query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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All are true about Glomus body tumor except: (PGI May 2010) | Ans: D (Brain..) Chemodectomas (Glomus Body Tumors) Dewta 7th/720-22# These are uncommon group of neoplasms that may originate anywhere glomus bodies are found.# The lesions are rare before the age of 20, there is a female predominance in some series, and the lesions may occur in multiple sites in about 10% to 20% of c... | 4,300 | medmcqa_train |
The most common site of implantation in ectopic pregnancy is - | Ans-A Ampulla .The most common site of ectopic pregnancy is a fallopian tube (as if and in fallopian tube the most common site is Ampulla (55%).Sites of ectopic pregnancy in fallopian tube in decreasing order of frequency :AmpullaIsthmusInfundibulumInterstitial | 4,301 | medmcqa_train |
An epidemiologic study observes increased numbers of respiratory tract infections among children living in a community in which most families are at the poverty level. The infectious agents include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Most of the children have had pneumonitis and... | Vitamin A is important in maintaining epithelial surfaces. Deficiency of this vitamin can lead to squamous metaplasia of respiratory epithelium, predisposing to infection. Increased keratin buildup leads to follicular plugging and papular dermatosis. Desquamated keratinaceous debris in the urinary tract forms the nidus... | 4,302 | medmcqa_train |
Bullous impetigo is caused by ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Staphylococcus Impetigo Impetigo is a highly contagious, Gram-positive bacterial infection of superficial layer of epidermis. Impetigo occurs in Two forms : ? 1. Non - bullous impetigo (Impetigo contagiosa) It is the most common bacterial infection of children (occurs mainly in children in contrast to... | 4,303 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following are the objective tests of refraction ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All the above | 4,304 | medmcqa_train |
In substantia nigra, the major neurotransmitter is: | Ans. A. Dopaminergica. There is a system of dopaminergic neurons in nigrostriatal dopaminergic system with cell bodies in substantia nigra and axon endings in caudate nucleus.b. In Parkinson's disease there is loss of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigrawhich leads to striatal dopamine depletion.c. As DOPAMINE ac... | 4,305 | medmcqa_train |
Rh negative mother, ICT negative was given Anti D at 28 week of pregnancy. Which of the following is the follow up schedule? | Anti D in Rh negative women: Anti-D immune globulin is given prophylactically to all D negative, unsensitized women at approximately 28 weeks' gestation, and a second dose is given after delivery if the newborn is D-positive. There are various recommendations regarding a second dose after 6 weeks of the first injection... | 4,306 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following pigments accumulates in liver in Dubin-Johnson syndrome? | Ans. b (Epinephrine metabolite) (Ref. Robbins Pathologic basis of disease 7th/ 887-888; Table 18-4)Dubin-Johnson syndrome# Hereditary defect in hepatocellular excretion of bilirubin glucuronides across the canalicular membrane due to absence of the canalicular protein, the multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2; located ... | 4,307 | medmcqa_train |
Floor of 4th ventricle has ? | Floor of 4th ventricle (Rhomboid fossa) It is diamond or rhomboidal shaped and is formed by posterior surface of pons (upper triangular pa or pontine pa) and dorsal surface of medulla (lower triangular pa or medullary pa) junction of pons and medulla forms intermediate pa. Features of 4th ventricle are :? Median sulcus... | 4,308 | medmcqa_train |
Visual acuity is a measure of: | Ans. Form sense | 4,309 | medmcqa_train |
Precancerous lesion of gall bladder is | Ans is 'a' ie Porcelain gall bladder "The calcified porcelain' gallbladder is associated with more than a 20% incidence of gallbladder carcinoma. These gallbladders should be removed, even if the patients are asymptomatic" - Schwartz SurgeryMirizzi SyndromeBiliary obstruction may occur in cases of acute cholecystitis, ... | 4,310 | medmcqa_train |
A 35 yr old male female singer presents with complains of hoarseness, vocal fatigue & pain in neck on prolonged phonation. Direct laryngoscopy shows bilateral pin head size swelling on Ant.1/3 & post 2/3 junction of vocal cord. What could be the probable diagnosis ? | Vocal nodule (singer's or screamer's node) Seen symmetrically on the free edge of vocal cord, at the junction of anterior one third, with the posterior two thirds (i.e. area of maximum vibration of cord). Vocal nodules are bilateral. Mostly seen in teachers, vendors, actors or pop singers as they speak in unnatural low... | 4,311 | medmcqa_train |
Lowest risk of malformations is seen with which of the following antiepileptic drug? | A metanalysis of 31 studies found lamotrigine and levetiracetam to carry the lowest risk of malformations(Ref: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition) | 4,312 | medmcqa_train |
Column concept of spine stability was given by - | REF : textbook of ohopedics, John ebnezer, 4th edition ,pg.no.311 Three column concept of spine stability was given by Denis *The anterior column consists of anterior half of the veebral body , anterior pa of the disk & anterior longitudinal ligament. * The middle column consists of posterior half of the body & the dis... | 4,313 | medmcqa_train |
Kernig's sign is seen in: September 2009 | Ans. B: Pyogenic Meningitis The main clinical signs that indicate meningism are nuchal rigidity, Kernig's sign and Brudzinski's signs. None of the signs are paicularly sensitive; in adults with meningitis, nuchal rigidity was present in 30% and Kernig's or Brudzinski's sign only in 5%. Nuchal rigidity is the inability ... | 4,314 | medmcqa_train |
In osteogenesis imperfecta the defect is in the: | Ans; a (Synthesis of type I collagen) Ref: Robbins, ed, p. 1279Osteogenesis imperfecta is due to deficiency in the synthesis of Type I collagen structures affected are - bone, joints,eyes, ear, skin and teethCytogenetic abnormality:Mutation in the genes that codes for a1, and a2 chains of collagen autosomal dominant in... | 4,315 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 year old male patient was on Isoniazid therapy for Tuberculosis.He developed rashes on exposed pas of body.He has disoriented memory. Family members gives history of diarrhea also.What is the diagnosis? | Isoniazid inhibits the endogenous syntheisis of Niacin so,the patient developed dermatitis,diarrhea,dementia. Prolonged treatment with Isoniazid leads to Pyridoxine deficiency,which is required for endogenous synthesis of niacin Reference: Harpers illustrated biochemistry 30th edition | 4,316 | medmcqa_train |
Rokitansky Kuster Hauser syndrome is associated with: | Ans. is b, i.e. Absent fallopian tubeTo understand why distal part of fallopian tube is present:Mullerian ducts grow downward, therefore there will be cases where there will be well formed abdominal ostia associated with hypoplasia or absence of the remainder of the tubes, uterus and vagina or the tubes and uterus may ... | 4,317 | medmcqa_train |
What is the most common cause of failure of radiotherapy for stage II cervical carcinoma? | In stage II cervical cancer, the incidence of nodal involvement is 25%-40%. Most tumors are not radioresistant, and distant metastasis (i.e., a more advanced stage) are a late complication of more advanced stages of the disease. | 4,318 | medmcqa_train |
A young male presented with dyspnea, bleeding and petechial hemorrhage in the chest after 2 days following fracture shaft of the femur right side. Most likely cause is: | Ans. (b) Fat embolism* Fat embolism usually manifests following Long bone fractures* MC after Closed fractures > Open fractures* MC in Young (more bone marrow) > Old* MC in Long bones (Femur) > Pelvis> Smaller bones* 90% will develop fat emboli after traumatic fracture but only 1-5% develop fat embolism syndrome* Also ... | 4,319 | medmcqa_train |
A female with H/o oligohydramnios during her pregnancy, brings her newborn baby to OPD, on noticing asymmetric thigh folds in her child. The examiner performs flexion, IR and abduction, which produces a click sound. Which is the test done by the examiner? | Clinical Diagnosis - DDH based on the following 1. Abduction is limited (especially in flexion) 2. Asymmetric thigh folds Oolani's Test--the first two alphabets O and R (Oolani for Reduction) and for Reduction we do abduction of hip. It is similar to 2nd pa of Barlow's test McMurray circumduction test is used to evalua... | 4,320 | medmcqa_train |
Most desirable structure to anastomose with esophagus is: | Ans. (a) StomachRef Schackelford Page 256 7th edition* Best conduit for esophageal replacement-- Stomach* Best conduit for short segment replacement of esophagus-- Jejunum* Best conduit in cases of corrosive injury to stomach and esophagus-- Colon | 4,321 | medmcqa_train |
WHO recommended dose of misoprostol in the treatment of post partum hemorrhage is | Ans. (C) 800 mcg sublingual(Ref: WHO recommendations for prevention and treatment of PPH 2012)According to WHO 2012 recommendationsOxytocin is drug of choice for treatment and well as prevention of post partum hemorrhage.Alternatives are ergometrine, fixed dose combination of oxytocin and ergometrine and misoprostolMis... | 4,322 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following virus is from Herpes virus family? | A VIRINAE B VIRINAE VIRINAE Includes HSV 1 HSV 2 HHV 3 Affects Ganglionic cells Includes HHV 5 HHV 6 HHV 7 Affects salivary glands Includes HHV 4 HHV 8 Affects B cells HHV - 3 - varicella zoster HHV - 4 - EBV HHV - 5 - Cytomegalo virus HHV - 8 - Kaposi saroma causing virus HSV - 1 - Herpes simplex virus 1 HSV - 2 - Her... | 4,323 | medmcqa_train |
False about PCOS | In PCOS, LH:FSH ratio is increased Shaw's Textbook of gynaecology,16th edition page no 432 | 4,324 | medmcqa_train |
A 30-year-old male on methotrexate 7.5 mg once daily for arthritis attends clinic for starting family. Wife takes no other medication apart from OCP. What should be the advice before conceiving? | Ans: A (Husband should stop methotrexate and wife should continue contraception for 3 months) Ref: Internet Source (e Therapeutic Guidelines Complete --Use of Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in Pregnancy) and Textbook of Management of Psoriasis by Nikhil YawalkarExplanation:Methotrexate interferes with the biosynthesis of purines... | 4,325 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is considered the MOST impoant risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis? | Prematurity is the most impoant risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis, although term infants also sometimes develop the condition. Clinical series have repoed that between 60 and 95% of affected babies are premature, and the incidence is markedly increased in babies born at lower gestational ages. Many other purpoe... | 4,326 | medmcqa_train |
After how many days of ovulation embryo implantation occurs ? | 7 - 9 days "From the time a feilized ovum enters the uterine cavity from the fallopian tube (which occurs 3-4 days after ovulation) until the time ovum implants (7-9 days after ovulation) the uterine secretions called uterinemilk provide nutrition for the early dividing ovum" "At the time of implantation, on days 21-22... | 4,327 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are clinical features of MEN-II EXCEPT: March 2004 | Ans. A i.e. Pituitary tumour Pituitary tumours are a pa of MEN-I/ Wermer syndrome | 4,328 | medmcqa_train |
Type of collagen present in cornea ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Type I | 4,329 | medmcqa_train |
Caplan's syndrome is | Rheumatoid Arthritis + Pneumoconiosis nodules = Caplan's syndrome.
Neutropenia + Splenomegaly + Nodular RA = Felty's syndrome. | 4,330 | medmcqa_train |
Profunda femoris aery at its origin lies on which side of the femoral aery ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., LateralProfunda femoris aery arises from lateral side of femoral aery about 4 cm below the inguinal ligament. | 4,331 | medmcqa_train |
A patient treated for infeility with clomiphene citrate presents with sudden onset of abdominal pain and distension with ascites the probable cause is | Ovarian Hyperstimulation syndrome It is an iatrogenic complication of ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins and clomiphene-induced cycles Charecteristic feature of OHSS is an increase in capillary permeability resulting in fluid shift from intravascular to extravascular spaces Mechanism of Action Probably me... | 4,332 | medmcqa_train |
A 42-year-old man presents with long-standing abdominal pain after meals, which is relieved by over-the-counter antacids. The patient has lost 9 kg (20 lb) in the past year. Physical examination reveals peripheral edema and ascites. Laboratory studies show decreased serum albumin but normal serum levels of transaminase... | Menetrier disease /Hyperplastic hypersecretory gastropathy Mean age 30-60 years Rare disorder associated with excessive secretion of transforming growth factor (TGF)-a, which is an EGF receptor (EGFR) ligand, and hyperactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor on gastric epithelial cells. Excessive EGFR activat... | 4,333 | medmcqa_train |
A middle-aged male comes to the outpatient depament (OPD) with the only complaint of hoarseness of voice for the past 2 years. He has been a chronic smoker for 30 years. On examination, a reddish area of mucosal irregularity overlying a poion of both cords was seen. Management would include all except: | The mentioned symptoms indicate that either it is pachydermia laryngitis or it can be early carcinoma: Both the conditions can be distinguished by biopsy only In either conditions: smoking is a causative factor and should be stopped. Regular follow up is a must in either of the conditions. Bilateral cordectomy is not r... | 4,334 | medmcqa_train |
Antibody found in patients of myaesthenia gravis is directed against | *myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease,most commonly caused by antibodies to acetylcholine receptors in the post junctional membrane of the neuromuscular junction ,which are found in around 80%of affected patients. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2378 | 4,335 | medmcqa_train |
All are true foe annular pancreas except | upper GI series is not the investigation of choice.They are plain X-ray abdomen,ERCP and Radioscopic study , Barium meal. SRB,5th,712 | 4,336 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following liver enzymes is predominantly mitochondrial? | In old literature, it was called as serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT). AST needs pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6) as co-enzyme. Normal serum level of AST ranges from 8 to 20 U/L. It is a marker of liver injury and shows moderate to the drastic increase in parenchymal liver diseases like hepatitis and mal... | 4,337 | medmcqa_train |
The normal P wave is biphasic in lead | The normal P wave in lead V1 may be biphasic with a positive component reflecting right atrial depolarization, followed by a small (<1 mm2 ) negative component reflecting left atrial depolarization. Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1455 | 4,338 | medmcqa_train |
Mycosis cells are altered : | A. i.e. T lymphacytis | 4,339 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are indices to define obesity, EXCEPT: | Various indices used to detect obesity include: Corpulence index Quetlet's index/ Body mass index Ponderal index Broca index Lorentz's formula Ref: Park 21st edition, page 369. | 4,340 | medmcqa_train |
Surfactant appears in amniotic fluid at the gesta?tional age of : | Ans. is b i.e. 32 weeks Friends, I had to search a lot for this answer but all in vain. Only Nelson Paediatric throws some light on this issue : "Pulmonary surfactant is a heterogenous mixture of phospholipids and proteins secreted into the saccular or alveolar sub-phase by the type ll pneumocytes. Its presence is firs... | 4,341 | medmcqa_train |
For termination of pregnancy, consent is needed from | Pregnancy can only be terminated on the written consent of the woman. Husband's consent is not requiredPregnancy in a minor girl (below the age of 18 years) or lunatic cannot be terminated without written consent of the parents or legal guardianReference: Textbook of Obstetrics; Sheila Balakrishnan | 4,342 | medmcqa_train |
The usefulness of a 'screening test' in a community depends on its - | Screening refer to 'the search for unrecognized disease or defect by means of rapidly applied tests, examinations or other procedures in apparently healthy individuals'
For screening a disease the most important parameter is sensitivity
Sensitivity is defined as the ability of a test to identify correctly all those wh... | 4,343 | medmcqa_train |
The laryngeal mask airway used for securing the airway of a patient in all of the following conditions except: | D i.e. In a patient with large tumor of the oral cavity | 4,344 | medmcqa_train |
Ratio of lung weight to body weight is calculated in | Plocquet's test is one of the tests for live birth.
Before respiration: Ratio of lung weight to body weight is I/70.
After respiration: Ratio is 1/35. | 4,345 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a false physical parameter during pregnancy? | On an average the non pregnant levels of blood fibrinogen is 260mg%. But in pregnancy it can reach an average value of 388 mg% (288 - 576 mg%) even then the clotting and bleeding times remains unchanged. Ref: Mudaliar and Menon's Clinical Obstetrics, 9th Edition, Page 41. | 4,346 | medmcqa_train |
Chocolate agar is ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Enriched medium | 4,347 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these is the characteristic feature of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis- | Ans. is 'c' > 'd' ie splitting of glomerular basement membrane > sub endothelial deposits Both the features mentioned in the options d & c are present in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis is of 2 typesTYPE I characterized byDeposition of subendothelial* immune on complexe... | 4,348 | medmcqa_train |
Main hormone acting upon uterus to initiate labor- | Ans-A i.e., Oxytocin Oxytocino Oxytocin is a nonapeptide,o It is secreted by the posterior pituitary along with vasopressin (ADH).o Both oxytocin and ADH are synthesized within the nerve cell bodies in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus; are transported down the axon and stored in the nerve e... | 4,349 | medmcqa_train |
Non -sterile hypopyon is seen in - | In fungal ulcer, usually a big hypopyon is present even if the ulcer is small.Unlike the bacterial ulcer,the hypopyon may not be sterile as the fungi can penetrate into the anterior chamber without perforation. Reference:Comprehensive ophthalmology,AK Khurana,6th edition,page no.106 | 4,350 | medmcqa_train |
A highly specific inhibitor that targets the phosphorylation activity of TFIIH is added to an in vitro transcription reaction. Which one of the following steps is most likely to be affected? | Most likely to be affected by inhibitor that targets the phosphorylation activity of TFIIH is promoter clearance Transcription factor II H has two activities : Helicase Kinase -Unwinds the DNA -Phosphorylates the TFIIH- Promoter clearance. | 4,351 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following histopathological changes are seen in psoriasis except? | Dyskeratosis is premature &abnormal keratinization below the level of stratum corneum,seen in Bowen's disease,SCC,Dyskeratosis congenita. | 4,352 | medmcqa_train |
X-ray of a patient shows the following changes: Bulbous ends of long bones, normal appositional bone growth and there is failure of physiologic root resorption. Lab finding shows myelophthisic anemia. What can be the probable diagnosis? | OSTEOPETROSIS:
Roentgenographic features:
Medullary cavities are replaced by bone and the cortex is thickened.
Density of bone may be such that, the roots of the teeth are nearly invisible on dental roentgenogram.
Ends of long bones are bulbous called Erlenmeyer's flask deformity.
In osteopetrosis, there is normal app... | 4,353 | medmcqa_train |
A 70-year-old male has a pathologic fracture of femur. The lesion appears a lytic on X-rays film with a circumscribed punched out appearance. The curetting from fracture site is most likely to show which of the following? | Old patient along with lytic circumscribed punched out X-ray appearance suggests multiple myeloma Multiple myeloma most often presents as multifocal destructive bone tumors composed of plasma cells throughout the skeletal system. It shows sheets of atypical plasma cells. | 4,354 | medmcqa_train |
Not a common complication of hemithyroidectomy | As parathyroids on the opposite side are preserved and not dealt with during surgery hypoparathyroidism is not seen after hemithyroidectomy. | 4,355 | medmcqa_train |
Diet given to pregnant lady under ICDS is | In ICDS supplementary nutrition is given to children below 6 years, nursing and expectant mothers from low-income group.Each child 6-72 months of age get 500 Cal and 12-15Gm of proteinSeverely malnourished child 6-72 months of age get 800 Cal and 20-25Gm of proteinEach pregnant and nursing women to get 600 Cal and 18-2... | 4,356 | medmcqa_train |
Pulpotomy is not indicated in- | If the patient is seen within an hour or two after the injury, if the vital exposure is small, and if sufficient crown remains to retain a temporary restoration to support the capping material and prevent the ingress of oral fluids, the treatment of choice is direct pulp capping.
If the pulp exposure in a traumatized,... | 4,357 | medmcqa_train |
The site at which 1,25-hydroxylation of Vitamin-D takes place in the kidneys is: | Proximal convoluted tubules | 4,358 | medmcqa_train |
Pharyngoconjunctival fever is caused by - | Pharyngoconjunctival fever is caused most commonly by serotypes 3 and 7, but serotypes 2, 4 and 14
also, have been documented as etiologic agents.
Ocular infections caused by Adenovirus -
i. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis → Serotypes 8, 19, 37
ii. Follicular conjunctivitis → Serotypes 3,7
iii. Pharyngoconjunctival f... | 4,359 | medmcqa_train |
Emergency contraceptive drugs are: | Postcoital (emergency) contraception : 1. Levonorgestrel 0.5 mg + ethinylestradiol 0.1mg taken as early as possible but within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse and repeated after 1 2 hours. Progesterone and estrogen combination can also be used in emergency contraception. 2. levonorgestrel 3. ulipristal 4. mifeprist... | 4,360 | medmcqa_train |
The following are features of primary hyperladosteronism EXCEPT: March 2013 | Ans. D i.e. Hyperkalemia Conn's syndrome 3asic pathology: Hyperaldosteronism Features: - Hypeension, - Decreased K., - I-olyuria, - Poiydypsia and - Proximal myopathy | 4,361 | medmcqa_train |
Ring sequestrum causes: | Sequestrum is the dead bone separated out from the living bone by the granulation tissue. The factors responsible for bone death in chronic osteomyelitis are: raised intravascular pressure Vascular stasis and small vessel thrombosis periosteal stripping bacterial toxins Sequestrum is the hall mark of chronic osteomyeli... | 4,362 | medmcqa_train |
Following represents fetal hypoxia except: | Normal fetal scalp pH ranges from 7.25 to 7.35.
Fetal hypoxia is indicated by ‘acidosis’ or fall in fetal scalp pH to values below normal (Not by increase).
It is used to corroborate the significance of fetal CTG (Cardiotocography).
Interpretation of Fetal Scalp blood sampling | 4,363 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is physiological uncoupler- | Ans. is 'a' i.e.* Thermogenin o Amongst the given options, a, b and c are uncouplers.o However, only thermogenin, among these three is a natural (physiological) uncouplex.Uncoupleso As the name suggests, these componds block the coupeling of oxidation with phosphorylation. These compounds allow the transfer of reducing... | 4,364 | medmcqa_train |
Most common mode of treatment for laryngomalacia is: | In most patients laryngomalacia is a self-limiting condition. Treatment of laryngomalacia is reassurance to the parents and early antibiotic therapy for upper respiratory tract infections. Tracheostomy is required only in severe respiratory obstruction. Surgical intervention (supraglottoplasty i.e. reduction of redunda... | 4,365 | medmcqa_train |
Sensory fiber with least conduction velocity:September. 2005 | Ans. A: C- fiberAlpha fibers are the thickest (fiber diameter of 12-20 micrometer) and fastest conduction velocity (of 70-120 mis) whereas C-fibers are the thinnest (fiber diameter of 0.3-1.2 micrometer) and slowest conduction velocity (of 0.5-2 m/s) | 4,366 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these structures appears radiopaque? | Radiopaque refers to that portion of the radiograph that appears light or white. Radiopaque structures are dense and absorb or resist the passage of the X-ray beam, E.g., Enamel, dentin and bone.
Nasal septum
On the panoramic radiograph, it appears as a vertical radiopaque partition that divides the nasal cavity.
Refer... | 4,367 | medmcqa_train |
Coliform test is for - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Water Contomination Bacteriological indicators of w ater contaminationo Presence of following organism indicate fecal contamination of water.Coliform : by all practical point of view it is assumed that all coliform are fecal in origin unless a non-fecal origin can be proved.Fecal streptococci or enter... | 4,368 | medmcqa_train |
Seoli cell secrets | Androgen binding protein is a protein secreted by testicular Seoli cells along with inhibin and mullerian inhibiting substance. Androgen binding protein probably maintains a high concentration of androgen in the seminiferous tubules.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no: 421 | 4,369 | medmcqa_train |
High plasma protein binding of a drug results in:- | * High plasma protein binding (PPB) of a drug decreases its distribution into tissue and thus lower the volume of distribution. * As only free drug can be metabolized or excreted, high PPB usually increases the duration of action. * With higher PPB, there is more chance of getting displaced by other drugs leading to mo... | 4,370 | medmcqa_train |
Earliest fetal anomaly to be detected by USG: March 2013 | Ans. C i.e. Anencephaly | 4,371 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of depression with suicidal tendencies is? | ANSWER: (C) ECTREF: Kaplan synopsis 10th ed p. 557ECT is therapy of choice depression with:Suicidal tendencyPsychomotor retardationPsychotic and delusional features with somatic syndromeIntolerance , contraindication, refractory to drugs | 4,372 | medmcqa_train |
A 32 year old male presents with a laceration he sustained after stepping on broken glass at the beach. The examination reveals an 8cm cut on the medial plantar aspect of the left foot. Which peripheral nerve block is appropriate? | Posterior tibial nerve * The posterior tibial nerve innervates the sole of the foot. To perform a peroneal nerve block, 1 percent lidocaine is injected into the subcutaneous tissue lateral to the posterior tibial aery at the upper border of the medial malleolus. * None of the other nerves listed supply the plantar surf... | 4,373 | medmcqa_train |
Complication of positive pressure ventilation – | PEEP & CPAP can cause barotrauma which may result in pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum, penumopericardium/ cardiac tamponade. | 4,374 | medmcqa_train |
The most common cause of conductive deafness in children is | SEROUS OTITIS MEDIA, SECRETORY OTITIS MEDIA, MUCOID OTITIS MEDIA, "GLUE EAR" This is an insidious condition characterized by accumulation of nonpurulent effusion in the middle ear cleft. The fluid is nearly sterile. The disease affects children of 5-8 years of age. Hearing loss. This is the presenting and sometimes the... | 4,375 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice in absence seizure- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ethosuximide | 4,376 | medmcqa_train |
A young girl has had repeated infections with Candida albicans and respiratory viruses since the time she was 3 months old. As pa of the clinical evaluation of her immune status, her responses to routine immunization procedures should be tested. In this evaluation, the use of which of the following vaccines is contrain... | Recurrent severe infection is an indication for clinical evaluation of immune status. Live vaccines, including BCG attenuated from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, should not be used in the evaluation of a patient's immune competence because patients with severe immunodeficiencies may develop an overwhelming infection from ... | 4,377 | medmcqa_train |
Choanal atresia is due to the persistence of | Choanal atresia
Choana, also called posterior nares, is an opening in the posterior part of each nasal cavity, through which the nasal cavity communicates with nasopharynx.
Choanal atresia is a congenital anomaly characterized by closure of one or both posterior nasal cavies (i.e., choana). It is due to the persistenc... | 4,378 | medmcqa_train |
Cells seen at the function between two layers ofplacenta are? | Ans. is'a'i.e., Hofbauer cellHofbauer cells (HBCs) are placental macrophages that are present in the core of villus.Major cell type in placenta include syncytiotrophoblasts which line intervillous space and are in direct contact of maternal blood.Underlying stromal cells adjacent to fetal capillaries largely consisting... | 4,379 | medmcqa_train |
Mode of excretion of cyclophosphamide is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Kidney [Ref: style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0 0 8pt 8px; text-indent: 0; text-align: left">o Cyclophosphomide is primarily metabolized (80%) and metabolites are excerted in urine.o 10 to 20% is excreted unchanged in urine and 4% is excreted in... | 4,380 | medmcqa_train |
HPV with low risk sexually transmitted types include | (A) 6 & 11# GENITAL INFECTIONS: Since cervical and female genital infection by specific HPV types is highly associated with cervical cancer, those types of HPV infection have received most of the attention from scientific studies.> HPV infections in that area are transmitted primarily via sexual activity.> Of the 120 k... | 4,381 | medmcqa_train |
Infection by which virus gives rise to the following skin lesions? | c Varicella zoster virusSimultaneous presence of various types of skin lesions including macules, papules & vesicles are suggestive of Chicken Pox', caused by Varicella zoster virus | 4,382 | medmcqa_train |
Action of Antidote of heparin (Protamine) is based on: | Chemical antagonism | 4,383 | medmcqa_train |
Breast milk storage in a refrigerator is upto ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 24 hrs Breast milk o Can be stored at room temperature --> For 8-10 hours o In a refrigerator --> For 24 hours o In a freezer --> -20degc for 3 months | 4,384 | medmcqa_train |
Currarino triad includes: | Currarino triadorASP triad: - Anorectal malformation or congenital anorectal stenosis - Sacrococcygeal osseous defect (always present) - Classically, hemisacrum with intact first sacral veebra ("sickle-shaped sacrum") - Mild (hypoplasia) to severe (agenesis) of sacrum and coccyx - Presacral mass (various types) - Anter... | 4,385 | medmcqa_train |
The International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stage 4S includes metastasis to all the following except | INSS stage 4S refers to neuroblastoma in children younger than 1 yr of age with dissemination to liver, skin, and/or bone marrow without bone involvement and with a primary tumor that would otherwise be staged as INSS stage 1 or 2. Reference: Nelson; Neuroblastoma; Page no: 2463 | 4,386 | medmcqa_train |
Anuria is defined passing Less than _____ ml urine/day | Anuria <100ml.
Oliguria < 400ml. | 4,387 | medmcqa_train |
At the superficial inguinal canal increased abdominal pressure leads to closure by approximation of crura in the opening. This defect is seen in an aponeurosis formed by which of the following muscles? | Ans. is'b'i.e., External oblique(Ref: BDC &/e Vol. II p. 212, 213; Ramesh Babu p. 219)Examinar is asking about superficial inguinal ring which is triangular defect in external oblique aponeurosis.Superficial inguinal ring is an anatomical structure in the anterior abdominal wall. It is a triangular shaped defect in the... | 4,388 | medmcqa_train |
Heller's myotomy is done for: September 2007, 2009, 2010 | Ans. C: Achalasia cardia Achalasia is associated with loss of ganglion cells in the esophageal myenteric plexus. These impoant inhibitory neurons induce LES relaxation and coordinate proximal-to-distal peristaltic contraction of the esophagus Achalasia is an esophageal motor disorder characterized by increased lower es... | 4,389 | medmcqa_train |
Which of following anatomical information may assist you during post-partum tubal sterilization. | Round ligament originates below and anterior to origin of fallopian tube. | 4,390 | medmcqa_train |
Features of alcoholic liver disease - | Ans. is AllPathology of alcoholic liver diseaseSteatosis (fatty liver)o Microvesicular fatty change o Later changes to macrovesicular fatty changeAlcoholic hepatitiso Hepatocellular necrosis o Ballooning degeneration o Mallory bodieso Neutrophilic infiltration Perivenular and perisinusoidol fibrosis --*central hyaline ... | 4,391 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the commonest tumour of thyroid - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Papillary 'Papillary carcinoma accounts for 80% of all thyroid malignancies in iodine-sufficient areas and is the predominant thyroid cancer in children and individuals exposed to external radiation." - SchwartzIncidence of primary malignant tumors of thyroid gland (Harrison 17/e)Type of thyroid carci... | 4,392 | medmcqa_train |
SVC syndrome is most commonly associated with: | If the superior or inferior vena cava is obstructed, the venous blood causes distention of the veins running from the anterior chest wall to the thigh.The lateral thoracic vein anastomoses with the superficial epigastric vein, a tributary of the great saphenous vein of the leg. In these circumstances, a touous varicose... | 4,393 | medmcqa_train |
There is a pressure sore extending into the subcutaneous tissue but underlying structures are not involved. Stage of the pressure sore is | Stage 1Non-blanchable erythema without a breach in theepidermisStage 2Paial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis and dermisStage 3Full-thickness skin loss extending into the subcutaneous tissue but not through underlying fasciaStage 4Full-thickness skin loss through fascia with extensive tissue destruction, mayb... | 4,394 | medmcqa_train |
The fluidity of the plasma membrane is increased by | Cholesterol maintains the fluidity of the membrane. Cholesterol acts as a buffer to modify the fluidity of membranes. A lipid bilayer made up of only one type of phospholipid changes from a liquid state to a rigid crystalline state (gel state) at a characteristic freezing point. This change in state is known as a phase... | 4,395 | medmcqa_train |
In transverse lie, the presentation is: | Transverse lie The long axes of the fetal and maternal ovoid are approximately at right angles to each other and the shoulder is presenting at pelvic inlet.The baby may be directly across the mother&;s abdomen,when it is a transverse lie,or obliquely across with the head or breech in one iliac fossa ,when it is an obli... | 4,396 | medmcqa_train |
Infection of CNS spreads to inner ear through | The scala tympani is closed by a secondary tympanic membrane. It is also connected with subarachnoid space through aqueduct of cochlea Reference: Dhingra 6th edition. | 4,397 | medmcqa_train |
Resting membrane potential of a neuron is | In neurons, the resting membrane potential is usually about - 70mV, which is close to the equilibrium potential for K+. Because there are more open K+channels than Na+ channels at rest Ref: Ganong&;s Review of medical physiology;25th edition; pg: 90 | 4,398 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein(CETP) , EXCEPT: | Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP): Facilitates the transfer of cholesterol ester from HDL to VLDL, IDL and LDL in exchange for triacylglycerol. Relieves the product inhibition of the LCAT enzyme. | 4,399 | medmcqa_train |
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