query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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The factor which promotes virulence of M. tuberculosis ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cord factor Virulence factors . Virulent strains of tubercle bacilli form microscopic "serpentine cord" in which acid fast bacilli are arranged in parallel chains, cord formation is correlated with virulence. A "cord factor" has been extracted from virulent bacilli with pateroleum ether. It inhibits m... | 149,600 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is consistent with diagnosis of De-Quervain thyroiditis? | De Quervain thyroiditis is characterised by fever, constitutional symptoms and painful enlarged thyroid due to viral etiology. Initially T4 and T3 are elevated due to damage to follicles. RAIU uptake is reduced. Subsequently hypothyroid phase sets in and RAIU becomes normal. Option A is wrong due to increased RAIU upta... | 149,601 | medmcqa_train |
Peripheral blood smear examination of a post splenectomy patient would show the presence of: | In the absence of a functional spleen, nuclear remnants are not culled from the red cells and remain as small homogeneously staining blue inclusions, known as Howell-Jolly bodies. Dohle bodies are light blue-gray, oval, inclusions located in the peripheral cytoplasm of neutrophils seen in infections, burns physical tru... | 149,602 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the most common micro-organism known to cause tropical pyomisitis? | Tropical pyomyositis, a disease often seen in tropical countries, is characterised by suppuration within skeletal muscles, manifesting as single or multiple abscesses. The most common organism implicated is Staphylococcus aureus. In 20%-50% of cases there is a history of trauma to the affected muscles. Commonly involve... | 149,603 | medmcqa_train |
A temporary, provisional view held by the people on a point of view is - | - opinions are views held by people on a point of dispute. - they are based on the evidence available at a time Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 25th edition, pg no:732 <\p> | 149,604 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for treatment of neurocysticercosis is:- | Both praziquantal and albendazole are effective against neurocysticercosis. Albendazole is preferred because of its more efficacy and lesser duration of treatment | 149,605 | medmcqa_train |
Adrenal insufficiency causes: March 2011 | Ans. B: Low blood pressure Features of an acute adrenal crisis include circulatory shock with severe hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and, in some instances hypoglycemia and hypercalcemia. | 149,606 | medmcqa_train |
The commonest cause of Intracerebral Bleed is: | Answer is C (Hypeension): An intracerebral bleed (parenchymal) invariably results from rupture of small perforating aeries or aerioles as a result of Hypeension. | 149,607 | medmcqa_train |
For the prevention of human rabies, immediate flushing and washing the wound(s) in animal bite cases, with plenty of soap and water, under running tap should be carried out for how much time | Local wound Treatment in Rabies Purpose of local treatment is to remove as much virus as possible, from site of inoculation, before it is absorbed on local nerve endings Local wound treatment can reduce chances of rabies upto 80% Immediate flushing and washing wound area with plenty of soap and running water for minimu... | 149,608 | medmcqa_train |
During the ear examination, cough occurs due to stimulation of? | Arnold nerve. It is an auricular branch of the jugular ganglion of the vagus. It supplies the skin of posterior pa of pinna on the medial surface of the concha, and posterior wall of the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane. The auricular nerve is the afferent limb of the Ear-Cough or Arnold Reflex. Ref: Dhing... | 149,609 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a radiological feature of meningioma? | Ans. Decalcification inner table | 149,610 | medmcqa_train |
Gall bladder stone formation in influenced by all except: | Answer is D (Hypercholesterolemia): It is increased concentration of cholesterol relative to bile salts in bile that promotes gall stone formation. Serum cholesterol may well be normal. All ether options are known local factors that promote gall stone formation and hence Hypercholesterolemia is the single best answer o... | 149,611 | medmcqa_train |
First antiboy to appear in hepatitis: | Ans. b. IgM anti HBc | 149,612 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following affect resting ventilation except | B i.e. J receptorTidal volume excessive load is prevented by (or lung maintains the tidal volume by) activation of slowly adapting pulmonary (or bronchial) stretch receptorsQ."Inflation of lungs induces fuher inflation" due to elastic recoil of alveoli. With inflation of the lungs, there is augmentation of respiratory ... | 149,613 | medmcqa_train |
A 22-year-old woman consults you for treatment of hirsutism. She is obese and has facial acne and hirsutism on her face and periareolar regions and a male escutcheon. Serum LH level is 35 mIU/mL and FSH is 9 mIU/mL. Androstenedione and testosterone levels are mildly elevated, but serum DHAS is normal. The patient does ... | This patient has polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), diagnosed by the clinical picture, abnormally high LH-to-FSH ratio (which should normally be approximately 1:1), and elevated androgen but normal DHAS. DHAS is a marker of adrenal androgen production; when normal, it essentially excludes adrenal sources of hyperandro... | 149,614 | medmcqa_train |
Inversion of nipple occurs due to the involvement of | Breast carcinoma arising from lactiferous ducts is called as ductal carcinoma.
Breast carcinoma arising from lobules is called as lobular carcinoma. It is 10% common.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Carcinoma Breast
Peau d’orange: Due to obstruction of dermal lymphatics, openings of the sebaceous glands and hair follicl... | 149,615 | medmcqa_train |
The principle that in spinal cord, the dorsal roots are sensory and the ventral roots are motor, is known as: | Bell Megendie Law: States that in spinal cord, the dorsal roots are sensory and the ventral roots are motor. Dale's principle: Same neurotransmitter is released at all branches of a neuron. Monro Kellie hypothesis: The blood volume in the cranial cavity is approximately constant. As the cranium is rigid (except in a yo... | 149,616 | medmcqa_train |
A 60 year old man who is a known case of coronary artery disease with drug eluting stent placed 1year ago, presents with lump in abdomen and is posted for laparoscopic diagnostic evaluation. He is also hypertensive patient. Which of the following medications should he discontinue prior to procedure | Clopidogrel has to be stopped 7 days prior to surgery. | 149,617 | medmcqa_train |
Impoant step in activation of naive CD 4+ T cells and initiation of cell mediated immune response is played by Interleukin? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2 Activation of CD4+ T Cells: Naive CD4+ T cells recognize peptides displayed by dendritic cells and secrete IL-2, which functions as an autocrine growth factor to stimulate proliferation of the antigen- responsive T cells. The subsequent differentiation of antigen-stimulated T cells to TH1 or TH17 ce... | 149,618 | medmcqa_train |
A 60-years-old man with diabetes mellitus presents with painless, swollen right ankle joint. Radiographs of the ankle shows destroyed joint with large no. Of loose bodies. The most probable diagnosis is: | Patient of diabetes with painless swollen joint is enough for the diagnosis of charcot's joint. X-Ray Features Marked destructive changes with periaicular erosions Joint space narrowing Osteophyte formation Subchondral sclerosis Loose bodies. The changes simulate osteoahritis, but the absence of pain is diagnostic. Sim... | 149,619 | medmcqa_train |
Death of the mother from an automobile accident comes under | Nonmaternal death: Death of the mother that results from accidental or incidental causes not related to pregnancy. An example is death from an automobile accident or concurrent malignancy(Ref: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition) | 149,620 | medmcqa_train |
Anti–TNF alpha drugs are used for the treatment of all of following diseases EXCEPT : | There is already under-expression of TNF-α in SLE, therefore we cannot use anti-TNF drugs for this condition. It is further strengthened by the fact that anti-TNF alpha drugs like infliximab cause SLE as the adverse effect.
Indications for TNF-α inhibitors
Rheumatoid arthritis
Juvenile arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
Ps... | 149,621 | medmcqa_train |
The rate of cooling down of dead bodies in tropical climate is: Delhi 06; Kerala 06; UP 07 | Ans. 0.5degC/h | 149,622 | medmcqa_train |
A 73-year-old man has ischemic rest pain of the left calf. Workup reveals occlusion of the left superficial femoral artery. He is scheduled for an elective femoral-popliteal bypass. A good way to reduce the risk of infection would be to: | Shaving is associated with an increased incidence of wound infection compared to the use of electric clippers or depilatories, as well as compared to no hair removal at all. Prophylactic antibiotics should be started within 60 minutes of the incision time. Plastic adherent drapes and antibiotic wound irrigation have no... | 149,623 | medmcqa_train |
A pregnant woman with fibroid uterus develops acute pain in abdomen with low grade fever and mild leucocytosis at 28 weeks. The most likely diagnosis is: | Red degeneration This complication occurs during pregnancy (2nd trimester) Myoma becomes tense and tender Symptoms: Abdominal pain, constitutional upset and fever Rx :bed rest and analgesics. Never operate In case of torsion of fibroid, severe abdominal pain is there but fever and raised leucocyte count is not seen. Fi... | 149,624 | medmcqa_train |
Classification of aoic dissection depends upon? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Level of aoa affectedClassification of Aoic dissectiono The risk and nature of serious complications of dissection depend strongly on the level of aoa affected, with the most serious complications occuring from the aoic valve to the arch.o Thus aoic dissections are generally classified into two types ... | 149,625 | medmcqa_train |
A child having IQ of 25 falls in which category? | ANSWER: (C) DependentREF: Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry 5th edition p. 708-712, Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Psychiatry p. 543CLASSIFICATION OF MENTAL RETARDATION: Mild MRModerate MRSevere MRProfound MRIQ50-7035-5020-35<20Quality of lifeEducableTrainableDependentNeeds life supportProgressClass 6Class 2-- | 149,626 | medmcqa_train |
The symptoms of dietary deficiency of niacin (which results in pellagra) will be less severe if the diet has a high content of: | a. Tryptophan(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 325, Ghai 8/e p 118)Tryptophan can be converted to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) 60mg tryptophan gives rise to 1mg niacin. | 149,627 | medmcqa_train |
Blood supply of posterior limb of internal capsule includes all except- | Posterior limb of internal capsule is supplied by three sets of arteries :
striate branch of middle cerebral artery,
anterior choroid artery; and
posterolateral branches of posterior cerebral artery. | 149,628 | medmcqa_train |
Blood vessels can be harvested from a body for the purpose of transplantation latest by what period after death? | The periods within which some organs should be removed are as follows Cornea - 6 hours Skin - 24 hours Bone - 48 hours Blood vessels - 72 hours Ref: Essentials of forensic medicine and toxicology by Narayan reddy, edition 21, page 112 | 149,629 | medmcqa_train |
According to 357 (c) CrPC, all hospitals (Govt or private) shell provide the first aid medical care free of cost to victims of offences covered by the following section except: | C. 302 Treatment of victims : * All hospitals, public or private, whether run by the Central Government, the State Government, local bodies or any other person, shall immediately, provide the first-aid or medical treatment, free of cost, to the victims of any offence covered under section 326A, 376, 376A, 376B, 376C, 3... | 149,630 | medmcqa_train |
In a chronic smoker, a highly malignant aggressive and metastatic lung carcinoma is : | Cigarette smoking is most strongly associated with squamous Cell Ca and small cell Ca and less commonly associated with Adenocarcinoma.
But small cell Ca is highly malignant & Blood stream metastasis occurs early in the course of this Ca.So the answer is small cell carcinoma.
Also Remember
M.C Variety of lung Ca in In... | 149,631 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a prodrug is - | (C) (Primidone) (38 - H 18th) (23, 413 - KDT 7th)PRIMIDONE - A deoxybarbiturate converted by liver to phenobarbitone and phenylethyl malonamide (PEMA). Its antiepileptic activity is mainly due to those active metabolites because t 1/2 of primidone (6-14 hr.) is less than that of its active metabolites, About 1/3 primid... | 149,632 | medmcqa_train |
The following are examples of apoptosis, except | NecrosisApoptosisAlways pathological Maybe physiological or pathological Associated with disruption of cellular homeostasis Impoant for development, homeostasis & elimination of pathogens & tumour cellsAffects contiguous group of cellsAffects single cellCell size increased Cell size shrunken Passive Active Cause inflam... | 149,633 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following antifungal agents binds to ergosterol | POLYENE ANTIBIOTICS Amphotericin B (AMB) Mech of action:- The polyenes have high affinity for ergosterol present in fungal cell membrane. They combine with it, get inseed into the membrane and several polyene molecules together orient themselves in such a way as to form a 'micropore'. The hydrophilic side forms the int... | 149,634 | medmcqa_train |
After digestion by restriction endonucleases DNA bands can re-joined by which of the following substance? | DNA ligase is used to join the DNA bands formed after digestion by restriction endonuclease. DNA gyrase: Its a special type of topoisomerase, has the unusual propey of being able to introduce negative supercoils into resting DNA. This facilitates the future replication of DNA because the negative supercoils neutralise ... | 149,635 | medmcqa_train |
Abnormalities of copper metabolism are implicated in the pathogenesis of all the following ExceptEXPL | (Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 344) | 149,636 | medmcqa_train |
All the following pathogenic bacteria fulfill Kochs postulates except | Koch's postulates: A microorganism was accepted as the causative agent of infectious disease, only when it satisfied all the following criteria: 1. The microorganism must be present in every case of the disease but absent from healthy host. 2. The suspected microorganism must be isolated and grown in a pure culture fro... | 149,637 | medmcqa_train |
Levinthal Coles Lillie bodies are seen in - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Psittacosis * In psittacosis infected cells, including alveolar macrophages from patients, and mouse brain, yolk sac and cell cultures shows inclusion bodies - Levinthal - Cole - Lillie (LCL) bodies. | 149,638 | medmcqa_train |
Low grade squamous Intraepithelial leison of cervix in Bethseda system includes : | Dysplasias are graded as: 1. Mild dysplasia (CIN-I). The undifferentiated cells are confined to the lower one-third of the epithelium. The cells are more differentiated towards the surface. Mild dysplasia due to infection is often seen in young women indulging in sexual activity. CIN-I is lately described as low grade ... | 149,639 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following fracture is known as "fracture a-la signature"? | Depressed fractures are produced by local deformation of the skull. In this, fractured bone is driven inwards into the skull cavity. The outer table is driven into the diploe, the inner table is fractured irregularly and to a greater extent and may be comminuted. They are also called 'fractures a la signature' (signatu... | 149,640 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a terminal axillary lymph node? | Apical group of lymph nodes are the terminal axillary lymph nodes. Lymphatic drainage of axillary lymph nodes Anterior, posterior, lateral - central - apical - infra clavicular - supraclavicular - right jugular trunk - right lymphatic duct - right jugulo subclan venous angle | 149,641 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are ture regarding cephalosporins except - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Active against olny gram negative bacteria Cephalosporins are active against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria, and are bactericidal. o Ceftriaxone is a parentral cephalosporin. o Third generation cephalosporins are highly resistant to beta-lactamases from gram negative bacteria. | 149,642 | medmcqa_train |
A 30-year-old female presents with a 3-month history of 10kg weight loss despite an increased appetite. She also complains of anxiety, diarrhea and amenorrhea. Examination reveals a fine tremor, brisk reflexes and a systolic murmur heard throughout the precordium. A urine pregnancy screen was negative. What is the most... | Female, weight loss in spite of appetite, amenorrhea, tremors, brisk reflexes are features of Thyrotoxicosis Option A- Pulses Paradoxus is feature of C. Tamponade it is ruled out Option B- Collapsing pulse- Rapidly rising pulse, which collapses suddenly as aerial pressure falls rapidly, during late systole and diastole... | 149,643 | medmcqa_train |
Advantage of cisatracurium over atracurium is? | Ans. (D) Releases less histamine(Ref: Goodman and Gilman 13th/e p182)Both atracurium and cis-atracurium are non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers.Both of these are intermediate acting agents (both have same duration of action).Both of these agents are cardiostableAtracurium has faster onset of action as compared to c... | 149,644 | medmcqa_train |
The initiation of hemoglobin synthesis requires: | Ans. (b) GlycineRef: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th ed. pg. 326-28* Heme is synthesized in a complex series of steps involving enzymes in the mitochondrion and in the cytosol of the cell* The first step in heme synthesis takes place in the mitochondrion. Steps in heme synthesis are:# Condensation of succinyl CoA and glyci... | 149,645 | medmcqa_train |
The mechanism of learning and memory, include all except: | C i.e. Recruitment by multiplication of neurons | 149,646 | medmcqa_train |
Intestinal polyps that have highest potential to grow into cancer | Classification of intestinal polypsInflammatory Inflammatory polyps (pseudopolyps in UC)Metaplastic Metaplastic or hyperplastic polypsHamaomatous Peutz-Jeghers polypJuvenile polypNeoplastic AdenomaTubularTubulovillousVillousAdenocarcinomaCarcinoid tumourRef: Bailey and Love, 27e, page: 1259 | 149,647 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following factors will not influence the rate at which a meal will leave the stomach? | Fat in the intestine, low pH, and increased osmolarity of intestinal contents will reduce gastric emptying. This reflex is mediated through neuronal and endocrine factors comprising the enterogastric reflex. Saline in the intestine will not affect gastric emptying. | 149,648 | medmcqa_train |
A 33-year-old patient is suffering from a sudden occlusion at the origin of the descending (thoracic) aoa. This condition would most likely decrease blood flow in which of the following intercostal aeries? | The first two posterior intercostal aeries are branches of the highest (superior) intercostal aery of the costocervical trunk; the remaining nine branches are from the thoracic aoa. The internal thoracic aery gives off the upper six anterior intercostal aeries and is divided into the superior epigastric and musculophre... | 149,649 | medmcqa_train |
Nifedipine and beta-blocker are given together - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., To overcome increased sympathetic activity of Nifedipine b-Blocker is given along with Nifedipine because a) Reflex tachycardia (Increased sympathetic activity) caused due to Nifedipine, is prevented by b-blocker. b) b-blockers cause dilatation of coronary aeries by unopposed a-mediated vasoconstricti... | 149,650 | medmcqa_train |
Marfan's syndrome associated with? | Ectopia lentis REF: Khurana 4th ed p. 422, Pediatric ophthalmology: A clinical guide by Pamela Gallin Table 8-7 "Marfan's syndrome is the most common cause of subluxated lens of childhood" Differential diagnosis of dislocated/subluxated lens: Trauma Ectopia lentis et pupillae Aniridia Syphilis Megalocornea (X linked re... | 149,651 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding the contractive of graft is | Thicker the graft more the primary contracture. Thinner the graft more the secondary contracture. | 149,652 | medmcqa_train |
Sleep spindles and K complexes occur in which phase of the sleep cycle | Sleep spindles are sudden bursts of oscillatory brain activity generated during stage 2 of NREM sleep.K complexes are large waves that react to external stimuli while sleeping also seen during stage 2 of NREM sleep. | 149,653 | medmcqa_train |
In a patient with wide-complex tachycardia, the presence of all of the following in the ECG indicates ventricular tachycardia except | Answer is C (Typical right bundle branch block) Wide complex tachycardia due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) is characterized by bizzare QRS pattern that does not mimic typical RBBB or LBBB QRS complexes The presence of wide QRS complex tachycardia with typical RBBB or LBBB suggests supraventricular tachycardia with ab... | 149,654 | medmcqa_train |
Best test for lung fibrosis- | Chest X ray may be normal in individuals with early or limited disease.HRCT typically demonstrates a patchy,predominantly peripheral,subpleural and basal reticular pattern, and,in more advanced disease,the presence of honeycombing cysts and traction bronchiectasis.When these features are present,HRCT has a high positiv... | 149,655 | medmcqa_train |
Structure not passing through the esophageal hiatus - | Oesophageal opening
- Level- T10
- At muscular portion derived from right crus
- Structures transmitted
Oesophagus
Oesophageal branch of the left gastric artery
Vagus nerve | 149,656 | medmcqa_train |
Atropine is added to pyridostigmine in treatment of myasthenia gravis due to: | Ans. B. To decrease the muscarinic side effectsTreatment of myasthenia gravisa. Anticholinesterase - Pyridostigmine, an intermediate-acting agent, is preferred in clinical use to the shorter-acting neostigmine bromide and the longer-acting Ambenonium chloride. Dosing is every 6 hours for pyridostigmine and every 4 hour... | 149,657 | medmcqa_train |
In a case of undifferentiated arthritis, presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti CCP) indicates strong possibility of which of the following? | Anticitrullinated peptide antibody test (Anti ccp) test is more specific than rheumatoid factor for diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. It may be positive very early in the course of the disease. | 149,658 | medmcqa_train |
True about polio vaccination is all EXCEPT: | Follow up of AFP every 30 days REF: Park 20thedition page 180-184 AFP surveillance is done every 60 days to check for residual paralysis Salk contains all three types of polio virus inactivated by formalin, contains 20,2 & 4D antigen of types 1,2 and 3 The doses of OPV given during pulse polio immunization are extra an... | 149,659 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum audible tolerance is? (As per factory Act) | ANSWER: (B) 90 db for 8 hoursREF: Dhingras 3rd ed page 46According to ministry of labour government of IndiaA noise of 90 db, 8 hrs a day for 5 days per week is maximum safe limit.No exposure in excess of 115 db is permittedNo impulse noise of intensity greater than 140 db is permitted.Persons working in area where noi... | 149,660 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the principal mode of heat exchange in an Infant incubator? | Infants lose heat from the skin to the environment by the following methods: Convection :This is the loss of heat from the infant&;s skin to the surrounding air. Infants lose a lot of heat by convection when exposed to cold air or draughts. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | 149,661 | medmcqa_train |
Complication of acute anterior uveitis are all EXCEPT | C i.e. Retinal detachment | 149,662 | medmcqa_train |
Lymphatics from the upper limb drain into which group of axillary nodes? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lateral groupLateral group:Lie along the upper pa of the humerus, medial to the axillary vein.Receive lymph from upper limb. | 149,663 | medmcqa_train |
Beta adrenergic blocker having cardioselectivity, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and membrane stabilizing propey is: | Acebutolol is cardioselective Beta blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and membrane stabilizing propey * Cardioselective Beta blockers : Metoprolol, Atenolol , Acebutolol , Bisoprolol , Nebivolol These drugs are more potent in blocking cardiac (Beta 1) than bronchial (Beta 2) receptors. However, selectivity... | 149,664 | medmcqa_train |
Hypokalemia is associated frequently with | Insulin, b2-adrenergic activity, thyroid hormone, and alkalosis promote Na+/K+-ATPase-mediated cellular uptake of K+, leading to hypokalemia. Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into cells A. Acid-base 1. Metabolic alkalosis B. Hormonal 1. Insulin 2. Increased b2... | 149,665 | medmcqa_train |
Which pa of the renal system produces and secretes renin? | The renin is produced by the juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells). These epitheloid cells are located in the media of the afferent aerioles as they enter the glomeruli. Renin is also found in agranular lacis cells that are located in the junction between the afferent and efferent aerioles. This enzyme acts in conce with an... | 149,666 | medmcqa_train |
Lucid interval may be seen in ? | Ans. is `e' i.e., Insanity Lucid interval is seen in insanity and epidural haemorrhage. Lucid interval is a state of consciousness between two episodes of unconsciousness in subacute/chronic epidural haemorrhage. It is significant that during this period (lucid interval), the person can : (i) Make a valid will, (ii) Ca... | 149,667 | medmcqa_train |
In presence of Halden effect, CO2 uptake is 2 ml/ 100 ml of blood in aeries, what will be CO2 uptake in absence of Haldone effect in veins ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 4 ml/100 ml of blood | 149,668 | medmcqa_train |
Contents of broad ligament are all except | Internal pudendal artery is not content of broad ligament. | 149,669 | medmcqa_train |
A healthy 75-year-old man bleeds from a duodenal ulcer. Medical management and endoscopic measures fail to stop the bleeding. What is the next step in management? | In general, surgery for peptic ulcer bleeding is indicated at an earlier stage in an older patient because vessels are atherosclerotic and less likely to stop bleeding spontaneously. In addition, diminished perfusion of the heart, brain, and kidneys is less well tolerated in elderly patients. At surgery, the gastroduod... | 149,670 | medmcqa_train |
After radical mastectomy there was injury to the long thoracic nerve. The integrity of the nerve can be tested at the bedside by asking the patient to:- | Nerve Muscle Movement long thoracic nerve serratus anterior overhead abduction. spinal accessory nerve trapezius Shrugging of shoulder Lateral and medial pectoral nerves Pectoralis major touching the opposite shoulder. | 149,671 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not true about tryptophan? | Tryptophan is an essential aminoacid. It is used in the synthesis of Melatonin, serotonin and niacin. | 149,672 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding International Classification of Diseases untrue is | Ans. b (10th revision has 15 major chapters) (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/ 47)INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES (ICD)# It is conducted by the WHO every 10 years and accepted for national and international use.# Since its inception, ICD has been revised about once every 10 years; the latest revision, the 10th revision, ca... | 149,673 | medmcqa_train |
False regarding calcium homeostasis in pregnancy is? | Ans. B. Serum ionized calcium levels fallTotal serum calcium levels, (which include both ionized and non-ionized calcium), decline during pregnancy, reduction follows lowered plasma albumin concentrations and, a consequent decrease in the amount of circulating protein- bound non ionized calcium. Serum ionized calcium l... | 149,674 | medmcqa_train |
Anencephaly causes all except : | None | 149,675 | medmcqa_train |
A 30-year-old restrained driver was involved in a motor-vehicle crash. He is hemodynamically stable and has a large seat belt sign on the abdomen. His abdomen is tender to palpation. In this patient one should be most concerned about: | While all the injuries listed are potential problems in this patient, the most severe is blunt hollow viscus injury. A delay in diagnosis beyond 12 hours is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There may be very few physical signs of a viscus perforation and CT findings may be subtle and not definitive. A... | 149,676 | medmcqa_train |
A young pregnant woman presents with fulminant hepatic failure. The most likely aetiological agent is: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hepatitis E virus(Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, 550 and 8th/e, p. 546)* Fulminant hepatitis may occur rarely in 1 - 2% of cases, except for the pregnant women who are particularly at higher risk (20%) of developing fulminant hepatitis. | 149,677 | medmcqa_train |
Vogt&;s triad is indicative of | Vogt&;s triad of clinical signs of past acute angle closure glaucoma includes sector iris atrophy, pigment dispersion on corneal endothelium and anterior subcapsular cataractous changes called Glaukomflecken. Ref:- Parsons diseases of eye; pg num:-298 | 149,678 | medmcqa_train |
Retienloeyte level in newborn's ? | Reticulocyte count is the percentage of reticulocytes in total red blood cells. | 149,679 | medmcqa_train |
"Kayser - Fleischer rings" seen in | (Wilson's disease) (648 - HM) (656- Basic pathology 8th)* Greenish brown pigmented rings in the periphery of the cornea (Kayer - Fleischer rings) seen in Wilson's disease* In wilson disease, deposition of copper occurs | 149,680 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these is true of fetal haemoglobin? | Hb F binds less avidly to 2,3 DPG than HbA and thus has higher affinity for oxygen than HbA Almost 65 to 90% of haemoglobin at bih is HbF. After bih HbF gamma gene is switched off and HbA beta gene is switched on so more and more HbA is formed. Sickle cell patients have relatively high amounts of fetal Hb. HbA first ap... | 149,681 | medmcqa_train |
Dawn phenomenon refers to - | The dawn phenomenon, also called the dawn effect, is the term used to describe an abnormal early-morning increase in blood sugar (glucose) -- usually between 2 and 8 a.m. -- in people with diabetes. It arises through a combination of the normal circadian rhythm and release of counter-regulatory hormones (growth hormone... | 149,682 | medmcqa_train |
Bisphosphonates are useful in all EXCEPT: | ANSWER: (B) Vitamin D excessREF: KDT 6th ed page 333, Lippincot 6th ed page 758, Year Book of Endocrinology 2013 - Page 179See details of Bisphosphonates in Pharmacology 2013 Session 2 | 149,683 | medmcqa_train |
True about Anorexia nervosa | Is associated with constipation more commonly than diarrhoea T3 is more o en low with an apparently normal T4. Diarrhoea may occur with laxative abuse but constipation is commonest with inherent hypomotility of the gut. | 149,684 | medmcqa_train |
The following name is associated with psychodynamic theory | Contributor: Freud, Sigmund (1856-1939) Coined the Term: Free association, Psychoanalysis, Psychodynamics, Oedipus complex, Electra complex, Penis envy, Primal scene, Ego defence mechanisms, Repression, Psychological determinism, Pleasure principle, Reality principle Special Mention: Founder of psychoanalysis; some of ... | 149,685 | medmcqa_train |
A primigravida with full term pregnancy in labor for 1 day is brought to casualty after dia handing. On examination she is dehydrated, slightly pale, bulse 100/min, BP120 / 80 mm Hg. abdominal examination reveals a fundal height of 36 weeks, cephalic presentation, foetal hea absent, mild uterine contractions present. O... | Ventouse delivery | 149,686 | medmcqa_train |
A laboratory experiment is performed to evaluate the chemotactic potential of a group of potential mediators. Which of the following substances most likely has the greatest affinity for neutrophils? | Several substances have chemotactic potential for neutrophils. C5a is a prominent example Chemotactic Factors Factor Description Chemotactic For Formylated peptides Bacterial products of Escherichia coli Neutrophils C5a Activated complement component Neutrophils HETE, LTB Leukotrienes Neutrophils Kallikrein Product of ... | 149,687 | medmcqa_train |
Antihelminthic which acts by flaccid paralysis of worms is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Piperazine Piperazine o It causes hyperpolarization of ascaris muscle by a GABA agonistic action opening Cl-channels --> flaccid paralysis. o Piperazine safe and well tolerated drug, it is also safe in pregnancy. Remember o Drugs causing flaccid paralysis Ivermectin, piperazine. o Drugs causing spasti... | 149,688 | medmcqa_train |
Pseudoaerial aneurysm in drug abuser&;s seen in | Pseudoaneurysm is a rare condition arising from disruption in aerial wall with blood dissecting into the tissues around the damaged aery creating a perfused sac that communicates with the aerial lumen. Its incidence is on rise due to increase in endovascular procedures, hemodialysis and intravenous drug abuse. Here we ... | 149,689 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest mass in the middle mediastinum is – | "Lymphadenopathy is by for the most common middle mediastinal mass".
"The most common middle mediastinal mass is adenopathy".
"Lymphadenopathy is the most common middle mediastinum mass".
You should keep in mind that, though, the most common middle mediastinal mass is lymph nodes enlargement, duplica... | 149,690 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true of Neurocvsticercosis EXCEPT | (B) More common in vegetarians # Neurocysticercosis is caused by infection with the pork tapeworm Taenia solium, and undergoes specific clinical and imaging changes at it progresses through four stages of infection.1. Vesicular - viable parasite with intact membrane and therefore no host reaction. Cyst is CSF density /... | 149,691 | medmcqa_train |
Magaldrate is converted by gastric acid to - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Magnesium hydroxide and Aluminium hydroxide Magaldrate:o Magaldrateis a common antaciddrug that is used for the treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers, esophagitis from gastroesophageal reflux.o Magaldrate is a hydroxymagnesium aluminate complex that is converted rapidly in gastric acid to Mg(OH)2 a... | 149,692 | medmcqa_train |
All the following show miliary shadows on chest X-ray except: | Ans. Staphylococcal pneumonia | 149,693 | medmcqa_train |
Most important feature of delirium - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Clouding of consciousness o The most conspicuous feature is a clouding of consciousness which ranges from mild dulling to deep coma.Deliriumo Delirium is defined by the acute onset of fluctuating cognitive impairment and a disturbance of consciousness. It is also referred to as acute confusional state... | 149,694 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the micromineral is a constituent of vitamin B12 - | Ans. is 'c* i.e., Cobalt o Vitamin B12. is a corrinoid, i.e. cobalt-containing compound possessing the corrin ring.Microminerals or trace elementsChromiumPotentiate the effect of insulinImpaired glucose metabolismCobaltConstituent of vitamin B12QMacrocytic anemiaCopperConstituent of oxidase enzymes, e.g., tyrosinase, l... | 149,695 | medmcqa_train |
The Fc piece of which Immunoglobulin fixes C1 complements? | . | 149,696 | medmcqa_train |
A patient on amphotericin B develops hypokalemia of 2.3 meq/1. K+ supplementation required:(AIIMS November 2013, Nov 2012) | Ans. d. 120-160 mEq over 24 hours (Ref: Cecil Textbook of Medicine by Goldmann/Ausiello Renal and Genitourinary Diseases 22/e p685)Except in unusual circumstances, the total amount of potassium administered daily should not exceed 200 mEq.Potassium SupplementationA prudent protocol to follow is to add potassium chlorid... | 149,697 | medmcqa_train |
Hormone therapy indicated in menopausal women: | Ans. a. Hot flashRef: Shaws Textbook of Gynecology 16th Ed; Page No-74HORMONE REPLACEMENTTHERAPYBenefits and RisksEstrogen therapy is the most effective FDA-approved method for relief of menopausal vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes), it is also used in genitourinary atrophy and dyspareunia.Hot flashes:Excess amount of sw... | 149,698 | medmcqa_train |
Radiological hallmark of primary tuberculosis in childhood is? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lymphadenopathy Lymphadenopathy with or without parenchymal abnormality is the radiological hallmark of primary tuberculosis in childhood. | 149,699 | medmcqa_train |
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