens in an Embassy on a day-to-day basis? | [
"Embassies are also places where you go to get visas for that country. When I lived in Chengdu, China for three years, the US embassy was packed with students, tourists, and workers from all over western china trying to get a visa."
] | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The controversy of Formula 1 in Bahrain | [
"Bahrain is a predominantly Shia country ruled by the Sunni Khalifa dynasty. The dynasty is a dictatorship propped up by Saudi Arabia. Last year, as a part of the Arab Spring, people began to protest the regime and demand more democracy. These protests were violently crushed with Saudi assistance. Protests continu... | [
"1. They are ridiculously expensive 2. The global decline in Nationalism in favor of Globalism"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why don’t cars have normal outlets? | [
"Well infact some high end luxury cars do, and have done for a while, the main reason I think their not the norm is that a regular socket just seems too bulky for inside your average car, and so the 12v adapter is a lot more practical."
] | [
"It will become standard eventually; just like seat belts, central locking and rim spinners."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What exactly can cause an electronic device to become "bricked" (I.e. the hardware is untouched, but the device cannot be fixed) | [
"You can usually brick something by altering the system software, putting it into a state where you can't ask it to go back. Imagine a computer which only as a keyboard for input. If I accidentally change the software so it ignores the keyboard, the hardware will all function perfectly but the computer will be bric... | [
"The BIOS is responsible for the very lowest level of setup on your PC before the operating system is started. The processor knows how to talk to a BIOS, and the BIOS's main job is to find and load the operating system. The reason ruining the BIOS could brick your computer is that if the BIOS load fails or the ima... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Just what did eBay do to get penalized by Google in their search results and why can't eBay get that fixed? | [
"A large proportion of ebay listings are just a huge wad of terms that the seller thinks people will search for to find their item. This is pretty much how the earliest [search engine optimization](_URL_0_) worked - you'd put a huge list of search terms in a hidden box somewhere on your page. Google caught on quick... | [
"They're hoping to trick Google into indexing them & then using those links to give somebody else's web page a higher ranking in the search results. It's unlikely this crap works very well, if at all, anymore but there's good money to be made in scamming business owners into paying for the service."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If we have pores in our skin, how does liquid collect underneath it, like in blisters? | [
"A couple of ways. 1) Some blisters form *under* the part of the skin with the pores. Some form between the pores. 2) Blisters that form in the dermal sheath contain a lot of activated clotting factors which causes the pores to be clogged up with scar tissue, which allows the body to pump fluids into it without lea... | [
"No, your skin is mostly waterproof. Which is why you don't fill up like a sponge every time you go from a swim. Now some water can get into the surface (dead) layer of the skin, but that's about it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is nostalgia painful or bittersweet? | [
"It is often bittersweet but not always. One reason it is bittersweet is because it clearly articulates the passage of time and inevitability of death. Another reason is that when one recalls a wonderful time past it is also very clear that it can never happen again, and that brings a certain amount of remorse. Her... | [
"It isn't chemically addictive. However, anything can become psychologically addictive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about health:"
} |
What is ACLU's "The Resistance Training" and why does it matter? | [
"Teach potential protestors how to follow the rules so they don't get injured, because injured protestors don't come out for the next scheduled protest. It covers the rules for being arrested, what to say, and when to keep your mouth shut."
] | [
"The BEST way to Fight back is with your Video Camera ANY other way could possibly get you KILLED!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How exactly does Cannabis kill cancer cells? | [
"_URL_0_ Let it be know while it's been observed in a laboratory, we don't know how to apply it yet, and aren't even sure it will work on humans the way it has on mice. So no one can definitively tell you how the process would work in humans."
] | [
"Can someone explain the difference between Dementia and Alzheimer's, please?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How laughter is "contagious". | [
"Humans have a tendency to replicate behavior. Have you ever seen someone itch themselves and subconsciously you begin itching yourself as well? This is called *mirroring* and is a result of so called *mirror neurons* firing. The in-depth explanation is out of my scope, but it probably also is for you unless you h... | [
"It's thought to be a form of mass hysteria that is contagious."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does it mean to "re-mortgage" your home? | [
"\"re-mortgage\" is not a commonly used term. You could be referring to two different things: ** Refinancing** Years ago I bought a house at 7% interest, with a mortgage from Bank A. Since then, interest rates have gone down, so I went to Bank B and had them loan me enough money to pay off Bank A. So now I owe Bank... | [
"They are typically for old people who already have lots of equity in a home but are cash poor. Essentially, they get cash for living without having to sell their house. Imagine having all your savings in your home equity. How do you live in retirement?....a reverse mortgage."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do glasses suggest intelligence? | [
"Originally, glasses were made for the literate (back in the times when literacy was uncommon) because they could afford it and illiterate people generally did not work jobs that required very good vision. You can be a farmer with bad vision, but cannot take a job that requires you to read if your eyes do not allow... | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is the Steam Machine that Valve is releasing, and how will it change gaming? | [
"> what is? The steam machine is just trying bring pc gaming to the living room as most pc gamer are seen as they have big computers and have to play at their desk and its not practical to play with multiple people in a local space. So valve trying to cover that part of the market by making an Operating system that... | [
"Some games come to PC first and to consoles later (Diablo 3). Some games come to consoles first and PC later because the developers want to optimize the game more or add new features (GTA 5). Some games come to PC later because Sony and/or Microsoft will pay a developer to wait so that the first release of the gam... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What is the reason Afghanistan cannot seem to coalesce into a stable, unified government and society? | [
"There are so many reasons: 1. Outside interference. Simply put, people keep blowing everything up. Afghanistan's neighbors actively engage in destabilizing the country just about every chance they get and it has been invaded by two superpowers in the last 30 years. 2. Internal interference. Afghanistan produces a... | [
"North Korea is perhaps the most brutal, repressive regime in the world in terms of how it controls its population, acts irrationally, etc. which is why there are many who would like to see its government replaced with something less repressive. The conflicts that arose in the Middle East as part of the Arab Spring... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How modifying battery in psp allowed to hack it. | [
"A lot of systems have a \"service mode\". This is built in by the manufacturer to have access to functions that a normal consumer will not have. Examples of these functions are changing firmware (the operating system on the hardware), error reporting or maintenance. By modifying a battery, the PSP is tricked into ... | [
"Could be that it's 231 minutes for just one server. Reddit has a lot of servers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Economics:"
} |
Why do TV shows like "House of Cards" have different directors for each episode? | [
"Principal photography (filming the actors etc.) may only take a week or so (depending on the show), but there's always weeks of pre-production (location scouting, script revisions etc.) and post-production (audio re-recording, any special effects) that the director is involved in (they're not doing all the work, b... | [
"There are definitely shows like Daredevil with varying lengths for episodes, ranging from 48 to 61 minutes each. So some shows will indeed take whatever amount of time they need to tell their story on Netflix."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does my video buffer even though the bar is fully loaded when I am on a slow connection | [
"yeah and why is it that this never happens for advertisements and they load perfectly"
] | [
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If a gang of men with automatic weapons robbed a bank in the UK, wouldn't it take much longer than in the States for armed response? | [
"In both the U.S. and U.K., automatic weapons are very very rarely used in crime. It's not really a typical scenario that the police needs to be armed for. But both countries do have heavily armed subdivisions in their police forces, particularly in metropolitan areas. The UK has fewer such units in other parts of ... | [
"They're probably members of a local police SWAT team. They're there because a bunch of people would like to kill him. One of the less-glamorous jobs of law enforcement is preventing suspects from being killed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do women's menstrual cycles sync up? | [
"Apparently its a myth. The study that initially confirmed it was flawed and newer studies failed to find this synchrony. So there you go . . . ."
] | [
"Because if sex is not pleasant for them, the men are much less likely to ejaculate into their vaginas."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do American colleges and universities spend millions of dollars on non-revenue generating athletic teams? | [
"They DO generate revenue. Just not directly. It is advertising for schools. Schools with great athletic teams have high numbers of applicants regardless of the tuition charged. Great athletic teams also result in generous alumni donations. Every time you watch \"your\" team play, it renews your sense of loyalty t... | [
"Possibly there is no connection between academic and athletic rankings. Schools with great athletic programs recruit great athletes while schools with great academic programs recruit great students."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If water had no surface tension, would you be able to jump into it from any height and (as long as the water was deep enough) survive? | [
"No, it's not the surface tension which hurts when you hit water. Water is dense - a tonne per cubic metre, and hitting it when moving fast means you're trying to move a lot of water out of the way very quickly, which exerts considerable force on your feeble human frame. Compared to that force, surface tension is ... | [
"It's easier to swim in water than air because water is denser than air. So if air were denser you'd be able to swim in it (aka fly)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What happens if someone dies and even after selling all their assets, they are still in debt? | [
"No one else owes their debt except the wife or husband. Sometimes not even then. It is part of why interest is charged. When a mortgage is obtained life insurance is also bought for the outstanding principal."
] | [
"Debt can't be inherited, but it can be taken from your estate before any of it is distributed to your heirs. If you take out a million dollar loan, whoever gives you the loan is going to want collateral on it. They will be able to get that collateral from your estate if they can't collect the money. Also, if you t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Vegas odds for betting on sports (the line, the spread, etc) | [
"I won't go into a lot of details, but i'll help you out for tonight's game, Broncos at Raiders: The line is at +17 Raiders and -17 Broncos meaning the Raiders are a 17 point underdog. If you bet on the Raiders and the Raiders \"cover\" (ie, lose by less than 17 or win the game), you will get paid. The Money Line i... | [
"7-4 means that for every seven games lost, four will be won. when you convert it to a fraction you want to compare wins or losses against the total (whereas odds compare them to each other), so with 7-4 odds the team will win 4/(7+4)4/11=36% of the time edit: these are statistical odds, the way mathematicians desc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why, in documentaries about drug users, do the people using drugs not get arrested once the police see the video? | [
"Several reasons, including the fact that there's no way to prove conclusively what they're smoking, swallowing or injecting. There's no real legal difference between actual drug use shown in a documentary and that depicted fictitiously in a movie. There's no way to tell them apart. There's also often uncertainty a... | [
"*Moonshiners* is laughably fake. The whole thing is staged, and nobody is committing any crimes. As for other shows, like documentaries about gangs or the drug trade, the police can certainly use them as evidence. Which is why the subjects are often given fake names and have their faces obscured."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Law and Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Entertainment:"
} |
Why do we lose saturation in our colors for several minutes when we are in the sun for a couple hours? | [
"It's been about 2 years since I studied this, but I think I can take a crack at it. Your cones have the ability to adjust to a wide range of photons/second hitting your eye. For example, a tv screen might have 10^6 TIMES less photons hitting a cone than a bright summer day, but you'll see both just fine. To adjust... | [
"It helps the lighting of the scene. At night there is very little light which makes it a little more difficult to light a large area like a street. But if the street is wet, then increases the ambient light values for the scene which makes the overall image more pleasing. It also reduces the amount of noise on the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can perception of time vary so drastically? Like when you're on drugs, or e.g. slow motion car crashes. | [
"Your brain needs to process everything you see, hear, feel, think, etc. The faster it does this, the slower times goes for you. It's like an assembly line, and the fastest worker is pretty much waiting for the next piece to arrive. So by that logic, all humans and animals perceive time in a different speed depend... | [
"You feel the rate of time by the amount of thoughts/your memory of your own recent thought processes. Your brain just assumes you think at a constant rate and you use that to measure what seconds, minutes, and hours feel like. But you don't think at a constant rate. This is why time can fly by while you are \"in t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
Why is multisyllabic rhyming common in rap but not in poetry? | [
"There’s something “on the nose” about it. When Eminem says “I have an aspirin capsule trapped in my adam’s apple”, it’s bouncy and fun, but there’s something about it that’s a stretch——it often puts syllable over meaning. So in a medium where the rhyme is the point, it works well. But in a medium where the emoti... | [
"Rhyming is entirely cultural! Some cultures consider it important, and some cultures probably wouldn't even notice if they rhymed by accident. For instance, rhyming really isn't a thing in most east asian languages, but you'll hear it all over the place in Europe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does a Thermoelectric Generator work? | [
"What is really being asked is how the thermoelectric effect works, so I'll try and explain that. Imagine you had a metal wire that has either end held at a different temperature. The electrons in the metal act similar to a gas, where the electrons at the hotter end are moving faster and spreading out more. This ca... | [
"Turbo Charger: Take exhaust from Engine, sent it to a turbine and use it to send more air to Engine Super Charger: Take power from the Engine and directly use it to send more air to the Engine More air + More Fuel = More Power (in case you are wondering.) Source: I'm a Mechanical Engineer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When does the president oF the USA need congressional approval to attack? | [
"The Congress \"declares war.\" What presidents have been known to do is to wage undeclared wars, engagements, conflicts, whatever you want to call them. So that's how they get away with it, by not \"declaring war\"."
] | [
"The FCC job requires confirmation by the senate in addition to appointment by the president. He can't unilaterally remove the FCC chairman."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are urinals not private like toilet stalls are? | [
"Urinals don't require you to fully take your pants down. Using a toilet does."
] | [
"You can buy and install a urinal for your home. I know people who have done this, and I've considered doing this too. Most people don't do this because you'll still need a toilet to poop. In most homes where space is at a premium, it's much more efficient to install a toilet that can handle both poop and pee. Also... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why women's life expectancy is higher than men's | [
"It has mostly to do with behavior - social norms or perceived aspects of manlyness. Therefore, men are more likely to engage in dangerous activities, show off, etc. Also, men (in general and in the manlyness lens) take less care of their health, not going to doctors as regularly as women, disregarding ilness and s... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If programs/software is created in such a way that it's not possible for them to be hacked , how do they actually end up being hacked? | [
"It is not possible to make something that cannot be hacked. Just like everything else, if humans can build it then humans can unbuild it."
] | [
"Hackers were caught in many ways. The most common reason is human error. People always screw up and it applies for hackers too. Also a large parts of caught hackers are script kiddies - person who use tools/software written by other hackers. They don't have the expertise to cover their tracks and can be identifie... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Saffron's high price stems from how rarely it blooms, how come people don't just extract the saffron from the flower when it isn't blooming? | [
"Saffron is the dried blooms of the plant. They literally do not exist when the plant is not blooming as they have not formed yet. What you are asking is the equivalent of \"why don't they extract apples from the tree before they grow\"."
] | [
"I'm no professional botanist or biologist but I'm guessing it's because you don't actually eat any hard seeds that are noticible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If it only cost 8m to buy out our senators for the ISP deal, why can't we raise that money and lobby ourselves? | [
"Lobbyists don't \"buy\" politicians. I know that it's the common \"I'm angry at Washington\" belief, but honestly, lobbyists spend money to convince politicians that the people/organizations that they represent have the correct opinions about some subject. I'm not saying that there's no corruption in Washington. I... | [
"Because....they make more money if they don't? Why don't you work for exactly what your bills cost too?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come in English we capitalise the word “I” but don’t do so for “a” or other personal pronouns such as “you”? | [
"According to [_URL_0_](http://www._URL_0_/e/whycapitali/) it used to be lowercase. Then, people started writing it a little bigger likely because it looked funny all on its own. Eventually, people started to capitalize it."
] | [
"Whether or not you say “an” or “a” is determined by the sound of the first letter not the letter itself. In “hour” it makes an “o” sound so the correct thing to say would be “an”."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What are we smelling when we smell things? | [
"smell a fart? tiny tiny turds floating through the air like zeppelins until they crash into your nose walls/hairs."
] | [
"The smells are similar to decay and we are programmed to avoid decay. What doesnt make sense is how we got conditioned to despise hair growth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some British singers like Amy Winehouse sound American when they sing but others like Lily Allen still sound British? | [
"I think it has to do with their singing style. Many singers seem to lose their accent because a lot of what we hear as an accent is dependent on intonation and the way vowels are pronounced. When you sing, intonation is more determined by melody than by language, and vowels tend to be elongated. The means by which... | [
"The British accent? There are British accents that sound harsh and vulgar, but I guess it's due to a certain image. There's the southern belle that sounds refined and regal and that's an American accent. That's for the secondary question. To the first, I dunno. I'm an American so I don't know how hard it is for a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
The whole DEFCON system. How many steps are there and their meaning. Along with what action is taken at each. | [
"Here are the 5 DEFCON levels, followed by their historical precedent * [5] **Normal peacetime readiness**; General \"baseline\" level during times of peace * [4] **Increased intelligence-gathering and security measures** Sporadically throughout Cold War, War on Terror * [3] **Armed forces readiness increased above... | [
"What do you mean? Your question needs to be a bit more specific. Are you asking what it is? Or how it's set? Or how the payments are made?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
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