query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Baholin's cyst is caused by : | Ans. is c i.e. Gonococcus Baholin cyst It is the commonest cyst of the vulva.deg The cyst represents dilatation of Baholin glanddeg / duct as a result of fibrosis which follows either infection or trauma. It was formerly believed that the infection was invariably Gonococcaldeg but almost any organism can be responsible... | 156,800 | medmcqa_train |
In delirium tremens all of the following statements are TRUE, EXCEPT: | Delirium tremens is the most serious alcohol withdrawal syndrome which begins 3 to 5 days after cessation of drinking and lasts for up to 72 hours. Patients are usually confused and agitated. Other characteristic features includes fever, sweating, tachycardia, hypeension, and hallucinations. Death can result from conco... | 156,801 | medmcqa_train |
In chronic arsenic poisoning the following samples can be sent for laboratory examination,except - | Arsenic is rapidly cleared from the blood and is distributed to various organs and tissues, where it is detectable for prolonged periods. Blood sample is thus of use only in a case of acute poisoning, but not in chronic poisoning.
In chronic poisoning arsenic is found in hair, nails, bones, skin etc. and its detection ... | 156,802 | medmcqa_train |
Dangerous area of scalp is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Subaponeurotic tissueo The scalp is soft tissue which covers the calvaria of skull. It consists of five layers and can be memorised by a mnemonic using the initial letters of the word. SCALPa) Skinb) Close network of connective tissue (superficial fascia)c) Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) with occipi... | 156,803 | medmcqa_train |
Reservoir of tetanus bacilli is | Ans. b (Soil). (Ref. Ananthanarayan, Microbiology, 4th/pg.245)TETANUS# Caused by Clostridium tetani# Seen following deep or penetrating wound in relatively avascular areas# More prevalent in developing countries# Seen in neonate (tetanus neonaturum) following the use of cow dung on the umbilicus# Microbiology- Gram-pos... | 156,804 | medmcqa_train |
Which local anesthetic has a shoer duration of action? | Procaine has least duration among the following. Procaine,Bencocaine,chlorprocaine all of them are sho acting LA. <img class="fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 300px;" src=" />Ref: Katzung 13e pg: 443 | 156,805 | medmcqa_train |
What is the risk of an affected individual transmitting an autosomal dominant disease to his/her offspring? | a. 50%(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 593, Ghai 8/e p 641) | 156,806 | medmcqa_train |
Duplex ultrasonography combines: | Ans. B. B-mode imaging and pulse-wave doppler examinationAn objective assessment of the severity of disease is obtained by noninvasive techniques. These include digital pulse volume recordings, doppler flow velocity waveform analysis, duplex ultrasonography (which combines b-mode imaging and pulse-wave doppler examinat... | 156,807 | medmcqa_train |
Roll back malaria included all except - | Insecticides nets, Strengthening health system, Develop new insecticide,. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 243 | 156,808 | medmcqa_train |
Charcot&;s triad Except | Seen in ascending cholangitis, stone in the CBD due to impaction causes obstruction and stasis. obstruction causes jaundice and pain, stasis leads to infection, bacteremia and fever Reference SRB edition: 5 page:651 | 156,809 | medmcqa_train |
Nasal swabs preserved in - | Ans- C. Ref- Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Fifth Edition - Krishan Vij Explanation - Cocaine can be recovered by sampling from recent injection sites, or by swabs from the nasal mucosa. Brain is an excellent source for its detection where cocaine may be found not only in dopamine-rich areas such as caud... | 156,810 | medmcqa_train |
Who are NOT benificaiaries of ICDS scheme - | parks textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition * major beneficiaries of ICDS are pregnant women,nursing mothers,other women 15-45years,children less than 3years,children in age group 3-6years,adolescent girls11-18years. | 156,811 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the best method for radiation protection of the operator? | Operators of radiographic equipment should use barrier protection when possible, and barriers should contain a leaded glass window to enable the operator to view the patient during exposure. When shielding is not possible, the operator should stand at least two meters from the tube head and out of the path of the prima... | 156,812 | medmcqa_train |
PPIs are use used in | Ans. is'd'i.e., All of the above PPI are the DOC for peptic ulcer (gastric or duodenal), GERD, ZE syndrome, prevention of aspiration pneumonia and NSAID induced gastric / duodenal ulcers. Note - PGEI analogue (Misoprostol) is specific drug for prevention and treatment of NSAID induced ulcer, but DOC is PPI. | 156,813 | medmcqa_train |
True about nenatal necrotizing enterocolitis ? | Ans. is d i.e., All of the above Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common life threatening emergency of gastrointestinal tract in the new born period. o The disease is characterized by various degree of mucosal or transmural necrosis of the intestine. o It occurs in prema... | 156,814 | medmcqa_train |
When do we have to sta antibiotics to prevent post-operative infection? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 1 hour before surgery & continue after surgery Prophylactic antibiotics are administered before the skin incision is made. Repeat dosing occurs at an appropriate interval, usually 3 hours for abdominal cases or twice the half-life of the antibiotic. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis generally is no... | 156,815 | medmcqa_train |
Succinyl CoA is formed by all except ? | Histidine, proline, glutamine, arginineGlutamatea a-ketoglutaratelsoleucine, methionine, valineSuccinyl CoATyrosine, phenylalanineFumarateTryptophanAlanine a PyruvateHydroxyproline, serine, cysteine, threonine, glycinePyruvate | 156,816 | medmcqa_train |
Causes of female pseudohermaphroditism – | Ambiguous genitalia (Hermaphroditism)
Ambiguous genitalia is defined as a discrepancy between the external genitals and internal gonads.
They can be categorized : -
Female pseudohermaphroditism
Male pseudohermaphroditism
True hermaphroditism
Female pseudohermaphroditism.
Genotype is XX
Gonads are ovaries
External ... | 156,817 | medmcqa_train |
All are tests for sperm except - | Luminol test is used for blood stain (luminol spray).
Florence test, barberio's test and acid phosphatase test are used for semen. | 156,818 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statements about Xanthogranulomatous inflammation are true, except: | Tuberculosis is usually associated with caseating granulomatosis. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is not seen in tuberculosis. Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease 6th edn/page 977. | 156,819 | medmcqa_train |
Single pelvic ala is present in: | Ans. B. Naegele's pelvisNaegele's pelvis - Ala on one side is absenta. Robert's pelvis - Ala on both sides are absentb. Osteomalacic pelvis - the shape of inlet is triradiatec. Rachitic pelvis - shape of inlet is reniformd. The expected date of delivery can be calculated by Naegele's rule | 156,820 | medmcqa_train |
Skin scrapping & KOH mounting is done for ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Fungus Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infection Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infection depends on : ? l. Recognition of the pathogen in tissue microscopy : - Tissue specimens, such as skin scraping, are generally examined as wet mounts after treatment with 10% KOH. KOH (alkali) digests cells and oth... | 156,821 | medmcqa_train |
Dermatophytes can affect: March 2012 | Ans: D i.e. All of the above Three genera of dermatophytes infect skin and appendages: Trichophyton (skin, hairs and nails), Microsporum (skin and hairs) and Epidermophyton (skin and nails) | 156,822 | medmcqa_train |
Bradykinin causes: | Bradykinin acts in the early stage of inflammation and its effects include:
Smooth muscle contraction
Vasodilatation
Increased vascular permeability
Pain.
Mohan H. Textbook of pathology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2015. Page: 126 | 156,823 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is Autosomal Dominant: | Answer A (Retinoblastoma) : Retinoblastoma presents dominant inheritance with variable penetrance | 156,824 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about Ribozyme | The substrate for ribozymes is often an RNA molecule, and it may even be pa of the ribozyme itself Ribozymes vary greatly in size. A self-splicing group I intron may have more than 400 nucleotides. The hammerhead ribozyme consists of two RNA strands with only 41 nucleotides in all. As with protein enzymes, the three-di... | 156,825 | medmcqa_train |
Majority of patients with HNPCC have mutations in ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., MSH 2 Hereditary Nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is caused by inherited mutations in genes that encode proteins responsible for the detection, excision, and repair of errors that occur during DNA replication. | 156,826 | medmcqa_train |
One year old male child with cat\'s eye reflex and raised IOT – | Leukocoria with raised IOT is characteristic of retinoblastoma. | 156,827 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following drugs are used for treatment of hyperkalaemia, EXCEPT: | Beta agonists are used for shifting potassium into the cells in patients with hyperkalemia with ECG changes. Drugs used to treat hyperkalemia in patients with ECG changes are: Intravenous calcium gluconate (stabilize cardiac membrane) IV insulin, beta 2 agonists, IV NaHCO3 (shift potassium into cells) Methods of potass... | 156,828 | medmcqa_train |
Haverhill fever is caused by ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Streptobacillus moniliformis Streptobacillus moniliformis causes rat-bite fever in humans.It enters the body through the wound caused by the rat bite.The infection also occurs by the ingestion of water, milk or food contaminated with rat excreta. In these cases, the infection is known as 'Haverhill fe... | 156,829 | medmcqa_train |
Primordial germ cells originate in the | Primordial germ cells originate in the epiblast Primordial germ cells (PGCs), also known as primitive sex cells originate in the epiblast at the caudal end of the primitive streak. PGCs are the precursors of gametes in both genders. PGCs arise in the epiblast during the 2nd week of development. They pass through the pr... | 156,830 | medmcqa_train |
Which bacteria is known as pfeiffer's bacillus | H influenzae - pfeiffer's bacillus
M pneumoniae - Eaton's agent
B pseudomallei - Whitmore bacillus. | 156,831 | medmcqa_train |
Lutembacker syndrome includes all except- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., VSD * Lutembacher syndrome is defined as a combination of mitral stenosis and a left-to-right shunt at the atrial level.* Typically, the left-to-right shunt is an atrial septal defect (ASD) of the ostium secundum variety. | 156,832 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug is used postop to reverse the effect of heparin used intraoperatively in cardiac surgery? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Protamine sulfate Protamine Sulfate* It is a strongly basic, low molecular weight protein obtained from the sperm of certain fish.* Given i.v.it neutralises heparin weight for weight, i.e. 1 mg is needed for every 100 U of heparin.* For the treatment of heparin induced bleeding, due consideration must... | 156,833 | medmcqa_train |
An infant presents with irritability, increased tone of extremities and recurrent seizures. Tissue examination reveals globoid cells in parenchyma around blood vessels. What is the most probable diagnosis? | (Refer: Nelson’ss textbook of pediatrics, 19th edition, pg no: 2071-2072)
Krabbe disease (KD)/globoid cell leukodystrophy
Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder.
Characterized by severe myelin loss and the presence of globoid bodies in the white matter.
Deficiency of lysosomal enzyme galactocerebroside β- gala... | 156,834 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following antibodies is most frequently seen in Antiphospholipid Syndrome ? | Anti- beta 2 glycoprotein antibodies are the most frequently observed antibodies in patient with APLA syndrome amongst the options provided | 156,835 | medmcqa_train |
In extra amniotic 2nd trimester medicolegal termination of pregnancy, which of the following is used? | Ans. is a, i.e. Ethacrydine lactateRef. Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 173Ethacridine lactate is drug of choice for extra-amniotic instillationAvailable as injection Emcredil (0.1%)Foleys catheter is introduced into extra-amniotic or extraovular space and bulb is inflated by 10-20 ml of Ethacridine solution.Dose is calculated as 10... | 156,836 | medmcqa_train |
Advantage of LSCS are all EXCEPT: | Lateral extension REF: Dutta 6th ed p. 595 ADVATNAGES OF LSCS Less blood loss Perfect apposition Less peritoneal infections Less morbid Better apposition of margins Minimal wound hematoma Less chance of gutter formation Lateral extension of the incision leading to hemorrhage is a complication or disadvantage of LSCS | 156,837 | medmcqa_train |
A 48 year old woman presented with self inflicted injuries, auditory hallucinations, and delusional disorder. A routine MRI revealed a tumor invloving the posterior limb of the internal capsule and the structure medial to it. Which of the following structures are likely to be affected? | The thalamus lies medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule. The internal capsule seperates the thalamus and the caudate nucleus from the lentiform nucleus (globus pallidus+ putamen). It is V-shaped in horizontal section and is divided into the anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, retrolenticular pa, and sub... | 156,838 | medmcqa_train |
An infant present with bilateral white pupillary reflex. On slit lamp examination a zone of opacity is observed around the fetal nucleus with spoke like radial opacities. The most likely diagnosis is: | Ans. Lamellar cataract | 156,839 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following agents decreases bone resorption in osteoporosis, Except - | A drug used in osteoporosis
Inhibit resorption: - Bisphosphonates, denosumab, cinacalcet, calcitonin, estrogen, SERMS, gallium nitrate.
Stimulateformation : -Teriparatide, calcium, calcitrial, fluorides,.
Both actions : - Strontium, renelate.
Drugs decreasing bone resorption initially increase bone mineral density (... | 156,840 | medmcqa_train |
When an association between two variable is explained by a third variable due to indirect association. It is called as? | .confounding bias is used as a third variable to explain the association between two variables caused due to indirect association ref:park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,22nd edition,pg no 71 | 156,841 | medmcqa_train |
In PML, all of the following are seen except - | Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML, APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer of the white blood cells. In APL, there is an abnormal accumulation of immature granulocytes called promyelocytes. The disease is characterized by a chromosomal translocation involving the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARa ... | 156,842 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion is true? | Ans. (b) It requires a carrier proteinIf Diffusion happens without energy but with the help of carrier protein, it's called facilitated diffusionOne good example of a substance that use facilitated diffusion carrier protein is GLUCOSE transport using Glucose Transporters (GLUT) | 156,843 | medmcqa_train |
A 32-year-old patient has decreased pain and temperature sensation in the upper extremities, atrophy of the intrinsic muscles of his hand, and brisk deep tendon reflexes in the upper extremity. Your diagnosis? | The patient is an adult with decreased pain and temperature sensation in the upper extremities, atrophy of the intrinsic muscles of his hand, and brisk deep tendon reflexes in the upper extremity. This constellation of clinical findings strongly suggests syringomyelia, which most commonly affects the cervical spinal co... | 156,844 | medmcqa_train |
Which sinus is the last sinus to appear radiologically on X-ray? | Ans. is'c'i.e., Frontal sinus[Ref Textbook Of The Ear, Nose And Throat By De Soum, C. Et Al. p 394) | 156,845 | medmcqa_train |
Blood group antigens chemically are | Ans is 'b' i.e.,Glycoprotein The ABO antigens are determined to be glycoproteins and glycolipids. | 156,846 | medmcqa_train |
Lactiferous duct of breast contraction is due to: | Ans. C. Oxytocin* Oxytocin primarily results in stimulation of two specific types of muscular contraction:* Uterine muscular contraction during parturition* Breast lactiferous duct myoepithelial contraction during milk let down reflex.A Brief on Breast Functional Anatomy* The areola is central, pigmented portion of bre... | 156,847 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presents to the emergency depament with uniocular diplopia. Examination with oblique illumination shows golden crescent while . examination with co-axial illumination show a dark crescent line. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis - | Ectopia lentis is a displacement or malposition of the eye's crystalline lens from its normal location. A paial dislocation of a lens is termed lens subluxation or subluxated lens; a complete dislocation of a lens is termed lens luxation or luxated lens. Uniocular diplopia is due to paial aphakia. Edge of subluxated le... | 156,848 | medmcqa_train |
The monoclonal antibody useful in the treatment of PNH is: | By blocking the complement cascade downstream of C5, eculizumab abolishes complement-dependent intravascular hemolysis in all PNH patients, and significantly improves their quality of life. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 884 | 156,849 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following agents is likely to cause cerebral calcification and hydrocephalus in a newborn whose mother has history of taking spiramycin but was not complaint with therapy – | This question is straight forward; spiramycin is in pregnancy is given for toxoplasmosis. Prenatally acquired T.gondii may infect the brain and retina of the fetus and can cause chorioretinitis, intracerebral calcifications, and hydrocephalus.
Cerebral calcification and hydrocephalus may also occur with congenital CMV ... | 156,850 | medmcqa_train |
Most malignant tumor of salivary glands - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Adenoid cystic carcinoma | 156,851 | medmcqa_train |
On MRI, the differential diagnosis of spinal cord edema is: | Myelomalacia is a increased T2w signal in the spinal cord where the spinal cord is atrophic with gliosis producing small and bright appearence of spinal cord | 156,852 | medmcqa_train |
The graph shown in the illustration is known as: | Ans. B. Cystometrograma. Cystometry, also known as flow cystometry, is a clinical diagnostic procedure used to evaluate bladder function. Specifically,b. it measures contractile force of the bladder when voiding. The resulting chart generated from cystometric analysis is known as a CYSTOMETROGRAM (CMG), which plots vol... | 156,853 | medmcqa_train |
Perineal body muscles include all of the following except? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., IliacusTen muscles of perineum converge and interlace in the perineal body -A) Two unpaired - (i) External anal sphincter, (ii) Fibres of longitudinal muscle coat of anal canal.B) Four paired:- (i) Bulbospongiosus, (ii) Superficial transverse perenei, (iii) Deep transversus perenei, (iv) Levator ani.I... | 156,854 | medmcqa_train |
Phobia is defined as - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Excessive unreasonable fear about a specific situation o Phobia is persistent and morbid fear of specific situation, object or activity.Phobic disorderso Phobia is persistent and morbid fear of specific situation, object or activity. The fear is morbid because : - a) The fear is irrational: The object... | 156,855 | medmcqa_train |
Carbohydrates malabsorption is detected by: | Breath hydrogen test: used to identify the specific carbohydrate (lactose, sucrose, fructose, or glucose) that is malabsorbed. Ex: Lactose, if not absorbed in the small intestine, reaches the colon, where it is fermented to sho-chain organic acids, releasing hydrogen that is detected in the lactose breath test Rapid ur... | 156,856 | medmcqa_train |
Shy, self oriented and relationship problems are seen in which personality disorder: | Persons with Schizoid personality disorder will be shy, isolated and uncomfortable with human interactions & hence relationship problems. | 156,857 | medmcqa_train |
Best test for detecting seminal stain is: | Image 1.- p30 test (Best test for seminal fluid is microscopy.) Image 2 -Barberio's test Image3-Florence test Image 4-Acid phosphatase test Some hot points for Blood Stain and Semen1. For identification of a blood stain the most reliable test is Spectroscopic test.2. Screening bloodstain --> presence of enzyme Peroxida... | 156,858 | medmcqa_train |
Grade I benign prostate with outflow obstruction is best treated with - | • MC indication for surgery is symptoms interfering with quality of life (bothersome symptoms and symptoms of BOO).
• TURP (Gold standard) :
−− Cystoscopic removal of strips of prostatic tissue using diathermy loop. Two techniques; NESBIT technique (preferred maver mayer technique)
−− Best irrigant fluid is 1.5% glycin... | 156,859 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following forms Anterior boundary of Middle mediastinum? | BOUNDARIES OF MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM: Anteriorly - sterno-pericardial ligaments Posteriorly - esophagus, descending thoracic aoa, Azygos vein On each side - Mediastinal pleura | 156,860 | medmcqa_train |
Herring Breuer reflex is an increase in ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Duration of expirationThe Hering-Breuer inflation reflex is an increase in the duration of expiration produced by steady lung inflation, and the Hering-Breuer deflation reflex is a decrease in the duration of expiration produced by marked deflation of the lung. | 156,861 | medmcqa_train |
A PATIENT WAS ON LITHIUM THERAPY FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER FOR 6MONTHS SHE KEPT THE FAST FOR FEW DAYS .SHE PRESENTED WITH S3 , COARSE TREMORS , CONFUSION AND WEAKNESS OF LIMBS. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SHOULD BE DONE NEXT TO ASSESS HER CONDITION ? | REF : KD TRIPATHI 8TH ED | 156,862 | medmcqa_train |
A child can withhold and postpone bowel movements by the age of: | Ans: b (3 years) Ref: OP Ghai,6th, ed, p. 47At the age of 3 years, a child can withhold and postpone his bowel movements.* Gastrocol ic reflex weakens by 4 months* Bowel movement becomes irregular without any relation to eating by 7 months.* Toddler can walk to the toilet by the age of 15 to 18 months and is usually re... | 156,863 | medmcqa_train |
10 year old girl with primary amenorrhoea, absent breasts, malformed uterus. The most likely diagnosis: | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Turner's syndrome Swyer syndrome (Pure gonadal dysgenesis)Patients with pure gonadal dysgenesis have XY karyotype.In these cases primitive germ cells do not migrate to the genital ridge so testis will not develop instead, the patients have streak gonads.Normal testis secretes Mullerian inhibiting facto... | 156,864 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not seen in scoline apnea | Ans. d. It occurs due to deficiency of cholinesterase | 156,865 | medmcqa_train |
Diabetic gangrene is due to - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above | 156,866 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum damage to skin is caused by | Ans. c (Orthovoltage X-ray) (Ref. Harrison's medicine 17th ed. 484)# External Beam therapy unit includea. X-ray machine orb. Teletherapy unit (i.e. Linear Acclerator or Cobalt-60 unit)# Beams used for external radiotherapy are# X-ray beams:a. Conventionalb. Superficial: 40 to 120 kVc. Orthovoltage: 250 to 400 kVd. Mega... | 156,867 | medmcqa_train |
Egyptian opthalmia is- | Trachoma (previously known as Egyptian ophthalmia) is a chronic keratoconjunctivitis, primarily affecting the superficial epithelium of conjunctiva and cornea simultaneously. It is characterised by a mixed follicular and papillary response of conjunctival tissue It is still one of the leading causes of preventable blin... | 156,868 | medmcqa_train |
An alcoholic person comes to your office, he can't tell his name, there is gross incordination in walking and his eye is deviated to one side. What is your diagnosis? | Incordination in walking (ataxia), and deviation of the eye to one side (ophthalmoplegia due to 6th nerve palsy) and inability to tell his name (suggests of confusion) in an alcoholic suggest the diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy. | 156,869 | medmcqa_train |
Lateral ventricle is connected to third ventricle by? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Foramen of Monro Ventricles of brain These are cavities in the brain lined by ependyma and filled with CSF.They contain choroid plexuses with secrete CSF.These are four fluid filled intercommunicating cavities within the brain :- (i) two lateral ventricles (right and left), (ii) third ventricle, and (... | 156,870 | medmcqa_train |
A 28-year-old woman patient who is 13 weeks pregnant presents for an antenatal clinic appointment. The patient feels embarrassed when asked to provide a urine sample and produces enough for a urine dipstick test only which is positive for leukocytes and nitrites. The patient denies any symptoms. The most appropriate tr... | The treatment of symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria is impoant to prevent complications in pregnancy. Empiric treatment for common organisms such as Escherichia coli and Proteus should be administered while maintaining safety. Penicillins and cephalosporins, such as cephalexin (D), are safe for use during pregnan... | 156,871 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following amino acid residue is carboxylated by Vitamin K? | Vitamin K is the cofactor for g-carboxylation of glutamate residues of protein to produce g-carboxy glutamate (gla). This process is known as Vitamin K epoxide cycle (as illustrated in the image below). | 156,872 | medmcqa_train |
Tricyclic Anti depressant are contraindicated in | A i.e. Glucoma | 156,873 | medmcqa_train |
Esophagus is present in all except | It passes through the mediastinum in both the superior and the inferior posterior sections before entering the abdominal cavity by passing through the right crus of the diaphragm at the level of the tenth thoracic veebrae. ref - BDC vol1 6e pg 282 | 156,874 | medmcqa_train |
Fatty acid present in breast milk which is impoant for growth & CNS development is: | Human milk contains 30 times more DHA than cow's milk- predominant fatty acid in brain and retina | 156,875 | medmcqa_train |
All are true regarding course of ureter in pelvis except | Obturator vessels and nerve lie laterally in relation to ureter at pelvic brim. | 156,876 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of hypoglycemia due to insulin is all except | Adrenaline is a counter-regulatory hormone. Hypoglycemia is managed by glucose or oral carbohydrates or oral juices or Glucagon other counter regulatory hormones are growth hormone,steroids. Ref: Harrison16th ed. Pg 2185 | 156,877 | medmcqa_train |
In Rh Isoimmunization, exchange transfusion is indicated in all of the following except: | d. Hydrops fetalis(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 871-879, Ghai 8/e p 172-176)Indications of Exchange transfusion in a neonate with Rh incompatibility are:Cord hemoglobin <10g/dL or Cord bilirubin >5mg/dLDirect coomb's test positive & H/o kernicterus or severe erythroblastosis in a sibling. | 156,878 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the BEST way to treat medullary carcinoma of thyroid? | Treatment of choice for the medullary carcinoma of thyroid is the Total thyroidectomy + modified radical neck dissection. But the option is not provided among options. As total thyroidectomy is provide in option 3 and 4 so answer should be either 3 or 4 Now as far as radioiodine is concerned, it is clearly mentioned in... | 156,879 | medmcqa_train |
Hea-lung machines are sterilized by? | ETHYLENE DIOXIDE its action is due to alkylating the amino ,carboxy,hydroxyland sulphydrl groups in protein molecules. In addition it reacts with DNA and RNA. It is use as a disinfectant presents a potential toxicity to human beings including mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. it diffuses through many types of porous ma... | 156,880 | medmcqa_train |
A G2P1 A0 presents with full-term pregnancy with tranverse lie in the first stage of labour. On examination, cervix is 5 cm dilated, membranes are intact and fetal hea sounds are regular. What would be the appropriate management in this case : | Cesarean section | 156,881 | medmcqa_train |
Organic nitrates can lead to the development of tolerance when used chronically. Which of the following preparations is least likely to develop tolerance: | Tolerance develops to nitrates, when these are present constantly in the blood. Sublingual route leads to immediate action of nitrates and these act for a sho time. Other preparations mentioned in the question are more likely to give consistent plasma levels of nitrates leading to development of tolerance. | 156,882 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs is an inhibitor of cytochrome p450 enzymes? | Ans. (A) Ketoconazole(Ref: KDT 8th/e p30)Ketoconazole is a powerful microsomal enzyme inhibitor whereas rifampicin, phenobarbitone and phenytoin are enzyme inducers. | 156,883 | medmcqa_train |
The mother of a 2-week-old infant reports that since birth, her infant sleeps most of the day; she has to awaken her every 4 hours to feed, and she will take only an ounce of formula at a time. She also is concerned that the infant has persistently hard, pellet-like stools. On your examination you find an infant with n... | The clinical findings of congenital hypothyroidism are subtle, and may not be present at all at birth; this is thought to be a result of passage of some maternal T4 transplacentally. Infants with examination findings will usually have an umbilical hernia and a distended abdomen. The head may be large, and the fontanell... | 156,884 | medmcqa_train |
Number of ovum at bih is | In humans no ova formed after bih. at time of bih there are 2 million ova.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no: 401 | 156,885 | medmcqa_train |
A 40 year old male patient came for routine checkup. Patient is a smoker and has a sedentary lifestyle .General examination reveals truncal obesity. Physician warns the patient against the coronary heart disease chances. The physician is evaluating the risk factors which maybe all except: | Additional factors considered to play a part in coronary heart disease include high blood pressure, smoking, male gender, obesity (particularly abdominal obesity), lack of exercise, and drinking soft as opposed to hard water. Factors associated with elevation of plasma FFA followed by increased output of triacylglycero... | 156,886 | medmcqa_train |
A 30-year-old woman complains of weakness and fatigability over the past 6 months. She has a 3-month acute history of severe hypertension that has required treatment with antihypertensive medications. Radiographic examination reveals a tumor of her right suprarenal gland. The patient is diagnosed with a pheochromocytom... | The preganglionic sympathetic fibers running to the adrenal gland would be cut during adrenalectomy for they synapse on catecholamine-secreting cells within the adrenal medulla. Unlike the normal route of sympathetic innervation, which is to first synapse in a sympathetic ganglion and then send postganglionic fibers to... | 156,887 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of choice for acute panic attacks is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Benzodiazepines Treatment of Panic disorderso Two most effective treatment are:1) Pharmacotherapy:- The cornerstone of drug therapy is andidepressants. SSRIs (Fluoxetine or other) are the preferred agents. Because therapeutic effect of antidepressants takes some time to develop, intially Benzodiazepine... | 156,888 | medmcqa_train |
You are conducting an autopsy on a patient and you find the so-called ladder tears near the main lesion on a major blood vessel. What is the most likely cause of the injury and subsequent death of the person? | The aoa may rupture as a result of sudden deceleration as in A. The aoic rupture is circular and clean cut and appears as if it was cut by a sharp knife. Sometimes multiple transverse internal tears adjacent to the main rupture is seen and these are called ladder tears. Ref: Textbook of Forensic Medicine by Narayana Re... | 156,889 | medmcqa_train |
Dilution segment in nephron is: | Ans. a. Ascending LOH | 156,890 | medmcqa_train |
A 9-year-old boy is brought with history of decreased urine output, cola colored urine and swelling of the face & hands of 2 days duration. He is hypeensive, has a puffy face and pitting edema of the lower limbs. He has history of skin lesions 4 weeks earlier. A diagnosis of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is mad... | C3 levels are likely to return to normal in- 8 weeks According to some sources, C3 level normalises in 6-8 weeks & according to other, its 8-12 weeks. So the closest ans- 8 weeks | 156,891 | medmcqa_train |
A child has a history of profuse watery diarrhea, not taking orally and not passed urine for 2 days, which of the following to be given? | A child having a history of profuse watery diarrhea with poor oral intake and not passed urine for 2 days is suffering from diarrhea with dehydration and probably an acute renal failure of pre-renal types.Here the best choice is intravenous fluids.If IV access not possible, then you can give feed through Ryle's tube or... | 156,892 | medmcqa_train |
The physical quality of life index takes into account all of the following factors except | Ref: Parks 23rd edition pg 17 PQLI includes literacy, infant moality rate and life expectancy at age 1. | 156,893 | medmcqa_train |
Prolactin secretion is inhibited by: | Ans. is 'd' i.e. BromocriptineRef. K.D.T. 4th/ep244, K.D.T 5th/ep217Prolactin is under predominant inhibitory control of hypothalamus through prolactin releasing inhibitory hormone (PRIH).PRIH is a dopamine that acts on pituitary lactotrope D2 receptor.So, Dopaminergic agonists decrease plasma prolactin levels. These a... | 156,894 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about intermittent claudication except | <p> Intermittent claudication: Crampy pain in the muscles seen in limbs. Due to aerial occlusion, metabolites like lactic acid and substance P accumulate in the muscle and cause pain. Site of pain depends on site of aerial occlusion. Most common site is calf muscles. Pain in foot is due to block in lower tibial and pla... | 156,895 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following plays an important role in retinol mobilization? | Zinc plays an important role in retinol mobilization. | 156,896 | medmcqa_train |
Following is true regarding opening snap : | Answer is A (It is a high pitched diastolic sound) Opening snap is brief high pitched sound heard in early diastole. Opening snap brief high pitched sound heard in early diastole (Ejection sound are heard in systole) It is usually due to stenosis of an (A.V.) most often mitral value. It follows second hea sound, A2 by ... | 156,897 | medmcqa_train |
A 20-year-old woman complains of headache and discomfort in both sides of her jaw. Physical examination reveals enlarged parotid glands that are slightly tender on palpation. There is reddening of the orifice of Stensen duct on intra oral examination; her temperature is 38.3degC, and the pulse rate is 80/min. Laborator... | A single test revealing a specific IgM antibody can confirm the disease. Acute and convalescent titers of specific IgG antibodies will also confirm the diagnosis of mumps. Urine, saliva, and throat swabs will grow the mumps virus, but blood does not. Salivary amylase is elevated but is relatively nonspecific. Of course... | 156,898 | medmcqa_train |
Cell injury occurs due to | Cell injury occurs due to decreased generation of cellular ATP ATP is necessary for Na+--K+ ATPase pump and Ca pump action and many other cellular functions for the existence of the cell THE MORPHOLOGY OF CELL AND TISSUE INJURY It is useful to describe the structural alterations that occur in damaged cells before we di... | 156,899 | medmcqa_train |
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