query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Most common type of twin pregnancy is : | Ans. is b i.e. Both veex In twins most common lie of both the fetus at term is longitudinal.deg Rarest lie is both the twins transverse.deg Presentations : Both veex (Most common) 60% Veex (1st) - Breech (1Ind) 20% Breech (1st) - Veex (11nd) 10% Both Breech 8 - 10% Note : Interlocking of twins is a rare complication se... | 12,300 | medmcqa_train |
Dohle bodies are seen in- | Muir's Textbook of pathology, edited by J. R. Anderson, 12th edition Answer is option 2, May-Hegglin's anomaly Dohle bodies are intracytoplasmic inclusions seen in mature nuetrophils and are thought to be ribosome containing remnants of promyelocyte cytoplasm. They are seen in May Hegglins anomaly,which is an autosomal... | 12,301 | medmcqa_train |
Thurston Holland sign is seen in ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Type II Epiphyseal (Physeall Injuries o The junction between the metaphysis and epiphysis, i.e. physeal plate/growth plate, is the weakest point of a long bone in children and is, therefore, most vulnerable to shearing forces. o Salter and Harris have classified epiphyseal injuries into five types ? T... | 12,302 | medmcqa_train |
Patients suffering from multidrug resistant tuberculosis can be treated with all the following durgs except - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tobramycin Tobramycin is not an antitubercular aminoglycoside. | 12,303 | medmcqa_train |
Destruction of the enamel knot leads to: | Enamel knot is an important signalling centre for the proliferation and growth of the dental papilla.
Destruction of enamel knot leads to cessation of further tooth development. | 12,304 | medmcqa_train |
A 32 year old high altitude mountaineer is observed to have a hematocrit of 70%. Which of the following represents the most likely cause/explanation | Erythropoietin secretion increases promptly on ascent to high altitude. The increase in circulating red blood cells triggered by the erythropoietin begins in 2-3 days and is sustained as long as the individual remains at high altitude. | 12,305 | medmcqa_train |
Meralgia paresthetica involves? | ANSWER: (A) Lateral cutaneous nerve of thighREF: Differential diagnosis in neurology and neurosurgery: a clinician's pocket guide Page 243Repeat Orthopedics December 2009 | 12,306 | medmcqa_train |
A 33 year old male who was travelling by a flight staed fighting with one of the air hostesses. The man alleged that the airhostess is actually his 'wife' and she has changed her face, so that she cant be identified. This history is consistent with- | Delusions of misidentification Fregoli syndrome: Delusion of familiar person imposing as a stranger and can take multiple different appearances. Capgras syndrome: Belief that a familiar person is replaced by a stranger or a stranger is imposing as a familiar person. | 12,307 | medmcqa_train |
The power of Amnesty for capital punishment is vested with : | A i.e. The president | 12,308 | medmcqa_train |
Early deceleration denotes: | Ans. is a, i.e. Head compressionRef. Dutta Obs. 9/e, p 569"Deceleration is defined as a decrease in fetal heart rate below the base line by 15 beats per minute or more." Three basic patterns of deceleration are observed, each of which has a diagnostic significance:FHR patternFeatureSeen inEarly decelerationDeceleration... | 12,309 | medmcqa_train |
TRUE about ureter's entry into the bladder: 1. At medial angle of trigone 2. At lateral angle of trigone 3. Make an angle 4. Is straight 5. Valveless | The ureters enters the bladder wall obliquely to open into it at an angle of its trigone. Ureter Entry To Bladder Ureteric orifices are placed at the posterolateral trigonal angle. The ureter pierces the bladder wall obliquely, and this provides valve like action ( but not true valve), which prevents reverse flow of ur... | 12,310 | medmcqa_train |
Women with vitamin B12 deficiency presents with dysphagia and anemia. What is the syndrome that describes this presentation? | Classical features of Plummer-Vinson (Patterson Brown-kelly) Syndrome includes dysphagia, iron deficiency anemia, upper esophageal inflammation with web formation, angular stomatitis and gastritis. It usually affects females in their fouh or fifth decade. Esophageal webs are formed at the junction between squamous muco... | 12,311 | medmcqa_train |
The purpose of heating gold foil before condensing is: | Gold attracts gases that render it noncohesive, such gases must be removed from the surface of the gold before dental compaction. This process is usually referred to as degassing or annealing and is accomplished by application of heat. | 12,312 | medmcqa_train |
Cause of Tuberculosis of fallopian tube is due to NOT RELATED-GYN | Hematogenous from other primary sources | 12,313 | medmcqa_train |
Mast cells secrete all except: | Ans: d) Bradykinin When presensitized mast cells bind to new antigens two parallel and independent processes take place:1) Degranulation of preformed (primary) mediatorsi) Biogenic amines - Histamineii) Enzymes - neutral proteases (chymase, tryptase) acid hydrolasesiii) Proteoglycans - Heparin, Chondroitin sulfate2) Sy... | 12,314 | medmcqa_train |
Palmar surface of hand represents: | Ans. A: 1% of total body surface area The use of a patient's own hand as a tool to estimate the area of burn injury is well documented. The area of the palmar surface of one hand has been estimated to be 1 percent of the body surface area. | 12,315 | medmcqa_train |
In hypoxic injury, cornea becomes edematous because of accumulation of: | Ans. b. Lactate (Ref: Yanoff and Duker 4/e p280)In hypoxic injury, cornea becomes edematous because of accumulation of lactate.'Contact lenses are generally very well tolerated, but they induce numerous changes in corneal physiology and the tear film. Decreased oxygen tension occurs with contact lens wear, especially w... | 12,316 | medmcqa_train |
Bullous disease in which autoantibodies are formed against antigens of epidermal intercellular junctions | Bulla development in pemphigus vulgaris is due to Acantholysis, this is disruption of intercellular attachment leading to intraepidermal bullae. Autoantibodies against desmosomal protein-desmoglein-3 mediate the pathogeneis. | 12,317 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following skin conditions are considered as skin markers for internal malignancy except | Acanthosis nigricans, brown to grey - black velvety thickening of the skin in flexural areas, is caused by insulin resistance, obesity, drugs and underlying malignancy (esp. of the stomach and large intestine).Dermatomyositis results from an immune-mediated process triggered by various factors such as malignancy ( ovar... | 12,318 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following two muscles act together for climbing on a tree - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Latissimus dorsi & Pectoralis major * Climbing of tree is helped by:i) Latissimus Dorsiii) Pectoralis major* Latissimus Dorsi is also known as "climber's muscle" or "Tree climbing muscle". | 12,319 | medmcqa_train |
TB hand - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Spina ventosa o Spina ventosa is the name given to tuberculosis of the phalanges of hand.o Shoulder joint tuberculosis, at times, may not produce any pus etc., and hence is called 'caries sicca' and should always be considered in differential diagnosis of much commoner shoulder problem - 'Frozen shoul... | 12,320 | medmcqa_train |
Key hole sign is seen in | Key hole sign - Posterior urethral valve.
Crescent sign - Hydronephrosis. | 12,321 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs deposited in the muscles | (Digoxin) (499-KDT 6th)Cardie glycosides (Digitoxin, digoxin, lanatoside-C, Quabain)* All are concentrated in the heart (~ 20 times than plasma) skeletal muscle, liver and kidney* All are cumulative drugs | 12,322 | medmcqa_train |
Retraction ball is seen after injury' to: | Ans: C (Brain) "Concussion of Brain: Microscopic examination does not show axonal injuries up to 12 hours after injury. After 12 hours, the axons first appear dilated, then club-shaped and finally appear as round balls known as 41retraction balls", which indicates transected axons. The number of retraction balls begins... | 12,323 | medmcqa_train |
Where and when MDG adopted ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., UN 2000 The millennium development Goals (MDG) More recently in September 2000, representive for 189 countries met at the millennium summit in New York, to adopt United Nations Millennium Declaration. The goals in the area of development and povey eradication are now referred to as "Millennium develop... | 12,324 | medmcqa_train |
Organs mostly involved in blast injury ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hollow viscus There is barotrauma to air filled hollow organs. | 12,325 | medmcqa_train |
Respiratory depression is caused by A/E - | Strychnine causes respiratory stimulation.
Other three options can cause respiratory depression | 12,326 | medmcqa_train |
Hair infection with scutula formation is seen is case of- | <Tinea capitis it is is superficial fungal infection of scalp and hair with dermatophytes . Commonest mycosis in children's Fungus grows over scalp and extend down in hair follicles till zone of keratinisation-adamsons fringe. According to the inflammatory component of clinical presentation tinea capitis classified as ... | 12,327 | medmcqa_train |
A patient on a ventilator is having bilateral crepitations in all lung fields. CXR shows the presence of? | Cardiogenic pulmonary edema Non - cardiogenic pulmonary edema Increased CT ratio Kerley B lines Batwing configuration Normal CT ratio Diffuse bilateral infiltrates sparing costophrenic angle Absent Kerley B lines | 12,328 | medmcqa_train |
Known complication of stoma (e.g., Colostomy stomach) | Stomal Complication: Stomas are widely used in the treatment of colorectal, Intestinal and urological diseases An intestinal stoma can be an ileostomy, colostomy, or urostomy, endloop, or temporary or permanent, diveing or decompressing, or continent or incontinent A tube cecostomy and a blow hole are considered tempor... | 12,329 | medmcqa_train |
Which can be used in pregnancy aEUR' | Propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil is the drug of choice for hypehyroidism during pregnancy. Antithyroid drugs in pregnancy Propylthiouracil and methirnezole are both antithyroid drugs that cross the placenta and can lead to fetal goiter. Methimazole has been associated with "cutis aplasia". Scalp defects cloanal atresi... | 12,330 | medmcqa_train |
Not seen in fecal pollution is | The primary bacterial indicator recommended for faecal contamination is the coliform group of organisms as a whole (E.Coli)Supplementary indicator organisms are faecal streptococci and sulphite-reducing clostridia.Park 23e pg: 720 | 12,331 | medmcqa_train |
The annual growth rate of a Country was found to be 1.3, country rating under population growth would be under | < o.5Slow growth0.5 - 1.0Moderate growth1.0 - 1.5Rapid growth1.5 - 2.0Very rapid growthMore than 2.0 is explosive growth.Currently, India has 1.2% annual growth with 132 crores (in 2016)(Ref:- Park. 23rd ed. Page no 481) | 12,332 | medmcqa_train |
Epidemic hemorrhagic conjuctivitis is caused by - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Picornavirus | 12,333 | medmcqa_train |
Most common organism involved in urinary catheter induced urinary tract infection is - | Most commonly involved organism in causing urinary tract infection is E. Coli. Risk factors - More common in females Recent use of a diaphragm with spermicide, frequent sexual intercourse. Maternal history of diabetes ,UTI and incontinence . Obstruction in urine flow(calculi,malignancies) Incomplete voiding(residual ur... | 12,334 | medmcqa_train |
Rh factor is an- | RHESUS SYSTEM. The Rhesus (Rh) blood group systemwas first discovered on human red cells by the use of antisera prepared by immunizing rabbits with red cells from a Rhesus monkey. The Rh allelic genes are C or c, D or d, and E or e,located on chromosome 1. One set of 3 genes is inheritedfrom each parent giving rise to ... | 12,335 | medmcqa_train |
True about Cinacalcet | The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) on the parathyroid cell surface negatively regulates the secretion of PTH. Activation of the receptor decreases secretion of PTH, thereby decreasing bone turnover. Calcimimetics, such as cinacalcet, amplify the sensitivity of the CaR to extracellular calcium, altering th... | 12,336 | medmcqa_train |
Space of Disse is in ? | C i.e. Liver | 12,337 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements is false regarding the drug resistance? | Mutational drug resistance Transferable drug resistance One drug resistance at a time Multiple drug resistance Low degree resistance High degree resistance Can be overcome by high drug dose High dose ineffective Drug combinations can prevent Combinations cannot prevent Resistance does not spread Spreads to same or diff... | 12,338 | medmcqa_train |
Features in retinal detachment all except | C. i.e. Associated with vitreous hemorrhage Vitreous hemorrhage is not a (clinical) feature of retinal detachmentQ. However, vitreous hemorrhage may indirectly lead to retinal detachment by causing retinitis proliferans. | 12,339 | medmcqa_train |
A 40-year-old woman with severe chronic pancreatitis is scheduled to undergo an operation, because other forms of treatment have failed. The ultrasound shows no evidence of pseudocyst formation or cholelithiasis and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram (ERCP) demonstrates dilated pancreatic ducts with multiple ... | If the pancreatic duct is dilated and symptoms persist, a longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy (Puestow) is performed (Figure below). In this operation, the pancreatic duct is slit open and anastomosed side-to-side to the cut end of the divided jejunum with a Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Resection of the pancreas is reserved ... | 12,340 | medmcqa_train |
A pregnant women who is 7 weeks from her LMP comes in to the office for her first prenatal visit. Her previous pregnancy ended in a missed abortion in the first trimester. The patient therefore is very anxious about the well-being of this pregnancy. Which of the following modalities will allow you to best document feta... | Vaginal ultrasound can detect fetal heart action as early as 5 weeks of amenorrhea. With a traditional, nonelectric fetal stethoscope, heart tones can be heard after 19 to 20 weeks gestational age. With appropriate Doppler equipment, fetal heart tones can be usually be detected by 10 weeks gestational age. | 12,341 | medmcqa_train |
Which bone tumor appears in epiphysis? | Osteoclastoma a.k.a Giant cell tumor Occurs at the epiphysis Tumors occurring at epiphysis: Chondroblastoma Osteoclastoma Metaphysis: Osteosarcoma Enchondroma Chondrosarcoma Simple bone cyst Aneurysmal bone cyst Diaphysis (LEMON) Lymphoma Ewing&;s sarcoma Multiple myeloma Osteoid osteoma Admantinoma Ref: Maheshwari 9ED... | 12,342 | medmcqa_train |
Lithium use in pregnancy leads to which of the following effect on baby? | Ans. A. CVS defectLithium is in FDA pregnancy category D, which includes drugs for which there is evidence of human fetal risk, but whose potential benefits may outweigh the risk in some pregnant women. Lithium appears to increase the risk of cardiovascular anomalies in humans (the incidence of Ebstein anomaly of the t... | 12,343 | medmcqa_train |
The national health policy is ba sed on - | The ministry of Health and Family Welfare,Govt of India,evolved a National Health Policy in 1983 keeping in view the national commitment to attain the goal of Health for all by the year 2000.Since then there has been significant changes in the determinent factors relating to the health sector,necessitating revision of ... | 12,344 | medmcqa_train |
During program planning which of the following terms most appropriately defines the desired end result that is not operationally measurable? | Goal is defined as the ultimate desired state towards which objectives and resources are directed. Unlike objectives and targets, goals are not constrained by time or existing resources, nor are they necessarily attainable. A goal is usually described in terms of: (1) What is to be attained (2) The extent to which it i... | 12,345 | medmcqa_train |
Endodermal cloaca gives rise to all of the following except | The pa of the hindgut caudal to the attachment of the allantoic diveiculum is called the cloaca. The cloaca soon shows a subdivision into a broad ventral pa and a narrow dorsal pa. These two pas are separated from each other by the formation of the urorectal septum, which is first formed in the angle between the allant... | 12,346 | medmcqa_train |
A 70-year-old male Rohan with advanced visceral cancer dies of extensive myocardial infarction. Autopsy also reveals sterile non-destructive vegetations along the mitral leaflet edges. The pathogenesis of this patient's vegetations is most similar to that of: | The pathogenesis of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) often involves a hypercoagulable state which is the result of the procoagulant effects of circulating products of cancers the resulting cardiac valve vegetations may also be called marantic endocarditis. The pathophysiology of NBTE is similar to that of Tr... | 12,347 | medmcqa_train |
Duret hemorrhages are seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pons Duret Hemorrhage:* It is the hemorrhage of mid brain and pons secondary to herniation of brain.* This lesion in most cases is a secondary midline hemorrhage resulting from rapid assymetrical herniation of brainstem downwards.* The midline lesion usually involves the mid brain and pons but never t... | 12,348 | medmcqa_train |
Ball's operation is done for : | Pruritus vulvae | 12,349 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are components of APGAR Score EXCEPT: | ANSWER: (D) Respiratory RateREF: William's Obstetric 22nd edition chapter 28 Table 28-2, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apgar_ score"Respiratory effort not rate is a part of Apgar scoring system"APGAR SCORE:A useful clinical tool to identify those neonates who require resuscitation as well as to assess the effectiveness ... | 12,350 | medmcqa_train |
A 24-year-old woman is dipstick positive for blood in her urine. This is repeated twice between menstrual periods and remains positive. Microscopic evaluation reveals RBCs, some of which are deformed and some in the form of casts. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the hematuria? | Isolated hematuria is usually of urologic cause (e.g., tumor, trauma, stone) but can also be glomerular in origin. The finding of red cell casts or dysmorphic red cells (best appreciated by phase microscopy) suggests the source of bleeding is glomerular in origin. | 12,351 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statement about neuromuscular blockage produced by succinylcholine are true except | Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker The only drug still in clinical use belonging to this group is succinylchloline. Mode of action The effects of succinylcholine (SCh)at the neuromuscular junction are depolarizing postsynaptic and extrajunctional receptors, normally, this desensitization process does not occur with ace... | 12,352 | medmcqa_train |
Number of teeth at 7 years: | Ans. 24 | 12,353 | medmcqa_train |
Asbestosis is associated with all except: | (A) Central emphysema# Asbestosis and Asbestos-Related Diseases> Asbestos is a family of crystalline hydrated silicates with a fibrous geometry.> On the basis of epidemiologic studies, occupational exposure to asbestos is linked to> Parenchymal interstitial fibrosis (asbestosis);> Localized fibrous plaques or, rarely, ... | 12,354 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a sign of advanced COPD? | Advanced disease may be accompanied by cachexia, with significant weight loss, bitemporal wasting, and diffuse loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue.Some patients with advanced disease have paradoxical inward movement of the rib cage with inspiration (Hoover's sign)Signs of ove right hea failure termed cor pulmonale migh... | 12,355 | medmcqa_train |
Pathology of Alzeheimer's disease is: | Ans. C: Accumulation of beta-amyloid protein Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a slowly progressive disease of the brain that is characterized by impairment of memory and eventually by disturbances in reasoning, planning, language, and perception. Many scientists believe that Alzheimer's disease results from an increase in t... | 12,356 | medmcqa_train |
A 40 -- years -- old woman presented to the gynecologist with complaints of profuse vaginal discharge. There was no discharge from the cervix on the speculum examination. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made based upon all of the following findings on microscopy except : | Ans. is c i.e. Abundance of polymorphs In Bacterial vaginosis, polymorphs are either absent or there is only a slight increase. | 12,357 | medmcqa_train |
Drug transpo process that requires energy | The passage of substances against their electrical and chemical gradient at the expenditure of energy is called active transpo. (REF: TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY GEETHA N 2 EDITION, PAGE NO - 6) | 12,358 | medmcqa_train |
The impoant light microscopical feature in Alpo syndrome are all, EXCEPT: | The light microscopic findings are not characteristic in alpo syndrome. It will be normal in early years of life. In older patients the changes seen are 1. Interstitial fibrosis, 2. Tubular atrophy, 3. Foam cells, 4. Segmental proliferative The presence of interstitial foam cells has been considered as suggestive of Al... | 12,359 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following has responsibility of data collection for active malaria surveillance at PHC level ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., MO-PHC "The Medical Officer-PHC has the overall responsibility for surveillance and laboratory services, and also supervices the spray". | 12,360 | medmcqa_train |
Bacterial indicator for dry heat sterilization is ? | sterilization control Biological; the spore of a nontoxigenic strain of Clostridium tetani Bacillus subtilus subsp.niger are used microbiological test of dry heat efficacy REF:Ananthanarayan & Panicker's Textbook of Microbiology 9th edition pg no:30 | 12,361 | medmcqa_train |
PA view of chest X-ray is given here. What is the diagnosis? | Given image is showing absent bronchioalveolar markings of right lung with tracheal shift towards left side which is suggestive of right pneumothorax. Pneumothorax: presence of air or gas in pleural cavity Also remember, Deep sulcus sign on supine chest X-ray in expiration phase is a feature of pneumothorax. | 12,362 | medmcqa_train |
The most common complication of lateral condylar fracture in children is: | Ref: Apley's System of Orthopaedics and Fractures, 9th editionExplanation:LATERAL CONDYLAR FRACTURES IN CHILDRENMost commonly around 6 years of age.Most common distal humeral epiphyseal fracture.Milch classification: Two types of lateral condylar fractures.Milch Type IFracture extends medially from the metaphysis into ... | 12,363 | medmcqa_train |
Drugs used for recurrent depressive episodes -a) Imipramineb) Carbamazepine c) Fluoxetined) Na valproate | Amongst the given options, Imipramine and Fluoxetine are antidepressants.
Carbamazepine and Valproate are used for prophylaxis of BPD (not for recurrent unipolar depression). | 12,364 | medmcqa_train |
CA - 125 levels are elevated in | CA-125 levels is elevated in
→ Endometriosis
→ Adenomyosis
→ Pelvic infection
→ Leiomyoma
Although it is a tumor marker. | 12,365 | medmcqa_train |
Pentameric structure ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ig M IgM is a pentameric immunoglobulin with five, four - peptide subunits. o The subunits are joined together by J chain. IgM IgM is the earliest immunoglobulin class to be synthesized by the fetus, begining at 20 weeks of age. As it is not transpoed across the placenta, the presence of IgM in the fe... | 12,366 | medmcqa_train |
Bacterial Index deals with | In leprosy, Bacterial Index is the only objective way of monitoring the benefit of treatment. 0 No bacilli in any of 100 oil immersion fields1+ 1-10 in 1002+ 1-10 in 103+ 1-10 in each field4+ 10-1005+ 100-10006+ more than 1000It is calculated for each site examined an average is taken.Park 23e pg: 314 | 12,367 | medmcqa_train |
A new bom presents with discharge of urine from the umbilicus for 3 days. Diagnosis is | (Urachal fistula) (211,1289- B & L 24th) (776- Nelson 18th) (986-Baily 25th)A persistent urachus (Urachal cyst, sinus, patient urachus or diverticulum) is due to failure of closure of the allantoic duct and is associated with bladder outlet obstruction* Patency should be suspected if a clear, light, yellow urine- like ... | 12,368 | medmcqa_train |
Patient with hemophilia A have bleeding disorder because of | Hemophilia A
X - linked disorder
90% cases - deficiency of factor 8
10% cases functional defect of factor 8
Factor VIII a complex is the most important activator of factor X required for conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. | 12,369 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is a conjugated vaccine : | HIB PRP vaccine (conjugate vaccine) is available for H. influenzae type b.
Currently no vaccine is available for non typable strains. | 12,370 | medmcqa_train |
MHCll positive cells are. Except | Ref Robbins 7/e p203; 9/e p194 Ananthanaraya 7/e p130 T cells platelet and RBC MHC class II molecules are a class of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules normally found only on professional antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, mononuclear phagocytes, some endothelial cells, thymic epithelial ce... | 12,371 | medmcqa_train |
Lithium should be Stopped how many days before surgery | Lithium should be stopped around 48-72 hrs before surgery. | 12,372 | medmcqa_train |
The commonest cause of visual loss in AIDS is which one of the following | Ans. (c) CMV retinitisRef Kanski, p. 442; John Hopkins HIV guide p. 60CMV retinitis is the most commonQ opportunistic ocular infection amongst patients with AIDS and is the most common cause of Visual morbidityQ | 12,373 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is identified by Western blotting | The procedure to separate and detect DNA fragments, termed Southern blotting. The Nohern and Western blot transfer techniques are used to size and quantitate specific RNA and protein molecules, respectively. A fouh hybridization technique, the Southwestern blot, examines protein-DNA interactions. In this method, protei... | 12,374 | medmcqa_train |
Internal thoracic artery is a branch of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1st part of subclavian artery Ref: BDC Vol III 5th/e p. 179]Branches of subclav ian artery :-o 1st Part - Vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, thyrocervical trunk, and on left side costocervical trunk,o 2nd Part -On right side costocervical trunk,o 3rd Part - Dorsal scapular artery. | 12,375 | medmcqa_train |
All are used for treatment of morphine dependence except - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Disulfiram Treatment of morphine or heroin poisoningo Treatment can be divided intoTreatment of toxicity (overdose)o Overdose is a medical emergency, and is treated with opioid antagonist to reverse the complications (respiratory depression) by antagonizing the action on opioid receptors. Intravenous ... | 12,376 | medmcqa_train |
Patient with hemophilia A have bleeding disorder because of: | Hemophilia A - X- linked disorder -90% cases- deficiency of factor 8 -10% cases - functional defect of factor 8 -Intrinsic Pathway affected -Factor VIIIa complex is the most impoant activator of factor X required for conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. -In symptomatic cases there is a tendency toward easy bruising a... | 12,377 | medmcqa_train |
Initial investigation for an amoebic liver abscess is September 2009 | Ans. A: USG Ultrasonography is the preferable initial diagnostic test. It is rapid, inexpensive, and is only slightly less sensitive than CT scan (75-80% sensitivity vs 88-95% for CT scan). Ultrasonography simultaneously evaluates the gallbladder and avoids radiation exposure. As opposed to scanning with technetium-99m... | 12,378 | medmcqa_train |
A patient present painful vesicles in ear, and tongue. He is also complaining of facial weakness and hearing loss. Dignosis is ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ramsay hunt syndrome Ramsay hunt syndrome It is lower motor neuron type official palsy due to Varicella (herpes) zoster. Pain is often a prominent feature and vesicles are seen in the ipsilateral ear, on the hard palate and/or on anterior two third of tongue. It may involve other cranial nerves-V, VII... | 12,379 | medmcqa_train |
Ability of an orthodontic wire to spring back to its original shape is evaluated by: | Popularly, the term resilience is associated with springiness, but it means precisely the amount of energy absorbed within a unit volume of a structure when it is stressed to its proportional limit. The resilience of two or more materials can be compared by observing the areas under the elastic region of their stress-s... | 12,380 | medmcqa_train |
Herpes zoster in geniculate ganglion causes: | Answer is B (Ramsay Hunt sSyndrome): Herpes Zoster of geniculate ganglion causes Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. The Ramsay Hunt Syndrome is caused by reactivation of Herpes Zoster in the geniculate ganglion and consists of a severe facial nerve palsy associated with a vesicular eruption in the external auditory canal and someti... | 12,381 | medmcqa_train |
Transfer of genetic material in between bacteria through pili is termed as: (E. REPEAT 2012) | Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, 8th edition, Ananthna rnyan and Paniker, Pages 63-65Explanation:TYPES OF GENE TRANSFERConjugation: Conjugation is a process of genetic transfer between bacterial cells wherein, a 'donor' bacterium, which contains a plasmid coding for a specialized fimbria called sex pi I us (conjugation t... | 12,382 | medmcqa_train |
The main danger with low tension alternating current is | The main danger with alternative current injuries is from alternating current interactions with normal cardiac pacing It can cause cardiac arrest. The electricity itself doesn't usually cause significant underlying myocardial damage. So resuscitation if successful should be lasting. Ref: Bailey and love 27th edition Pg... | 12,383 | medmcqa_train |
Homonymous hemianopia is seen in: | Ans. Post-chiasmic damage | 12,384 | medmcqa_train |
Multiple trauma patient, first to be managed is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Secure airway [Ref: Schuartz 9th/ep. 136; Sabiston 18th/ep. 483J"The first step in managing an injured patient is securing an adequate airway " | 12,385 | medmcqa_train |
All are intracellular parasites, except - | Leishmania-amastigote-lives in reticuloendothelial cells Plasmodium-RBC Toxoplasma-found in reticuloendothelial cells (refer pgno: 63 baveja 3 rd edition) | 12,386 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about drugs used in Parkinsonism is: | Both entacapone and tolcapone enhance and prolong the therapeutic effect of levodopa-carbidopa in advanced and fluctuating PD Ref KD Tripati 8th ed. | 12,387 | medmcqa_train |
Most common hea disease which is associated with maximum moality during pregnancy | Eisenmenger syndrome This syndrome is secondary pulmonary hypeension that can develop with any cardiac lesion in which pulmonary vascular resistance becomes greater than the systemic vascular resistance and there should also be some right to left shunting. The most common underlying defects are atrial or ventricular se... | 12,388 | medmcqa_train |
The most diagnostic sign of pregnancy is : | Foetal hea sounds | 12,389 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following conditions does not cause right axis detion in ECG ? | The electrical axis of the hea is the net direction in which the wave of depolarisation travels. It is measured using an electrocardiogram (ECG). Normally, this begins at the atrioventricular node (AV node); from here the wave of depolarisation travels down to the apex of the hea. The hexaxial reference system can be u... | 12,390 | medmcqa_train |
70-year-old woman refused to take influenza vaccine, devloped flu. Death happened 1 week after pneumonia. Causes of post influenza pneumonia: | Ans. (a) Staphylococcus Pulmonary complications of influenzae Primary influenza viral pneumonia: Least common but most severe of all pulmonary complications of influenzae Sputum production is generally scanty, but sputum may contain blood. In advanced cases, diffuse rates may be noted X-ray finding shows diffuse inters... | 12,391 | medmcqa_train |
What is electrical storm? | Electrical storm: Condition in which patient develops recurrent V. tachycardia. Cut off >3 episodes of V.T within 24 hrs. Option C: Electromechanical Dissociation: Terminology used to describe rupture hea which causes pulseless BP|| Option D: Electrical alternans- Variations in QRS amplitude in conditions - C. tamponad... | 12,392 | medmcqa_train |
A 20 year old male presented with jaundice for the past 2 weeks. His liver function tests revealed serum bilirubin to be 0.9 mg/dL, SGOT/SGPT to be 1240/1450 IU. He was found to be positive for HBsAg and IgM anti-HEV antibodies and negative for 1gM anti HBc. The most likely diagnosis is | Ans. b. Super infection of hepatitis E virus with chronic hepatitis B infection In the given question, patient presents with jaundice, deranged LFT (raised SGOT/SGPT), HBsAg positive, IgM anti-HEV antibodies positive and IgM antiHBc-negative. As the patient is IgM anti-HBc-negative, acute hepatitis B is ruled out. As t... | 12,393 | medmcqa_train |
Hormonal vitamin is ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Vitamin D Active form of vitamin D i.e. 1-25 dihydroxy-cholecalciferol is a vitamin produced in kidney.It acts on intranuclear receptors to regulate gene expressions (transcription factors). | 12,394 | medmcqa_train |
The sigmoid nature of Hb-O2 dissociation curve is because of: | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Binding of one O2 molecule increases the affinity for next Hb also .Lehninger writes : "Hemoglobin must bind oxygen efficiently in lungs and release oxygen in the tissues, myoglobin, or any protein that binds oxygen with a hyperbolic binding curve, would be ill-suited to this function. A protein that b... | 12,395 | medmcqa_train |
The most common manifestation of moderate/severe hemophilia A is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Recurrent Hemarthrosis Sites of bleeding in hemophilia||||Intracranial (3-4%)Hemarthrosis (80%)Epistaxis oral gastrointestinal bleedingGenitourinarytracto Revatively rate, compared to other sites of bleedingo M.C site of bleeding in ambulatory patientso Joint bleeding characteristic of severe diseaseo... | 12,396 | medmcqa_train |
A 34-year-old man who works as a carpenter presents with symptoms of jaw discomfort, dysphagia, and pain as well as stiffness in his neck, back, and shoulders. On examination, he is unable to open his jaw, his proximal limb muscles are stiff as is his abdomen and back, but the hands and feet are relatively spared. He o... | Patients with tetanus develop hypertonus, seizures, respiratory distress, and asphyxia unless they are treated with diazepam and muscle relaxants. The treatment of tetanus requires diazepam, muscle relaxants, antitoxin, respiratory care, and managing autonomic dysfunction. Antibiotics are given but are probably of litt... | 12,397 | medmcqa_train |
12 years male came with swelling of lower end tibia which is surrounded by rim of reactive bone. What is most likely diagnosis? | * GCT - occurs around 20-40 years of age* Hyperparathyroidism - typically in a female around 30 years of age; presents with lytic lesion* Brodie's abscess - swelling in the lower end of tibia and radiological evidence of cavity surrounded by a halo of sclerosis (rim of a reactive bone) point towards brodie's abscess. | 12,398 | medmcqa_train |
Touch is carried by: | Numerical classification of sensory nerve fibers: | 12,399 | medmcqa_train |
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