query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Congenital toxoplasmosis, all are true, except | Congenital toxoplasmosis is a disease that occurs in fetuses infected with Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite, which is transmitted from mother to fetus.
It can cause miscarriage or stillbirth.
It can also cause serious and progressive visual, hearing, motor, cognitive, and other problems in a child.
Most infec... | 158,000 | medmcqa_train |
The reagent used in Apt test is | Alkali denaturation test (Apt-Downey test / apt test)Used to detect differentiate Fetal or neonatal blood from maternal blood (Qualitative).PrincipleMethodFetal hemoglobin (alpha 2 gamma 2 subunits) is resistant to alkali (basic) denaturation, whereas adult hemoglobin (alpha2 beta 2 subunits) is susceptible to such den... | 158,001 | medmcqa_train |
Predict the effect of aldosterone hypersecretion on body fluid pH and electrolytes ? | Aldosterone increases the rate of sodium absorption and potassium secretion by the kidneys, but in high concentrations aldosterone also stimulates hydrogen ion secretion. Therefore elevated aldosterone levels such as occur in patients with Cushing's syndrome can elevate body fluid pH above normal (alkalosis). The major... | 158,002 | medmcqa_train |
Isovolumetric relaxation preceeds: | Ventricular ejection | 158,003 | medmcqa_train |
Saw tooth appearance in abdominal barium enema X ray is seen in | Diveicula These are abnormal outpouchings or sacs of colon wall that occur due to interactions of high intraluminal pressures, disordered motility and low diet in fiber Formed on mesenteric side of antimesenteric taenia coli Results in protrusion of mucosa and submucosa through layers of muscle It is Pseudodiveiculum o... | 158,004 | medmcqa_train |
Receptor responsible for malignant hyperthermia is? | ANSWER: (B) Ryanodine receptorREF: Morgan 3ra e p. 869This condition is known by a number of names, including malignant hyperthermia (MH), malignant hyperthermia syndrome (MHS), and malignant hyperpyrexia.Signs and symptoms:The typical symptoms of malignant hyperthermia are due to a hyper catabolic state, which present... | 158,005 | medmcqa_train |
Hinge axis face bow records: | Kinematic facebow or Hinge axis facebow
A facebow with adjustable caliper ends used to locate the transverse horizontal axis of the mandible (GPT8)
It locates the true (exact) centre of condylar rotation or transverse horizontal axis.
It is preferred in full mouth reconstructions.
Hinge axis face-bow records—relations... | 158,006 | medmcqa_train |
During a routine checkup, a 50-year-old man is found to have blood in his urine. He is otherwise in excellent health. An abdominal CT scan reveals a 2-cm right renal mass. You inform the patient that staging of this tumor is key to selecting treatment and evaluating prognosis. Which of the following is the most importa... | The choice of surgical approach or treatment modalities is influenced more by the stage of a cancer than by its cytologic grade. The significant criteria used for staging vary with different organs. Commonly used criteria include (1) tumor size, (2) extent of local growth, (3) presence of lymph node metastases, and (4)... | 158,007 | medmcqa_train |
Part of colon with no mesentery- | Ans. C. Ascending colona. The large intestine develops as a fully mesenteric organ. However, after the rotation of the gut tube in utero, large portions of it come to lie adherent to the retroperitoneum, which means that some parts of the colon are fixed within the retroperitoneum, and other parts are suspended by a me... | 158,008 | medmcqa_train |
Among patients with polymyositis, which one of the following auto-antibodies is associated with an increased risk of interstitial lung disease? | Myositis Specific Antibodies Anti Jo-1 and anti synthetase antibodies Polymyositis and dermatomyositis with Interstitial lung disease, ahritis, mechanic's hands Anti-Mi-2 Dermatomyositis with rash Anti MDAS Dermatomyositis with rapidly progressive lung disease Anti-10 Juvenile dermatomyositis Anti-Signal recognition pa... | 158,009 | medmcqa_train |
One gm of Hb liberates _______ mg of billurubin . | Approximately 35mg of bilirubin is formed from 1g of Hb. About 6g of Hb is broken down per day. A total of 300mg of bilirubin is formed everyday; of which 80% is from destruction of old RBCs, 10% from ineffective erythropoiesis and the rest 10% from degradation of myoglobin and other heme containing proteins. Reference... | 158,010 | medmcqa_train |
A 60-year-old man with no significant past medical history is scheduled for elective cholecystectomy. He has been taking aspirin daily. Preoperative recommendations should include which of the following? | Discontinuation of aspirin at least 1 week before surgery. Aspirin inactivates platelet cyclo-oxygenase and thus inhibits platelet aggregation. The effect of aspirin is irreversible and lasts for the entire life span of the platelets. Therefore, aspirin should be discontinued for at least 1 week before surgery. | 158,011 | medmcqa_train |
Missing cases are detected by? | ANSWER: (C) Sentinel surveillanceREF: Park 20th edition page 38The word surveillance is the French word for "watching over"Sentinel surveillance is useful for answering specific epidemiologic questions because sentinel sites may not represent the general population or the general incidence of disease, they may have lim... | 158,012 | medmcqa_train |
Malignant transformation is commonly seen in: | Ans. (b) Gastric ulcer* Malignant transformation is very rarely seen in gastric ulcer (<1%) - Not so common.* Giant gastric ulcer (>2cm) is associated with cancer in 6-15% cases* Of the above choices we can opt for choice B' only - but it is not so common. | 158,013 | medmcqa_train |
Eye lens dislocation seen in –a) Marfan\'s syndromeb) Homocystinuriac) Down\'s syndromed) Klinefelter syndrome | Marfan syndrome and homocystinuria can cause dislocation of lens. | 158,014 | medmcqa_train |
'First order 'symptoms of schizophrenias' schizopremia include all except: | There are 11 first rank symptoms first three are related to thoughts - thought inseion , withdrawal & broadcasting next three are related to hallucinations -1St person ,2ND person & 3RD person next three are made phenomena remember MADE VOLITION, MADE IMPULSE, MADE AFFECT (mood) Last two are Somatic passivity & Delusio... | 158,015 | medmcqa_train |
Micro nodular cirrhosis is commonly seen in all except, | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Chronic hepatitis B Cirrhosis of the liver is a pathological entity which clinically represents the end stage of chronic liver disease.It is characterized by three features.Bridging fibrous septa Q in the form of delicate bands or broad scars linking portal tracts with one another and portal tracts wi... | 158,016 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of hypercalcemic crisis is : | A hypercalcaemiccrisisis an emergency situation with a severehypercalcaemia, generally above approximately 14 mg/dL (or 3.5 mmol/l)The most common cause is hypercalcemia of malignancy, although granulomatous diseases, previously undetected primary hyperparathyroidism, medication-induced hypercalcemia, and a few rarer c... | 158,017 | medmcqa_train |
Scarring loss of hair is seen in | Conditions causing scarring alopecia Causes of non-cicatricial alopecia (non-scarring) Traumatic causes of scarring alopecia may be due to: Injury Surgery Radiation Traction (tight curls) Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Infections causing scarring alopecia include: Bacterial infection: boils and abscesses (Sta... | 158,018 | medmcqa_train |
60 year old asymptomatic female shows following change in tunica media of blood vessels. Diagnosis? | Ans. (a) Medial calcificationMedial artery calcification (MAC) is also known as Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis, is a nonobstructive condition leading to reduced arterial compliance that is commonly considered as a nonsignificant finding.With the H&E stain, calcium appear deep blue-purple. | 158,019 | medmcqa_train |
The results of the pulmonary functions tests shown below, the best diagnosis is -ParametersActualPredictedFE VI (L)1[?]23[?]5-4[?]3FVC(L)4[?]14[?]6-5[?]4FEVL'FVC (%)2972-80PEF (L/min)80440-540DLCO120%100% | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Asthma o .All expiratory parameters are reduced in the data given with timed vital capacity of 29%.o FEV1/FVC is reduced in obstructive airway disease with lowering of peak expiratory flow rates. Due to air trapping in asthma the DLco may be normal or increased. | 158,020 | medmcqa_train |
1.5 mL of a solution containing 20 mg/mL of Evans blue dye is injected into plasma, the final concentration of the dye is 0.015 mg/mL, the volume of the plasma is: | Volume of plasma = volume of dye injected / final concentration of the dye Volume of dye injected = 1.5 * 20 = 30 mg Volume of plasma = 30/0.015 = 2000 mL | 158,021 | medmcqa_train |
Chloride shift is due to | Chloride shift (also known as the Hamburger phenomenon or lineas phenomenon, named after Haog Jakob Hamburger) is a process which occurs in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate (HCO3-) and chloride (Cl-) across the membrane of red blood cells (RBCs Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical p... | 158,022 | medmcqa_train |
Pityriasis versicolor is caused by- | Tinea Versicolor or Pityriasis Versicolor: It is a chronic recurrent condition involving stratum corneum of skin, caused by a lipophilic fungus - Malassezia furfur. Malassezia furfur is a lipophilic fungus that is found on skin. Clinical manifestation: Characterized by scaly patches of hypo to hyper pigmentation of ski... | 158,023 | medmcqa_train |
Greenish colour in a contussion is due to : | B i.e. Haematoidin | 158,024 | medmcqa_train |
Most commonly involved ossicle in CSOM is | Ossicular necrosis is one of the sequale of CSOM. Most commonly, long process of incus gets necrosed. Sometimes, stapes superstructure also gets necrosed. This increases the conductive hearing loss to more than 50 dB Ref: Diseases of ENT by Dhingra 6th edition Pgno : 73 | 158,025 | medmcqa_train |
Superior intercostal aery is a branch of | Superior intercostal arery is a branch of costocervical trunk of subclan aery. BD chaurasia's human anatomy.6th edition volume 1.page no 219. | 158,026 | medmcqa_train |
The amniotic membrane is characterized by all the following Except | AMNIONAt term, amnion is tough and tenacious.It provides almost all of the tensile strength of the fetal membranes.It is avascular and pliable.It is the innermost fetal membrane and is contiguous with the amniotic fluid. | 158,027 | medmcqa_train |
Keratan sulfate I and II is found in | Biologically Important GAGs: | 158,028 | medmcqa_train |
Tetralogy of Fallot's present with one of the following: | Ans. is 'a' i.e. . Central cyanosis with clubbing. TOF is the commonest cyanotic congenital* heart disease in children above the age of 2 years.The four constituents of Tetralogy are :Ventricular septal defect*Pulmonic stenosis*Overriding of dextroposed Aorta *Right ventricular hypertrophy *Physiologically the pulmonar... | 158,029 | medmcqa_train |
Ferning of cervical mucus depends upon: | The Ferning of the cervical mucus is because of the high estrogen content and its DOES NOT diagnose ovulation. Maximum before ovulation and once ovulation happens, the ferning actually reduces and finally disappears due to the high progesterone. This implies that loss of ferning pattern is suggestive of ovulation. Due ... | 158,030 | medmcqa_train |
Neurotransmitter depleted in Parkinson's disease:September 2007 | Ans. A: DopamineParkinson's disease has both hypokinetic and hyperkinetic features. In this condition, which was originally described by James Parkinson and is named for him, the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons degenerate. The fibers to the putamen are most severely affected.Dopaminergic neurons and dopamine recepto... | 158,031 | medmcqa_train |
Dangerous area of scalp is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Loose areolar tissueThe scalp consists of five layers:SkinClose network of connective tissue (superficial fascia)Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) with occipitofrontalis musclesLoose areolar (subaponeurotic) tissuePericranium (outer periosteum of skull)First three layers are intimately connected and mo... | 158,032 | medmcqa_train |
A rickshaw tyre passed on a 8 year old child. Tyre marks were found on the body. This is an exmaple of: | Ans is 'b' i.e. Imprint abrasion Real confusion in this question is between imprint abrasion and patterned bruising. In both imprint abrasion and patterned brusing there is mark or pattern of the object causing injury.* Abrasion is caused by friction and/or pressure between the skin and some rough object or surface. Fo... | 158,033 | medmcqa_train |
What is present in the part of the bone which received radiotherapy - | Infection and radiation, both cause bone destruction and predispose to pathological fracture. | 158,034 | medmcqa_train |
Malate shuttle is important in ________ | NADH cannot penetrate the mitochondrial membrane, but it is produced continuously in the cytosol by 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme in the glycolysis sequence.
The transfer of reducing equivalents is carried out by using the various shuttle systems.
Malate shuttle system is of more universal utility. U... | 158,035 | medmcqa_train |
Programmed cell death is known as- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Apoptosis o Programmed cell death is apoptosis. o But remember this impoant fact that not all apoptosis are programmed cell death (read text below) Apoptosis o Apoptosis is pathway of cell death that is induced by a tightly regulated intracellular program in which cell destined to die activate enzymes... | 158,036 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are decreased in Nephrotic syndrome except : | Answer is D (Fibrinogen): Nephrotic syndrome is characteristically associated with increased fibrinogen levels Nephrotic syndrome is characteristically associated with increased fibrinogen levels - Hyper fibrinogenemia. This is due to increase hepatic synthesis, impaired fibrinolysis, and increased platelet aggregabili... | 158,037 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following does not occur in a patient with gastrinoma - | Laboratory Studies in gastrinoma Due to the elusive nature of the neoplasm, the diagnosis is based on the following 3 criteria: Fasting hypergastrinemia is present (>150 pg/mL with levels >100,000 pg/mL in some patients; a serum gastrin level >1,000 pg/mL in the appropriate clinical setting is viually diagnostic of Zol... | 158,038 | medmcqa_train |
A school teacher gives consent for treating a child who becomes sick during a picnic away from home town. This type of consent is known as? | Loco Parentis: In an emergency involving children, when parents or guardians are not available, consent is taken from the person in charge of the child. Paternalism: Is an abuse of medical knowledge so as to disto the doctor-patient relationship in such a way that the patient is deprived of his autonomy, or his ability... | 158,039 | medmcqa_train |
The "water act" passed in 1974 deals with: | The Act provides for the creation of the Central Pollution Control Board and State Pollution Control Boards. The main function of the Central Board is to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in the States. It also provides ceain functions in the nature of advice, planning, co-ordination, publications, education and... | 158,040 | medmcqa_train |
A 80 year old patient presents with a midline tumor of the lower jaw, involving the alveolar margin. He is endentulous. Rx of choice is : | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Segmented mandibulectomy The best t/t for such tumor is excision of the growth along with segmental mandibulectomy. Hemimandibulectomy would not be useful, as the tumor is midline. Since the bone is involved by the growth, marginal mandibulectomy would not be a good choice. | 158,041 | medmcqa_train |
Modern monitors to measure ETCO2 make use of | Measurements of variations in the respiratory cycle of expired carbon dioxide by displayed waveform and by absolute numerical values is defined as Capnography and Capnometry respectivelyMeasurement of the exhaled CO2 at the level of upper airway at the end of expiration (when CO2 is at its maximum) is referred to as 3e... | 158,042 | medmcqa_train |
Flag sign is seen in ___________ | In kwashiorkor, the hair is straight and hypopigmented. The length of hair that grows during the period of nutritional deprivation appears reddish brown. During the phases of better nutrition, the growing pa of hair gets appropriately pigmented. This gives the appearance of alternate bands of hypopigmented and normally... | 158,043 | medmcqa_train |
A 30-year-old patient presented with features of acute meningoencephalitis in the casualty. His CSF on wet mount microscopy revealed motile unicellular microorganisms. The most likely organism is | (A) Naegleria fowleri # The clinical syndrome associate a with N. fowleri infection is Primary 'amoebic' meningoencephalitis (RAM).> When naegleria are suspected they can be identified by their Motility in wet preparation.> Acute meningoencephalitis which can be caused by either Naegleria or Acanthamoeba. (Entamoeba hi... | 158,044 | medmcqa_train |
The left subclan aery is a branch of : | C i.e. Arch of aoa | 158,045 | medmcqa_train |
Kamli Rani 75 yrs old woman present with post myocardial infarction after 6 weeks with mild CHF. He had a history of neck surgery for parathyroid adenoma 5 years ago. EKG shows slow arial fibrillation. Serum Ca+213.0 mg/L and urinary Ca+2 is 300 mg/24h. On examination a small mass is felt in the para tracheal position.... | The patient in the question is not a good candidate for surgical removal of parathyroid mass due to the underlying medical complications, so ultrasound guided alcohol injection is the most appropriate treatment. Ultrasound guided alcohol injection of the mass is used as an alternate therapy for patients with primary hy... | 158,046 | medmcqa_train |
The chromosomal complement of a primary oocyte is : | 44XX | 158,047 | medmcqa_train |
Hypocalcemia in child -All except? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of above Causes of hypocakemia Hypo parathyroidism Digeorge syndrome PTH receptor defect (pseudo hypoparathyroidism) Magnesium dificiency Exogenous organic phosphate excess Vit D difeciency | 158,048 | medmcqa_train |
For development of alveolar PO2 of 60 mm Hg and high altitude illness to develop in an otherwise healthy person from sea level, rapid ascent to following height is required | People have different susceptible to altitude sickness,on an average it begins around 2000 to 3000 meters above sea level Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:375,376 | 158,049 | medmcqa_train |
Drug causing decrease in late sodium current - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ranolazine o Ranolazine was initially assigned as paial fatty acid oxidation inhibitors. However, now it is believed that it acts by a different mechanism. It acts by blocking a late sodium current that facilitates calcium NCX (Sodium -Calcium exchanger) -4 Calcium overload and decrease left ventricul... | 158,050 | medmcqa_train |
Human papillomatosis is caused by? | Ans. is b i.e., HPV Human upper respiratory papillomatosis is due to infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) type 6 and 11. | 158,051 | medmcqa_train |
By the Factory Act the age for the child to work should minimum be (in years) | Ans. a (14). (Ref. Park, PSM, 17th/pg.586)According to the Factory Act children below the age of 14 years should not work.FACTORY ACT- 1948Applicable towhole India except Jammu & Kashmir.Scope# Establishment >10 workers where power is used and > 20 where power is not used.# Minimum 500 Cu.ft of space for each worker.# ... | 158,052 | medmcqa_train |
In organophosphorous poisoning, following are seen except: | A i.e. Pupillary dilation | 158,053 | medmcqa_train |
Epitheloid granuloma consists mainly of which type of cells: | Ans. D: Macrophages Macrophages/ histiocytes are the cells that define a granuloma. They often, but not invariably, fuse to form multinucleated giant cells. The macrophages in granulomas are often referred to as "epithelioid". Epithelioid macrophages differ from ordinary macrophages in that they have elongated nuclei t... | 158,054 | medmcqa_train |
Nexus criteria in trauma is used for | Ref: ALTS, 10th edition Pgno: 140 | 158,055 | medmcqa_train |
Lower first molar has which of the following occlusal shapes | In previous question only one has to be selected so answer should be Pentagonal. But other occlusal forms are also found in lower first molar. | 158,056 | medmcqa_train |
"Barefoot Doctors" were from which type of medicine? | Barefoot doctors are farmers who received minimal basic medical and paramedical training and worked in rural villages in China. Their purpose was to bring health care to rural areas where urban-trained doctors would not settle. | 158,057 | medmcqa_train |
Oxygenated blood is carried to the fetus by? | - Umbilical vein -> carries oxygenated, nutrient rich blood from placenta to fetus - Umbilical aeries -> carries deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta for oxygenation - Ductus venosus -> shunt that allows oxygenated blood from umbilical veins directly into inferior vena cava - Hypogastric aery -> aka internal iliac... | 158,058 | medmcqa_train |
The earliest sign of iron deficiency anaemia- | The first stage in the development of iron deficiency anaemia is the depletion of storage iron. The iron reserves are lost without compromise of iron supply for erythropoesis.Therefore the earliest sign is decreased serum ferritin level indicating poor tissue iron stores. Reference : Harsh Mohan textbook of pathology, ... | 158,059 | medmcqa_train |
A 63-year-old man undergoes a paial gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction for intractable peptic ulcer disease. He presents several months postoperatively with a megaloblastic anemia. Which of the following is the best treatment for this surgical complication? | Either megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency (due to lack of intrinsic factor, which is necessary for B12 absorption and is normally produced by the parietal cells of the stomach) or microcytic anemia due to iron deficiency (due to decreased iron intake and impaired absorption in the duodenum) can result a... | 158,060 | medmcqa_train |
Gold standard procedure to reduce recurrence of pterygium after surgical excision is | Gold standard procedure to reduce recurrence of pterygium after surgical excision is amniotic membrane grafting. | 158,061 | medmcqa_train |
who gave the concept of id pa of mind | CONTRIBUTIONS OF FREUD o Father of psychoanalysis He founded a type of psychotherapy called psychoanalysis. It is nothing but analyzing the psych(MIND) o Interpretation of dreams According to Freud dreams are royal road to unconscious In dreams several conflicts that are present in the unconscious comes to the consciou... | 158,062 | medmcqa_train |
Cross-product ratio is estimated by ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Case-control studyOdds - ratio (cross product ratio)From a case control study odds ratio can be derived which a measure of the strength of association between risk factor and outcome.Odds ratio is closely related to relative risk (which is analysed in coho study) 4 odds ratio represents only an estima... | 158,063 | medmcqa_train |
A 25-year-old man presents with a blue right arm with absent radial pulse and painful passive finger extension following a supracondylar fracture of humerus. He is suffering from: | Ans. C. Compartment syndromeFracture can lead to ischemia in the distal limb by direct injury to the blood vessel or by the effect of oedema increasing the pressure within the osteo fascial compartment which limits perfusion. In compartment syndrome, the increased pressure can lead to profound ischemia with necrosis of... | 158,064 | medmcqa_train |
Baholin gland is related to vagina | The Baholin's glands are two pea-sized compound racemose gland located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina. They secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral gland in males. ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg394 | 158,065 | medmcqa_train |
A diabetic patient has black necrotic mass in nose, most likely causes is: | Ans. is 'a' i.e.Mucormycosis Mucormycosis is a fungal infection of nose and paranasal sinuses which may prove rapidly fatal if untreated.lt is seen in uncontrolled diabetes or in those taking immunosuppressive drugs.Treatment is by amphotericin B* and surgical debridement.Remember :Most common fungal infection of nose ... | 158,066 | medmcqa_train |
An African presented with itching with rashes and inguinal lymph nodes. Skin snips shows microfilariae which are non-sheathed. The most probable organism will be: | Mansonella streptocerca is transmitted by biting midges. The major clinical manifestations involve the skin and include pruritus, papular rashes, and pigmentation changes. Many infected individuals have inguinal adenopathy, although most are asymptomatic. The diagnosis is made by detection of the characteristic microfi... | 158,067 | medmcqa_train |
What is the most common loss of sense above 70 years? | (B) Vibration > Vibration sense is the most common to be lost in old age. | 158,068 | medmcqa_train |
Clergyman's knee involves ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., lnfrapatellar bursa | 158,069 | medmcqa_train |
A drug with plasma half life of 12 hours is administered twice a day. A drug with plasma half life of 12 hours is administered twice a day. Steady state plasma concentration reached is 300 mg/dl. Which of the following statements about this drug is not true? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Intravenous administration will always achieve a higher concentration than oral route | 158,070 | medmcqa_train |
Laminated concretions of calcium and proteins are - | Ref:Textbook of pathology (Harsh mohan) 6th edition,page no.165 Schaumann's bodies or conchoid (conch like) bodies which are concentric laminations of calcium and of iron salts, complexed with proteins.The giant cells in sarcoid granulomas contain ceain cytoplasmic inclusions Schaumann's bodies is one of them others ar... | 158,071 | medmcqa_train |
Mrs. X, 25years old with a history of 2 previous pregnancies, and now 28weeks of gestation her gravidity is | Nulligravida: a woman who currently is not pregnant and has never been pregnant.Gravida: a woman who currently is pregnant or has been in the past, irrespective of the pregnancy outcome. With the establishment of the first pregnancy, she becomes a primigravida, and with successive pregnancies, a multigravida.Reference:... | 158,072 | medmcqa_train |
Lovibond angle is: | Lovibond angle or Hyponychial angle - Angle between nail bed and proximal nail fold - Normally around 1600. - It is >1800 in digital clubbing. It is described as a 'profile sign' | 158,073 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a Rave drug? | Rave drugs are used for recreational purpose in parties.
Methamphetamine, LSD and Ketamine are the important Rave drugs. | 158,074 | medmcqa_train |
Triangle of koch is made by: | B i.e. Coronary sinus opening | 158,075 | medmcqa_train |
Density of cells in adult corneal endothelium is | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 95 - 96)The cell density of corneal endothelium is around 3000 cells/mm2 in young adults, which decreases with the advancing age | 158,076 | medmcqa_train |
The National Population Policy 2001 aims to achieve net reproduction rate of 1 by the year ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2010 Objectives of National Population Policy 2000 Immediate objectives: To meet unmet need of contraception; to strengthen health infrastructure; to strengthen health personnel and to promote integrated service delivery for basic RCH care Mid term objective: 'To bring the total feility rate (TFR) to ... | 158,077 | medmcqa_train |
Serum marker to return to normal level, last in myocardial infarction is: | Enzymes in MILDH is the last enzyme to rise (3-4 days) and also the last enzyme to return to normal level in MI (10-15 days)CPK returns to normal by 2-3 daysAST/ SCOT returns to normal by 4-5 daysMyoglobin returns to normal by 20-25 hours | 158,078 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a new drug available to treat multi drug resistant tuberculosis? | Ans. a. Bedaquiline (Ref: Harrison 19/e p1115. 205e- 7)Two novel drugs belonging to two new antibiotic classes--the diarylquinoline bedaquiline and the nitroimidazole delamanid--have recently been approved for use in severe cases of MDR-TB by stringent regulatory authorities."Two novel drugs belonging to two new antibi... | 158,079 | medmcqa_train |
A most common cause of erythema multiforme – | Most of the cases of erythema multiforme are idiopathic, but amongst the known causes, HSV is the most important cause. | 158,080 | medmcqa_train |
Berkesonian bias is a type of | A special example of bias is berkesonian bias termed after doctor Joseph berkeson who recognized this problem. The bias arises because of different rates of admission to hospitals for people with different diseases (refer pgn:74 park 23 rd edition ) | 158,081 | medmcqa_train |
The daily extra calorie requirement in first trimester of pregnancy is - | For pregnant woman the extra energy requirement is 350kcal.REF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-588 table no.29. | 158,082 | medmcqa_train |
Best treatment for glioblastoma multiforme: | Ans. C. Excision with radiation* These are highly infiltrative tumors, and the areas of increased T2/FLAIR signal surrounding the main tumor mass contain invading tumor cells.* Treatment involves maximal surgical resection followed by partial-field external beam radiotherapy (6000cGy in thirty 200-cGy fractions) with c... | 158,083 | medmcqa_train |
Pentostatin inhibits | Pentostatin is a purine analogue that inhibits Adenosine deaminase. It is used in cases of Hairy cell leukemia (Doc: Uadiribine). | 158,084 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about cold sterilization except | It destroys spores and vegetative cells but not effective against viruses. | 158,085 | medmcqa_train |
Drug used in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation is: | Ans. (A) Lubiprostone(Ref: Katzung 11/e p1080)Lubiprostone acts by stimulating Cl- channel opening in the intestine, increasing liquid secretion in gut and decreasing transit time, therefore used for chronic constipation. It has also been approved for constipation dominant irritable bowel syndrome in women. | 158,086 | medmcqa_train |
Polychromatic lusture is seen in : | A i.e. Complicated cataract Complicated cataract (i.e. cataract secondary to some intraocular disease) may be - Anterior coical Q in anterior segmental lesions as glaucoma, acute iritis, or, - Posterior coical Q in posterior segmental lesions as uveitis, RD, pigmentary retinal dystrophy. The second type of complicated ... | 158,087 | medmcqa_train |
ROSE questionnaire is used for | The Rose Angina Questionnaire (RAQ) was developed in 1962 to detect ischemic hea pain (angina pectoris and myocardial infarction) for epidemiological field-surveys.1 Since then, the RAQ has been used in many countries to detect coronary hea disease (CHD) in epidemiological research . Ref Davidson edition23rd pg 460 | 158,088 | medmcqa_train |
Hand foot syndrome is seen with which anticancer drug? | Ans. B. 5-fluorouracilHand and foot syndrome is caused by 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, doxorubicin. Cisplatin is highly emetic and nephrotoxic drug. Methotrexate is hepatotoxic. | 158,089 | medmcqa_train |
Coloured halos are seen in all, except –a) Mucopurulent conjunctivitis b) Acute anterior uveitisc) Tetracyclined) Glaucoma | Coloured halos are not seen in acute anterior uveitis and this is one of the differentiating points between acute anterior uveitis and acute angle closure glaucoma
Tetracycline does not cause coloured halos.
Important drugs causing coloured halos
Amiodarone
A... | 158,090 | medmcqa_train |
Uses of tumor marker are all except : | Tumor markers are not specific, so, cannot be used for confirmation of diagnosis. Confirmation is done by biopsy Examples: PSA Prostate cancer Ig Multiple myeloma hCG Choriocarcinoma Calcitonin Medulaary thyroid cancer Catecholamines Pheochromocytoma CEA Colon ca, Pancreatic ca CA 15.3 Breast cancer CA 19-9 Pancreatic ... | 158,091 | medmcqa_train |
Titration of the dose of a drug with the response can be done with which of the following routes of administration: | - Titration of drug dosage can be done only with the inhalational route of administration among the given options. | 158,092 | medmcqa_train |
Urban malaria is caused by | Anopheles Mosquito There are over 55 species of anopheline mosquitoes in India causing malaria An.culicifacies - Vector of rural malaria An.stephensi - Vector of urban malaria; Breed in overhead tanks An.flutilis- Efficient vector, highly anthrophilic, breed in moving water An.sundaicus : Breed in brackish water An.dir... | 158,093 | medmcqa_train |
Procedure to be performed in the case of arrest of after-coming head due to contracted pelvis in breech: | Ans is c, i.e. Zavanelli maneuverRef Williams, 24/e, p 567The last rescue for entrapped fetal head in term fetus is replacement of the fetus higher into the vagina and uterus followed by cesarean delivery. This is called as Zavanelli maneuver.In preterm babies, last resort for entrapment of after-coming head of breech ... | 158,094 | medmcqa_train |
Glanzmann thrombasthenia is due to | Glanzmann thrombasthenia is an autosomal recessive disorder. There is a failure of primary platelet aggregation with ADP or collagen due to inherited deficiency of two platelets membrane glycoproteins. It is caused due to deficiency of glycoprotein IIb- IIa. | 158,095 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with conjunctival infection, which lead to corneal perforation, was positive for Gram-negative coccoid appearance on Gram stain. Fuher investigation showed small translucent colourless organism which is oxidase positive. What could be the most probable causative organism- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Neisseria gonorrhea | 158,096 | medmcqa_train |
Pseudohyponatremia can be seen in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Multipe myeloma Causes of Hyponatremia* Pseudohyponatremia# Hyperlipidemia# Hyperproteinemia (multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia)* Dilutional# Hyperglycemia* Hypovolemic hyponatremia : decreased total body sodium with a relatively greater increase in total body water# Heart failure# Chronic renal fai... | 158,097 | medmcqa_train |
Most common parotid gland tumor is: | Ans. (c) Pleomorphic adenomaRef: Bailey & Love 26th ed. / 732PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA* Overall most common tumor of salivary gland* MC benign salivary gland tumor* MC tumor of major salivary glands* MC site is parotid tail (superficial lobe).Also Know* 2nd MC benign tumor of parotid gland: Warthin's tumor* MC malignant tumo... | 158,098 | medmcqa_train |
Metabolic alkalosis is seen in- | Mineralocoicoid excess increases net acid excretion and may result in metabolic alkalosis, which may be worsened by associated K+ deficiency. ECFV expansion from salt retention causes hypeension. The kaliuresis persists because of mineralocoicoid excess and distal Na+ absorption causing enhanced K+ excretion, continued... | 158,099 | medmcqa_train |
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