query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Parasympathetic stimulation results in | Parasympathetic stimulation results in increased peristalsis. Generally, the stimulation of parasympathetic nerves(PNS) causes an increase in the activity of the entire enteric nervous system. This, in turn, enhances the activity of most gastrointestinal functions. PNS stimulation causes: Contraction of smooth muscles ... | 16,000 | medmcqa_train |
Down beat nystagmus could be due to-a) Cerebellar lesionb) Arnold - Chiari malformationc) Optic neuritisd) Pontine lesion | Upbeat nystagmus → lesions of central tegmentum of brain stein.
Downbeat nystagmus → Cerebellar lesions and Arnold chiari syndrome. It is due to posterior fossa disease and compression at foramen magnum level. | 16,001 | medmcqa_train |
Following surgical removal of a firm nodular cancer swelling in the right breast and exploration of the right axilla, on examination the patient was found to have a winged right scapula. Most likely this could have occurred due to injury to the : | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Long Thoracic nerve Winging of the scapula ie. excessive prominence of the medial border of the scapula (Normally the pull of serratus anterior muscle keeps the medial border against the thoracic wall) is seen in injury to the long thoracic nerve. Long thoracic nerve supplies the serratus anterior musc... | 16,002 | medmcqa_train |
Isotope used for liver scan is: | Ans. Technetium | 16,003 | medmcqa_train |
Appropriate material for antenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders includes all of the following except : | Ans. is d i.e. Maternal Urine Prenatal genetic diagnosis can be made by : Method Sample and study material Chorion villus sampling Amniocentesis Cordocentesis Maternal serum alpha feto protein Triple test Chorion villi -Trophoblastic cells are obtained from Amniotic fluid Fibroblasts Fetal blood White blood cells of fe... | 16,004 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site of berry's aneury sm is- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Junction of anterior cerebral artery and anterior communicating arteryBerry aneurysmo The further away the aneurysm from the anterior circulation or from the circle of willis , the less common will be its rate of occurance.o Berry aneurysm orSaccualr aneurysm or Congenital aneurysm is the most frequen... | 16,005 | medmcqa_train |
In a positive tuberculin skin test, helper T cells assist in which of the following ways? | In a tuberculin skin test, T cell proliferation is increased by secretion of interleukins. An extract of tuberculin (an antigen of lipoprotein composition obtained from the tubercle bacillus) is injected into the skin of a person who has had tuberculosis or has been immunized against tuberculosis. Merriory helper T cel... | 16,006 | medmcqa_train |
Telefono means - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Beating on ears o Telefono: Simultaneous beating of both ears with the palm of hands. This may lead to rupture of tympanic membrane, causing pain, bleeding and hearing loss. It is difficult to detect this. The external ear may also get tom during pulling of the ears.o Falanga : beating of soles with b... | 16,007 | medmcqa_train |
With respect to dating of a bone, a bone more than 100 years old contain: | Dating of skeletal remains 1.Nitrogen content <50 years old:4-5 g%, 50-100 years old: 3.5g% 2.Amino acids: Total: 15 AA (glycine & alanine Predominant) > 50 years: Hydroxyproline and proline disappear. > 100 years old: 7AA 3.Blood pigment tests positive for upto 100 years. 4.UV fluorescence: Fresh bone will fluoresce a... | 16,008 | medmcqa_train |
Schwartz s sign is seen in: | Ans. (a) OtosclerosisRef: Dhingra 5th Ed. /. 461, 98-99* Schwartz sign is a pink reflex, seen through intact tympanic membrane, in the area of oval window. It indicates active otosclerosis usually during pregnancy.* Otosclerosis is an abnormal bone growth in the middle ear that causes hearing loss.Symptoms* Hearing los... | 16,009 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a classical symptom of depression? | Ans: C (Guilt) Ref: Synopsis of psychiatry-, Kaplan & Sadock, 10th editionExplanationDepressionIt is a common psychiatric syndrome characterized by persistent & pervasive sad mood,Because of such sad mood, the person might feel guilty, which in turn gives rise to thoughts like worthlessness, hopelessness & helplessness... | 16,010 | medmcqa_train |
Tangier disease is characterized by | DyslipoproteinemiasDefectRemarksFamilial alpha-lipoprotein deficiencyTangier diseaseFish-eye diseaseApo-A-I deficienciesAll have a low or near absence of HDLA tendency toward hyperiacylglycerolemia as a resultof the absence of apo C-ll, causing inactive LPL. Low LDLlevels. Atherosclerosis in the elderlyRef: Harper&;s b... | 16,011 | medmcqa_train |
Muscle pain, nephropathy with proximal tubule proteinuria caused by which metal poisoning? | (B) Cadmium[?]CADMIUM POISONINGoThe disorder of reabsorption proteins appears as a tubular proteinuria.oIt is observed in case cadmium poisoning, hypoxia, burns, septicemia.oModerate tubular in sufficiency is characterized by rather albumins & other proteins with weight up to 40 kD is characterized in urine (selective ... | 16,012 | medmcqa_train |
In which case Anterior resection is the method of t/t - | Anterior resection is the general term used to describe operations in which rectosigmoid part is resected from an abdominal approach with no need for perineal, sacral or other incision.
Resection of the rectosigmoid colon performed above the pelvic peritoneum is called high anterior resection, whereas an operation in w... | 16,013 | medmcqa_train |
Drug that can be used against anaerobic: streptococci: March 2007 | Ans. D: Clindamycin Clindamycin is used primarily to treat infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria, including infections of the respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue infections, and peritonitis. In patients with hypersensitivity to penicillins, clindamycin may be used to treat infections caused by suscept... | 16,014 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is prophylactic treatment of Rheumatic hea disease? | Prevention of rheumatic fever/ hea disease: Type Adults Children Remarks Primary prevention Benzathine benzyl Penicillin 1.2 million unit Benzathine benzyl Penicillin 600,000 units Single dose intramuscular Secondary prevention Benzathine benzyl Penicillin 1.2 million unit Benzathine benzyl Penicillin 600,000 units Rec... | 16,015 | medmcqa_train |
The millet rich in calcium is - | Calcium content of ragi is 344.0 per 100gram.And that if bajra is 42.0 and of jowar is 25.0.(Ref.PARK'S textbook of social and preventive medicine 21st edition page no.579 table 18) | 16,016 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the tumours are of viral origin ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Laryngeal papilloma; 'b' i.e., Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; 'c' i.e., Lymphoma Impoant tumors of viral etiology Virus Tumor HPV Cervical, vulvar & penile cancers squamous cell carcinoma EBV Nasopharyngeal Ca. Burkitt's lymphoma HBV, HCV Hepatocellular Ca. HIV Kaposi sarcoma, Non-hodgkins lymphoma, SCC HT... | 16,017 | medmcqa_train |
When an inddividual is resting in a room with the air temperature 21degC and the humidity of 80%, the greatest amount of heat lost from body is by | During intense exercise, the body loses 85% of its heat through sweating. Radiation (similar to heat leaving a woodstove). This normal process of heat moving away from the body usually occurs in air temperatures lower than 68degF (20degC). The body loses 65% of its heat through radiation. Ref: guyton and hall textbook ... | 16,018 | medmcqa_train |
Wilson's disease is due to mutation in which gene | Wilson's disease is due to mutation of ATP7B gene on chromosome 13q | 16,019 | medmcqa_train |
True about Giardia is | Giardia can cause traveller's diarrhea.
Other protozoal causes of traveller's diarrhea
Entamoeba histolytica
Cyclospora
Cryptosporidium
Giardia inhabits the proximal small intestine i..e, duodenum and upper jejunum (not ileum)
The infective stage for giardia infection is a cyst (not trophozoites). | 16,020 | medmcqa_train |
Middle deft upper lip due to failure of fusion b/w | Defect
Caused by
Cleft upper lip
Failure of fusion between maxillary process and medial naral process
Medial deft upper lip
Failure of fusion between maxillay process and medial and lateral naral process
Oblique facial deft
Failure of fusion between maxillary process and medial lateral naral process
Lower lip d... | 16,021 | medmcqa_train |
Community health centers provide ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Secondary health care | 16,022 | medmcqa_train |
Trotter triad not included is ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Seizures Trotter's triad Trotter's triad occurs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma It includes :- i) Conductive deafness (due to Eustachian tube blockage) ii) Temporo - parietal neuralgia (due to involvement of ipsilateral Vth cranial nerve) iii) Palatal paralysis (due to involvement of Xth cranial nerve) | 16,023 | medmcqa_train |
In Complete ACL rupture the tibia moves over the femur in which direction - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Forward ACL injuryo ACL is the most commonly injured ligament of knee.o Most common mechanism of injury is twisting (medial rotation) with valgus injury on semiflexed kneeo Often with this mechanism MCL and medial meniscus are also injured. This triple injury of ACL, MCL and medial meniscus is called ... | 16,024 | medmcqa_train |
Serum lithium levels for mania should be maintained in between | Lithium is a mood stabilizer It is used for the treatment of mania it was introduced by John F Cade it is a liver friendly drug it should not be given in patients with renal abnormalties it has a narrow thereaputic index above 0.8-1.2 meq/L it leads to lithium toxicity TOC for lithium toxicityis HEMODIALYSIS Therapeuti... | 16,025 | medmcqa_train |
The apex of the Bonwill's Triangle is located at the: | Bonwill triangle - An equilateral triangle formed by lines from the contact points of the lower central incisors, or the medial line of the residual ridge of the mandible, to the condyle on either side and from one condyle to the other. | 16,026 | medmcqa_train |
Gas in great vessels of fetus indicates: | Fetal death | 16,027 | medmcqa_train |
Bile acids are reabsorbed from ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ileum | 16,028 | medmcqa_train |
Substance utilized for barium meal follow through study: September 2011 | Ans. B: Barium sulphate Since there is no natural contrast in the alimentary tract, its radiographic demonstration required the use of aificial contrast medium Barium sulphate, through which X-rays can not pass, is the contrast universally employed in performing alimentary tract studies | 16,029 | medmcqa_train |
Physiological jaundice in preterm infant lasts upto: September 2011 | Ans. D: 14 days Physiological jaundice usually appears on 2nd and 3rd day and disappears by 7-10th day, a little later in premature neonates Jaundice in paediatrics: Unconjugated bilirubinemia: - Criggler Najar syndrome (I and II) - Physiological jaundice - Breast milk jaundice Conjugated bilirubinemia: - MC cause: Idi... | 16,030 | medmcqa_train |
Hernia that is least likely to strangulate is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Direct inguinal hernia "As the neck of the sac is wide direct inguinal hernias do not often strangulate".A hernia is said to be strangulated when the blood supply of its content is seriously impaired.Most constricted pa of the hernia is its neck.Therefore strangulation develops in hernias in which nec... | 16,031 | medmcqa_train |
RNA primer in eukaryote is formed by - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., RNA polymeraseo DNA synthesis cannot commence with deoxyribonucleotides because DNA polymerase cannot add a mononucleotide to another mononucleotide.o Thus, DNA polymerase cannot initiate synthesis of complementary DNA synthesis strand of DNA on a totally single stranded template.o For this, they requ... | 16,032 | medmcqa_train |
A 5-year-old child is brought to the hospital with the complaint of fever, cough, breathlessness and chest pain. On examination he is found to be dull, but irritable with fast pulse (116/min), rapid breathing (RR 50/min) and indrawing of lower chest during inspiration, wheezing, crepitations and mild ... | Since the child is seriously ill, a fast and more predictable action of the antibiotic is needed; a parenteral route of administration is appropriate. Moreover, oral dosing may be difficult in this case as the child is dull and irritable. Entering a vein for i.v. injection is relatively difficult in ... | 16,033 | medmcqa_train |
True statement of Buerger's desease is/are -a) Small and medium sized vessels involvedb) Commonly involves upper limb than lower limbsc) Common in maled) Common in female | Buerger's ds. may involve both upper or lower extremity. It is more common in lower limbs | 16,034 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following muscles is included in 'Triceps surae'? | The superficial muscles - gastronemius, plantaris and soleus are referred as triceps surae or gastro- soleus. This is responsible for plantar flexion. Triceps surae is supplied by posterior tibial nerve. | 16,035 | medmcqa_train |
Secretory vesicles are transported - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Have no relation with concentration gradientExoevtosiso Exoevtosis is a reverse of endocytosis. This process is involved when secretory granules are extruded from the cell. When secretory vesicle comes in contact with inside of cell membrane, the membrane of the vesicle fuses with cell membrane and th... | 16,036 | medmcqa_train |
Most common complication of Colies fracture is: | Ans: a (Malunion) Ref: Maheswari, 4th ed, p. 95Most common complication of colies fracture is stiffening of fingers followed by malunion.Remember - A colies fracture always unites but malunites.Complications of Colle's fracture:1. Finger stiffness-- most common complication2. Subluxation of inferior radio-ulnar j oint3... | 16,037 | medmcqa_train |
Red velvety appearance of stomach mucosa is seen in the poisoning of | (Refer: Rajesh Bardale - Principle of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 1st edition, pg no: 430) | 16,038 | medmcqa_train |
Centrally acting sympatholytic agent used as anti hypeensive agent is: | Clonidine, moxonidine,relminidine are centrally acting antihypeensives They cross the blood-brain barrier and stimulates alpha2A receptors in vasomotor Centre and decreases sympathetic outflow from VMC. This lead to a decrease in blood pressure. (REF: ESSENTIALs OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY-K.D TRIPATHI 8th Edition) | 16,039 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 years old male patient presents with complaints of weakness in right upper and both lower limbs of last 4 months. He developed digital infarcts involving 2nd and 3rd fingers on right side and 5`h fingeron left side. On examination, BP was 160/140 mm Hg, all peripheral pulses were palpable and there was asymmetrica... | Answer is A (Polyaeritis nodosa): Renal disease manifesting as hypeension without RBC cast in urine (No glomerulonephritis) is characteristic of polyaeritis Nodosa Digital gangrene is usually associated with vasculitis of medium sized vessels. Amongst options provided PAN is a medium vessel vasculitis and presence of d... | 16,040 | medmcqa_train |
Acute and transient psychotic disorder, onset of symptoms - | Ans. is B < 2 weeks Acute and transient psychotic disorder o These psychotic disorders are characterized by an abrupt (less than 48 hours) or an acute (Less than 2 weeks) onset of symptoms. Three types have been recognized (according to ICD-10). 1) Acute polymorphic psychotic disorder without symptoms of schizophrenia ... | 16,041 | medmcqa_train |
Agoraphobia is a disorder characterized by all, except | Visual hallucinations | 16,042 | medmcqa_train |
In the presence of ADH, greatest fraction of the filtered water is reabsorbed from: | 65%-70% of the filtered water is reabsorbed from the PCT. This is called obligatory water reabsorption and occurs irrespective of the osmolarity of ECF. In the complete absence of ADH action, 88% of the filtered water is reabsorbed from various segments of nephron. 10%-12% water is reabsorbed from collecting duct under... | 16,043 | medmcqa_train |
Ganga Ram a 19 years old male with a sho history of pain in the right groin that worsens at night time and has a small circumscribed sclerotic swelling over diaphysis of femur. Likely diagnosis is: | Osteoid Osteoma - Night pain relieved on taking salicylates (NSAID) - Coical tumor "thickened coex" (CT) - In diaphysis shows Nidus- Lytic center with sclerotic margin Rx: Radio-frequency Ablation -Preferred X-ray CT scan | 16,044 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drugs is used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis? | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Interferon - beta Treatment of multiple sclerosis o Multiple sclerosis is an autommune disease characterized by chronic inflammatory demylination that affects the CNS. o The most common course of the disease is the relapsing-remitting subtype, which is characterized by unpredictable acute attacks (rela... | 16,045 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is purification of water at large scale - a) Disinfection of well b) Rapid sand filterc) Slow sand filterd) Household purification | Purification of water
Purification of water is of great importance in community.
The method of treatment to be employed depends upon the nature of raw water, and the desired standards of water quality.
For example ground water (deep well, tube well and springs) may need no treatment. On the other hand surface water (... | 16,046 | medmcqa_train |
Accidendal chocking of respiratory passage by bolus of food - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cafe coronary TermsMeaningAutoerotic hangingVictims usually young males (with masochism or transvestism) enhance sexual pleasure by compressing the blood vessels of neck by any means.LynchingWhen several persons acting jointly and illegally over power an individual and hang him.Mugging (choke-holding)... | 16,047 | medmcqa_train |
Patch test is read after – | Patch test
Patch test is done in cases of contact dermatitis to establish the etiological agent.
This is a simple test involves application of suspected allergen as a patch, usually over upper back.
The patch is removed after 48-72 hours and the reading is done and the skin is examined for any signs of dermatitis (er... | 16,048 | medmcqa_train |
The following statement is not true about the use of clonidine in the treatment of hypeension ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Increase in LDL-cholesterol on prolonged use o Clonidine is a selective a2 receptor agonist. It can act on peripheral a2 receptors also but its major hemodynamic effects result from action on central sites primarily in medulla (Vasomotor centre) o It stimulates a2 receptors present mainly postjunction... | 16,049 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of hyperkinetic syndrome includes | CNS stimulants are the first choice agents in that they have been shown to have greatest efficacy with generally mild tolerable side effect. Excellant safety record is documented fro sho and sustained release preparations of Methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine and dextroamphetamine and amphetamine salt combinations. Met... | 16,050 | medmcqa_train |
Modified Cornoy's solution, used as a chemical cauterization agent, has which of these components missing from original Cornoy's solution? | 100% ethanol: chloroform: glacial acetic acid in 6:3:1 radio with ferric chloride. Modified versions are chloroform free, however their effectiveness is not clear. | 16,051 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following feature on second trimester ultrasound is not a marker of Down's syndrome: | USG findings in downs syndrome are Intrauterine growth restriction Mild cerebral ventriculomegaly Choroid plexus cysts Increased nuchal fold thickness Cystic hygromas Diaphragmatic hernia Echogenic intracardiac foci Congenital hea defects Increased intestinal echogenicity Duodenal atresia ("double-bubble sign") Renal p... | 16,052 | medmcqa_train |
A 35 weeks pregnant multigravida is diagnosed of having pre-eclampsia. If she develops seizures, what is the BEST regimen for treatment? | MgSO4 is the drug of choice for severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. Mechanism of action: It reduces motor endplate sensitivity to acetylcholine and thereby reduces neuromuscular irritability. It also blocks neuronal calcium influx. It induces cerebral vasodilatation, dilates uterine aeries, increases production of endot... | 16,053 | medmcqa_train |
Elastic cailages is found in | Distribution of elastic cailage-it forms the &;skeletal &;basis of the auricle and of the lateral pa of the external acoustic meatusINDERBIR SINGH&;S TEXT BOOK OF HUMAN HISTOLOGY-reference,page no:85 | 16,054 | medmcqa_train |
Which mode of ultrasound help is Orbital biometry? | A Mode Ultrasound is Amplitude Mode used for measuring Axial length of Eyeball and Orbital Biometry. A scan in Opthalmology is the A Mode Ultrasound. B mode is used in routine ultrasonography. M mode is used in chest and obstetric USG. D mode is used for vessels. | 16,055 | medmcqa_train |
Gastric lavage is contraindicated in poisoning with: (PGI June 2008) | Ans. A (Kerosene) Gastric lavage is C/1 in kerosene poisoning"Gastric evacuation for pure petroleum distillate or turpentine ingestion is not recommended Q " - Reddy 27th/522Gastric Lavage (G. L) - C/I or Precautions# The only absolute C/1 for G.L. is corrosive poisoning" (except carbolic acid j, owing to the danger of... | 16,056 | medmcqa_train |
A 12 year old child presents with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Oral examination shows a grey membrane on the right tonsil extending to the anterior pillar. Which of the following medium will be ideal for the culture of the throat swab for rapid identification of the pathogen? | The symptoms of the given case are suggestive of C. diphtheria infection.
On Loeffler’s serum slope, C. diphtheriae grows after 4–6 hours at 37°C producing small, circular, and white opaque colonies.
If no colonies are seen, the medium is reincubated further for 24 hours.
Parija SC. Textbook of Microbiology & Immuno... | 16,057 | medmcqa_train |
Triple response is due to ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Histamine Triple response (Lewis triple response) When a pointed object is stroked very firmly over the skin, a characteristic 3 pa response develops. Its feature are :? 1) Red reaction (red line) is due to transient capillary engorgement (vasodilation) caused by histamine released from damaged tissue... | 16,058 | medmcqa_train |
In an adult, the spinal cord ends at: | B i.e. Li - L2 | 16,059 | medmcqa_train |
Which disaccharides are not broken down in git? | LactuloseComposition: O-a-d-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-b-d-fructofuranoseSource: Heated milk (small amounts), mainly syntheticClinical Significance: Not hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes, but fermented by intestinal bacteria; used as a mild osmotic laxativeFermentation of lactulose results in acidification of the gut conten... | 16,060 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following play the most impoant role in pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Ahritis | CD4+ T cells plays the most impoant role in orchestrating the chronic inflammatory response in Rheumatoid Ahritis. CD4+ T cells are the major component of the inflammatory infiltrate in the rheumatoid synovium. Chronic inflammatory response in Rheumatoid Ahritis T cells (CD4) are the major component of the inflammatory... | 16,061 | medmcqa_train |
Quaer staggered arrangement is seen in | The collagen fibres have a triple stranded,quaer staggered arrangement. This arrangement helps in mineralization Tropocollagen molecules are arranged in a "quater-staggered array" to form collagen fibres . Reference: Harpers illustrated biochemistry 31st edition pg 593 | 16,062 | medmcqa_train |
X-ray appearance of sequestrum is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Unnatural radiodense fragments Sequestrum* Sequestrum is a piece of dead bone, surrounded by infected granulation tissue trying to eat the sequestrum away.* The sequestrum is hardl, rough, porus, light in weight and lighter in colour than normal Normal pattern of bone is lost. (Note : Sequestrum in sy... | 16,063 | medmcqa_train |
In stable angina : | Answer is D (The levels of cardiac markers remain unchanged) | 16,064 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a sign of active rickets? | Symptoms of rickets include: pain or tenderness in the bones of the arms, legs, pelvis, or spine. stunted growth and sho stature. bone fractures. muscle cramps. teeth deformities, such as: delayed tooth formation. holes in the enamel. skeletal deformities, including: an oddly shaped skull. bowlegs, or legs that bow out... | 16,065 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with cushingoid features presents with hemoptysis, he shows no response to dexamethasone suppression test. The most likely diagnosis is: | Ca lung with ectopic ACTH production | 16,066 | medmcqa_train |
Virchow's triad includes all of the following, EXCEPT- | Virchow's triad refers to three primary influences that predispose to thrombus formation.
Endothelial injury (or vascular injury)
Stasis or turbulence of blood flow
Blood hypercoagulability
Virchow's triad should be the cornerstone for assessment of risk factors for deep venous thrombosis.
Stasis can occur with ven... | 16,067 | medmcqa_train |
Hemodialysis is NOT useful in poisoning with | (B) Diazepam # HAEMODIALYSIS:> It is very useful for removing ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, chloral hydrate, lithium, trivalent arsenic, acetaminophen, bromides, phenobarbital, bromides, salicylates, fluoride, sodium chlorate, digitalis, methaqualone, boric acid and thiocyanates. | 16,068 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a glycerosphingolipid? | Phospholipids are :Glycerophospholipids (glycerol containing) :- Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (cephaline), phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, plasmalogens, lysophospholipids, cardiolipin.Sphingophospholipids (sphingosine containing) :- Sphingomyeline | 16,069 | medmcqa_train |
Delirium tremens is seen in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Alcohol withdrawal Delirium tremensDelirium tremens is the most severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome. It occurs usually within 2-4 days of complete or significant alcohol abstinence. This is an acute organic brain syndrome (delirium) with characteristic features of delirium.Clouding of consciousness wit... | 16,070 | medmcqa_train |
Shoest diameter of foetal skull is | Bitemporal | 16,071 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following antimicrobial agent can result in ototoxicty, nephrotoxicity and redneck syndrome? | Ref: Katzung, 14th ed. pg. 809; Sharma & Sharma 3rd ed. P 742-43; KDT 6th ed. pg. 732* Vancomycin is a bactericidal drug acts by cell wall synthesis inhibitor and by damaging cell membrane integrity.* It is exclusively active against aerobic as well as anaerobic gram positive species such as streptococcus and staphyloc... | 16,072 | medmcqa_train |
Griseofulvin is not useful in | griseofulvin and oral terbinafine are not usefu in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor iadvl textbook of dermatologypage 260 | 16,073 | medmcqa_train |
Fluorescent feulgen reaction is used to demonstrate | The X chromosome is seen as a Plano convex mass lying inside the nucleus just beneath the nuclear membrane as a nucleolar satellite, in the cells of buccal mucosa. This is called Barr body. Barr bodies are seen in the somatic cells of normal females (XX) Barr bodies can be demonstrated by eosin- hematoxylin staining or... | 16,074 | medmcqa_train |
Resolution of inflammation is caused by? | Antiinflammatory mediators terminate the acute inflammatory reaction when it is no longer needed the anti-inflammatory cytokines: IL-10, TGF-b, IL-4, IL-13 pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha Interleukin 10 (IL-10) has been proposed as having an inhibitory effect on the production of several inflammatory ... | 16,075 | medmcqa_train |
The most common systemic association of scleritis is – | "When a patient comes to an ophthalmologist with scleritis, RA must be considered, because it is the most common cause of scleritis (and episcleritis)".
— The cornea by Dohlman | 16,076 | medmcqa_train |
Fluid entering DCT is always: | Kidney receives approx 25% of cardiac output.
Fluid entering DCT is always Hypotonic. | 16,077 | medmcqa_train |
A man aged 60 years presents with intermittent dysphagia & foul breath. He regurgitates food that is eaten few days ago: Likely diagnosis is: | Answer is A (Zenker's diveiculum) Essentials of Diagnosis : Zenker's Diveiculum (Current Otolaryngology) Dysphagia (Intermittent) Regurgitation of undigested food (with risk of aspiration) Gurgling sounds in neck Halitosis | 16,078 | medmcqa_train |
A 3-day-old male infant has a noticeably small mandible. A CT scan and physical examinations reveal hypoplasia of the mandible, underdevelopment of the bones of the face, downward-slanting palpebral fissures, defects of the lower eyelids, and deformed external ears. Abnormal development of which of the pharyngeal arche... | The first pharyngeal arch, which is often associated with the mandible, is responsible for development of Meckel's cartilage, malleus, incus, and mandible. Additionally, it is innervated by the trigeminal nerve, specifically the mandibular division that innervates the muscles of mastication. This patient presents with ... | 16,079 | medmcqa_train |
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein transpo cholesterol from HDL to ? | Cholesteryl ester is tranfered from HDL to VLDL and chylomicrons in exchange with triglyceride by the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). | 16,080 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following steps act as sources of energy in citric acid cycle except - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Citrate synthase* The total number of ATPs obtained in citric acid cycle is 10.S.NOENZYMEREDUCING EQUIVALENTATP EQUIVALENT1Isocitrate dehydrogenase1NADH2.52a ketoglutarate dehydrogenase1 NADH2.53Succinyl CoAATP/GTP14Succinate dehydrogenaseFADH21.55Malate dehydrogenaseNADH2.5Total 10* Hence citric acid... | 16,081 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest cause of Intra cerebral bleed - | Primary intracerebral hemorrhage occurs mostly in patients with hypeension and is due to rupture of one of the numerous microaneurysms found in the brain tissue of most people with hypeension. Muir's Textbook of pathology Edited by JR Anderson, 12th edition, page no 21.20 | 16,082 | medmcqa_train |
Reversible methods of contraception are : | Ans. is a, b, c i.e. OCP; IUCD; Barrier; and Depot injection Methods of contraception (can be classified as) Temporary methods Permanent methods (used to postpone pregnancy or space bihs) (Surgical methods are to purposefully and permanently Barrier methoddeg destroy the Reproductive capacity of an individual) Natural ... | 16,083 | medmcqa_train |
Management of infected pancreatic necrosis include all except: | Pancreatic necrosis: Non ble fat or pancreatic tissue in peri-pancreatic region Acute necrotic collection (ANC)- intra/extra pancreatic collection containing fluid and necrotic material, with no definable wall This may develop a well-defined inflammatory capsule over a period of 4 weeks- Walled-off necrosis (WON) Diagn... | 16,084 | medmcqa_train |
Color of granule of actinomycetes- | Sulfur granules in Actinomyces exhibit white to yellow color. | 16,085 | medmcqa_train |
AH of the following are true about lymphocyte depletion variety of HL except: | Ans: b (CD 20 expression) Ref: Robbins, 7th ed, p. 688CD20 expression is classical of lymphocyte predominant variety of HL and not lymphocyte depletion variety.L & H variant is seen in lymphocyte predominant variety of HL and it classically expresses CD20 and germinal centre transcription factor BCL 6.HODGKIN LYMPHOMA ... | 16,086 | medmcqa_train |
Pearson's formula is used for : | B i.e. Stature | 16,087 | medmcqa_train |
Most important prognostic factor for colorectal carcinoma is | "The number of positive nodes appeared to be the single most important prognostic factor."-DeVita | 16,088 | medmcqa_train |
Caudal regression syndrome is seen in babies of mother having: | Ans. is a, i.e. DiabetesRef. Fernando Arias 3/e, p 454; COGDT 10/e, p 312"The lesion classically associated with diabetic embryopathy, the 'caudal regression syndrome', is rare, with an incidence of 1.3 per 1000 diabetic pregnancies". --Fernando Arias 3/e, p 454 | 16,089 | medmcqa_train |
Activation of juxtapulmonary-capillary receptors during pulmonary embolism causes the following physiological change: | Pulmonary embolism causes rapid shallow breathing (tachypnea). The receptors responsible for initiating these responses are located in the walls of the pulmonary capillaries or in the interstitium; therefore, they are called J (for juxtapulmonary-capillary) receptors. Stimulation of these receptors by pulmonary vascula... | 16,090 | medmcqa_train |
A 32-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after acutely developing a high fever, lightheadedness on standing, and a rash. At the hospital she develops vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, and abdominal pain. She goes on to develop evidence of multiorgan failure and is transferred to the intensive care unit. On... | TSS is most characteristically seen in females using vaginal tampons and is secondary to staphylococcal enterotoxins called TSS toxin 1 (TSST-1). Abrupt onset is characteristic. The clinical criteria for diagnosis include high fever, a diffuse rash that desquamates on the palms and soles over the subsequent 1-2 weeks, ... | 16,091 | medmcqa_train |
Cafe cornoray commonly occurs when a person is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Intoxicated o Cafe coronary7: It refers to accidental chocking by bolus of food obstructing larynx. Death is mostly due to asphyxia, or due to reflex cardiac arrest caused by stimulation of laryngeal nerve endings. It is common when gag reflex is suppressed, e.g. intoxicated individuals and following ... | 16,092 | medmcqa_train |
Hill Sach's lesion is most commonly seen in- | This question is a tricky one. when you read the textbooks, it seems that the answer is anterior shoulder dislocation.
Yes, Hill Sach's lesion is seen in an anterior shoulder dislocation. But, it is recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation.
Hill--sack lesion is a compression fracture of the posterolateral articular surf... | 16,093 | medmcqa_train |
Declaration of Helsinki is about: Odisha 11; NEET 14 | Ans. Human experimentation | 16,094 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of choice for Wahin's tumor is: | Wahin's tumor or papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum or adenolymphoma is 2nd most common benign tumor accounting for 5% of parotid gland tumors. It arises exclusively from parotid gland. It almost always occur in older males. (in 5th to 7th decade) There is increased risk in smokers Most common site is tail of parotid ... | 16,095 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following can be seen in Othello syndrome? | Othello Syndrome or Delusional jealousy is a psychiatric disorder in which a person holds a strong delusional belief that their spouse or sexual paner is being unfaithful without having any, very little, or insignificant proof to back up their claim. People who suffer from this disorder have a strong association with s... | 16,096 | medmcqa_train |
The drug which triggers the production of antibody against red cell antigen causing autoimmune hemolysis is: | The drug which triggers through mimicry the production of autoantibodies against red cell membranes and induce hemolysis is Mehyldopa. Ref: Harrison's principles of internal medicine, 18th edition; Page: 881. | 16,097 | medmcqa_train |
Thymectomy causes - | • In adult life, thymectomy has no demonstrable effect on antibody response or upon homograft survival.
• However, it has been shown that thymectomy in adult mice, combined with total body irradiation, can result in homograft tolerance of a high degree.
• This finding suggests that the thymus gland may resume its perce... | 16,098 | medmcqa_train |
Charcot's triad is defined by all of the following except: September 2007, March 2009 | Ans. B: Gall stones Cholangitis is due to paial or complete obstruction of the biliary tree with resulting bile stasis and secondary bacterial or microbial infection of the biliary tree Causes ? Common bile duct stones Benign biliary stricture (primary sclerosing cholangitis) Malignancy (head of pancreas adenocarcinoma... | 16,099 | medmcqa_train |
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