query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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"Limey bile" is? | Ans. (c) Like toothpaste emulsion in the gall bladderRef: Harrison 18th ed/2622* It is a complication of chronic cholecystitis.* Calcium salts in the lumen of the gall bladder in sufficient concentration may produce calcium precipitation and diffuse, hazy opacification of bile or a layering effect on plain abdominal ra... | 150,800 | medmcqa_train |
RDA of zinc in a child less than 8 years old is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 5 mg RDA of Zinc in children* 1-3 years- 3mg* 4-8 years- 5 mg* 9 years and above (male)- 8-11 mg* 9 years and above (female)- 8 mg | 150,801 | medmcqa_train |
Before the onset of pubey, the GnRH neurons are under the inhibitory control of: | The transition to a reproductive state (during pubey) requires maturation of the entire hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Before this maturation occurs, plasma LH and FSH levels are diminished despite low concentrations of gonadal steroids and inhibin. GnRH neurons are said to be under inhibitory influence of GABAer... | 150,802 | medmcqa_train |
Commonly used route of administration for general anaesthesia is – | This question is a bit confusing one because of the following two facts :-
"For the induction of anaesthesia, intravenous anaesthetics are used mostly".
"For the maintenance of anaesthesia, inhalational agents are used most commonly".
But following statement will clear the doubts.
"Now a day, most of the minor surgi... | 150,803 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are features of Down's syndrome except- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hypeonicity Clinical features of Down's syndrome o Most striking feature in the neonate is hypotonia and although the diagnosis is usually evident at this time, it may some time be missed if the baby is very premature or his facial features are concealed by ventilatory apparetus. CLINICAL FEATURES IN ... | 150,804 | medmcqa_train |
All are features of hemolytic anemia, except - | Haptoglobin binds with Hb released from lysed RBCs and forms a complex and hence in hemolytic anemias there is increased formation of this complex and there is a decrease in serum haptoglobin level. Ref:Postgraduate Hematology by Victor Hoffbrand , under hemolytic anemias Ref Robbins 9/e pg 422 | 150,805 | medmcqa_train |
Haptaglobin levels are decreased in: | Answer is D (All of the above) Decreased haptaglobin levels may occur in all cases of hemolysis. Although decreased haptaglobin levels are more characteristic of intravascular hemolysis, decreased levels are also seen in cases of extravascular hemolvsis. Heptaglobin levels and hemolysis (Hematology for Student's by Mac... | 150,806 | medmcqa_train |
Malonate competetively inhibits | Succinate dehydrogenase | 150,807 | medmcqa_train |
End product of purine metabolism is? | ANSWER: (B) Uric addREF: Biochemistry 3rd edition by S C Rastogi page 366,In humans and higher primates, uric acid is the final oxidation (breakdown) product of purine metabolism and is excreted in urine.AUantoin is a natural end product of purine metabolism in most mammals other than humans. | 150,808 | medmcqa_train |
Branched septate hyphae found on cornmeal smear in a case of corneal ulcer is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Aspergillus . Septate hyphae and involvement of the cornea ours the diagnosis of the Aspergillus . Aspergillus can cause Aspergillus keratitis after trauma to the cornea. The hyphae of Aspergillus are septate & branched. . Mucor : It can cause infection of eye but its hyphae are not septate. . Candida... | 150,809 | medmcqa_train |
A newborn baby presented with profuse bleeding from umbilical stump after birth. Probable diagnosis is – | Bleeding from umbilical stump suggests Factor XIII deficiency.
Neonates with a positive bleeding history, particularly with features such as delayed bleeding, umbilical stump bleeding or miscarriages and in whom the initial panel of screening test is negative should be tested for factor XIII deficiency.
The normal scre... | 150,810 | medmcqa_train |
Immunization is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Primary prevention Level of preventionExampleso Primordial preventiono Discouragement from adapting a harmful lifestyle, e.g. smokingo Primary preventiono Immunization (vaccination)o Chemoprophylaxiso Nutritional supplementation programmeso Chlorination of watero Using a mosquito neto Health education... | 150,811 | medmcqa_train |
Marker for ovarian carcinoma in serum is | TABLE 8.14: Impoant Tumour Markers. CANCER ASSOCIATED PROTEINS: i. CA-125:-Ovary ii. CA 15-3 :-Breast iii. CA 19-9 :-Colon, pancreas, breast iv. CD30 :-Hodgkin's disease, anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) v. CD25 :-Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL), adult T cell leukaemia lymphoma (ATLL) vi. Monoclonal immunoglobulins :-M... | 150,812 | medmcqa_train |
Which type of alkylating antineoplastic drug is Lomustine | ALKYLATING AGENTS 1)Nitrogen mustards:- Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Chlorambucil, Melphalan 2)Ethylenimine :- Thio-TEPA 3)Alkyl sulfonate :- Busulfan 4)Nitrosoureas:- Carmustine (BCNU), Lomustine (CCNU) , 5)Triazine :-Dacarbazine (DTIC), Temozolomide 6)Methylhydrazine :-Procarbazine Ref:- kd tripathi; pg num:-858 | 150,813 | medmcqa_train |
The ability of T cells to recognize antigen is dependent on association of the antigen with either class I or class II MHC proteins. MHC restriction is a pa of all, EXCEPT: | The phenomenon by which T cells recognize foreign antigens in the context of specific MHC alleles is termed MHC restriction, and the specific MHC molecule is termed the restriction element. The most common source of foreign peptides presented by class I molecules is viral infection, in the course of which peptides from... | 150,814 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum first pass metaboilsm is seen by which route - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Oral o First pass elimination is seen with oral and rectal routes. o Maximum first pass effect is seen with oral route. | 150,815 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a feature of cluster headache ? | Cluster headache occur three times more common in men than in women. Cluster headache is likely a disorder involving central pacemaker neurons in the region of the posterior hypothalamus. It is associated with symptoms such as conjunctival injection or lacrimation, rhinorrhea or nasal congestion, or cranial sympathetic... | 150,816 | medmcqa_train |
In bursting of skull due to firearm injury, a large poion of the brain may be thrown out of the bursting skull and found relatively intact. This is called as | During bursting of skull due to firearm injury, a large poion of the brain may be thrown out of the bursting skull and found relatively intact. This is called as kronlein shot. - is a very rare injury of the skull caused by a high-velocity bullet in close range. There is bursting of the skull and laceration of the dura... | 150,817 | medmcqa_train |
Most common type of delusion is? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Delusion of persecution Persecutory delusions (paranoid)* This is the most common type of delusion. The patient feels that he is being persecuted against.* There is false belief that one is being harmed, threatened, cheated, poisoned, harassed or spied on or is a victim of conspiracy to damage his rep... | 150,818 | medmcqa_train |
Examination of a 3-day-old male infant reveals protrusion of his spinal cord and meninges from a defect in the lower back. Which of the following describes this congenital anomaly? | Because the meninges and spinal cord are included in the protrusion, the patient's condition is a classic presentation of spina bifida with meningomyelocele. If the protrusion contains only meninges but no CNS tissue, it is known as spina bifida with meningocele. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges caused by ... | 150,819 | medmcqa_train |
Retinoblastoma arises from: | Ans. Any nucleated retinal layer | 150,820 | medmcqa_train |
Molecular studies on an abdominal lymph node containing lymphoma demonstrate t(2;8)(p12;q24) translocation. This is most compatible with which of the following diseases? | Burkitt's lymphoma is actually associated with three translocations. The common variant t(8;14)(q24;q32), involving the oncogene myc on chromosome 8, and the heavy immunoglobulin chain on chromosome 14. The other two variants are: t(8;22)(q24;q11), involving myc and the lambda light chain immunoglobulin site, and t(2;8... | 150,821 | medmcqa_train |
Granulomatous appearance of lung with air bronchogram in neonates represents - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) | 150,822 | medmcqa_train |
. Spirochetes among following are - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Syphilis; 'b' i.e., Leptospira; 'c' i.e., Borrelia | 150,823 | medmcqa_train |
All are the contraindications for vaginal bih after previous caesarean except | Previous classical incision and previous inveed T shaped incision is absolutely contraindicated in vaginal bih after caesarean section. It is again contraindicated if facilities to do an emergency caesarean section is unavailable. But previous lower segment caesarean section can undergo VBAC but should not be forced. (... | 150,824 | medmcqa_train |
A cricketer holds a catch and then presents with pain at the base of the right thumb. He should be examined to specifically rule out damage to which of the following structure : | This is a case of skier's thumb i.e. acute injury to ulnar collateral ligament which occurs when there is abrupt abduction of the thumb. Injury is common in ball handling athletes.
Patient presents with pain, tenderness and swelling at the base of thumb. | 150,825 | medmcqa_train |
A chronic alcoholic patient is brought to the emergency department by his wife. The person has not consumed alcohol for the past two days due to religious reasons. The person complained of nausea, vomiting and dizziness. On the second day. he developed seizures, that progressed to generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTC... | Ans. c. Diazepam (Ref: Niraj Ahuja 6/e p39-40; Kaplan and Sadock's 9/e p1278, 1284-1285)The seizures in this patient, is due to alcohol withdrawal. Diazepam would be best medication to manage the seizure of the patient.Symptoms of Alcohol withdrawal:Hang over (MC)QHallucinationsQ (usually auditory) and illusionsQInsomn... | 150,826 | medmcqa_train |
Which does not cause hypoglycemia - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Acarbose Nateglinide, Glimepiride * Glimepiride and Nateglinide are an insulin secretagogue and it is a well-known fact that insulin secretagogues are associated with hypoglycemia.All the insulin secretagogues increase insulin secretion from the pancreas through the same mechanism i.e., by interfering... | 150,827 | medmcqa_train |
TH1 is involved in w hich type of hypersensitivity? | * Delayed type of hypersensitivity is mediated by T cell dependant effector mechanisms involving both CD4+ TH1 cells and CD8 Cytotoxic T cells.* Antibodies do not play a role in type IV hypersensitivity reactions. The activated TH1 cells release Cytokines that will cause accumulation and activation of macrophages which... | 150,828 | medmcqa_train |
In close angle glaucoma all are TRUE, EXCEPT | C i.e. Non-systemic manifestations In angle closure glaucoma systemic manifestations like nausea, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain are present Q Laser iridotomy (1st) or surgical iridectomy (2nd) is treatment of choice for PACG. Q Pilocarpine is the drug of choice Q used to gain time till the surgery is performed. At... | 150,829 | medmcqa_train |
Volkmann's ischaemic contracture is commonly due to | C i.e. Both | 150,830 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site of nosebleed in a child is | Sites of Epistaxis 1) Little's area - 90% 2) Above the level of middle turbinate- From anterior and posterior ethmoidal vessels 3) Below the level of middle turbinate-From sphenopalatine aery 4) Posterior pa of nasal cavity 5) Nasopharynx 6) Diffuse -Both from septum and lateral nasal wall; Seen in general systemic dis... | 150,831 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a feature of Netheon Syndrome? | This autosomal recessive disorder is characterized by ichthyosis (usually ichthyosis linearis circumflexa but occasionally the lamellar or congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma types), trichorrhexis invaginata and other hair shaft anomalies, and atopic diathesis. Mutations in the gene SPINK 5, which encodes a serine pr... | 150,832 | medmcqa_train |
Most common mutation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma:- | Ca-Pancreas MC genetic mutation in Ca pancreas/ Cholangiocarcinoma - K-RAS > p-16 MC genetic mutation in Ca- GB - P53 > K-RAS MC genetic mutation in Ca stomach - P53 > COX - II | 150,833 | medmcqa_train |
"Onion skin" fibrosis of bile duct is seen in - | Ans (b) Primary sclerosing cholangitisRef: Robbings pathology 9th ed. I860PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS* Leads to obstructive jaundice leading to elevation of serum transaminases, gamma glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase* Typical onion skin fibrosis of bile ducts* Per-cutaneous transhepatic cholangiography ... | 150,834 | medmcqa_train |
A 52-year-old woman with a history of systemic hypeension and chronic renal failure undergoes kidney transplantation, but the graft fails to produce urine. A renal biopsy is diagnosed as "hyperacute transplant rejection." Graft rejection in this patient is caused primarily by which of the following mediators of immunit... | Hyperacute rejection Occurs within minutes to hours after transplantation. Manifested clinically as a sudden cessation of urine output, along with fever and pain in the area of the graft site. This immediate rejection is mediated by preformed antibodies and complement activation products. -Lymphocytes and macrophages (... | 150,835 | medmcqa_train |
An emerging viral pathogen causing pyelonephritis in kidney allograft recipients is | *Causes of viral lesions in renal transplantation : Polyomavirus, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, Ebstein Barr virus and by far the most common infection involving kidney transplants are polyoma virusPolyoma virus nephropathy:*Polyoma virus are double stranded, non encapsulated DNA virus*Types of polyoma virus are BK viru... | 150,836 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest type of organic hallucinosis is | The IPSS estimated that 70% ofschizophrenia patients experienced hallucinations. The most common hallucinations in schizophrenia are auditory, followed by visual Ref ganong's review of medical physiology 25e p157 | 150,837 | medmcqa_train |
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) according to the WHO criteria is: | Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) according to the WHO criteria is Weight for height less than median minus -3SD. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children of ages 6 to 59 months is defined by the WHO as any of the following: Weight-for-length (or height) below -3SD of the WHO child growth standards. Presence of bipeda... | 150,838 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presenting with painful Myositis Ossificans around Elbow. What should be the preferred treatment option in this case? | Ans. D. Immobilization* Treatment of myositis ossificans (MO): when MO is active, immobilization is the best treatment & any attempt at removal of the mass is hazardous.* When silent and ALP/ESR levels are normal, it can safely be removed (generally after 1.5 years) if causing block in movements.* Indomethacin/low dose... | 150,839 | medmcqa_train |
Not associated with diabetes mellitus | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hypothyroidism | 150,840 | medmcqa_train |
Growth hormone does not cause ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., HypothyroidismPhysiological effects of Growth hormone Growth hormone has two major action, i.e., (1) Stimulation of skeletal growth, and (2) Regulation of metabolism. 3) Stimulation of skeletal growthThe effect of GH on skeletal growth is mediated by somatomedins (Insulin-like growth factors : IGF). T... | 150,841 | medmcqa_train |
All is true About venous drainage of esophagus EXCEPT | Abdominal pa of esophagus Here, the veins drain paly into poal & paly into systemic circulation . Veins accompanying left gastric vein drain into poal vein. Others drain into hemiazygos, in thoracic cavity, & continue into vena azygous & superior vena cava. venous drainage of pa of esophagus Cervical pa - Drain into su... | 150,842 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is seen encysted in skeletal muscle of human | T. spiralis reprograms terminally differentiated skeletal muscle cells causing them to de-differentiate and re-enter the cell cycle, a process that cannot occur naturally in mammalianskeletal muscle cells, but one that holds great therapeutic potential. Ref ananthnarayana and panikers microbiology textbook 8/e | 150,843 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a function of angiotensin 2: | Angiotensin 2 Action:
Increases thirst.
Increases ADH secretion.
Increases aldosterone.
It is the most potent vasoconstrictor. | 150,844 | medmcqa_train |
Nails is formed in which week of IUL - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 10 - 12 week Age of fetus End of Ist month Impoant changes Length -1 cm, weight -21/2 gm Eyes are seen as two dark spots and mouth as a cleft Nucleated RBCs begin to form in placenta End of 2nd month Length -4 cm, weight - 10 gm First ossification center appears in clavicle (4-5 weeks) The anus is see... | 150,845 | medmcqa_train |
Venodilation in most of the tissue due to | (Decreases O2 tension): Ref: Mechanisms of clinical signs - Google Books Result books.google.co.in/books?isbn=072958075xMark Dennis, William Talbot Bowen, Lucy Cho - 2012 - MedicalLivedo Reticularis is essentially increased visibility of the venous plexus of the skin. Venodilatation of the vessels and deoxygenation of ... | 150,846 | medmcqa_train |
1st meiotic division of oogenesis gets arrested at : | The germ cell reach gonadal ridge by the 6th week to form oogonia which multiply by mitosis By 12th week the oogonia are arranged in clusters and are covered by a layer of follicular cells to form the primordial follicle The oogonia enter into the1st meiotic division but are arrested in diplotene stage of prophase and ... | 150,847 | medmcqa_train |
Humanized monoclonal antibody that binds IgE to prevent its binding to the high affinity IgE receptor and blocking IgE mediated allergic response and inflammation in Bronchial Asthma is: | An anti-IgE preparation, Omalizumab, is approved by the FDA for use as an add-on therapy in children >=12 yr who have moderate to severe allergic asthma that is difficult to control. | 150,848 | medmcqa_train |
A newborn 46 xx has external genitalia of male. All the following are the possible causes except: | Anti mullerian hormone defeciency causes persistance of mullerian ducts and are stimulated to form uterine tubes,uterus,cervix and upper vagina LANGMAN'S MEDICAL EMBYOLOGY,12 TH EDITION, Pg no:247 | 150,849 | medmcqa_train |
Which is false about adenocarcinoma of the lung? | NSCLC is divided fuher into adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and large cell carcinoma histologies. Adenocarcinoma, arising from the bronchial mucosal glands, is the most frequent non-small cell lung cancer, representing 35-40% of all lung cancers. It usually occurs in a peripheral location within the lung... | 150,850 | medmcqa_train |
If a thiazide diuretic is administered for hypeension, the response that is seen within 24 hrs on excretion is | Thiazides- medium efficacy diuretics with primary site of action in the early DT (Site III). Here they inhibit Na+-Ct sympo at the luminal membrane. Under their action, an increased amount of Na is presented to the distal nephron, more of it is exchanges with K+, urinary K+ excretion increased in parallel to the natriu... | 150,851 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a feature of MCA blockage? | Abulia is a feature of ACA territory stroke Features of entire MCA blockage at the origin: Acalculia, Agraphia, Finger agnosia, & Global aphasia is present due to the involvement of dominant lobe. Anosognosia, constructional apraxia, and neglect are found due to the involvement of non-dominant lobe. Contralateral hemip... | 150,852 | medmcqa_train |
To test the association between risk factor and disease, which of the following is the weakest study design | Coho study proceeds forward from cause to effect Case-control study proceeds backward from effect to cause An ecological study is an observational study defined by the level at which data are analyzed, namely at the population or group level, rather than individual level. | 150,853 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a calcium channel blockers | Refer kDT 7/e p562 Calcium channel blockers are prescription medications that relax blood vessels and increase the supply of blood and oxygen to the hea while also reducing the hea's workload. Examples of calcium channel blockers include: Amlodipine (Norvasc) | 150,854 | medmcqa_train |
Nitroglycerine is effective when adminsted sublingually because it is | Nitroglycerin is effective when retained sublingually because it is non ionized and has very high lipid solubility.Thus,the drug is absorbed very rapidly. (Ref-Goodman Gillman12th/e p124,125) | 150,855 | medmcqa_train |
Breech presentation is a risk factor for the following condition ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., DDH Risk factors for DDH/CDH (Remember 4Fs 1H0) Females First borns Familial :- DDH is found in families Faulty intrauterine position (Breech presentation) Hormone induced laxity Oligohydramnion | 150,856 | medmcqa_train |
Beta Oxidation which takes place in peroxisomes generate which of the following | Perxisomal β oxidation produces acetyl CoA and H2O2. It does not produce ATP unlike Mitochondrial beta oxidation. | 150,857 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is related with 'Thanatology' in forensic medicine? | Thanatology deals with death in all its aspects. The word "death" denotes the death of a human being. S.46, I.P.C.: Death denotes death of a human being unless the contrary appears from the context. Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology by Dr. K. S. Narayan Reddy, 27th edition, Page 119. | 150,858 | medmcqa_train |
IL-2 is secreted by | IL-2 is a typical four a helix cytokine and is produced primarily by activated CD4+ T cells, although expression by naive CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, and thymic cells has also been repoed (8, 9, 10, 11). In T cells, IL-2 synthesis is tightly regulated at the mRNA level by signals from the TCR and CD28 (12). | 150,859 | medmcqa_train |
Hemiplegia is commonly associated with infarction of the area of distribution of the: | Answer is B (Middle cerebral aery): The sensory motor coex is located on the lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere and is supplied by middle cerebral aery. Occlusion of the middle cerebral aery thus produces contrahtteral hemiplegia and contralateral hemisensory loss. | 150,860 | medmcqa_train |
Which leukotriene is the adhesion factor for the neutrophil on the cell surface to attach endothelium? | Ans: A (B4) Ref: Ammthanarayan R. Paniker CKJ. Textbook of Microbiology, 8th Edition. Hyderabad: Universities Press: 2009. Pg. 165Explanation:LeukotrienesA substance originally demonstrated in lungs, producing slow, sustained contraction of smooth muscles, and therefore termed slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SR... | 150,861 | medmcqa_train |
Congenital long QT syndrome is associated with neonatal - | Many people with long QT syndrome have no signs or symptoms. Symptoms that do occur are generally caused by abnormal hea rhythms or arrhythmias, most commonly a form of ventricular tachycardia called Torsades de pointes. If the arrhythmia reves to a normal rhythm by itself then the affected person may experience a fain... | 150,862 | medmcqa_train |
Sine wave in ECG is seen in? | a. Hyperkalemia(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 357-360)Hyperkalemia produces a sequence of changes in ECG:1st ECG finding: Narrowing and peaking (tenting) of the T wavesQFurther elevation of K+ leads to AV conduction disturbances, | P-wave amplitude & widening of QRS intervalSevere hyperkalemia eventually causes with a slow sinu... | 150,863 | medmcqa_train |
In DNA, adenine always pairs with | Chargaff observed that in DNA molecules the concentration of deoxyadenosine (A) nucleotides equals that of thymidine (T) nucleotides (A = T), while the concentration of deoxyguanosine (G) nucleotides equals that of deoxycytidine (C) nucleotides (G = C), led Watson, Crick, and Wilkins to propose in the early 1950s a mod... | 150,864 | medmcqa_train |
The most commonly repeated factor among this is | (C) Mode> The Median: The median is an average of a different kind, which does not depend upon the total and number of items. To obtain the median, the data is first arranged in an ascending or descending order of magnitude, and then the value of the middle observation is located, which is called the median.> The Mode"... | 150,865 | medmcqa_train |
Superficial inguinal ring is a defect in the: | The inguinal canal is an oblique passage through the lower pa of the anterior abdominal wall.The canal is about 1.5 in. (4 cm) long in the adult and extends from the deep inguinal ring, a hole in the fascia transversalis, downward and medially to the superficial inguinal ring, a hole in the aponeurosis of the external ... | 150,866 | medmcqa_train |
A 12-year-old boy presents with hematemesis, malaena and mild splenomegaly. There is no obvious jaundice or ascites. The most likely diagnosis is: | The given history is suggestive of poal hypeension Extrahepatic poal vein obstruction is an impoant cause of poal hypeension in childhood. | 150,867 | medmcqa_train |
Krukenberg&;s spindle seen in patients with pigmentary glaucoma refers to deposition of pigment on | PIGMENTARY GLAUCOMA It is a type of secondary open-angle glaucoma where in clogging up of the trabecular meshwork occurs by the pigment paicles. About 50% of patients with the pigment dispersion syndrome develop glaucoma . Clinical features: The condition typically occurs in young myopic males. Characteristic glaucomat... | 150,868 | medmcqa_train |
Daily additional requirement of protein in lactation is - | For women during lactation 74g per day is required for 0-6months,68g per day for next 6-12months.REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 25TH EDITION. PAGE NO - 693 | 150,869 | medmcqa_train |
The drug which releases NO | Ans.is'a'i.e.,HydralazineRef:GoodmanGilmanlTthlep'863, 249, 825NO donors, which release NO are used to elicit smooth muscle relaxation.Eg: Organic nitrates (nitroglycerine), Organic nitrites (Isoamylnitrite), Sodium nitroprusside, Nebivolol & Hydralazine | 150,870 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of osteomyelitis below 4 years of age? | Ans. d (H. influenzae) (Ref, Nelson pediatrics 18th/ 2843; Manual of orthopaedics by Marc, F. Swiontkowski p. 83)# S, aureus is the most common bacterial pathogen, followed by gram-negative rods, group A streptococcus, and H. influenzae (less likely now due to HIB vaccination).# Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most vital cau... | 150,871 | medmcqa_train |
Best uterine relaxation is seen with ? | Ans. 'd' i.e., Halothane Halogenated inhalational anaesthetic agents like halothane are powerful tocolytic agents. Halothane is anaesthetic of choice for internal version and manual removal of placenta. | 150,872 | medmcqa_train |
Prevalence of tuberculosis infection is determined by - | The tuberculin (Mantoux) test is the only means of estimating the prevalence of infection in a population . Ref:PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd edition , Page 185 | 150,873 | medmcqa_train |
Oral anticoagulant which inhibit thrombin directly- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dabigatran Parentral direct thrombin inhibitors o Argatrobano Hirudino Bivalirudino Lepirudino Melagatran o Desirudin Oral direct thrombin inhibitors o Dabigatran (recent)o Ximelagatran (withdrawn) | 150,874 | medmcqa_train |
An infectious disease shows iceberg phenomenon. That means it has ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., More subclinical cases Iceberg of disease Disease in a community may be compared with an iceberg. The floating tip of the iceberg represents what the physian sees in the community, i.e. clinical cases (Diagnosed case, symptomatic case or clinically apparent case). The vast submerged poion of the icebe... | 150,875 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the trophoblast does not invade spiral arterioles:- | Ans. (d) InterstitialRef: Williams Obstetrics 25th Ed; Page No-88* After implantation; trophoblast giving rise to villous and extra villous trophoblasts.* Extra villous trophoblasts contact with various maternal cell types because it migrate into the decidua and myometrium and also penetrate maternal vasculature.* Extr... | 150,876 | medmcqa_train |
Mode of trauma in petrous bone fracture | (Longitudinal) (97-Dhingra 4th) (698- Bailey & Love 25th)* The otic capsule is the hardest bone in the body. If trauma to the head is severe. Temporal bone fractures may occur. These tends to be either longitudinal (80%) or Transverse (20%)* Transverse fracture usually involve the labyrinth and lead to a sensorineural ... | 150,877 | medmcqa_train |
Postoperative ileus is most commonly seen in: | Ans. a. Colon (Ref: Sabiston 19/e p1244; Schwartz 9/e p992-993; Bailey 26th/1197-1198, 25th/1261-1262: Shackelford 7/e p592-593)Post-operative ileus is most commonly seen in colon.Post-operative IleusFollowing most abdominal operations or injuries, the motility of the GI tract is transiently impaired.Proposed mechanism... | 150,878 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about adenoids except | The adenoids are a mass of soft tissue behind the nasal cavity. Like lymph nodes, adenoids are pa of the immune system and are made of the same type of tissue (lymphoid tissue). White blood cells circulate through the adenoids and other lymphoid tissue, reacting to foreign invaders in the body. | 150,879 | medmcqa_train |
In which one of the following conditions the sialograph is contraindicated? | Ans. (c) Acute parotitisRef Bailey 25/e p755Sialography:* Contrast Examination of Salivary glands and DuctsIndication:* Salivary gland stones and stricture* Chronic Sialadenitis* Tumors of salivary glands* Contraindication:* Allergy to contrast* Acute Sialadenitis | 150,880 | medmcqa_train |
A health care system which is appropriate to everyone whether the service is needed at all in relation to essential human needs, can be accessible to everyone, available to everyone as first level of health care and the cost can be affordable by everyone is: | Ans. (a) Primary health careRef : K. Park 23rd ed. / 891-92* PHC is Primary Health Care outlined by Alma Ata in 1978.* It is defined as essential health care, which is characterized by 4 As# Acceptable (it should be acceptable by everyone)# Accessible (it should be accessible by everyone)# Available (it should be avail... | 150,881 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following embryologic structures give rise to the upper three fouh of vagina? | Upper three quaer of the vagina is developed from the fusion of the paramesonephric (mullerian) duct. Lower one fouh is developed by the canalisation of the sinovaginal bulbs which form by the proliferation of the urogenital sinus. Structures developing from mullerain duct are:Fallopian tubesUterus and cervixUpper thre... | 150,882 | medmcqa_train |
An infant with history of diarrhoea 5 days back has urea 200 mg% and creatinine 5 mg%. The platelet count is 90000. Fragmented R.B.C s are found in the peripheral smear. The most possible diagnosis – | The clues in this question are -
History of diarrhoea
Raised BUN and creatinine
Thrombocytopenia
Fragmented RBCs in the peripheral smear
All these suggest the diagnosis of HUS. | 150,883 | medmcqa_train |
CYP 3A4 enzymes are affected by: | carbamezepine is metabolised by cyp3a4 enzyme inducers will enhance the metabolism of other drugs eg for enzyme inducers- phenytoin, phenobarbitone, carbamazepine, chronic alcoholism, smoking, st johns wa Pg.no 23 KD TRIPATHI Seventh edition | 150,884 | medmcqa_train |
A child with a constellation of finding including fever, disabling arthritis, rash, and blindness is MOST likely suffering form | A child with a constellation of findings including fever, disabling arthritis, rash, and blindness is most likely suffering from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). JRA is characterized by a chronic synovial inflammation of unknown origin; it most commonly affects the knees, but can also manifest in wrists, ankles, a... | 150,885 | medmcqa_train |
As absolute contraindication of MRI is: | Pacemaker | 150,886 | medmcqa_train |
Caries associated with sealants is assessed by: | ICDAS—International Caries Detection and Assessment System
CARS—Caries Adjacent to Restorations & Sealants
CAMBRA—Caries Management by Risk Assessment (In USA)
The ICDAS records caries in 2 stages: | 150,887 | medmcqa_train |
Ramu, age 10 yr present with itching in his eye, foreign body sensation, & ropy discharge since several months. These symptoms are more prominent in summer. Most probable diagnosis is | A i.e. Vernal conjunctivitis | 150,888 | medmcqa_train |
Alvarado scoring in appendicitis includes all expect: | Alvarado (MANTRELS) scores Manifestation Score Symptoms Migratory RIF pain Anorexia Nausea and vomiting 1 1 1 Signs Tenderness (RIF) Rebound tenderness Elevated temperature 2 1 1 Laboratory Leuocytosis Shift to left 2 1 Total 10 Scores Prediction 9-10 Appendicitis is ceain 7-8 High likelihood of appendicitis 5-6 Equivo... | 150,889 | medmcqa_train |
Splenic vein thrombosis is best treated by - | • Portal hypertension due to isolated splenic vein thrombosis is known as left sided portal hypertension or sinistral hypertension.
• Pressure in portal vein and SMV are normal
• There is gastrosplenic venous hypertension leading to formation of gastric varices
Causes
• Pancreatitis (MC) leading to splenic vein thromb... | 150,890 | medmcqa_train |
A patient has a miotic pupil, LOP = 25, normal anterior chamber, hazy cornea and a shallow anterior chamber in fellow eye. Diagnosis is: | A i.e. Acute Anterior uveitis Acute anterior uveitis presents with - usually normal intra-ocular pressure, deep anterior chamber with miotic sluggishly reacting pupil and hazy cornea due to K.P.'s.Q where as Acute congestive glaucoma present with markedly raised IOP, very shallow anterior chamber, oval dilated (mydriat... | 150,891 | medmcqa_train |
A child presents with perioral rash and pigmentation of palmar area. What is the cause? | Option A: Selenium deficiency shows cardiomyopathy.
Option B: Manganese deficiency presents with hypercholesterolemia and weight loss.
Option C: Copper deficiency leads to neurological manifestations. | 150,892 | medmcqa_train |
The following constitutes approximately 75% of total immunoglobin in humans - | IgG is the main serum immunoglobulin consisting of 80% of the total. equally distributed between intravascular and extravascular compaments. The normal serum concentration of IgG is about 8-16 mg per ml. Reference : Anathanarayan & paniker's 9th edition, pg no: 96, <\p> | 150,893 | medmcqa_train |
A 3 year old girl presents with recurrent UTI. On USG shows hydronephrosis with filling defect and negative shadow of bladder with no ectopic orifice? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Ureterocele | 150,894 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is retroperitoneal? | Ans: b) PancreasDuring development some organs grow into the peritoneal cavity and become intraperitoneal. Eg: Stomach, small intestine, liver, spleenSome organs develop behind the peritoneum and are called retroperitoneal organs like ureters and kidneySecondarily retroperitoneal organs are part of gastrointestinal tra... | 150,895 | medmcqa_train |
Osmotic pressure of 1 mol of ideal solute relative to pure water is: | 1 mol of an ideal solute dissolved in 1000g of water (a 1m or molal solution) at 1 atm pressure yield a solution whose osmotic pressure relative to pure water is 22.4atm (250C). Ref: Principles of Medical Physiology by Sabyasachi Sircar, 2008/2-22 | 150,896 | medmcqa_train |
Person had severe pruritis while taking hot shower and presents with deep vein thrombosis. He also had JAK 2 mutation and hypeension. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis of this patient? | The presence of JAK2 mutation indicates that it is an example of Myeloproliferative disorder. Polycythemia vera is strongly associated with activating point mutations in the tyrosine kinase JAK2. Clinical features: Headache, dizziness, hypeension,Intense pruritus and peptic ulceration possibly resulting from the releas... | 150,897 | medmcqa_train |
A 70 kg man was given a drug with dose of 100 mg/ kg bd. wt. t'/2 is 10 hours, plasma conc" is 1.9 mg/ml clearance is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 0.22 L/hr | 150,898 | medmcqa_train |
Borchardt&;s triad of acute epigastric pain, violent retching and inability to pass a nsogastric tube is seen in patients with | A volvulus is a twisting or axial rotation of a poion of bowel about its mesentery. When complete it forms a closed loop of obstruction with resultant ischaemia secondary to vascular occlusion. Ref: Bailey & Love&;s Sho Practice of Surgery,E25,Page-1193 | 150,899 | medmcqa_train |
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