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A 15 year old female patient presents with pain in the calf muscles on exercise. Routine investigation reveals burgundy-colored urine (sample obtained after exercise). Histopathology of mucle shows deposits of glycogen in an excess amount. Which of the following treatment modality should not be followed in this patient... | Patient is suffering from type V Glycogen Storage Disease (McArdle Disease).
Treatment:
Avoidance of strenuous exercise.
Glucose or sucrose given before exercise or injection of glucagon can markedly improve tolerance in these patients.
Vitamin B6 supplementation reduces exercise intolerance and muscle cramps.
No... | 20,600 | medmcqa_train |
The radiographic appearance of Botryoid odontogenic cyst is | An unusual form of cyst called botryoid odontogenic cyst, manifests radiographically with a multilocular pattern, is simply a polycystic variant of the lateral periodontal cyst developing through cystic transformation of multiple islands of dental lamina rests. The botryoid odontogenic cyst appears similar, except tha... | 20,601 | medmcqa_train |
True about Hirschsprung’s disease is | Hirschsprung’s disease presents with non passage of stools in infants. Involved segment is not dilated Target sign is seen in intusussuption. | 20,602 | medmcqa_train |
Neonatal moality is calculated as - | Neonatal moality rate is number of deaths of children <28 days per 1000 live bih. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 521 | 20,603 | medmcqa_train |
A patient needs antibiotic treatment for aificial valve, culture-positive infective enterococcal endocarditis. His medical history includes severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin G during the past year. The best approach would be treatment with: | * Severe allergy to penicillins rule out the use of amoxicillin and cefazolin. * Vancomycin is highly effective against MRSA and enterococcal infections. * Drugs for VRSA and VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus faecalis) include linezolid and daptomycin. | 20,604 | medmcqa_train |
Each hemoglobin molecule contains how many globin? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1 Hemoglobin is the most impoant red cell constituent. The hemoglobin molecule is an assembly of four globular protein. Each subunit is composed of a protein (polypeptide) pa, i.e., globin and a nonprotein pa i.e., heme, i.e., Each hemoglobin molecule contains four heme units and two pairs of similar ... | 20,605 | medmcqa_train |
Closing capacity of lung is related to | The closing capacity (CC) is the volume in the lungs at which its smallest airways, the respiratory bronchioles, collapse. It is defined mathematically as the sum of the closing volume and the residual volume. The alveoli lack suppoing cailage and so depend on other factors to keep them open Ref: guyton and hall textbo... | 20,606 | medmcqa_train |
Duration of second stage of labor depends upon - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Parity o The duration of the normal second stage is usually very much shorter than the normal first staee of labour.o As with the first stage the duration of the second stage will mainly depend on whether it is the first labour or the woman has previously given birth to a viable infant i. e. it depend... | 20,607 | medmcqa_train |
Mongolian spots are seen most commonly over? | Ans. D. Presacral region. (Ref. Nelson Paediatrics 19th/Fig. 639-2).Mongolian spots, which are blue or slate-gray macular lesions, have variably defined margins; they occur most commonly in the presacral area but may be found over the posterior thighs, legs, back, and shoulders. They may be solitary or numerous and oft... | 20,608 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about this brain tumor except: | Meningioma (showing dural tail) Mostly occur along the superior sagittal sinus Most common intracranial, extra-axial dural-based neoplasm Associated with spasticity & lower limb weakness, sensory deficit and sphincter dysfunction of bladder Calcification is seen in 20-25% cases Simpson grading system is used for mening... | 20,609 | medmcqa_train |
Inulin clearance is equal to | Inulin clearance is equal to about 125ml/min, which is the GFR. | 20,610 | medmcqa_train |
Basic pathology in rickets- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Defect in mineralizationo To know the pathophysiology of rickets, one should know the structure of bone.o Bone consists of ?1) Protein matrix i.e. osteoid ----> also known as unmineralized bone.2) Mineral phase. principally composed of calcium and phosphate, mostly in the form of hydroxyapatite.o In r... | 20,611 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a mucolytic | Ambroxol & Bromhexine make the mucus less viscid & act as mucolytics. | 20,612 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not done in Septoplasty - | Anaesthetic consideration for intranasal surgeries
Intranasal operations are septoplasty, polypectomy, rhinoplasty and FESS.
Either a laryngeal mask or a cuffed endotracheal tube may be used with a throat pack, depending on the anaesthetist's confidence, the surgeon, the amount of blood loss and the duration of surger... | 20,613 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of a large hydrocele in an infant: | Ans: c (Herniotomy)Ref: Bailey & Love, 24th ed, p. 1408 & 23rd ed, p. 1275 | 20,614 | medmcqa_train |
Leptocyte in blood smears seen in?- | Leptocytes (or target cells ) are typically seen in thalassemia . Ref : robbins 9/e pg 640 under morphology | 20,615 | medmcqa_train |
A condition in which person goes to deep sleep especially during day time | SOMNOLENTIA In this condition the person is in between sleep and wakefulness. He may go to deep sleep especially in the daytime called narcolepsy. It is characterized by tetrad of Hypnagogic hallucination Sleep attacks Cataplexy Sleep paralysis Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 371 | 20,616 | medmcqa_train |
Rapid Reduction of blood pressure is indicated in : | Answer is D (All of the above) Acute Aoic Dissection, Hypeensive Encephalopathy and Intracerbral haemorrhage are all hypeensive emergenices that require rapid reduction of blood pressure Indications for rapid reduction of BP Rapid reduction of blood pressure is indicated in hypeensive emergencies and hypeensive urgenci... | 20,617 | medmcqa_train |
Metabolism of drugs is mostly done by which enzyme | Biotransformation reactions (metabolism) of drugs can be classified :
A. Non-synthetic (phase I) reactions
Metabolism brings about a change in the drug molecule by:
1. Oxidation
2. Reduction
3. Hydrolysis
4. Cyclization
5. Decyclization
The new metabolite may retain biological activity or it may be an inactive m... | 20,618 | medmcqa_train |
Most common extra-cutaneous manifestation of chicken pox is - | Answer- A. CNS involvementThe most common extracutaneous site of involvement in chicken pox in children is the CNSThe cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains lymphoctyes and elevated levels of protein. | 20,619 | medmcqa_train |
Congenitally missing teeth are the result of failure in which stage of development? | Initiation and proliferation are the only possibilities for congenitally absent teeth, the bud and cap stages, respectively. In the histodifferentiation stage, the teeth are present; failure in this stage results in structural abnormalities of the enamel and dentin. Failure in the morphodifferentiation stage results in... | 20,620 | medmcqa_train |
A 9-year-old child in a developing country is brought to a clinic by his parents because he has trouble keeping up with his classmates on the playground. Physical examination is remarkable for pulmonary rales. Chest x-ray shows biventricular dilation of the hea. Deficiency of which of the following vitamins is the most... | Thiamine deficiency is most frequently encountered in alcoholics and in developing countries. Deficiency of this vitamin can take several forms: dilated cardiomyopathy, polyneuropathy and mamillary body degeneration (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome). Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) deficiency causes scurvy, associated with capil... | 20,621 | medmcqa_train |
All are clinical features of pheochromocytoma, except : | Answer is C (Low coisol level) Pheochromocytoma is not associated with low coisol levels. Pheochromocytoma is unique in presentation as it may present both with, Hypeension and hypotension. Hypeension occurs in paroxysms and is the most common manifestation - Hypotension occurs as `ohostatic hypotension' and it occurs ... | 20,622 | medmcqa_train |
Causes of pulmonary-renal syndrome - | The pulmonary renal syndrome is a dramatic presentation with renal and respiratory failure that is not explained by excess intravascular fluid or by severe pneumonia;it occurs in Good pasture' s disease(anti-GBM) and small-vessel vasculitis.Other causes include leptospirosis leading to Weil's disease,Hanta hemorrhagic ... | 20,623 | medmcqa_train |
Tuberculin test positivity indicates - | Tuberculin test is a cell-mediated immune response to tuberculin. | 20,624 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding alpha feto-protein true statement . | Ans. is a i.e. Major source in fetal life is yolk sac As discussed earlier : "AFP is synthesized early in gestation by the fetal yolk sac and later by the fetal GlTand liver." No where it is given that major source is yolk sac so this statement (option "a") is paially correct. AFP levies are not increased in wilms tumo... | 20,625 | medmcqa_train |
The Eustachian tube is made up of | Eustachian tube Anatomy Eustachian tube, also called auditory or pharyngotympanic tube, connects nasopharynx with the tympanic cavity. In an adult, it is about 36 mm long and runs downwards, forwards and medially from its tympanic end, forming an angle of 45deg with the horizontal. It is divided into two pas: bony, whi... | 20,626 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about Antistreptolysin '0' titre is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., In acute glomerulonephritis titre is low . In rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis, a retrospective diagnosis of streptococcal infection may be established by demonstrating high levels of antibody to streptococcal toxins. The usual test done is antistreptolysin 0 titration. . ASO titres higher than ... | 20,627 | medmcqa_train |
The hot-cold phenomenon is seen due to which toxin- | Beta hemolysin: is a sphingomyelinase hemolytic for sheep Blood cells but not for human or rabbit blood cells . It exhibits hot cold phenomenon the hemolysis being at 37degC but becoming evident only after chilling Ref: Ananthanarayan & paniker's Textbook of Microbiology 9th edition pg no 202 | 20,628 | medmcqa_train |
Which enzyme joins two substrates- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ligase* An enzyme which joins two substrates in an energy dependent process is called ligase# Examples includeLigases, Synthetases, Carboxylases* Enzymes are classified into 6 classes:i) Oxidoreductasesii) Transferasesiii) Hydrolasesiv) Lyasesv) Isomerasesvi) LigasesI. Oxidoreductases catalyse oxidati... | 20,629 | medmcqa_train |
Psychosurgery is used in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., OCD Treatment if ICDo Drug treatment and behavioral therapy (including cognitive behavioral therapy) are regarded as first line treatments.1) Drug treatment: - SSRIs antidepressants (Fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertaline, Citalopram, fluvomoxamine) are the drugs of choice. Amongst the TCA only clomipramin... | 20,630 | medmcqa_train |
Most common employed sterilization technique ? | Ans-A | 20,631 | medmcqa_train |
Mosquito free airport perimeter: | Ref: 21st edition Park, pg 259Explanation:India is a yellow fever receptive area - area in which yellow fever dose not exit, but where conditions would permit its development if introduced.As an international measure airports and seaports are kept free from the breeding of insect vectors over an area extending at least... | 20,632 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a marker for neural tube defects? | Neural tube defects are associated with high levels of Acetylcholinesterase. Ref: Genetic disorders and Fetus, 4th Edition, Page 673; Ian Donald's Practical Obstetric Problem By Renu Misra, 6th Edition, Page 44 | 20,633 | medmcqa_train |
A 60 year old man presented to the OPD with symptoms suggestive of acute pancreatitis. He consumes high quantities of alcohol regularly. His symptoms staed 4 days ago. But he continued to consume alcohol. He was admitted for fuher evaluation. Presently, he has severe vomiting. He also complains of dizziness when standi... | The history and clinical features (Abdominal tenderness, hypotension due to blood loss, Grey Turner's sign) are suggestive of acute pancreatitis with pancreatic necrosis. Hence a contrast CT scan of the abdomen will reveal severe necrotising pancreatitis.Reddish / bluish discolouration of the flanks is known as Grey Tu... | 20,634 | medmcqa_train |
Acellular peusis vaccine contains-( | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Flagillary hemagglutinin, peussis toxin, fimbrial . Acellular peussis vaccines currently available from different manufactures should be considered as different and unique products because of the presence of one or more different components which are: - Chemically or genetically detoxified peussis tox... | 20,635 | medmcqa_train |
Indications of lung transplantation: | Ans. (d) All of the aboveRef: Sabiston 19th edition, Page 1589 Indications of Lung transplant:* COPD* Alpha 1 Anti trypsin deficiency* Pulmonary fibrosis* Primary pulmonary hypertension* Cystic fibrosis* Bronchiectasis | 20,636 | medmcqa_train |
Which carcinoma has the best prognosis | Lip cancer remains one of the most curable malignancies in the head and neck. The 10 year cause specific survival can be as high as 98% and recurrence free survival is greater than 90%. This is mainly because the lips are prominently located and allow for early detection of lesions. Squamous cell carcinoma of the lower... | 20,637 | medmcqa_train |
Used for aveing tobacco dependence is: | Drugs approved for tobacco dependence are Bupropion (NDRI) Varenicline (new drug) | 20,638 | medmcqa_train |
Propanolol is useful in the management of which of the following side effects of a typical neuroleptic? | (Ref: KDT 6/e p431, 432) Treatment of various extrapyramidal symptoms is as follows: Symptom Drug of Choice 1. Muscular dystonia Central antichollnergic (e.g. Benzhexol) 2. Parklnsonism Central antichollnergic (e.g. Benzhexol) 3. Akathisia Propanolol 4. Malignant neurolept syndrome Dantrolene 5. Tardive dyskinesia No s... | 20,639 | medmcqa_train |
Frame shift mutation causes ? | Mutations A mutation is a permanant change in the DNA. Mutations that affect germ cells (sperm or ovum) are transmitted to progeny and may give rise to inherited disease. Mutations that affect somatic cells are not transmitted to progeny but are impoant in the genesis of cancers and congenital malformations. Mutations ... | 20,640 | medmcqa_train |
A six yr. old female presents with constipation and urinary retention . On examination a presacral mass is noted. Most probable diagnosis is: | Ans is d i.e Anterior sacral meningocele Well all 4 options can present as presacral mass and any large pelvic mass can cause constipation and urinary retention due to mass effect. All the above lesions are rare, so we go for the most probable choice i.e. Ant. Sacral meningocele. It appears to be the most common of all... | 20,641 | medmcqa_train |
A previously healthy florist presents to the emergency department after vomiting blood in his flower shop. While waiting to be seen he has another episode of hematemesis. What is the most likely cause of his bleeding? | Peptic ulcer disease is the most common cause of UGI bleeding in patients presenting to the emergency department. Most bleeding ulcers (80%) will stop with conservative measures. A visible vessel seen during endoscopy can have up to a 55% chance of rebleeding. Other causes of bleeding include gastritis, gastric cancer,... | 20,642 | medmcqa_train |
Romana's sign is seen in infection due to: | Ans. a (Trypanosoma cruzi). (Ref. Harrison's medicine 16th ed. 1239)CHAGAS'DISEASE# Agent and Vector:- Trypanosoma cruzi (a protozoan) is transmitted through infected insect feces deposited near the bite of blood- sucking insects, especially "reduviid" or "kissing bugs"; and also perinatally, through transfusion, or th... | 20,643 | medmcqa_train |
All are alkylating agents, except : | 5-Fluorouracil is an antimetabolite whereas melphalan, cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil are alkylating agents. | 20,644 | medmcqa_train |
Friable and bulky vegetations are seen in which of the following: | Ans. A: Infective endocaitisInfective EndocarditisFriable (easily disintegrates), bulky, bacterial laden vegetations on hea valveVegetations may be single or multipleVegetation size varies from a few millimeters to centimeters- In acute endocarditisVegetations tend to be bulkierVegetations occur on normal valvesInvasio... | 20,645 | medmcqa_train |
Reflex absent in decorticate animal - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Long loop stretch reflex o Removal of cerebral cortex (decortication) affects long loop strech reflex and hopping & placing reactions. | 20,646 | medmcqa_train |
Confirmatory test for blood stain: PGI 13 | Ans. Tecihmann test | 20,647 | medmcqa_train |
Sta codon is: | AUG : Sta Codon - Methionine First Amino acids in protein: Methionine (Eukaryotes) Formyl Methionine (Prokaryotes) Other three are stop codons: UAA, UAG, UGA | 20,648 | medmcqa_train |
A hemodynamically stable nulliparous patient with ectopic pregnancy has adnexal mass of 2.5 x 3 cms and beta hCG titer of 1500 mIU/ml. There is no foetal cardiac activity. Which of the following modality of treatment is suitable for her? | The patient in the question is suffering from unruptured tubal pregnancy. Medical management is suitable for her as she meets the criteria for medical management. The best candidate for medical therapy is the woman who is asymptomatic, motivated, and compliant and with the following conditions: Initial serum Beta-hCG l... | 20,649 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a component of metabolic syndrome? | NCEP: ATPIII Definition Criteria for the Metabolic Syndrome: Three or more of the following: Central obesity: waist circumference >102 cm (M), >88 cm (F) Hyperiglyceridemia: triglyceride level >=150 mg/dL or specificmedication Low HDL cholesterol: <40 mg/dL and <50 mg/dL for men andwomen, respectively, or specific medi... | 20,650 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not secreted by the pancreas | Pancreatic juice is secreted most abundantly in response to the presence of chyme in the upper portions of the small intestine, and the characteristics of the pancreatic juice are determined to some extent by the types of food in the chyme. (The pancreas also secretes insulin, but this is not secreted by the same pancr... | 20,651 | medmcqa_train |
Over half of the potassium that appears in the urine of a patient, who has ingested some potassium salts, is derived From? | Secretion by the distal tubule.With a normal potassium intake filtered K+ (which is not reabsorbed) accounts for two third and secreted K+ counts for one-third of the excreted urinary K+.However, on high potassium diet, the K+ secretion increases and K+ secretion account for about 60-65% excreted K+.K+ secretion occurs... | 20,652 | medmcqa_train |
True about maximum isolation period of enteric fever: | Ans. (a) Till three consecutive negative urine/stool culture samples are obtained from patient Control of Typhoid Fever Lontrol of reservoir: Reservoir may be case or carrier: A. Cases: Early diagnosis and treatment: With early diagnosis and treatment, carrier stage can be prevented. Isolation: Owing to the infectious ... | 20,653 | medmcqa_train |
Ovulation is primarily caused by preovulatory surge of | Estrogen levels peak towards the end of the follicular phase. This causes a surge in levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This lasts from 24 to 36 hours, and results in the rupture of the ovarian follicles, causing the oocyte to be released from the ovary the oviduct.Ref: Ganong&;s... | 20,654 | medmcqa_train |
100 day glaucoma is seen in which of the following conditions? | CRVO cause hypoxia and release of VEGF causing neovascularisation of iris and thus neovascular glaucoma in 20% cases within 3 months (also known as 90days/100days glaucoma). | 20,655 | medmcqa_train |
Graft versus Host reaction is caused by - | The graft mounts an immune response against the antigens of the host is called graft-versus-host reaction. The immunocompetent T cells of the graft are responsible for this reaction. The recipient possesses transplantation antigens that are absent in the graft. Reference:athanarayan & paniker's 9th edition, pg no: 186 ... | 20,656 | medmcqa_train |
In a town with population of 100,000 the number of slides examined is 5000. Out of these, 100 slides were postive for malaria. The API is? | Annual parasite incodence = Confirmed cases during 1 year / population under surveillance x 1000 ie 100/ 100000 x 1000 = 1% Reference; Park&;s Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 24th edition.Pg no. 278 | 20,657 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements about the fluoroquinolones is FALSE? | * Fluoroquinolones are contra-indicated in children (due to risk of cailage damage) and pregnant female. * Most common mode of resistance to fluoroquinolones is mutation in DNA gyrase. * Dose of fluoroquinolones should be adjusted in renal failure (except moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin). * These drugs act by inhibiting... | 20,658 | medmcqa_train |
During pomeroy's method of female sterilization, which poion of tube is ligated : | lsthmo-ampullary | 20,659 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following malignancy does not show lymphatic metastasis? | Basal cell Ca is a low grade malignancy which spread by local invasion and does not show lymphatic metastasis. It is a well defined, firm lesion with waxy beaded margin. The ideal treatment of choice is excision with 0.5cm of normal skin margin. Ref: Illustrated synopsis of Dermatology and Sexually transmitted disease ... | 20,660 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following drug can be used in hypeensive crisis except: September 2007 | Ans. B: Pindolol Hypeensive emergencies are treated in an ICU; BP is progressively (although not abruptly) reduced using a sho-acting, titratable IV drug. Choice of drug and speed and degree of reduction vary somewhat with the target organ involved, but generally a 20 to 25% reduction in MAP over an hour or so is appro... | 20,661 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following organs contain aneurysm in polyaeritis nodosa except? | Pathophysiology in Polyaeritis nodosa The vascular lesion in polyaeritis nodosa is a necrotizing inflammation of small- and medium-sized muscular aeries. The lesions aresegmental and tend to involve bifurcations and branchings of aeries.They may spread circumferentially to involve adjacent veins. However,involvement o... | 20,662 | medmcqa_train |
In plasmodium falciparum the number of cycles, the parasite undergoes in the liver is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 1 There is only pre-erythrocytic schizogony in falciparum malaria, exo-erythrocytic cycle is absent. | 20,663 | medmcqa_train |
Interveebral disc is an example of which category of cailages? | Interveebral disc is a type of fibrocailage. Fibrocailage is characterized by large amount of irregular and dense bundles of collagen fibers in the matrix. It consists of alternating layers of cailage matrix and thick dense layers of type I collagen fibers. | 20,664 | medmcqa_train |
The major limitation in the use of clozapine for treatment of schizophrenia is | Clozapine:- It is the first atypical anti- psychotic. It has only weak D2 blocking action, produces few/no extrapyramidal symptoms; tardive dyskinesia is rare and prolactin level does not rise. Both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia are improved and clozapine is the most effective drug in refractory schiz... | 20,665 | medmcqa_train |
Which is bilateral tumour:- | In the choices of this question, all tumors are of Germ Cell origin. Germ Cell tumors are Mostly Unilateral eg, The endodermal sinus tumour is unilateral in 100% of cases However, dysgerminoma can have 10-15 % bilaterality & teratoma are bilateral in 15% of patients The Epithelial tumors of the ovary are the most commo... | 20,666 | medmcqa_train |
A 65 year old retired accountant with a 60 pack year smoking history presents for his annual physical examination. He was last seen 3 years ago, when he presented with an episode of acute bronchitis. He repos that he has been coughing over the past several months with productive green sputum. He denies any dyspnea or l... | A hemoglobin of 17 g/dL would be expected. The question describes a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) confirmed by his physical examination, which also suggests right-sided hea failure, loud P2, and hepatic congestion and peripheral edema due to right-sided hea failure. The pulmonary function te... | 20,667 | medmcqa_train |
Pramipexole is | (A) Dopamine agonist # Dopamine agonist: Mirapex is a dopamine agonist used for Parkinson's disease.> Pramipexole Side Effects: Drowsiness and the possibility of suddenly falling asleep during daily activities, which could result in an accident while driving.> Most common MIRAPEX side effects are nausea, sleeplessness,... | 20,668 | medmcqa_train |
Skin biopsy of a patient shows evidence of malignant melanoma. Which is the common type of malignant melanoma? | Superficial spreading melanoma comprises approximately 60% to 70% of melanomas and represents the most common melanoma subtype. They often arise in a preexisting nevus and typically develop as a spreading pigmented plaque with irregular borders and variation in color and surface contour. They often exhibit the classic ... | 20,669 | medmcqa_train |
In a case of meningitis, Neisseria meningitides was grown in culture after 48 hours. Which measure is to be taken immediately? | Meningococcal Meningitis prevention and control: Treatment of case Antibiotics staed <48 hours of illness save 95% lives Drug of choice: Penicillin (Ceftriaxone if allergic to penicillin) Epidemics: Single dose Long-acting Chloramphenicol or Ceftriaxone. Treatment of Carriers: Rifampicin Treatment of contacts: Sta trea... | 20,670 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a pa of Kubler Ross Stages of impending death? | Aggression REF: Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: 10th Edition, page 62, 63 Stages of Death and Dying:Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, M.D. (July 8, 1926 - August 24, 2004) was a Swiss-born psychiatrist, a pioneer in Near-death studies and the author of the groundbreaking book On Death and Dying (1969), where she first d... | 20,671 | medmcqa_train |
Hand wrist radiograph provides a view of: | A radiograph of the hand and wrist provides a view of some 30 small bones, all of which have a predictable sequence of ossification. | 20,672 | medmcqa_train |
A 3 month old child presents with intermittent stridor. Most likely cause is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Laryngomalacia Larvngomalacia o Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital laryngeal anomaly. o It is the most common cause of stridor in infants and children. Symptoms appear in the first 2 weeks of life and increase in severity for upto 6 months. Typical presentation is inspiratory stridor which i... | 20,673 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding perineal body are all except | External anal sphincter lies superficially and internal anal sphinder lies deeper with respect to perineal body. | 20,674 | medmcqa_train |
Prognosis in a soft tissue tumour is determined by - | Whatever the type, the grade of soft tissue Sarcoma is important for predicting its behaviour.
- Robbins | 20,675 | medmcqa_train |
Todd's palsy can occur affer episode of- | Harrison's principles of internal medicine 17th edition. *3 additional features of paial motor seizures are Jacksonian march,Todd's paralysis and epilepsia paialis continua . | 20,676 | medmcqa_train |
Length of anal canal | The length of the anal canal is about 4 cm (range, 3-5 cm), with two thirds of this being above the pectinate line (also known as the dentate line) and one third below the pectinate line ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg413 | 20,677 | medmcqa_train |
Tension pneumothorax due to fracture rib is treated by: | Tension pneumothorax due to fracture rib is treated by tube drainage. | 20,678 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a glycoprotein hormone: | The three pituitary glycoprotein hormones, FSH, LH, and TSH, share a common a subunit that is the product of a single gene and has the same amino acid composition in each hormone, although their carbohydrate residues vary. Also, HCG is a glycoprotein that shares same a subunit. ACTH is a peptide Hormones ending with 'i... | 20,679 | medmcqa_train |
Gout is a metabolic disorder of | Question repeated | 20,680 | medmcqa_train |
Phase 3 clinical trial is also called as | Phase 3 trial-done on 1000s of patients in various centers- multicentric, double-blinded after completion of phase 3, new drug will be released into the market Reference: Katzung's Pharmacology; 13th edition; Chapter 5; Development & Regulation of Drugs | 20,681 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most common initial site of metastasis from a primary BCC? | Ans. B. Regional lymph nodesThe metastatic potential of BCC is very low with rates ranging from 0.0028to0.1%, The head and neck region is the most frequent location of the primary tumor with regional lymph nodes being the most common site of metastasis. The lungs, bone, liver, and pleural are also potential sites of me... | 20,682 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug increases gastro -intestinal motility | ref;KD Tripathi 7the edition pharmacology (page no;471,114,103) Constipation is a prominent feature of Fentanyl action. Acts on intestines and in CNS-increases tone and segmentation but decreases propulsive movements. Atropine and Glycopyrrolate are anticholinergics. All visceral smooth muscles that receive parasympath... | 20,683 | medmcqa_train |
Bull's eye lesion in the macula is seen in: | 1. Autosomal-dominant, benign, concentric annular macular dystrophy 2. Ceroid lipofuscinosis *3. Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine retinopathy 4. Cone dystrophy 5. Hereditary ataxia 6. NARP syndrome 7. Spielmeyer-Vogt syndrome (Batten-Mayou syndrome) *8. Stargardt disease (or fundus flavimaculatus) 9. Trauma 10. Unknow... | 20,684 | medmcqa_train |
Jeep&;s disease is | The term pilonidal sinus describes a condition found in the natal cleft overlying the coccyx, consisting of one or more, usually non-infected, midline openings, which communicate with a fibrous tract lined by granulation tissue and containing hair lying loosely within the lumen. A common affliction amongst the military... | 20,685 | medmcqa_train |
Gettlers test is positive in - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., DrowningGettler testo Gettler test is done for drowning. It estimates chloride content of blood from both sides of heart. Normally the chloride content is equal in the right and left chambers of the heart (600 mg/100 ml). In fresh water drowning due to hemodilution the chloride content is decreased an... | 20,686 | medmcqa_train |
Persistent organ failure in the setting of acute pancreatitis is defined, when the organ failure lasts for more than: | The determinant of the severity of acute pancreatitis during the early phase is the presence and duration of organ failure, if organ failure persists for >48 h. Ref: Gut 2013;62:102-111. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302779. | 20,687 | medmcqa_train |
A girl child with verrucous lesions at an age of 2 weeks later on developed linear bands of hyperkeratotic papules and nodules followed by whorled pigmentation. Her mother had history of in utero child death and hypopigmented atrophic linear lesions. The diagnosis is | D. i.e. Incontinentia pigmenti | 20,688 | medmcqa_train |
Lethargic hypoglycemic girl neonate with following genital appearance: | Ans. (a) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Source- style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif"> Notice the clitoromegaly with fusion of labia majora coupled with slight hyperpigmentation patch on right thigh. Lethargy and hypoglycemia can be explained by CYP21B enzyme defect variant ... | 20,689 | medmcqa_train |
The most preferred approach for pituitary surgery at the present time is | Most pituitary tumors are approached through the nose by the trans-sphenoidal approach" - Schwaz Ref : Schwaz, 9/e p1541 | 20,690 | medmcqa_train |
A 33-year-old woman was evaluated for symptoms of severe intense generalized pruritus. Her physical examination reveals multiple sites of excoriation. Laboratory investigations confirm the clinical diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). She is now inquiring about available treatments for this condition, includin... | In patients with end-stage liver failure, liver transplantation is "curative," since recurrence after transplantation is rare. There is no known effective therapy to prevent progression of liver disease in PBC. The other therapies listed have been reported as effective in small case series but not in controlled trials.... | 20,691 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following would MOST likely be found in the Congo red-stained extracellular deposits with the bright green appearance under polarized light? | Amyloidosis occur in a large variety of forms. Primary amyloidosis is one of the more common forms of systemic amyloidosis, and can affect a variety of organs, including the hea, kidney, peripheral nerve, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract. In primary amyloidosis, the amyloid is composed of immunoglobulin li... | 20,692 | medmcqa_train |
Hirano bodies are seen in : | Hirano bodies are eosinophilic inclusions seen in the cytoplasm of Hippocampal neurons in Alzheimer's disease. | 20,693 | medmcqa_train |
Most consistent finding in acute viral hepatitis in CT is? | Ans BCT Findings: Hepatomegaly (15.5 cm at the midclavicular line), periportal edema (most consistent), decreased parenchymal attenuation, hepatic steatosis and periportal/ hepatoduodenal lymphadenopathy | 20,694 | medmcqa_train |
The most common association with coarse pitting of nails and onycholysis is: | Ans. b. Well defined scaly plaquesPolygonal violaceous (purple) papules and cicatricial alopecia is seen in lichen planus | 20,695 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are increased in pregnancy except: | (D) Plasma osmolality # Physiological Changes Associated with Pregnancy:> Blood Volume increases progressively from 6-8 weeks gestation (pregnancy) and reaches a maximum at approximately 32-34 weeks with little change thereafter. Most of the added volume of blood is accounted for by an increased capacity of the uterine... | 20,696 | medmcqa_train |
Nil per oral orders for an 8 year old child posted for elective nasal polyp surgery at 8 AM is all except | For children, nil per oral orders are upto 8 hrs for solid food, 6 hours for formula milk, 4 hours for breast milk and 2 hours for clear fluid. | 20,697 | medmcqa_train |
Following are the ocular association of retinitis pigmentosa except: | Ans. Primary angle closure glaucoma | 20,698 | medmcqa_train |
Recommended drug for patients with intrahepatic Wilson's disease i.e. patients with hepatitis, is | Answer- A. ZincHepatitis or cirrhosis without decompensation Zinc (first choice) & Trientine (2nd choice). | 20,699 | medmcqa_train |
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