query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How hard is it to change your name? | [
"In the UK, it's similar to what RabbaJabba says about the US. Here, we call it \"changing your name by deed poll\". You obviously need to prove who you are, and there are rules about what you can change your name to. The really don't care why, although you do have to affirm that you aren't trying to get out of som... | [
"And more importantly how do I get one for myself?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about biology:"
} |
why are certain products designed so differently in different markets? | [
"Some of it is market preferences, which may simply have been set way back when products were first introduced decades ago. Could also do with things like what surfaces get cleaned most — Americans have more carpeting on floors while I think European homes use vacuums on hard floors, drapes, etc. Trucks are a combi... | [
"I think this is because the game is sold in tons of countries and the law are not the same when it come to this."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How Stephen Hawking has managed to survive with ALS for so long? | [
"It is common knowledge that Stephen Hawking died long ago. His chair achieved sentience at some point, critics disagree on when, and is currently posing as the scientist."
] | [
"We don't know, but physicists are working hard to try to find out. Seriously, it's one of the Big Questions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why Google might possibly not go national with fiber when internet is an industry in desperate need of disruption. | [
"They don't have to offer fiber in every single market to disrupt the ISP ecosystem. All they have to do, and all they're trying to do, is embarrass the ISPs into making progress. Google doesn't really want to be everyone's ISP because that's not their core business."
] | [
"Because after the 1996 Telecommunications Act the US gave telecommunication companies tons of money to put the US at the cutting edge of internet tech. However the companies took all the money and brought each other, to the point where most Americans have to choose between one or two ISPs. These monopolies survive... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Where did the idea that classical music makes infants smarter come from, and has it been proven? | [
"There was a study that showed pretty well that listening to music made adults temporarily better at doing a spatial reasoning paper folding task. This sort of melted into \"classical music only specifically makes people smart\" to \"classical music makes babies smart\". It's some pretty big leaps from the origina... | [
"Follow-up question: If it is purely a modern idea, where did this idea come from, and how much validity is there to it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If elephants are being slaughtered for their tusks, why don't reseves remove them without injuring the elephant so the poachers have nothing to slaughter for? | [
"Quite often, poachers don't kill the elephant first-just cripple or sedate as necessary. Removing the tusk is a severe enough injury that the elephant will die from blood loss soon after, while in debilitating pain for the remainder of their life. Keep in mind, they go deep into the elephant's face, often a foot o... | [
"A lot of the time a good percent of the huge fees to go big game hunting is spent on preservation So with the money they get from letting someone kill one animal, they build the infrastructure, like food and pens and anti poacher guards, to save more than one. Additionally, it enourages people to save, preserve, a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What has atmospheric pressure to do with wind speeds and the wind force? More Info In Text | [
"Atmospheric pressure is basically the weight of the column of air sitting on top of you, so it's directly linked to the atmosphere's density. Wind speeds are just, well speeds, it's an important factor but in physics, we know kinetic energy (the energy that an object has due to the fact it is moving) is directly p... | [
"Humidity is the factor along with temperature that is different between the two storm types. Humidity is know to cause headaches. Read the link for a more thorough explanation. _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In terms of web - what is a cache and how does it work? | [
"When you load a web page the server does a lot of work to calculate how that page should look. A cache basically stores the result of that work. If somebody want to load that page again, it doesn't do all that work again, but just delivers the finished result from the cache. Less work for the server = faster loadt... | [
"A website doesn't remember that, the browser does. How they do it varies. It's not safe if other people use the computer really, no."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the Swiss National Bank saying it will buy all other currencies in unlimited quantities? ELI5 | [
"The Swiss Franc is actually too strong verses other currencies right now. This sounds like it would be a good thing and too a degree it is but Switzerland relies on exports as a major part of its economy and if no one can afford your exports then you have problems so they wanted to cap the value of the Franc verse... | [
"Switzerland in 2011 said that no matter what happens, 1.2 CHF will give you 1 Euro. The benefit of this is that currency becomes fixed and easier to control for exporting/importing. Everyone felt like 1 CHF should give you 1 Euro, so when they eliminated the rule, that is what the rate became. * Pros for Franc: T... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is the Middle East perpetually in conflict? | [
"* Muslims have multiple sects and some of the members want the others dead. * Israel and Palestine both feel they have divine claim to the same portion if land. Neither side has a point of compromise and many would rather die than lose. * The US and Russia have enormous monetary interests in the area and use these... | [
"> Why isn’t the U.S. successful at rebuilding areas in the Middle East and North Africa? Because that was never the goal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Politics:"
} |
Why commercial airliners don't use ejector seats? | [
"Two reasons, mainly. 1. They're ridiculously heavy. You're flying, you see. Weight is the opposite of flying. 2. They're ridiculously expensive. Would you pay an extra $10,000 per ticket? More reasons than that, but those should cover the most important."
] | [
"Airplanes are heavy and move extremely fast. A parachute strong enough to stop a falling plane would be impractically large and heavy. Even if you could make a parachute large and strong enough it's more likely the plane would tear itself apart. Parachutes only work at low altitudes and speeds, which is why they d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why does turning on your wifi on your phone, even if not connected to a wifi, help pinpoint your location. | [
"In the background the phone is scanning for which wifi hotspots it can see around you. Given this information your phone can ask Google/Apple/etc over your mobile data connection where hotspots with these particular names are located, these companies will have large databases of such information and can tell you r... | [
"Most phones can use wi-fi just fine on airplane mode. I'm answering this question on wi-fi with airplane mode enabled - it only disables the cell signal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why can it be really bright inside and I can see my phone screen just fine but when I'm outside it becomes hard to see? | [
"It's because the surroundings are really bright, your pupil contracts. This helps you see the surroundings. But your phone can't match the brightness. This makes your phone appear darker."
] | [
"The light on your side had to be darker than the light inside the tank because otherwise it would be very difficult to see in. when it's dark outside you can see in through people's windows, but they can't see you outside."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do airlines force people to keep their seat belts on for so long when people in private planes can lay down, sleep, party, etc.? | [
"Seatbelts aren’t just for collisions or sudden stops while taxiing. They are primarily there to keep you in your seat in the event of bad turbulence. Turbulence can happen suddenly and without warning. If you’re not secured you can easily fly up and hit the ceiling. On your way back down, you can land on another p... | [
"If anything goes wrong on a plane, there's a good chance it's going to happen during take-off or landing. You have to turn off your electronics so that - if anything does go wrong - you'll be able to hear the pilot or flight attendants give you instructions. Your tray table is up so you can stand up and get out of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
When birds fly, do they know where they're going every time or do they just land wherever? | [
"I live near a long string of parks. Over decades I have watcher the behavior of Canadian geese in particular. Groups will do to the golf course or another pond on a regular schedule. They fly a direct route between these locations. They definitely know where they are going. I remember one terribly windy winter day... | [
"Moths, for example, used the moon as a way to orient themselves when flying around. Now when there's a candle it'll think it's the moon and it'll keep spiraling into it and hit it by accident, not because it wants to commit suicide."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Where does the term 'ninja' come from if in Japanese it's 'sasuke'? And is ninjutsu something different in Japanese? Sasukejutsu? | [
"Are you talking about the show Ninja Warrior? That show was called Sasuke. Ninja is a Japanese word, as is the alternate reading, Shinobi. The word literally stems from the character \"endure.\" There's arguments that there was never really a historical ninjutsu, as a distinct art, but that most of the ninja aest... | [
"The first character is kanji for \"watashi\" or \"I\" and the second character is \"wa\" or \"am\". The remaining characters are katakana, and when translated into english is gu-ruu-to or Groot. Japanese isn't my first language so please correct me if i am wrong"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the 1-2-3 on the top row of a phone keypad but on the bottom row of a calculator? | [
"the first phones with an actual keypad used it to match the old rotary phones, which had the lowest number first. calculators existed before that, and had already established the 7-8-9 on the top row"
] | [
"How would you know which button was the bottom button if they didn't put one on?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is inflation and how is it caused? | [
"I'm assuming you're talking about economics. Imagine there's this thing called money that works far better than bartering. Now the amount of money in an economy is not totally fixed. If there is not enough of it, the price of everything goes down. If there is too much of it, the price goes up. Now remember that mo... | [
"In any healthy economy, inflation just happens. There isn't really a point to it because it's just natural. Asking what's the point is like asking what's the point of a mountain, or of mars, or of some natural law. Your question can be split into two separate questions. The first being, why does inflation occur? H... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the search for "intelligent life" so widely talked about and seems to be a prominent goal for NASA? | [
"First of all, you're correct. Finding any life would be a big fucking deal. However, that's actually not very likely to happen. What's much more likely is that we will find evidence of alien technology, such as radio signals or something else that travels at light speed. Remember, any evidence that we find will ha... | [
"The impact of such a discovery would be more in the philosophical and religious communites than in the scientific community. The [Drake Equation](_URL_0_) for decades has been fairly widely accepted among the scientific community. Religious types, on the other hand, have historically taught that Earth is somehow s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about science:"
} |
Why do we use White and Black to describe race when the skin tone is actually Beige and Brown? | [
"(1) Color vocabulary has evolved and expanded throughout time. I highly doubt the word 'beige' was around when this usage was solidified. (2) We do this all time time when it comes to naming binary pairs, in order to easily distinguish them, even when the designations don't match up perfectly. Think about white p... | [
"Nationality, where you are from. Your country, nation, of origin. Race/ethnicity is how much melanin you have and your hair, maybe a few other traits like eye shape. This is based on where your ancestors lived and adapted to the weather. Sun? Darker skin. Dreary weather? Paler skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Social Sciences:"
} |
Why do TV shows do the fake lines on the screens to make it look like a home recorder, when today they look the same quality? | [
"To convey to the audience that the scene is taken with a recorder, in universe. They do a lot of shorthand like that. The \"shink\" sound of a knife being picked up. Dial tones on cell phones. People typing on computers and the individual letters appear on their face. It's not realistic but serves the story."
] | [
"They have rather large production crews that work behind the scenes to do exactly that. It's not like the announcers are doing it. That combined with modern computer technology let them do it in a way that seems rather seamless to the viewer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it wrong to drive using 2 feet? | [
"Because it's bad for your car to have the gas and break pedals pressed at the same time, and it's too easy to do that when you have one foot on each. If you only use one foot for both pedals, you can't press them both at the same time."
] | [
"Why are you allowed to drive a car if you know you can have an accident?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
We are one consciousness experiencing itself subjectively | [
"Here's a short story that I think gets the idea across very effectively: _URL_0_ There might be more 'philosophical' ideas about it out there, but this introduces one idea about it in a very understandable way; with this context, it might be easier to understand the more complex ideas."
] | [
"Basically some people wonder what's the point of existence because they have realized that all matter is merely energy condensed to a slow vibration, that we are all one consciousness experiencing itself subjectively, there is no such thing as death, life is only a dream, and we are the imagination of ourselves"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why the smoke curling off the tip of the cigarette is blue, but when you smoke the color of smoke is white? | [
"It has to do with the lungs adding water vapor / stuff to the smoke which affects its Rayleigh scattering. Walter Lewin has a nice demonstration/explanation of this in one of his MIT lectures. [_URL_0_](_URL_0_). (the smoking starts at about 3:30)."
] | [
"It literally goes up in smoke. It's the fuel that allows the flame to burn, drawn up the wick, which isn't just a clever name... When it cools, it settles into soot that makes a fine layer of dust everywhere in your house. Burning enough candles will cause a noticeable increase of dust in your house."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's the behind the meaning of a "neckbeard"? | [
"A decent beard should be, to at least some degree sculpted or manicured. Just basic hygiene really. A \"Neckbeard\" refers to someone who has a beard not because they want one, but most likely simply as a result of inattention to grooming. Usually paired with wrinkled, smelly clothes, a surly attitude, and poor s... | [
"I'm sorry, but what do you mean by the \"failure\" of Citizen Kane?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
how is it technically possible for Lance Armstrong to have Doped when he passed over 500 tests throughout his career? | [
"Other riders who did get caught also passed hundreds of tests. Armstrong just failed one less than they did."
] | [
"Because contrary to Hollywood makes people believe. Its rather hard to determine if a liquid contains a specific chemical. Also, these days certain doping is taken during preparation/training, and is no longer in their system during the actual contests. This is why athletes need to make their location known at all... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how the Nazi identify the Jews in the holocaust | [
"That's part of it, but they also checked public records of lineage and church records. Most Jews didn't think anything about the government knowing they were Jews before Hitler. Many Jews had names that made them easy to identify, like names ending in Stein or Burg, which were disproportionate compared to similarl... | [
"Not just Jews at all. Gays, Jehovah's Witnesses, Freemasons, Communists, Gypsies (Roma) Ethnic people living on other peoples lands (i.e Ethnic Poles living on German land etc.), the Physically and Mentally disabled. Hitler by all means didn't only go after Jews. He actually sympathized with the Zionist movement. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
when my phone is fully charged it tells me to unplug it to save electricity. Is it actually more efficient to run it off the battery? | [
"power is being converted by the transformer even when it is plugged in and being converted to heat, so yes sort of."
] | [
"it depends on the size of the battery. ideally you charge things until they're full, and then unplug them. things like smartphones and tablets are designed with being charged overnight in mind. the main thing people do they shouldnt, is leave their laptop on charge 24/7. that very quickly renders the battery usele... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why Words With Friends is not being sued by Scrabble? | [
"Hasbro probably doesn't have a patent on the concept behind the game. Edit: _URL_2_ \"The board is laid out slightly differently and the letter point values are just different enough to make it hard for Scrabble to prove copyright violation.\""
] | [
"Question 1: Am I a celebrity? * Yes: Move onto question 2 * No: Who gives a shit about you? Question 2: Do I like to look terrific in photographs? * Yes: Move onto question 3 * No: Use your iPhone for nude selfies Question 3: Do I mind being raped? * Yes: Call Annie Leibovitz * No: Terry's your man!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Do twins get concieved from the same singular sperm that reaches the egg first? | [
"There are two types of twins, identical and non-identical (fraternal). Identical twins form when a single sperm fertilises a single egg, but somewhere, early in foetal development it splits in two and both continue developing into children, resulting in two children with identical DNA. Fraternal twins form when tw... | [
"yes and or no. So twins are born at the same time and can be identical or fraternal. fraternal twins are genetically siblings, while identical twins have identical DNA. Fraternal twins happen when two separate eggs are released and fertilized very close in time to each other so they both attach to the womb and ar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do newly released blockbuster films only circulate on the internet when they have been released on DVD? | [
"Sometimes they are, but it's rare. Before DVD release pirates have to rely on cams, which are of questionable quality. Also, it's not really worth the time and effort to steal one of the theaters copies. Getting caught is too easy."
] | [
"They have different content. Hulu is running TV shows right after their TV run. They pay for their licensing using an ad. Netflix is a substitution for DVD's, so you generally don't see anything on Netflix until it's been out long enough to be released on DVD."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do guys insist on sending unsolicited dick pictures. Does that ever REALLY work? | [
"Men are very visual creatures, and quick to arouse. A man can go from no arousal to immediately turned on just with a quick flash of a girl's boobs. As a result of this nature, many men don't grasp that women don't work the same way, and aren't interested much in seeing a dick unless already aroused. Combine that ... | [
"I find nothing more attractive than a girl telling me what to do to make her feel good. I don't see why people hesitate about doing that. You obviously know how cunnilingus is done. Show the man for christ sake! As for vaginal pain. Lube and slow pacing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some people "naturally smart" and seem to get through academics/life in general with ease? | [
"As someone who went through school pretty easily without ever really trying all that much, the key to my success, or what makes me \"naturally smart\" is my ability to memorize things quickly and relatively easily. It made cram sessions for tests much easier, and resulted in me doing well a lot of the time. The wa... | [
"No, you can be super smart and not put in the work for homework/projects/etc, so your grades will suffer even if you do well on the exams. On the other hand, you can study your butt off if you’re not as naturally gifted and do much better than smarter people."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why don't phones just capture video in horizontal mode no matter which way you hold it? | [
"The actual sensor in the phone that captures the image is itself also rectangular - in the same direction as the phone screen. To make the phone record video in horizontal mode when it is held vertically would result in using a lower resolution, as it would require ignoring a large portion of the sensor (keeping i... | [
"> do my friends see me the same way I see through a mirror? No. You see your reflection as apparently flipped from left to right (the reality is that it's flipped front to back, but for all practical purposes, you can treat it as being flipped left to right). People looking at you directly don't see a flipped imag... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How can a ziplock bag seal tight enough to hold water, but you can smell marijuana through it easily? | [
"Water is a special substance with a high surface tension. That means that water molecules have a firm grip on each other, and it takes significant pressure to push then through a tiny hole because they have to loosen their grips to fit through one at a time. Odors are gasses, and gasses love to drift around bumpin... | [
"Nothing. Imagine if you put a bunch of chicken breasts in a ziplock bag with bit of marinade, then pushed all the air out and sealed it. There should almost never be air in your actual abdominal cavity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
The difference in the types of guns (revolver, pistol, rifle, shotgun, etc) and what the numbers (.32, .22, .45) in their names mean | [
"A revolver is a handgun where the bullets are stored in a circular cylinder. A pistol is a handgun where bullets are typically stacked vertically in a spring loaded magazine. A rifle is a long gun that shoots solid bullets. A shotgun is a long gun that shoots a bunch of small pellets. The caliber (.22, etc) is the... | [
"I assume you mean a self-loading pistol (like a common semi-auto Glock.) One advantage is that semi-auto weapons can be prone to jamming, whereas revolvers don't necessarily have that issue in the same way. There are many more working parts in a semi-auto than a revolver, so fewer parts to break / wear out. And be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens if I bring a plant with a seasonal lifecycle indoors? Will it skip its dormancy or die out of confusion? | [
"That depends. Plants are numerous and very diverse. The easiest example I can think of is the Venus Fly Trap. The biggest mistake short of not giving them full sun is that people bring them indoors to keep them warm over the winter. These plants require a cold, relatively dark winter dormancy or they will die of s... | [
"Trees don't own calendars so they have no idea what the date actually is. Trees that change during the seasons (like dropping their leaves during winter, flowering in spring, etc) usually do so based on environmental triggers (like changes in temperature or the amount of sunlight) So when these are flipped by chan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't submarines have cameras mounted on the outside to aid in the use of sonar? | [
"It gets dark underwater really quickly. Without a visible light source, you probably wouldn't see more than a few feet, which is vastly less than what sonar can give you. And that's assuming you got clear water, which usually isn't the case."
] | [
"Basically because nobody shoots at them visually any more. They are much more concerned with making themselves invisible to lasers, radar, and heat-seeking missiles."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does my room not stink to me, but when my mom walks in she thinks it's horrible. | [
"Animals rely on scent as a sense to understand their surroundings. Take a poodle, give it a perfumed bath, and it'll still sniff that fire hydrant given a chance. Take a retriever, have it roll in a carcass that it uncovered somewhere, and it'll still be able to whiff out a concealed hot dog. Our mammalian brains ... | [
"You're desensitized to your own saliva. Just like a dog owner (I'm one) doesn't think their house smells like dog, but anyone without a dog smells it as soon as they walk in the door"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why should the ex-partner of a marriage get half of their ex-partner's business when they divorce | [
"The reasoning is that if you share your life with someone then anything you do during that time is made possible by their support. For example if your wife is a stay at home wife and your a business man making lots of money, the reasoning is that you would not have the same amount of time to dedicate to work if yo... | [
"She isn't entitled to 50% of the husband earnings. Each spouse gets 50% of the **family's** earnings during the time they were married."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why are alleged sexual assault victims subject to publications bans during trial but not the accused? Should not all parties have anonymity until a verdict is determined? What’s the legal reasoning behind it? | [
"I have always wondered this myself. Several lives have been ruined by false accusations long before a verdict is reached. Sad really."
] | [
"Because our judicial system is based on the premise of presumed innocence and provable guilt. In order to protect wrongly accused innocent, prosecutors must support their case with evidence. If we play fast and loose with the requirement for proof with this case, then it could happen with another case that is not ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it obvious when someone deliberately avoids looking at you? | [
"There are very few people who can exude a natural demeanor when they are actually forcing it. Basically, they are trying to physically fake what they think they look like when they aren't paying attention to a specific stimuli. It's easy to spot because people aren't good at this and it's apparent in their face, b... | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Knot, as a unit of speed | [
"If you represent the earth as a circle containing 360 degrees, a nautical mile would be one minute (1/60) of a degree. A knot is one nautical mile per hour, or one minute of a degree per hour. Very useful."
] | [
"It is a measurement regarding the ability to do work. Not a magical cloud."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does intense hunger sometimes cause nausea? That seems like the opposite of what should happen. | [
"Because your body is trying to encourage you to eat! Here are the two possibilities I've read about: According to when you eat, your body will release a hormone called Ghrelin which makes you feel like you're starving, possibly to the point of feeling nauseated. So if you normally eat every four hours and you miss... | [
"A lot of the feeling of hunger is the stomach contracting. While you're asleep if pretty much finishes contracting so you feel the hunger less. There are other aspects to it but that feeling of contraction is the usual initial indicator that you're empty and need some food."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do most SUV's, Hatchbacks, Station wagons, Vans all have rear window wipers, but almost ALL sedans, never do. | [
"I think I know the answer to this one! The near-vertical boxy non-aerodynamic shape on the rear of SUVs vans etc tends to cause dirt from the road to end up on the glass, sedans don't suffer from this effect as much."
] | [
"Gives you the room and capabillity of an SUV (that was already super popular) but gives you better gas mileage more like a standard car. Crossovers make good family cars. As in room for the parents and kids etc and have plenty of room to throw stuff in with them. This is why SUVs were popular before crossovers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does the "Night Shift" feature on an iPhone actually do? What are it's benefits? | [
"it basically reduces the amount of blue light that's displayed by the display when the ambient lighting is low. blue light can interrupt sleep patterns and is generally bad for your eyes in low light."
] | [
"If you have an iOS device, use an app called Sleep Cycle. Its really changed my life!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
why is the reverse side of a coin called "tails" ? | [
"Typically the other side has someone's head on it, so the opposite of \"heads\" being \"tails\" is rather fitting."
] | [
"Hey! A question I can answer! Possibly but very unlikely, in my early days of coin collecting I bought a lot of these on ebay and they were all fake. Did some research and found out that counterfeiters pump these out by the thousands. Look at the reeding (the lines on the edge of the coin) If they are not even and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we find organs and other insides of the body so revolting? | [
"I would have to say that it's just a natural response. Those things are supposed to stay inside and when they come out your brain just automatically knows something isn't right."
] | [
"Because they closely resemble humans in many ways, like biologically and behaviorally. Plus it's hard to hide ten thousand dead monkeys."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does attraction cloud judgement? | [
"You have a reproductive instinct that drives you to breed. It is outranked only by basic survival - the hierarchy of needs (air, water, food, shelter.) Genetically, reproduction is your one and only purpose beyond survival, and even the quality of your attempt (i.e. fitness of mate, personal success) is secondary ... | [
"How do you define your hints of schizophrenia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is the difference between a budget car tyre and a premium brand. What happens during the manufacture of them to make such a noticable difference in grip? | [
"First you have the rubber; what ingredients are used? The natural rubber can have several qualities, everything from pure condom rubber to rubber with sticks and insects in it. Then you have the additives, what proportions are used? Sulfur and stuff. Porpotions between natural and synthetic rubber. The best premiu... | [
"High quality gas has detergents in it that can improve performance and engine lifespan. Low quality gas has poorer quality control and can lead to poor performance. Whether advertiser's claims match up to these, that's anyone's guess. But it is not impossible for one brand of gasoline to be better than another."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is being fat less attractive? | [
"I read somewhere once that attraction has a lot to do with a primal/subconscious desire to pick a mate based on chance of success for offspring. Like a woman would want a muscular man because her children could be strong. So maybe more obese people would be unlikely to out run danger and therefore not a good choic... | [
"Asian men are far less attractive to White women than Asian women are to White men."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does wrinkle-free clothing work? | [
"Fabric wrinkles because the chemical bonds that hold it in place are broken by heat and water. When they dry and cool the bonds reform and they get stuck in the new shape. Different materials are more or less susceptible to this. Polyester for example is not so bad. But it not so nice to wear. For example: Water b... | [
"The gloves may soak in moisture, which makes your hands cooler. Better gloves are moisture resistant."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why are computer viruses being created and spread? Do they have a function other than wrecking computer software? | [
"Several reasons: Wrecking software just for the sake of it would be one. Also, give me money and I'll restore your software back. Gaining control of computer resources to make them work for your own interests would be another. Obtaining personal information such as log-in data to email or bank accounts is also ve... | [
"Depends on what it does. Some malware is designed to make the creator money. This includes things like the \"scareware\" programs that pop up, tell you that you have a virus and need to pay them $30 to clean it up. There are also viruses that try to steal your credit card information when you shop online, so they ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
Why dont other countries have military bases in the US, While the US has bases in many other countries? | [
"The US has a huge military force with the primary mission of projecting force worldwide. Most other countries have comparatively small forces with a mission of only local self defense or regional force projection. Local self defense obviously does not require bases half the world away. Many countries also depend o... | [
"They want the island's for multiple reasons. 1. With control of the islands they can control the shipping route that goes through the region. If they control the route they can enable taxes on the trillions of dollars that go through it every year. 2. They can build military bases for things like, refueling, extra... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How did the word sanction come to have two completely different meanings: 1. to approve something and then 2. A threatened penalty? | [
"It comes from the root (Latin) sānctiō, meaning \"a law or decree that is sacred or inviolable.\" The **verb** sanction still essentially means the same thing for the positive or negative - to 'sanction' something is to give it official approval. So technically the **noun** also means the same thing - a rule or de... | [
"Inter- is sort of a weird prefix that can mean \"between\" or \"among.\" For example, international means between nations and interdependent means dependency among entities. So intermarriage could be marriage between groups or marriage among a group. If you want to get specific, it's probably better to say somethi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it that mirrors flip images horizontally (i.e. Left to right) but not vertically (up and down)? | [
"They flip front to back, up remains on your up, and your left remains on your left. You just see a face in the mirror and assume that you must have rotated, since you have an arm on your left and an arm on your right, you assume that they were swapped since that's the only way people can do that in real life. You ... | [
"As they say, [a picture says a thousand words.](_URL_0_) Ignore the middle of the image, just look at the top and bottom and how the colours correspond to each other. In short, it's flipped upside-down and left-to-right. The area of the brain dedicated to processing the central vision (what you're using to read t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does inhaling helium from a balloon make your voice sound high pitched like a cartoon character? | [
"Helium is 6x less dense than oxygen, so the sound waves travel through them faster and you sound like a cartoon character speaking quickly. Fun Fact: Sulfur Hexafluoride is 6x more dense so it'll make your voice sound slower."
] | [
"After sleep, your vocal chords are relaxed. This makes your voice deeper. Think of a guitar, if you loosen the strings the pitch becomes lower. It's kind of the same thing with your vocal chords."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why does most graffiti look similar? | [
"It looks similar to you because you haven't learned how to distinguish styles or quality. If you had, you'd be able to pick out good from bad."
] | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When scientific papers refer to the mass/size of the Mt. Everest (to compare), what numbers are they actually taking? | [
"This is why *real* scientific papers use actual numbers and actual units, not \"as heavy as a fully loaded 747\" or your example. There is no official answer. They're winging it."
] | [
"I would like to see some of the methods for determining the properties of astronomical bodies, how redshift is calculated, spectrograph readings and maybe how the mass of the visible universe is calculated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
If a handheld GoPro can record at 4k resolution, why do movie and television productions use such large cameras? | [
"Resolution does not necessarily mean quality. Professional cameras have far more in terms of customization (e.g. swapping out lenses or changing the filming modes) and quality (e.g. quality of footage shot in less-than-ideal locations and color balance/depth.) Microphone quality is also a major factor. GoPro came... | [
"The camera isn't that good, I have the 1080p version from a few years ago. Compared to the GoPro Hero 4 Black, it really pales in comparison to color accuracy, dynamic range, light sensitivity, etc. To answer your main question, cramming a bunch of pixels into a small camera does not result in good images. Some ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The guy that spent $700 at a vet who couldn't find what was wrong with his cat, only to have a different vet immediately know what's wrong, are there any consequences for the original vet? | [
"Basically no. If a professional carries out their duties to the best of their ability with no intent of fraud then you should have picked a better vet. They can be sued but as long as the vet wasn't negligent the suit wouldn't be successful."
] | [
"Oh, I know that pain! It's the pain you should ask your doctor about instead of internet strangers. But seriously, even if there were a doctor on ELI5, it is impossible to diagnose someone over the internet. If it feels like something is wrong, talk to your doctor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
what would the Catholic Church do if Jesus came back? | [
"Probably flip a shit, when he turns out to be brown."
] | [
"Because it is a satirical figure meant to offend and mock people with religious beliefs. Remember no matter who your invisible friend is he is better than anyone else's invisible friend."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Religion:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Religion:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Where does award money on game shows come from? | [
"The TV company producing the show. A game show usually has significantly lower costs than a normal show, the only have to pay the salary of the host, there is only one set and very little special effects. That allows them to spend that saved money on prizes."
] | [
"Most police departments are taxpayer funded. Where do you think the money is going to come from?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I'm 27/m. How can girls on "The Bachelor" be ok with dating a guy who's making out with 20 other girls and in fantasy suite when there's 3 girls? | [
"Most of them aren't. That's pretty much the entire plot line of the show. Jealously, cat fights, and falling in love for the \"right reasons.\" The show has it all--except reality, basically."
] | [
"It's biologically programmed. Look any literally any other species that reproduces via mating, as soon as they're ready to reproduce they just go at it > I'll admit that I've felt uncomfortable at myself for taking second glances at high school kids as an adult) You shouldn't feel uncomfortable. Assuming that it ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Thunder and lightning | [
"Light travels at 299,792,458 meters per second. Sound travels at 343.2 meters per second. Since light is so much faster than sound, you see the lightning much sooner than you hear the thunder. It simply takes the sound longer to cover the same distance. The farther away a lightning strike hits, the longer it takes... | [
"Adrenaline kicking in for flight or fight response."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How are popular animated TV-shows made these days? Who draws all the frames? | [
"Some are still produced in the West, usually with computer technology as a major enabler using tecniques like keyframing (animators work with a small proportion of the frames, and computers \"fill in the gaps\" using mathematical interpolation). One example would be [Friendship is Magic](_URL_1_) which is produced... | [
"People's tastes have changed. The demographic which these movies are aimed at have likely never seen an actual drawn animated movie like the Lion King. Plus, it is a lot quicker, and likely cheaper in the long run, to do everything with computers now."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why did Apple buy Beats? | [
"_URL_0_ Nobody really knows, but the talks are happening. I personally think Apple made a mistake. Unfortunately Apple is getting a notorious reputation for coming out with stale ideas and overpricing (not to mention that older generations have latched onto Apple - making younger generations shy away). If they ca... | [
"Are all of your electronic made by Apple?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Hat happens to water/food when it falls in the lungs? | [
"A small amount of water will usually be okay provided it wasn't contaminated with bacteria. The tissues basically just absorb it. Food almost invariably results in something called aspiration pneumonia, basically it makes your lungs really sick from bacterial growth, and because of that your entire body responds a... | [
"1: where is the visual representation? 2: Are you talking about when the water pours backwards out of the glass and dribbles down it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do anti-malware programs determine what is malware and what isn't? | [
"Depends on the type of Anti-Malware program it is. The first kind of protection is signature based. This means that there is some database that exists that lists the signatures of known malware and if it's detected, the program is notified. So this only works when the malware is known to exist. The second is ano... | [
"You get computer viruses from another infected computer on your network, or by getting tricked into installing it yourself. Viruses are only one part of the malware family, though. There's also trojans, worms, rootkits, spyware, and adware."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
The difference between an exonym and an Anglicized word. | [
"Ok, Exonym is the general term for a external name for a geographical place that's solely used out side of that place. Anglicize is the specific example of Exonym."
] | [
"The compound word *ekename*, literally meaning \"additional name\", was attested as early as 1303. By the fifteenth century, the misdivision of the syllables of the phrase \"*an ekename*\" led to its reanalysis as \"*a nekename*\". Though the spelling has changed, the pronunciation and meaning of the word have rem... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do they get the Stripes on the grass on a baseball field and on golf courses? | [
"I think the strips being referred to by the asker are those vague, nebulous stripes you get from mowing in opposite directions on different passes over the field. Golf courses don't have painted stripes, but they do have the swaths of different colored green -- I get the same stripes when I mow my back yard."
] | [
"How do you even take a picture of the center of a tornado?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does HR universally suck at all midsize/big companies? | [
"HR tends not to attract the best and brightest because it's mostly an administrative role. In a big corporation, HR is probably the least demanding department in terms of skills. You don't need to be a technical expert in anything like engineering or laboratory folks, you don't need people skills like the sales gu... | [
"Easy. It is not necessarily that they have better IT resources than we have, it's just that IT techs in india will work for much less than IT techs in the US so lots of companies outsource their tech support to indian call-centers because it is easy to outsource those jobs without hurting any sort of customer supp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
- Why can't people that go vegetarian/vegan taste meat again? | [
"It isn't true. They might get a bit of a bad stomach for a day or two, but it won't put them in the hospital. They're just being dramatic. Chances are they eat meat all the time anyway. Survays have shown that the majority of 'vegetarians' eat meat occasionally. Especially when they are drunk."
] | [
"Like you're 5? \"Don't eat bread, pasta, sugar, or other highly enjoyable things. If you like it, and it isn't meat, you probably can't have it.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Difference between Marxism and Cultural Marxism? | [
"Marxism is just a way to describe the world. Cultural Marxism is this paranoid conspiracy theory where, usually right wing nuts, think that people in high positions, such as a university professor or people in charge of newspapers, try to disseminate marxist ideas with the hope of establishing a marxist hegemony. ... | [
"Republican: Economic freedom, social control Democrat: Economic control, Social freedom Facism: Economic control, social control Libertarian: Economic freedom, social freedom"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The rule of thumb is to add acid to water to prevent splashing. What happens when you sip some water and it mixes with your stomach acid? Does the body have biological mechanisms to prevent the splashing? | [
"Water doesn't just free fall down your esophagus, it's sorta encompassed in a muscle Mexican wave. Your stomach isn't an empty chamber with a puddle of stomach acid at the bottom like some people believe either, it's more a hydrochloric acid sack. Even if the water could splash up most of your digestive tract has ... | [
"They contain acid. When you place carbon dioxide (the gas that gives soda its fizz) in water under pressure, some of the carbon dioxide (CO2) reacts with the water (H2O) to form an acid called carbonic acid. It's pretty mild, but it's also unstable and a good knock or even just sitting there once the pressure is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What causes the "drop" feeling you get in your stomach when you experience something thats upsetting? | [
"when you step on a lego your spine sends the 'jump' signal; before your brain gets the 'lego' signal, and this is a survival reflex to keep you from doing stupid shit. basically you have an entire second brain in your gut and spine and sends all sorts of involuntary signals before your brain even knows whats going... | [
"I believe it's really just a heart palpitation... In other words, your heart is racing. I think it's due to your fight or flight system kicking in. It also can happen when you're stressed or having an anxiety attack."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Russia- communist, secular, religious, democrazy? What's their deal? | [
"Autocratic empire until 1917, then communist for nearly 75 years. The USSR collapsed in 1991, and Russia has been an increasingly autocratic semi-democracy since then. Russia is absolutely **not** a communist state any more, and hasn't been for more than twenty years. Putin is the current president, who had a lot ... | [
"China hasn't been communist for a very long time. We call it socialism with Chinese characteristics. A mixed market economy with enough room for both the government and the private sector. It's extraordinary, the sheer number of foreigners who think that China is communist because of the communist party. North Kor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What would happen if an important character on a TV show died mid-filming? | [
"If you watched the sitcom News Radio you'd see an example. Phil Hartman was killed while the show was still in full swing. The writers killed the character off-screen with a heart - attack and wrote in a replacement character."
] | [
"Three possible reasons: 1) The show is on the verge of cancilation and the network decides to air the more exciting and action-packed episodes first in the hope of capturing more viewers. i.e. Firefly, FOX thought the original pilot of was to cerebral so they showed the more actiony episode two first. 2) Something... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
If we're all told to "not be the hero" in dangerous situations, why are we calling the hostage who died trying to wrestle the gun away in the Sydney hostage situation a hero? | [
"He is a hero. You're told not to be a hero because being heroic generally involves taking huge risks which may result in injury or death."
] | [
"They're probably members of a local police SWAT team. They're there because a bunch of people would like to kill him. One of the less-glamorous jobs of law enforcement is preventing suspects from being killed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
what are neutron stars? | [
"> What distinguishes whether a star will becomes a black hole or a neutron star? Mass. A small star will cease fusion and become a white dwarf. One that is large enough to overcome electron degeneracy pressure will become a neutron star. One that is large enough to have its Schwartzschild radius outside itself wi... | [
"Different elements have different light emissions, so by analyzing the light coming from a star or reflecting off a planet, you can tell what it is mostly composed of. Edit: the light spectrum analysis looks like this: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Physics:"
} |
Why do our noses run when we eat spicy foods? | [
"Capsaicin is what makes food taste spicy. When the mucous membranes (mouth, nasal passages, etc) get exposed to it, it irritates them and mucous is produced by the body as a defense to try to flush out the irritant. Same reason your eyes water from dust, basically."
] | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is most of the girls handwriting „better“ than boys handwriting? | [
"I work with kids. Generally, there's a big difference in how girls and boys are socialized in regards to handwriting. I find teachers are often harder on girls who have messier handwriting, while boys are sometimes chalked up to inaccurate assumptions about boys' development and interests. While teaching handwrit... | [
"I was surprised when I found out that Americans apparently DON'T write in cursive, but print. Where I'm from (Germany) it's a bit unusual to find someone not writing cursive. I'd say it's faster, because it \"flows\" more easily, but I guess that's a matter of practice, maybe? Edit: we actually call it \"write scr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are not there just people called Jesus outside the Hispanic countries? | [
"The Iberian peninsula fell under Islamic rule after the Arab Conquest of Hispannia. Muslims love to name their children Muhammad. As a response to this habbit by their Muslim rulers, the Iberians began to name their children Jesus. The short answer is Hispannia fell under Muslim rule, hence they adapt their practi... | [
"Why would you assume that America is like the rest of the world?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I understand that Ebola has been around for a long time, but what caused this sudden spread of the disease? | [
"Unlike previous outbreaks that happened in rural, isolated areas which burned themselves out, this one managed to spread to a large densely populated area with poor sanitation and terrible healthcare services. Throw in poor education, lack of basic knowledge of the illness, superstition, burial rituals that evolve... | [
"It isn't that hard and Ebola isn't a deadly epidemic at all. Ebola is similar to stuff like scurvy or dysentery where they have been problematic for people in the past and if you don't have the equipment or knowledge to handle it it can become an issue but Ebola itself is not that dangerous or deadly especially to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about News and current events:",
"pos": "Represent the document about News and current events:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come you don't get an echo when your phone is on loudspeaker? | [
"That's because they have programmed in a feedback control loop to detect which sounds are coming from the speaker (as opposed to your voice) and which should be echoed and which should not. Lots of engineers worked hard to make this work."
] | [
"If they're using speaker mode, both the mic and the sound from the other person are coming from the bottom of the phone. If it's not in speaker mode, either they're trying to speak directly into the mic so the other person can hear, or they're just weird."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do hard shutdowns work even if device is frozen? | [
"Outside of the parts of the device that can 'freeze', there's a simple switch. This switch cannot be activated easily, as one would reset or turn off the device too often. Instead it's a simple mechanism that's activated by a combination of pressing a particular button for long or combining it with another button.... | [
"Additionally hibernation dumps the contents of the ram to a file on the physical disk before shutting the computer down completely. When restarted the contents are just copied back to ram like the system was never shut down."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do heart rate sensors track your actual heart rate? | [
"Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How do heart rate sensors on wrist watches work? ](_URL_5_) ^(_7 comments_) 1. [ELI5: How do smartwatch heart rate monitors work? ](_URL_4_) ^(_47 comments_) 1. [ELI5: How do the heart rate monitors that clip on to your finger also find oxygen l... | [
"Increased heart rate is not the entire goal of exercise. It's simply an easily measured effect of working out. What your doctor really wants you to do is get an adequate level of exercise and the easy way to measure that you're in the right range of activity is through your heart rate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does it take 3, 5, 10+yrs for some games to come out, such as Fallout New Vegas to Fallout 4 when the games become profitable on mere preorders alone? Halflife 3 would generate billions, yet it is an opportunity no one is pursuing? | [
"Games like Fallout or Halflife are niche genres without much widespread interest, so any additions to the series have to be carefully created and marketed in order to preserve their following while attempting to gather more interest. Games like BF/CoD have a massive following; it doesn't matter if the newest one i... | [
"People don't. Not as much as you might think, but the vocal minority are that, vocal. If they don't like the game, they'll tell you. Basically Fallout 4 didn't really live up to the hype and was disappointing in terms of the RPG mechanics underneath. Some people had said the same about Skyrim, and how the story... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How the hell does Asia have so many people? | [
"Well to start with it's goddamn enormous, so there's that, it's also been populated a *lot* longer... got to remember that Westerners didn't even make it out to America until a few centuries ago, before that the 'Western World' was pretty much just Europe."
] | [
"Why would you think there are any? Have you been to them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does having a Youtube channel with lots of subscribers make you money? | [
"People watch your videos, and those videos have ads on them. You get a percentage of the profit from that ad based on how many people watch the video. There's a good breakdown of how the profit is divided here: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Same way YouTuber's get paid for displaying ads on their channel - because someone is paying them to put it there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
Why has there been such a marked increase in spam/scam phone calls in the past few years, and is there anything that can be done about it? | [
"The level and detail of information about people is so accurate now that these companies can afford to ring you. Before they would need to randomly dial every number for a few hits. Now they can purchase data on things like, people who have had a car crash, people who have bought a PC etc. Our data is everywhere. ... | [
"The plain old telephone system (POTS) is plain and old. It was built long long before we cared about security There's nothing in the system right now to enforce that a number shows up as itself. Many robodialers just report a different number when connecting to the network which makes it appear as though the call ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do the tendons in my foot randomly contract to the point where my toes will curl up? | [
"It sounds like a regular foot cramp to me. I get those sometimes. Maybe you need potassium or something? Are you eating properly? Taking a multivitamin? Do you get leg cramps? Maybe you need electrolytes and hydration. *Edit: IANAD"
] | [
"You're pinching a nerve in your neck. It happens to most people at least occasionally, it's just a nerve in your flesh getting squeezed or pulled a little too hard or too quickly. People also often get the same sort of thing in the bottom of their foot, where it feels like your arch is getting torn apart. I don't ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Anatomy:"
} |
- Does masturbation decrease sperm quality? NSFW | [
"That's bullshit. If anything, masturbation is good for men, as it 'clears out the tubes', so to speak. In fact, \"high frequency ejaculation\" (i.e. 21 or more times a month) reduces men's risk of prostate cancer! [Study](_URL_1_) EDIT: A search on Pubmed returns NO evidence WHATSOEVER that masturbation decreases ... | [
"There is no physiological basis for the belief that having sex in the days leading up to a sporting event or contest is detrimental to performance. In fact it has been suggested that sex prior to sports activity can elevate the levels of testosterone in males, which could potentially enhance their performance. \"... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens to a check after the teller takes it and does the magic? | [
"It's been years ago, but I used to be a proof operator. Essentially the checks, with the deposit slips and cash in/cash out tickets are collected from all branches and sent to the proof operator. That person encodes each item for its individual amount. If you notice when you get look at your check, the amount is e... | [
"Because there’s no one at the bank to process or check the payments and deposits and whatnot. And no one at the issuing bank to verify the money being sent out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is is customary in rap/hip-hop to use a different name? | [
"It's often a part of culture. Especially in the African American community, nicknames are what people are most known by."
] | [
"Hip Hop is an umbrella term that contains a few things: Rap, Break-dancing, Graffiti, and one more that I can't remember off the top of my head. Rap is just a way of performing lyrics, as anything can have rap in it (Nu-metal, some country, pop, etc.) TL;DR : Hip hop is the genre, rap is style of lyrics"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are Russian bombers flying "over" the UK? | [
"They are flying over the uk to prove they can, train their pilots and most importantly test the response time of the RAF. Provides them with valuable information in the event of relations heating up even more than they are! They have been doing this three or four times a year for the past decade, there's nothing n... | [
"Most Likely the US and European Countries in NATO will conduct air raids on Syrian military and government positions like what happened in Libya."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does Sean Bean always die? | [
"He often plays secondary protagonists or villains, both roles that often find themselves with a death scene. John Hurt, Bela Lugosi, and Vincent Price are killed in movies much more often. Then again two of those are famous horror villains so obviously they would die."
] | [
"And who is this Wilhem and why does he scream all the time?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
5th, 6th, 7th, etc, Dimensions... | [
"Whatever you want it to be. You can choose them, but it’ll be hard to imagine a geometry that’ll pass. But the system can be described by equations. Yes, energy can be a dimension."
] | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does baking soda cure canker soars? | [
"It doesn't cure them per-say. But the canker sores are typically infested with bacteria that like acidic environments. Likewise, the pain receptors exposed by the sore will react from acidic things. Baking soda is a basic compound, which means it will neutralize acid, which may both help with killing off bacteria... | [
"I don't know about ant bites. However with the toothpaste if you dab it onto pimples its supposed to dry them out and make them shrink."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
why do mosfets have Gate, Drain and Source rather than Base, Collector and Emitter? | [
"In a transistor with a Base, Collector and Emitter, a small current is used to control a larger current, essentially copying the small current, but *larger*--thus, the transistor amplifies a faint signal into a stronger signal. There's a net flow of current through all three electrodes. In a MOSFET, the purpose of... | [
"I like the water analogy. Think of the flow of electricity like the flow of water: Voltage (Volts):Water pressure Current (Amps):Water flow rate Power (Watts): How fast you can make the water do work, = VxA Resistance (Ohms):Resistance from small diameter pipes Capacitance (Farads):Water tank with rubber shee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
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