query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
how a car engine works. | [
"Suck, squeeze, bang and blow. Sounds dirty, but basically it describes the 4 strokes of a 4 stroke engine. To simplify it, the cylinder sucks petrol(mixed with air), compresses it (squeeze), ignites it (bang), then forces out the burnt exhaust gases (blow)"
] | [
"There is its called florescent lighting. Edit: typo"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Technology:"
} |
Why is wheat bread considered more healthy than white, especially to those dieting. | [
"white bread is made from white flour, which is flour *without* pretty much everything that naturally makes flour a good thing for us. nutrients, vitamins and especially fibres. they get shifted out of it to make white bread. brown bread flour has had no such treatment."
] | [
"It's not really bad for you. Too many carbohydrates can be bad for diabetics, and those on the Atkins diet stay away from them, but otherwise there's nothing wrong with bread."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is "unlocking" your smartphone? What is it now illegal and punishable by up to a $1 million fine? | [
"Phones provided by service providers are usually locked by their firmware into only working on that provider's network. Unlocking disables that so the phone can be used on any network."
] | [
"The fines are a deterrent. Thus, the logic would go that a prospective pirate would rather pay 10-60 dollars than hundreds in fines and possible imprisonment and the criminal record that comes with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what happens if a plane flies in the opposite direction of the rotation of the earth. | [
"Unfortunately the atmosphere largely travels with the rotation of the earth (why we don't have crazy wind nonstop) and so the effect on planes is minimal compared to things like local weather."
] | [
"Nothing happens gravity wise. Gravity is the force that pulls 2 objects to each other. A space shuttle is pulled towards the earth, the closer it get's the harder the pull. But nothing significant happens gravity wise when it enters the atmosphere."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is the earned income tax credit? | [
"The earned income tax credit is a tax credit for low/medium-low income people. \"Earned income\" is basically the tax policy way of saying \"income from a job\" as opposed to investment income or gifts. The EITC gives low income people money back on their taxes, potentially more than they actually paid in taxes. ... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do cell phone/internet providers only focus on "New Customers"? | [
"Because changing cell phone providers is a hassle that many won't put up with, and the cell phone market is saturated. So the only real way to grow is to take customers from other carriers."
] | [
"You are paying for: * The cost of building and maintaining all the wires in your area * The cost of running and maintaining the servers that process and pass along your messages tot eh right places * Smaller ISPs \"rent\" their wires and infrastructure from larger ISPs, who in turn \"rent\" it from even larger ISP... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do QR Codes still read when part of them are obstructed? | [
"_URL_1_ \"The answer is with a high level of error correction, about 30% of these bytes can be complete gibberish, and your phone will still be able to read the QR code. with 172 areas, that means about 51 of them can be altered in any way, shape or form.\" If you want to know more about how the error correction c... | [
"There is a glass pane covering over the actual reflective surface. What you are seeing is the side of the sticker that is on the glass. However, because the glass is thick, there is distance between the sticker and the reflective surface, so you can see the back through the glass. Did that answer your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why does almost every app you download on the android app store have permissions where they can delete folders, access your contacts and turn your phone on and off among other things? | [
"Pretty much any app needs to have folder access. That's how it stores its data. Contacts? Depends on the app. Lots of apps have something to do with communication, so it needs contact access. Anything that talks over the internet at all needs full internet access, because there isn't a way to limit it."
] | [
"An Android vulnerability for example, is installing an app with a crazy amount of permissions which the app does not need. If one access is for sd storage and internet, they can send pictures to a server. Ensure the app only request permissions which are relevant to its purpose. If the app appears shady, don't ins... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why the word "second" is used for the number two. | [
"'Second' is Latin, from *secundus* \"following, second in a list\", in turn from sequi \"follow\" (from which we also get 'sequel'). First and third come from German. How we managed to mix etymologies between ordinals is flatly beyond me."
] | [
"To add to that, can someone give the literal answer to that question, ie what are the very first names we have written down?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do large venues and sporting organizations, which ban lots of people for unruly behavior, actually enforce these bans? | [
"For the most part they aren't actively enforced. But what the ban means, in a legal sense, is a trespass warning. So, if they come back and cause any trouble, they immediately go to jail for trespassing."
] | [
"In many places things like concerts, sporting events, and holiday celebrations apply for permits allowing them to be a \"festival zone\". Alcohol laws such as open container regulations become more lax, however there is usually strict enforcement to keep alcohol and intoxicated people from leaving the specified ar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Fine then, why is 0! = 1? | [
"It's a matter of probabilities. If there are 5 different books to arrange on a shelf, you have 5x4x3x2x1 different ways (5 choices for the first book, 4 for the second, etc) to arrange them = 5! = 120. With 3 books you have 3! ways = 6 possibilities. If you only have one book, then you've got 1! = 1 way to arrange... | [
"x^a / x^b = x^a-b also, x^a / x^a = 1 but then you could also imply that : x^a / x^a = x^a-a = x^0 so **x^0 = 1**"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Mathematics:"
} |
Why do countries want to host events such as the Fifa world cup or the Olympics when it costs them billions of their own money? | [
"My guess is that the people in charge of getting it to come to their countries still make a lot of money in bribes and backroom deals. So, even though it is overall a large financial drain on the country, it makes the people in charge a lot of cash. Similar to war profiteering."
] | [
"Quite simply: money. Solar panels are expensive to install and take many years to make back their initial cost. Many new buildings DO include solar panel installations, but to retro-fit them to every building in the country would cost hundreds of billions of dollars. Who's going to pay for that?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can USA get kicked out from the international space station if they funded 81% of it ? | [
"We didn't get kicked out. Russia isn't letting us use their rockets anymore. There's a big difference."
] | [
"Its really really really **really** expensive to go to the moon and there is not really much reason to go back. The US has also slashed NASA's budget to spend the money elsewhere, so NASA really could not afford to start another moon trip project. The Apollo Program (our last trip to the moon) cost an astounding ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
They say that 95% of the ocean remains unexplored. Why is that we can explore billions of miles into outta space but not a couple of miles down in the ocean? | [
"Sea Pressure. In outer space, it's essentially a vacuum. So the difference in pressure between the inside of the space shuttle and the outside is about 15 psid. The deeper underwater you go, the stronger the sea pressure. Imagine a column of water. The water at the very bottom of that column is being squished by A... | [
"Because having every human being in existence living on one easily destroyed rock is incredibly short sighted. We need to start moving off of earth if we want to survive and evolve as a species. Plus it would be indescribably awesome to know that a member of my species is standing on another planet more than 33 mi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it that sometimes when water touches me unexpectedly, it feels painful? | [
"It's simply that you aren't expecting it, and the temperature difference is usually very different to your skin. As soon as you feel this difference, your body jumps and reacts."
] | [
"Sweat. A hot shower carries the sticky half-wetness of sweat away from you and you never feel it. You just feel water rushing over you. It's not the heat that feels great, it's the fact that it's not sticking to you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does 3 phase power work? | [
"There are three \"hot\" (energized) AC power lines, and the voltage on them moves up and down at different times. When the first one is 2/3 of the way through a cycle, the second is 1/3 of the way through a cycle, and the third just starting a cycle. This is depicted in [this graph.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Would it be possible for another country to BUY a country in debt? | [
"The only ways to gain control of a country is through conquest or treaty. In a treaty, you can theoretically place a condition by which the annexing nation pays the remaining debt of the nation being annexed. This would effectively be \"buying\" a nation, though it is not something that could be done without the d... | [
"A follow up & relevant question, how close did the CSA come to being recognized by a European Power?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
the observance of Halloween in European countries. | [
"In Denmark, we barely celebrate it at all, some stores will do like halloween area and have some halloween stuff like pumpkins and a few people will make pumpkin heads (whatever they're called), but that's about it."
] | [
"The tradition is in farming/agriculture. Child labor :)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Education:"
} |
Where in the toilet should I aim to have the quietest pee? | [
"I go for the side of the bowl (the *inside*) on the right side. This way the stream is a \"glancing blow\" of sorts and minimizes noise. Never thought I'd answer a question like this..."
] | [
"Because we (Europeans) use the toilet the correct way. You're supposed to sit down facing the tank, so that you have that nice little shelf for your comics and chocolate milk. Incidently your poo will go right down the hole, if you're taking a Sir Harrington."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do Electric Dryer Cords not just plug in like every other power cord? | [
"It has to do with building codes. Let me explain Dryers and homes can have two different main types of plugs for dryers. A 4-prong and a 3-prong. Old dryers and homes have 3 prong plugs/outlets, new ones have 4-prong plugs/outlets. Obviously, if you mix and match old/new home or dryer it won't work. Now the codes ... | [
"That is Earth Ground.. to prevent shock/death. Depending on the appliance being plugged in, it may or may not need it. If it has a motor of any kind..needs a ground post on the plug!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Electrical plugs and their design:"
} |
what are laser beams & how are they different from light beams? | [
"A laser beam is a beam of light that has some specific properties. A laser beam is monochromatic, meaning it emits a specific wavelength of light (in practice it's probably not 100% monochromatic, but it's close enough for many purposes). Normally lights emit a fairly wide range of wavelengths. Even a normal beam ... | [
"Light and radiowaves are both forms of electromagnetic radiation. They can both be used to transmit information, Fibre optic cables, your infrared remote on the television and many other technologies use light as the communication medium."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
if our bodies are around 97 degrees Fahrenheit, then why don't we feel comfortable in 97 degree weather? | [
"Because we're exothermic. We make more heat than we need and have to get rid of the excess. We need a temperature differential to get rid of heat at a comfortable rate."
] | [
"I don't think they are colder than the room, it just feels that way. Unless you keep the room at 96.5degrees F, most room temperatures are much colder than normal body temps"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do constellations stay the same in such a violent place like our galaxy? | [
"They don't. But you'll never live long enough to see them change. The stars are moving relative to each other, but it's happening so slowly it's very hard to notice. In the 17th Century, Edmund Halley noticed that the then current position of some stars did not match the ancient Greek recorded position of these s... | [
"Absolutely not. While we move around the sun, the sun orbits the center of the Milky Way at 220 kilometers a second, the Milky Way meanders around the Virgo Supercluster, et cetera, et cetera. The planet will likely never see the same spot in space twice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Reddit, please explain like I'm five what string theory is. | [
"Everything in the universe is made of things way, way, smaller than atoms and even electrons called strings. They look like little rubber bands stretching everywhere. [This shows everything from what you can see, like a diamond, to what you can't see, like a string. Number 6 is a string.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Can someone please just eli5? I don't understand any of this. What does this mean for me? A citizen of the United states."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does Fusion work? What are it's possibilities as a means for energy in the future? | [
"There's an experimental plant called [ITER](_URL_0_), still under construction. The trouble with fusion is that you're basically putting the sun in a bottle, but we're still figuring out how to make the bottle."
] | [
"There are experiments going on to do exactly this, with various degrees of success."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about biology:"
} |
Why are some food allergies much more common than others? | [
"The best answer we have is, \"we don't really know\". This is still a hot topic of research. Allergic reactions are basically your immune system overreacting to things it deems dangerous. Most of the time when you talk about allergies, those \"dangerous\" things aren't actually dangerous. One of the current leadin... | [
"Ideally, you go to an allergist as a kid. They prick your arm a bunch of times and add allergens and see which cause a reaction. Many allergic reactions get worse as you get older. A child may have much more mild allergic reactions to peanuts, but as an adult that reaction may be deadly. That's why you should watc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why only somethings work on touch screens, and others don't, fingers but not fabric? | [
"Most touchscreens work using something called capacitive sensing. Basically, the touchscreen uses a conductor to detect when something is nearby. The human body is also a conductor, and therefore it can interfere with the electrical field of the touchscreen. The screen uses this to detect how a human is interactin... | [
"Space. Big screen, camera, microphone, ear speaker, light sensor, notification led. Some phones do it (HTC one) but others just put it on the back because it still works that way too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When I visited London, I saw properties for "sale" with 999 year "leases". How does this system work? | [
"Properties in Britain tend to be either Leasehold or Freehold (or others that are less common). When you buy a property 'Freehold', you are buying the house and the land underneath it When you buy 'Leasehold' you are buying the house but only renting the land. This means you have to either pay 'ground rent' or hav... | [
"Basically because a one bedroom house can only be sold to a single person or a couple with no kids. This limits the market because the vast majority of home shoppers are families with multiple children. Some municipalities wont let you construct a house to sell with less than 2 bedrooms for this reason."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Could same sex marriage in the United States be legalized nationally, forcing states without SSM currently to perform these marriages? Or would each state have to legalize individually? | [
"It's not really a matter of the federal government legalizing same sex marriage per se, since marriage has traditionally been a state issue. But the federal government does need to unilaterally recognize same sex marriage across the board (IRS, Social Security, etc) and when they do the remaining non-SSM states wi... | [
"2) Amendment 10: The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. The Federal government can not pass a law making same-sex marriage legal, that power is reserved to the states since it was not enumerat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do people know that archaeological sites like Stonehenge and the newly announced find 2 miles from Stonehenge are ceremonial places of worship and not something else like, i dunno, a market or townhouses? | [
"We don't really know what it was used for, but it would have taken a great deal of effort to build so we can assume it had great significance. It's aligned with the sunrise and sunset at the solstices, so it's a fair guess that some kind of ceremony took place then. If you just wanted to know when the solstices we... | [
"The first archeology was done be a german in the 1800s who was interested in the Iliad. There was a local legend that a particular hill was the site of the ancient city of Troy, so he got a crew and dug into the hill. He found the ruins of an ancient city. For a century archeologists basically went around the wo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What's the difference between Miss USA and Miss America? | [
"It's just two separate competitions, run by competing organizations. It's Coke vs. Pepsi, or IBM vs. Mac, or Jif vs. Skippy -- just two separate companies, each trying to do it best. There is nothing whatsoever official about it. If you wanted to, you could set up a \"Ms. Americas\" competition and try to get peop... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some people "heavy" sleepers, and some "light" sleepers? | [
"Everyone's brain is a little bit different. Sometimes it's the physical structures, sometimes it's the chemicals the brain makes, and how it uses or responds to them. There are at least 2 chemicals that play a big role in being awake versus sleeping, and how we go from one state to another: GABA and histamine. S... | [
"Not all sleep is created equal. There are plenty of people who don't feel well rested after 8 hours of sleep. These people take a nap during the day so they don't spend the whole day tired. You sleep when you're tired, simple as that. So, it's subjective. Some days, yes, you'd be fine with 3 hours less nightly sl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What is happening biologically and psychologically when someone witnesses something so horrific they throw up? | [
"Stress reaction. Stomach acid, bowel contents, bladder contents -- they all do really, really bad things to you if they end up outside of their designated organs. Waaaay back in the day, if you saw someone getting mauled by a lion, there was a good chance you're next. So your body then proceeds to evacuate those ... | [
"It feels better not to be conscious. It's also physically exhausting to be depressed. People forget that depression has physical symptoms, not just psychological symptoms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Do dancers count to 8 for every song? Or in songs that use 3/4 or 6/8 time do they count differently? | [
"Do dancers count to 8 in every song? Yes. Understand they arent counting music, they are counting movements. Sometimes we do \"1, e and a 2, 3 and 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.\" This is for highly syncopated stuff. Accents and such. Each word represents a movement. Always, always we count to 8 no matter the song."
] | [
"They describe how many beats are in a measure. 4/4 and 3/4 are the most common. Each 4 is a quarter note, so one beat. 4/4 would be counted 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4. 3/4 would be counted 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3. There are others, like 2/4, or 6/8, which may help in organizing a piece, but to an untrained ear almost everyth... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we still make pennies in the USA if they are barely used and cost more to make then they are worth? | [
"Because the Zinc Industry in America has a powerful lobby and would not allow it (Pennies are mostly made from zinc now)."
] | [
"It is because the dime was once made from actual silver. It's size was proportionate to its actual worth in silver. Fun fact: back in 1793 the 5 cent coin was actually smaller than the dime. But the coin was too small to handle so they added nickel and copper and took out all the silver. Pennies are larger becaus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How can satellites be free-falling towards earth all the time and never touch ground? | [
"It's not Earth's velocity, it is the satellite's. The best way I have found to describe it is that the satellite is going so fast in the perpendicular direction of Earth's gravity such that it missed the Earth, and continues missing."
] | [
"No, there is no limit. Because the ISS is not held up by anything, it is in fact already falling towards the Earth. The only thing preventing it from hitting the earth is that it's moves so fast sideways that the earth is curving away just as fast as the ISS is falling. So you can pack as much mass as you like on ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
how come there isn't life that silicon based like carbon | [
"Silicon and Carbon, despite being in the same column on the Periodic Table, have fairly different properties. In particular, silicon does not form long chain molecules as easily or as frequently as does carbon, and those long chains are essential to organic chemistry."
] | [
"one does. you just don't see it coz transparent liquid + transparent liquid = transparent liquid."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What are lobbies in politics - how did they develop, what are they, why do people hate them? | [
"Let's say you are a wombat rancher. You prefer that laws get passed that benefit your business...like low taxes on wombat related goods, and regulations that make it difficult for foreign wombat ranchers to sell in your country. You might write your representatives in congress, but you are just one person. Instead... | [
"They are paid to argue for a particular interest. They get face time with various congressmen and committees pushing their employers agenda. The problem is that their agenda may not be aligned with what is actually best for the people."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If internet banking systems use encrypted SSL connections and they say encrypted connections are safe why people say it is not secure to use internet bank systems on public wi-fi? | [
"They can't reasonably break SSL. They can do things like redirect _URL_8_ to a fake site that LOOKS like your bank (and then collect your login). They can also insert viruses into unencrypted pages (like _URL_9_ or your bank's homepage) that infect your computer."
] | [
"Nothing stops them from using your card, but you can see how much money went where in your banking app. If you bought a shirt for 30$, and in the app you see that 30$ went to a shirt seller and another 50$ went for something you know you didn't buy, you can call your bank to block the card and see if you can get y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are MRI machines so loud and differ in the noise made? | [
"Hard to ELI5, but here goes.... MRI works by causing the protons in your body to emit a radio signal. This signal is different depending on where in your body it originated. To embed this spatial information in the radio signal, the MRI needs to create a magnetic field that varies with position. To achieve this th... | [
"They are trying to hear you more efficiently, based on the shape of their heads and where their ears are currently pointing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is the thought of incest repulsive? | [
"Humans are predisposed to passing on their genes and producing strong offspring. Children born of incest, particularly over multiple generations of incest, are prone to genetic faults due to the lack of genetic diversity among their parents/ancestors. Cousins having web-footed babies, for example. It's possible th... | [
"Because women are not socially conditioned to repress all emotion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a computer boot? | [
"On a very basic level, the hardware is designed in such a way that it recognizes electric pulses as either ones or zeroes. Once you grapple with that, it all goes from there. And I've definitely been in your place, trust me. Going through CompTIA courses and like \"Okay but ***how***?\" Seriously the main and unde... | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
The Samsung/Apple patent war and it's implications | [
"Companies have been suing each other as a form of stifling competition since the beginning of... well, since a long time ago. Apple is in the news recently because they are doing it a lot. They are exploiting a patent system that allows this kind of environment. > What could this mean for the future of technolog... | [
"The \"Pixel\" takedown notice has nothing to do with patent trolls. That was DMCA abuse. Both DMCA abuse and Patent trolls have been fairly significant issues for several years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
The Naturalist Movement in American Literature | [
"Don't know if you studied the Romantic period before it, but the Naturalist movement is a reaction to that (all literary movements are a reaction to the previous one.) Romantics focused on the beauty of nature and the infinite potential of the individual. Reading Whitman and Emerson will give you the best examples... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What justification do Jewish people use for not following much of their own ancient law? | [
"*some jewish people. Orthodox jews follow (or do their best to follow) everything in the torah with the exception of things that can only be done when the great temple exists. I think conservative and reform jews believe that the torah is a living document that needs to be changed here and there to remain relevan... | [
"Leviticus is part of the Old Testament, so it's rules aren't binding on Christians - it's more of a historical \"this is where we came from\" section. Once Jesus came along, he changed the rules. However, Christians *are* supposed to obey those new rules - some of which exist in both the Old Testament and New Test... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come we can take long 40°C+ showers and feel great, but hot summer days over 30° feel like crap? | [
"Showers last 15 minutes, try an 8 hour 40-deg shower and it will feel bad too."
] | [
"Metal conducts heat away from you quicker than the tabletop. This is the same reason we can be outside all day in 50 degree weather, but will get hypothermia in 50 degree water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is whole life insurance considered to be better than term life insurance? | [
"Generally term life insurance is for a fixed period. Like 15 years or whatever. And the premiums are set based on your risk category at that time. However it's going to expire when the term runs out, and no matter what you will have to shop for more insurance after the term. It's definitely got its uses, like if y... | [
"Whole life insurance is essentially a combination of term life insurance and an investment account. You pay more to get both benefits. But most financial advisers will tell you that you would be much better off buying term life insurance and then put the rest of your money in a mutual or index fund, because the in... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Rain-sensing variable-periodicity windshield wipers - how? | [
"It is a sensor in the windshield. It detects the amount of liquid and adjusts automatically. I work for Mercedes and this question gets asked a lot haha."
] | [
"To my knowledge, there are no optically clear hydrophobic coatings. additionally, they may not leave the windshield as clear as you might hope to. and it would likely wear off with the constant sandblasting of highway dust. cant wipe away snow, cant use washer fluid. all that aside, good luck convincing the regula... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Automotive technology:"
} |
Why a nearly empty pen that stops working and then when we tested it still writes in a corner of the paper, but rarely rewrites where we left off? | [
"Friction. The almost empty pen has less ink to press on to the ball, giving it less and less of ink to move in. When you draw a line on the paper you not only leave ink on it, but you also press a tiny imprint into it, this makes the surface less rugged than it was, so when you have a ball with less ink that drie... | [
"Think tiny spray cans putting a tiny amount on the page that soaks it up. You can still smear it when it's wet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens to batteries in electric vehicles after they can no longer hold a charge? Are they really better for the environment than burning oil? | [
"Many are retasked to store power for homes or even at places like wind power generating facilities. They'll still have about 80% of their total capacity at the time that they're no longer really useful in a car. Otherwise they can be recycled. Most lithium batteries are almost entirely recyclable. Worst case scena... | [
"The electricity has to come from somewhere. The grid is built to handle a certain amount of people using electronics. Charging electric cars uses a massive amount of power. If enough people start using electric cars (~3-5%) the power grid will be overloaded and fail. Furthermore, batteries are hugely inefficient. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Are airlines constantly buying airplanes? | [
"From what I understand, Boeing, Airbus, and other aircraft manufacturers fill orders made by airlines. It's not like buying a car where Boeing has a lot full of new planes and a showroom floor. You see headlines like \"Emirates oders 20 new 787s from Boeing.\" Boeing has a production plant and has a steady suppl... | [
"Economics. That plane was awesome, but very expensive to fly. Fuel costs increase quite a bit when you get above the typical cruise speeds of subsonic airliners (~0.8 mach). When you consider the small number of seats they could get into it, it made tickets very, very expensive, and the airlines just weren't makin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does a computer tell us how much battery percentage is left? | [
"They use a method called \"Coulomb counting\". Imagine you bought a wallet to store your money. You know it's empty. Now you put $100. You know, the wallet holds $100. Then you stopped by a gas station and spent $20. Now, even without looking, you know that there are currently $80 in your wallet. Coulomb counting ... | [
"Voltage degrades at a predictable rate based on how much juice is left in the battery. By measuring how far the voltage has dropped, you can calculate how much power is left in the battery. Slick huh?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Is there any motive behind politicians speaking about their families? | [
"There is. When politicians talk about their families we build a weak relationship to them. It feels More personal for us (the viewers/listeners). Some people don't see politicians as normal human beings, but they really are. When they talk about their families we get reminded that they are people as well, which is... | [
"Whether right or wrong I wont get into, but it is their way of showing their dissatisfaction with the country."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is that "feeling" you get in the pit of your stomach? | [
"> \"Our gut, AKA the gastrointestinal system, is comprised of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon. It is lined by mucous membranes and wired by a complex of neurons more numerous than the spinal cord. These neurons are called the enteric nervous system, and some scientists think the gut has a mind of... | [
"It's the same sort of irritation that you feel in your mouth and throat when drinking hard liquor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Science:"
} |
Why are humans required to eat a diet seemingly so much more complex than animals? | [
"In essence our diet isn't that complex and for thousands of years we got by on a much smaller range of foods. The diversity in many different food sources is mostly a luxury in that regard. > there something different between us and most animals who seem perfectly happy to live off a small range of food sources? ... | [
"It’s very possible. And despite what others are saying: There is no need for nutritional carbohydrates. The body can make as much glucose as it needs from other energy sources. There is no need to eat the whole animal. The fact that peoples which have a traditional diet of all meat tend to eat the whole animal jus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do my cock and balls seem to be acquiring an increasingly healthy tan as I get older, despite their very limited exposure to daylight? | [
"No seriously. Someone smart please answer this. Why is my genital skin darker than most all of my other skin. And darkening as I get older"
] | [
"because they aren't exposed to direct sunlight very often. If you lay out with your palms up/lay face down with the soles of your feet directed at the sun for a prolonged period of time, they would get burnt, just like any other part of your skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Could someone please explain some of the most common Reddit abbreviations? | [
"IQTMPOA I've quietly taken my pants off again."
] | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about finance:"
} |
Why are high speed cameras so expensive? | [
"1) Specialized pieces of equipment tend to cost more no matter what you're buying - smaller volumes = higher costs. Plus, they can sell them for more because companies are willing to pay more if the return on investment is good (see below). 2) You need some decent processing firepower to move that much image data ... | [
"They're really, really, really, really slow. Compared to pretty much any other means of transportation, at least."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does paper make so much noise when crumpled? | [
"Other materials that are shaped like a semi-rigid sheet will make similar amounts of noise when crumpled: aluminum foil, thin sheets of plastic, etc. Each bend that you make in the sheet causes vibrations in it, and the vibrations are amplified similarly to how the (paper) cone of a speaker in your stereo makes lo... | [
"Take a ketchup packet, fold it, and squish it back and forth from side to side. Hear that? It's pretty much the same- the sounds come from gas and liquids getting squished through your intestines by peristalsis."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are more and more laptops coming with out a dvd drive? | [
"Pretty much the same reason more and more started coming without a floppy drive 15 years ago. Between huge flash drives and fast online storage, it's a dying medium."
] | [
"Business laptops are often made with better quality components and have more features. Business laptops tend to last longer than consumer home grade laptops. Some common features of business laptops: better keyboards, fingerprint scanners, better viewing angles, replaceable/upgradable batteries, and they are gener... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If we were to replace our neurons one by one with exact copies, would we still be "us"? | [
"In a more philosophical sense the dilemma you're describing is known as the [ship of Theseus](_URL_0_). If you're asking if neuron replacement is possible the answer is \"hell no\" in the foreseeable future. Humans have some 20 billion neurons, each of which connects to thousands of others. Trying to replicate tha... | [
"It means they imagine that immortality could be achieved through making a digital replica of your consciousness, as opposed to achieving the physical immortality of your body or brain. I would give it a go if I were about to check out anyway, but I don't believe it would really be 'me', since both my own consciou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
why is it that our minds can blindly know where all the keys are on a key board, making us able to type fast, yet if you were to ask someone to draw out and label a keyboard, they would likely have a hard time doing it? | [
"So learning to type depends a lot on muscle memory. That is- when you repeat a motion many times your nervous system adjusts and gets used to that pattern so you can do it again quickly. So more so than learning the position of each letter on the keyboard, you're really learning the movements you have to make with... | [
"I barely remember my passwords at all, I rather have muscle memory. I can't tell you what my email password is, for example, without having a keyboard or at least imagining a keyboard and seeing where my fingers are going. If we always put a password in the same way we remember the motions of the fingers more than... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Cognitive psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Cognitive psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Cognitive psychology:"
} |
What is it about alcohol that causes some people's faces to turn red and feel warm? | [
"This is a common reaction for people of Asian ancestry. It has to do with lacking an enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase. It means the person does not metabolize alcohol easily. They get drunk easier. _URL_0_"
] | [
"The face thing is easy. Blood rushes to the face and for some it is blatantly visible. There is no medical/biological reason why when we're sad we cry though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Biology:"
} |
Cooking term: breaking sauce | [
"When making a sauce like hollandaise, the butter and egg yolks can separate, or the egg yolks can scramble and become solid."
] | [
"The heat of cooking denatures proteins, such as a cooked egg transforming from a gel like liquid to a semi-solid. Breaks down cell walls and makes vegetables softer and easier to eat. Gelatinizes starches such as in gravies, and pastas. The heat may caramelize sugars such as the browning of breads, cooking of onio... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do different U.S. states have different start dates for back to school? | [
"It can differ even from school district to school district! Education policies are set at a local and state level, not federal. State sets things like number of days/hours of classroom instruction each school year. But actual calendar can be set even more locally. When I grew up, we started the week before Labor ... | [
"There are other things you can't do because of your age. Running for certain government offices, renting a car, just to name a couple."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Education:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Education:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Law:"
} |
How come when you shine a laser the light doesn’t automatically try and spread apart? | [
"Light comes in little packets called photons. These packets can't exactly spread out on their own. They travel in the direction they are emitted in until something like a lense or mirror makes them go a different direction. A laser is set up so that light bounces in a particular direction inside, and this stimulat... | [
"Nothing happens, the two \"beams\" of light go through each other without affecting each other. Otherwise you wouldn't be able to see very many stars!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Astronomy:"
} |
Why, in well over 5 decades, has the United States cut out any major overhaul on infrastructure? | [
"This just isn't true. The US has grown insanely in the last 50 years and grew all the infrastructure to go with it. The interstate highway system expanded tremendously. Ports grew to incredible size and scale, public transport popped up and grew in various cities across the country... oh and cities! Places like Ph... | [
"Because, as a policy, there is little impetus to change it, and what impetus there is is mostly from people with little political power. An often overlooked characteristic of such a policy is that, in it's simplest form, it exempts anyone with no income from fines."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is a promissory note and how/why/when would you use one to buy a house? | [
"A promissory note is related to mortgages and is the official document you sign that the lender keeps to prove you owe them the money and agreed to pay it back."
] | [
"Stock: You own part of the company. If there are 100 stocks, and you own 1, you own 1% of the company. Bond: My company needs $100 loan to do a project. I don't want to get get the money from a bank, so I create bonds. If you buy my bond, I'll pay you back with interest. Securities: Any tradable financial asset. T... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
how is it possible to have millions of different lock and key combinations without having any overlap? | [
"Suppose that a key has 10 different places where differences show up, and each place has 10 different variations. That gives you 10 *billion* possible keys."
] | [
"> Does every single car in the world have a unique key? No. There are too many cars and too few combinations. It is possible for the coded chips to have a truly unique combination but the physical keys are reused."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What do large marine mammals drink? | [
"Many marine mammals have a built-in filtration system that allows them to drink sea water and filter out the salt. In addition, they get a fair amount of their water from the contents of prey that they eat, which is often less salty than the water."
] | [
"Because most people don't live where penguins live."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How exactly do brethalyzers work? | [
"For the ones which count as evidence in a DUI, there are two mechanisms which measure the alcohol. One is infrared, the other is electrochemical. One of them falls for the liquor-swishing, the other guards against it. Some of hand-held ones are electrochemical and will be duped by mouth alcohol. But those aren't v... | [
"How do you define your hints of schizophrenia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why hasn't any space program accepted astronaut applicants between the ages 20 and 30? why only 35+ | [
"They want extremely experienced people to admit into years and years of training. There's just no way you're ready for what they want out of you at age 20 and even 30 is certainly pushing it. That said Gherman Titov was 25 when he flew a Vostok mission."
] | [
"November 11, 1918 is when ww1 ended, September 1, 1939 is when world war 2 began, This is 21 years. Most soldiers are ready to fight at the age of 18-21"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When you get a shot, like the flu shot or b12, why do you have to get it in certain areas like the arm? | [
"It depends on what kind of shot you get, but often if you get a shot in the arm it is because it is easiest and least irritating for the patient"
] | [
"The needle has punctured muscle tissue. It hurts worse when you use that muscle. They give you Advil or a generic to reduce inflammation for a reason. Should get better after 2 days"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If artists can draw realistic drawing and paintings, how come there's no good realistic drawings of people from the past? | [
"Most artists nowadays learn about musculature and other superficial human structures. As the knowledge of medicine increased, the level of detail increased. Art is not always \"see and copy\", it's more like \"see, understand, and replicate\". This is the reason da Vinci is considered a pioneer is because he stud... | [
"What color is the skin of most of the people who make and utilize those drawings? Theres your answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Art and History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Art and History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does your phone (or any flat rectangular object, like a credit card) flip on both its x and y axis, when you flip it from just the bottom? | [
"It's called The intermediate axis theorem. Rotating your phone with its axis perpendicular to its face takes the most energy to spin it, because the corners are far from the axis of rotation. Rotating your phone with its axis perpendicular to the narrow usb end takes the least energy to spin it, because the corne... | [
"It isn't left-right reversed. It is front-back reversed. It *seems* like left and right flip because in order for you to normally turn yourself around, you rotate to one side or the other 180 degrees. If you were a being that normally faced the other direction by rolling yourself forward or backward 180 degrees, m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Science:"
} |
How do they stop a large gas main fire? | [
"Depends on the intensity of the fire. Generally they shut off the flow of gas further up the system. Letting the remaining fuel burn off, cooling it with water or foam and sealing the well. There are methods to shutting off fires at oil wells which can involve the use of explosives or other methods of capping the ... | [
"It's new, untested and very hard to remove from a landfill. What if they escape? What if they produce a toxin?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What is a computer server? | [
"A computer. It's a computer that has a whole lot of storage space and a really sturdy processor. It also runs specific software for specific tasks. An office's file server, for example, would be a totally normal computer except it would have, say, four terabytes of storage. That computer goes on the local network ... | [
"How is this different from a standard mutual fund?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
electronic music sub-genres | [
"[Here is a handy animated guide.](_URL_0_) It has descriptions for the primary genres as well as many of the obscure subgenres. And of course, a handful of samples for each category that you can listen to right away. This has been around for at least 5 years and I don't know how up to date it is. But you should be... | [
"there is a subreddit on this :) /r/netneutrality"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are cooling towers shaped the way they are? | [
"_URL_0_ This is probably the best answer you can find. From my knowledge, (assuming you’re referring to ones of the hyperboloid shape found in nuclear plants), it has to do with the pressures of keeping cold air down toward the base, while efficiently evacuating hot air through the top"
] | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do Muslims call their God 'Allah' even though they believe in the same God as do Christians and Jews? | [
"Allah is simply the Arabic word for God. Christians Arabs also used the word Allah to refer to the same God."
] | [
"I am Jewish and went to Hebrew school 3 days per week to learn about my religion and prepare for my Bar Mitzvah. We learned the biblical stories of Adam, Even, Cain, Abel, Moses, Isaac, Jacob, Noah etc. We learned about the holidays - Hanukkah, Passover, Sukkot, Rosh Hashana, Yom Kippur, Purim. All of this content... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why you have to turn off all electronic devices on an airplane. | [
"They don't want you dicking around while they're giving out instructions."
] | [
"We're not supposed to use our phones at gas stations?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How was the first language created and what was used for communication before? | [
"It evolved, gradually, over a long time, it was not created in its full form out of nothing."
] | [
"We have no way of answering this because names existed prior to writing and prior to any known history."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a 'beer belly'? | [
"It's actually a combination of fat from a poor diet and an inflamed liver. Alcohol causes inflammation of tissues, particularly in the liver. Add in a crappy diet with carb-heavy beer, and the gut takes on a swollen appearance. Just a plain old fat belly won't be as round and swollen looking as a beer belly becaus... | [
"What do you mean by the 'earliest breeds'?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
what is conservatism and liberalism? | [
"Do you mean American conservatism and liberalism? Or everywhere else? Because they mean quite different things"
] | [
"The left side of the assemble was for people who support the liberal or democracy *not modern day democracy but for that time period it was radical*. The right side of the assemble was for those who supported the monarchy. This was during the french revolution."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How have there been so few fatalities due to the storm in the Philippines? | [
"This isn't the first time its happened. When you live out on an island in the pacific where these storms happen regularly, you get used to it. Its kind of like how Florida can regularly get hit by high category Hurricanes with minimal (relatively speaking at least) damage, while someone further up the coast gets h... | [
"If you think treatment of animals is bad in China, you have to seriously look at the treatment of people in The Republic Of China."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How does an antenna transmit and receive signal? | [
"/r/hamradio /r/amateurradio /r/askelectronics ^Those folks will LOOOOVE explaining this to you (and much much more. So much more that you will regret ever asking LOL). Edit:formatting"
] | [
"Data is just electricity. Power lines transmit electricity. You just need a device to broadcast and receive it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Technology:"
} |
why can a fan make a room cooler when the room is a constant temperature? | [
"The room doesn't necessarily get cooler, it just *feels* cooler. Transferring heat form your body to the air works best when the air is moving, even if the air is warm your body can sweat and cool itself from the evaporation."
] | [
"The answer is it depends. If the air in the top of the house is warmer then the air outside you will cool down the hus. If the air you let out is colder then the air you let in you heat up the house. To measure air temperature you need to do that in the shades and not in sunlight. Even if the the total temperat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Who is the 'affluenza' teen, and why is everyone pissed about him? | [
"They're up in arms because the court decision at the time effectively said that he is so rich and therefore so out of touch with the concept of responsibility that he could not be held responsible for his actions. Basically that there is a level of \"spoiled brat\" that legally makes you immune to punishment for ... | [
"Mom makes a video of her kid crying about being bullied and made fun of and beat up at school. Mom starts a GoFundMe and makes around 60k. Turns out that the kid actually just got beat up for repeatedly calling people niggers at school. Pictures of him and his family holding up confederate flags are discovered. No... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does thermite work? | [
"Thermite is a mixture of a metal and a metal oxide - a common choice is aluminum and iron oxide. When the thermite is ignited, the aluminum is oxidized and the iron oxide is reduced, leaving aluminum oxide and pure (molten) iron. This reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases heat - lots of heat. The temperature... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How come shoes in sizes 7 and 14 are listed as "special sizes" and also so hard to come by? | [
"This is because in most shops a men's size is from 8 to 13, this is based on average sizes Women's sizes go from 5 to 9. That being said, a women's size nine is the exact equivalent of a men's 7, so maybe try that as you can usually get basic shoes in both men's and women's (converse and vans and what not)"
] | [
"Women's sizes basically mean nothing anymore. They were suppose to be a ratio of bust, waist, and hip and were meant to show a smaller number because it made women feel better about their body. Smaller number is just more appealing than something like inches. They don't seem to be standard at all anymore. Women ju... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If humans get parasites from drinking from streams, lakes and rivers, how did we survive before we could clean it? | [
"Most parasites don't kill you. They can stay in your body for decades; it is not evolutionarily advantageous in most cases to kill its host quickly."
] | [
"Animals *do* get sick from drinking bad water. All the time. They're lousy with parasites. The difference between them and us is that humans know that we can avoid sickness by only drinking clean water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why isn't a zip code enough when entering an address, why must I give my State, City AND zip code? | [
"I'd assume it's a 2nd check for incorrect zip codes... IE: If you're sending a letter to Scruff McGruff in Chicago, IL 60652, and accidentally mix up your 5's and 6's and send it to Scruff McGruff Chicago, IL 50562, (Which is the zip code for Mallard, IA) they can say \"Chances are, it was meant to go to Chicago, ... | [
"License plates are ID for your car... With that information one (with the right tools or methods) can trace it to your ID ie: name, home address etc etc etc..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do flight fares change all the time instead of having fixed fares like buses and trains? | [
"Trains and busses for public transportation are regulated and subsidized by the government. The city or state will have a transit authority or department of transportation negotiate and partially subsidize a fixed price. Public transportation is subsidized by the government as a public service and to encourage co... | [
"Because they want to avoid unfilled seats. They know that 90% of the time, if someone buys a seat from New York to Atlanta, then that person will also buy a seat from Atlanta to New York within the next couple weeks. By making it expensive to buy one-way flights, they lessen the risk of someone buying from them f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What happens to a file after it has been deleted? | [
"It is removed from the active file directory(what you see) so you can no longer find it. Then the spot on the hardrive that stores the data is marked as free space. The data is still there for a little bit until you write somethings over it."
] | [
"The download stores the partial file in a temp folder while downloading it, and at the end, has to move it to the download folder. This takes time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do catholics worship the virgin Mary? | [
"Common misconception that they \"worship\" her, she's just held in really high regard (like a Saint, but higher) as she is believed to have been born without original sin and obviously birthed Jesus, who is an important guy."
] | [
"in context the christian bible forbids the worship of false idols, so they can have paintings of jesus and stuff, but they emphasize worshiping God, not a physical painting or figurine or something. Exodus 20:3 says \"thou shalt not worship any other gods before me...\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is the "c" character with the little squiggly thing at the bottom for? | [
"It represents a \"soft\" c, or S sound in French and Portuguese. (It exists in other languages, but I'm not sure if it does the same thing in those languages) For example, the French word français is pronounced \"frahn-say\" whereas without the cedille, francais would be \"frahn-kay\""
] | [
"Why does this small 'a' look nothing like a small 'a' when you write it...?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can someone be lost at sea with all of the technology and satellites we have now? | [
"> ...pick them up on a satellite... Satellites don't have any special abilities to \"sense\" where people are. Most satellites aren't cameras, those that *are* cameras are in use by spying agencies and they cost a trillion dollars. If those lost people were floating around the Indian Ocean spotting them with a spy... | [
"You'd be surprised how accurate tools like sextants are. They were around for a while before we started building railroads."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Transportation:"
} |
How was code invented before code? | [
"you programmed in binary by flipping toggle switches. after that came punch cards."
] | [
"Please clarify what sort of operating systems you think there were before programming existed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why can't we drill 1m diameter hole above the location of taiwan kids trapped in a cave instead of diving to try and rescue them ? | [
"Experts are considering it... _URL_0_ PS - It’s in Thailand (tropical, touristie place) not Taiwan (political place where people from the old China live)."
] | [
"duuhhhh hire the best big oil drilling team alive to land a ship on it drill a hole deep enough to put a nuke in the middle and the blow it in half narrowly missing earth with both pieces"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
With regards to documentation, what is the difference between "format" and "style"? | [
"It's a little context sensitive but I'd say that document format dictates how your document is structured while style dictates what that structuring looks like. For example my format defines paragraphs, headers and hyperlinks. My style defines that paragraphs have a normal font weight, headers have a bold font wei... | [
"What precisely do you mean by \"artefact\" and \"in use\"?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
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